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Kottke TE, Pronk NP, Woodard C, Arena R. The Potential Influence of Firearm Violence on Physical Inactivity in the United States. Am J Med 2024; 137:426-432. [PMID: 38336085 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite broad recognition of the physical inactivity pandemic, little to no progress has been made in the past decade in mitigating the problem. The current analysis builds upon previous research into the drivers of physical inactivity to assess the potential interactions with firearm violence in the United States. METHODS We merged county-level data on firearm fatality rates, physical inactivity prevalence, the Social Vulnerability Index, and the American nations regional cultures schematic. RESULTS Counties with a physical inactivity prevalence currently above the federal government's 2030 goal (ie, ≥21.8%) had a significantly higher firearm fatality rate per 100,000 population. This finding was consistent for both the overall rate and race-based subgroups. The overall White, Hispanic, and Black firearm fatality rates were also significantly higher in the American nations group comprising Greater Appalachia, Deep South, El Norte, New France, and First Nation. Stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that the Social Vulnerability Index, American nations dichotomous grouping, and firearm fatality rate were all retained (P < .001) in predicting physical inactivity prevalence as a continuous variable. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the United States faces myriad health and societal challenges. Unhealthy lifestyles and gun violence are two of the leaders. The current analysis in conjunction with previous findings demonstrates that solving these challenges by interacting, create complexity to finding solutions that has not been thoroughly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minn; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Ill
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Ill.
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Arena R, Laddu D, Faghy MA. The fitness fortress - all are welcome, but far too few choose to enter and stay. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 83:1-2. [PMID: 38537771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
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3
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Hills AP, Jayasinghe S, Arena R, Byrne NM. Global status of cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity - Are we improving or getting worse? Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 83:16-22. [PMID: 38417767 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite heightened recognition of the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) to cardiovascular (CV) health, along with updated international consensus guidelines for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB), significant proportions of the global adult population are physically inactive, and do not meet the threshold for CRF. Physical inactivity is considered a surrogate for low CRF given that the former is defined as not reaching the recommended minimum level of PA per week to derive a health benefit. Physical inactivity remains a major global public health problem despite decades of work by various United Nations agencies, and members of the international community to improve PA levels. Given the common coupling between physical inactivity and poor health status, it is reasonable to suggest that for a significant proportion of the global population, CRF is compromised by physical inactivity. This poses a longer-term risk to morbidity and mortality. Here we provide an indicative summary of the global status of CRF and PA and reference the implications for global health. We briefly reference opportunities moving forward, including reinforcement of the importance of engaging in movement from an early age, discouraging SB, and taking a life course approach to optimise healthy living for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Sisitha Jayasinghe
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
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4
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Arena R, Pronk NP, Woodard C. Predicting life expectancy in the united states: The importance of healthy living behaviors and residential geography. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0033-0620(24)00021-5. [PMID: 38307361 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, 30 countries currently have a life expectancy of ≥80 years: the United States (U.S.) is not among this group of countries. The current analysis assesses the ability of key lifestyle behaviors and characteristics to predict a life expectancy of ≥80 years. Only 577 (19%) of the 3066 U.S. Counties assessed had a life expectancy ≥80 years. These counties had significantly higher life expectancy (81 ± 3 vs. 76 ± 2 years) and lower percent of the population who are physically inactive (20.7 ± 3.9 vs. 27.0 ± 4.7%), actively smoke (15.9 ± 3.1 vs. 21.1 ± 3.6%), obese (31.7 ± 4.7 vs. 37.3 ± 3.9%) and have limited access to healthy food (7.1 ± 6.8 vs. 8.4 ± 6.6%) (all p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression revealed percent adults who currently smoke, percent obese, percent physically inactive, and percent with limited access to healthy food were all significant univariate predictors of ≥80 years life expectancy (p < 0.001) and retained in the multivariate regression (p < 0.05). A better understanding of the driving forces that increase healthy living behaviors should be a primary goal in the effort to increase U.S. life expectancy: an individualized approach recognizing unique regional cultures may significantly improve adoption and maintenance of desirable health behaviors and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI, USA
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5
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Arena R, Pronk NP, Woodard C. The Influence of Social Vulnerability and Culture on Physical Inactivity in the United States - Identifying Hot Spots in Need of Attention. Am J Med 2024; 137:113-121. [PMID: 38102038 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, ongoing efforts to increase individual- and population-level physical activity have made little to no progress over the past decade in reducing the percentage of individuals who report no leisure-time physical activity. The purpose of the current study is to further assess the relationship between social vulnerability and the prevalence of physical inactivity at the county level. METHODS We merged county-level data on physical inactivity prevalence, the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), and the American Nations regional cultures schematic. RESULTS Physical inactivity significantly correlated (P < .001) with the overall SVI score and all subtheme scores to varying levels of strength. Clear and statistically significant heterogeneity in the SVI scores was apparent across distinct regions using the American Nations model, consistent with previously demonstrated patterns of physical inactivity prevalence. CONCLUSIONS On a national level, physical inactivity prevalence is unacceptably high and has not appreciably improved over the past decade. Within the United States, high levels of social vulnerability and physical inactivity are concentrated within specific geographic regions that need tailored solutions to resolve health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Ill.
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, Ill; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minn; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI
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6
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Arena R, Laddu D, Pronk NP, Woodard C. How has Physical Inactivity Changed in the American Nations From 2010 to 2020: A Decade of Lost Opportunity. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101965. [PMID: 37473937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL.
