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Kim DH, Hwang HG, Ye DY, Jung GY. Transcriptional and translational flux optimization at the key regulatory node for enhanced production of naringenin using acetate in engineered Escherichia coli. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 51:kuae006. [PMID: 38285614 PMCID: PMC10853766 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuae006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
As a key molecular scaffold for various flavonoids, naringenin is a value-added chemical with broad pharmaceutical applicability. For efficient production of naringenin from acetate, it is crucial to precisely regulate the carbon flux of the oxaloacetate-phosphoenolpyruvate (OAA-PEP) regulatory node through appropriate pckA expression control, as excessive overexpression of pckA can cause extensive loss of OAA and metabolic imbalance. However, considering the critical impact of pckA on naringenin biosynthesis, the conventional strategy of transcriptional regulation of gene expression is limited in its ability to cover the large and balanced solution space. To overcome this hurdle, in this study, pckA expression was fine-tuned at both the transcriptional and translational levels in a combinatorial expression library for the precise exploration of optimal naringenin production from acetate. Additionally, we identified the effects of regulating pckA expression by validating the correlation between phosphoenolpyruvate kinase (PCK) activity and naringenin production. As a result, the flux-optimized strain exhibited a 49.8-fold increase compared with the unoptimized strain, producing 122.12 mg/L of naringenin. Collectively, this study demonstrated the significance of transcriptional and translational flux rebalancing at the key regulatory node, proposing a pivotal metabolic engineering strategy for the biosynthesis of various flavonoids derived from naringenin using acetate. ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARY In this study, transcriptional and translational regulation of pckA expression at the crucial regulatory node was conducted to optimize naringenin biosynthesis using acetate in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong H Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Hyun G Hwang
- Institute of Environmental and Energy Technology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Dae-Yeol Ye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
| | - Gyoo Y Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Korea
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2
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Hao J, Wang X, Shi Y, Li L, Chu J, Li J, Lin W, Yu T, Hou D. Integrated omic profiling of the medicinal mushroom Inonotus obliquus under submerged conditions. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:554. [PMID: 37726686 PMCID: PMC10507853 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Inonotus obliquus mushroom, a wondrous fungus boasting edible and medicinal qualities, has been widely used as a folk medicine and shown to have many potential pharmacological secondary metabolites. The purpose of this study was to supply a global landscape of genome-based integrated omic analysis of the fungus under lab-growth conditions. RESULTS This study presented a genome with high accuracy and completeness using the Pacbio Sequel II third-generation sequencing method. The de novo assembled fungal genome was 36.13 Mb, and contained 8352 predicted protein-coding genes, of which 365 carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme)-coding genes and 19 biosynthetic gene clusters (BCGs) for secondary metabolites were identified. Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analysis revealed a global view of differential metabolic change between seed and fermentation culture, and demonstrated positive correlations between transcription and expression levels of 157 differentially expressed genes involved in the metabolism of amino acids, fatty acids, secondary metabolites, antioxidant and immune responses. Facilitated by the widely targeted metabolomic approach, a total of 307 secondary substances were identified and quantified, with a significant increase in the production of antioxidant polyphenols. CONCLUSION This study provided the comprehensive analysis of the fungus Inonotus obliquus, and supplied fundamental information for further screening of promising target metabolites and exploring the link between the genome and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Hao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Yanhua Shi
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Modern Agriculture and Environment, Weifang Institute of Technology, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jinxin Chu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Weiping Lin
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Dianhai Hou
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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Development of an Escherichia coli whole cell biocatalyst for the production of hyperoside. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:1073-1080. [PMID: 35920962 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To produce high concentrations of hyperoside from quercetin using recombinant Escherichia coli with in situ regeneration of UDP-galactose. RESULTS Sucrose synthase from Glycine max (GmSUS) was co-expressed with UDP-glucose epimerase from E. coli (GalE) in E. coli for regenerating UDP-galactose from UDP and sucrose. Glycosyltransferase from Petunia hybrida (PhUGT) was introduced to synthesize hyperoside from quercetin through the regeneration system of UDP-galactose. Co-expressing with molecular chaperones GroEL/ES successfully enhanced the catalytic efficiency of the recombinant strain, which assisted the soluble expression of PhUGT. By using a fed-batch approach, the production of hyperoside reached 863.7 mg L-1 with a corresponding molar conversion of 93.6% and a specific productivity of 72.5 mg L-1 h-1. CONCLUSION The method described herein for hyperoside production can be widely applied for the synthesis of isorhamnetin-3-O-galactoside, kaempferol-3-O-galactoside and other flavonoids.
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Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Hyperoside Biosynthesis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030628. [PMID: 35336203 PMCID: PMC8949062 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) exhibits many biological functions, along with higher bioactivities than quercetin. In this study, three UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs) were screened for efficient hyperoside synthesis from quercetin. The highest hyperoside production of 58.5 mg·L−1 was obtained in a recombinant Escherichia coli co-expressing UGT from Petunia hybrida (PhUGT) and UDP-glucose epimerase (GalE, a key enzyme catalyzing the conversion of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose) from E. coli. When additional enzymes (phosphoglucomutase (Pgm) and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (GalU)) were introduced into the recombinant E. coli, the increased flux toward UDP-glucose synthesis led to enhanced UDP-galactose-derived hyperoside synthesis. The efficiency of the recombinant strain was further improved by increasing the copy number of the PhUGT, which is a limiting step in the bioconversion. Through the optimization of the fermentation conditions, the production of hyperoside increased from 245.6 to 411.2 mg·L−1. The production was also conducted using a substrate-fed batch fermentation, and the maximal hyperoside production was 831.6 mg·L−1, with a molar conversion ratio of 90.2% and a specific productivity of 27.7 mg·L−1·h−1 after 30 h of fermentation. The efficient hyperoside synthesis pathway described here can be used widely for the glycosylation of other flavonoids and bioactive substances.
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Chaturvedi S, Bhattacharya A, Rout PK, Nain L, Khare SK. An Overview of Enzymes and Rate-Limiting Steps Responsible for Lipid Production in Oleaginous Yeast. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2021.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Chaturvedi
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Amrik Bhattacharya
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Prasant K. Rout
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lata Nain
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil K. Khare
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
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Kukushkina EA, Hossain SI, Sportelli MC, Ditaranto N, Picca RA, Cioffi N. Ag-Based Synergistic Antimicrobial Composites. A Critical Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1687. [PMID: 34199123 PMCID: PMC8306300 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The emerging problem of the antibiotic resistance development and the consequences that the health, food and other sectors face stimulate researchers to find safe and effective alternative methods to fight antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and biofilm formation. One of the most promising and efficient groups of materials known for robust antimicrobial performance is noble metal nanoparticles. Notably, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been already widely investigated and applied as antimicrobial agents. However, it has been proposed to create synergistic composites, because pathogens can find their way to develop resistance against metal nanophases; therefore, it could be important to strengthen and secure their antipathogen potency. These complex materials are comprised of individual components with intrinsic antimicrobial action against a wide range of pathogens. One part consists of inorganic AgNPs, and the other, of active organic molecules with pronounced germicidal effects: both phases complement each other, and the effect might just be the sum of the individual effects, or it can be reinforced by the simultaneous application. Many organic molecules have been proposed as potential candidates and successfully united with inorganic counterparts: polysaccharides, with chitosan being the most used component; phenols and organic acids; and peptides and other agents of animal and synthetic origin. In this review, we overview the available literature and critically discuss the findings, including the mechanisms of action, efficacy and application of the silver-based synergistic antimicrobial composites. Hence, we provide a structured summary of the current state of the research direction and give an opinion on perspectives on the development of hybrid Ag-based nanoantimicrobials (NAMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Kukushkina
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Syed Imdadul Hossain
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Sportelli
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Ditaranto
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Anna Picca
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Cioffi
- Chemistry Department, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy; (E.A.K.); (S.I.H.); (M.C.S.); (N.D.); (R.A.P.)
- CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), Chemistry Department, University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
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7
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Pham KD, Hakozaki Y, Takamizawa T, Yamazaki A, Yamazaki H, Mori K, Aburatani S, Tashiro K, Kuhara S, Takaku H, Shida Y, Ogasawara W. Analysis of the light regulatory mechanism in carotenoid production in Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 10032. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1899-1909. [PMID: 34124766 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Light stimulates carotenoid production in an oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 10032 by promoting carotenoid biosynthesis genes. These genes undergo two-step transcriptional activation. The potential light regulator, Cryptochrome DASH (CRY1), has been suggested to contribute to this mechanism. In this study, based on KU70 (a component of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ)) disrupting background, CRY1 disruptant was constructed to clarify CRY1 function. From analysis of CRY1 disruptant, it was suggested that CRY1 has the activation role of the carotenogenic gene expression. To obtain further insights into the light response, mutants varying carotenoid production were generated. Through analysis of mutants, the existence of the control two-step gene activation was proposed. In addition, our data analysis showed the strong possibility that R. toruloides NBRC 10032 is a homo-diploid strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Dung Pham
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yuuki Hakozaki
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeru Takamizawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamazaki
- Biological Resource Center, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), Chiba, Japan
| | - Harutake Yamazaki
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Sachiyo Aburatani
- AIST-Waseda University Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Kuhara
- Graduate School of Genetic Resource Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takaku
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shida
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
| | - Wataru Ogasawara
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan
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Shen P, Wang W, Xu S, Du Z, Wang W, Yu B, Zhang J. Biotransformation of Erythrodiol for New Food Supplements with Anti-Inflammatory Properties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:5910-5916. [PMID: 32351112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Erythrodiol, a typical pentacyclic triterpenic diol in olive oil and its byproduct, olive pomace, frequently appears in food additives for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases because of its antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. To develop new derivatives of erythrodiol (1), preparative biotransformations were investigated through Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273, Penicilium griseofulvum CICC 40293, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and ten new (1a-1j) and one known metabolites were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, relative to 1, most metabolites exhibited lower toxicity and more potent inhibitory activities against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In particular, the glycosylated metabolite 1k showed a dramatically increased inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 2.40 μM, which is even lower than that of quercetin. Thus, biotransformation of erythrodiol is a viable strategy for discovering new triterpenes as food supplements with anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P. R. China
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9
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Pham KD, Shida Y, Miyata A, Takamizawa T, Suzuki Y, Ara S, Yamazaki H, Masaki K, Mori K, Aburatani S, Hirakawa H, Tashiro K, Kuhara S, Takaku H, Ogasawara W. Effect of light on carotenoid and lipid production in the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1501-1512. [PMID: 32189572 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1740581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The oleaginous yeast Rhodosporodium toruloides is receiving widespread attention as an alternative energy source for biofuels due to its unicellular nature, high growth rate and because it can be fermented on a large-scale. In this study, R. toruloides was cultured under both light and dark conditions in order to understand the light response involved in lipid and carotenoid biosynthesis. Our results from phenotype and gene expression analysis showed that R. toruloides responded to light by producing darker pigmentation with an associated increase in carotenoid production. Whilst there was no observable difference in lipid production, slight changes in the fatty acid composition were recorded. Furthermore, a two-step response was found in three genes (GGPSI, CAR1, and CAR2) under light conditions and the expression of the gene encoding the photoreceptor CRY1 was similarly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh Dung Pham
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology , Niigata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shida
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology , Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyata
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology , Niigata, Japan
| | - Takeru Takamizawa
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology , Niigata, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Suzuki
- Advanced Course, National Institute of Technology, Nagaoka College , Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ara
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences , Niigata, Japan
| | - Harutake Yamazaki
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences , Niigata, Japan
| | - Kazuo Masaki
- Brewing Technology Division, National Research Institute of Brewing (NRIB) , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mori
- Advance Course, National Institute of Technology, Kagoshima College , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Aburatani
- AIST-Waseda University Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Hirakawa
- Facility for Genome Informatics, Kazusa DNA Research Institute , Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tashiro
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Kuhara
- Graduate School of Genetic Resource Technology, Kyushu University , Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takaku
- Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences , Niigata, Japan
| | - Wataru Ogasawara
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology , Niigata, Japan
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10
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Morowvat MH, Goharian S, Ghasemi Y. Investigation of Antioxidant Properties of Three Naturally Isolated Microalgae: Identification and Bioinformatics Evaluation of the Most Efficient Strain. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2020; 13:277-283. [PMID: 31241022 DOI: 10.2174/1872208313666190625122911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In this study, three naturally isolated species of microalgae were investigated for their antioxidant activity using DPPH assay and polyphenol contents through Folin-ciocalteu analysis. METHODS Three different solvents including hexane, ethyl acetate and water, which present different polarities were utilized to extract the bioactive components from three different microalgal strains. RESULTS The investigated species exhibited considerable amounts of antioxidants (25.88 ± 0.48 µmol Trolox g-1 in Scenedesmus obliquus) and polyphenol compounds (27.14 ± 0.40 mg GAE g-1 in Chlorella vulgaris). The observed correlation coefficient (R2=0.8265) between the two studied parameters confirmed the great contribution of the phenolic compounds in the observed antioxidant activities. CONCLUSION The phylogenetics and other bioinformatic tools were confirmed as a useful method for identification of the most prominent species. The obtained data and patents warrant the potentials of naturally isolated microalgal strains for obtaining different antioxidant and polyphenolic bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71348-14366, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Goharian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, International Branch, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71348-14366, Shiraz, Iran
