1
|
Harris MJ, Murtfeldt R, Wang S, Mordecai EA, West JD. Perceived experts are prevalent and influential within an antivaccine community on Twitter. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae007. [PMID: 38328781 PMCID: PMC10847722 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Perceived experts (i.e. medical professionals and biomedical scientists) are trusted sources of medical information who are especially effective at encouraging vaccine uptake. The role of perceived experts acting as potential antivaccine influencers has not been characterized systematically. We describe the prevalence and importance of antivaccine perceived experts by constructing a coengagement network of 7,720 accounts based on a Twitter data set containing over 4.2 million posts from April 2021. The coengagement network primarily broke into two large communities that differed in their stance toward COVID-19 vaccines, and misinformation was predominantly shared by the antivaccine community. Perceived experts had a sizable presence across the coengagement network, including within the antivaccine community where they were 9.8% of individual, English-language users. Perceived experts within the antivaccine community shared low-quality (misinformation) sources at similar rates and academic sources at higher rates compared to perceived nonexperts in that community. Perceived experts occupied important network positions as central antivaccine users and bridges between the antivaccine and provaccine communities. Using propensity score matching, we found that perceived expertise brought an influence boost, as perceived experts were significantly more likely to receive likes and retweets in both the antivaccine and provaccine communities. There was no significant difference in the magnitude of the influence boost for perceived experts between the two communities. Social media platforms, scientific communications, and biomedical organizations may focus on more systemic interventions to reduce the impact of perceived experts in spreading antivaccine misinformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory J Harris
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Center for an Informed Public, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ryan Murtfeldt
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Shufan Wang
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Erin A Mordecai
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jevin D West
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Center for an Informed Public, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Harris MJ, Murtfeldt R, Wang S, Mordecai EA, West JD. The role and influence of perceived experts in an anti-vaccine misinformation community. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.07.12.23292568. [PMID: 37546922 PMCID: PMC10398812 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.12.23292568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of perceived experts (i.e., medical professionals and biomedical scientists) as potential anti-vaccine influencers has not been characterized systematically. We describe the prevalence and importance of anti-vaccine perceived experts by constructing a coengagement network based on a Twitter data set containing over 4.2 million posts from April 2021. The coengagement network primarily broke into two large communities that differed in their stance toward COVID-19 vaccines, and misinformation was predominantly shared by the anti-vaccine community. Perceived experts had a sizable presence within the anti-vaccine community and shared academic sources at higher rates compared to others in that community. Perceived experts occupied important network positions as central anti-vaccine nodes and bridges between the anti- and pro-vaccine communities. Perceived experts received significantly more engagements than other individuals within the anti- and pro-vaccine communities and there was no significant difference in the influence boost for perceived experts between the two communities. Interventions designed to reduce the impact of perceived experts who spread anti-vaccine misinformation may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallory J. Harris
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Center for an Informed Public, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Ryan Murtfeldt
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Shufan Wang
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Jevin D. West
- Center for an Informed Public, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pavlovic D, Sahoo P, Larson HJ, Karafillakis E. Factors influencing healthcare professionals' confidence in vaccination in Europe: a literature review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2041360. [PMID: 35290160 PMCID: PMC9009961 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2041360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-care professionals (HCPs) have a fundamental role in vaccination, their own beliefs and attitudes affecting both their uptake and recommendation of vaccines. This literature review (n = 89) summarises evidence on HCPs’ perceptions of the risks and benefits of vaccination, trust, and perceptions of mandatory vaccination in Europe. HCPs across studies believed that vaccination is important to protect themselves and their patients. However, beliefs that some diseases such as influenza are less risky were reported by some HCPs as a reason for not getting vaccinated. Concerns about both short- and long-term side effects were identified among HCPs in most studies, such as those affecting the immune or neurological system. Mistrust toward health authorities and pharmaceutical industry was reported in some studies. The question of mandatory vaccination revealed mixed opinions, with some favoring self-determination and others viewing vaccination as a duty. This review highlights key factors influencing HCPs’ confidence in vaccination in Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Pavlovic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Sahoo
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - H J Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - E Karafillakis
