1
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Susukida T, Sasaki SI, Shirayanagi T, Aoki S, Ito K, Hayakawa Y. Drug-induced altered self-presentation increases tumor immunogenicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115241. [PMID: 37523987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug abacavir (ABC) binds to the specific allele of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B*57:01) and activates CD8+ T cells by presenting altered abnormal peptides. Here, we examined the effect of ABC-induced altered self-presentation by HLA-B*57:01 on immunogenicity of cancer cells and CD8+ T-cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity. We established human-mouse chimeric HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumor cell lines (B16F10 and 3LL) and tested the anti-tumor effect of ABC in vivo. ABC treatment inhibited the growth of HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumors by a CD8+ T-cell-dependent mechanism. ABC treatment induced CXCR3-dependent infiltration of CD8+ T cells into HLA-B*57:01-expressing tumors, and activated those tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells to proliferate and secrete IFN-γ. The activation of CD8+ T cells using drug-induced altered self-presentation may be a new strategy to increase tumor immunogenicity and improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Susukida
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - So-Ichiro Sasaki
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shirayanagi
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeki Aoki
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kousei Ito
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Immunology, Section of Host Defences, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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2
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Huan X, Zhuo N, Lee HY, Ren EC. Allopurinol non-covalently facilitates binding of unconventional peptides to HLA-B*58:01. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9373. [PMID: 37296297 PMCID: PMC10256732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Allopurinol, widely used in gout treatment, is the most common cause of severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions. The risk of developing such life-threatening reactions is increased particularly for HLA-B*58:01 positive individuals. However the mechanism of action between allopurinol and HLA remains unknown. We demonstrate here that a Lamin A/C peptide KAGQVVTI which is unable to bind HLA-B*58:01 on its own, is enabled to form a stable peptide-HLA complex only in the presence of allopurinol. Crystal structure analysis reveal that allopurinol non-covalently facilitated KAGQVVTI to adopt an unusual binding conformation, whereby the C-terminal isoleucine does not engage as a PΩ that typically fit deeply in the binding F-pocket. A similar observation, though to a lesser degree was seen with oxypurinol. Presentation of unconventional peptides by HLA-B*58:01 aided by allopurinol contributes to our fundamental understanding of drug-HLA interactions. The binding of peptides from endogenously available proteins such as self-protein lamin A/C and viral protein EBNA3B suggest that aberrant loading of unconventional peptides in the presence of allopurinol or oxypurinol may be able to trigger anti-self reactions that can lead to Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Huan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SigN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Nicole Zhuo
- Singapore Immunology Network (SigN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Haur Yueh Lee
- Allergy Center and Department of Dermatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Singapore
| | - Ee Chee Ren
- Singapore Immunology Network (SigN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, 138648, Singapore.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117545, Singapore.
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3
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Stojanova J, Day RO, Suthers G. Avoiding severe drug hypersensitivity reactions: a case for HLA genotyping for at-risk patients. Med J Aust 2023; 218:441-444. [PMID: 37270788 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard O Day
- St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, NSW
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW
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4
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Jiang M, Yang F, Zhang L, Xu D, Jia Y, Cheng Y, Han S, Wang T, Chen Z, Su Y, Zhu Z, Chen S, Zhang J, Wang L, Yang L, Yang J, Luo X, Xing Q. Unique motif shared by HLA-B*59:01 and HLA-B*55:02 is associated with methazolamide-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Han Chinese. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:873-880. [PMID: 35122707 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methazolamide (MTZ) has been occasionally linked to the lethal Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which are associated with HLA-B*59:01. However, some MTZ-induced SJS/TEN (MTZ-SJS/TEN) cases are negative for HLA-B*59:01, implying that other genetic factors besides HLA-B*59:01 are contributing to MTZ-SJS/TEN. OBJECTIVES To comprehensively identify HLA and non-HLA genetic susceptibility to MTZ-SJS/TEN in Han Chinese. METHODS Eighteen patients with MTZ-SJS/TEN, 806 subjects of the population control and 74 MTZ-tolerant individuals were enrolled in this study. Both exome-wide and HLA-based association studies were conducted. Molecular docking analysis was employed to simulate the interactions between MTZ and risk HLA proteins. RESULTS We found a strong signal in the major histocompatibility complex region on chromosome 6 with 22 SNPs reaching exome-wide significance. Compared with MTZ-tolerant controls, a significant association of HLA-B*59:01 with MTZ-SJS/TEN was validated (odds ratio [OR] = 146.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.12-1321.98; P = 6.19 × 10-10 ). Moreover, 66.7% of MTZ-SJS/TEN patients negative for HLA-B*59:01 were carriers of HLA-B*55:02, while 2.7% of the tolerant individuals were observed with HLA-B*55:02 (OR = 71.00, 95% CI: 7.84-643.10; P = 1.43 × 10-4 ). Within HLA-B protein, the E45-L116 motif could completely explain the association of HLA-B*59:01 and HLA-B*55:02 with MTZ-SJS/TEN (OR = 119.33, 95% CI: 29.19-1227.96; P = 4.36 × 10-13 ). Molecular docking analysis indicated that MTZ binds more stably to the pocket of HLA-B*59:01 and HLA-B*55:02 than to that of non-risk alleles of HLA-B*40:01 and HLA-C*01:02. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the association of HLA-B*59:01 with MTZ-SJS/TEN and identified HLA-B*55:02 as a novel risk allele in Han Chinese with the largest sample size to date. Notably, the rs41562914(A)-rs12697944(A) haplotype, encoding E45-L116, is capable of serving as a powerful genetic predictor for MTZ-SJS/TEN with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jiang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - F Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - D Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Y Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - S Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - T Wang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Y Su
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - J Zhang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Q Xing
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
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5
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Moyer AM, Gandhi MJ. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Testing in Pharmacogenomics. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2547:21-45. [PMID: 36068459 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2573-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The genetic region on the short arm of chromosome 6 where the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are located is the major histocompatibility complex. The genes in this region are highly polymorphic, and some loci have a high degree of homology with other genes and pseudogenes. Histocompatibility testing has traditionally been performed in the setting of transplantation and involves determining which specific alleles are present. Several HLA alleles have been associated with disease risk or increased risk of adverse drug reaction (ADR) when treated with certain medications. Testing for these applications differs from traditional histocompatibility in that the desired result is simply presence or absence of the allele of interest, rather than determining which allele is present. At present, the majority of HLA typing is done by molecular methods using commercially available kits. A subset of pharmacogenomics laboratories has developed their own methods, and in some cases, query single nucleotide variants associated with certain HLA alleles rather than directly testing for the allele. In this chapter, a brief introduction to the HLA system is provided, followed by an overview of a variety of testing technologies including those specifically used in pharmacogenomics, and the chapter concludes with details regarding specific HLA alleles associated with ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Moyer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Manish J Gandhi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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6
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Aparicio-Soto M, Curato C, Riedel F, Thierse HJ, Luch A, Siewert K. In Vitro Monitoring of Human T Cell Responses to Skin Sensitizing Chemicals-A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010083. [PMID: 35011644 PMCID: PMC8750770 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemical allergies are T cell-mediated diseases that often manifest in the skin as allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). To prevent ACD on a public health scale and avoid elicitation reactions at the individual patient level, predictive and diagnostic tests, respectively, are indispensable. Currently, there is no validated in vitro T cell assay available. The main bottlenecks concern the inefficient generation of T cell epitopes and the detection of rare antigen-specific T cells. Methods: Here, we systematically review original experimental research papers describing T cell activation to chemical skin sensitizers. We focus our search on studies published in the PubMed and Scopus databases on non-metallic allergens in the last 20 years. Results: We identified 37 papers, among them 32 (86%) describing antigen-specific human T cell activation to 31 different chemical allergens. The remaining studies measured the general effects of chemical allergens on T cell function (five studies, 14%). Most antigen-specific studies used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as antigen-presenting cells (APC, 75%) and interrogated the blood T cell pool (91%). Depending on the individual chemical properties, T cell epitopes were generated either by direct administration into the culture medium (72%), separate modification of autologous APC (29%) or by use of hapten-modified model proteins (13%). Read-outs were mainly based on proliferation (91%), often combined with cytokine secretion (53%). The analysis of T cell clones offers additional opportunities to elucidate the mechanisms of epitope formation and cross-reactivity (13%). The best researched allergen was p-phenylenediamine (PPD, 12 studies, 38%). For this and some other allergens, stronger immune responses were observed in some allergic patients (15/31 chemicals, 48%), illustrating the in vivo relevance of the identified T cells while detection limits remain challenging in many cases. Interpretation: Our results illustrate current hardships and possible solutions to monitoring T cell responses to individual chemical skin sensitizers. The provided data can guide the further development of T cell assays to unfold their full predictive and diagnostic potential, including cross-reactivity assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aparicio-Soto