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Ahmed S, Busetti A, Fotiadou P, Vincy Jose N, Reid S, Georgieva M, Brown S, Dunbar H, Beurket-Ascencio G, Delday MI, Ettorre A, Mulder IE. In vitro Characterization of Gut Microbiota-Derived Bacterial Strains With Neuroprotective Properties. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:402. [PMID: 31619962 PMCID: PMC6763572 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are disabling, incurable, and progressive conditions characterized by neuronal loss and decreased cognitive function. Changes in gut microbiome composition have been linked to a number of neurodegenerative diseases, indicating a role for the gut-brain axis. Here, we show how specific gut-derived bacterial strains can modulate neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in vitro through the production of specific metabolites and discuss the potential therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders. A panel of fifty gut bacterial strains was screened for their ability to reduce pro-inflammatory IL-6 secretion in U373 glioblastoma astrocytoma cells. Parabacteroides distasonis MRx0005 and Megasphaera massiliensis MRx0029 had the strongest capacity to reduce IL-6 secretion in vitro. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, and both bacterial strains displayed intrinsic antioxidant capacity. While MRx0005 showed a general antioxidant activity on different brain cell lines, MRx0029 only protected differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells from chemically induced oxidative stress. MRx0029 also induced a mature phenotype in undifferentiated neuroblastoma cells through upregulation of microtubule-associated protein 2. Interestingly, short-chain fatty acid analysis revealed that MRx0005 mainly produced C1-C3 fatty acids, while MRx0029 produced C4-C6 fatty acids, specifically butyric, valeric and hexanoic acid. None of the short-chain fatty acids tested protected neuroblastoma cells from chemically induced oxidative stress. However, butyrate was able to reduce neuroinflammation in vitro, and the combination of butyrate and valerate induced neuronal maturation, albeit not to the same degree as the complex cell-free supernatant of MRx0029. This observation was confirmed by solvent extraction of cell-free supernatants, where only MRx0029 methanolic fractions containing butyrate and valerate showed an anti-inflammatory activity in U373 cells and retained the ability to differentiate neuroblastoma cells. In summary, our results suggest that the pleiotropic nature of live biotherapeutics, as opposed to isolated metabolites, could be a promising novel drug class in drug discovery for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaad Ahmed
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Reid
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Margaret I Delday
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom.,School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Ettorre
- 4D Pharma Research Ltd., Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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13
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Tanner K, Martorell P, Genovés S, Ramón D, Zacarías L, Rodrigo MJ, Peretó J, Porcar M. Bioprospecting the Solar Panel Microbiome: High-Throughput Screening for Antioxidant Bacteria in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:986. [PMID: 31134025 PMCID: PMC6514134 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial communities that are exposed to sunlight typically share a series of adaptations to deal with the radiation they are exposed to, including efficient DNA repair systems, pigment production and protection against oxidative stress, which makes these environments good candidates for the search of novel antioxidant microorganisms. In this research project, we isolated potential antioxidant pigmented bacteria from a dry and highly-irradiated extreme environment: solar panels. High-throughput in vivo assays using Caenorhabditis elegans as an experimental model demonstrated the high antioxidant and ultraviolet-protection properties of these bacterial isolates that proved to be rich in carotenoids. Our results suggest that solar panels harbor a microbial community that includes strains with potential applications as antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lorenzo Zacarías
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodrigo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Spain
| | - Juli Peretó
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L., Paterna, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Manuel Porcar
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L., Paterna, Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia-CSIC, Paterna, Spain
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14
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Soong YHV, Liu N, Yoon S, Lawton C, Xie D. Cellular and metabolic engineering of oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for bioconversion of hydrophobic substrates into high-value products. Eng Life Sci 2019; 19:423-443. [PMID: 32625020 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-conventional oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is able to utilize both hydrophilic and hydrophobic carbon sources as substrates and convert them into value-added bioproducts such as organic acids, extracellular proteins, wax esters, long-chain diacids, fatty acid ethyl esters, carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids. Metabolic pathway analysis and previous research results show that hydrophobic substrates are potentially more preferred by Y. lipolytica than hydrophilic substrates to make high-value products at higher productivity, titer, rate, and yield. Hence, Y. lipolytica is becoming an efficient and promising biomanufacturing platform due to its capabilities in biosynthesis of extracellular lipases and directly converting the extracellular triacylglycerol oils and fats into high-value products. It is believed that the cell size and morphology of the Y. lipolytica is related to the cell growth, nutrient uptake, and product formation. Dimorphic Y. lipolytica demonstrates the yeast-to-hypha transition in response to the extracellular environments and genetic background. Yeast-to-hyphal transition regulating genes, such as YlBEM1, YlMHY1 and YlZNC1 and so forth, have been identified to involve as major transcriptional factors that control morphology transition in Y. lipolytica. The connection of the cell polarization including cell cycle and the dimorphic transition with the cell size and morphology in Y. lipolytica adapting to new growth are reviewed and discussed. This review also summarizes the general and advanced genetic tools that are used to build a Y. lipolytica biomanufacturing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hue Valerie Soong
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA
| | - Na Liu
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA
| | - Carl Lawton
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA
| | - Dongming Xie
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center Department of Chemical Engineering University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA
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15
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Efficient monooxygenase-catalyzed piceatannol production: Application of cyclodextrins for reducing product inhibition. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:478-481. [PMID: 29764766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Piceatannol is a rare, costly plant-based stilbene derivative and exhibits various health-enhancing properties. Recently, we demonstrated that piceatannol could be produced from resveratrol through site-selective hydroxylation using Escherichia coli cells expressing the monooxygenase HpaBC. However, piceatannol production ceased at approximately 25 mM, even when sufficient levels of the substrate resveratrol remained in the reaction mixture. In this study, we found that high concentrations (>20-25 mM) of piceatannol significantly inhibited the HpaBC-catalyzed reaction. Cyclodextrins (CDs) reportedly encapsulate various hydrophobic compounds. We found that the addition of β-CD or γ-CD to the reaction mixture reduced the inhibition caused by the product piceatannol. The effects of β-CD on piceatannol production were more pronounced than those of γ-CD at high concentrations of the substrate resveratrol and CDs. The production of piceatannol reached 49 mM (12 g L-1) in the presence of β-CD, a level twice that achieved in the absence of β-CD. The technique described here might be applicable to the bioproduction of other stilbenes and structurally related compounds.