- Centre for the Evaluation of Vaccination, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prieto-Campo Á, García-Álvarez RM, López-Durán A, Roque F, Herdeiro MT, Figueiras A, Zapata-Cachafeiro M. Understanding Primary Care Physician Vaccination Behaviour: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13872. [PMID: 36360750 PMCID: PMC9654811 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy decreases adult vaccination coverage and has been recognized by WHO as a major health threat. Primary care physicians (PCP) play a key role in vaccination by giving vaccine counselling to their patients. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and barriers (KBAB) associated with own vaccination and patient recommendation in primary care physicians. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were used to search and identify relevant studies based on their title and abstract. In the next step, the full text of each previously selected article was read for eligibility. Articles were selected by two independent reviewers and data extraction was performed using tables. The following information was extracted: methodological characteristics, demographic factors, professional characteristics, and intrinsic or extrinsic factors influencing vaccination or recommendation. RESULTS Our search yielded 41 eligible papers, data-sources, previous practices, belief in the effectiveness or safety of the vaccine, perceived risk, and trust in health authorities were all shown to be related to own vaccination and patient recommendation. CONCLUSION Internet is the main source of information for PCP related to vaccine hesitancy. It is therefore essential to increase the presence and access to pro-vaccination content in this area. In addition, involving PCP in the establishment of vaccination recommendations could improve their credibility in the institutions. On the other hand, training in communication skills and establishing reminder systems could reflect higher vaccination coverage among their patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Prieto-Campo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosa María García-Álvarez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana López-Durán
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fátima Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic of Guarda (UDI-IPG), Avenida Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, No. 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda Rua da Cadeia, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maruxa Zapata-Cachafeiro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15786 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rovetta A, Castaldo L. Are We Sure We Fully Understand What an Infodemic Is? A Global Perspective on Infodemiological Problems. JMIRX MED 2022; 3:e36510. [PMID: 36409169 PMCID: PMC9642843 DOI: 10.2196/36510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infodemic is defined as an information epidemic that can lead to engaging in dangerous behavior. Although the most striking manifestations of the latter occurred on social media, some studies show that dismisinformation is significantly influenced by numerous additional factors, both web-based and offline. These include social context, age, education, personal knowledge and beliefs, mood, psychological defense mechanisms, media resonance, and how news and information are presented to the public. Moreover, various incorrect scientific practices related to disclosure, publication, and training can also fuel such a phenomenon. Therefore, in this opinion article, we seek to provide a comprehensive overview of the issues that need to be addressed to bridge the gap between science and the public and build resilience to the infodemic. In particular, we stress that the infodemic cannot be curbed by simply disproving every single false or misleading information since the belief system and the cultural or educational background are chief factors regarding the success of fake news. For this reason, we believe that the process of forming a critical sense should begin with children in schools (ie, when the mind is more receptive to new ways of learning). Furthermore, we also believe that themes such as scientific method and evidence should be at the heart of the university education of a future scientist. Indeed, both the public and scientists must be educated on the concepts of evidence and validity of sources, as well as learning how to dialogue appropriately with each other. Finally, we believe that the scientific publishing process could be greatly improved by paying reviewers for their work and by ceasing to pursue academic success at all costs.
Collapse
|
6
|
Włodarczyk D, Ziętalewicz U. Medics as a Positive Deviant in Influenza Vaccination: The Role of Vaccine Beliefs, Self-Efficacy and Contextual Variables. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050723. [PMID: 35632479 PMCID: PMC9148145 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The influenza vaccination rate remains unsatisfactorily low, especially in the healthy adult population. The positive deviant approach was used to identify key psychosocial factors explaining the intention of influenza vaccination in medics and compare them with those in non-medics. Methods: There were 709 participants, as follows: 301 medics and 408 non-medics. We conducted a cross-sectional study in which a multi-module self-administered questionnaire examining vaccination beliefs, risk perception, outcome expectations (gains or losses), facilitators’ relevance, vaccination self-efficacy and vaccination intention was adopted. We also gathered information on access to vaccination, the strength of the vaccination habit and sociodemographic variables. Results: We used SEM and were able to explain 78% of the variance in intention in medics and 56% in non-medics. We identified both direct and indirect effects between the studied variables. In both groups, the intention was related to vaccination self-efficacy, stronger habits and previous season vaccination, but access to vaccines was significant only in non-medics. Conclusions: Applying the positive deviance approach and considering medics as positive deviants in vaccination performance extended the perspective on what factors to focus on in the non-medical population. Vaccination promotion shortly before the flu season should target non- or low-intenders and also intenders by the delivery of balanced information affecting key vaccination cognitions. General pro-vaccine beliefs, which may act as implicit attitudes, should be created in advance to build proper grounds for specific outcome expectations and facilitators’ recognition. It should not be limited only to risk perception. Some level of evidence-based critical beliefs about vaccination can be beneficial.