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Caterina Curato
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Franziska Riedel
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hermann-Josef Thierse
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (M.A.-S.); (C.C.); (F.R.); (H.-J.T.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)30-18412-57001
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7
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Jeiziner C, Wernli U, Suter K, Hersberger KE, Meyer zu Schwabedissen HE. HLA-associated adverse drug reactions - scoping review. Clin Transl Sci 2021; 14:1648-1658. [PMID: 34105877 PMCID: PMC8504845 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system have been associated with the occurrence of idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Accordingly, it is assumed that pre-emptive testing for the presence of certain HLA alleles (HLA-typing) could prevent these ADRs in carriers. In order to perceive the current evidence for HLA-associated ADRs, we conducted a scoping review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The literature search on PubMed and on Embase was carried out on the July 8 and 9, 2020, respectively. To be included in the scoping review, the studies had to investigate an association of any HLA-associated ADR with any small molecule approved and available on the Swiss market. We considered English and German primary literature published since 2002. A total of 149 studies were included, whereof most were retrospective, whereas one was a prospective randomized controlled trial. The majority of the studies (n = 33) described the association of HLA-B*15:02 with carbamazepine. It was not possible to directly compare the studies, as they were too heterogeneous in terms of the ADR definition, the HLA alleles, the number of participants, and the study types. Therefore, we summarized the results in a descriptive manner. Even if an interpretation of the outcomes remains open, the descriptive overview revealed the prevailing complexity and uncertainty in the field. For the future, consistent definitions on the different phenotypes need to be established and applied and the reporting of association studies should follow a harmonized structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Jeiziner
- Pharmaceutical Care Research GroupDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Ursina Wernli
- Pharmaceutical Care Research GroupDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Katja Suter
- European Center of Pharmaceutical MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Kurt E. Hersberger
- Pharmaceutical Care Research GroupDepartment of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
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8
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Genetic meta-analysis of cancer diagnosis following statin use identifies new associations and implicates human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in women. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2021; 21:446-457. [PMID: 33649522 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-021-00221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We sought to perform a genomic evaluation of the risk of incident cancer in statin users, free of cancer at study entry. Patients who previously participated in two phase IV trials (TNT and IDEAL) with genetic data were used (npooled = 11,196). A GWAS meta-analysis using Cox modeling for the prediction of incident cancer was conducted in the pooled cohort and sex-stratified. rs13210472 (near HLA-DOA gene) was associated with higher risk of incident cancer amongst women with prevalent coronary artery disease (CAD) taking statins (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.88-3.76, P = 3.5 × 10-8). Using the UK Biobank and focusing exclusively on women statin users with CAD (nfemale = 2952), rs13210472 remained significantly associated with incident cancer (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.14-2.56, P = 9.0 × 10-3). The association was not observed in non-statin users. In this genetic meta-analysis, we have identified a variant in women statin users with prevalent CAD that was associated with incident cancer, possibly implicating the human leukocyte antigen pathway.
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9
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Illing PT, van Hateren A, Darley R, Croft NP, Mifsud NA, King S, Kostenko L, Bharadwaj M, McCluskey J, Elliott T, Purcell AW. Kinetics of Abacavir-Induced Remodelling of the Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Peptide Repertoire. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672737. [PMID: 34093574 PMCID: PMC8170132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abacavir hypersensitivity syndrome can occur in individuals expressing the HLA-B*57:01 major histocompatibility complex class I allotype when utilising the drug abacavir as a part of their anti-retroviral regimen. The drug is known to bind within the HLA-B*57:01 antigen binding cleft, leading to the selection of novel self-peptide ligands, thus provoking life-threatening immune responses. However, the sub-cellular location of abacavir binding and the mechanics of altered peptide selection are not well understood. Here, we probed the impact of abacavir on the assembly of HLA-B*57:01 peptide complexes. We show that whilst abacavir had minimal impact on the maturation or average stability of HLA-B*57:01 molecules, abacavir was able to differentially enhance the formation, selectively decrease the dissociation, and alter tapasin loading dependency of certain HLA-B*57:01-peptide complexes. Our data reveals a spectrum of abacavir mediated effects on the immunopeptidome which reconciles the heterogeneous functional T cell data reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia T. Illing
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Andy van Hateren
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Darley
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan P. Croft
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole A. Mifsud
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Samuel King
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lyudmila Kostenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mandvi Bharadwaj
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Elliott
- Institute for Life Sciences and Centre for Cancer Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Weiß KT, Schreiver I, Siewert K, Luch A, Haslböck B, Berneburg M, Bäumler W. Tattoos – mehr als nur kolorierte Haut? Auf der Suche nach Tattoo‐Allergenen. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:657-671. [PMID: 33979044 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14436_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina T Weiß
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
| | - Ines Schreiver
- Abteilung Chemikalien- und Produktsicherheit, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Berlin
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Abteilung Chemikalien- und Produktsicherheit, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Berlin
| | - Andreas Luch
- Abteilung Chemikalien- und Produktsicherheit, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Berlin
| | - Birgit Haslböck
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
| | - Wolfgang Bäumler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
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11
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Weiß KT, Schreiver I, Siewert K, Luch A, Haslböck B, Berneburg M, Bäumler W. Tattoos - more than just colored skin? Searching for tattoo allergens. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:657-669. [PMID: 33955682 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During tattooing, a high amount of ink is injected into the skin. Tattoo inks contain numerous substances such as the coloring pigments, impurities, solvents, emulsifiers, and preservatives. Black amorphous carbon particles (carbon black), white titanium dioxide, azo or polycyclic pigments create all varieties of color shades in the visible spectrum. Some ingredients of tattoo inks might be hazardous and allergenic chemicals of unknown potential. In Germany, about 20 % of the general population is tattooed and related adverse reactions are increasingly reported. Since tattoo needles inevitably harm the skin, microorganisms can enter the wound and may cause infections. Non-allergic inflammatory reactions (for example cutaneous granuloma and pseudolymphoma) as well as allergic reactions may emerge during or after wound healing. Especially with allergies occurring after weeks, months or years, it remains difficult to identify the specific ingredient(s) that trigger the reaction. This review summarizes possible adverse effects related to tattooing with a focus on the development of tattoo-mediated allergies. To date, relevant allergens were only identified in rare cases. Here we present established methods and discuss current experimental approaches to identify culprit allergens in tattoo inks - via testing of the patient and in vitro approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina T Weiß
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ines Schreiver
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Haslböck
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mark Berneburg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Bäumler
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Gastaldello A, Ramarathinam SH, Bailey A, Owen R, Turner S, Kontouli N, Elliott T, Skipp P, Purcell AW, Siddle HV. The immunopeptidomes of two transmissible cancers and their host have a common, dominant peptide motif. Immunology 2021; 163:169-184. [PMID: 33460454 PMCID: PMC8114214 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible cancers are malignant cells that can spread between individuals of a population, akin to both a parasite and a mobile graft. The survival of the Tasmanian devil, the largest remaining marsupial carnivore, is threatened by the remarkable emergence of two independent lineages of transmissible cancer, devil facial tumour (DFT) 1 and devil facial tumour 2 (DFT2). To aid the development of a vaccine and to interrogate how histocompatibility barriers can be overcome, we analysed the peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC‐I) molecules from Tasmanian devil cells and representative cell lines of each transmissible cancer. Here, we show that DFT1 + IFN‐γ and DFT2 cell lines express a restricted repertoire of MHC‐I allotypes compared with fibroblast cells, potentially reducing the breadth of peptide presentation. Comparison of the peptidomes from DFT1 + IFNγ, DFT2 and host fibroblast cells demonstrates a dominant motif, despite differences in MHC‐I allotypes between the cell lines, with preference for a hydrophobic leucine residue at position 3 and position Ω of peptides. DFT1 and DFT2 both present peptides derived from neural proteins, which reflects a shared cellular origin that could be exploited for vaccine design. These results suggest that polymorphisms in MHC‐I molecules between tumours and host can be ‘hidden’ by a common peptide motif, providing the potential for permissive passage of infectious cells and demonstrating complexity in mammalian histocompatibility barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sri H Ramarathinam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alistair Bailey
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Rachel Owen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Steven Turner
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - N Kontouli
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Tim Elliott
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paul Skipp
