1
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Zhang Z, Yu C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Yan Y, Zhan Z, Yin S. Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101028. [PMID: 38590985 PMCID: PMC11000120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion applications of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) among optical nanomaterial field have long posed a challenge for researchers, promoting their intelligent application in multifunctional nano-imaging systems and integrated nanomedicine carriers for diagnosis and treatment. Despite notable progress, several inadequacies still persist in the field of Pdots, including the development of simplified near-infrared (NIR) optical nanoprobes, elucidation of their inherent biological behavior, and integration of information processing and nanotechnology into biomedical applications. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the current status of Pdots as a classical nanophotonic material by discussing its advantages and limitations in terms of biocompatibility, adaptability to microenvironments in vivo, etc. Multifunctional integration and surface chemistry play crucial roles in realizing the intelligent application of Pdots. Information visualization based on their optical and physicochemical properties is pivotal for achieving detection, sensing, and labeling probes. Therefore, we have refined the underlying mechanisms and constructed multiple comprehensive original mechanism summaries to establish a benchmark. Additionally, we have explored the cross-linking interactions between Pdots and nanomedicine, potential yet complete biological metabolic pathways, future research directions, and innovative solutions for integrating diagnosis and treatment strategies. This review presents the possible expectations and valuable insights for advancing Pdots, specifically from chemical, medical, and photophysical practitioners' standpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Yining Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Zhixin Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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2
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Ali MK, Javaid S, Afzal H, Zafar I, Fayyaz K, Ain Q, Rather MA, Hossain MJ, Rashid S, Khan KA, Sharma R. Exploring the multifunctional roles of quantum dots for unlocking the future of biology and medicine. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 232:116290. [PMID: 37295589 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With recent advancements in nanomedicines and their associated research with biological fields, their translation into clinically-applicable products is still below promises. Quantum dots (QDs) have received immense research attention and investment in the four decades since their discovery. We explored the extensive biomedical applications of QDs, viz. Bio-imaging, drug research, drug delivery, immune assays, biosensors, gene therapy, diagnostics, their toxic effects, and bio-compatibility. We unravelled the possibility of using emerging data-driven methodologies (bigdata, artificial intelligence, machine learning, high-throughput experimentation, computational automation) as excellent sources for time, space, and complexity optimization. We also discussed ongoing clinical trials, related challenges, and the technical aspects that should be considered to improve the clinical fate of QDs and promising future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif Ali
- Deparment of Physiology, Rashid Latif Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, 54700, Pakistan.
| | - Saher Javaid
- KAM School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (a Chartered University) Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Haseeb Afzal
- Department of ENT, Ameer Ud Din Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, 54700, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Zafar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Virtual University, Punjab, 54700, Pakistan.
| | - Kompal Fayyaz
- Department of National Centre for Bioinformatics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Quratul Ain
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Faisalabad (GCWUF), Punjab, 54700, Pakistan.
| | - Mohd Ashraf Rather
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries, Rangil- Gandarbal (SKAUST-K), India.
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Applied College, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Primrose WL, Mayder DM, Hojo R, Hudson ZM. Dibenzodipyridophenazines with Dendritic Electron Donors Exhibiting Deep-Red Emission and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. J Org Chem 2023; 88:4224-4233. [PMID: 36920272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The development of deep-red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters is important for applications such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and biological imaging. Design strategies for red-shifting emission include synthesizing rigid acceptor cores to limit nonradiative decay and employing strong electron-donating groups. In this work, three novel luminescent donor-acceptor compounds based on the dibenzo[a,c]dipyrido[3,2-h:20-30-j]-phenazine-12-yl (BPPZ) acceptor were prepared using dendritic carbazole-based donors 3,3″,6,6″-tetramethoxy-9'H-9,3':6',9″-tercarbazole (TMTC), N3,N3,N6,N6-tetra-p-tolyl-9H-carbazole-3,6-diamine (TTAC), and N3,N3,N6,N6-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole-3,6-diamine (TMAC). Here, dimethoxycarbazole, ditolylamine, and bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amine were introduced at the 3,6-positions of carbazole to increase the strength of these donors and induce long-wavelength emission. Substituent effects were investigated with experiments and theoretical calculations. The emission maxima of these materials in toluene were found to be 562, 658, and 680 nm for BPPZ-2TMTC, BPPZ-2TTAC, and BPPZ-2TMAC, respectively, highlighting the exceptional strength of the TMAC donor, which pushes the emission into the deep-red region of the visible spectrum as well as into the biological transparency window (650-1350 nm). Long-lived emission lifetimes were observed in each emitter due to TADF in BPPZ-2TMC and BPPZ-2TTAC, as well as room-temperature phosphorescence in BPPZ-2TMAC. Overall, this work showcases deep-red emissive dendritic donor-acceptor materials which have potential as bioimaging agents with emission in the biological transparency window.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Primrose
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Don M Mayder
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ryoga Hojo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zachary M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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4
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Deng S, Li L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang Z, Chen H. Semiconducting Polymer Dots for Point-of-Care Biosensing and In Vivo Bioimaging: A Concise Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010137. [PMID: 36671972 PMCID: PMC9855952 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have attracted much attention due to their excellent photophysical properties and applicability, such as large absorption cross section, high brightness, tunable fluorescence emission, excellent photostability, good biocompatibility, facile modification and regulation. Therefore, Pdots have been widely used in various types of sensing and imaging in biological medicine. More importantly, the recent development of Pdots for point-of-care biosensing and in vivo imaging has emerged as a promising class of optical diagnostic technologies for clinical applications. In this review, we briefly outline strategies for the preparation and modification of Pdots and summarize the recent progress in the development of Pdots-based optical probes for analytical detection and biomedical imaging. Finally, challenges and future developments of Pdots for biomedical applications are given.
