1
|
Metaireau M, Osiurak F, Seye A, Lesourd M. The neural correlates of limb apraxia: An anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analysis of lesion-symptom mapping studies in brain-damaged patients. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105720. [PMID: 38754714 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Limb apraxia is a motor disorder frequently observed following a stroke. Apraxic deficits are classically assessed with four tasks: tool use, pantomime of tool use, imitation, and gesture understanding. These tasks are supported by several cognitive processes represented in a left-lateralized brain network including inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and lateral occipito-temporal cortex (LOTC). For the past twenty years, voxel-wise lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) studies have been used to unravel the neural correlates associated with apraxia, but none of them has proposed a comprehensive view of the topic. In the present work, we proposed to fill this gap by performing a systematic Anatomic Likelihood Estimation meta-analysis of VLSM studies which included tasks traditionally used to assess apraxia. We found that the IPL was crucial for all the tasks. Moreover, lesions within the LOTC were more associated with imitation deficits than tool use or pantomime, confirming its important role in higher visual processing. Our results questioned traditional neurocognitive models on apraxia and may have important clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Metaireau
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR INSERM 1322, LINC, Besançon F-25000, France; Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement (UAR 3124), Besançon, France.
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Arthur Seye
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR INSERM 1322, LINC, Besançon F-25000, France; Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement (UAR 3124), Besançon, France; Unité de Neurologie Vasculaire, CHU Besançon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baumard J, Laniepce A, Lesourd M, Guezouli L, Beaucousin V, Gehin M, Osiurak F, Bartolo A. The Neurocognitive Bases of Meaningful Intransitive Gestures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuropsychological Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09634-6. [PMID: 38448754 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Researchers and clinicians have long used meaningful intransitive (i.e., not tool-related; MFI) gestures to assess apraxia-a complex and frequent motor-cognitive disorder. Nevertheless, the neurocognitive bases of these gestures remain incompletely understood. Models of apraxia have assumed that meaningful intransitive gestures depend on either long-term memory (i.e., semantic memory and action lexicons) stored in the left hemisphere, or social cognition and the right hemisphere. This meta-analysis of 42 studies reports the performance of 2659 patients with either left or right hemisphere damage in tests of meaningful intransitive gestures, as compared to other gestures (i.e., MFT or meaningful transitive and MLI or meaningless intransitive) and cognitive tests. The key findings are as follows: (1) deficits of meaningful intransitive gestures are more frequent and severe after left than right hemisphere lesions, but they have been reported in both groups; (2) we found a transitivity effect in patients with lesions of the left hemisphere (i.e., meaningful transitive gestures more difficult than meaningful intransitive gestures) but a "reverse" transitivity effect in patients with lesions of the right hemisphere (i.e., meaningful transitive gestures easier than meaningful intransitive gestures); (3) there is a strong association between meaningful intransitive and transitive (but not meaningless) gestures; (4) isolated deficits of meaningful intransitive gestures are more frequent in cases with right than left hemisphere lesions; (5) these deficits may occur in the absence of language and semantic memory impairments; (6) meaningful intransitive gesture performance seems to vary according to the emotional content of gestures (i.e., body-centered gestures and emotional valence-intensity). These findings are partially consistent with the social cognition hypothesis. Methodological recommendations are given for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mathieu Lesourd
- UMR INSERM 1322 LINC, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Léna Guezouli
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP, 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Maureen Gehin
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (UR 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Baumard J, Lesourd M, Jarry C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Knowing "what for," but not "where": Dissociation between functional and contextual tool knowledge in healthy individuals and patients with dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:97-106. [PMID: 37650212 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Semantic tool knowledge underlies the ability to perform activities of daily living. Models of apraxia have emphasized the role of functional knowledge about the action performed with tools (e.g., a hammer and a mallet allow a "hammering" action), and contextual knowledge informing individuals about where to find tools in the social space (e.g., a hammer and a mallet can be found in a workshop). The goal of this study was to test whether contextual or functional knowledge, would be central in the organization of tool knowledge. It was assumed that contextual knowledge would be more salient than functional knowledge for healthy controls and that patients with dementia would show impaired contextual knowledge. METHODS We created an original, open-ended categorization task with ambiguity, in which the same familiar tools could be matched on either contextual or functional criteria. RESULTS In our findings, healthy controls prioritized a contextual, over a functional criterion. Patients with dementia had normal visual categorization skills (as demonstrated by an original picture categorization task), yet they made less contextual, but more functional associations than healthy controls. CONCLUSION The findings support a dissociation between functional knowledge ("what for") on the one hand, and contextual knowledge ("where") on the other hand. While functional knowledge may be distributed across semantic and action-related factors, contextual knowledge may actually be the name of higher-order social norms applied to tool knowledge. These findings may encourage researchers to test both functional and contextual knowledge to diagnose semantic deficits and to use open-ended categorization tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive & MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Merck
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | | | - Valérie Chauviré
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Serge Belliard
