1
|
Zhang Y, Chamblee M, Xu J, Qu P, Shamseldin MM, Yoo SJ, Misny J, Thongpan I, Kc M, Hall JM, Gupta YA, Evans JP, Lu M, Ye C, Hsu CC, Liang X, Martinez-Sobrido L, Yount JS, Boyaka PN, Liu SL, Dubey P, Peeples ME, Li J. Three SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants delivered intranasally by measles and mumps vaccines are broadly protective. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5589. [PMID: 38961063 PMCID: PMC11222507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
As the new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and subvariants emerge, there is an urgency to develop intranasal, broadly protective vaccines. Here, we developed highly efficacious, intranasal trivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates (TVC) based on three components of the MMR vaccine: measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV) Jeryl Lynn (JL1) strain, and MuV JL2 strain. Specifically, MeV, MuV-JL1, and MuV-JL2 vaccine strains, each expressing prefusion spike (preS-6P) from a different variant of concern (VoC), were combined to generate TVCs. Intranasal immunization of IFNAR1-/- mice and female hamsters with TVCs generated high levels of S-specific serum IgG antibodies, broad neutralizing antibodies, and mucosal IgA antibodies as well as tissue-resident memory T cells in the lungs. The immunized female hamsters were protected from challenge with SARS-CoV-2 original WA1, B.1.617.2, and B.1.1.529 strains. The preexisting MeV and MuV immunity does not significantly interfere with the efficacy of TVC. Thus, the trivalent platform is a promising next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiu Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michelle Chamblee
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Panke Qu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed M Shamseldin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Sung J Yoo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jack Misny
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ilada Thongpan
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mahesh Kc
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jesse M Hall
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yash A Gupta
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John P Evans
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mijia Lu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cheng Chih Hsu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xueya Liang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Jacob S Yount
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Prosper N Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shan-Lu Liu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Center for Retrovirus Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Purnima Dubey
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark E Peeples
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianrong Li
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sato H, Meng S, Hara T, Tsuji Y, Arao Y, Sasaki K, Kobayashi S, di Luccio E, Hirotsu T, Satoh T, Doki Y, Eguchi H, Ishii H. Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Prognostic Significance and Therapeutic Implications. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1342. [PMID: 38927549 PMCID: PMC11202222 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers, which include a variety of esophageal and colorectal malignancies, present a global health challenge and require effective treatment strategies. In the evolving field of cancer immunotherapy, tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm cells) have emerged as important players in the immune response within nonlymphoid tissues. In this review, we summarize the characteristics and functions of Trm cells and discuss their profound implications for patient outcomes in gastrointestinal cancers. Positioned strategically in peripheral tissues, Trm cells have functions beyond immune surveillance, affecting tumor progression, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy. Studies indicate that Trm cells are prognostic markers and correlate positively with enhanced survival. Their presence in the tumor microenvironment has sparked interest in their therapeutic potential, particularly with respect to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may improve cancer treatment. Understanding how Trm cells work will not only help to prevent cancer spread through effective treatment but will also contribute to disease prevention at early stages as well as vaccine development. The role of Trm cells goes beyond just cancer, and they have potential applications in infectious and autoimmune diseases. This review provides a thorough analysis of Trm cells in gastrointestinal cancers, which may lead to personalized and effective cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Sato
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sikun Meng
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Tomoaki Hara
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Yoshiko Tsuji
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Yasuko Arao
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shogo Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eric di Luccio
- Hirotsu Bio Science Inc., Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan
| | | | - Taroh Satoh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ishii
- Department of Medical Data Science, Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita 565-0871, Japan; (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lam N, Lee Y, Farber DL. A guide to adaptive immune memory. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01040-6. [PMID: 38831162 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Immune memory - comprising T cells, B cells and plasma cells and their secreted antibodies - is crucial for human survival. It enables the rapid and effective clearance of a pathogen after re-exposure, to minimize damage to the host. When antigen-experienced, memory T cells become activated, they proliferate and produce effector molecules at faster rates and in greater magnitudes than antigen-inexperienced, naive cells. Similarly, memory B cells become activated and differentiate into antibody-secreting cells more rapidly than naive B cells, and they undergo processes that increase their affinity for antigen. The ability of T cells and B cells to form memory cells after antigen exposure is the rationale behind vaccination. Understanding immune memory not only is crucial for the design of more-efficacious vaccines but also has important implications for immunotherapies in infectious disease and cancer. This 'guide to' article provides an overview of the current understanding of the phenotype, function, location, and pathways for the generation, maintenance and protective capacity of memory T cells and memory B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Lam
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - YoonSeung Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Montenegro C, Perdomo-Celis F, Franco MA. Update on Early-Life T Cells: Impact on Oral Rotavirus Vaccines. Viruses 2024; 16:818. [PMID: 38932111 PMCID: PMC11209100 DOI: 10.3390/v16060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rotavirus infection continues to be a significant public health problem in developing countries, despite the availability of several vaccines. The efficacy of oral rotavirus vaccines in young children may be affected by significant immunological differences between individuals in early life and adults. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of early-life systemic and mucosal immune responses and the factors that affect them is essential to improve the current rotavirus vaccines and develop the next generation of mucosal vaccines. This review focuses on the advances in T-cell development during early life in mice and humans, discussing how immune homeostasis and response to pathogens is established in this period compared to adults. Finally, the review explores how this knowledge of early-life T-cell immunity could be utilized to enhance current and novel rotavirus vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manuel A. Franco