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Bai X, Wang K, Chen L, Zhou J, Wang J. Semiconducting polymer dots as fluorescent probes for in vitro biosensing. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6248-6262. [PMID: 35971822 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have emerged as novel fluorescent probes with excellent characteristics, such as ultrahigh molar extinction coefficient, easy tunable absorption and emission bands, high brightness, and excellent photostability. Combined with good biocompatibility properties, much effort has been devoted to Pdots for in vivo biological imaging and therapy applications, such as deep-tissue fluorescent imaging, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and nanocarriers of genes or chemical drugs. Many reviews have been presented in these fields. On the other hand, a large number of studies employing Pdots for in vitro biosensing applications have been reported during the past few years, and there are barely any relevant reports to summarize the progress in this area. Hence, it is necessary to review these studies to promote the comprehensive application of Pdots. Herein, we introduce the properties and functionalization of Pdots, and systematically summarize the progress in the in vitro applications of Pdots, including the detection of DNAs, microRNAs, proteins, enzymatic activity, and some biological small molecules and ions. Finally, we share our perspectives on the future direction of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Bai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Jiasi Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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6
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Su B, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Tang Z, Xie X, Chen Q, Cao H, Yu X, Xu Y, Liu X, Hammock BD. Fluonanobody-based nanosensor via fluorescence resonance energy transfer for ultrasensitive detection of ochratoxin A. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126838. [PMID: 34411960 PMCID: PMC8889937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in food is a serious threat to public health. There is an urgent need for development of rapid and sensitive methods for OTA detection, to minimize consumer exposure to OTA. In this study, we constructed two OTA-specific fluonanobodies (FluoNbs), with a nanobody fused at the carboxyl-terminal (SGFP-Nb) or the amino-terminal (Nb-SGFP) of superfolder green fluorescence protein. SGFP-Nb, which displayed better fluorescence performance, was selected as the tracer for OTA, to develop a FluoNb-based nanosensor (FN-Nanosens) via the fluorescence resonance energy transfer, where the SGFP-Nb served as the donor and the chemical conjugates of OTA-quantum dots served as the acceptor. After optimization, FN-Nanosens showed a limit of detection of 5 pg/mL, with a linear detection range of 5-5000 pg/mL. FN-Nanosens was found to be highly selective for OTA and showed good accuracy and repeatability in recovery experiments using cereals with various complex matrix environments. Moreover, the contents of OTA in real samples measured using FN-Nanosens correlated well with those from the liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Therefore, this work illustrated that the FluoNb is an ideal immunosensing tool and that FN-Nanosens is reliable for rapid detection of OTA in cereals with ultrahigh sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benchao Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western Fruit Resources and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710119, China
| | - Zhichang Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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7
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Mohammadi R, Naderi-Manesh H, Farzin L, Vaezi Z, Ayarri N, Samandari L, Shamsipur M. Fluorescence sensing and imaging with carbon-based quantum dots for early diagnosis of cancer: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 212:114628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Wu Y, Shi C, Wang G, Sun H, Yin S. Recent Advances in the Development and Applications of Conjugated Polymer dots. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2995-3015. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02816b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer dots or semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (Pdots) are nanoparticles prepared based on organic polymers. Pdots have the advantages of lower cost, simple preparation process, good biocompatibility, excellent stability, easy...
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9
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Mayder DM, Tonge CM, Nguyen GD, Tran MV, Tom G, Darwish GH, Gupta R, Lix K, Kamal S, Algar WR, Burke SA, Hudson ZM. Polymer Dots with Enhanced Photostability, Quantum Yield, and Two-Photon Cross-Section using Structurally Constrained Deep-Blue Fluorophores. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16976-16992. [PMID: 34618454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have emerged as versatile probes for bioanalysis and imaging at the single-particle level. Despite their utility in multiplexed analysis, deep blue Pdots remain rare due to their need for high-energy excitation and sensitivity to photobleaching. Here, we describe the design of deep blue fluorophores using structural constraints to improve resistance to photobleaching, two-photon absorption cross sections, and fluorescence quantum yields using the hexamethylazatriangulene motif. Scanning tunneling microscopy was used to characterize the electronic structure of these chromophores on the atomic scale as well as their intrinsic stability. The most promising fluorophore was functionalized with a polymerizable acrylate handle and used to give deep-blue fluorescent acrylic polymers with Mn > 18 kDa and Đ < 1.2. Nanoprecipitation with amphiphilic polystyrene-graft-(carboxylate-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)) gave water-soluble Pdots with blue fluorescence, quantum yields of 0.81, and molar absorption coefficients of (4 ± 2) × 108 M-1 cm-1. This high brightness facilitated single-particle visualization with dramatically improved signal-to-noise ratio and photobleaching resistance versus an unencapsulated dye. The Pdots were then conjugated with antibodies for immunolabeling of SK-BR3 human breast cancer cells, which were imaged using deep blue fluorescence in both one- and two-photon excitation modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don M Mayder
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher M Tonge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giang D Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gary Tom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Saeid Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah A Burke
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada.,Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, The University of British Columbia, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zachary M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z1, British Columbia, Canada
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10
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Goodwin MJ, Zhang X, Shekleton TB, Kirr DA, Hannon HC, Harbron EJ. Amplifying the reactivity of BODIPY photoremovable protecting groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10059-10062. [PMID: 34514485 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04457e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs or Pdots) are used to sensitize the photorelease reaction of a BODIPY photoremovable protecting group. Sensitization yields effective values of ελΦpr - the product of the extinction coefficient at the irradiation wavelength and the photorelease quantum yield - that are more than 60-fold greater than those measured upon direct excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Goodwin
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
| | - Xinzi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
| | - Tayli B Shekleton
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
| | - Delaney A Kirr
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
| | - Henry C Hannon
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
| | - Elizabeth J Harbron
- Department of Chemistry, William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, 23187-8795, USA.