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hannah V Siddle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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13
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Goh SJR, Tuomisto JEE, Purcell AW, Mifsud NA, Illing PT. The complexity of T cell-mediated penicillin hypersensitivity reactions. Allergy 2021; 76:150-167. [PMID: 32383256 DOI: 10.1111/all.14355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Penicillin refers to a group of beta-lactam antibiotics that are the first-line treatment for a range of infections. However, they also possess the ability to form novel antigens, or neoantigens, through haptenation of proteins and can stimulate a range of immune-mediated adverse reactions-collectively known as drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs). IgE-mediated reactions towards these neoantigens are well studied; however, IgE-independent reactions are less well understood. These reactions usually manifest in a delayed manner as different forms of cutaneous eruptions or liver injury consistent with priming of an immune response. Ex vivo studies have confirmed the infiltration of T cells into the site of inflammation, and the subsets of T cells involved appear dependent on the nature of the reaction. Here, we review the evidence that has led to our current understanding of these immune-mediated reactions, discussing the nature of the lesional T cells, the characterization of drug-responsive T cells isolated from patient blood, and the potential mechanisms by which penicillins enter the antigen processing and presentation pathway to stimulate these deleterious responses. Thus, we highlight the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying genetic and molecular basis of penicillin-induced DHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn J. R. Goh
- Infection and Immunity Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - Johanna E. E. Tuomisto
- Infection and Immunity Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - Anthony W. Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - Nicole A. Mifsud
- Infection and Immunity Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - Patricia T. Illing
- Infection and Immunity Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Monash University Clayton Vic. Australia
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14
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Aparicio‐Soto M, Riedel F, Leddermann M, Bacher P, Scheffold A, Kuhl H, Timmermann B, Chudakov DM, Molin S, Worm M, Heine G, Thierse H, Luch A, Siewert K. TCRs with segment TRAV9-2 or a CDR3 histidine are overrepresented among nickel-specific CD4+ T cells. Allergy 2020; 75:2574-2586. [PMID: 32298488 DOI: 10.1111/all.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nickel is the most frequent cause of T cell-mediated allergic contact dermatitis worldwide. In vitro, CD4+ T cells from all donors respond to nickel but the involved αβ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire has not been comprehensively analyzed. METHODS We introduce CD154 (CD40L) upregulation as a fast, unbiased, and quantitative method to detect nickel-specific CD4+ T cells ex vivo in blood of clinically characterized allergic and non allergic donors. Naïve (CCR7+ CD45RA+) and memory (not naïve) CD154+ CD4+ T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry after 5 hours of stimulation with 200 µmol/L NiSO4 ., TCR α- and β-chains of sorted nickel-specific and control cells were studied by high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS Stimulation of PBMCs with NiSO4 induced CD154 expression on ~0.1% (mean) of naïve and memory CD4+ T cells. In allergic donors with recent positive patch test, memory frequencies further increased ~13-fold and were associated with markers of in vivo activation. CD154 expression was TCR-mediated since single clones could be specifically restimulated. Among nickel-specific CD4+ T cells of allergic and non allergic donors, TCRs expressing the α-chain segment TRAV9-2 or a histidine in their α- or β-chain complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) were highly overrepresented. CONCLUSIONS Induced CD154 expression represents a reliable method to study nickel-specific CD4+ T cells. TCRs with particular features respond in all donors, while strongly increased blood frequencies indicate nickel allergy for some donors. Our approach may be extended to other contact allergens for the further development of diagnostic and predictive in vitro tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Aparicio‐Soto
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
| | - Franziska Riedel
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
| | - Melanie Leddermann
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
| | - Petra Bacher
- Institute of Immunology Christian‐Albrechts Universität zu Kiel and Universitätsklinik Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology Christian‐Albrechts Universität zu Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Alexander Scheffold
- Institute of Immunology Christian‐Albrechts Universität zu Kiel and Universitätsklinik Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Heiner Kuhl
- Sequencing Core Facility Max‐Planck‐Institute of Molecular Genetics Berlin Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Sequencing Core Facility Max‐Planck‐Institute of Molecular Genetics Berlin Germany
| | - Dmitriy M. Chudakov
- Genomics of Adaptive Immunity Department Shemyakin‐Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University Moscow Russia
- Center of Molecular Medicine CEITEC Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Sonja Molin
- Division of Dermatology Queen's University Kingston ON Canada
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Guido Heine
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy University Hospital Schleswig‐Holstein Kiel Germany
| | - Hermann‐Josef Thierse
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Berlin Germany
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15
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Álvaro-Benito M, Freund C. Revisiting nonclassical HLA II functions in antigen presentation: Peptide editing and its modulation. HLA 2020; 96:415-429. [PMID: 32767512 DOI: 10.1111/tan.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The nonclassical major histocompatibility complex of class II molecules (ncMHCII) HLA-DM (DM) and HLA-DO (DO) feature essential functions for the selection of the peptides that are displayed by classical MHCII proteins (MHCII) for CD4+ Th cell surveillance. Thus, although the binding groove of classical MHCII dictates the main features of the peptides displayed, ncMHCII function defines the preferential loading of peptides from specific cellular compartments and the extent to which they are presented. DM acts as a chaperone for classical MHCII molecules facilitating peptide exchange and thereby favoring the binding of peptide-MHCII complexes of high kinetic stability mostly in late endosomal compartments. DO on the other hand binds to DM blocking its peptide-editing function in B cells and thymic epithelial cells, limiting DM activity in these cellular subsets. DM and DO distinct expression patterns therefore define specific antigen presentation profiles that select unique peptide pools for each set of antigen presenting cell. We have come a long way understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of such distinct editing profiles and start to grasp the implications for ncMHCII biological function. DM acts as filter for the selection of immunodominant, pathogen-derived epitopes while DO blocks DM activity under certain physiological conditions to promote tolerance to self. Interestingly, recent findings have shown that the unexplored and neglected ncMHCII genetic diversity modulates retroviral infection in mouse, and affects human ncMHCII function. This review aims at highlighting the importance of ncMHCII function for CD4+ Th cell responses while integrating and evaluating what could be the impact of distinct editing profiles because of natural genetic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Álvaro-Benito
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute für Chemie und Biochemie, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Institute für Chemie und Biochemie, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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16
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Abstract
Metal exposure is pervasive and not limited to sporadic poisoning events or toxic waste sites. Hundreds of millions of people around the globe are affected by chronic metal exposure, which is associated with serious health concerns, including cancer, as demonstrated in a variety of studies at the molecular, systemic, and epidemiologic levels. Metal-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity are sophisticated and complex in nature. This review provides a broad context and holistic view of currently available studies on the mechanisms of metal-induced carcinogenesis. Specifically, we focus on the five most prevalent carcinogenic metals, arsenic, nickel, cadmium, chromium, and beryllium, and their potential to drive carcinogenesis in humans. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms behind the development of metal-induced cancer can provide valuable insights for therapeutic intervention involving molecular targets in metal-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yi Chen
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Thomas DesMarais
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
| | - Max Costa
- Departments of Environmental Medicine, and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA;
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17
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Profaizer T, Pole A, Monds C, Delgado JC, Lázár-Molnár E. Clinical utility of next generation sequencing based HLA typing for disease association and pharmacogenetic testing. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:354-360. [PMID: 32499099 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HLA associations have been linked to many diseases and are important for risk assessment of drug hypersensitivity reactions. The increasing number of HLA alleles discovered generated a list of ambiguities that cannot be resolved with the current clinical assays, which commonly include sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) genotyping, and real-time PCR with melting curve analysis. HLA typing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) has recently been adopted by clinical laboratories for transplantation testing, as it provides unambiguous and cost-effective HLA typing. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using NGS-based HLA-B and DQ genotyping for clinical HLA disease association testing, and provide direct comparison with the currently used clinical tests, including SSOP genotyping, and real-time PCR with melting curve analysis. While the real-time PCR method is easy and inexpensive to perform, ambiguities are rapidly increasing as more and more HLA alleles are discovered. SSOP genotyping identifies the alleles present but limitations include ambiguities and underreporting less common alleles. Our data show that HLA typing by NGS is superior to the existing clinical methods for identifying HLA alleles associated with disease or drug hypersensitivity, and offers a viable approach for high volume clinical diagnostic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie Profaizer
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, United States.
| | - Ann Pole
- Histocompatibility & Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
| | - Cassandra Monds
- ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, United States.
| | - Julio C Delgado
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
| | - Eszter Lázár-Molnár
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, United States.