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16
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Ledesma-Escobar CA, Priego-Capote F, Robles Olvera VJ, Luque de Castro MD. Targeted Analysis of the Concentration Changes of Phenolic Compounds in Persian Lime (Citrus latifolia) during Fruit Growth. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1813-1820. [PMID: 29400054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruits possess a high content of phenolic compounds; however, few studies have focused on the changes occurring during fruit growth. In this study, the changes in the concentration of 20 flavonoids, 4 phenolic acids, and their biosynthetic precursors phenylalanine and tyrosine have been evaluated during fruit maturation (14 weeks). Extracts from all samples, obtained by ultrasound assistance, were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with a triple quad system (LC-QqQ MS/MS). In general, the concentration of flavanones, which represented over 70% of the studied phenols, and flavones increased during fruit growth, reaching their maximum concentration around week 12. In general, flavanols and phenolic acids exhibited their maximum concentration at week 5 and then decreasing significantly during the rest of maturation. Phenylalanine and tyrosine showed a sinuous behavior during fruit growth. Partial least-squares showed a clear differentiation among fruits belonging to different maturation stages, coumaric acid derivatives being the most influential variables on the projection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Ledesma-Escobar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba , Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- University of Córdoba Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3 , Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- Tecnológico Nacional de México - Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Av. Miguel Ángel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91797, México
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba , Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- University of Córdoba Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3 , Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba , E-14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Víctor J Robles Olvera
- Tecnológico Nacional de México - Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Av. Miguel Ángel de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz, Ver. 91797, México
| | - María D Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba , Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- University of Córdoba Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3 , Campus of Rabanales, E-14071, Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba , E-14014, Córdoba, Spain
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17
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Recent advances in microbial production of aromatic natural products and their derivatives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 102:47-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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18
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Larroude M, Celinska E, Back A, Thomas S, Nicaud JM, Ledesma-Amaro R. A synthetic biology approach to transform Yarrowia lipolytica into a competitive biotechnological producer of β-carotene. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 115:464-472. [PMID: 28986998 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increasing market demands of β-carotene as colorant, antioxidant and vitamin precursor, requires novel biotechnological production platforms. Yarrowia lipolytica, is an industrial organism unable to naturally synthesize carotenoids but with the ability to produce high amounts of the precursor Acetyl-CoA. We first found that a lipid overproducer strain was capable of producing more β-carotene than a wild type after expressing the heterologous pathway. Thereafter, we developed a combinatorial synthetic biology approach base on Golden Gate DNA assembly to screen the optimum promoter-gene pairs for each transcriptional unit expressed. The best strain reached a production titer of 1.5 g/L and a maximum yield of 0.048 g/g of glucose in flask. β-carotene production was further increased in controlled conditions using a fed-batch fermentation. A total production of β-carotene of 6.5 g/L and 90 mg/g DCW with a concomitant production of 42.6 g/L of lipids was achieved. Such high titers suggest that engineered Y. lipolytica is a competitive producer organism of β-carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Larroude
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Ewelina Celinska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alexandre Back
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Stephan Thomas
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Nicaud
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- BIMLip, Biologie Intégrative du Métabolisme Lipidique Team, Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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19
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Xie D. Integrating Cellular and Bioprocess Engineering in the Non-Conventional Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for Biodiesel Production: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:65. [PMID: 29090211 PMCID: PMC5650997 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the major biofuels to replace fossil fuel, biodiesel has now attracted more and more attention due to its advantages in higher energy density and overall less greenhouse gas generation. Biodiesel (fatty acid alkyl esters) is produced by chemically or enzymatically catalyzed transesterification of lipids from microbial cells, microalgae, oil crops, or animal fats. Currently, plant oils or waste cooking oils/fats remain the major source for biodiesel production via enzymatic route, but the production capacity is limited either by the uncertain supplement of plant oils or by the low or inconsistent quality of waste oils/fats. In the past decades, significant progresses have been made on synthesis of microalgae oils directly from CO2via a photosynthesis process, but the production cost from any current technologies is still too high to be commercialized due to microalgae’s slow growth rate on CO2, inefficiency in photo-bioreactors, lack of efficient contamination control methods, and high cost in downstream recovery. At the same time, many oleaginous microorganisms have been studied to produce lipids via the fatty acid synthesis pathway under aerobic fermentation conditions, among them one of the most studied is the non-conventional yeast, Yarrowia lipolytica, which is able to produce fatty acids at very high titer, rate, and yield from various economical substrates. This review summarizes the recent research progresses in both cellular and bioprocess engineering in Y. lipolytica to produce lipids at a low cost that may lead to commercial-scale biodiesel production. Specific technologies include the strain engineering for using various substrates, metabolic engineering in high-yield lipid synthesis, cell morphology study for efficient substrate uptake and product formation, free fatty acid formation and secretion for improved downstream recovery, and fermentation engineering for higher productivities and less operating cost. To further improve the economics of the microbial oil-based biodiesel, production of lipid-related or -derived high-value products are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Xie
- Massachusetts Biomanufacturing Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
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20
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Shen X, Mahajani M, Wang J, Yang Y, Yuan Q, Yan Y, Lin Y. Elevating 4-hydroxycoumarin production through alleviating thioesterase-mediated salicoyl-CoA degradation. Metab Eng 2017; 42:59-65. [PMID: 28587908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acyl-CoAs are essential intermediates in the biosynthetic pathways of a number of industrially and pharmaceutically important molecules. When these pathways are reconstituted in a heterologous microbial host for metabolic engineering purposes, the acyl-CoAs may be subject to undesirable hydrolysis by the host's native thioesterases, resulting in a waste of cellular energy and decreased intermediate availability, thus impairing bioconversion efficiency. 4-hydroxycoumarin (4HC) is a direct synthetic precursor to the commonly used oral anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) and rodenticides. In our previous study, we have established an artificial pathway for 4HC biosynthesis in Escherichia coli, which involves the thioester intermediate salicoyl-CoA. Here, we utilized the 4HC pathway as a demonstration to examine the negative effect of salicoyl-CoA degradaton, identify and inactivate the responsible thioesterase, and eventually improve the 4HC production. We screened a total of 16 E. coli thioesterases and tested their hydrolytic activity towards salicoyl-CoA in vitro. Among all the tested candidate enzymes, YdiI was found to be the dominant contributor to the salicoyl-CoA degradation in E. coli. Remarkably, the ydiI knockout strain carrying the 4HC pathway exhibited an up to 300% increase in 4HC production. An optimized 4HC pathway construct introduced in the ydiI knockout strain led to the accumulation of 935mg/L of 4HC in shake flasks, which is about 1.5 folds higher than the wild-type strain. This study demonstrates a systematic strategy to alleviate the undesirable hydrolysis of thioester intermediates, allowing production enhancement for other biosynthetic pathways with similar issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | | | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yajun Yan
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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21
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Shen X, Wang J, Wang J, Chen Z, Yuan Q, Yan Y. High-level De novo biosynthesis of arbutin in engineered Escherichia coli. Metab Eng 2017; 42:52-58. [PMID: 28583673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Arbutin is a hydroquinone glucoside compound existing in various plants. It is widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries owing to its well-known skin-lightening property as well as anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Currently, arbutin is usually produced by plant extraction or enzymatic processes, which suffer from low product yield and expensive processing cost. In this work, we established an artificial pathway in Escherichia coli for high-level production of arbutin from simple carbon sources. First, a 4-hydroxybenzoate 1-hydroxylase from Candida parapsilosis CBS604 and a glucosyltransferase from Rauvolfia serpentina were characterized by in vitro enzyme assays. Introduction of these two genes into E. coli led to the production of 54.71mg/L of arbutin from glucose. Further redirection of carbon flux into arbutin biosynthesis pathway by enhancing shikimate pathway genes enabled production of 3.29g/L arbutin, which is a 60-fold increase compared with the initial strain. Final optimization of glucose concentration added in the culture medium was able to further improve the titer of arbutin to 4.19g/L in shake flasks experiments, which is around 77-fold higher than that of initial strain. This work established de novo biosynthesis of arbutin from simple carbon sources and provided a generalizable strategy for the biosynthesis of shikimate pathway derived chemicals. The high titer achieved in our engineered strain also indicates the potential for industrial scale bio-manufacturing of arbutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhenya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yajun Yan
- College of Engineering, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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22
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Lin X, Gao N, Liu S, Zhang S, Song S, Ji C, Dong X, Su Y, Zhao ZK, Zhu B. Characterization the carotenoid productions and profiles of threeRhodosporidiumtoruloidesmutants fromAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Yeast 2017; 34:335-342. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Sasa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Sufang Zhang
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuping Dong
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
| | - Yichen Su
- Seafood Research and Education Center; Oregon State University; Astoria Oregon 97103 USA
| | - Zongbao Kent Zhao
- Division of Biotechnology; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Dalian 116023 People's Republic of China
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood; Dalian 116034 People's Republic of China
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23
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Changes in the composition of the polar fraction of Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) during fruit growth by LC-QTOF MS/MS analysis. Food Chem 2017; 234:262-268. [PMID: 28551235 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Citrus possess a large number of bioactive compounds mainly studied in ripe fruits. Few studies have focused on evolution of metabolites during fruit growth. In this study, fruits were sampled from weeks 1-14 of the ripening process. Polar extracts were obtained from all collected samples and analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analysis of variance applied to the dataset indicated that the relative concentration of 394 out of 423 molecular entities changed significantly during maturation. Principal component analysis showed a clear separation among samples from different weeks and revealed the main compounds responsible for differentiation. Additionally, 72 metabolites were tentatively identified and changes in their relative concentration during growth were individually analysed. The observed trends in relative concentrations of representative metabolites during the growth process are discussed.