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110221, Colombia; (C.M.); (F.P.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ulibarri MR, Lin Y, Ramprashad JR, Han G, Hasan MH, Mithila FJ, Ma C, Gopinath S, Zhang N, Milner JJ, Beura LK. Epithelial organoid supports resident memory CD8 T cell differentiation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.01.569395. [PMID: 38076957 PMCID: PMC10705482 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.569395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Resident Memory T cells (TRM) play a vital role in regional immune defense in barrier organs. Although laboratory rodents have been extensively used to study fundamental TRM biology, poor isolation efficiency, sampling bias and low cell survival rates have limited our ability to conduct TRM-focused high-throughput assays. Here, we engineered a murine vaginal epithelial organoid (VEO)-CD8 T cell co-culture system that supports CD8 TRM differentiation in vitro. The three-dimensional VEOs established from murine adult stem cells resembled stratified squamous vaginal epithelium and induced gradual differentiation of activated CD8 T cells into epithelial TRM. These in vitro generated TRM were phenotypically and transcriptionally similar to in vivo TRM, and key tissue residency features were reinforced with a second cognate-antigen exposure during co-culture. TRM differentiation was not affected even when VEOs and CD8 T cells were separated by a semipermeable barrier, indicating soluble factors' involvement. Pharmacological and genetic approaches showed that TGF-β signaling played a crucial role in their differentiation. We found that the VEOs in our model remained susceptible to viral infections and the CD8 T cells were amenable to genetic manipulation; both of which will allow detailed interrogation of antiviral CD8 T cell biology in a reductionist setting. In summary, we established a robust model which captures bonafide TRM differentiation that is scalable, open to iterative sampling, and can be subjected to high throughput assays that will rapidly add to our understanding of TRM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max R. Ulibarri
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Julian R. Ramprashad
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Geongoo Han
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Mohammad H. Hasan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Farha J. Mithila
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
- Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Graduate Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| | - Chaoyu Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229
| | - Smita Gopinath
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, 02115
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, 78229
| | - J. Justin Milner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Lalit K. Beura
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hullegie-Peelen DM, Tejeda Mora H, Hesselink DA, Bindels EM, van den Bosch TP, Clahsen-van Groningen MC, Dieterich M, Heidt S, Minnee RC, Verjans GM, Hoogduijn MJ, Baan CC. Virus-specific TRM cells of both donor and recipient origin reside in human kidney transplants. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e172681. [PMID: 37751288 PMCID: PMC10721264 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.172681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident lymphocytes (TRLs) are critical for local protection against viral pathogens in peripheral tissue. However, it is unclear if TRLs perform a similar role in transplanted organs under chronic immunosuppressed conditions. In this study, we aimed to characterize the TRL compartment in human kidney transplant nephrectomies and examine its potential role in antiviral immunity. The TRL compartment of kidney transplants contained diverse innate, innate-like, and adaptive TRL populations expressing the canonical residency markers CD69, CD103, and CD49a. Chimerism of donor and recipient cells was present in 43% of kidney transplants and occurred in all TRL subpopulations. Paired single-cell transcriptome and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing showed that donor and recipient tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells exhibit striking similarities in their transcriptomic profiles and share numerous TCR clonotypes predicted to target viral pathogens. Virus dextramer staining further confirmed that CD8 TRM cells of both donor and recipient origin express TCRs with specificities against common viruses, including CMV, EBV, BK polyomavirus, and influenza A. Overall, the study results demonstrate that a diverse population of TRLs resides in kidney transplants and offer compelling evidence that TRM cells of both donor and recipient origin reside within this TRL population and may contribute to local protection against viral pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daphne M. Hullegie-Peelen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| | - Hector Tejeda Mora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| | - Dennis A. Hesselink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| | | | - Thierry P.P. van den Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marian C. Clahsen-van Groningen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marjolein Dieterich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| | - Sebastiaan Heidt
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robert C. Minnee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Georges M.G.M. Verjans
- HerpeslabNL of the Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Hoogduijn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| | - Carla C. Baan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) Transplant Institute
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gordon H, Rodger B, Lindsay JO, Stagg AJ. Recruitment and Residence of Intestinal T Cells - Lessons for Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:1326-1341. [PMID: 36806613 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Targeting leukocyte trafficking in the management of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] has been a significant therapeutic advance over the past 15 years. However, as with other advanced therapies, phase III clinical trials report response to trafficking inhibitors in only a proportion of patients, with fewer achieving clinical remission or mucosal healing. Additionally, there have been significant side effects, most notably progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in association with the α4 inhibitor natalizumab. This article reviews the mechanisms underpinning T cell recruitment and residence, to provide a background from which the strength and limitations of agents that disrupt leukocyte trafficking can be further explored. The therapeutic impact of trafficking inhibitors is underpinned by the complexity and plasticity of the intestinal immune response. Pathways essential for gut homing in health may be bypassed in the inflamed gut, thus providing alternative routes of entry when conventional homing molecules are targeted. Furthermore, there is conservation of trafficking architecture between proinflammatory and regulatory T cells. The persistence of resident memory cells within the gut gives rise to local established pro-inflammatory populations, uninfluenced by inhibition of trafficking. Finally, trafficking inhibitors may give rise to effects beyond the intended response, such as the impact of vedolizumab on innate immunity, as well as on target side effects. With significant research efforts into predictive biomarkers already underway, it is ultimately hoped that a better understanding of trafficking and residence will help us predict which patients are most likely to respond to inhibition of leukocyte trafficking, and how best to combine therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Gordon
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Barts & The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Beverley Rodger
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Barts & The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James O Lindsay
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Barts & The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Gastroenterology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Stagg