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11
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Paisley NR, Halldorson SV, Tran MV, Gupta R, Kamal S, Algar WR, Hudson ZM. Near‐Infrared‐Emitting Boron‐Difluoride‐Curcuminoid‐Based Polymers Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence as Biological Imaging Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Paisley
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Sarah V. Halldorson
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Michael V. Tran
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Saeid Kamal
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry The University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada
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12
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Algar WR, Massey M, Rees K, Higgins R, Krause KD, Darwish GH, Peveler WJ, Xiao Z, Tsai HY, Gupta R, Lix K, Tran MV, Kim H. Photoluminescent Nanoparticles for Chemical and Biological Analysis and Imaging. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9243-9358. [PMID: 34282906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research related to the development and application of luminescent nanoparticles (LNPs) for chemical and biological analysis and imaging is flourishing. Novel materials and new applications continue to be reported after two decades of research. This review provides a comprehensive and heuristic overview of this field. It is targeted to both newcomers and experts who are interested in a critical assessment of LNP materials, their properties, strengths and weaknesses, and prospective applications. Numerous LNP materials are cataloged by fundamental descriptions of their chemical identities and physical morphology, quantitative photoluminescence (PL) properties, PL mechanisms, and surface chemistry. These materials include various semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene derivatives, carbon dots, nanodiamonds, luminescent metal nanoclusters, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles and downshifting nanoparticles, triplet-triplet annihilation nanoparticles, persistent-luminescence nanoparticles, conjugated polymer nanoparticles and semiconducting polymer dots, multi-nanoparticle assemblies, and doped and labeled nanoparticles, including but not limited to those based on polymers and silica. As an exercise in the critical assessment of LNP properties, these materials are ranked by several application-related functional criteria. Additional sections highlight recent examples of advances in chemical and biological analysis, point-of-care diagnostics, and cellular, tissue, and in vivo imaging and theranostics. These examples are drawn from the recent literature and organized by both LNP material and the particular properties that are leveraged to an advantage. Finally, a perspective on what comes next for the field is offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rehan Higgins
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katherine D Krause
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ghinwa H Darwish
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - William J Peveler
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Zhujun Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hsin-Yun Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Hyungki Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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13
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Paisley NR, Halldorson SV, Tran MV, Gupta R, Kamal S, Algar WR, Hudson ZM. Near-Infrared-Emitting Boron-Difluoride-Curcuminoid-Based Polymers Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence as Biological Imaging Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18630-18638. [PMID: 34133838 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared-emitting polymers were prepared using four boron-difluoride-curcuminoid-based monomers using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Well-defined polymers with molecular weights of ≈20 kDa and dispersities <1.07 were produced and exhibited near-infrared (NIR) emission in solution and in the solid state with photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL ) as high as 0.72 and 0.18, respectively. Time-resolved emission spectroscopy revealed thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in polymers containing highly planar dopants, whereas room-temperature phosphorescence dominated with twisted species. Density functional theory demonstrated that rotation about the donor-acceptor linker can give rise to TADF, even where none would be expected based on calculations using ground-state geometries. Incorporation of TADF-active materials into water-soluble polymer dots (Pdots) gave NIR-emissive nanoparticles, and conjugation of these Pdots with antibodies enabled immunofluorescent labeling of SK-BR3 human breast-cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Paisley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Sarah V Halldorson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael V Tran
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rupsa Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Saeid Kamal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zachary M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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14
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Färkkilä SMA, Kiers ET, Jaaniso R, Mäeorg U, Leblanc RM, Treseder KK, Kang Z, Tedersoo L. Fluorescent nanoparticles as tools in ecology and physiology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2392-2424. [PMID: 34142416 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) have been widely used in chemistry and medicine for decades, but their employment in biology is relatively recent. Past reviews on FNPs have focused on chemical, physical or medical uses, making the extrapolation to biological applications difficult. In biology, FNPs have largely been used for biosensing and molecular tracking. However, concerns over toxicity in early types of FNPs, such as cadmium-containing quantum dots (QDs), may have prevented wide adoption. Recent developments, especially in non-Cd-containing FNPs, have alleviated toxicity problems, facilitating the use of FNPs for addressing ecological, physiological and molecule-level processes in biological research. Standardised protocols from synthesis to application and interdisciplinary approaches are critical for establishing FNPs in the biologists' tool kit. Here, we present an introduction to FNPs, summarise their use in biological applications, and discuss technical issues such as data reliability and biocompatibility. We assess whether biological research can benefit from FNPs and suggest ways in which FNPs can be applied to answer questions in biology. We conclude that FNPs have a great potential for studying various biological processes, especially tracking, sensing and imaging in physiology and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni M A Färkkilä
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Toby Kiers
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Raivo Jaaniso
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi Str 1, 50411, Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia
| | - Uno Mäeorg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, Cox Science Center, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, U.S.A
| | - Kathleen K Treseder
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 3106 Biological Sciences III, Mail Code: 2525, 92697, Irvine, CA, U.S.A
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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15
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Kumar B, Malhotra K, Fuku R, Van Houten J, Qu GY, Piunno PA, Krull UJ. Recent trends in the developments of analytical probes based on lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Daniel M, Dubreil L, Fleurisson R, Judor JP, Bresson T, Brouard S, Favier A, Charreyre MT, Conchon S. Multiscale fluorescent tracking of immune cells in the liver with a highly biocompatible far-red emitting polymer probe. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17546. [PMID: 33067572 PMCID: PMC7567820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of innovative immune cell therapies relies on efficient cell tracking strategies. For this, multiscale fluorescence-based analyses of transferred cells into the host with complementary techniques, including flow cytometry for high-throughput cell analysis and two-photon microscopy for deep tissue imaging would be highly beneficial. Ideally, cells should be labelled with a single fluorescent probe combining all the properties required for these different techniques. Due to the intrinsic autofluorescence of most tissues and especially the liver, far-red emission is also an important asset. However, the development of far-red emitting probes suitable for two-photon microscopy and compatible with clearing methods to track labelled immune cells in thick samples, remains challenging. A newly-designed water-soluble far-red emitting polymer probe, 19K-6H, with a large Stokes shift, was thus evaluated for the tracking of primary immune CD8 T cells. These cells, prepared from mouse spleen, were efficiently labelled with the 19K-6H probe, which was internalized via endocytosis and was highly biocompatible at concentrations up to 20 μM. Labelled primary CD8 T cells were detectable in culture by both confocal and two-photon microscopy as well as flow cytometry, even after 3 days of active proliferation. Finally, 19K-6H-labelled primary CD8 T cells were injected to mice in a classical model of immune mediated hepatitis. The efficient tracking of the transferred cells in the liver by flow cytometry (on purified non-parenchymal cells) and by two-photon microscopy on 800 μm thick cleared sections, demonstrated the versatility of the 19K-6H probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malo Daniel
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, ITUN, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Laurence Dubreil
- PAnTher, INRAE, École nationale vétérinaire, agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Romain Fleurisson
- PAnTher, INRAE, École nationale vétérinaire, agro-alimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), 44307, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Paul Judor
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, ITUN, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Timothée Bresson
- Laboratoire Ingénierie des Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR5223, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Brouard
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, ITUN, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Arnaud Favier
- Laboratoire Ingénierie des Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR5223, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Charreyre
- Laboratoire Ingénierie des Polymères (IMP), CNRS UMR5223, Université Lyon1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Conchon
- Université de Nantes, INSERM, UMR1064, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, ITUN, 44000, Nantes, France.