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24
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Wang J, Jain R, Shen X, Sun X, Cheng M, Liao JC, Yuan Q, Yan Y. Rational engineering of diol dehydratase enables 1,4-butanediol biosynthesis from xylose. Metab Eng 2017; 40:148-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Joo JC, Khusnutdinova AN, Flick R, Kim T, Bornscheuer UT, Yakunin AF, Mahadevan R. Alkene hydrogenation activity of enoate reductases for an environmentally benign biosynthesis of adipic acid. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1406-1413. [PMID: 28616142 PMCID: PMC5460604 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02842j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipic acid, a precursor for Nylon-6,6 polymer, is one of the most important commodity chemicals, which is currently produced from petroleum. The biosynthesis of adipic acid from glucose still remains challenging due to the absence of biocatalysts required for the hydrogenation of unsaturated six-carbon dicarboxylic acids to adipic acid. Here, we demonstrate the first enzymatic hydrogenation of 2-hexenedioic acid and muconic acid to adipic acid using enoate reductases (ERs). ERs can hydrogenate 2-hexenedioic acid and muconic acid producing adipic acid with a high conversion rate and yield in vivo and in vitro. Purified ERs exhibit a broad substrate spectrum including aromatic and aliphatic 2-enoates and a significant oxygen tolerance. The discovery of the hydrogenation activity of ERs contributes to an understanding of the catalytic mechanism of these poorly characterized enzymes and enables the environmentally benign biosynthesis of adipic acid and other chemicals from renewable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Chan Joo
- Center for Bio-based Chemistry , Division of Convergence Chemistry , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology , 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu , Daejeon 34114 , Republic of Korea .
| | - Anna N Khusnutdinova
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , 200 College Street , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada . ;
| | - Robert Flick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , 200 College Street , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada . ;
| | - Taeho Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , 200 College Street , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada . ;
| | - Uwe T Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry , Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis , Greifswald University , Felix-Hausdorff-Strasse 4 , 17487 Greifswald , Germany
| | - Alexander F Yakunin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , 200 College Street , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada . ;
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahadevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry , University of Toronto , 200 College Street , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada . ;
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26
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Li YX, Pan YG, He FP, Yuan MQ, Li SB. Pathway Analysis and Metabolites Identification by Metabolomics of Etiolation Substrate from Fresh-Cut Chinese Water Chestnut (Eleocharis tuberosa). Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21121648. [PMID: 27916965 PMCID: PMC6273810 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh-cut Chinese water chestnuts (CWC) turn yellow after being peeled, reducing their shelf life and commercial value. Metabolomics, the systematic study of the full complement of small molecular metabolites, was useful for clarifying the mechanism of fresh-cut CWC etiolation and developing methods to inhibit yellowing. In this study, metabolic alterations associated with etiolation at different growth stages (0 day, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days) from fresh-cut CWC were investigated using LC–MS and analyzed by pattern recognition methods (principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA)). The metabolic pathways of the etiolation molecules were elucidated. The main metabolic pathway appears to be the conversion of phenylalanine to p-coumaroyl-CoA, followed by conversion to naringenin chalcone, to naringenin, and naringenin then following different pathways. Firstly, it can transform into apigenin and its derivatives; secondly, it can produce eriodictyol and its derivatives; and thirdly it can produce dihydrokaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin. The eriodictyol can be further transformed to luteolin, cyanidin, dihydroquercetin, dihydrotricetin, and others. This is the first reported use of metabolomics to study the metabolic pathways of the etiolation of fresh-cut CWC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiao Li
- College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Yong-Gui Pan
- College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Feng-Ping He
- College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Meng-Qi Yuan
- College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Shang-Bin Li
- College of Food, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Guleria S, Zhou J, Koffas MA. Nutraceuticals (Vitamin C, Carotenoids, Resveratrol). Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807833.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Guleria
- Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology; Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences; Main Campus Chatha Jammu 180 009 India
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Jiangnan University; Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology; 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Mattheos A.G. Koffas
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies; 110 8th Street Troy NY 12180 USA
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28
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Morowvat MH, Ghasemi Y. Evaluation of antioxidant properties of some naturally isolated microalgae: Identification and characterization of the most efficient strain. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Xu X, Jin W, Jiang L, Xu Q, Li S, Zhang Z, Huang H. A high-throughput screening method for identifying lycopene-overproducing E. coli strain based on an antioxidant capacity assay. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Strategies for enhancing resveratrol production and the expression of pathway enzymes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:7407-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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31
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ur Rahman U, Khan MI, Sohaib M, Sahar A, Ishaq A. Exploiting microorganisms to develop improved functional meat sausages: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2016.1175012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ubaid ur Rahman
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohaib
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sahar
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anum Ishaq
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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32