- Centre for Immunobiology, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Barts & The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Connors TJ, Matsumoto R, Verma S, Szabo PA, Guyer R, Gray J, Wang Z, Thapa P, Dogra P, Poon MML, Rybkina K, Bradley MC, Idzikowski E, McNichols J, Kubota M, Pethe K, Shen Y, Atkinson MA, Brusko M, Brusko TM, Yates AJ, Sims PA, Farber DL. Site-specific development and progressive maturation of human tissue-resident memory T cells over infancy and childhood. Immunity 2023; 56:1894-1909.e5. [PMID: 37421943 PMCID: PMC10527943 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Infancy and childhood are critical life stages for generating immune memory to protect against pathogens; however, the timing, location, and pathways for memory development in humans remain elusive. Here, we investigated T cells in mucosal sites, lymphoid tissues, and blood from 96 pediatric donors aged 0-10 years using phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic profiling. Our results revealed that memory T cells preferentially localized in the intestines and lungs during infancy and accumulated more rapidly in mucosal sites compared with blood and lymphoid organs, consistent with site-specific antigen exposure. Early life mucosal memory T cells exhibit distinct functional capacities and stem-like transcriptional profiles. In later childhood, they progressively adopt proinflammatory functions and tissue-resident signatures, coincident with increased T cell receptor (TCR) clonal expansion in mucosal and lymphoid sites. Together, our findings identify staged development of memory T cells targeted to tissues during the formative years, informing how we might promote and monitor immunity in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rei Matsumoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shivali Verma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter A Szabo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rebecca Guyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Puspa Thapa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pranay Dogra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maya M L Poon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ksenia Rybkina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marissa C Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Emma Idzikowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - James McNichols
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Masaru Kubota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kalpana Pethe
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maigan Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Andrew J Yates
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Muzsai S, Maryanovsky OM, Ander R, Koncz G, Mázló A, Bácsi A, Tóth M. Cell-Free Supernatant Derived from a Lactobacillus casei BL23 Culture Modifies the Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Capacity of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1521. [PMID: 37371616 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune responses are highly complex and intricately regulated processes involving immune and non-immune cells in close direct and indirect contact with each other. These cells are highly sensitive to environmental signals, including factors derived from microbiota. Here, we demonstrate that the human microbiota member Lactobacillus casei (L. casei)-derived cell-free supernatant (CFS) enhances the sensitivity of mesenchymal-stromal-cell-like (MSCI) cells to viral stimuli and induces the development of dendritic cells (DCs) with anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties via pretreated MSCl cells. Our results showed that the production of INFβ and CXCL10 by MSCl cells upon viral stimulation was dependent on the presence of L. casei-derived extracellular vesicles in CFS during pretreatment. Moreover, L. casei CFS and/or poly (I:C)-conditioned MSCI cells altered the differentiation process of freshly isolated monocytes, as well as the developing DCs' phenotype and functional activities, such as cytokine and chemokine secretion. Taken together, L. casei CFS contains factors which contribute to the pronounced antiviral response of MSCI cells, avoiding the development of inflammation via the induction of differentiation of anti-inflammatory DCs that retain their antiviral properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Szabolcs Muzsai
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ore-Matan Maryanovsky
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Roland Ander
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Koncz
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anett Mázló
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Bácsi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Allergology Research Group, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Márta Tóth
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schuster IS, Sng XYX, Lau CM, Powell DR, Weizman OE, Fleming P, Neate GEG, Voigt V, Sheppard S, Maraskovsky AI, Daly S, Koyama M, Hill GR, Turner SJ, O'Sullivan TE, Sun JC, Andoniou CE, Degli-Esposti MA. Infection induces tissue-resident memory NK cells that safeguard tissue health. Immunity 2023; 56:531-546.e6. [PMID: 36773607 PMCID: PMC10360410 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Tissue health is dictated by the capacity to respond to perturbations and then return to homeostasis. Mechanisms that initiate, maintain, and regulate immune responses in tissues are therefore essential. Adaptive immunity plays a key role in these responses, with memory and tissue residency being cardinal features. A corresponding role for innate cells is unknown. Here, we have identified a population of innate lymphocytes that we term tissue-resident memory-like natural killer (NKRM) cells. In response to murine cytomegalovirus infection, we show that circulating NK cells were recruited in a CX3CR1-dependent manner to the salivary glands where they formed NKRM cells, a long-lived, tissue-resident population that prevented autoimmunity via TRAIL-dependent elimination of CD4+ T cells. Thus, NK cells develop adaptive-like features, including long-term residency in non-lymphoid tissues, to modulate inflammation, restore immune equilibrium, and preserve tissue health. Modulating the functions of NKRM cells may provide additional strategies to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iona S Schuster
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Xavier Y X Sng
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Colleen M Lau
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David R Powell
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Orr-El Weizman
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Fleming
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Georgia E G Neate
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Valentina Voigt
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sam Sheppard
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas I Maraskovsky
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sheridan Daly
- Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Motoko Koyama
- Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Geoffrey R Hill
- Translational Science and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher E Andoniou
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Mariapia A Degli-Esposti
- Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Centre for Experimental Immunology, Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Krechetov SP, Vtorushina VV, Inviyaeva EV, Gorodnova EA, Kolesnik SV, Kudlay DA, Borovikov PI, Krechetova LV, Dolgushina NV, Sukhikh GT. T-Cell Immunity in COVID-19-Recovered Individuals and Individuals Vaccinated with the Combined Vector Vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031930. [PMID: 36768254 PMCID: PMC9916700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has required extensive research on the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the creation of new highly effective vaccines. The presence of T-cells in the body that respond to virus antigens suggests adequate antiviral immunity. We investigated T-cell immunity in individuals who recovered from mild and moderate COVID-19 and in individuals vaccinated with the Gam-COVID-Vac combined vector vaccine. The ELISPOT method was used to determine the number of T-cells responding with IFN-γ synthesis to stimulation by peptides containing epitopes of the S-protein or N-, M-, ORF3, and ORF7 proteins, using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). At the same time, the multiplex method was used to determine the accumulation of IFN-γ and other cytokines in the culture medium. According to the data obtained, the proportion of positive conclusions about the T-cell immune response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens in control, recovered, and vaccinated individuals was 12%, 70%, and 52%, respectively. At the same time, more than half of the vaccinated individuals with a T-cell response were sensitized to the antigens of N-, M-, ORF3, and ORF7 proteins not produced by Gam-COVID-Vac, indicating a high likelihood of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Increased IFN-γ release by single sensitized T-cells in response to specific stimulation in recovered and vaccinated individuals did not result in the accumulation of this and other cytokines in the culture medium. These findings suggest a balance between cytokine production and utilization by immunocompetent cells as a prerequisite for providing a controlled cytokine signal and avoiding a "cytokine storm".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Petrovich Krechetov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina Valentinovna Vtorushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgenia Vladimirovna Inviyaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Aleksandrovna Gorodnova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(916)564-77-69