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17
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Kargozar S, Hoseini SJ, Milan PB, Hooshmand S, Kim H, Mozafari M. Quantum Dots: A Review from Concept to Clinic. Biotechnol J 2020; 15:e2000117. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Javad Hoseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sara Hooshmand
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hae‐Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN) Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry Dankook University Cheonan Republic of Korea
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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18
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Paisley NR, Tonge CM, Hudson ZM. Stimuli-Responsive Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Polymer Nanoparticles and Thin Films: Applications in Chemical Sensing and Imaging. Front Chem 2020; 8:229. [PMID: 32328478 PMCID: PMC7160361 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Though molecules exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) have seen extensive development in organic light-emitting diodes, their incorporation into polymer nanomaterials and thin films has led to a range of applications in sensing and imaging probes. Triplet quenching can be used to probe oxygen concentration, and the reverse intersystem crossing mechanism which gives rise to TADF can also be used to measure temperature. Moreover, the long emission lifetimes of TADF materials allows for noise reduction in time-gated microscopy, making these compounds ideal for time-resolved fluorescence imaging (TRFI). A polymer matrix enables control over energy transfer between molecules, and can be used to modulate TADF behavior, solubility, biocompatibility, or desirable mechanical properties. Additionally, a polymer's oxygen permeability can be tuned to suit imaging applications in a range of media. Here we review the applications of polymer nanoparticles and films exhibiting TADF in sensing and imaging, demonstrating that this class of materials has great potential beyond electroluminescent devices still waiting to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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19
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Ostadhossein F, Sar D, Tripathi I, Soares J, Remsen EE, Pan D. Oligodots: Structurally Defined Fluorescent Nanoprobes for Multiscale Dual-Color Imaging in Vitro and in Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:10183-10192. [PMID: 32031773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale fluorescent probes are of great importance due to their capabilities for imaging on multiscale. Herein, we report the first synthesis of structurally well-defined nanoparticulate "oligodots" developed for multicolor imaging in vitro and in vivo. These nanoparticles are prepared via condensation and curing reactions where the engineering of the solvent results in the nanoparticles with green (λem = 550 nm) and red (λem = 650 nm) emission range. Differences found in the photophysical properties have been attributed to variations in oligomeric compositions produced during the synthesis as was corroborated by extensive physicochemical characterizations. Specifically, mass spectroscopy provided a picture of the formed species during the synthesis. The feasibility of the oligodots for multicolor imaging is demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. The red-emitting oligodot is employed for dynamic whole-body imaging in mice. It is envisioned that oligodots would enable multicolor imaging of various biomarkers in complex diseases such as cancer where numerous molecular and metabolic phenotypes work in concert in their emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ostadhossein
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Dinabandhu Sar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Indu Tripathi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Julio Soares
- Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Edward E Remsen
- Mund-Lagowski Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bradley University, Peoria, Illinois 61625, United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 611 West Park Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Mills Breast Cancer Institute, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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20
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Tonge CM, Paisley NR, Polgar AM, Lix K, Algar WR, Hudson ZM. Color-Tunable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in Oxadiazole-Based Acrylic Copolymers: Photophysical Properties and Applications in Ratiometric Oxygen Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6525-6535. [PMID: 31989816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b22464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based emitters are a promising route to the production of low-cost, scalable solution-processable luminescent materials. Here we describe a series of acrylic oxadiazole-based donor-acceptor monomers with tunable emission from blue to orange, with quantum yields as high as 96%. By introducing structural constraints that limit donor-acceptor orbital overlap, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) was observed in these materials. Polymerization by Cu(0) reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) gave high-molecular-weight copolymers (Mn > 20 kDa) with dispersities ranging from 1.10 to 1.45, using a room-temperature procedure with Cu wire as a catalyst. One of these materials, which had phenothiazine as donor moiety, exhibited conformationally dependent dual emission, giving a mixture of prompt fluorescence and delayed fluorescence peaks, whose relative ratios varied based on the amount of O2 present during measurement. We demonstrate that this material can combine prompt and delayed fluorescence to act as a single-component, all-organic, ratiometric oxygen sensor without external calibrant. Application to ratiometric oxygen sensing is demonstrated both using a polymer thin film and via incorporation of this material into water-soluble polymer dots (Pdots), with a ratiometric response to O2 throughout the range of partial pressures relevant to biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Tonge
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Nathan R Paisley
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Alexander M Polgar
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - W Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Zachary M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry , The University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada V6T 1Z1
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21
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Shao F, Wang Y, Tonge CM, Sauvé ER, Hudson ZM. Self-assembly of luminescent triblock bottlebrush copolymers in solution. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01695c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly presents bottom-up strategies for the construction of complex micelles from luminescent bottlebrush copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shao
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Yonghui Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | | | - Ethan R. Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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22
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Lix K, Tran MV, Massey M, Rees K, Sauvé ER, Hudson ZM, Algar WR. Dextran Functionalization of Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Conjugation with Tetrameric Antibody Complexes for Bioanalysis and Imaging. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 3:432-440. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsi Lix
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Michael V. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Melissa Massey
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Kelly Rees
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Ethan R. Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Zachary M. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - W. Russ Algar
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1
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23
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Xu YM, Tan HW, Zheng W, Liang ZL, Yu FY, Wu DD, Yao Y, Zhong QH, Yan R, Lau ATY. Cadmium telluride quantum dot-exposed human bronchial epithelial cells: a further study of the cellular response by proteomics. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:994-1001. [PMID: 32922740 PMCID: PMC7478100 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00126c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are luminescent nanoparticles with superior versatility. In this regard, cadmium telluride (CdTe) QDs have been widely used for various bioimaging applications. Although these nano-Cd containing particles can be capped with shells to reduce their cytotoxicity, these shells would be gradually disintegrated after a certain period of time, thereby inevitably exerting nanotoxicity. Previously, we showed that treatment of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells with uncapped CdTe QDs (520Q, 580Q and 730Q with emission maximum at 520, 580 and 730 nm, respectively) elicited dose-dependent cytotoxicity for 520Q and 580Q (<5 nm), while 730Q (>5 nm) elicited negligible cytotoxicity. In order to gain a more global perspective on the action mechanism of these nano-Cd particles, here, we further characterized the proteome response of BEAS-2B when challenged with the above QDs. Interestingly, among the three nano-Cd particles, we observed that 520Q and 580Q treatment altered the BEAS-2B proteome significantly in a very similar magnitude while 730Q has no obvious impact at all, as compared with the untreated control. Notably, the treatment of BEAS-2B with glutathione before nano-Cd particles abrogated the induction/repression of differentially expressed proteins and prevented cell death. Taken together, our findings show that uncapped CdTe nanoparticles (520Q and 580Q) induce oxidative stress in human bronchial epithelial cells, and the similarly altered protein signatures also suggest potential mitotoxicity and common cellular and detoxification responses upon exposure of lung cells to these two QDs. On the other hand, 730Q may exert a more noticeable effect after long-term exposure, but not upon transient exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Heng Wee Tan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Wei Zheng
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Zhan-Ling Liang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Fei-Yuan Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Yue Yao
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Qiu-Hua Zhong
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Rui Yan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
| | - Andy T Y Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics , Department of Cell Biology and Genetics , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , Guangdong 515041 , People's Republic of China .