Collapse
|
7
|
Parental and provider vaccine hesitancy and non-timely childhood vaccination in Switzerland. Vaccine 2022; 40:3193-3202. [PMID: 35487812 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although medical providers are a trusted vaccination information source for parents, they do not universally support vaccination. Complementary medicine (CM) providers are particularly likely to hold vaccine hesitant (VH) views, and VH parents often consult with them. Little research compares VH of parents and providers, and if and how each is associated with uptake of recommended childhood vaccines. METHODS We defined non-timely receipt as recommended vaccines given > 1 month later than officially recommended, based on vaccination records. We administered versions of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines (PACV) 5-item survey instrument to 1256 parents and their children's pediatricians (N = 112, 40 CM-oriented, 72 biomedical [not CM-oriented]) to identify moderately (PACV-score 5-6) and highly (PACV-score 7+) hesitant providers/parents. We obtained multivariable adjusted odds ratios to test relationships between parental VH and provider type/VH, and between non-timely receipt of selected childhood vaccines and parental VH and provider type/VH. RESULTS No biomedical providers were VH, 9 CM providers were moderately VH, and 17 were highly VH. Parents seeing moderately and highly hesitant providers had adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for being VH = 6.6 (95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1-14.0) and AOR = 31.3 (95% CI 16.8-58.3), respectively. Across all vaccine uptake endpoints, children of moderately and highly hesitant parents had 1.9-3.8 and 7.1-12.3 higher odds of non-timely vaccination, and children seeing highly hesitant CM providers had 4.9-9.4 higher odds. Children seeing moderately hesitant CM providers had 3.3 higher odds of non-timely vaccination for the 1st dose of measles and 3.5 higher odds for 1st dose of polio/pertussis/tetanus. CONCLUSION VH by both parents and providers each is associated with non-timely childhood vaccination. As VH parents are more likely to consult with VH providers, interventions aimed at increasing timely vaccination need to primarily target VH providers and their clients.
Collapse
|
8
|
Barqawi HJ, Samara KA, Hassan MS, Amawi FB. Adult Vaccination in the United Arab Emirates—A Physicians' Knowledge and Knowledge Sources Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:865759. [PMID: 35493373 PMCID: PMC9051022 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.865759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A lack of knowledge on adult vaccination has been documented among physicians. They play a critical role in promoting adult vaccines. This study aimed to review the status of adult vaccination in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and evaluate physicians' knowledge and knowledge sources regarding adult vaccines. Methods Local, regional, and global adult vaccination guidelines were reviewed. A 40-item questionnaire was used to collect data from physicians from June to October 2020, using convenience and snowball sampling. Knowledge score was calculated, and predictors identified using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis H-tests. Ordinary Least Squares regression was used for Multivariate Analysis. Results A total of 500 responses were included. A quarter were internists, and another quarter were family physicians. Fifty-seven percent were medical interns and residents. Both perceived and actual knowledge of adult vaccination were low. Bivariate analysis showed knowledge depending on department, level of training, workplace, and perceived knowledge. All remained significant after multivariable regression except workplace. International and local guidelines were the most common knowledge sources. Forty-two percent were unable to access the local guidelines. Conclusions Physicians' knowledge was poor and local guidelines were not clear or easily accessible. Participants were highly receptive to guidance and practice with adult vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba J. Barqawi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Hiba J. Barqawi
| | - Kamel A. Samara
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmoud S. Hassan
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Conventry, United Kingdom
| | - Firas B. Amawi
- Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
İkiışık H, Sezerol MA, Taşçı Y, Maral I. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and related factors among primary healthcare workers in a district of Istanbul: a cross-sectional study from Turkey. Fam Med Community Health 2022; 10:e001430. [PMID: 35470223 PMCID: PMC9039154 DOI: 10.1136/fmch-2021-001430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the COVID-19 risk perceptions, vaccination intentions and predictive factors of family physicians and family healthcare staff working in primary care in Üsküdar. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was performed using an online questionnaire to determine the demographic and general characteristics of the participants and their willingness to be vaccinated. SETTING An online questionnaire was applied to family physicians and family health workers working in primary care family health centres in Üsküdar between 25 and 29 December 2020. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of the willingness of individuals to be vaccinated. PARTICIPANTS Out of 323 health workers working in 44 family health centres in the district, a total of 276 health workers were reached, including 126 physicians (n=158, 79.7%) and 150 midwives/nurses (n=165, 90.9%) (response rate 85.4%). RESULTS 50.4% (n=139) of the healthcare workers were willing to have the COVID-19 vaccine, 29% (n=80) were undecided and 20.7% (n=57) refused the vaccine. The rate of acceptance to be vaccinated was higher in physicians, in men and in those who had not received a seasonal influenza vaccination regularly each year. CONCLUSIONS Half of the primary healthcare workers, one of the high-risk groups in the pandemic, were hesitant or refused to be vaccinated for COVID-19. Knowing the factors affecting the vaccine acceptance rates of healthcare professionals can be considered one of the most strategic moves in reaching the target of high community vaccination rates. For evidence-based planning in vaccination studies, there is a need to investigate the reasons for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance by healthcare workers at all levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hatice İkiışık