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18
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Abstract
Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are unpredictable and include various different skin conditions of varying degrees of severity. The most concerning are usually referred to as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) and include acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS) or hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). All are delayed type IV hypersensitivity reactions in which a T-cell-mediated drug-specific immune response is responsible for causing the disease. Nonetheless, specific T-cell subpopulations develop in response to certain environmental conditions and produce cytokines that orchestrate the various phenotypes. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), T-helper type 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17, and regulatory T cells (Treg), among other T-cell subpopulations, participate in the development of SCAR phenotypes. Cell subpopulations belonging to the innate immune system, comprising natural killer cells, innate lymphoid cells, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, can also participate in shaping specific immune responses in various clinical conditions. Additionally, tissue-resident cells, including keratinocytes, can contribute to epidermal damage by secreting chemokines that attract pro-inflammatory immunocytes. The final phenotypes in each clinical entity result from the complex interactions between a variety of cell lineages, their products, soluble mediators and genetic and environmental factors. Although the pathophysiology of these reactions is not fully understood, intensive research in recent years has led to major progress in our understanding of the contribution of certain cell types and soluble mediators to the variability of SCAR phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bellón
- La Paz Hospital Health Research Institute-IdiPAZ, Pº Castellana 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Sun XL, Long NN, Zeng C. Purification, Crystallization and Crystallographic Analysis of HLA-B*15:02 Complexed with an Endogenous Peptide. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s106377451907023x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Metal-induced hypersensitivity is driven by T-cell sensitization to metal ions. Although numerous metals are associated with the development of diffuse parenchymal lung disease, beryllium-induced hypersensitivity is the best-studied to date. This review focuses on the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity that leads to the development of chronic beryllium disease. After beryllium exposure, activation of the innate immune system occurs through the engagement of pattern-recognition receptors. This activation leads to cell death, release of alarmins, and activation and migration of dendritic cells to lung-draining lymph nodes. These events culminate in the development of an adaptive immune response that is characterized by beryllium-specific, T-helper type 1-polarized, CD4+ T-cells and granuloma formation in the lung. The unique ability of beryllium to bind to human leukocyte antigen-DP molecules that express a glutamic acid at position 69 of the β-chain alters the charge and conformation of the human leukocyte antigen-DP-peptide complex. These changes induce post-translational modifications that are recognized as non-self. In essence, the ability of beryllium to create neoantigens underlies the genesis of chronic beryllium disease, and demonstrates the similarity between beryllium-induced hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.
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21
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Driller R, Ballaschk M, Schmieder P, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Ziegler A, Loll B. Metal-triggered conformational reorientation of a self-peptide bound to a disease-associated HLA-B*27 subtype. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13269-13279. [PMID: 31296658 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Conformational changes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens have the potential to be recognized by T cells and may arise from polymorphic variation of the MHC molecule, the binding of modifying ligands, or both. Here, we investigated whether metal ions could affect allele-dependent structural variation of the two minimally distinct human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*27:05 and HLA-B*27:09 subtypes, which exhibit differential association with the rheumatic disease ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We employed NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography coupled with ensemble refinement to study the AS-associated HLA-B*27:05 subtype and the AS-nonassociated HLA-B* 27:09 in complex with the self-peptide pVIPR (RRKWRRWHL). Both techniques revealed that pVIPR exhibits a higher degree of flexibility when complexed with HLA-B*27:05 than with HLA-B*27:09. Furthermore, we found that the binding of the metal ion Cu2+ or Ni2+, but not Mn2+, Zn2+, or Hg2+, affects the structure of a pVIPR-bound HLA-B*27 molecule in a subtype-dependent manner. In HLA-B*27:05, the metals triggered conformational reorientations of pVIPR, but no such structural changes were observed in the HLA-B*27:09 subtype, with or without bound metal ion. These observations provide the first demonstration that not only major histocompatibility complex class II, but also class I, molecules can undergo metal ion-induced conformational alterations. Our findings suggest that metals may have a role in triggering rheumatic diseases such as AS and also have implications for the molecular basis of metal-induced hypersensitivities and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Driller
- Institut für Chemie/Biochemie, AG Strukturbiochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Ballaschk
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Schmieder
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara Uchanska-Ziegler
- Institut für Immungenetik, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Ziegler Biosolutions, Fahrgasse 5, 79761 Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany
| | - Andreas Ziegler
- Ziegler Biosolutions, Fahrgasse 5, 79761 Waldshut-Tiengen, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Loll
- Institut für Chemie/Biochemie, AG Strukturbiochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany; MoloX GmbH, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Mounzer K, Hsu R, Fusco JS, Brunet L, Henegar CE, Vannappagari V, Stainsby CM, Shaefer MS, Ragone L, Fusco GP. HLA-B*57:01 screening and hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir between 1999 and 2016 in the OPERA ® observational database: a cohort study. AIDS Res Ther 2019; 16:1. [PMID: 30651100 PMCID: PMC6334426 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-019-0217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HLA-B*57:01 screening was added to clinical care guidelines in 2008 to reduce the risk of hypersensitivity reaction from abacavir. The uptake of HLA-B*57:01 screening and incidence of hypersensitivity reaction were assessed in a prospective clinical cohort in the United States to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention. Methods We included all patients initiating an abacavir-containing regimen for the first time in the pre-HLA-B*57:01 screening period (January 1, 1999 to June 14, 2008) or the post-HLA-B*57:01 screening period (June 15, 2008 to January 1, 2016). Yearly incidence of both HLA-B*57:01 screening and physician panel-adjudicated hypersensitivity reactions were calculated and compared. Results Of the 9619 patients eligible for the study, 33% initiated abacavir in the pre-screening period and 67% in the post-screening period. Incidence of HLA-B*57:01 screening prior to abacavir initiation increased from 43% in 2009 to 84% in 2015. The incidence of definite or probable hypersensitivity reactions decreased from 1.3% in the pre-screening period to 0.8% in 2009 and further to 0.2% in 2015 in the post-screening period. Conclusions Frequency of HLA-B*57:01 screening increased steadily since its first inclusion in treatment guidelines in the United States. This increase in screening was accompanied by a decreasing incidence of definite or probable hypersensitivity reactions over the same period. However, a considerable proportion of patients initiating abacavir were not screened, representing a failed opportunity to prevent hypersensitivity reactions. Where HLA-B*57:01 screening is standard of care, patients should be confirmed negative for this allele before starting abacavir treatment.