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Effect of sample pretreatment on the extraction of lemon (Citrus limon) components. Talanta 2016; 153:386-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Yang J, Nie Q. Engineering Escherichia coli to convert acetic acid to β-caryophyllene. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:74. [PMID: 27149950 PMCID: PMC4857421 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Under aerobic conditions, acetic acid is the major byproduct produced by E. coli during the fermentation. And acetic acid is detrimental to cell growth as it destroys transmembrane pH gradients. Hence, how to reduce the production of acetic acid and how to utilize it as a feedstock are of intriguing interest. In this study, we provided an evidence to produce β-caryophyllene by the engineered E. coli using acetic acid as the only carbon source. Results Firstly, to construct the robust acetate-utilizing strain, acetyl-CoA synthases from three different sources were introduced and screened in the E. coli. Secondly, to establish the engineered strains converting acetic acid to β-caryophyllene, acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS), β-caryophyllene synthase (QHS1) and geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS2) were co-expressed in the E. coli cells. Thirdly, to further enhance β-caryophyllene production from acetic acid, the heterologous MVA pathway was introduced into the cells. What’s more, acetoacetyl-CoA synthase (AACS) was also expressed in the cells to increase the precursor acetoacetyl-CoA and accordingly resulted in the increase of β-caryophyllene. The final genetically modified strain, YJM67, could accumulate the production of biomass and β-caryophyllene up to 12.6 and 1.05 g/L during 72 h, respectively, with a specific productivity of 1.15 mg h−1 g−1 dry cells, and the conversion efficiency of acetic acid to β-caryophyllene (gram to gram) reached 2.1 %. The yield of β-caryophyllene on acetic acid of this strain also reached approximately 5.6 % of the theoretical yield. Conclusions In the present study, a novel biosynthetic pathway for β-caryophyllene has been investigated by means of conversion of acetic acid to β-caryophyllene using an engineered Escherichia coli. This was the first successful attempt in β-caryophyllene production by E. coli using acetic acid as the only carbon source. Therefore, we have provided a new metabolic engineering tool for β-caryophyllene synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yang
- Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong Province; College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China. .,Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No.700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Qingjuan Nie
- Foreign Languages School, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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Kumar M, Yadav AK, Verma V, Singh B, Mal G, Nagpal R, Hemalatha R. Bioengineered probiotics as a new hope for health and diseases: an overview of potential and prospects. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:585-600. [PMID: 27070955 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.16.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of microorganisms as therapeutics for over a century, the scientific and clinical admiration of their potential is a recent phenomenon. Genome sequencing and genetic engineering has enabled researchers to develop novel strategies, such as bioengineered probiotics or pharmabiotics, which may become a therapeutic strategy. Bioengineered probiotics with multiple immunogenic or antagonistic properties could be a viable option to improve human health. The bacteria are tailored to deliver drugs, therapeutic proteins or gene therapy vectors with precision and a higher degree of site specificity than conventional drug administration regimes. This article provides an overview of methodological concepts, thereby encouraging research and interest in this topic, with the ultimate goal of using designer probiotics as therapeutics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
| | - Vinod Verma
- Centre of Biotechnology, Nehru Science Complex, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Birbal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Gorakh Mal
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Regional Station, Palampur, India
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Probiotics Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo
| | - Rajkumar Hemalatha
- Department of Clinical Microbiology & Immunology, National Institute of Nutrition, ICMR Hyderabad, India
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Sun X, Shen X, Jain R, Lin Y, Wang J, Sun J, Wang J, Yan Y, Yuan Q. Synthesis of chemicals by metabolic engineering of microbes. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 44:3760-85. [PMID: 25940754 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00159e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic engineering is a powerful tool for the sustainable production of chemicals. Over the years, the exploration of microbial, animal and plant metabolism has generated a wealth of valuable genetic information. The prudent application of this knowledge on cellular metabolism and biochemistry has enabled the construction of novel metabolic pathways that do not exist in nature or enhance existing ones. The hand in hand development of computational technology, protein science and genetic manipulation tools has formed the basis of powerful emerging technologies that make the production of green chemicals and fuels a reality. Microbial production of chemicals is more feasible compared to plant and animal systems, due to simpler genetic make-up and amenable growth rates. Here, we summarize the recent progress in the synthesis of biofuels, value added chemicals, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals via metabolic engineering of microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15#, Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
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Wang J, Guleria S, Koffas MA, Yan Y. Microbial production of value-added nutraceuticals. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 37:97-104. [PMID: 26716360 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals are important natural bioactive compounds that confer health-promoting and medical benefits to humans. Globally growing demands for value-added nutraceuticals for prevention and treatment of human diseases have rendered nutraceuticals a multi-billion dollar market. However, supply limitations and extraction difficulties from natural sources such as plants, animals or fungi, restrict the large-scale use of nutraceuticals. Metabolic engineering via microbial production platforms has been advanced as an eco-friendly alternative approach for production of value-added nutraceuticals from simple carbon sources. Microbial platforms like the most widely used Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been engineered as versatile cell factories for production of diverse and complex value-added chemicals such as phytochemicals, prebiotics, polysaccaharides and poly amino acids. This review highlights the recent progresses in biological production of value-added nutraceuticals via metabolic engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Sanjay Guleria
- Division of Biochemistry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Main Campus Chatha-180009, Jammu, India
| | - Mattheos Ag Koffas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States; Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies (CBIS), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8(th) Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
| | - Yajun Yan
- BioChemical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States.