| | - Svetlana Vladimirovna Kolesnik
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Anatolievich Kudlay
- NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Igorevich Borovikov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Liubov Valentinovna Krechetova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya Vitalievna Dolgushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady Tikhonovich Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I., Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai W, Wang X, Liu L, Xu L, Mao L, Tan J, Zha X, Zhan H, Lei W, Lan Y, Chen G, Li Y, Luo OJ. Single-cell profiling of T cells uncovers a tissue-resident memory-like T-cell subset associated with bidirectional prognosis for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:957436. [PMID: 36532049 PMCID: PMC9757161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.957436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The character and composition of leukemia-related T cells are closely related to the treatment response and prognosis for patients. Though B cell-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients have benefited from immune-based approaches, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells therapy, some of them still end with poor prognosis, especially for adult patients. Therefore, deep understanding of the developmental relationship between T cell subtypes in relation to B-ALL patient prognosis is urgently needed. Methods We analyzed the peripheral blood T cell single-cell RNA sequencing data of three B-ALL patients, using data from 11 healthy individuals as controls. In total, 16,143 and 53,701 T cells from B-ALL patients and healthy adults, respectively, were objectively analyzed for detailed delineation of 13 distinct T cell clusters. Cluster-specific genes were used as marker genes to annotate each T cell subtype. Results Unbiased analysis enabled the discovery of circulating CD103+ T cell (CD3+CD103+MKI67+), also defined as tissue-resident memory-like T (Trm-like) cell, populations were elevated in B-ALL patients, which expressed high level of cell proliferation and exhaustion related genes. In addition, cell fate trajectory analysis showed these Trm-like cells, which shared T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes with exhausted T (Tex) cells and effector T (Teff) cells, were supposed to transition into Teff cells; however, mainly transformed into Tex cells in leukemia environment. More importantly, Trm-like cells transformation into Teff cells and Tex cells potentially led to favorable or poor prognosis for B-ALL patients, respectively. Conclusion In sum, a circulating Trm-like cell subset with high level expression of cell proliferation and exhaustion related genes was elevated in B-ALL patients. The bidirectional developmental potential of these T cells into Teff or Tex is closely associated with favorable or poor prognosis, respectively. Together, our study provided a unique insight of alteration of leukemia related T cells, also showed a potential immunotherapy direction and prognosis assessment model for B-ALL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpu Lai
- 1Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,2Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,3Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- 4Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lian Liu
- 2Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xu
- 2Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lipeng Mao
- 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxiong Tan
- 1Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianfeng Zha
- 6Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huien Zhan
- 1Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Lei
- 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Lan
- 2Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guobing Chen
- 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Institute of Geriatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- 1Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,2Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yangqiu Li, ; Oscar Junhong Luo,
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- 3Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yangqiu Li, ; Oscar Junhong Luo,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Intranasal Vaccination with rePcrV Protects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Generates Lung Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1403788. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1403788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells are immune sentinels that bear a key role in the local immune system and rapidly respond to infection. Our previous studies showed that mucosal immunization via intranasal pathways was more effective than intramuscular route. However, the mechanism of enhanced protective immunity remains unclear. Here, we formulated a Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine composed of type III secretion protein PcrV from P. aeruginosa and curdlan adjuvant and then administered by the intranasal route. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining showed that the ratio of CD44+CD62L-CD69+CD4+ TRM cells induced by this vaccine was significantly increased, and IL-17A production was notably enhanced. Further analysis revealed that vaccinated mice can protect against the P. aeruginosa challenge even after administration with FTY720 treatment. What is more, our results showed that CD4+ TRM might be involved in the recruitment of neutrophils and provided partial protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Taken together, these data demonstrated that CD4+ TRM cells were elicited in lung tissues after immunization with rePcrV and contributed to protective immunity. Furthermore, it provided novel strategies for the development of vaccines for P. aeruginosa and other respiratory-targeted vaccines.
Collapse
|
14
|
Pallett LJ, Maini MK. Liver-resident memory T cells: life in lockdown. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:813-825. [PMID: 35482059 PMCID: PMC9708784 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00932-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A subset of memory T cells has been identified in the liver with a tissue-resident profile and the capacity for long-term 'lockdown'. Here we review how they are retained in, and adapted to, the hepatic microenvironment, including its unique anatomical features and metabolic challenges. We describe potential interactions with other local cell types and the need for a better understanding of this complex bidirectional crosstalk. Pathogen or tumour antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) can provide rapid frontline immune surveillance; we review the evidence for this in hepatotropic infections of major worldwide importance like hepatitis B and malaria and in liver cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma. Conversely, TRM can be triggered by pro-inflammatory and metabolic signals to mediate bystander tissue damage, with an emerging role in a number of liver pathologies. We discuss the need for liver sampling to gain a window into these compartmentalised T cells, allowing more accurate disease monitoring and future locally targeted immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Pallett
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, UCL, Pears Building, Rowland Hill St, London, NW3 2PP, UK.