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23
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Yan S, Xiong H, Shao F, Zhang W, Yang F, Qi Z, Chen S, He L, Jiang M, Su Y, Zhu H, Qin S, Zhu Q, Luo X, Xing Q. HLA-C*12:02 is strongly associated with Xuesaitong-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2018; 19:277-285. [PMID: 30237582 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-018-0051-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Xuesaitong (XST) is mainly used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, sometimes causing cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) with unknown mechanisms of pathogenicity or risk factors. We aimed to verify whether human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles are associated with XST-related cADRs in Han Chinese population. We carried out an association study including 12 subjects with XST-induced cADRs, 283 controls, and 28 XST-tolerant subjects. Five out of 12 patients with XST-induced cADRs carried HLA-C*12:02, and all of them received XST via intravenous drip. The carrier frequency of HLA-C*12:02 was significantly high compare to that of the control population (Pc = 4.4 × 10-4, odds ratio (OR) = 21.75, 95% CI = 5.78-81.88). Compared with that of the XST-tolerant group, the patients who received XST through intravenous drip presented a higher OR of cADRs (Pc = 0.011, OR = 27.00, 95% CI = 2.58-282.98). The results suggest that HLA-C*12:02 is a potentially predictive marker of XST-induced cADRs in Han Chinese, especially when XST is administered via intravenous drip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Yan
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital (Zhengzhou University People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fanping Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zheng Qi
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shengan Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lin He
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Menglin Jiang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Su
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huizhong Zhu
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shengying Qin
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xiaoqun Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Qinghe Xing
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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24
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Carbamazepine-Mediated Adverse Drug Reactions: CBZ-10,11-epoxide but Not Carbamazepine Induces the Alteration of Peptides Presented by HLA-B∗15:02. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:5086503. [PMID: 30302345 PMCID: PMC6158965 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5086503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Among patients treated with the anticonvulsive and psychotropic drug carbamazepine (CBZ), approximately 10% develop severe and life-threatening adverse drug reactions. These immunological conditions are resolved upon withdrawal of the medicament, suggesting that the drug does not manifest in the body in long term. The HLA allele B∗15:02 has been described to be a genomic biomarker for CBZ-mediated immune reactions. It is not well understood if the immune reactions are triggered by the original drug or by its metabolite carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (EPX) and how the interaction between the drug and the distinct HLA molecule occurs. Genetically engineered human B-lymphoblastoid cells expressing soluble HLA-B∗15:02 molecules were treated with the drug or its metabolite. Functional pHLA complexes were purified; peptides were eluted and sequenced. Applying mass spectrometric analysis, CBZ and EPX were monitored by analyzing the heavy chain and peptide fractions separately for the presence of the drug. This method enabled the detection of the drug in a biological situation post-pHLA assembly. Both drugs were bound to the HLA-B∗15:02 heavy chain; however, solely EPX altered the peptide-binding motif of B∗15:02-restricted peptides. This observation could be explained through structural insight; EPX binds to the peptide-binding region and alters the biochemical features of the F pocket and thus the peptide motif. Understanding the nature of immunogenic interactions between CBZ and EPX with the HLA immune complex will guide towards effective and safe medications.
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Yarzabek B, Zaitouna AJ, Olson E, Silva GN, Geng J, Geretz A, Thomas R, Krishnakumar S, Ramon DS, Raghavan M. Variations in HLA-B cell surface expression, half-life and extracellular antigen receptivity. eLife 2018; 7:e34961. [PMID: 29989547 PMCID: PMC6039183 DOI: 10.7554/elife.34961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly polymorphic human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules present peptide antigens to CD8+ T cells, inducing immunity against infections and cancers. Quality control mediated by peptide loading complex (PLC) components is expected to ensure the cell surface expression of stable peptide-HLA class I complexes. This is exemplified by HLA-B*08:01 in primary human lymphocytes, with both expression level and half-life at the high end of the measured HLA-B expression and stability hierarchies. Conversely, low expression on lymphocytes is measured for three HLA-B allotypes that bind peptides with proline at position 2, which are disfavored by the transporter associated with antigen processing. Surprisingly, these lymphocyte-specific expression and stability differences become reversed or altered in monocytes, which display larger intracellular pools of HLA class I than lymphocytes. Together, the findings indicate that allele and cell-dependent variations in antigen acquisition pathways influence HLA-B surface expression levels, half-lives and receptivity to exogenous antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brogan Yarzabek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
| | - Anita J Zaitouna
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
| | - Eli Olson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
| | - Gayathri N Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
| | - Jie Geng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
| | - Aviva Geretz
- US Military HIV Research ProgramWalter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringUnited States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineBethesdaUnited States
| | - Rasmi Thomas
- US Military HIV Research ProgramWalter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringUnited States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military MedicineBethesdaUnited States
| | | | - Daniel S Ramon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyMayo ClinicArizonaUnited States
| | - Malini Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Michigan MedicineUniversity of MichiganMichiganUnited States
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26
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Kennedy AE, Ozbek U, Dorak MT. What has GWAS done for HLA and disease associations? Int J Immunogenet 2018; 44:195-211. [PMID: 28877428 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is located in chromosome 6p21 and contains crucial regulators of immune response, including human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genes, alongside other genes with nonimmunological roles. More recently, a repertoire of noncoding RNA genes, including expressed pseudogenes, has also been identified. The MHC is the most gene dense and most polymorphic part of the human genome. The region exhibits haplotype-specific linkage disequilibrium patterns, contains the strongest cis- and trans-eQTLs/meQTLs in the genome and is known as a hot spot for disease associations. Another layer of complexity is provided to the region by the extreme structural variation and copy number variations. While the HLA-B gene has the highest number of alleles, the HLA-DR/DQ subregion is structurally most variable and shows the highest number of disease associations. Reliance on a single reference sequence has complicated the design, execution and analysis of GWAS for the MHC region and not infrequently, the MHC region has even been excluded from the analysis of GWAS data. Here, we contrast features of the MHC region with the rest of the genome and highlight its complexities, including its functional polymorphisms beyond those determined by single nucleotide polymorphisms or single amino acid residues. One of the several issues with customary GWAS analysis is that it does not address this additional layer of polymorphisms unique to the MHC region. We highlight alternative approaches that may assist with the analysis of GWAS data from the MHC region and unravel associations with all functional polymorphisms beyond single SNPs. We suggest that despite already showing the highest number of disease associations, the true extent of the involvement of the MHC region in disease genetics may not have been uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Kennedy
- Center for Research Strategy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - U Ozbek
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M T Dorak
- Head of School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames, UK
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Yamagami J, Nakamura Y, Nagao K, Funakoshi T, Takahashi H, Tanikawa A, Hachiya T, Yamamoto T, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Tanaka T, Fujimoto N, Nishigori C, Yoshida T, Ishii N, Hashimoto T, Amagai M. Vancomycin Mediates IgA Autoreactivity in Drug-Induced Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1473-1480. [PMID: 29410066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vancomycin (VCM) is known to induce linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LAD). However, in contrast to conventional LAD, in which circulating IgA autoantibodies against basement membrane proteins are commonly detected, patient sera from VCM-induced LAD yields negative results in indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, and the targeted autoantigen remains undetermined. By using sera from a typical patient with VCM-induced LAD, we identified that co-incubation of sera with VCM resulted in linear IgA deposition at the basement membrane zone by indirect immunofluorescence. Patient sera reacted with the dermal side of 1 mol/L NaCl-split skin and with the recombinant noncollagenous (i.e., NC1) domain of type VII collagen by both immunoblot and ELISA in the presence of VCM. The investigation of an additional 13 patients with VCM-induced LAD showed that 10 out of the 14 sera (71.4%) reacted with the NC1 domain of type VII collagen by ELISA when spiked with VCM, whereas only 4 (28.6%) tested positive without it. The enhancement of reactivity to NC1 by VCM, as determined by optical density via ELISA, was observed in 10 out of the 14 sera (71.4%). These findings indicate that type VII collagen is a target autoantigen in VCM-induced LAD and that VCM mediates IgA autoreactivity against type VII collagen, providing an insight into mechanisms involved in drug-induced autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yamagami