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Unité de Neuropsychologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Jarry C, Lebaz S, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Sensory Integration Deficits in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications for Apraxia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1557-1563. [PMID: 36973225 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apraxia is the inability to perform voluntary, skilled movements following brain lesions, in the absence of sensory integration deficits. Yet, patients with neurodegenerative diseases (ND) may have sensory integration deficits, so we tested the associations and dissociations between apraxia and sensory integration. METHODS A total of 44 patients with ND and 20 healthy controls underwent extensive testing of sensory integration (i.e., localization of tactile, visual, and proprioceptive stimuli; agraphesthesia; astereognosis) and apraxia (i.e., finger dexterity, imitation, tool use). RESULTS The results showed (i) that patients with Alzheimer's disease, corticobasal syndrome, or posterior cortical atrophy were impaired on both dimensions; (ii) An association between both dimensions; (iii) that when sensory integration was controlled for, the frequency of apraxia decreased dramatically in some clinical subgroups. CONCLUSION In a non-negligible portion of patients, the hypothesis of a disruption of sensory integration can be more parsimonious than the hypothesis of apraxia in case of impaired skilled gestures. Clinicians and researchers are advised to integrate sensory integration measures along with their evaluation of apraxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Psychologie (EA3188), Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Chrystelle Remigereau
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Samuel Lebaz
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, Rouen F-76000, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baumard J, De Sousa E, Roy V, Deschamps L, Iodice P, Osiurak F, Brisson J. Grip selection without tool knowledge: end-state comfort effect in familiar and novel tool use. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:1989-2000. [PMID: 37382668 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06655-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A well-known phenomenon for the study of movement planning is the end-state comfort (ESC) effect: When they reach and grasp tools, individuals tend to adopt uncomfortable initial hand postures if that allows a subsequent comfortable final posture. In the context of tool use, this effect is modulated by tool orientation, task goal, and cooperation. However, the cognitive bases of the ESC effect remain unclear. The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of semantic tool knowledge and technical reasoning to movement planning, by testing whether the ESC effect typically observed with familiar tools would also be observed with novel tools. Twenty-six participants were asked to reach and grasp familiar and novel tools under varying conditions (i.e., tool's handle downward vs. upward; tool transport vs. use; solo vs. cooperation). In our findings, the effects of tool orientation, task goal and cooperation were replicated with novel tools. It follows that semantic tool knowledge is not critical for the ESC effect to occur. In fact, we found an "habitual" effect: Participant adopted uncomfortable grips with familiar tools even when it was not necessary (i.e., to transport them), probably because of the interference of habitual movement programming with actual movement programming. A cognitive view of movement planning is proposed, according to which goal comprehension (1) may rely on semantic tool knowledge, technical reasoning, and/or social skills, (2) defines end-state configuration, which in turn (3) calibrates beginning-state comfort and hence the occurrence of the ESC effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Baumard
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, F-76000, Rouen, France.
- Centre de Recherche Sur Les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (EA 7475), Place Emile Blondel, Bât. Freinet, Bureau F113, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France.
| | | | - Vincent Roy
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Loïc Deschamps
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, F-76000, Rouen, France
| | - Pierpaolo Iodice
- CETAPS Lab., University of Rouen Normandy, Boulevard Siegfried, 76821, Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Via S. Martino Della Battaglia, 44, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude Des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, 5 Avenue Pierre Mendès France, 69676, Bron Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Julie Brisson
- Univ Rouen Normandie, CRFDP UR 7475, F-76000, Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
What semantic dementia tells us about the ability to infer others' communicative intentions. Behav Brain Sci 2023; 46:e12. [PMID: 36799057 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x22000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
As Heintz & Scott-Phillips rightly argued, pragmatics has been too commonly considered as a supplement to linguistic communication. Their aim to reorient the study of cognitive pragmatics as the foundation of many distinctive features of human behavior finds echo in the neuropsychological literature on tool use, in which the investigation of semantic dementia challenges the classical semantics versus pragmatics dissociation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Baumard J. Is Shadowing Behavior Caused by Body Representation Disorders and Apraxia? J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:1331-1333. [PMID: 37545244 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Shadowing is a person-following behavior, commonly observed in dementia (e.g., Alzheimer's disease). It may be caused by neuropsychological impairments associated with posterior brain lesions, as Kudo et al. described it in a patient with posterior cortical atrophy and no frontal signs. These authors have suggested that shadowing may arise from the combination of visuospatial impairments, aphasia, apraxia, and prosopagnosia. However, how these symptoms may contribute to shadowing remains unclear. It is suggested that the combination of visuospatial impairments, body representation disorders, and apraxia, may result in complete loss of spatial representations and hence, shadowing behavior.
Collapse
|
8
|
Osiurak F, Claidière N, Federico G. Bringing cumulative technological culture beyond copying versus reasoning. Trends Cogn Sci 2023; 27:30-42. [PMID: 36283920 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2022.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The dominant view of cumulative technological culture suggests that high-fidelity transmission rests upon a high-fidelity copying ability, which allows individuals to reproduce the tool-use actions performed by others without needing to understand them (i.e., without causal reasoning). The opposition between copying versus reasoning is well accepted but with little supporting evidence. In this article, we investigate this distinction by examining the cognitive science literature on tool use. Evidence indicates that the ability to reproduce others' tool-use actions requires causal understanding, which questions the copying versus reasoning distinction and the cognitive reality of the so-called copying ability. We conclude that new insights might be gained by considering causal understanding as a key driver of cumulative technological culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, 5 avenue Pierre Mendès France, 69676 Bron Cedex, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France.