| | - Mala K Maini
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, Division of Infection & Immunity, UCL, Pears Building, Rowland Hill St, London, NW3 2PP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sato-Kaneko F, Yao S, Lao FS, Sako Y, Jin J, Shukla NM, Cottam HB, Chan M, Belsuzarri MM, Carson DA, Hayashi T. A Dual Adjuvant System for Intranasal Boosting of Local and Systemic Immunity for Influenza Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1694. [PMID: 36298559 PMCID: PMC9611830 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemically vaccinated individuals against COVID-19 and influenza may continue to support viral replication and shedding in the upper airways, contributing to the spread of infections. Thus, a vaccine regimen that enhances mucosal immunity in the respiratory mucosa is needed to prevent a pandemic. Intranasal/pulmonary (IN) vaccines can promote mucosal immunity by promoting IgA secretion at the infection site. Here, we demonstrate that an intramuscular (IM) priming-IN boosting regimen with an inactivated influenza A virus adjuvanted with the liposomal dual TLR4/7 adjuvant (Fos47) enhances systemic and local/mucosal immunity. The IN boosting with Fos47 (IN-Fos47) enhanced antigen-specific IgA secretion in the upper and lower respiratory tracts compared to the IM boosting with Fos47 (IM-Fos47). The secreted IgA induced by IN-Fos47 was also cross-reactive to multiple influenza virus strains. Antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells in the lung were increased after IN boosting with Fos47, indicating that IN-Fos47 established tissue-resident T cells. Furthermore, IN-Fos47 induced systemic cross-reactive IgG antibody titers comparable to those of IM-Fos47. Neither local nor systemic reactogenicity or adverse effects were observed after IN delivery of Fos47. Collectively, these results indicate that the IM/IN regimen with Fos47 is safe and provides both local and systemic anti-influenza immune responses.
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated the importance of studying antiviral immunity within sites of infection to gain insights into mechanisms for immune protection and disease pathology. As SARS-CoV-2 is tropic to the respiratory tract, many studies of airway washes, lymph node aspirates, and postmortem lung tissue have revealed site-specific immune dynamics that are associated with the protection or immunopathology but are not readily observed in circulation. This review summarizes the growing body of work identifying immune processes in tissues and their interplay with immune responses in circulation during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe disease, and memory persistence. Establishment of tissue resident immunity also may have implications for vaccination and the durability of immune memory and protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Rybkina
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyColumbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Julia Davis‐Porada
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyColumbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Donna L. Farber
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyColumbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of SurgeryColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sepand MR, Bigdelou B, Ho JQ, Sharaf M, Lannigan AJ, Sullivan IM, da Silva AP, Barrett LO, McGoldrick S, Lnu Y, Lynch SE, Boisclair JM, Barnard-Pratt DD, Zanganeh S. Long-Term Immunity and Antibody Response: Challenges for Developing Efficient COVID-19 Vaccines. Antibodies (Basel) 2022; 11:35. [PMID: 35645208 PMCID: PMC9149948 DOI: 10.3390/antib11020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Questions and concerns regarding the efficacy and immunogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have plagued scientists since the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was introduced in late 2020. As a result, decisions about vaccine boosters based on breakthrough infection rates and the decline of antibody titers have commanded worldwide attention and research. COVID-19 patients have displayed continued severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-spike-protein-specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies in longitudinal studies; in addition, cytokine activation has been detected at early steps following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Epitopes that are highly reactive and can mediate long-term antibody responses have been identified at the spike and ORF1ab proteins. The N-terminal domain of the S1 and S2 subunits is the location of important SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes. High sequence identity between earlier and newer variants of SARS-CoV-2 and different degrees of sequence homology among endemic human coronaviruses have been observed. Understanding the extent and duration of protective immunity is consequential for determining the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further knowledge of memory responses to different variants of SARS-CoV-2 is needed to improve the design of the vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Banafsheh Bigdelou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Jim Q Ho
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Mohammad Sharaf
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
| | - Alexis J Lannigan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Ian M Sullivan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Alecsander P da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Leland O Barrett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Scott McGoldrick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Yuvraj Lnu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Shannon E Lynch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Jared M Boisclair
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Dakarai D Barnard-Pratt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| | - Steven Zanganeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, North Dartmouth, MA 02747, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tian Q, Zhang Z, Tan L, Yang F, Xu Y, Guo Y, Wei D, Wu C, Cao P, Ji J, Wang W, Xie X, Zhao Y. Skin and heart allograft rejection solely by long-lived alloreactive T RM cells in skin of severe combined immunodeficient mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk0270. [PMID: 35080985 PMCID: PMC8791614 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Whether induced tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells in nonlymphoid organs alone can mediate allograft rejection is unknown. By grafting alloskin or heart into severe combined immunodeficient or Rag2KO mice in which a piece of induced CD4+ and/or CD8+ TRM cell-containing MHC-matched or syngeneic skin was transplanted in advance, we addressed this issue. The induced CD4+ TRM cells in the skin alone acutely rejected alloskin or heart grafts. RNA-seq analysis showed that induced CD4+ TRM cells in skin favorably differentiated into TH17-like polarization during the secondary immune response. Inhibition of the key TH17 signaling molecule RORγt attenuated TRM cell-mediated graft rejection. Thus, we offer a unique mouse model to specifically study TRM cell-mediated allograft rejection without the involvement of lymphocytes in lymphoid organs and tissues. Our study provides strong evidence supporting the hypothesis that long-lived alloreactive TRM cells resident in other organs/tissues substantially contribute to organ allograft rejection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianchuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yinan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changhong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Ji
- Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Capital Medical University Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (X.X.); (W.W.)
| | - Xubiao Xie
- Department of Urological Organ Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (X.X.); (W.W.)