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI
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7
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Arena R, Hall G, Laddu D. The invisible value of physical activity. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:41-43. [PMID: 37321469 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Grenita Hall
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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8
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Arena R, Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, Bhatt T, Faghy M, Lavie CJ. A tale of one pandemic outliving another: Are even lower physical activity patterns following the COVID-19 pandemic the new norm?-A commentary. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:53-55. [PMID: 36990337 PMCID: PMC10041871 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Grenita Hall
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Deepika R Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Mark Faghy
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Biomedical and Clinical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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9
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Arena R, Laddu D, Pronk NP, Woodard C. The geographic distribution of unhealthy living characteristics according to the American Nations model: Cultural factors warranting attention. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:100-106. [PMID: 37419166 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI, United States of America
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10
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Isath A, Koziol KJ, Martinez MW, Garber CE, Martinez MN, Emery MS, Baggish AL, Naidu SS, Lavie CJ, Arena R, Krittanawong C. Exercise and cardiovascular health: A state-of-the-art review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 79:44-52. [PMID: 37120119 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, and low levels of physical activity (PA) is a leading independent predictor of poor CV health and associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors that predispose to CVD development. In this review, we evaluate the benefits of exercise on CV health. We discuss the CV adaptations to exercise, focusing on the physiological changes in the heart and vasculature. We review the impact and benefits of exercise on specific CV prevention, including type II diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, in addition to CVD-related and all-cause mortality. Lastly, we evaluate the current PA guidelines and various modes of exercise, assessing the current literature for the effective regimens of PA that improve CVD outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameesh Isath
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Klaudia J Koziol
- New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Martinez
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sports Cardiology and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Atlantic Health, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, United States of America
| | - Carol Ewing Garber
- Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Program in Applied Physiology, Teachers College, Columbia University, United States of America
| | - Matthew N Martinez
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael S Emery
- Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Section of Clinical Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Aaron L Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Srihari S Naidu
- Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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11
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Arigo D, Lassiter JM, Baga K, Jackson DA, Lobo AF, Guetterman TC. "You get what you need when you need it": A mixed methods examination of the feasibility and acceptability of a tailored digital tool to promote physical activity among women in midlife. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231210654. [PMID: 37954685 PMCID: PMC10638881 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231210654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During midlife (ages 40-60), women experience myriad changes that elevate their risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including decreased physical activity (PA). Women cite lack of social support for PA and lack of active peers who can serve as role models as key barriers. Digital tools such as web applications can provide exposure to these social inputs; they are also accessible in daily life and require modest time investment. However, as few tools have been designed to meet the unique needs of women in midlife with CVD risk, our research team previously built a web application that is tailored for this population. In the present study, we used a convergent mixed methods design to develop a deep understanding of the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of this web application in a sample of identified end users. Participants (N = 27, MAge = 53 years, MBMI = 32.6 kg/m2) used the web application at the start of each day for 7 days and completed a 1-hour qualitative interview at the end of this test period. Integration of findings from two-level multilevel models (quantitative) and thematic analysis (qualitative) indicated support for the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of the new web application among women in midlife with CVD risk conditions and identified critical opportunities for improving the user experience. Findings also speak to the utility of options for content selection that can meet women's needs in daily life and highlight women's desire for PA resources that prioritize their perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Arigo
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | | | - Kiri Baga
- Department of Psychology, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Daija A Jackson
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andrea F Lobo
- Department of Computer Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
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12
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Kim Y, Canada JM, Kenyon J, Billingsley HE, Arena R, Lavie CJ, Carbone S. Effects of Replacing Sedentary Time With Physical Activity on Mortality Among Patients With Heart Failure: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-Up Study. Mayo Clin Proc 2022; 97:1897-1903. [PMID: 35753825 PMCID: PMC9547940 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle is prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with poor prognosis and survival, possibly owing to the displacement of health-enhancing behaviors, such as physical activity (PA). However, there is limited evidence examining the displacement effects of reducing duration of sedentary time (ST) on clinical outcomes in patients with HF. The current study examined the theoretical effects of relocating ST with PA on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality risks in patients with HF. We analyzed 265 patients with HF who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003 to 2006. Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted to estimate mortality risks based on objectively measured ST well as time spent in light-intensity PA (LPA) and moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA). The theoretical changes in the hazard ratio (HR) by replacing ST with LPA or MVPA were examined using isotemporal substitutional modeling. On average, patients with HF spent 70% of waking hours per day in ST (9.01 hours), followed by LPA (29%; 3.75 hours) and MVPA (1%; 0.13 hours). Ten-minute substitution of ST with LPA was associated with significantly lower all-cause and CVD-specific mortality risks (hazard ratio [HR]=0.93 for both). The mortality risks progressively decreased as more ST was relocated to LPA. The relocation effects of ST with MVPA were not statistically significant, possibly because of limited MVPA accrued in this clinical population. The current study provides empirical evidence about the potential health benefits of replacing a modest amount of ST with LPA among patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngdeok Kim
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Justin M Canada
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Jonathan Kenyon
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Hayley E Billingsley
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Salvatore Carbone
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Sciences, College of Humanities & Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA; VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.
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13
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Examination of an extended sociocultural model of lifestyle physical activity among men and women. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Post pandemic research priorities: A consensus statement from the HL-PIVOT. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 73:2-16. [PMID: 35842068 PMCID: PMC9278010 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have been amid unhealthy living and related chronic disease pandemics for several decades. These longstanding crises have troublingly synergized with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The need to establish research priorities in response to COVID-19 can be used to address broad health and wellbeing, social and economic impacts for the future is emerging. Accordingly, this paper sets out a series of research priorities that could inform interdisciplinary collaboration between clinical sciences, public health, business, technology, economics, healthcare providers, and the exercise science/sports medicine communities, among others. A five-step methodology was used to generate and evaluate the research priorities with a focus on broad health and well-being impacts. The methodology was deployed by an international and interdisciplinary team from the Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL- PIVOT) network. This team were all engaged in responding to the Pandemic either on the 'front-line' and/or in leadership positions ensuring the currency and authenticity of the process. Eight research priorities were identified clustered into two groups: i) Societal & Environmental, and ii) Clinical. Our eight research priorities are presented with insight from previously published research priorities from other groups.