| | - Nicolas Claidière
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPC, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Giovanni Federico
- IRCCS Synlab SDN S.p.A., Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baumard J, Lesourd M, Guézouli L, Osiurak F. Physical understanding in neurodegenerative diseases. Cogn Neuropsychol 2022; 38:490-514. [PMID: 35549825 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2022.2071152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This quantitative review gives an overview of physical understanding (i.e., the ability to represent and use the laws of physics to interact with the physical world) impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD), semantic dementia (SD), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS), as assessed mainly with mechanical problem-solving and tool use tests. This review shows that: (1) SD patients have apraxia of tool use because of semantic tool knowledge deficits, but normal performance in tests of physical understanding; (2) AD and CBS patients show impaired performance in mechanical problem-solving tests, probably not because of intrinsic deficits of physical understanding, but rather because of additional cognitive (AD) or motor impairments (CBS); (3) As a result, the performance in mechanical problem-solving tests is not a good predictor of familiar tool use in dementia; (4) Actual deficits of physical understanding are probably observed only in late stages of neurodegenerative diseases, and associated with functional loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Baumard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA 7475), 76000 Rouen, France.,Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (EA 7475), Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Léna Guézouli
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA 7475), 76000 Rouen, France.,Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (EA 7475), Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Bron Cedex, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Osiurak F, Reynaud E, Baumard J, Rossetti Y, Bartolo A, Lesourd M. Pantomime of tool use: looking beyond apraxia. Brain Commun 2022; 3:fcab263. [PMID: 35350708 PMCID: PMC8936430 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pantomime has a long tradition in clinical neuropsychology of apraxia. It has been much more used by researchers and clinicians to assess tool-use disorders than real tool use. Nevertheless, it remains incompletely understood and has given rise to controversies, such as the involvement of the left inferior parietal lobe or the nature of the underlying cognitive processes. The present article offers a comprehensive framework, with the aim of specifying the neural and cognitive bases of pantomime. To do so, we conducted a series of meta-analyses of brain-lesion, neuroimaging and behavioural studies about pantomime and other related tasks (i.e. real tool use, imitation of meaningless postures and semantic knowledge). The first key finding is that the area PF (Area PF complex) within the left inferior parietal lobe is crucially involved in both pantomime and real tool use as well as in the kinematics component of pantomime. The second key finding is the absence of a well-defined neural substrate for the posture component of pantomime (both grip errors and body-part-as-tool responses). The third key finding is the role played by the intraparietal sulcus in both pantomime and imitation of meaningless postures. The fourth key finding is that the left angular gyrus seems to be critical in the production of motor actions directed towards the body. The fifth key finding is that performance on pantomime is strongly correlated with the severity of semantic deficits. Taken together, these findings invite us to offer a neurocognitive model of pantomime, which provides an integrated alternative to the two hypotheses that dominate the field: The gesture-engram hypothesis and the communicative hypothesis. More specifically, this model assumes that technical reasoning (notably the left area PF), the motor-control system (notably the intraparietal sulcus), body structural description (notably the left angular gyrus), semantic knowledge (notably the polar temporal lobes) and potentially theory of mind (notably the middle prefrontal cortex) work in concert to produce pantomime. The original features of this model open new avenues for understanding the neurocognitive bases of pantomime, emphasizing that pantomime is a communicative task that nevertheless originates in specific tool-use (not motor-related) cognitive processes. <Please insert Graphical abstract here>
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Emanuelle Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France
| | - Josselin Baumard
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA7475), 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Trajectoires Team, CNRS U5292, Inserm U1028, Université de Lyon, 69676 Bron, France.,Mouvement, Handicap, et Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR9193, SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR481), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mangalam M, Fragaszy DM, Wagman JB, Day BM, Kelty-Stephen DG, Bongers RM, Stout DW, Osiurak F. On the psychological origins of tool use. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 134:104521. [PMID: 34998834 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of tool use in human life has generated multiple lines of scientific and philosophical investigation to understand the development and expression of humans' engagement with tools and its relation to other dimensions of human experience. However, existing literature on tool use faces several epistemological challenges in which the same set of questions generate many different answers. At least four critical questions can be identified, which are intimately intertwined-(1) What constitutes tool use? (2) What psychological processes underlie tool use in humans and nonhuman animals? (3) Which of these psychological processes are exclusive to tool use? (4) Which psychological processes involved in tool use are exclusive to Homo sapiens? To help advance a multidisciplinary scientific understanding of tool use, six author groups representing different academic disciplines (e.g., anthropology, psychology, neuroscience) and different theoretical perspectives respond to each of these questions, and then point to the direction of future work on tool use. We find that while there are marked differences among the responses of the respective author groups to each question, there is a surprising degree of agreement about many essential concepts and questions. We believe that this interdisciplinary and intertheoretical discussion will foster a more comprehensive understanding of tool use than any one of these perspectives (or any one of these author groups) would (or could) on their own.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhur Mangalam
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Science, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
| | | | - Jeffrey B Wagman
- Department of Psychology, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61761, USA
| | - Brian M Day
- Department of Psychology, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | | | - Raoul M Bongers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Dietrich W Stout