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24
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Wang Y, Shao F, Sauvé ER, Tonge CM, Hudson ZM. Self-assembly of giant bottlebrush block copolymer surfactants from luminescent organic electronic materials. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:5421-5430. [PMID: 31243420 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00931k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bottlebrush copolymers have shown promise as building blocks for self-assembled nanomaterials due to their reduced chain entanglement relative to linear polymers and their ability to self-assemble with remarkably low critical micelle concentrations (CMCs). Concurrently, the preparation of bottlebrush polymers from organic electronic materials has recently been described, allowing multiple optoelectronic functions to be incorporated along the length of single bottlebrush strands. Here we describe the self-assembly of bottlebrush surfactants containing soluble n-butyl acrylate blocks and carbazole-based organic semiconductors, which self-assemble in selective solvent to give spherical micelles with CMCs below 54 nM. These narrowly dispersed structures were stable in solution at high dilution over periods of months, and could further be functionalized with fluorescent dyes to give micelles with quantum yields of 100%. These results demonstrate that bottlebrush-based nanostructures can be formed from organic semiconductor building blocks, opening the door to the preparation of fluorescent or redox-active micelles from giant polymeric surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Feng Shao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Ethan R Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Christopher M Tonge
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
| | - Zachary M Hudson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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25
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Castillo RR, Vallet-Regí M. Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites: Biomedical applications and Biosafety. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E929. [PMID: 30791663 PMCID: PMC6413128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise and development of nanotechnology has enabled the creation of a wide number of systems with new and advantageous features to treat cancer. However, in many cases, the lone application of these new nanotherapeutics has proven not to be enough to achieve acceptable therapeutic efficacies. Hence, to avoid these limitations, the scientific community has embarked on the development of single formulations capable of combining functionalities. Among all possible components, silica-either solid or mesoporous-has become of importance as connecting and coating material for these new-generation therapeutic nanodevices. In the present review, the most recent examples of fully inorganic silica-based functional composites are visited, paying particular attention to those with potential biomedical applicability. Additionally, some highlights will be given with respect to their possible biosafety issues based on their chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Castillo
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CIBER, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre-imas12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-CIBER, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre-imas12, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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Hassan AM, Wu X, Jarrett JW, Xu S, Yu J, Miller DR, Perillo EP, Liu YL, Chiu DT, Yeh HC, Dunn AK. Polymer dots enable deep in vivo multiphoton fluorescence imaging of microvasculature. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:584-599. [PMID: 30800501 PMCID: PMC6377892 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.000584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Deep in vivo imaging of vasculature requires small, bright, and photostable fluorophores suitable for multiphoton microscopy (MPM). Although semiconducting polymer dots (pdots) are an emerging class of highly fluorescent contrast agents with favorable advantages for the next generation of in vivo imaging, their use for deep MPM has never before been demonstrated. Herein, we characterize the multiphoton properties of three pdot variants and perform deep in vivo MPM imaging of cortical rodent microvasculature. We find pdot brightness exceeds conventional fluorophores, including quantum dots, and their broad multiphoton absorption spectrum permits imaging at wavelengths better-suited for biological imaging and confers compatibility with a range of longer excitation wavelengths. This results in substantial improvements in signal-to-background ratio (>3.5-fold) and greater cortical imaging depths (z = 1,300 µm). Ultimately, pdots are a versatile tool for MPM due to their extraordinary brightness and broad absorption, enabling interrogation of deep structures in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Hassan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jeremy W Jarrett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Shihan Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David R Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Evan P Perillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Yen-Liang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Andrew K Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W. Dean Keeton C0800, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Miao Q, Pu K. Organic Semiconducting Agents for Deep-Tissue Molecular Imaging: Second Near-Infrared Fluorescence, Self-Luminescence, and Photoacoustics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801778. [PMID: 30058244 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging has played a pivotal role in biology and medicine, but it faces challenges of relatively low tissue penetration and poor signal-to-background ratio due to light scattering and tissue autofluorescence. To overcome these issues, second near-infrared fluorescence, self-luminescence, and photoacoustic imaging have recently emerged, which utilize an optical region with reduced light-tissue interactions, eliminate real-time light excitation, and detect acoustic signals with negligible attenuation, respectively. Because there are only a few endogenous molecules absorbing or emitting above the visible region, development of contrast agents is essential for those deep-tissue optical imaging modalities. Organic semiconducting agents with π-conjugated frameworks can be synthesized to meet different optical imaging requirements due to their easy chemical modification and legible structure-property relation. Herein, the deep-tissue optical imaging applications of organic semiconducting agents including small-molecule agents and nanoparticle derivatives are summarized. In particular, the molecular engineering and nanoformulation approaches to further improve the tissue penetration and detection sensitivity of these optical imaging modalities are highlighted. Finally, current challenges and potential opportunities in this emerging subfield of biomedical imaging are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Miao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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Walper SA, Lasarte Aragonés G, Sapsford KE, Brown CW, Rowland CE, Breger JC, Medintz IL. Detecting Biothreat Agents: From Current Diagnostics to Developing Sensor Technologies. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1894-2024. [PMID: 30080029 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although a fundamental understanding of the pathogenicity of most biothreat agents has been elucidated and available treatments have increased substantially over the past decades, they still represent a significant public health threat in this age of (bio)terrorism, indiscriminate warfare, pollution, climate change, unchecked population growth, and globalization. The key step to almost all prevention, protection, prophylaxis, post-exposure treatment, and mitigation of any bioagent is early detection. Here, we review available methods for detecting bioagents including pathogenic bacteria and viruses along with their toxins. An introduction placing this subject in the historical context of previous naturally occurring outbreaks and efforts to weaponize selected agents is first provided along with definitions and relevant considerations. An overview of the detection technologies that find use in this endeavor along with how they provide data or transduce signal within a sensing configuration follows. Current "gold" standards for biothreat detection/diagnostics along with a listing of relevant FDA approved in vitro diagnostic devices is then discussed to provide an overview of the current state of the art. Given the 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus in Western Africa and the recent 2016 spread of Zika virus in the Americas, discussion of what constitutes a public health emergency and how new in vitro diagnostic devices are authorized for emergency use in the U.S. are also included. The majority of the Review is then subdivided around the sensing of bacterial, viral, and toxin biothreats with each including an overview of the major agents in that class, a detailed cross-section of different sensing methods in development based on assay format or analytical technique, and some discussion of related microfluidic lab-on-a-chip/point-of-care devices. Finally, an outlook is given on how this field will develop from the perspective of the biosensing technology itself and the new emerging threats they may face.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Guillermo Lasarte Aragonés
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Kim E. Sapsford
- OMPT/CDRH/OIR/DMD Bacterial Respiratory and Medical Countermeasures Branch, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Carl W. Brown
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- College of Science, George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Clare E. Rowland
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- National Research Council, Washington, D.C. 20036, United States
| | - Joyce C. Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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Liu J, Song B, Li J, Tian X, Ma Y, Yang K, Yuan B. Photoluminescence modulation of silicon nanoparticles via highly ordered arrangement with phospholipid membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 170:656-662. [PMID: 29986261 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.06.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly ordered self-assembly of nanoparticles (NPs) in a large scale promises attractive potential in optical modulation of the NPs for illuminating, imaging and sensing applications. In this work, a type of multi-lamellar nanocomposite membranes composed of phospholipid multilayers and Si NPs sandwiched between each adjacent lipid layers was fabricated via a facile co-assembly method. X-ray reflectivity (XRR), grazing incident X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and TEM measurements verified the highly ordered arrangement of NPs within the multilayers with a controlled in-plane inter-particle separation from ∼7 nm to ∼14 nm. Due to such an arrangement, the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the Si NPs were effectively modulated. Compared to the NPs in suspension or its pure film, the PL of the NPs in the membranes blue-shifted and remarkably narrowed, with the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) value reduced from >110 nm of the pure Si NP film to below 43 nm. The radiative lifetime of the NPs was also significantly reduced from ∼16.7 ns to ∼3.3 ns depending on the inter-particle distance in the membrane. Meanwhile, the Si NPs within membranes maintained robust photostability under UV irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Liu
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, PR China
| | - Jingliang Li
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Xiaodong Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Yuqiang Ma
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China; National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Kai Yang
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China.