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Zhu Q, Jackson EN. Metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for industrial applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 36:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Jones JA, Collins SM, Vernacchio VR, Lachance DM, Koffas MAG. Optimization of naringenin and p-coumaric acid hydroxylation using the native E. coli hydroxylase complex, HpaBC. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 32:21-5. [PMID: 26488898 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a growing class of bioactive natural products with distinct and interesting bioactivity both in vitro and in vivo. The extraction of flavonoids from plant sources is limited by their low natural abundance and commonly results in a mixture of products that are difficult to separate. However, due to recent advances, the microbial production of plant natural products has developed as a promising alternative for flavonoid production. Through optimization of media, induction temperature, induction point, and substrate delay time, we demonstrate the highest conversion of naringenin to eriodictyol (62.7 ± 2.7 mg/L) to date, using the native E. coli hydroxylase complex, HpaBC. We also show the first evidence of in vivo HpaBC activity towards the monohydroxylated flavan-3-ol afzelechin with catechin product titers of 34.7 ± 1.5 mg/L. This work confirms the wide applicability of HpaBC towards realizing efficient de novo production of various orthohydroxylated flavonoids and flavonoid derived products in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Andrew Jones
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180
| | - Shannon M Collins
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180
| | - Victoria R Vernacchio
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180
| | - Daniel M Lachance
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180
| | - Mattheos A G Koffas
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180.,Dept. of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Inst., Troy, NY, 12180
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De Bruyn F, Van Brempt M, Maertens J, Van Bellegem W, Duchi D, De Mey M. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli into a versatile glycosylation platform: production of bio-active quercetin glycosides. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:138. [PMID: 26377568 PMCID: PMC4573293 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Flavonoids are bio-active specialized plant metabolites which mainly occur as different glycosides. Due to the increasing market demand, various biotechnological approaches have been developed which use Escherichia coli as a microbial catalyst for the stereospecific glycosylation of flavonoids. Despite these efforts, most processes still display low production rates and titers, which render them unsuitable for large-scale applications. Results In this contribution, we expanded a previously developed in vivo glucosylation platform in E. coli W, into an efficient system for selective galactosylation and rhamnosylation. The rational of the novel metabolic engineering strategy constitutes of the introduction of an alternative sucrose metabolism in the form of a sucrose phosphorylase, which cleaves sucrose into fructose and glucose 1-phosphate as precursor for UDP-glucose. To preserve these intermediates for glycosylation purposes, metabolization reactions were knocked-out. Due to the pivotal role of UDP-glucose, overexpression of the interconverting enzymes galE and MUM4 ensured the formation of both UDP-galactose and UDP-rhamnose, respectively. By additionally supplying exogenously fed quercetin and overexpressing a flavonol galactosyltransferase (F3GT) or a rhamnosyltransferase (RhaGT), 0.94 g/L hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-galactoside) and 1.12 g/L quercitrin (quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside) could be produced, respectively. In addition, both strains showed activity towards other promising dietary flavonols like kaempferol, fisetin, morin and myricetin. Conclusions Two E. coli W mutants were engineered that could effectively produce the bio-active flavonol glycosides hyperoside and quercitrin starting from the cheap substrates sucrose and quercetin. This novel fermentation-based glycosylation strategy will allow the economically viable production of various glycosides. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0326-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Bruyn
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Van Brempt
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jo Maertens
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wouter Van Bellegem
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Dries Duchi
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marjan De Mey
- Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Development of a Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain for Overproduction of the Plant Pigment Anthocyanin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:6276-84. [PMID: 26150456 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01448-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble colored pigments found in terrestrial plants and are responsible for the red, blue, and purple coloration of many flowers and fruits. In addition to the plethora of health benefits associated with anthocyanins (cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties), these compounds have attracted widespread attention due to their promising potential as natural food colorants. Previously, we reported the biotransformation of anthocyanin, specifically cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G), from the substrate (+)-catechin in Escherichia coli. In the present work, we set out to systematically improve C3G titers by enhancing substrate and precursor availability, balancing gene expression level, and optimizing cultivation and induction parameters. We first identified E. coli transporter proteins that are responsible for the uptake of catechin and secretion of C3G. We then improved the expression of the heterologous pathway enzymes anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and 3-O-glycosyltransferase (3GT) using a bicistronic expression cassette. Next, we augmented the intracellular availability of the critical precursor UDP-glucose, which has been known as the rate-limiting precursor to produce glucoside compounds. Further optimization of culture and induction conditions led to a final titer of 350 mg/liter of C3G. We also developed a convenient colorimetric assay for easy screening of C3G overproducers. The work reported here constitutes a promising foundation to develop a cost-effective process for large-scale production of plant-derived anthocyanin from recombinant microorganisms.
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Jain R, Huang J, Yuan Q, Yan Y. Engineering microaerobic metabolism of E. coli for 1,2-propanediol production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 42:1049-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Establishment of novel metabolic pathways for biosynthesis of chemicals, fuels and pharmaceuticals has been demonstrated in Escherichia coli due to its ease of genetic manipulation and adaptability to varying oxygen levels. E. coli growing under microaerobic condition is known to exhibit features of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. In this work, we attempt to engineer this metabolism for production of 1,2-propanediol. We first redirect the carbon flux by disrupting carbon-competing pathways to increase the production of 1,2-propanediol microaerobically from 0.25 to 0.85 g/L. We then disrupt the first committed step of E. coli’s ubiquinone biosynthesis pathway (ubiC) to prevent the oxidation of NADH in microaerobic conditions. Coupling this strategy with carbon flux redirection leads to enhanced production of 1,2-propanediol at 1.2 g/L. This work demonstrates the production of non-native reduced chemicals in E. coli by engineering its microaerobic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Jain
- grid.213876.9 000000041936738X College of Engineering University of Georgia 30602 Athens GA USA
| | - Jin Huang
- grid.48166.3d 0000000099318406 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology 100029 Beijing China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- grid.48166.3d 0000000099318406 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology 100029 Beijing China
| | - Yajun Yan
- grid.213876.9 000000041936738X BioChemical Engineering Program, 615 Driftmier Engineering Center, College of Engineering University of Georgia 30602 Athens GA USA
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Dhammaraj T, Phintha A, Pinthong C, Medhanavyn D, Tinikul R, Chenprakhon P, Sucharitakul J, Vardhanabhuti N, Jiarpinitnun C, Chaiyen P. p-Hydroxyphenylacetate 3-Hydroxylase as a Biocatalyst for the Synthesis of Trihydroxyphenolic Acids. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taweesak Dhammaraj
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of
Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Aisaraphon Phintha
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of
Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chatchadaporn Pinthong
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of
Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Institute for Innovative Learning, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Dheeradhach Medhanavyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of
Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Ruchanok Tinikul
- Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan 60130, Thailand
| | - Pirom Chenprakhon
- Institute for Innovative Learning, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Jeerus Sucharitakul
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant
Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Nontima Vardhanabhuti
- Department of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jiarpinitnun
- Department of Chemistry
and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Center of