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, Lyon 69361, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75231, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Papadopoulos G, Parissis D, Konstantinopoulou E, Natsis K, Gotzamani-Psarrakou A, Ioannidis P. Preliminary validation of the apraxia battery for adults-second edition (ABA-2) in Greek patients with dementia. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 122:997-1003. [PMID: 34471971 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01783-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apraxia is considered a supportive feature in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. It has been reported that patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) may present apraxia, especially in the buccofacial area. The Apraxia Battery for Adults (ABA-2) is a brief and practical battery for praxis impairment and has been validated in Greek post-stroke patients. AIM To validate and evaluate ABA-2 test, translated and culturally adapted, in a sample of Greek demented patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with FTD (n = 20) and AD (n = 20) were included in the study. Age-, gender-, and education- matched healthy controls (n = 20) were also tested. All participants completed Adenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Frontal Rating Scale (FRS), Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI), and ABA-2 battery. Sensitivity and specificity of ABA-2 were calculated, as well as its consistency and statistical significance for diagnosing apraxia. RESULTS The ABA-2 was able to differentiate demented patients from healthy controls with a sensitivity of 77.5% and specificity of 95%. Its validity was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient > 0.7, indicating satisfactory internal reliability. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing total ABA-2 score (p < 0.0001), as well as 3 out of 6 subtests of ABA-2, between the two study groups. Age, gender and education were not correlated with ABA-2 score. CONCLUSION ABA-2 is a valid, reliable and sensitive battery to differentiate demented patients from healthy individuals in the Greek population. We propose the modification of ABA-2 to a 5-subtest tool, to be administered as a bed-side test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Papadopoulos
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Department of Neurology, 401 Military Hospital Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Parissis
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Konstantinopoulou
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Natsis
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Gotzamani-Psarrakou
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Ioannidis
- Second Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lesourd M, Servant M, Baumard J, Reynaud E, Ecochard C, Medjaoui FT, Bartolo A, Osiurak F. Semantic and action tool knowledge in the brain: Identifying common and distinct networks. Neuropsychologia 2021; 159:107918. [PMID: 34166668 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Most cognitive models of apraxia assume that impaired tool use results from a deficit occurring at the conceptual level, which contains dedicated information about tool use, namely, semantic and action tool knowledge. Semantic tool knowledge contains information about the prototypical use of familiar tools, such as function (e.g., a hammer and a mallet share the same purpose) and associative relations (e.g., a hammer goes with a nail). Action tool knowledge contains information about how to manipulate tools, such as hand posture and kinematics. The present review aimed to better understand the neural correlates of action and semantic tool knowledge, by focusing on activation, stimulation and patients' studies (left brain-damaged patients). We found that action and semantic tool knowledge rely upon a large brain network including temporal and parietal regions. Yet, while action tool knowledge calls into play the intraparietal sulcus, function relations mostly involve the anterior and posterior temporal lobe. Associative relations engaged the angular and the posterior middle temporal gyrus. Moreover, we found that hand posture and kinematics both tapped into the inferior parietal lobe and the lateral occipital temporal cortex, but no region specificity was found for one or the other representation. Our results point out the major role of both posterior middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobe for action and semantic tool knowledge. They highlight the common and distinct brain networks involved in action and semantic tool networks and spur future directions on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000, Besançon, France; MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000, Besançon, France.
| | - Mathieu Servant
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000, Besançon, France; MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25000, Besançon, France
| | | | - Emanuelle Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
| | | | | | - Angela Bartolo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baumard J, Le Gall D. The challenge of apraxia: Toward an operational definition? Cortex 2021; 141:66-80. [PMID: 34033988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of limb apraxia relies mainly on exclusion criteria (e.g., elementary motor or sensory deficits, aphasia). Due to the diversity of apraxia definitions and assessment methods, patients may or may not show apraxia depending on the chosen assessment method or theory, making the definition of apraxia somewhat arbitrary. As a result, "apraxia" may be diagnosed in patients with different cognitive impairments. Based on a quantitative and critical review of the literature, it is argued that this situation has its roots in the evolution from a task-based approach (i.e., the use of gold standard tests to detect apraxia) toward a process-based approach, namely, the deconstruction of the conceptual or production systems of action into multiple cognitive processes: language, executive functions, working memory, semantic memory, body schema, body image, visual-spatial skills, social cognition, visual-kinesthetic engrams, manipulation knowledge, technical reasoning, structural inference, and categorical apprehension. The coexistence of both approaches in the current literature is a major challenge that stands in the way of a scientific definition of apraxia. As a step toward a solution, we suggest to focus on symptoms, and on two complementary definition criteria (in addition with traditional exclusion criteria): Specificity (i.e., is apraxia explained by the alteration of cognitive processes specifically dedicated to gesture production?), and consistency (i.e., is the gesture production impairment consistent across tasks?). Two categories of limb apraxia are proposed: symptomatic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that are secondary to more general cognitive impairments) and idiopathic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that can be observed in isolation). It turns out that the only apraxia subtype that fulfills exclusion, specificity, and consistency criteria is limb-kinetic apraxia. A century after Liepmann's demonstration of the autonomy of apraxia toward language, the autonomy of this syndrome toward the rest of cognition remains an open question, while it poses new challenges to apraxia studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jarry C, Osiurak F, Baumard J, Lesourd M, Coiffard C, Lucas C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Moreaud O, Croisile B, Le Gall D. Daily life activities in patients with Alzheimer's disease or semantic dementia: Multitasking assessment. Neuropsychologia 2020; 150:107714. [PMID: 33285188 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) or semantic dementia (SD) on their cognitive processes and the severity of their daily life activity impairments. Three types of tasks were administered to patients (SD = 15; AD = 31) and 30 healthy controls (HC): 1) informant-based scales and questionnaires, 2) a neuropsychological assessment exploring executive functions, episodic and semantic memory, and 3) a new original test featuring multi-step naturalistic actions and multitasking: the Sequential Daily Life Multitasking (SDLM). We predicted that patients with AD would mainly exhibit task perplexity, associated with episodic and executive deficits on the SDLM, while the behavior of patients with SD would mostly be characterized by object perplexity, associated with semantic memory deficits. Results showed that patients with AD or SD were impaired across all neuropsychological tests, particularly episodic memory in AD and semantic memory in SD. General performance on the SDLM also appeared dramatically impaired in both patient groups, and correlated with results of questionnaires about instrumental activities and memory impairments. However, specific qualitative measurements on the SDLM did not allow us to pinpoint different patterns of errors and behavior in patients with AD versus SD. We suggest that the inability of patients in both groups to perform the SDLM may derive from a constellation of disorders or else from more subtle impairment of cognitive and conative processes that requires further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France.