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15
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Walters AJ, Tomasone JR, Latimer-Cheung AE. An Experimental Test of a Generic Messaging Approach for the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:8-16. [PMID: 35109769 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2021.2025175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many Canadian adults are failing to meet national recommendations for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep (i.e., movement behaviors). Existing messaging strategies focus on thresholds, which may be unrealistic to the target audience. This article explores the utility of a novel messaging approach - generic messages - as a gateway to enhance adults' confidence to meet the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults ('Guidelines'). In an online study, adult Guideline end-users (N = 249) completed pre-, post- and two-week surveys following exposure to generic or threshold Guideline promotional materials. Hierarchal linear regressions predicting adults' confidence to meet the Guidelines revealed an activity status by experimental condition interaction. Post hoc analyses indicated low active adults exposed to generic messages had greater confidence to meet the Guidelines compared to low active adults exposed to threshold messages. Message processing was greater among adults exposed to the generic than threshold materials. This research highlights the importance of presenting achievable behavioral goals through generic messages. Specifically, this study demonstrated that generic messaging enhances self-efficacy beliefs among low active Canadian adults. Organizations promoting behavior change among adults with low levels of behavioral engagement should consider the use of generic motivational messages within a segmented health communication campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Walters
- School of Kinesiology & Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - J R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology & Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - A E Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology & Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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16
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Energy matching of a high-intensity exercise protocol with a low-intensity exercise protocol in young people. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity during intermittent fasting, is it safe? A call for action. Biol Sport 2021; 38:729-732. [PMID: 34937984 PMCID: PMC8670795 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) has recently gained popularity, and has been used for centuries in many religious practices. The Ramadan fasting is a mandatory form of IF practiced by millions of healthy adult Muslims globally for a whole lunar month every year. In Islam, the "Sunna" also encourages Muslims to practice IF all along the year (e.g.; two days a week). The 2019-Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the context of Ramadan has raised the question whether fasting is safe practice during the COVID-19 pandemic health crisis, and what would be the healthy lifestyle behaviors while fasting that would minimize the risk of infection. As COVID-19 lacks a specific therapy, IF and physical activity could help promote human immunity and be part of holistic preventive strategy against COVID-19. In this commentary, the authors focus on this dilemma and provide recommendations to the fasting communities for safely practicing physical activity in time of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Arena R, Myers J, Kaminsky LA, Williams M, Sabbahi A, Popovic D, Axtell R, Faghy MA, Hills AP, Olivares Olivares SL, Lopez M, Pronk NP, Laddu D, Babu AS, Josephson R, Whitsel LP, Severin R, Christle JW, Dourado VZ, Niebauer J, Savage P, Austford LD, Lavie CJ. Current Activities Centered on Healthy Living and Recommendations for the Future: A Position Statement from the HL-PIVOT Network. Curr Probl Cardiol 2021; 46:100823. [PMID: 33789171 PMCID: PMC9587486 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We continue to increase our cognizance and recognition of the importance of healthy living (HL) behaviors and HL medicine (HLM) to prevent and treat chronic disease. The continually unfolding events precipitated by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have further highlighted the importance of HL behaviors, as indicated by the characteristics of those who have been hospitalized and died from this viral infection. There has already been recognition that leading a healthy lifestyle, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, may have a substantial protective effect in those who become infected with the virus. Now more than ever, HL behaviors and HLM are essential and must be promoted with a renewed vigor across the globe. In response to the rapidly evolving world since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the clear need to change lifestyle behaviors to promote human resilience and quality of life, the HL for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) network was established. The 4 major areas of focus for the network are: (1) knowledge discovery and dissemination; (2) education; (3) policy; (4) implementation. This HL-PIVOT network position statement provides a current synopsis of the major focus areas of the network, including leading research in the field of HL behaviors and HLM, examples of best practices in education, policy, and implementation, and recommendations for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL.
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; VA Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Leonard A Kaminsky
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Ball State University, Muncie, IN
| | - Mark Williams
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Creighton University, Omaha, NE
| | - Ahmad Sabbahi
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Dejana Popovic
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Clinic for Cardiology, Clinical Center of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert Axtell
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Human Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Hills
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Silvia Lizett Olivares Olivares
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Mildred Lopez
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Abraham Samuel Babu
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Richard Josephson
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH
| | - Laurie P Whitsel
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Rich Severin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Jeffrey W Christle
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Victor Zuniga Dourado
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Josef Niebauer
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Prevention, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick Savage
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; University of Vermont Medical Center, Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, South Burlington, VT
| | - Leslie D Austford
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; TotalCardiology Research Network, and TotalCardiologyTM, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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19
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Myers J, Vainshelboim B, Kamil-Rosenberg S, Chan K, Kokkinos P. Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Population-Attributable Risk. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96:342-349. [PMID: 33549255 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine population-attributable risk (PAR) and exposure impact number (EIN) for mortality associated with impaired cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical inactivity, and other risk markers among veteran subjects. METHODS The sample included 5890 male subjects (mean age 58±15) who underwent a maximal exercise test for clinical reasons between January 1, 1992, and December 31, 2014. All-cause mortality was the end point. Cox multivariable hazard models were performed to determine clinical, demographic, and exercise-test determinants of mortality. Population-attributable risks and EIN for the lowest quartile of CRF and for inactive behavior were analyzed, accounting for competing events. RESULTS There were 2728 deaths during a mean ± standard deviation follow-up period of 9.9±5.8 years. Having low CRF (<5.0 metabolic equivalents [METs]) was associated with an approximate 3-fold higher risk of mortality and a PAR of 12.9%. Each higher MET achieved on the treadmill was associated with a 15% reduction in mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 0.88; P<.001). Nearly half the sample was inactive, and these subjects had a 23% higher mortality risk and a PAR of 8.8%. The least fit quartile (<5.0 METs) had relative risks of ≈6.0 compared with the most-fit group (HR=5.99; 95% CI, 4.9 to 7.3). The least-active tertile had ≈2-fold higher risks of mortality vs the most active subjects (HR=1.9; 95% CI, 0.91 to 4.1). The lowest EIN was observed for low fitness (3.8; 95% CI, 3.4 to 4.3, P<.001), followed by diabetes, smoking, hypertension, and physical inactivity (all P<.001 except for diabetes, P=.008). CONCLUSION Both higher CRF and physical activity provide protection against all-cause mortality in subjects referred for exercise testing for clinical reasons. Encouraging physical activity with the aim of increasing CRF would have a significant impact on reducing mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Myers
- Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA; Cardiology Division, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
| | | | | | - Khin Chan
- Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, CA
| | - Peter Kokkinos
- Department of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC; Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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PAGAN LASSALLE P, MEYER ML, CONNERS R, ZIEFF G, ROJAS J, FAGHY MA, ARENA R, VERMEESCH A, JOSEPH RP, STONER L. Targeting Sedentary Behavior in Minority Populations as a Feasible Health Strategy During and Beyond COVID-19: On Behalf of ACSM-EIM and HL-PIVOT. TRANSLATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 6:e000174. [PMID: 34746382 PMCID: PMC8570184 DOI: 10.1249/tjx.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Increased sedentary behavior has been an unintended consequence of social and physical distancing restrictions needed to limit transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. Sedentary behavior is defined as any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs), while in a sitting, reclining, or lying posture. These restrictions negatively impact peoples' cardiometabolic and mental health and disproportionately affect certain sectors of the population, including racial/ethnic minorities. In part, the higher risk for complications of COVID-19 could be the result of increased prevalence of comorbid diseases. Further, regular participation and adherence to current physical activity guidelines, defined as at least 150 minutes per week of moderate intensity physical activity or muscle strengthening activities on 2 or more days a week, is challenging for many and may be especially difficult to achieve during the COVID-19 pandemic. A practical strategy to promote health and well-being during COVID-19 is reducing sedentary behavior. Reducing sedentary behaviors (e.g., breaking up periods of prolonged sitting with light-intensity physical activity) may be more easily achieved than physical activity for all individuals, including individuals of racial/ethnic decent, as it does not require purchasing equipment nor require compromising the physical restrictions necessary to slow the spread of COVID-19. The purpose of this commentary is to argue that sedentary behavior is a feasible, independent target to modify during COVID-19, particularly in minority populations, and to address this behavior we need to consider individual, environmental and policy-level factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia PAGAN LASSALLE
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michelle L. MEYER
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan CONNERS
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama in
Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Gabriel ZIEFF
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacklyn ROJAS
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mark A. FAGHY
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby,
UK
| | - Ross ARENA
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health
Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amber VERMEESCH
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Portland, School of Nursing, Portland, OR,
USA
| | - Rodney P. JOSEPH
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson
College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix AZ,
USA
| | - Lee STONER
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT)
Network, Chicago, IL, USA
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21
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Ozemek C, Arena R. Evidence supporting moving more and sitting less. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:3-8. [PMID: 33373619 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High levels of sedentary time and physical inactivity independently contribute to the development of noncommunicable diseases and premature mortality. Engaging in at least 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous physical activity (PA) is globally recognized as conferring substantial health benefits. However, setting these distinct thresholds and promoting them may have inadvertently created perceptions among the general public that an all or nothing phenomenon exists. Yet, the PA guidelines and a growing body of evidence highlights the robust health benefits associated with becoming more active from a previously sedentary lifestyle, even if the volume of PA performed is below current ideal recommendations. Practitioners providing PA recommendations are encouraged to initially highlight the benefits of moving more and sitting less rather than initially setting lofty, perhaps unachievable, PA goals for inactive individuals. Taking this approach may increase the likelihood of adopting a more physically active lifestyle and ultimately progressing to meet the PA guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
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22
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Nauman J, Arena R, Zisko N, Sui X, Lavie CJ, Laukkanen JA, Blair SN, Dunn P, Nes BM, Tari AR, Stensvold D, Whitsel LP, Wisløff U. Temporal changes in personal activity intelligence and mortality: Data from the aerobics center longitudinal study. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:127-134. [PMID: 33370551 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a metric developed to simplify a physically active lifestyle for the participants. Regardless of following today's advice for physical activity, a PAI score ≥100 per week at baseline, an increase in PAI score, and a sustained high PAI score over time were found to delay premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in a large population of Norwegians. However, the association between long-term temporal change in PAI and mortality in other populations have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To test whether temporal change in PAI is associated with CVD and all-cause mortality in a large population from the United States. METHODS We studied 17,613 relatively healthy participants who received at least two medical examinations in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study between 1974 and 2002. The participant's weekly PAI scores were estimated twice, and adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for CVD and all-cause mortality related to changes in PAI between baseline and last examination were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. RESULTS During a median follow-up time of 9.3 years [interquartile range, 2.6-16.6; 181,765 person-years], there were 1144 deaths, including 400 CVD deaths. We observed an inverse linear association between change in PAI and risk of CVD mortality (P=0.007 for linear trend, and P=0.35 for quadratic trend). Compared to participants with zero PAI at both examinations, multivariable-adjusted analyses demonstrated that participants who maintained high PAI scores (≥100 PAI at both examinations) had a 51% reduced risk of CVD mortality [AHR, 0.49: 95% CI, 0.26-0.95)], and 42% reduced risk of all-cause mortality [AHR, 0.58: 95% CI, 0.41-0.83)]. For participants who increased their PAI scores over time (PAI score of zero at first examination and ≥100 at last examination), the AHRs were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.55-1.02) for CVD mortality, and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.69-0.99) for all-cause mortality. Participants who maintained high PAI score had 4.8 (95% CI, 3.3-6.4) years of life gained. For those who increased their PAI score over time, the corresponding years gained were 1.8 years (95% CI, 0.1-3.5). CONCLUSION Among relatively healthy participants, an increase in PAI and maintaining a high PAI score over time was associated with reduced risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. CONDENSED ABSTRACT Our objective was to investigate the association between temporal changes in PAI and mortality in a large population from the United States. In this prospective cohort study of 17,613 relatively healthy participants at baseline, maintaining a high PAI score and an increase in PAI score over an average period of 6.3 years was associated with a significant reduction in CVD and all-cause mortality. Based on our results, clinicians can easily recommend that patients obtain at least 100 PAI for most favourable protection against CVD- and all-cause mortality, but can also mention that significant benefits also occur at maintaining low-to-moderate PAI levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Nauman