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.Z.); (X.X.); (W.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou R, Wang P, Wong YC, Xu H, Lau SY, Liu L, Mok BWY, Peng Q, Liu N, Woo KF, Deng S, Tam RCY, Huang H, Zhang AJ, Zhou D, Zhou B, Chan CY, Du Z, Yang D, Au KK, Yuen KY, Chen H, Chen Z. Nasal prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection by intranasal influenza-based boost vaccination in mouse models. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103762. [PMID: 34942445 PMCID: PMC8687884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccines in emergency use are efficacious against COVID-19, yet vaccine-induced prevention against nasal SARS-CoV-2 infection remains suboptimal. METHODS Since mucosal immunity is critical for nasal prevention, we investigated the efficacy of an intramuscular PD1-based receptor-binding domain (RBD) DNA vaccine (PD1-RBD-DNA) and intranasal live attenuated influenza-based vaccines (LAIV-CA4-RBD and LAIV-HK68-RBD) against SARS-CoV-2. FINDINGS Substantially higher systemic and mucosal immune responses, including bronchoalveolar lavage IgA/IgG and lung polyfunctional memory CD8 T cells, were induced by the heterologous PD1-RBD-DNA/LAIV-HK68-RBD as compared with other regimens. When vaccinated animals were challenged at the memory phase, prevention of robust SARS-CoV-2 infection in nasal turbinate was achieved primarily by the heterologous regimen besides consistent protection in lungs. The regimen-induced antibodies cross-neutralized variants of concerns. Furthermore, LAIV-CA4-RBD could boost the BioNTech vaccine for improved mucosal immunity. INTERPRETATION Our results demonstrated that intranasal influenza-based boost vaccination induces mucosal and systemic immunity for effective SARS-CoV-2 prevention in both upper and lower respiratory systems. FUNDING This study was supported by the Research Grants Council Collaborative Research Fund, General Research Fund and Health and Medical Research Fund in Hong Kong; Outbreak Response to Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations; Shenzhen Science and Technology Program and matching fund from Shenzhen Immuno Cure BioTech Limited; the Health@InnoHK, Innovation and Technology Commission of Hong Kong; National Program on Key Research Project of China; donations from the Friends of Hope Education Fund; the Theme-Based Research Scheme.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- COVID-19/genetics
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19 Vaccines/genetics
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dogs
- Female
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Immunity, Mucosal
- Immunization, Secondary
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Transgenic
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Vaccines, Attenuated/genetics
- Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vero Cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runhong Zhou
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yik-Chun Wong
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Xu
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Siu-Ying Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Bobo Wing-Yee Mok
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoli Peng
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Fai Woo
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Deng
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Rachel Chun-Yee Tam
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Haode Huang
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Anna Jinxia Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyan Zhou
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Biao Zhou
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yin Chan
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglong Du
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Yang
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka-Kit Au
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital; Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital; Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics Limited, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infection Control, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital; Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Poon MML, Byington E, Meng W, Kubota M, Matsumoto R, Grifoni A, Weiskopf D, Dogra P, Lam N, Szabo PA, Ural BB, Wells SB, Rosenfeld AM, Brusko MA, Brusko TM, Connors TJ, Sette A, Sims PA, Luning Prak ET, Shen Y, Farber DL. Heterogeneity of human anti-viral immunity shaped by virus, tissue, age, and sex. Cell Rep 2021; 37:110071. [PMID: 34852222 PMCID: PMC8719595 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of anti-viral immunity is essential for protection and exhibits profound heterogeneity across individuals. Here, we elucidate the factors that shape maintenance and function of anti-viral T cell immunity in the body by comprehensive profiling of virus-specific T cells across blood, lymphoid organs, and mucosal tissues of organ donors. We use flow cytometry, T cell receptor sequencing, single-cell transcriptomics, and cytokine analysis to profile virus-specific CD8+ T cells recognizing the ubiquitous pathogens influenza and cytomegalovirus. Our results reveal that virus specificity determines overall magnitude, tissue distribution, differentiation, and clonal repertoire of virus-specific T cells. Age and sex influence T cell differentiation and dissemination in tissues, while T cell tissue residence and functionality are highly correlated with the site. Together, our results demonstrate how the covariates of virus, tissue, age, and sex impact the anti-viral immune response, which is important for targeting, monitoring, and predicting immune responses to existing and emerging viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya M L Poon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Eve Byington
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wenzhao Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Masaru Kubota
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rei Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pranay Dogra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nora Lam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter A Szabo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Basak Burcu Ural
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Steven B Wells
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Aaron M Rosenfeld
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maigan A Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Thomas J Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Peter A Sims
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Eline T Luning Prak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Amr Ahmed El-Arabey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Poon MML, Rybkina K, Kato Y, Kubota M, Matsumoto R, Bloom NI, Zhang Z, Hastie KM, Grifoni A, Weiskopf D, Wells SB, Ural BB, Lam N, Szabo PA, Dogra P, Lee YS, Gray JI, Bradley MC, Brusko MA, Brusko TM, Saphire EO, Connors TJ, Sette A, Crotty S, Farber DL. SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabl9105. [PMID: 34618554 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abl9105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya M L Poon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ksenia Rybkina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yu Kato
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Masaru Kubota
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rei Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nathaniel I Bloom
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Zeli Zhang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kathryn M Hastie
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alba Grifoni
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Steven B Wells
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Basak B Ural
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nora Lam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Peter A Szabo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pranay Dogra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yoon S Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua I Gray
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Marissa C Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Maigan A Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Erica O Saphire
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thomas J Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center of Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Coronavirus disease, COVID-19, has touched every country globally except five countries (North Korea, Turkmenistan, Tonga, Tuvalu and Nauru). Vaccination is the most effective method to protect against infectious diseases. The objective is to ensure that everyone has access to a COVID-19 vaccine. The conventional vaccine development platforms are complex and time-consuming to obtain desired approved vaccine candidates through rigorous regulatory pathways. These safeguards guarantee that the optimized vaccine product is safe and efficacious for various demographic populations prior to it being approved for general use. Nucleic acid vaccines employ genetic material from a pathogen, such as a virus or bacteria, to induce an immune response against it. Based on the vaccination, the genetic material might be DNA or RNA; as such, it offers instructions for producing a specific pathogen protein that the immune system will perceive as foreign and mount an immune response. Nucleic acid vaccines for multiple antigens might be made in the same facility, lowering costs even more. Most traditional vaccine regimens do not allow for this. Herein, we demonstrate the recent understanding and advances in nucleic acid vaccines (DNA and mRNA based) against COVID-19, specifically those in human clinical trials.