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | | | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Psychologie (EA3188), Université Bourgogne Franche Comté, France
| | - Clémence Coiffard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France
| | - Charlène Lucas
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France
| | - Catherine Merck
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, CMRR, Rennes, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| | - Serge Belliard
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou, CMRR, Rennes, France; Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie, Unité INSERM U 1077, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Moreaud
- CMRR Grenoble Arc Alpin, Pôle de Psychiatrie et Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, France; Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition CNRS UMR 5105, Grenoble, France
| | - Bernard Croisile
- Service de Neuropsychologie, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de La Loire, LPPL EA 4638, SFR Confluences, UNIV Angers, Nantes Université, Maison de La Recherche Germaine Tillion, 5 Bis Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, Cedex 01, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The elephant in the China shop: When technical reasoning meets cumulative technological culture. Behav Brain Sci 2020; 43:e183. [PMID: 32772979 DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x20000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The commentaries have both revealed the implications of and challenged our approach. In this response, we reply to these concerns, discuss why the technical-reasoning hypothesis does not minimize the role of social-learning mechanisms - nor assume that technical-reasoning skills make individuals omniscient technically - and make suggestions for overcoming the classical opposition between the cultural versus cognitive niche hypothesis of cumulative technological culture.
Collapse
|
17
|
Using tools effectively despite defective hand posture: A single-case study. Cortex 2020; 129:406-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
18
|
Yliranta A, Jehkonen M. Limb and face apraxias in frontotemporal dementia: A systematic scoping review. Cortex 2020; 129:529-547. [PMID: 32418629 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the literature for frequencies, profiles and neural correlates of limb and face apraxias in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). METHOD The search conducted in Ovid Medline, PsycINFO and Scopus yielded 487 non-duplicate records, and 43 were included in the final analysis. RESULTS Apraxias are evident in diverse forms in all clinical variants of FTD within the first four years of the disease. Face apraxia and productive limb apraxia co-occur in the behavioural and nonfluent variants. The logopenic variant resembles Alzheimer's disease in terms of pronounced parietal limb apraxia and absence of face apraxia. The semantic variant exhibits conceptual praxis deficits together with relatively preserved imitation skills. Concerning the genetic variants of FTD, productive limb apraxia is common among carriers of the progranulin gene mutation, and subtle gestural alterations have been documented among carriers of the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 gene mutation before the expected disease onset. The data on neural correlations suggest that the breakdown of praxis results from bilateral cortical and subcortical damage in FTD and that Alzheimer-type pathology of the cerebrospinal fluid increases the severity of limb apraxia in all of the variants. Face apraxia correlates with degeneration of the medial and superior frontal cortices. CONCLUSIONS Each of the clinical variants of FTD exhibits a characteristic profile of apraxias that may support early differentiation between the variants and from Alzheimer's disease. However, the screening procedures developed for stroke populations seem insufficient, and a multifaceted assessment tool is needed. Although valid and practical tests already exist for dementia populations, a concise selection of test items that covers all of the critical domains is called for.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aino Yliranta
- Neurology Clinic, Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland; Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Mervi Jehkonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luzzatti C, Mauri I, Castiglioni S, Zuffi M, Spartà C, Somalvico F, Franceschi M. Evaluating Semantic Knowledge Through a Semantic Association Task in Individuals With Dementia. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520917294. [PMID: 32308008 PMCID: PMC10623912 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520917294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
Conceptual knowledge is supported by multiple semantic systems that are specialized for the analysis of different properties associated with object concepts. Various types of semantic association between concrete concepts-categorical (CA), encyclopedic (EA), functional (FA), and visual-encyclopedic (VEA) associations-were tested through a new picture-to-picture matching task (semantic association task, SAT). Forty individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 with behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD), 6 with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and 37 healthy participants were tested with the SAT. Within-group comparisons highlighted a global impairment of all types of semantic association in bv-FTD individuals but a disproportionate impairment of EA and FA, with relative sparing of CA and VEA, in AD individuals. Single-case analyses detected dissociations in all dementia groups. Conceptual knowledge can be selectively impaired in various types of neurodegenerative disease on the basis of the specific cognitive process that is disrupted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luzzatti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mauri
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marta Zuffi
- Department of Neurology, MultiMedica Hospital, Castellanza, Italy
| | - Chiara Spartà
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Cumulative technological culture (CTC) refers to the increase in the efficiency and complexity of tools and techniques in human populations over generations. A fascinating question is to understand the cognitive origins of this phenomenon. Because CTC is definitely a social phenomenon, most accounts have suggested a series of cognitive mechanisms oriented toward the social dimension (e.g., teaching, imitation, theory of mind, and metacognition), thereby minimizing the technical dimension and the potential influence of non-social, cognitive skills. What if we have failed to see the elephant in the room? What if social cognitive mechanisms were only catalyzing factors and not the sufficient and necessary conditions for the emergence of CTC? In this article, we offer an alternative, unified cognitive approach to this phenomenon by assuming that CTC originates in non-social cognitive skills, namely technical-reasoning skills which enable humans to develop the technical potential necessary to constantly acquire and improve technical information. This leads us to discuss how theory of mind and metacognition, in concert with technical reasoning, can help boost CTC. The cognitive approach developed here opens up promising new avenues for reinterpreting classical issues (e.g., innovation, emulation vs. imitation, social vs. asocial learning, cooperation, teaching, and overimitation) in a field that has so far been largely dominated by other disciplines, such as evolutionary biology, mathematics, anthropology, archeology, economics, and philosophy.