| | - Bing Yuan
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, PR China.
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31
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Li R, Chen X, Lin Z, Wang Y, Sun Y. Expansion enhanced nanoscopy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17552-17556. [PMID: 30225472 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04267e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The advance of optical super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has revolutionized our vision of the subcellular world. Further improvement in the spatial resolution is of great significance for structural and functional investigations. The recently developed expansion microscopy (ExM), which achieves sub-diffraction imaging via physical expansion of the sample, provides a great opportunity for further resolution enhancement of existing optical super-resolution techniques. However, although such combination seems apparent, several technical obstacles, especially the dramatic loss of fluorescence signal during ExM sample preparation, have hampered this goal. In this work, aiming at this challenge, we have developed new strategies to retain and increase the fluorescence of the expanded sample. With the new labeling methods, we have successfully made the labeling density of expanded samples sufficing the Nyquist sampling criteria for optical super-resolution imaging, such as stimulated emission depletion microscopy (STED) and super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI). The newly developed expansion nanoscopic imaging (ExN) approaches, i.e. ExSTED and ExSOFI, demonstrated up to 4-fold resolution enhancement compared to standard STED and SOFI, providing a simple and effective way to realize high resolution imaging both at the cellular and tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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32
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Stromer BS, Roy S, Limbacher MR, Narzary B, Bordoloi M, Waldman J, Kumar CV. Multicolored Protein Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cell Uptake. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2576-2585. [PMID: 29932667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis, characterization, and applications of strongly fluorescent, multicolored protein nanoparticles (GlowDots) are reported here. Bovine serum albumin was cross-linked under controlled conditions to form nanoparticles, where particle size was controlled from 20 to 100 ± 10 nm by choosing appropriate reaction conditions. The absorption as well as the emission wavelengths were controlled without changing the particle size, unlike quantum dots. Each GlowDot was loaded with up to 214 ± 50 chromophores, and hence, the particles have high molar absorptivities (106 M-1 cm-1) as well as high brightness (105 to 106 M-1 cm-1). A large number of functional groups cover the particle surface and these are further functionalized to enhance cellular uptake. GlowDots that were labeled with fluorescein and functionalized with taurine, for example, were quickly taken up by HeLa, MDA-MB-231, PC3, and L6 myoblast cells, as interrogated by fluorescence imaging studies. GlowDots were biocompatible, size tunable, biodegradable, strongly fluorescent, and stable for months at room temperature, and they may serve as substitutes for quantum dots in a variety of practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobbi S Stromer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Sonali Roy
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division , CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology , Jorhat , Assam 785006 , India
| | - Melissa R Limbacher
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Bardwi Narzary
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division , CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology , Jorhat , Assam 785006 , India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Natural Product Chemistry Group, Chemical Sciences & Technology Division , CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology , Jorhat , Assam 785006 , India
| | - Julia Waldman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States
| | - Challa Vijaya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3060 , United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , University of Connecticut , 91 North Eagleville Road , U-3125, Storrs , Connecticut 06269-3125 , United States
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33
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Field LD, Walper SA, Susumu K, Lasarte-Aragones G, Oh E, Medintz IL, Delehanty JB. A Quantum Dot-Protein Bioconjugate That Provides for Extracellular Control of Intracellular Drug Release. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2455-2467. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren D. Field
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Scott A. Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Kimihiro Susumu
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- KeyW Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United States
| | - Guillermo Lasarte-Aragones
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- George Mason University, College of Sciences, Fairfax, Virginia 22030 United States
| | - Eunkeu Oh
- Optical Sciences Division, Code 5600, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
- KeyW Corporation, Hanover, Maryland 21076, United States
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - James B. Delehanty
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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Chen F, Wang L, Xing Y, Zhang J. Stable photoluminescence of lanthanide complexes in aqueous media through Metal-Organic Frameworks Nanoparticles with plugged surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 527:68-77. [PMID: 29777974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The photoluminescence stability of lanthanide complex in aqueous media is a prerequisite for diagnostics probes. The combination of building blocks working in concert to facilitate host-guest structures is now considered state of the art in surpassing this roadblock, yet there still remains a tremendous challenge. Here, a stable, highly-luminescent system was developed through trapping anionic complexes sensitized by tridentate pyridine-tetrazolate (pytz) ligands within the rigid framework of ZIF-8 (zeolitic imidazolate framework-8) particles (∼60 nm in size). The key to maintaining the stable luminescence of lanthanide complexes inside ZIF-8 frameworks is a stopcock design, i.e. stopper molecules (an imidazolium based ionic liquid) selectively plugged on the pore entrances located at the exterior surface of the ZIF-8 host, which protect both the host and the guests from deteriorations by surrounding ions/water molecules. Remarkably, the obtained Ln complex encapsulated ZIF-8 particles (Ln = terbium, europium) particles possessed high quantum yields (23.2% and 8.5%), large absorption cross-section (∼10-12 cm2), and long luminescence lifetimes (1.9 and 3.0 ms) in PBS buffer. In addition, the system can realize single/multi-color encoding by altering the loading amounts and the weight ratios of complexes emitting at different wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liucan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazheng Road, Chongqing 400044, China.