Excellence in Protein Structure and Function, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Jain R, Sun X, Yuan Q, Yan Y. Systematically engineering Escherichia coli for enhanced production of 1,2-propanediol and 1-propanol. ACS Synth Biol 2015; 4:746-56. [PMID: 25490349 DOI: 10.1021/sb500345t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The biological production of high value commodity 1,2-propanediol has been established by engineering the glycolysis pathway. However, the simultaneous achievement of high titer and high yield has not been reported yet, as all efforts in increasing the titer have resulted in low yields. In this work, we overcome this limitation by employing an optimal minimal set of enzymes, channeling the carbon flux into the 1,2-propanediol pathway, increasing NADH availability, and improving the anaerobic growth of the engineered Escherichia coli strain by developing a cell adaptation method. These efforts lead to 1,2-propanediol production at a titer of 5.13 g/L with a yield of 0.48 g/g glucose in 20 mL shake flask studies. On this basis, we pursue the enhancement of 1-propanol production from the 1,2-propanediol platform. By constructing a fusion diol dehydratase and developing a dual strain process, we achieve a 1-propanol titer of 2.91 g/L in 20 mL shake flask studies. To summarize, we report the production of 1,2-propanediol at enhanced titer and enhanced yield simultaneously in E. coli for the first time. Furthermore, we establish an efficient system for the production of biofuel 1-propanol biologically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinxiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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De Bruyn F, De Paepe B, Maertens J, Beauprez J, De Cocker P, Mincke S, Stevens C, De Mey M. Development of an in vivo glucosylation platform by coupling production to growth: Production of phenolic glucosides by a glycosyltransferase of Vitis vinifera. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1594-603. [PMID: 25728421 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation of small molecules can significantly alter their properties such as solubility, stability, and/or bioactivity, making glycosides attractive and highly demanded compounds. Consequently, many biotechnological glycosylation approaches have been developed, with enzymatic synthesis and whole-cell biocatalysis as the most prominent techniques. However, most processes still suffer from low yields, production rates and inefficient UDP-sugar formation. To this end, a novel metabolic engineering strategy is presented for the in vivo glucosylation of small molecules in Escherichia coli W. This strategy focuses on the introduction of an alternative sucrose metabolism using sucrose phosphorylase for the direct and efficient generation of glucose 1-phosphate as precursor for UDP-glucose formation and fructose, which serves as a carbon source for growth. By targeted gene deletions, a split metabolism is created whereby glucose 1-phosphate is rerouted from the glycolysis to product formation (i.e., glucosylation). Further, the production pathway was enhanced by increasing and preserving the intracellular UDP-glucose pool. Expression of a versatile glucosyltransferase from Vitis vinifera (VvGT2) enabled the strain to efficiently produce 14 glucose esters of various hydroxycinnamates and hydroxybenzoates with conversion yields up to 100%. To our knowledge, this fast growing (and simultaneously producing) E. coli mutant is the first versatile host described for the glucosylation of phenolic acids in a fermentative way using only sucrose as a cheap and sustainable carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Bruyn
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Brecht De Paepe
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Maertens
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joeri Beauprez
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter De Cocker
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stein Mincke
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christian Stevens
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjan De Mey
- Centre of Expertise - Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Kim SU, Kim KR, Kim JW, Kim S, Kwon YU, Oh DK, Park JB. Microbial synthesis of plant oxylipins from γ-linolenic acid through designed biotransformation pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:2773-2781. [PMID: 25715320 DOI: 10.1021/jf5058843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites of plants are often difficult to synthesize in high yields because of the large complexity of the biosynthetic pathways and challenges encountered in the functional expression of the required biosynthetic enzymes in microbial cells. In this study, the biosynthesis of plant oxylipins--a family of oxygenated unsaturated carboxylic acids--was explored to enable a high-yield production through a designed microbial synthetic system harboring a set of microbial enzymes (i.e., fatty acid double-bond hydratases, alcohol dehydrogenases, Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases, and esterases) to produce a variety of unsaturated carboxylic acids from γ-linolenic acid. The whole cell system of the recombinant Escherichia coli efficiently produced (6Z,9Z)-12-hydroxydodeca-6,9-dienoic acid (7), (Z)-9-hydroxynon-6-enoic acid (15), (Z)-dec-4-enedioic acid (17), and (6Z,9Z)-13-hydroxyoctadeca-6,9-dienoic acid (2). This study demonstrated that various secondary metabolites of plants can be produced by implementing artificial biosynthetic pathways into whole-cell biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyoung-Rok Kim
- §Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Deok-Kun Oh
- §Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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De Bruyn F, Maertens J, Beauprez J, Soetaert W, De Mey M. Biotechnological advances in UDP-sugar based glycosylation of small molecules. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:288-302. [PMID: 25698505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation of small molecules like specialized (secondary) metabolites has a profound impact on their solubility, stability or bioactivity, making glycosides attractive compounds as food additives, therapeutics or nutraceuticals. The subsequently growing market demand has fuelled the development of various biotechnological processes, which can be divided in the in vitro (using enzymes) or in vivo (using whole cells) production of glycosides. In this context, uridine glycosyltransferases (UGTs) have emerged as promising catalysts for the regio- and stereoselective glycosylation of various small molecules, hereby using uridine diphosphate (UDP) sugars as activated glycosyldonors. This review gives an extensive overview of the recently developed in vivo production processes using UGTs and discusses the major routes towards UDP-sugar formation. Furthermore, the use of interconverting enzymes and glycorandomization is highlighted for the production of unusual or new-to-nature glycosides. Finally, the technological challenges and future trends in UDP-sugar based glycosylation are critically evaluated and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Bruyn
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Maertens
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joeri Beauprez
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Soetaert
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjan De Mey
- Centre of Expertise-Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Department of Biochemical and Microbial Technology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Enzyme fusion for whole-cell biotransformation of long-chain sec-alcohols into esters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6267-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hara KY, Araki M, Okai N, Wakai S, Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Development of bio-based fine chemical production through synthetic bioengineering. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:173. [PMID: 25494636 PMCID: PMC4302092 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-014-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine chemicals that are physiologically active, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutritional supplements, flavoring agents as well as additives for foods, feed, and fertilizer are produced by enzymatically or through microbial fermentation. The identification of enzymes that catalyze the target reaction makes possible the enzymatic synthesis of the desired fine chemical. The genes encoding these enzymes are then introduced into suitable microbial hosts that are cultured with inexpensive, naturally abundant carbon sources, and other nutrients. Metabolic engineering create efficient microbial cell factories for producing chemicals at higher yields. Molecular genetic techniques are then used to optimize metabolic pathways of genetically and metabolically well-characterized hosts. Synthetic bioengineering represents a novel approach to employ a combination of computer simulation and metabolic analysis to design artificial metabolic pathways suitable for mass production of target chemicals in host strains. In the present review, we summarize recent studies on bio-based fine chemical production and assess the potential of synthetic bioengineering for further improving their productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Y Hara
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Michihiro Araki
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Naoko Okai
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Wakai
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Tomohisa Hasunuma
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.
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Production of salidroside in metabolically engineered Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6640. [PMID: 25323006 PMCID: PMC4200411 DOI: 10.1038/srep06640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside (1) is the most important bioactive component of Rhodiola (also called as “Tibetan Ginseng”), which is a valuable medicinal herb exhibiting several adaptogenic properties. Due to the inefficiency of plant extraction and chemical synthesis, the supply of salidroside (1) is currently limited. Herein, we achieved unprecedented biosynthesis of salidroside (1) from glucose in a microorganism. First, the pyruvate decarboxylase ARO10 and endogenous alcohol dehydrogenases were recruited to convert 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (2), an intermediate of L-tyrosine pathway, to tyrosol (3) in Escherichia coli. Subsequently, tyrosol production was improved by overexpressing the pathway genes, and by eliminating competing pathways and feedback inhibition. Finally, by introducing Rhodiola-derived glycosyltransferase UGT73B6 into the above-mentioned recombinant strain, salidroside (1) was produced with a titer of 56.9 mg/L. Interestingly, the Rhodiola-derived glycosyltransferase, UGT73B6, also catalyzed the attachment of glucose to the phenol position of tyrosol (3) to form icariside D2 (4), which was not reported in any previous literatures.
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Hiseni A, Arends IWCE, Otten LG. New Cofactor-Independent Hydration Biocatalysts: Structural, Biochemical, and Biocatalytic Characteristics of Carotenoid and Oleate Hydratases. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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