Collapse
|
21
|
Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Lucas C, Jarry C, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Imitation of meaningless gestures in normal aging. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 27:729-747. [PMID: 31595839 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1674773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
While imitation of meaningless gestures is a gold standard in the assessment of apraxia in patients with either stroke or neurodegenerative diseases, little is known about potential age-related effects on this measure. A significant body of literature has indicated that different mechanisms (i.e., executive functioning, visuospatial skills, sensory integration, body knowledge, categorical apprehension) may underlie the performance depending on imitation conditions (i.e., finger/hand, uni-/bimanual, symmetric/asymmetric, crossed/uncrossed configurations). However, neither the effects of these conditions on performance, nor the contribution of the abovementioned mechanisms to imitation have been explored in normal aging. The aim of the present study was to fill this gap. To do so, healthy adults (n = 103) aged 50 to 89 were asked to imitate 45 meaningless gestures. The authors controlled for general cognitive function, motor function, visual-spatial skills, executive function, sensory integration, body knowledge, and mechanical problem-solving skills. The results showed that asymmetry, body-midline crossing and, to a lesser extent, bimanual activity added an additional layer of difficulty to imitation tasks. After controlling for motor speed and cognitive function, age had an effect on imitation skills after 70 years old. This may reflect a decline in body knowledge, sensory integration, and executive functions. In contrast, the visuospatial and mechanical problem-solving hypotheses were ruled out. An additional motor simulation hypothesis is proposed. These findings may prove useful for clinicians working in memory clinics by providing insights on how to interpret imitation deficits. Lower performance after 70 years old should not be considered abnormal in a systematic manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- CNRS, LNC, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France.,CNRS, Fédération 3C, Aix Marseille University , Marseille, France
| | | | - Charlène Lucas
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France
| | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon , France.,Institut Universitaire de France , Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (EA 4638), Université d'Angers , France.,Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers , France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The – weak – role of memory in tool use: Evidence from neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropsychologia 2019; 129:117-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
23
|
Baumard J, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Boussard D, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Rossetti Y, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Effect of object substitution, spontaneous compensation and repetitive training on reaching movements in a patient with optic ataxia. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2019; 30:1786-1813. [PMID: 31030640 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2019.1607397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of M.B. who demonstrated severe optic ataxia with the right hand following stroke in the left hemisphere. The clinical picture may shed light on both the pathological characteristics of reaching and grasping actions, and potential rehabilitation strategies for optic ataxia. First, M.B. demonstrated a dissociation between severely impaired reaching and relatively spared grasping and tool use skills and knowledge, which confirms that grasping may be more intermingled with non-motoric cognitive mechanisms than reaching. Besides, M.B.'s reaching performance was sensitive to movement repetition. We observed a substitution effect: Reaching time decreased if M.B. repeatedly reached toward the same object but increased when object identity changed. This may imply that not only object localization but also object identity, is integrated into movement programming in reach-to-grasp tasks. Second, studying M.B.'s spontaneous compensation strategies ascertained that the mere repetition of reaching movements had a positive effect, to the point M.B. almost recovered to normal level after an intensive one-day repetitive training session. This case study seems to provide one of the first examples of optic ataxia rehabilitation. Reaching skills can be trained by repetitive training even two years post-stroke and despite the presence of visuo-imitative apraxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Delphine Boussard
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chrystelle Remigereau
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,French Universitary Institute, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, Angers, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Buchmann I, Dangel M, Finkel L, Jung R, Makhkamova I, Binder A, Dettmers C, Herrmann L, Liepert J, Möller JC, Richter G, Vogler T, Wolf C, Randerath J. Limb apraxia profiles in different clinical samples. Clin Neuropsychol 2019; 34:217-242. [DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2019.1585575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilka Buchmann
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Lisa Finkel
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Inara Makhkamova
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Binder
- Center for Neurological Rehabilitation, Rehaklinik Zihlschlacht, Zihlschlacht, Switzerland
| | - Christian Dettmers
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Kliniken Schmieder, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Laura Herrmann
- Klinik für Alterspsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychiatrie Reichenau, Reichenau, Germany
| | - Joachim Liepert
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Jens Carsten Möller
- Center for Neurological Rehabilitation, Rehaklinik Zihlschlacht, Zihlschlacht, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Richter
- Klinik für Alterspsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychiatrie Reichenau, Reichenau, Germany
| | - Tobias Vogler
- Klinik für Alterspsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychiatrie Reichenau, Reichenau, Germany
| | - Caroline Wolf
- Klinik für Alterspsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychiatrie Reichenau, Reichenau, Germany
| | - Jennifer Randerath
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abbate C, Trimarchi PD, Manzoni L, Quarenghi AM, Salvi GP, Inglese S, Giunco F, Bagarolo R, Mari D, Arosio B. A posterior variant of corticobasal syndrome: Evidence from a longitudinal study of cognitive and functional status in a single case. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2018.1452868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Abbate