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nagao
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Takeru Funakoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Tanikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Noriki Fujimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoshida
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norito Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Low SK, Zembutsu H, Nakamura Y. Breast cancer: The translation of big genomic data to cancer precision medicine. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:497-506. [PMID: 29215763 PMCID: PMC5834810 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex genetic disease that develops from the accumulation of genomic alterations in which germline variations predispose individuals to cancer and somatic alterations initiate and trigger the progression of cancer. For the past 2 decades, genomic research has advanced remarkably, evolving from single-gene to whole-genome screening by using genome-wide association study and next-generation sequencing that contributes to big genomic data. International collaborative efforts have contributed to curating these data to identify clinically significant alterations that could be used in clinical settings. Focusing on breast cancer, the present review summarizes the identification of genomic alterations with high-throughput screening as well as the use of genomic information in clinical trials that match cancer patients to therapies, which further leads to cancer precision medicine. Furthermore, cancer screening and monitoring were enhanced greatly by the use of liquid biopsies. With the growing data complexity and size, there is much anticipation in exploiting deep machine learning and artificial intelligence to curate integrative "-omics" data to refine the current medical practice to be applied in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Kee Low
- Project for Development of Liquid Biopsy Diagnosis, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Zembutsu
- Project for Development of Liquid Biopsy Diagnosis, Cancer Precision Medicine Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Medicine, Center for Personalized Therapeutics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Surgery, Center for Personalized Therapeutics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Several anticonvulsant drugs are used in the management of neuropathic pain. Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant drug closely related to carbamazepine. Oxcarbazepine has been reported to be efficacious in the treatment of neuropathic pain, but evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is conflicting. Oxcarbazepine is reportedly better tolerated than carbamazepine. This is the first update of a review published in 2013. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of oxcarbazepine for different types of neuropathic pain. SEARCH METHODS On 21 November 2016, we searched the Cochrane Neuromuscular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE and Embase. We searched the Chinese Biomedical Retrieval System (January 1978 to November 2016). We searched the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) databases and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials in January 2017, and we wrote to the companies who make oxcarbazepine and to pain experts requesting additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA All RCTs and randomised cross-over studies of oxcarbazepine for the treatment of people of any age or sex with any neuropathic pain were eligible. We planned to include trials of oxcarbazepine compared with placebo or any other intervention with a treatment duration of at least six weeks, regardless of administration route and dose. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS Five multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials with a total of 862 participants were eligible for inclusion in this updated review. Three trials involved participants with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) (n = 634), one included people with neuropathic pain due to radiculopathy (n = 145), and one, which was newly identified at this update, involved participants with peripheral neuropathic pain of mixed origin (polyneuropathy, peripheral nerve injury or postherpetic neuralgia) (n = 83). Some studies did not report all outcomes of interest. For painful DPN, compared to the baseline, the proportion of participants who reported at least a 50% or 30% reduction of pain scores after 16 weeks of treatment in the oxcarbazepine group versus the placebo group were: at least 50% reduction: 34.8% with oxcarbazepine versus 18.2% with placebo (risk ratio (RR) 1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08 to 3.39, number of people needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB) 6, 95% CI 3 to 41); and at least 30% reduction: 44.9% with oxcarbazepine versus 28.6% with placebo (RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.44; NNTB 6, 95% CI 3 to 114; n = 146). Both results were based on data from a single trial, since two trials that found little or no benefit did not provide data that could be included in a meta-analysis. Although these trials were well designed, incomplete outcome data and possible unblinding of participants due to obvious adverse effects placed the results at a high risk of bias. There was also serious imprecision and a high risk of publication bias. The radiculopathy trial reported no benefit for the outcome 'at least 50% pain relief' from oxcarbazepine. In mixed neuropathies, 19.3% of people receiving oxcarbazepine versus 4.8% receiving placebo had at least 50% pain relief. These small trials had low event rates and provided, at best, low-quality evidence for any outcome. The proportion of people with 'improved' or 'very much improved' pain was 45.9% with oxcarbazepine versus 30.1% with placebo in DPN (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.88; n = 493; 2 trials; very-low-quality evidence) and 23.9% with oxcarbazepine versus 14.9% with placebo in radiculopathy (RR 1.61, 95% CI 0.81 to 3.20; n = 145).We found no trials in other types of neuropathic pain such as trigeminal neuralgia.Trial reports stated that most adverse effects were mild to moderate in severity. Based on moderate-quality evidence from the three DPN trials, serious adverse effects occurred in 8.3% with oxcarbazepine and 2.5% with placebo (RR 3.65, 95% CI 1.45 to 9.20; n = 634; moderate-quality evidence). The number needed to treat for an additional harmful (serious adverse effect) outcome (NNTH) was 17 (95% CI 11 to 42). The RR for serious adverse effects in the radiculopathy trial was 3.13 (95% CI 0.65 to 14.98, n = 145). The fifth trial did not provide data.More people withdrew because of adverse effects with oxcarbazepine than with placebo (DPN: 25.6% with oxcarbazepine versus 6.8% with placebo; RR 3.83, 95% CI 2.29 to 6.40; radiculopathy: 42.3% with oxcarbazepine versus 14.9% with placebo; RR 2.84, 95% CI 1.55 to 5.23; mixed neuropathic pain: 13.5% with oxcarbazepine versus 1.2% with placebo; RR 11.51, 95% CI 1.54 to 86.15). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This review found little evidence to support the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine in painful diabetic neuropathy, neuropathic pain from radiculopathy and a mixture of neuropathies. Some very-low-quality evidence suggests efficacy but small trials, low event rates, heterogeneity in some measures and a high risk of publication bias means that we have very low confidence in the measures of effect. Adverse effects, serious adverse effects and adverse effects leading to discontinuation are probably more common with oxcarbazepine than placebo; however, the numbers of participants and event rates are low. More well-designed, multicentre RCTs investigating oxcarbazepine for various types of neuropathic pain are needed, and selective publication of studies or data should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muke Zhou
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of NeurologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Ning Chen
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of NeurologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Li He
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of NeurologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Mi Yang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of NeurologyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina610041
| | - Cairong Zhu
- School of Public Health, Sichuan UniversityEpidemic Disease & Health Statistics DepartmentChengduChina
| | - Fengbo Wu
- West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartment of PharmacyNo. 37, Guo Xue XiangChengduSichuanChina60041
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30
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Imatoh T, Sai K, Fukazawa C, Hinomura Y, Nakamura R, Okamoto-Uchida Y, Segawa K, Saito Y. Association between infection and severe drug adverse reactions: an analysis using data from the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 73:1643-1653. [PMID: 28831528 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-017-2320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been reported recently that immune reactions are involved in the pathogenesis of certain types of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We aimed to determine the associations between infections and drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD), rhabdomyolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), or drug-induced liver injury (DILI) using a spontaneous adverse drug event reporting database in Japan. METHODS The reported cases were classified into three categories (anti-infectious drug group, concomitant infection group, and non-infection group) based on the presence of anti-infectious drugs (either as primary suspected drug or concomitant drug) and infectious disease. We assessed the association between four severe ADRs and the presence and seriousness of infection using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS We identified 177,649 cases reported in the study period (2009-2013). Logistic regression analysis showed significant positive associations between infection status and onset of SJS/TEN or DILI (SJS/TEN: anti-infectious drug group: odds ratio (OR) 2.04, 95% CI [1.85-2.24], concomitant infection group: OR 2.44, 95% CI [2.21-2.69], DILI: anti-infectious drug group: OR 1.27, 95% CI [1.09-1.49], concomitant infection group: OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.04-1.49]), compared to the non-infection group. By contrast, there were negative or no associations between infection and DILD or rhabdomyolysis. A significantly positive association between infection and SJS/TEN seriousness (OR 1.48, 95% CI [1.10-1.98]) was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that infection plays an important role in the development of SJS/TEN and DILI. For the patients with infection and/ or anti-infectious drugs, careful monitoring for severe ADRs, especially SJS/TEN, might be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Imatoh
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan.