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35
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Batista Napotnik T, Miklavčič D. In vitro electroporation detection methods – An overview. Bioelectrochemistry 2018; 120:166-182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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36
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Polydopamine nanodots are viable probes for fluorometric determination of the activity of alkaline phosphatase via the in situ regulation of a redox reaction triggered by the enzyme. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:231. [PMID: 29594735 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe an environmentally friendly and fast (~14 min) method for the synthesis of homogeneously distributed fluorescent polydopamine nanodots (PDA-NDs) using KMnO4 as the oxidant. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) catalyzes the hydrolysis of ascorbic acid 2-phosphate to release free ascorbic acid which undergoes an in-situ redox reaction with KMnO4. Depending on the activity of ALP, more or less KMnO4 is consumed, and this affects the formation of the PDA-NDs. Based on this finding, a sensitive method was worked out to quantify the activity of ALP via real-time formation of fluorescent PDA-NDs. The fluorometric signal (best measured at excitation/emission peaks of 390/500 nm) is linear in the 1 to 50 mU·mL-1 ALP activity range, and the limit of the detection is as low as 0.94 mU·mL-1 (based on 3 σ/m). The method was successfully applied to the determination of ALP activity in spiked human serum and in MCF-7 cell lysates. It was also applied in a method to screen for inhibitors of ALP. Graphical abstract Schematic of a fluorometric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The method is based on the in-situ regulation of the formation of fluorescent polydopamine nanodots (PDA-NDs) through the competition between the KMnO4-induced polymerization of dopamine and ALP-directed ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Asc-2P) hydrolysis. AA: Ascorbic acid.
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Liu Y, Jiang X, Cao W, Sun J, Gao F. Detection of Thrombin Based on Fluorescence Energy Transfer between Semiconducting Polymer Dots and BHQ-Labelled Aptamers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E589. [PMID: 29443917 PMCID: PMC5855441 DOI: 10.3390/s18020589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carboxyl-functionalized semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) were synthesized as an energy donor by the nanoprecipitation method. A black hole quenching dye (BHQ-labelled thrombin aptamers) was used as the energy acceptor, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the aptamers and Pdots was used for fluorescence quenching of the Pdots. The addition of thrombin restored the fluorescence intensity. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fluorescence of the system was restored to the maximum when the concentration of thrombin reached 130 nM, with a linear range of 0-50 nM (R² = 0.990) and a detection limit of 0.33 nM. This sensor was less disturbed by impurities, showing good specificity and signal response to thrombin, with good application in actual samples. The detection of human serum showed good linearity in the range of 0-30 nM (R² = 0.997), with a detection limit of 0.56 nM and a recovery rate of 96.2-104.1%, indicating that this fluorescence sensor can be used for the detection of thrombin content in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Liu
- Department of Food and Environmental Engineering, Vocational and Technical College, Chuzhou 239001, China.
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Xuekai Jiang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Wenfeng Cao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
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Li J, Rao J, Pu K. Recent progress on semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for molecular imaging and cancer phototherapy. Biomaterials 2018; 155:217-235. [PMID: 29190479 PMCID: PMC5978728 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 302] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As a new class of organic optical nanomaterials, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) have the advantages of excellent optical properties, high photostability, facile surface functionalization, and are considered to possess good biocompatibility for biomedical applications. This review surveys recent progress made on the design and synthesis of SPNs for molecular imaging and cancer phototherapy. A variety of novel polymer design, chemical modification and nanoengineering strategies have been developed to precisely tune up optoelectronic properties of SPNs to enable fluorescence, chemiluminescence and photoacoustic (PA) imaging in living animals. With these imaging modalities, SPNs have been demonstrated not only to image tissues such as lymph nodes, vascular structure and tumors, but also to detect disease biomarkers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein sulfenic acid as well as physiological indexes such as pH and blood glucose concentration. The potentials of SPNs in cancer phototherapy including photodynamic and photothermal therapy are also highlighted with recent examples. Future efforts should further expand the use of SPNs in biomedical research and may even move them beyond pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Departments of Radiology and Chemistry, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305-5484, USA.
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore.
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Wang Y, Zhou W, Chen F, Sun K, Zhang J, Özliseli E, Rosenholm JM. Terbium complexes encapsulated in hierarchically organized hybrid MOF particles toward stable luminescence in aqueous media. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00822a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchically organized hybrid MOF particles were mediated by hydrophobic ligands for the stable luminescence of lanthanide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Feng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Kaiyao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Jixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
| | - Ezgi Özliseli
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku 20520
- Finland
| | - Jessica M. Rosenholm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Åbo Akademi University
- Turku 20520
- Finland
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40
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Gliddon HD, Herberg JA, Levin M, Kaforou M. Genome-wide host RNA signatures of infectious diseases: discovery and clinical translation. Immunology 2017; 153:171-178. [PMID: 28921535 PMCID: PMC5765383 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of whole blood gene expression to derive diagnostic biomarkers capable of distinguishing between phenotypically similar diseases holds great promise but remains a challenge. Differential gene expression analysis is used to identify the key genes that undergo changes in expression relative to healthy individuals, as well as to patients with other diseases. These key genes can act as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive markers of disease. Gene expression ‘signatures’ in the blood hold the potential to be used for the diagnosis of infectious diseases, where current diagnostics are unreliable, ineffective or of limited potential. For diagnostic tests based on RNA signatures to be useful clinically, the first step is to identify the minimum set of gene transcripts that accurately identify the disease in question. The second requirement is rapid and cost‐effective detection of the gene expression levels. Signatures have been described for a number of infectious diseases, but ‘clinic‐ready’ technologies for RNA detection from clinical samples are limited, though existing methods such as RT‐PCR are likely to be superseded by a number of emerging technologies, which may form the basis of the translation of gene expression signatures into routine diagnostic tests for a range of disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet D Gliddon
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael Levin
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
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41
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Chen X, Liu Z, Li R, Shan C, Zeng Z, Xue B, Yuan W, Mo C, Xi P, Wu C, Sun Y. Multicolor Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy with Blue and Carmine Small Photoblinking Polymer Dots. ACS NANO 2017; 11:8084-8091. [PMID: 28696661 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in the development of small photoblinking semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) have attracted great interest for use in super-resolution microscopy. However, multicolor super-resolution imaging using conventional small photoblinking Pdots remains a challenge due to their limited color choice, broad emission spectrum, and heavy spectrum crosstalk. Here, we introduce two types of small photoblinking Pdots with different colors and relatively narrow emission spectra: blue PFO Pdots and carmine PFTBT5 Pdots for blinking-based statistical nanoscopy. Both of these probes feature ultrahigh single-particle brightness, very strong photostability, superior biocompatibility, and robust fluorescence fluctuation. In addition, these small photoblinking Pdots serve as excellent labels for dual-color super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) of specific subcellular structures, indicating their promise for long-term multicolor SOFI nanoscopy with high spatiotemporal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chunyan Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weihong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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42