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Davide Trimarchi
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Manzoni
- Istituto Clinico Quarenghi, via San Carlo 70, 24016 San Pellegrino Terme, Italy
| | | | - Gian Pietro Salvi
- Istituto Clinico Quarenghi, via San Carlo 70, 24016 San Pellegrino Terme, Italy
| | - Silvia Inglese
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Giunco
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Renzo Bagarolo
- Alzheimer’s Assessment Unit, S. Maria Nascente, Fondazione IRCCS Don Carlo Gnocchi, via Alfonso Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Pace 9, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nobusako S, Ishibashi R, Takamura Y, Oda E, Tanigashira Y, Kouno M, Tominaga T, Ishibashi Y, Okuno H, Nobusako K, Zama T, Osumi M, Shimada S, Morioka S. Distortion of Visuo-Motor Temporal Integration in Apraxia: Evidence From Delayed Visual Feedback Detection Tasks and Voxel-Based Lesion-Symptom Mapping. Front Neurol 2018; 9:709. [PMID: 30210434 PMCID: PMC6119712 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Limb apraxia is a higher brain dysfunction that typically occurs after left hemispheric stroke and its cause cannot be explained by sensory disturbance or motor paralysis. The comparison of motor signals and visual feedback to generate errors, i.e., visuo-motor integration, is important in motor control and motor learning, which may be impaired in apraxia. However, in apraxia after stroke, it is unknown whether there is a specific deficit in visuo-motor temporal integration compared to visuo-tactile and visuo-proprioceptive temporal integration. We examined the precision of visuo-motor temporal integration and sensory-sensory (visuo-tactile and visuo-proprioception) temporal integration in apraxia after stroke by using a delayed visual feedback detection task with three different conditions (tactile, passive movement, and active movement). The delay detection threshold and the probability curve for delay detection obtained in this task were quantitative indicators of the respective temporal integration functions. In addition, we performed subtraction and voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping to identify the brain lesions responsible for apraxia and deficits in visuo-motor temporal integration. The behavioral experiments showed that the delay detection threshold was extended and that the probability curve for delay detection was less steep in apraxic patients compared to controls (pseudo-apraxic patients and unaffected patients), only for the active movement condition, and not for the tactile and passive movement conditions. Furthermore, the severity of apraxia was significantly correlated with the delay detection threshold and the steepness of the probability curve in the active movement condition. These results indicated that multisensory (i.e., visual, tactile, and proprioception) feedback was normally temporally integrated, but motor prediction and visual feedback were not correctly temporally integrated in apraxic patients. That is, apraxic patients had difficulties with visuo-motor temporal integration. Lesion analyses revealed that both apraxia and the distortion of visuo-motor temporal integration were associated with lesions in the fronto-parietal motor network, including the left inferior parietal lobule and left inferior frontal gyrus. We suppose that damage to the left inferior fronto-parietal network could cause deficits in motor prediction for visuo-motor temporal integration, but not for sensory-sensory (visuo-tactile and visuo-proprioception) temporal integration, leading to the distortion of visuo-motor temporal integration in patients with apraxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nobusako
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.,Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Yusaku Takamura
- Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Murata Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emika Oda
- Department of Rehabilitation, Murata Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masashi Kouno
- Department of Rehabilitation, Murata Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yurie Ishibashi
- Cognitive-Neurorehabilitation Center, Setsunan General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okuno
- Cognitive-Neurorehabilitation Center, Setsunan General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaori Nobusako
- Cognitive-Neurorehabilitation Center, Setsunan General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuro Zama
- Rhythm-Based Brain Information Processing Unit, RIKEN CBS-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Michihiro Osumi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.,Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Shimada
- Department of Electronics and Bioinformatics, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shu Morioka
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara, Japan.,Graduate School of Health Science, Kio University, Nara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Roy S, Park NW. Response: Commentary: Effects of dividing attention on memory for declarative and procedural aspects of tool use. Front Psychol 2018; 9:631. [PMID: 29774004 PMCID: PMC5943820 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
28
|
Novel Tool Selection in Left Brain-Damaged Patients With Apraxia of Tool Use: A Study of Three Cases. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2018; 24:524-529. [PMID: 29277173 DOI: 10.1017/s135561771700131x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent evidence indicates that some left brain-damaged (LBD) patients have difficulties to use familiar tools because of the inability to reason about physical object properties. A fundamental issue is to understand the residual capacity of those LBD patients in tool selection. METHODS Three LBD patients with tool use disorders, three right brain-damaged (RBD) patients, and six matched healthy controls performed a novel tool selection task, consisting in extracting a target out from a box by selecting the relevant tool among eight, four, or two tools. Three criteria were manipulated to make relevant and irrelevant tools (size, rigidity, shape). RESULTS LBD patients selected a greater number of irrelevant tools and had more difficulties to solve the task compared to RBD patients and controls. All participants committed more errors for selecting relevant tools based on rigidity and shape than size. In some LBD patients, the difficulties persisted even in the 2-Choice condition. CONCLUSIONS Our findings confirm that tool use disorders result from impaired technical reasoning, leading patients to meet difficulties in selecting tools based on their physical properties. We also go further by showing that these difficulties can decrease as the choice is reduced, at least for some properties, opening new avenues for rehabilitation programs. (JINS, 2018, 24, 524-529).