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey, Üsküdar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Sezerol
- Public Health Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Taşçı
- Public Health Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Işıl Maral
- Department of Public Health, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey, Üsküdar, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Papagiannis D, Malli F, Gourgoulianis KI. Registry Systems for COVID-19 Vaccines and Rate of Acceptability for Vaccination Before and After Availability of Vaccines in 12 Countries: A Narrative Review. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:121-133. [PMID: 35200443 PMCID: PMC8872397 DOI: 10.3390/idr14010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Registry systems play a key role in promoting vaccination campaigns in the general population. In the present narrative review, we provide data from 12 12 countries for vaccination acceptance before the availability of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccination coverage once it is available. We selected a randomized representative sample of 12 countries from WHO regions and 194 total members by the Open Epi Random Program. We observed the results with different levels of vaccine acceptability between the studies that were performed before the availability of a vaccine against COVID-19 and the vaccination coverage after the availability of the COVID-19 vaccine. All the registry systems that were developed for the recent pandemic achieved the initial functional goals. Twelve months after the vaccination campaign has begun, varying results were reported for vaccination coverage against COVID-19 vaccines with rates as high as 98% (subjects with at least one dose of vaccine) in the United Arabic Emirates, and as low as 24% in South Africa. The United Arabic Emirates stood as the leader of the world with the highest number of vaccinations 88% fully vaccinated citizens followed by Canada with 80% fully vaccinated citizens. The available data suggest that vaccine registry systems could help increase vaccination coverage and aim in the control of future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papagiannis
- Public Health & Vaccines Lab, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2410684610
| | - Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Disorders Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gobert C, Semaille P, Van der Schueren T, Verger P, Dauby N. Prevalence and Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy and Vaccines Recommendation Discrepancies among General Practitioners in French-Speaking Parts of Belgium. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070771. [PMID: 34358187 PMCID: PMC8310255 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
General practitioners (GPs) play a critical role in patient acceptance of vaccination. Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is a growing phenomenon in the general population but also affects GPs. Few data exist on VH among GPs. The objectives of this analysis of a population of GPs in the Belgian Wallonia-Brussels Federation (WBF) were to: (1) determine the prevalence and the features of VH, (2) identify the correlates, and (3) estimate the discrepancy in vaccination’s behaviors between the GPs’ children and the recommendations made to their patients. An online survey was carried out among the population of general practitioners practicing in the WBF between 7 January and 18 March 2020. A hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out based on various dimensions of vaccine hesitancy: perception of the risks and the usefulness of vaccines as well as vaccine recommendations for their patients. A total of 251 GPs answered the survey. The average percentage of moderate to high vaccine hesitancy was 50.6%. Three factors were independently associated with increased risk of vaccine hesitancy: an age <50 years old, having no children, and having no contact with selected vaccine-preventable disease (measles, complicated influenza, chronic hepatitis B (HBV), bacterial meningitis, or cervical cancer) in the past 5 years. VH was associated with controversies on vaccines’ safety. GPs who had vaccinated their children against six diseases (MMR, meningococcus C (MenC), HBV, and HPV) tended not to recommend the same vaccines to their patients. Among GPs with all children vaccinated against HBV, only 37.5% recommended catch-up HBV immunization to their patients. In this small cohort of GP, moderate to high VH was associated with controversies on vaccines’ safety and with specific personal characteristics (age <50, no children, and no recent experience with a serious VPD). As previously reported, GPs have different vaccine prescription attitude toward their patients and children. These findings should be confirmed in larger cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Gobert
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium;
| | - Pascal Semaille
- Department of General Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium;
| | | | - Pierre Verger
- Southeastern Health Regional Observatory (ORS PACA), 13005 Marseille, France;
| | - Nicolas Dauby
- Department of Infectious Diseases, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium;
- School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mignot A, Le Maréchal M, Guimier L, Epaulard O. Mandatory vaccination in France: perception by outpatients and self-evaluation of its impact on their vaccine confidence. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4529-4534. [PMID: 34242127 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1949952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In France, for many vaccines, vaccine coverage is below the 95% cutoff. One reason is mistrust from a growing proportion of the general population toward vaccination. In 2017, a new law was promulgated, extending the number of mandatory vaccines from 3 to 11. Our objectives were twofold: to assess the population's perception of the extension of mandatory vaccination (MV) 1 year after its introduction, and to evaluate how it affected their vaccine confidence. We performed a descriptive cross-sectional study using a questionnaire for adults who consulted a family physician in south-east France. Overall, 453 questionnaires were analyzed. The median age of respondents (female 78.4%) was 43 years; 85% had children. On a 0 to 100 scale, respondents evaluated their confidence in vaccination at a median of 75 (IQR 50-90). For 60% of respondents, MV was a good public health measure; for 47%, it was poorly explained by the Ministry of Health; for 46%, it was a violation of personal freedom; and for 49%, it resulted from pharmaceutical industry lobbying. When asked about the influence of the extension of MV, only 26.2% declared that it had changed (a little/a lot) their opinion, and this change was for the majority (74.7%) toward less confidence. Respondents who declared an increased level of confidence already had a better perception of vaccination (and inversely). In conclusion, our results show that MV only changed the perception of vaccination among a small proportion of respondents. For most respondents, MV reinforced their initial views about vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alèthe Mignot
- Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Groupe de Recherche en Infectiologie Clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marion Le Maréchal
- Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Groupe de Recherche en Infectiologie Clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucie Guimier
- Institut Français De Géopolitique, Université Paris VIII, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Olivier Epaulard
- Infectious Disease Unit, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Groupe de Recherche en Infectiologie Clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vignier N, Brureau K, Granier S, Breton J, Michaud C, Gaillet M, Agostini C, Ballet M, Nacher M, Valdes A, Abboud P, Adenis A, Djossou F, Epelboin L, Douine M. Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine and Willingness to Get Vaccinated among Healthcare Workers in French Guiana: The Influence of Geographical Origin. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:682. [PMID: 34205613 PMCID: PMC8234955 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic and the expansion of the more transmissible 20J/501Y.V3 (Gamma) variant of concern (VOC), mRNA vaccines have been made available in French Guiana, an overseas French territory in South America, from mid-January 2021. This study aimed to estimate the willingness to be vaccinated and the socio-demographic and motivational correlates among Health Care Workers (HCWs) in French Guiana. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 22 to March 26, 2021 among a sample of HCWs in French Guiana. They were asked about their willingness to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy, vaccine uptake and vaccines attitudes. Factors associated with willingness to get vaccinated have been analyzed with ordinal logistic regression, using Stata software. Results: A total of 579 HCWs were interviewed, including 220 physicians and 200 nurses most often working in hospital (54%) or in the liberal sector (22%). Overall, 65.6% of respondents reported that they were willing or had already been vaccinated against COVID-19, while 24.3% of respondents reported that they did not want to get vaccinated against COVID-19 and 11.2% were unsure. HCWs were more willing to get vaccine if they were older, were worried about COVID-19 and were confident in the management of epidemic. Conversely, participants were less likely to have been vaccinated or willing to if they were nurses or of another non-medical profession, born in French Guiana, feared adverse effects, or if they did not trust pharmaceutical companies and management of the epidemic by authorities. Conclusion: Negative attitudes towards vaccines are a major public health concern among HCWs in French Guiana when considering the current active epidemic with Gamma VOC. General vaccine hesitancy and concerns about future side effects in particular represent important barriers. Low confidence in government and science are significant in COVID-19 vaccine refusal among non-medical staffs. Public health messaging with information on vaccine safety should be tailored to address these concerns. The specific challenges of HCWs from French Guiana must be taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Vignier
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
- Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Department of Social Epidemiology, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
- UFR SMBH, Faculté de Médecine, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 97300 Bobigny, France
| | - Kepha Brureau
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
- Département Universitaire de Médecine Générale, Université des Antilles, 97145 Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Sybille Granier
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
- Département Universitaire de Médecine Générale Montpellier-Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Breton
- Union Régionale des Professions de Santé—Médecins Libéraux de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France;
| | - Céline Michaud
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97300 Cayenne, France; (C.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mélanie Gaillet
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97300 Cayenne, France; (C.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Camille Agostini
- Centre Hospitalier Ouest Guyanais, 97320 Saint Laurent du Maroni, France;
| | - Mathilde Ballet
- Agence Régionale de la Santé de Guyane, 97300 Cayenne, France;
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
- Campus de Troubiran, DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, 97337 Cayenne, France; (F.D.); (L.E.)
| | - Audrey Valdes
- Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97306 Cayenne, France;
| | - Philippe Abboud
- Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97306 Cayenne, France;
| | - Antoine Adenis
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
- Campus de Troubiran, DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, 97337 Cayenne, France; (F.D.); (L.E.)
| | - Félix Djossou
- Campus de Troubiran, DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, 97337 Cayenne, France; (F.D.); (L.E.)
- Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97306 Cayenne, France;
| | - Loïc Epelboin
- Campus de Troubiran, DFR Santé, Université de Guyane, 97337 Cayenne, France; (F.D.); (L.E.)