| | - Kimie Sai
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Chisato Fukazawa
- Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center, Shibuya 2-12-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-0002, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hinomura
- Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center, Shibuya 2-12-15, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, 150-0002, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Okamoto-Uchida
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Katsunori Segawa
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Division of Medicinal Safety Science, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kamiyoga 1-18-1, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 158-8501, Japan
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Norman PJ, Norberg SJ, Guethlein LA, Nemat-Gorgani N, Royce T, Wroblewski EE, Dunn T, Mann T, Alicata C, Hollenbach JA, Chang W, Shults Won M, Gunderson KL, Abi-Rached L, Ronaghi M, Parham P. Sequences of 95 human MHC haplotypes reveal extreme coding variation in genes other than highly polymorphic HLA class I and II. Genome Res 2017; 27:813-823. [PMID: 28360230 PMCID: PMC5411776 DOI: 10.1101/gr.213538.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The most polymorphic part of the human genome, the MHC, encodes over 160 proteins of diverse function. Half of them, including the HLA class I and II genes, are directly involved in immune responses. Consequently, the MHC region strongly associates with numerous diseases and clinical therapies. Notoriously, the MHC region has been intractable to high-throughput analysis at complete sequence resolution, and current reference haplotypes are inadequate for large-scale studies. To address these challenges, we developed a method that specifically captures and sequences the 4.8-Mbp MHC region from genomic DNA. For 95 MHC homozygous cell lines we assembled, de novo, a set of high-fidelity contigs and a sequence scaffold, representing a mean 98% of the target region. Included are six alternative MHC reference sequences of the human genome that we completed and refined. Characterization of the sequence and structural diversity of the MHC region shows the approach accurately determines the sequences of the highly polymorphic HLA class I and HLA class II genes and the complex structural diversity of complement factor C4A/C4B. It has also uncovered extensive and unexpected diversity in other MHC genes; an example is MUC22, which encodes a lung mucin and exhibits more coding sequence alleles than any HLA class I or II gene studied here. More than 60% of the coding sequence alleles analyzed were previously uncharacterized. We have created a substantial database of robust reference MHC haplotype sequences that will enable future population scale studies of this complicated and clinically important region of the human genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Norman
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Lisbeth A Guethlein
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Royce
- Illumina Incorporated, San Diego, California 92122, USA
| | - Emily E Wroblewski
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Tamsen Dunn
- Illumina Incorporated, San Diego, California 92122, USA
| | - Tobias Mann
- Illumina Incorporated, San Diego, California 92122, USA
| | - Claudia Alicata
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jill A Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Weihua Chang
- Illumina Incorporated, San Diego, California 92122, USA
| | | | | | - Laurent Abi-Rached
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | - Peter Parham
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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32
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Vukmanović S, Sadrieh N. Skin sensitizers in cosmetics and beyond: potential multiple mechanisms of action and importance of T-cell assays for in vitro screening. Crit Rev Toxicol 2017; 47:415-432. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2017.1288025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Vukmanović
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), MD, USA
| | - Nakissa Sadrieh
- Cosmetics Division, Office of Cosmetics and Colors (OCAC), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), MD, USA
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33
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Human leukocyte antigen and idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2017; 32:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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34
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Giacomini KM, Yee SW, Mushiroda T, Weinshilboum RM, Ratain MJ, Kubo M. Genome-wide association studies of drug response and toxicity: an opportunity for genome medicine. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2016; 16:1. [PMID: 27885282 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2016.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Giacomini
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, California 94143, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Sook Wah Yee
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Taisei Mushiroda
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | | | - Mark J Ratain
- Center for Personalized Therapeutics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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35
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Faulkner L, Gibson A, Sullivan A, Tailor A, Usui T, Alfirevic A, Pirmohamed M, Naisbitt DJ, Kevin Park B. Detection of Primary T Cell Responses to Drugs and Chemicals in HLA-Typed Volunteers: Implications for the Prediction of Drug Immunogenicity. Toxicol Sci 2016; 154:416-429. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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36
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sNebula, a network-based algorithm to predict binding between human leukocyte antigens and peptides. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32115. [PMID: 27558848 PMCID: PMC4997263 DOI: 10.1038/srep32115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the binding between human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and peptides is important to understand the functioning of the immune system. Since it is time-consuming and costly to measure the binding between large numbers of HLAs and peptides, computational methods including machine learning models and network approaches have been developed to predict HLA-peptide binding. However, there are several limitations for the existing methods. We developed a network-based algorithm called sNebula to address these limitations. We curated qualitative Class I HLA-peptide binding data and demonstrated the prediction performance of sNebula on this dataset using leave-one-out cross-validation and five-fold cross-validations. This algorithm can predict not only peptides of different lengths and different types of HLAs, but also the peptides or HLAs that have no existing binding data. We believe sNebula is an effective method to predict HLA-peptide binding and thus improve our understanding of the immune system.
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Yang Y, Chen S, Yang F, Zhang L, Alterovitz G, Zhu H, Xuan J, Yang X, Luo H, Mu J, He L, Luo X, Xing Q. HLA-B*51:01 is strongly associated with clindamycin-related cutaneous adverse drug reactions. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2016; 17:501-505. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2016.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Fontenot AP, Falta MT, Kappler JW, Dai S, McKee AS. Beryllium-Induced Hypersensitivity: Genetic Susceptibility and Neoantigen Generation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:22-7. [PMID: 26685315 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic beryllium (Be) disease is a granulomatous lung disorder that results from Be exposure in a genetically susceptible host. The disease is characterized by the accumulation of Be-responsive CD4(+) T cells in the lung, and genetic susceptibility is primarily linked to HLA-DPB1 alleles possessing a glutamic acid at position 69 of the β-chain. Recent structural analysis of a Be-specific TCR interacting with a Be-loaded HLA-DP2-peptide complex revealed that Be is coordinated by amino acid residues derived from the HLA-DP2 β-chain and peptide and showed that the TCR does not directly interact with the Be(2+) cation. Rather, the TCR recognizes a modified HLA-DP2-peptide complex with charge and conformational changes. Collectively, these findings provide a structural basis for the development of this occupational lung disease through the ability of Be to induce posttranslational modifications in preexisting HLA-DP2-peptide complexes, resulting in the creation of neoantigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Fontenot
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045;
| | - Michael T Falta
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - John W Kappler
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206; and Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Shaodong Dai
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045; Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206
| | - Amy S McKee
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
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Starting, Choosing, Changing, and Discontinuing Drug Treatment for Epilepsy Patients. Neurol Clin 2016; 34:363-81, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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40
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Wynne JW, Woon AP, Dudek NL, Croft NP, Ng JHJ, Baker ML, Wang LF, Purcell AW. Characterization of the Antigen Processing Machinery and Endogenous Peptide Presentation of a Bat MHC Class I Molecule. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:4468-76. [PMID: 27183594 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bats are a major reservoir of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome-like coronaviruses, henipaviruses, and Ebola virus. Although highly pathogenic to their spillover hosts, bats harbor these viruses, and a large number of other viruses, with little or no clinical signs of disease. How bats asymptomatically coexist with these viruses is unknown. In particular, little is known about bat adaptive immunity, and the presence of functional MHC molecules is mostly inferred from recently described genomes. In this study, we used an affinity purification/mass spectrometry approach to demonstrate that a bat MHC class I molecule, Ptal-N*01:01, binds antigenic peptides and associates with peptide-loading complex components. We identified several bat MHC class I-binding partners, including calnexin, calreticulin, protein disulfide isomerase A3, tapasin, TAP1, and TAP2. Additionally, endogenous peptide ligands isolated from Ptal-N*01:01 displayed a relatively broad length distribution and an unusual preference for a C-terminal proline residue. Finally, we demonstrate that this preference for C-terminal proline residues was observed in Hendra virus-derived peptides presented by Ptal-N*01:01 on the surface of infected cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify endogenous and viral MHC class I ligands for any bat species and, as such, provides an important avenue for monitoring and development of vaccines against major bat-borne viruses both in the reservoir and spillover hosts. Additionally, it will provide a foundation to understand the role of adaptive immunity in bat antiviral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Wynne
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Amanda P Woon
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | - Nadine L Dudek
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | - Nathan P Croft
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
| | - Justin H J Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Michelle L Baker
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Lin-Fa Wang
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Republic of Singapore
| | - Anthony W Purcell
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; and
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41
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Yun J, Cai F, Lee FJ, Pichler WJ. T-cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity: immune mechanisms and their clinical relevance. Asia Pac Allergy 2016; 6:77-89. [PMID: 27141480 PMCID: PMC4850339 DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2016.6.2.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity represents a significant proportion of immune mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions. In the recent years, there has been an increase in understanding the immune mechanisms behind T-cell-mediated drug hypersensitivity. According to hapten mechanism, drug specific T-cell response is stimulated by drug-protein conjugate presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) as it is presented as a new antigenic determinant. On the other hand, p-i concept suggests that a drug can stimulate T cells via noncovalent direct interaction with T-cell receptor and/or peptide-MHC. The drug binding site is quite variable and this leads to several different mechanisms within p-i concept. Altered peptide repertoire can be regarded as an 'atypical' subset of p-i concept since the mode of the drug binding and the binding site are essentially identical to p-i concept. However, the intracellular binding of abacavir to HLA-B(*)57:01 additionally results in alteration in peptide repertoire. Furthermore the T-cell response to altered peptide repertoire model is only shown for abacavir and HLA-B(*)57:01 and therefore it may not be generalised to other drug hypersensitivity. Danger hypothesis has been postulated to play an important role in drug hypersensitivity by providing signal 2 but its experimental data is lacking at this point in time. Furthermore, the recently described allo-immune response suggests that danger signal may be unnecessary. Finally, in view of these new understanding, the classification and the definition of type B adverse drug reaction should be revised.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yun