Collapse
|
29
|
Lesourd M, Budriesi C, Osiurak F, Nichelli PF, Bartolo A. Mechanical knowledge does matter to tool use even when assessed with a non-production task: Evidence from left brain-damaged patients. J Neuropsychol 2017; 13:198-213. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); Lyon University; Bron France
| | - Carla Budriesi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); Lyon University; Bron France
- Institut Universitaire de France; Paris France
| | - Paolo F. Nichelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France; Paris France
- Cognitive and Affective Sciences Laboratory (SCALab) CNRS UMR 9193; CHU; Lille University; Lille France
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kenigsberg PA, Aquino JP, Bérard A, Brémond F, Charras K, Dening T, Droës RM, Gzil F, Hicks B, Innes A, Nguyen SM, Nygård L, Pino M, Sacco G, Salmon E, van der Roest H, Villet H, Villez M, Robert P, Manera V. Assistive Technologies to Address Capabilities of People with Dementia: From Research to Practice. DEMENTIA 2017; 18:1568-1595. [PMID: 28699364 DOI: 10.1177/1471301217714093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Assistive technologies became pervasive and virtually present in all our life domains. They can be either an enabler or an obstacle leading to social exclusion. The Fondation Médéric Alzheimer gathered international experts of dementia care, with backgrounds in biomedical, human and social sciences, to analyze how assistive technologies can address the capabilities of people with dementia, on the basis of their needs. Discussion covered the unmet needs of people with dementia, the domains of daily life activities where assistive technologies can provide help to people with dementia, the enabling and empowering impact of technology to improve their safety and wellbeing, barriers and limits of use, technology assessment, ethical and legal issues. The capability approach (possible freedom) appears particularly relevant in person-centered dementia care and technology development. The focus is not on the solution, rather on what the person can do with it: seeing dementia as disability, with technology as an enabler to promote capabilities of the person, provides a useful framework for both research and practice. This article summarizes how these concepts took momentum in professional practice and public policies in the past 15 years (2000-2015), discusses current issues in the design, development and economic model of assistive technologies for people with dementia, and covers how these technologies are being used and assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tom Dening
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Rose-Marie Droës
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ben Hicks
- Bournemouth University Dementia Institute, UK
| | - Anthea Innes
- Salford Institute for Dementia University of Salford, Salford, United Kingdom
| | - Sao-Mai Nguyen
- Lab-STICC, Institut Mines-Télécom Bretagne, Brest, France
| | - Louise Nygård
- Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maribel Pino
- Laboratoire Lusage, Hôpital Broca, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Sacco
- Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche, CHU de Nice; Université Côte-d'Azur, CoBTeK, Nice, France
| | - Eric Salmon
- Department of Neurology, Liège University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Henriëtte van der Roest
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdaù Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marion Villez
- Laboratoire LIRTES, Université Paris-Est-Val de Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Robert
- Université Côte-d'Azur, CoBTeK, & Innovation Alzheimer Association, Nice, France
| | - Valeria Manera
- Université Côte-d'Azur, INRIA STARS & CoBTeK, Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Baumard J, Lesourd M, Remigereau C, Jarry C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Tool use in neurodegenerative diseases: Planning or technical reasoning? J Neuropsychol 2017; 12:409-426. [PMID: 28455846 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recent works showed that tool use can be impaired in stroke patients because of either planning or technical reasoning deficits, but these two hypotheses have not yet been compared in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to address the relationships between real tool use, mechanical problem-solving, and planning skills in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 32), semantic dementia (SD, n = 16), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS, n = 9). Patients were asked to select and use ten common tools, to solve three mechanical problems, and to complete the Tower of London test. Motor function and episodic memory were controlled using the Purdue Pegboard Test and the BEC96 questionnaire, respectively. A data-transformation method was applied to avoid ceiling effects, and single-case analysis was performed based on raw scores and completion time. All groups demonstrated either impaired or slowed tool use. Planning deficits were found only in the AD group. Mechanical problem-solving deficits were observed only in the AD and CBS groups. Performance in the Tower of London test was the best predictor of tool use skills in the AD group, suggesting these patients had general rather than mechanical problem-solving deficits. Episodic memory seemed to play little role in performance. Motor dysfunction tended to be associated with tool use skills in CBS patients, while tool use disorders are interpreted as a consequence of the semantic loss in SD in line with previous works. These findings may encourage caregivers to set up disease-centred interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Neurological Hospital Pierre Wertheimer, Bron, France
| | | | - Christophe Jarry
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082), University of Lyon, France.,French Universitary Institute, Paris, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratory of Psychology LPPL (EA 4638), University of Angers, France.,Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park JE. Apraxia: Review and Update. J Clin Neurol 2017; 13:317-324. [PMID: 29057628 PMCID: PMC5653618 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2017.13.4.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Praxis, the ability to perform skilled or learned movements is essential for daily living. Inability to perform such praxis movements is defined as apraxia. Apraxia can be further classified into subtypes such as ideomotor, ideational and limb-kinetic apraxia. Relevant brain regions have been found to include the motor, premotor, temporal and parietal cortices. Apraxia is found in a variety of highly prevalent neurological disorders including dementia, stroke and Parkinsonism. Furthermore, apraxia has been shown to negatively affect quality of life. Therefore, recognition and treatment of this disorder is critical. This article provides an overview of apraxia and highlights studies dealing with the neurophysiology of this disorder, opening up novel perspectives for the use of motor training and noninvasive brain stimulation as treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung E Park
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|