- Unité des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, 97306 Cayenne, France;
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d’Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC Inserm 1424, DRISP, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne, Av des Flamboyants, 97300 Cayenne, France; (K.B.); (S.G.); (M.N.); (A.A.); (M.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tomljenovic M, Petrovic G, Antoljak N, Hansen L. Vaccination attitudes, beliefs and behaviours among primary health care workers in northern Croatia. Vaccine 2020; 39:738-745. [PMID: 33386176 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Primary health care workers (HCWs) provide almost all vaccine services in Croatia, so they play an essential role in vaccine recommendations and uptake. The aim of this study was to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy among primary HCWs, to identify differences between nurses and physicians in attitudes, beliefs and behaviours towards vaccination, and to determine predictors of vaccine hesitancy among HCWs. We conducted a cross-sectional study from July to December in 2018 among physicians and nurses employed in the services of epidemiology, public health, school medicine, pediatrics and general practice/family medicine in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, a primarily urban region with a population around 300 000 in the northern part of Croatia. The list of primary HCWs offices was obtained from the Croatian Health Insurance Fond website. We used a self-administered questionnaire on their attitudes, beliefs and behaviours relative to vaccination. Obtained response rate was 65.5% (324/495) of eligible primary HCWs; 64.1% (143/223) of physicians and 66.5% (181/272) of nurses. Seventeen percent of HCWs were identified as vaccine hesitant, and in univariate analysis, we observed an association between HCWs occupation and their own vaccination against flu (p = 0.001), measles (p = 0.016) and HPV (p = 0.025). Nurses and physicians differed (p < 0.001) in their general attitude, beliefs and behaviours towards vaccination, with a higher level of hesitancy among nurses. In multiple logistic regression, those more likely to be vaccine-hesitant were nurses (AOR = 5.73, 95%CI = 2.48-13.24), those who were uncertain or would never receive a vaccine against measles (AOR=11.13; 95%CI=5.37-23.10) and HPV (AOR=5.02; 95%CI=2.60-9.74), as well as those who had encountered a serious adverse event following immunization (AOR=7.55; 95%CI=3.13-19.18). As personal hesitancy may have a negative impact on vaccination education and recommendations, and therefore vaccine coverage, it is necessary to implement interventions to increase vaccination knowledge and confidence among primary health care workers, especially nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morana Tomljenovic
- School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Brace Branchetta 20/1, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Goranka Petrovic
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller Street 7, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nataša Antoljak
- Croatian Institute of Public Health, Rockefeller Street 7, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 3, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lisa Hansen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yörük S, Türkmen H, Durgut A, Erbek M. Vaccine mistrust among family healthcare professionals and vaccine hesitancy in the communities they serve in Turkey in 2019: a cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:3155-3162. [PMID: 33121313 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1806671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aims to determine the causes of vaccine mistrust among family healthcare professionals (FHP) in the unit where they serve and vaccine hesitancy of families. METHOD The study group consisted of 682 FHPs working in a primary health care institution. The data collection tools of the study included a sociodemographic data form and a vaccine hesitancy data form. Pearson's chi-square analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the data. FINDINGS To the question of "Do you trust the active ingredient in the vaccines?", only 2.1% of FHPs responded "I do not trust" and 18.9% answered "I am indecisive". 70.7% of FHPs said that at least one vaccine hesitant family was in the unit where they served. The most important reasons stated by FHPs on behalf of such families were vaccine mistrust (73.2%), the belief that they may be harmful for the child (58.7%), and the belief that vaccines cause autism (55.6%). In the univariate analysis, vaccine mistrust was significantly higher in FHPs who were measles-hesitant and responded "The decision to get vaccinated or not should belong to the family voluntarily". From logistic regression analysis, vaccine mistrust in FHPs increased 2.8-fold for those who did not think vaccination should be compulsory, 2.7-fold for those who did not think that vaccination refusal should be legally enforced, and 1.61-fold for those under age 35 years. CONCLUSION It was observed that FHPs had high sensitivity and positive attitudes toward vaccination in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selda Yörük
- Balıkesir University, School of Health, Department of Midwifery, Cagis Campus , Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Hülya Türkmen
- Balıkesir University, School of Health, Department of Midwifery, Cagis Campus , Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Durgut
- Altieylul 2 Number Family Health Center , Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Meliz Erbek
- Altieylul 2 Number Family Health Center , Balikesir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Silhol J, Ventelou B, Zaytseva A. How French general practitioners respond to declining medical density: a study on prescription practices, with an insight into opioids use. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2020; 21:1391-1398. [PMID: 32748104 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-020-01222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Disparities in physicians' geographical distribution lead to highly unequal access to healthcare, which may impact quality of care in both high and low-income countries. This paper uses a 2013-2014 nationally representative survey of French general practitioners (GPs) matched with corresponding administrative data to analyze the effects of practicing in an area with weaker medical density. To avoid the endogeneity issue on physicians' choice of the location, we enriched our variable of interest, practicing in a relatively underserved area, with considering changes in medical density between 2007 and 2013, thus isolating GPs who only recently experienced a density decline (identifying assumption). We find that GPs practicing in underserved areas do shorter consultations and tend to substitute time-consuming procedures with alternatives requiring fewer human resources, especially for pain management. Results are robust to considering only GPs newly exposed to low medical density. Findings suggest a significant impact of supply-side shortages on the mix of healthcare services used to treat patients, and point to a plausible increased use of painkillers, opioids in particular.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Silhol
- Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (Insee), Montrouge, France
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EHESS, Centrale Marseille, AMSE, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Ventelou
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EHESS, Centrale Marseille, AMSE, Marseille, France.
| | - Anna Zaytseva
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, EHESS, Centrale Marseille, AMSE, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The role of alternative and complementary medical practices in vaccine hesitancy among nurses: A cross-sectional survey in Brittany. Infect Dis Now 2020; 52:159-163. [PMID: 33039553 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given today's increasing calling into question of vaccination, we have studied possible connections between alternative and complementary medical practices (CAM) and vaccine hesitancy (VH) among nurses. METHOD Ours was a cross-sectional study by self-administered online questionnaire addressed to a panel of nurses in Brittany. After adjustment for other proximal and distal determinants of VH, we examined the impact of CAM use. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regressions confirmed the existence of a link between CAM and VH. While trust in medical institutions seems to have an important role, CAM use appears largely independent of VH. CONCLUSION Association between CAM and VH in nurses raises the question not only of their training with respect to these alternative practices, but also of the role of medical institutions in the training of practitioners availing themselves of the latter.