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ross Arena
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nina Zisko
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Medicine, Central Finland, Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Patrick Dunn
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; American Heart Association, Washington, DC, TX, USA; Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Bjarne M Nes
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atefe R Tari
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Dorthe Stensvold
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laurie P Whitsel
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; American Heart Association, Washington, DC, TX, USA
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
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Barbosa Granados SH, Aguirre Loaiza H. Actividad física y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en una comunidad académica. PENSAMIENTO PSICOLÓGICO 2020. [DOI: 10.11144/javerianacali.ppsi18-2.afcv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo. Explorar las diferencias entre los niveles de actividad física (AF) ‒ligero, moderado y vigoroso‒, en función a la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CvRS). Método. 269 participantes (M = 25.3, DE = 1.5) entre estudiantes, docentes y administrativos de una comunidad académica de Pereira, Colombia. La AF se evaluó con el International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) y la CvRS con el Cuestionario de Salud SF-36. Resultados. Quienes reportaron tener un nivel de AF moderado mostraron significativamente mejor vitalidad, salud mental y salud en general (p < 0.05). Mientras que aquellos con nivel de AF vigoroso promediaron más alto en salud general. Los niveles de AF moderado y vigoroso, en comparación con el ligero, presentaron mayor puntaje en la salud general y mental (p < 0.05). Conclusión. Este estudio aportó evidencia a favor de la hipótesis del vínculo entre AF y CvRS; además, reveló que aquellos con niveles de AF moderado y vigoroso presentan mejor CvRS en dimensiones de función social, vitalidad y salud general y mental. Futuros estudios deberían enfocarse en diferenciar los niveles de AF que mejor favorecen la CvRS, principalmente, en población escolar.
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Mailey EL, Gasper R, Dlugonski D, Besenyi GM. Promoting Strength Training Among Baby Boomers: Message Framing Effects on Motivation and Behavior. Int J Behav Med 2020; 28:499-510. [PMID: 33200382 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular participation in strength training significantly enhances older adults' physical and functional health, yet only 14% of adults over age 50 report engaging in strength training at least twice per week. Exercise messages about why and how older adults should engage in strength training could influence their perceptions of and participation in the behavior. This study was designed to promote strength training among adults aged 50-70 and to determine whether the message frame accompanying a brief workout would have an impact on participants' motivation, self-efficacy, and/or physical activity behavior. METHODS Participants (N = 308) were randomly assigned to one of four message conditions: Easy Intrinsic, Hard Intrinsic, Easy Extrinsic, or Hard Extrinsic. Immediately after completing baseline measures of motivation and physical activity, participants received the recommended strength training workout and corresponding motivational message. They completed follow-up measures of motivation and physical activity 2 weeks later. RESULTS Controlled regulation was higher at follow-up among participants exposed to an extrinsic message relative to an intrinsic message (F(3,208) = 3.08, p = .03). Strength training (Z = - 5.95, p < .001) and moderate physical activity (Z = - 3.23, p = .001) increased among participants not engaging in regular strength training at baseline. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest message framing may have a short-term impact on Baby Boomers' physical activity motivation, such that emphasizing extrinsic goals (i.e., weight loss and appearance) may contribute to controlled motivation. However, repeated measurements are needed to determine the longer-term maintenance and influence of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Mailey
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, KS, Manhattan, USA.
| | - Rebecca Gasper
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, KS, Manhattan, USA
| | - Deirdre Dlugonski
- Department of Athletic Training and Clinical Nutrition, University of Kentucky, KY, Lexington, USA
| | - Gina M Besenyi
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, KS, Manhattan, USA
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25
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Mehta A, Kondamudi N, Laukkanen JA, Wisloff U, Franklin BA, Arena R, Lavie CJ, Pandey A. Running away from cardiovascular disease at the right speed: The impact of aerobic physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on cardiovascular disease risk and associated subclinical phenotypes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:762-774. [PMID: 33189764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Higher levels of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with lower risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship of aerobic PA and CRF with risk of atherosclerotic CVD outcomes and heart failure (HF) seem to be distinct. Furthermore, recent studies have raised concerns of potential toxicity associated with extreme levels of aerobic exercise, with higher levels of coronary artery calcium and incident atrial fibrillation noted among individuals with very high PA levels. In contrast, the relationship between PA levels and measures of left ventricular structure and function and risk of HF is more linear. Thus, personalizing exercise levels to optimal doses may be key to achieving beneficial outcomes and preventing adverse CVD events among high risk individuals. In this report, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the associations of aerobic PA and CRF levels with risk of adverse CVD outcomes and the preceding subclinical cardiac phenotypes to better characterize the optimal exercise dose needed to favorably modify CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mehta
- Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nitin Kondamudi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Ulrik Wisloff
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Barry A Franklin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School - The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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26
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Jayasinghe S, Byrne NM, Patterson KAE, Ahuja KDK, Hills AP. The current global state of movement and physical activity - the health and economic costs of the inactive phenotype. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:9-16. [PMID: 33130190 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the major contributing factors to the global pandemic of non-communicable diseases. Unfortunately, low levels of habitual movement and physical activity (PA) are seen in an increasing proportion of populations across low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries alike. This new normal - the inactive phenotype - is a significant contributor to multiple health and economic costs. Here we provide a brief historical overview of societal declines in PA, roughly consistent with major transitions in PA and nutrition in recent decades. This is followed by a synthesis of research evidence linking inactivity with poor health outcomes and prevention approaches needed to impact a perpetuation of poor lifestyle behaviors. A major focus of the paper is on the economic/health costs and the reduction of the inactive phenotype. In summary, we demonstrate that the consequences of insufficient PA are manifold, and if sustained, impact short and long-term health and quality of life, along with substantial economic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisitha Jayasinghe
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Kira A E Patterson
- Faculty of Education, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Kiran D K Ahuja
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia.