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Lyu Y, Pu K. Recent Advances of Activatable Molecular Probes Based on Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles in Sensing and Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600481. [PMID: 28638783 PMCID: PMC5473328 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular probes that change their signals in response to the target of interest have a critical role in fundamental biology and medicine. Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) have recently emerged as a new generation of purely organic photonic nanoagents with desirable properties for biological applications. In particular, tunable optical properties of SPNs allow them to be developed into photoluminescence, chemiluminescence, and photoacoustic probes, wherein SPNs usually serve as the energy donor and internal reference for luminescence and photoacoustic probes, respectively. Moreover, facile surface modification and intraparticle engineering provide the versatility to make them responsive to various biologically and pathologically important substances and indexes including small-molecule mediators, proteins, pH and temperature. This article focuses on recent advances in the development of SPN-based activatable molecular probes for sensing and imaging. The designs and applications of these probes are discussed in details, and the present challenges to further advance them into life science are also analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lyu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University70 Nanyang DriveSingapore637457
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringNanyang Technological University70 Nanyang DriveSingapore637457
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43
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Ratiometric detection of copper ions and alkaline phosphatase activity based on semiconducting polymer dots assembled with rhodamine B hydrazide. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 91:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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44
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Vieira S, Vial S, Reis RL, Oliveira JM. Nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 33:590-611. [PMID: 28371447 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) envisions the creation of functional substitutes for damaged tissues through integrated solutions, where medical, biological, and engineering principles are combined. Bone regeneration is one of the areas in which designing a model that mimics all tissue properties is still a challenge. The hierarchical structure and high vascularization of bone hampers a TE approach, especially in large bone defects. Nanotechnology can open up a new era for TE, allowing the creation of nanostructures that are comparable in size to those appearing in natural bone. Therefore, nanoengineered systems are now able to more closely mimic the structures observed in naturally occurring systems, and it is also possible to combine several approaches - such as drug delivery and cell labeling - within a single system. This review aims to cover the most recent developments on the use of different nanoparticles for bone TE, with emphasis on their application for scaffolds improvement; drug and gene delivery carriers, and labeling techniques. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:590-611, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Vieira
- 3B's Research Group, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Stephanie Vial
- 3B's Research Group, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - J Miguel Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, AvePark - Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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45
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Ke CS, Fang CC, Yan JY, Tseng PJ, Pyle JR, Chen CP, Lin SY, Chen J, Zhang X, Chan YH. Molecular Engineering and Design of Semiconducting Polymer Dots with Narrow-Band, Near-Infrared Emission for in Vivo Biological Imaging. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3166-3177. [PMID: 28221751 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the design and synthesis of donor-bridge-acceptor-based semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) that exhibit narrow-band emissions, ultrahigh brightness, and large Stokes shifts in the near-infrared (NIR) region. We systematically investigated the effect of π-bridges on the fluorescence quantum yields of the donor-bridge-acceptor-based Pdots. The Pdots could be excited by a 488 or 532 nm laser and have a high fluorescence quantum yield of 33% with a Stokes shift of more than 200 nm. The emission full width at half-maximum of the Pdots can be as narrow as 29 nm, about 2.5 times narrower than that of inorganic quantum dots at the same emission wavelength region. The average per-particle brightness of the Pdots is at least 3 times larger than that of the commercially available quantum dots. The excellent biocompatibility of these Pdots was demonstrated in vivo, and their specific cellular labeling capability was also approved by different cell lines. By taking advantage of the durable brightness and remarkable stability of these NIR fluorescent Pdots, we performed in vivo microangiography imaging on living zebrafish embryos and long-term tumor monitoring on mice. We anticipate these donor-bridge-acceptor-based NIR-fluorescent Pdots with narrow-band emissions to find broad use in a variety of multiplexed biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Shiang Ke
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Chia-Chia Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Jia-Ying Yan
- Center for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes , 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Taiwan 35053
| | - Po-Jung Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Joseph R Pyle
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University , Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Chuan-Pin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
| | - Shu-Yi Lin
- Center for Nanomedicine Research, National Health Research Institutes , 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Taiwan 35053
| | - Jixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University , Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau , Macau SAR, China
| | - Yang-Hsiang Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University , 70 Lien Hai Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 80424
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46
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Chen X, Li R, Liu Z, Sun K, Sun Z, Chen D, Xu G, Xi P, Wu C, Sun Y. Small Photoblinking Semiconductor Polymer Dots for Fluorescence Nanoscopy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1604850. [PMID: 27882627 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201604850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two types of small photoblinking Pdots with high brightness, strong photostability, and favorable biocompatibility, are designed. Super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging is achieved using these Pdots. Imaging of subcellular structures demonstrates that these small photoblinking Pdots are outstanding probes for fast, long-term super-resolution fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zezhou Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Danni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Peng Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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47
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Yu J, Rong Y, Kuo CT, Zhou XH, Chiu DT. Recent Advances in the Development of Highly Luminescent Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Nanoparticles for Biological Imaging and Medicine. Anal Chem 2017; 89:42-56. [PMID: 28105818 PMCID: PMC5682631 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Yu Rong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Chun-Ting Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Xing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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48
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Pu K, Chattopadhyay N, Rao J. Recent advances of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles in in vivo molecular imaging. J Control Release 2016; 240:312-322. [PMID: 26773769 PMCID: PMC4938792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) emerge as attractive molecular imaging nanoagents in living animals because of their excellent optical properties including large absorption coefficients, tunable optical properties and controllable dimensions, high photostability, and the use of organic and biologically inert components without toxic metals. This review summarizes the recent advances of these new organic nanoparticles in in vivo molecular imaging. The in vivo biocompatibility of SPNs is discussed first in details, followed by examples of their applications ranging from sentinel lymph node mapping and tumor imaging to long-term cell tracking, to drug toxicity and bacterial infection imaging for fluorescence, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence and photoacoustic imaging in living animals. The utility of SPNs for designing smart activatable probes for real-time in vivo imaging is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanyi Pu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA; School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 637457, Singapore
| | - Niladri Chattopadhyay
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology School of Medicine, Stanford University, USA.
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49
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Xu G, Zeng S, Zhang B, Swihart MT, Yong KT, Prasad PN. New Generation Cadmium-Free Quantum Dots for Biophotonics and Nanomedicine. Chem Rev 2016; 116:12234-12327. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaixia Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong
Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China
- CINTRA
CNRS/NTU/THALES,
UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50
Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA
CNRS/NTU/THALES,
UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50
Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Butian Zhang
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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50
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Quantum dot–polymer composites based on nanoporous polypropylene films with different draw ratios. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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