Collapse
|
18
|
Perceptions of French healthcare students of vaccines and the impact of conducting an intervention in health promotion. Vaccine 2020; 38:6794-6799. [PMID: 32896467 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perceptions of healthcare students of vaccines have been poorly explored and appropriate training strategies to address possible confidence gaps concerning vaccination for these future professionals is still a subject of debate. METHODS A questionnaire to assess the perceptions of vaccination and the feeling of preparedness to address patient concerns was submitted to 874 multidisciplinary healthcare students enrolled in the French program "Service Sanitaire des Etudiants en Santé" (SSES). The evolution of their perceptions during the year and the impact of having performed a primary prevention intervention in the context of the SSES program were assessed. RESULTS In total, 530 students of nursing (42.5%), medicine (31.5%), physiotherapy (11.3%), pharmacy (10.9%), and midwifery (3.8%) completed the questionnaires. Among them, 7.0% carried out an intervention within the topic "vaccination and hygiene" and 93.0% within another topic ("nutrition and physical activity" or "addiction"). A portion of the students showed traits of vaccine hesitancy, including specific concerns about side effects (61.5%) or the number of vaccines in the vaccination schedule (30.0%). They felt ill prepared to address vaccine-hesitant patients, with poor confidence of their knowledge about vaccines (52.5%), their ability to inform patients about the side effects (42.5%), the benefit/risk of adjuvants (51.7%), and the rules for introducing a new vaccine (51.9%). They showed significant differences in perception depending on their curriculum. Misconceptions and hesitancy concerning vaccines were significantly improved after the students had performed the primary prevention intervention, regardless of the topic. CONCLUSIONS A portion of French healthcare students show traits of vaccine hesitancy, with significant differences depending on the courses attended. Programs of health promotion, such as the French SSES program, which includes a primary prevention intervention conducted by multidisciplinary groups of students, may improve the global confidence of healthcare students concerning vaccination.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kopp A, Mangin O, Gantzer L, Lekens B, Simoneau G, Ravelomanantsoa M, Evans J, Bergmann JF, Sellier P. Pneumococcal vaccination coverage in France by general practitioners in adults with a high risk of pneumococcal disease. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 17:162-169. [PMID: 32429734 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1756669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), also leads to exacerbations, hospitalizations, and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and congestive heart failure (CHF). The risk of CAP is increased in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease is increased in HIV-infected patients. Pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for these patients in France. The objective was a large survey of pneumococcal vaccination coverage (PVC) by general practitioners (GPs) in these patients in France. Diagnosis and treatment forms were extracted from the database of 2000 GPs. The GPs and population panels were representative of the metropolitan populations. The primary endpoint was the comparison of PVC in the adult patients diagnosed with COPD, CHF, DM, or HIV infection during the study (April 2013-April 2017) and the control (March 2012-March 2013) periods. Of the 17,865 and 4,690 patients identified, 756 (4%) and 267 (6%) were vaccinated, respectively. During the study period, the PVC was significantly higher (35/282, 12%) in HIV-infected patients and lower in patients with DM (95/5994, 2%) than in other patients. Even though French pneumococcal vaccine recommendations in adults were updated in 2013, the PVC did not increase according to the years of the study period and slightly increased according to time after diagnosis. S. pneumoniae is responsible only for some CAP and meningitis, and incomplete protection by vaccine, hesitancy from practitioners and patients, and the moving schedule of vaccination could explain the results. New tools and/or strategies must be implemented to increase PVC in France. Abbreviations: CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases; CHF: congestive heart failure; DM: diabetes mellitus; IPD: invasive pneumococcal disease; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; PVC: pneumococcal vaccination coverage; PCV7: 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PCV13: 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PPSV23: 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; GPs: general practitioners; CLM: Cegedim Logiciels Médicaux; MLM: monLogicielMedical; ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases; CNIL: Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés; HPV: human papillomavirus; HBV: hepatitis B virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Kopp
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| | - Olivier Mangin
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| | - Laurène Gantzer
- Cegedim Logiciels Médicaux (CLM®), GERSDATA, GERS SAS , Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Béranger Lekens
- Cegedim Logiciels Médicaux (CLM®), GERSDATA, GERS SAS , Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Guy Simoneau
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| | | | - John Evans
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Bergmann
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| | - Pierre Sellier