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Arena R. Moving more and sitting less - Now more than ever, an important message for the prevention and treatment of chronic disease and pandemics. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020:S0033-0620(20)30175-4. [PMID: 33098845 PMCID: PMC7577219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Arena R, Lavie CJ. Moving more and sitting less - Now more than ever-an important message for the prevention and treatment of chronic disease and pandemics. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:1-2. [PMID: 33065144 PMCID: PMC7554455 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Faught E, Walters AJ, Latimer-Cheung AE, Faulkner G, Jones R, Duggan M, Chulak-Bozzer T, Lane KN, Brouwers MC, Tomasone JR. Optimal messaging of the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years and older. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:S125-S150. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years and Adults aged 65 years and older (“Guidelines”) integrate recommendations for physical activity, sedentary, and sleep behaviours. Given the novelty of these integrated Guidelines, it was important to consider messaging strategies that would be most effective in reaching Canadian adults. The purpose of this study was to examine optimal messaging of the Guidelines as it pertains to communication channels and messages. Representative samples of Guideline end-users (N = 1017) and stakeholders (N = 877) each completed a cross-sectional survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated along with tests of statistical significance. Inductive content analysis was used to code stakeholders’ comments (i.e., suggestions, concerns) on a draft version of the Guidelines. Most end-users had recently referred to online medical resources; family, friends, and co-workers; and physicians as communication channels for information regarding the movement behaviours. End-users and stakeholders felt that generic messages would foster self-efficacy to meet the Guidelines. Stakeholders highlighted a variety of considerations to ensure the Guidelines are inclusive towards diverse groups within the Canadian population. Findings will inform Guideline messaging. Novelty Most end-users referred to online medical resources; family, friends, and co-workers; and physicians as communication channels. End-users and stakeholders indicated that generic messages would foster self-efficacy to meet the Guidelines. Stakeholders expressed concerns about the inclusivity of the Guidelines for diverse socioeconomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Faught
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Alexandra J. Walters
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Amy E. Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Mary Duggan
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 1B4, Canada
| | | | - Kirstin N. Lane
- Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, Ottawa, ON K2A 1B4, Canada
- School of Exercise Science, Physical Health & Education, Faculty of Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Melissa C. Brouwers
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Jennifer R. Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Silva KS, da Silva JA, Barbosa Filho VC, dos Santos PC, da Silveira PM, Lopes MV, Salmon J. Protocol paper for the Movimente school-based program: A cluster-randomized controlled trial targeting physical activity and sedentary behavior among Brazilian adolescents. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21233. [PMID: 32756101 PMCID: PMC7402733 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A better understanding of how multicomponent school-based interventions work and their effects on health and education outcomes are needed. This paper described the methods of the Movimente Program, a school-based intervention that aims to increase physical activity (PA) and decrease sedentary behavior (SB) among Brazilian students. METHODS This is a cluster randomized controlled trial with adolescents from 7th to 9th grade in public schools from Florianopolis, Southern Brazil. After agreement, 6 schools were randomly selected to intervention or control groups (3 schools each), and all eligible students were invited to the study. The Movimente intervention program was performed during a school year and included 3 main components: Teacher training (including face-to-face meeting, social media platform, and handbook with lesson plans); improvements in the PA environment in school; and educational strategies. Control schools continued with their traditional schedule. Baseline (March/April 2017), postintervention (November/December 2017), and maintenance (June/July 2018) evaluations included PA and SB as primary outcomes (assessed by self-report and accelerometry). Secondary outcomes included psychosocial factors related to PA and SB (e.g., social support and self-efficacy), as well as health (e.g., quality of life and nutritional status) and education (e.g., academic achievement) outcomes. A program evaluation was performed based on the RE-AIM framework. Participants, intervention staffs, and evaluators were not blinded to group assignment, but a standardized evaluation protocol was applied independently of the trial allocation. RESULTS Statistical analyses will include a multilevel approach for repeated measurements and mediation analysis. Any side effects of the intervention will be recorded. The sample size close to that expected (n = 1090) was reached (n = 999). The results of this trial will involve valuable information about the effect and the evaluation of a multicomponent intervention carried out in a middle-income country. CONCLUSION By creating opportunities for adolescents to be active at school using multicomponent strategies, the Movimente program has the potential to enhance students health and academic performance which may encourage the school community (e.g., teachers, principals) to adopt the program. Also, this trial will provide evidence for practitioners, policy makers, and researchers on how multicomponent program may be implemented in a school setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered at the Clinical Trial Registry (Trial ID: NCT02944318; date of registration: 18 October 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Samara Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Sport Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis
| | - Jaqueline Aragoni da Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Sport Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis
| | | | - Priscila Cristina dos Santos
- Department of Physical Education, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Sport Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis
| | - Pablo Magno da Silveira
- Department of Physical Education, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Sport Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis
| | - Marcus V.V. Lopes
- Department of Physical Education, Research Centre in Physical Activity and Health, Sport Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