Collapse
|
24
|
Veroni C, Aloisi F. The CD8 T Cell-Epstein-Barr Virus-B Cell Trialogue: A Central Issue in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:665718. [PMID: 34305896 PMCID: PMC8292956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.665718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cause and the pathogenic mechanisms leading to multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), are still under scrutiny. During the last decade, awareness has increased that multiple genetic and environmental factors act in concert to modulate MS risk. Likewise, the landscape of cells of the adaptive immune system that are believed to play a role in MS immunopathogenesis has expanded by including not only CD4 T helper cells but also cytotoxic CD8 T cells and B cells. Once the key cellular players are identified, the main challenge is to define precisely how they act and interact to induce neuroinflammation and the neurodegenerative cascade in MS. CD8 T cells have been implicated in MS pathogenesis since the 80's when it was shown that CD8 T cells predominate in MS brain lesions. Interest in the role of CD8 T cells in MS was revived in 2000 and the years thereafter by studies showing that CNS-recruited CD8 T cells are clonally expanded and have a memory effector phenotype indicating in situ antigen-driven reactivation. The association of certain MHC class I alleles with MS genetic risk implicates CD8 T cells in disease pathogenesis. Moreover, experimental studies have highlighted the detrimental effects of CD8 T cell activation on neural cells. While the antigens responsible for T cell recruitment and activation in the CNS remain elusive, the high efficacy of B-cell depleting drugs in MS and a growing number of studies implicate B cells and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a B-lymphotropic herpesvirus that is strongly associated with MS, in the activation of pathogenic T cells. This article reviews the results of human studies that have contributed to elucidate the role of CD8 T cells in MS immunopathogenesis, and discusses them in light of current understanding of autoreactivity, B-cell and EBV involvement in MS, and mechanism of action of different MS treatments. Based on the available evidences, an immunopathological model of MS is proposed that entails a persistent EBV infection of CNS-infiltrating B cells as the target of a dysregulated cytotoxic CD8 T cell response causing CNS tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Aloisi
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pritzl CJ, Daniels MA, Teixeiro E. Interplay of Inflammatory, Antigen and Tissue-Derived Signals in the Development of Resident CD8 Memory T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636240. [PMID: 34234771 PMCID: PMC8255970 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8 positive, tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) are a specialized subset of CD8 memory T cells that surveil tissues and provide critical first-line protection against tumors and pathogen re-infection. Recently, much effort has been dedicated to understanding the function, phenotype and development of TRM. A myriad of signals is involved in the development and maintenance of resident memory T cells in tissue. Much of the initial research focused on the roles tissue-derived signals play in the development of TRM, including TGFß and IL-33 which are critical for the upregulation of CD69 and CD103. However, more recent data suggest further roles for antigenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on the interplay of pro-inflammatory, tissue and antigenic signals in the establishment of resident memory T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Teixeiro
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hirahara K, Kokubo K, Aoki A, Kiuchi M, Nakayama T. The Role of CD4 + Resident Memory T Cells in Local Immunity in the Mucosal Tissue - Protection Versus Pathology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:616309. [PMID: 33968018 PMCID: PMC8097179 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory T cells are crucial for both local and systemic protection against pathogens over a long period of time. Three major subsets of memory T cells; effector memory T (TEM) cells, central memory T (TCM) cells, and tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells have been identified. The most recently identified subset, TRM cells, is characterized by the expression of the C-type lectin CD69 and/or the integrin CD103. TRM cells persist locally at sites of mucosal tissue, such as the lung, where they provide frontline defense against various pathogens. Importantly, however, TRM cells are also involved in shaping the pathology of inflammatory diseases. A number of pioneering studies revealed important roles of CD8+ TRM cells, particularly those in the local control of viral infection. However, the protective function and pathogenic role of CD4+ TRM cells that reside within the mucosal tissue remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss the ambivalent feature of CD4+ TRM cells in the protective and pathological immune responses. We also review the transcriptional and epigenetic characteristics of CD4+ TRM cells in the lung that have been elucidated by recent technical approaches. A better understanding of the function of CD4+ TRM cells is crucial for the development of both effective vaccination against pathogens and new therapeutic strategies for intractable inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases and chronic allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Hirahara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kota Kokubo
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ami Aoki
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kiuchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The new vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are novel in terms of specificity, their wide dissemination across the global population and the inclusion of newly licensed mRNA platforms. We discuss here how the approved vaccines trigger innate immunity to promote durable immunological memory and consider the future implications of protecting populations with these vaccines. This Comment outlines how the recently licensed vaccines for COVID-19 activate innate immune mechanisms to promote immune memory to SARS-CoV-2. The authors also consider future challenges that could limit vaccine efficacy.