- Département de Médecine Interne, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, AP-HP , Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pulido CM, Ruiz-Eugenio L, Redondo-Sama G, Villarejo-Carballido B. A New Application of Social Impact in Social Media for Overcoming Fake News in Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072430. [PMID: 32260048 DOI: 10.1177/0268580920914755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges today is to face fake news (false information) in health due to its potential impact on people's lives. This article contributes to a new application of social impact in social media (SISM) methodology. This study focuses on the social impact of the research to identify what type of health information is false and what type of information is evidence of the social impact shared in social media. The analysis of social media includes Reddit, Facebook, and Twitter. This analysis contributes to identifying how interactions in these forms of social media depend on the type of information shared. The results indicate that messages focused on fake health information are mostly aggressive, those based on evidence of social impact are respectful and transformative, and finally, deliberation contexts promoted in social media overcome false information about health. These results contribute to advancing knowledge in overcoming fake health-related news shared in social media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Pulido
- Department of Journalism and Communication Studies, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, Plaça Cívica, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Eugenio
- Department of Theory and History of Education, University of Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes, 585, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Redondo-Sama
- Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Deusto, Unibertsitate Etorb., 24, 48007 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Villarejo-Carballido
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Unibertsitate Etorb., 24, 48007 Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Daudel L, Mary J, Epaulard O. Perception of mandatory infant vaccines and trust in vaccination among first-year healthcare students: An opportunity window for the training of future healthcare workers. Vaccine 2019; 38:794-799. [PMID: 31708179 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A high level of vaccine hesitancy is observed in France; to maintain a high level of vaccine coverage, a policy of mandatory vaccines has been applied since January 2019. As vaccine hesitancy has been described among healthcare workers, we aimed to assess the adhesion to vaccination in students enrolled in the first common year of healthcare studies (PACES), and their perceptions regarding the mandatory vaccine policy. METHODS We elaborated an anonymous online questionnaire and asked the 35 French universities offering PACES studies to diffuse it to their students; 26 accepted. RESULTS Overall, 4326 participants completed the questionnaire (age 18.7 ± 1.5 years, female 76.1%). They evaluated vaccine usefulness and harmfulness at a median of 90 [IQT:80-100] and 25 [IQT:10-50], respectively; on the same scale, their median trust in vaccines was 82 [IQT:70-94]. Among the five main age classes (17 to 21 years), the positive perceptions of vaccination declined with age. A majority declared that making vaccines mandatory was morally and scientifically justified (65.7% and 84.7%, respectively); in response to the questionnaire showing a blatant anti-mandatory vaccine billboard, 52.3% and 28.6%, respectively, strongly disagreed or rather disagreed with it. Again, these proportions declined between 17 and 21 years. Participants were asked whether the mandatory vaccine policy would improve their perceptions of vaccination; those with poorer perceptions were less likely to answer this question positively. CONCLUSION The perceptions of vaccination and the recent mandatory vaccine policy are positive in first-year students but better in younger ones, thus suggesting that vaccination should be taught early, during this study year. The mandatory vaccine policy may not improve the perceptions of those with a high level of vaccine hesitancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lola Daudel
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; Fédération d'Infectiologie Multidisciplinaire de l'Arc Alpin, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jessica Mary
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; Fédération d'Infectiologie Multidisciplinaire de l'Arc Alpin, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Epaulard
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France; Fédération d'Infectiologie Multidisciplinaire de l'Arc Alpin, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Darbois N, Evain JN, Guillaud A, Lilot M, Pinsault N. [Open heart surgery under acupuncture ? Decrypting a program broadcast on France 2]. SANTE PUBLIQUE 2018; 30:455-464. [PMID: 30540134 DOI: 10.3917/spub.185.0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze a clip from the program ? Acupuncture, osteopathy, hypnosis: do complementary medicines have superpowers ? about acupuncture as an anesthetic for surgical procedures in China. To propose a rational explanation for the phenomena observed. To describe the processes leading a public service broadcasting channel to offer this type of content at prime time and the potential consequences in terms of public health. METHOD Analysis using critical thinking attitudes and skills, along with a bibliographical search of Medline, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library databases. RESULTS The information delivered in the television clip is ambiguous. It does not allow the viewer to form an informed opinion on the relevance of acupuncture as an anesthetic for surgical procedures. It is reasonable to assume that the clip shows surgery performed with undisclosed epidural anesthesia coupled with mild intravenous anesthesia, sometimes performed in other countries. What needs to be highlighted here is the overestimation of acupuncture added to the protocol. The media tend to exaggerate the risks and expected effects of the treatments they report on, which can lead patients to turn to unproven therapies. CONCLUSION Broadcasting such a clip at prime time underlines the urgent need for the public and all health professionals to be trained in sorting and critically analyzing health information.
Collapse
|
23
|
The paradox of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare professionals. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 24:799-800. [PMID: 29649595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|