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Nauman J, Sui X, Lavie CJ, Wen CP, Laukkanen JA, Blair SN, Dunn P, Arena R, Wisløff U. Personal activity intelligence and mortality - Data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:121-126. [PMID: 32560967 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Personal activity intelligence (PAI) is a novel activity metric that can be integrated into self-assessment heart rate devices, and translates heart rate variations during exercise into a weekly score. Previous studies relating to PAI have been conducted in the same populations from Norway where the PAI metric has been derived, limiting generalizability of the results. OBJECTIVE To test whether PAI is associated with total and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort from the United States. DESIGN Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS) - a prospective cohort between January 1974 and December 2002 with a mean follow-up of 14.5 years. SETTING Population-based. PARTICIPANTS 56,175 relatively healthy participants (26.5% women) who underwent extensive preventive medical examinations at Cooper Clinic (Dallas, TX). EXPOSURE Personal activity intelligence (PAI) score per week was estimated and divided into 4 groups (PAI scores of 0, ≤50, 51-99, and ≥100). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Total and cause-specific mortality. RESULTS During a median follow-up time of 14.9 (interquartile range, 6.7-21.4) years, there were 3434 total deaths including 1258 cardiovascular (CVD) deaths. Compared with the inactive (0 PAI) group, participants with a baseline weekly ≥100 PAI had lower risk of mortality: adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 0.79: 95% CI, 0.71-0.87 for all-cause mortality, and AHR, 0.72: 95% CI, 0.60-0.87 for CVD mortality among men; AHR, 0.85: 95% CI, 0.64-1.12 for all-cause mortality, and AHR, 0.48: 95% CI, 0.26-0.91 for CVD mortality among women. For deaths from ischemic heart disease (IHD), PAI score ≥100 was associated with lower risk in both men and women (AHR, 0.70: 95% CI, 0.55-0.88). Obtaining ≥100 weekly PAI was also associated with significantly lower risk of CVD mortality in pre-specified age groups, and in participants with known CVD risk factors. Participants with ≥100 weekly PAI gained 4.2 (95% CI, 3.5-4.6) years of life when compared with those who were inactive at baseline. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE PAI is associated with long-term all-cause, CVD, and IHD, mortality. Clinicians and the general population can incorporate PAI recommendations and thresholds in their physical activity prescriptions and weekly physical activity assessments, respectively, to maximize health outcomes. KEY POINTS Question: What is the association between personal activity intelligence (PAI), a novel activity metric, and mortality in a large cohort from the United States? FINDINGS In this prospective study of 56,175 healthy participants at baseline, followed-up for a mean of 14.5 years, ≥100 PAI score/week was associated with significant 21% lower risk of all-cause and 30% lower risk of CVD mortality in comparison with inactive people. Participants with ≥100 PAI/week lived on average 4.2 years longer compared with inactive. Meaning: PAI is associated with long-term all-cause and CVD mortality. Clinicians and general population may incorporate PAI recommendations into weekly physical activity assessments to maximize CVD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Nauman
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Xuemei Sui
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chi Pang Wen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jari A Laukkanen
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; Department of Medicine, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Patrick Dunn
- American Heart Association, Dallas, TX, USA; Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
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Lavie CJ, Ozemek C, Arena R. Bringing Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Training to a Higher Level in Heart Failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 73:1444-1446. [PMID: 30922475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Total Cardiology Research Network, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Geidl W, Carl J, Cassar S, Lehbert N, Mino E, Wittmann M, Wagner R, Schultz K, Pfeifer K. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Patterns in 326 Persons with COPD before Starting a Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Cluster Analysis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1346. [PMID: 31470678 PMCID: PMC6780222 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study applies a cluster analysis to identify typical physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) before starting pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). We implemented an observational design which assessed baseline data of objectively measured PA and SB from the STAR (Stay Active after Rehabilitation) study. A total of 355 persons wore an accelerometer (Actigraph wGT3X) for seven days before the start of their PR. Sociodemographic and disease-related parameters were assessed at the start of PR. We applied cluster analysis and compared clusters applying univariate variance analyses. Data was available for 326 persons (31.6% women; age ø = 58 years). Cluster analysis revealed four movement clusters with distinct PA and SB patterns: Sedentary non-movers (28.5%), sedentary occasional movers (41.7%), sedentary movers (19.6%), and sedentary exercisers (10.1%). The four clusters displayed varying levels of moderate PA before rehabilitation (Ø daily min: 9; 28; 38; 70). Notably, all four clusters displayed considerably long average sedentary time per day (Ø daily minutes: 644; 561; 490; 446). The clusters differed significantly in disease-related parameters of GOLD severity, FEV1, CAT, and 6-Min-Walk-Test. In addition to PA promotion, PR programs should consider the reduction of sedentary behaviour as a valuable goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Geidl
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Johannes Carl
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Samuel Cassar
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicola Lehbert
- Clinic Bad Reichenhall, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
| | - Eriselda Mino
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Wittmann
- Clinic Bad Reichenhall, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
| | - Rupert Wagner
- Clinic Bad Reichenhall, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
| | - Konrad Schultz
- Clinic Bad Reichenhall, Centre for Rehabilitation, Pulmonology and Orthopedics, 83435 Bad Reichenhall, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfeifer
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Division Exercise and Health, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Food consumption and its association with leisure-time physical activity and active commuting in Brazilian workers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2019; 74:314-321. [PMID: 31253877 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-019-0454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES An in-depth understanding of the relationship between food consumption and physical activity is relevant since these behaviours could influence each other, while both have an effect on obesity and chronic diseases. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various combinations of food consumption (fruits, vegetables, sweets and snacks) on the associations with PA domains (leisure and commute) among Brazilian industrial workers. SUBJECTS/METHODS This is part of a cross-sectional national survey developed in Brazil using data from the "Lifestyle and Leisure Habits of Industrial Workers" project. A total of 52,774 workers (response rate: 90.6%) responded to a validated questionnaire about the frequency of their consumption of fruit, vegetables, sweets and snacks, their practice of LTPA and active commuting. The answers were analysed by multilevel regression, controlled by sociodemographic behaviour and the presence of hypertension, diabetes and overweight. RESULTS Workers with a simultaneously adequate consumption of fruit, vegetables, sweets and snacks were 2.29 (1.74; 2.99 p-value < 0.001) more likely to perform LTPA. In the full model, there was no association among any of the combinations of food consumption and active commuting. CONCLUSION A better food consumption behaviour was reported among workers who practiced leisure physical activity when compared to those who did not.