Collapse
|
28
|
Hirahara K, Aoki A, Nakayama T. Pathogenic helper T cells. Allergol Int 2021; 70:169-173. [PMID: 33637414 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intractable chronic inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory diseases and allergic diseases, are caused by disruption or failure of the immune system. Pathogenic immune cells are presumed to be closely related to the pathogenesis of intractable diseases, but the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases remain unclear. The balance between the T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cell fractions has been believed to be responsible for the differences among inflammatory diseases. However, an analysis of the cells infiltrating inflammatory lesions in mice and humans revealed the generation of pathogenic Th cells with different characteristics at the memory T-cell stage in the peripheral tissues in various inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent progress regarding the characteristics of pathogenic Th cells, their mode of action, and the molecular mechanisms that regulate the pathology of intractable chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly those with tissue fibrosis. We hope this article will help clarify the pathogenesis of these diseases and propose a future direction for research.
Collapse
|
29
|
Okła K, Farber DL, Zou W. Tissue-resident memory T cells in tumor immunity and immunotherapy. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211911. [PMID: 33755718 PMCID: PMC7992502 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) represent a heterogeneous T cell population with the functionality of both effector and memory T cells. TRM express residence gene signatures. This feature allows them to traffic to, reside in, and potentially patrol peripheral tissues, thereby enforcing an efficient long-term immune-protective role. Recent studies have revealed TRM involvement in tumor immune responses. TRM tumor infiltration correlates with enhanced response to current immunotherapy and is often associated with favorable clinical outcome in patients with cancer. Thus, targeting TRM may lead to enhanced cancer immunotherapy efficacy. Here, we review and discuss recent advances on the nature of TRM in the context of tumor immunity and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Okła
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Donna L Farber
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Weiping Zou
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI.,Center of Excellence for Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI.,Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI.,Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Palgen JL, Feraoun Y, Dzangué-Tchoupou G, Joly C, Martinon F, Le Grand R, Beignon AS. Optimize Prime/Boost Vaccine Strategies: Trained Immunity as a New Player in the Game. Front Immunol 2021; 12:612747. [PMID: 33763063 PMCID: PMC7982481 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.612747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most vaccines require multiple doses to induce long-lasting protective immunity in a high frequency of vaccines, and to ensure strong both individual and herd immunity. Repetitive immunogenic stimulations not only increase the intensity and durability of adaptive immunity, but also influence its quality. Several vaccine parameters are known to influence adaptive immune responses, including notably the number of immunizations, the delay between them, and the delivery sequence of different recombinant vaccine vectors. Furthermore, the initial effector innate immune response is key to activate and modulate B and T cell responses. Optimization of homologous and heterologous prime/boost vaccination strategies requires a thorough understanding of how vaccination history affects memory B and T cell characteristics. This requires deeper knowledge of how innate cells respond to multiple vaccine encounters. Here, we review how innate cells, more particularly those of the myeloid lineage, sense and respond differently to a 1st and a 2nd vaccine dose, both in an extrinsic and intrinsic manner. On one hand, the presence of primary specific antibodies and memory T cells, whose critical properties change with time after priming, provides a distinct environment for innate cells at the time of re-vaccination. On the other hand, innate cells themselves can exert enhanced intrinsic antimicrobial functions, long after initial stimulation, which is referred to as trained immunity. We discuss the potential of trained innate cells to be game-changers in prime/boost vaccine strategies. Their increased functionality in antigen uptake, antigen presentation, migration, and as cytokine producers, could indeed improve the restimulation of primary memory B and T cells and their differentiation into potent secondary memory cells in response to the boost. A better understanding of trained immunity mechanisms will be highly valuable for harnessing the full potential of trained innate cells, to optimize immunization strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Palgen
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.,School of Medical Sciences, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cellular Genomics Futures Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yanis Feraoun
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gaëlle Dzangué-Tchoupou
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Candie Joly
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Frédéric Martinon
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tissue-specific immunity for a changing world. Cell 2021; 184:1517-1529. [PMID: 33740452 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our immune system has evolved to protect us from pathogens and maintain homeostasis through localization in diverse tissue sites throughout the body. Immune responses are orchestrated by T cells, which direct pathogen clearance at the infection site and establish tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) for protection immunity. Here, we discuss how tissue immune responses are influenced by various stressors (e.g., metabolic, environmental, aging) that are rapidly changing due to climate fluctuations and globalization. We propose potential strategies for targeting tissue immunity to mitigate future pathogenic and environmental challenges and areas of investigation that can elucidate mechanisms for adapting and restoring homeostasis.
Collapse
|
32
|
DeJong CS, Maurice NJ, McCartney SA, Prlic M. Human Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Maternal-Fetal Interface. Lost Soldiers or Special Forces? Cells 2020; 9:cells9122699. [PMID: 33339211 PMCID: PMC7765601 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a critical role during pregnancy, but the specific mechanisms and immune cell function needed to support pregnancy remain incompletely understood. Despite decades of research efforts, it is still unclear how the immune system maintains tolerance of fetal-derived tissues, which include most cells of the placenta and of course the fetus itself, without forfeiting the ability to protect against harmful infections. T cells recognize antigen in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encoded proteins, but classical MHC class I and II expression are diminished in fetal-derived cells. Can T cells present at the maternal–fetal interface (MFI) protect these cells from infection? Here we review what is known in regard to tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells at the MFI. We mainly focus on how Trm cells can contribute to protection in the context of the unique features of the MFI, such as limited MHC expression as well as the temporary nature of the MFI, that are not found in other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S. DeJong
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (C.S.D.); (N.J.M.)
| | - Nicholas J. Maurice
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (C.S.D.); (N.J.M.)
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Stephen A. McCartney
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Martin Prlic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (C.S.D.); (N.J.M.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|