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Fenfen Cai
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Frederick J Lee
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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42
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Zhou P, Zhang S, Wang Y, Yang C, Huang J. Structural modeling of HLA-B*1502/peptide/carbamazepine/T-cell receptor complex architecture: implication for the molecular mechanism of carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:1806-17. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1092476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Center of Bioinformatics (COBI), Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of the Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Center of Bioinformatics (COBI), Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of the Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yewang Wang
- Center of Bioinformatics (COBI), Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of the Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Center of Bioinformatics (COBI), Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of the Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Center of Bioinformatics (COBI), Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of the Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu 610054, China
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43
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Pichler WJ, Adam J, Watkins S, Wuillemin N, Yun J, Yerly D. Drug Hypersensitivity: How Drugs Stimulate T Cells via Pharmacological Interaction with Immune Receptors. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2015; 168:13-24. [DOI: 10.1159/000441280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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44
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Luo H, Ye H, Ng HW, Shi L, Tong W, Mendrick DL, Hong H. Machine Learning Methods for Predicting HLA-Peptide Binding Activity. Bioinform Biol Insights 2015; 9:21-9. [PMID: 26512199 PMCID: PMC4603527 DOI: 10.4137/bbi.s29466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As major histocompatibility complexes in humans, the human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) have important functions to present antigen peptides onto T-cell receptors for immunological recognition and responses. Interpreting and predicting HLA–peptide binding are important to study T-cell epitopes, immune reactions, and the mechanisms of adverse drug reactions. We review different types of machine learning methods and tools that have been used for HLA–peptide binding prediction. We also summarize the descriptors based on which the HLA–peptide binding prediction models have been constructed and discuss the limitation and challenges of the current methods. Lastly, we give a future perspective on the HLA–peptide binding prediction method based on network analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Luo
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA. ; University of Arkansas at Little Rock/University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Hao Ye
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Hui Wen Ng
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Leming Shi
- Center for Pharmacogenomics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weida Tong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Donna L Mendrick
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
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45
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Abstract
The HLA region of chromosome 6 contains the most polymorphic genes in humans. Spanning ~5 Mbp the densely packed region encompasses approximately 175 expressed genes including the highly polymorphic HLA class I and II loci. Most of the other genes and functional elements are also polymorphic, and many of them are directly implicated in immune function or immune-related disease. For these reasons, this complex genomic region is subject to intense scrutiny by researchers with the common goal of aiding further understanding and diagnoses of multiple immune-related diseases and syndromes. To aid assay development and characterization of the classical loci, a panel of cell lines partially or fully homozygous for HLA class I and II was assembled over time by the International Histocompatibility Working Group (IHWG). Containing a minimum of 88 unique HLA haplotypes, we show that this panel represents a significant proportion of European HLA allelic and haplotype diversity (60-95 %). Using a high-density whole genome array that includes 13,331 HLA region SNPs, we analyzed 99 IHWG cells to map the coordinates of the homozygous tracts at a fine scale. The mean homozygous tract length within chromosome 6 from these individuals is 21 Mbp. Within HLA, the mean haplotype length is 4.3 Mbp, and 65 % of the cell lines were shown to be homozygous throughout the entire region. In addition, four cell lines are homozygous throughout the complex KIR region of chromosome 19 (~250 kbp). The data we describe will provide a valuable resource for characterizing haplotypes, designing and refining imputation algorithms and developing assay controls.
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46
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Ogese MO, Saide K, Faulkner L, Whitaker P, Peckham D, Alfirevic A, Baker DM, Sette A, Pirmohamed M, Park BK, Naisbitt DJ. HLA-DQ allele-restricted activation of nitroso sulfamethoxazole-specific CD4-positive T lymphocytes from patients with cystic fibrosis. Clin Exp Allergy 2015; 45:1305-16. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. O. Ogese
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - K. Saide
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - L. Faulkner
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - P. Whitaker
- Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit; St James's Hospital; Leeds UK
| | - D. Peckham
- Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit; St James's Hospital; Leeds UK
| | - A. Alfirevic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - D. M. Baker
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology; La Jolla San Diego CA USA
| | - A. Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology; La Jolla San Diego CA USA
| | - M. Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - B. K. Park
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - D. J. Naisbitt
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology; MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
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47
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Naisbitt DJ, Nattrass RG, Ogese MO. In vitro diagnosis of delayed-type drug hypersensitivity: mechanistic aspects and unmet needs. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2015; 34:691-705, x. [PMID: 25017686 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Several laboratories use the lymphocyte transformation test for the diagnosis of delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reactions. Recently, the availability of multiple readouts has improved our ability to diagnose reactions. It is important to note that most published studies characterizing the usefulness of diagnostic tests utilize blood samples from well-defined test and control patient groups. The purpose of this article is to briefly summarize the cellular and chemical basis of delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reactions and to review in vitro assays that are available for drug hypersensitivity diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean J Naisbitt
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, England.
| | - Ryan G Nattrass
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, England
| | - Monday O Ogese
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, England
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48
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Abstract
Epilepsy affects 50 million persons worldwide, a third of whom continue to experience debilitating seizures despite optimum anti-epileptic drug (AED) treatment. Twelve-month remission from seizures is less likely in female patients, individuals aged 11-36 years and those with neurological insults and shorter time between first seizure and starting treatment. It has been found that the presence of multiple seizures prior to diagnosis is a risk factor for pharmacoresistance and is correlated with epilepsy type as well as intrinsic severity. The key role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of resistant epilepsy is becoming clear. Our work in this area suggests that high-mobility group box 1 isoforms may be candidate biomarkers for treatment stratification and novel drug targets in epilepsy. Furthermore, transporter polymorphisms contributing to the intrinsic severity of epilepsy are providing robust neurobiological evidence on an emerging theory of drug resistance, which may also provide new insights into disease stratification. Some of the rare genetic epilepsies enable treatment stratification through testing for the causal mutation, for example SCN1A mutations in patients with Dravet's syndrome. Up to 50% of patients develop adverse reactions to AEDs which in turn affects tolerability and compliance. Immune-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to AED therapy, such as toxic epidermal necrolysis, are the most serious adverse reactions and have been associated with polymorphisms in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex. Pharmacogenetic screening for HLA-B*15:02 in Asian populations can prevent carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome. We have identified HLA-A*31:01 as a potential risk marker for all phenotypes of carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity with applicability in European and other populations. In this review, we explore the currently available key stratification approaches to address the therapeutic challenges in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Walker
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Mirza
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - V L M Yip
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A G Marson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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49
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Miles JJ, McCluskey J, Rossjohn J, Gras S. Understanding the complexity and malleability of T-cell recognition. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:433-41. [PMID: 25582337 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T cells are the master regulators of immune system function, continually walking the biological tightrope between adequate host defence and accidental host pathology. Tolerance is maintained or broken through an intricate structural interplay between the T-cell receptor (TCR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule cradling peptide antigens (p). Recent advances in structural biology have shown that the TCR/pMHC interface is surprising precise and extraordinarily malleable. We have seen that seemingly minor changes in the TCR/pMHC interface can abrogate function, as well as substantial conformational changes before and after TCR docking. Our understanding of T-cell biology has also been altered with the knowledge that MHC molecules can bind not only peptides, but also an array of natural and synthetic compounds. Here, we review some examples of the precision and flexibility intrinsic to the TCR/p/MHCI axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Miles
- 1] QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute and QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia [2] School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia [3] Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - James McCluskey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- 1] Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales, UK [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia [3] ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie Gras
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia [2] ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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50
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The nature of self for T cells-a systems-level perspective. Curr Opin Immunol 2014; 34:1-8. [PMID: 25466393 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
T-cell development and function are regulated by MHC-associated self peptides, collectively referred to as the immunopeptidome. Large-scale mass spectrometry studies have highlighted three key features of the immunopeptidome. First, it is not a mirror of the proteome or the transcriptome, and its content cannot be predicted with currently available bioinformatic tools. Second, the immunopeptidome is more plastic than previously anticipated, and is molded by several cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. Finally, the complexity of the immunopeptidome goes beyond the 20-amino acids alphabet encoded in the germline, and is not restricted to canonical reading frames. The large amounts of 'dark matter' in the immunopeptidome, such as polymorphic, cryptic and mutant peptides, can now be explored using novel proteogenomic approaches that combine mass spectrometry and next-generation sequencing.
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