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Kaminsky LA, Arena R, Ellingsen Ø, Harber MP, Myers J, Ozemek C, Ross R. Cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease - The past, present, and future. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 62:86-93. [PMID: 30639135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The importance of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is now well established and it is increasingly being recognized as an essential variable which should be assessed in health screenings. The key findings that have established the clinical significance of CRF are reviewed in this report, along with an overview of the current relevance of exercise as a form of medicine that can provide a number of positive health outcomes, including increasing CRF. Current assessment options for assessing CRF are also reviewed, including the direct measurement via cardiopulmonary exercise testing which now can be interpreted with age and sex-specific reference values. Future directions for the use of CRF and related measures are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard A Kaminsky
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States.
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Øyvind Ellingsen
- Norwegian University Science and Technology and St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Matthew P Harber
- Clinical Exercise Physiology Program, College of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States
| | - Jonathan Myers
- Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States; School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Queens University, Ontario, Canada
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Hills AP, Farpour-Lambert NJ, Byrne NM. Precision medicine and healthy living: The importance of the built environment. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 62:34-38. [PMID: 30639136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The built environment encompasses the major physical spaces, including buildings, streets, homes, schools, parks, playgrounds and other infrastructure in which we live, work and play. In an ideal world, the built environment should support and facilitate a healthy engagement in physical activity across the lifespan. However, in the context of an environment characterized by increased mechanization and urbanization, physical inactivity and higher levels of overweight and obesity, too many settings are not conducive to physical activity and/or are not safe and walkable. In the knowledge that there are multiple challenges to redress the low levels of physical activity seen in many parts of the world, this paper provides some examples of opportunities for healthy living (HL) in a built environment characteristic of an increasingly urbanized world. Particular foci include opportunities for HL fostered in child-friendly cities, in which walkability is high, and active transport is encouraged and supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia.
| | - Nathalie J Farpour-Lambert
- Obesity Prevention and Care Program "Contrepoids," Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Pediatric Sports Medicine Consultation, Service of General Pediatrics, Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nuala M Byrne
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia
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Merging precision and healthy living medicine: Individualizing the path to a healthier lifestyle. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 62:1-2. [PMID: 30586563 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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38
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Addressing the Nutritional Phenotype Through Personalized Nutrition for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 62:9-14. [PMID: 30553801 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The primary focus of public health recommendations related to the prevention of food-related chronic disease has been on the adoption of healthy dietary patterns; however, implementation has been challenging. There has been increasing recognition that an individual's diet and environment may impact disease susceptibility by affecting the expression of genes involved in critical metabolic pathways. Precision nutrition (PN) has emerged to translate discoveries about diversity in nutrient metabolism between subgroups and the inter-individual variability in the responses to dietary interventions. The overarching goals of PN are to deliver individualized, actionable dietary therapy based on an individual's nutritional phenotype, created from the integration of genetics, metabolic profile, and environmental factors in order to prevent and treat chronic disease. This review addresses the developments of genome- and omic-driven PN and how they have been used to prevent and treat disease, as well as how they might be integrated into broader clinical practice.
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Ozemek C, Arena R. Precision in Promoting Physical Activity and Exercise With the Overarching Goal of Moving More. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 62:3-8. [PMID: 30529578 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is strongly associated with an unfavorable health profile, increasing an individual's risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Initiating a regular exercise routine contributes to improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, resting blood pressure, blood glucose, and circulating lipoproteins. However, the extent to which positive changes occur come with significant inter-individual variability within intervention groups; non-responders and responders have been commonly identified across populations, highlighting that not all exercise regimens are universally effective in all individuals and should therefore not be treated as a "one-size fits all" prescription. Recent studies have therefore emphasized reporting the quantity of participants favorably and meaningfully "responding" to varying amounts and intensities of exercise, thereby presenting the opportunity to view exercise prescription in the context of precision medicine. This review will address the impact of varying amounts and intensities of physical activity and exercise, highlighting their impact on key health metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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40
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Arena R, Ozemek C. Getting patients with cardiovascular disease to move more: cardiac rehabilitation and beyond. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2018; 17:79-81. [PMID: 30509114 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2019.1556097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- a Department of Physical Therapy , College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Cemal Ozemek
- a Department of Physical Therapy , College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
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Arena R, Ozemek C, Laddu D, Campbell T, Rouleau CR, Standley R, Bond S, Abril EP, Hills AP, Lavie CJ. Applying Precision Medicine to Healthy Living for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2018; 43:448-483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Fletcher GF, Landolfo C, Niebauer J, Ozemek C, Arena R, Lavie CJ. Reprint of: Promoting Physical Activity and Exercise. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:3053-3070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ozemek C, Laddu DR, Lavie CJ, Claeys H, Kaminsky LA, Ross R, Wisloff U, Arena R, Blair SN. An Update on the Role of Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Structured Exercise and Lifestyle Physical Activity in Preventing Cardiovascular Disease and Health Risk. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 61:484-490. [PMID: 30445160 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cardiovascular disease (CVD) pandemic has placed considerable strain on healthcare systems, quality of life, and physical function, while remaining the leading cause of death globally. Decades of scientific investigations have fortified the protective effects of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), exercise training, and physical activity (PA) against the development of CVD. This review will summarize recent efforts that have made significant strides in; 1) the application of novel analytic techniques to increase the predictive utility of CRF; 2) understanding the protective effects of long-term compliance to PA recommendations through large cohort studies with multiple points of assessment; 3) and understanding the potential harms associated with extreme volumes of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Ozemek
- Department of Physical Therapy and the Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Deepika R Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy and the Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hannah Claeys
- Department of Physical Therapy and the Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leonard A Kaminsky
- Fisher Institute of Health and Well-Being, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Robert Ross
- Schoold of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrik Wisloff
- K. G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine at the Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; School of Human Movement & Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy and the Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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Fletcher GF, Landolfo C, Niebauer J, Ozemek C, Arena R, Lavie CJ. Promoting Physical Activity and Exercise. J Am Coll Cardiol 2018; 72:1622-1639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hills AP. Exercise: an integral and non-negotiable component of a healthy lifestyle. Eur J Clin Nutr 2018; 72:1320-1322. [DOI: 10.1038/s41430-018-0254-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ramaswamy B, Jones J, Carroll C. Exercise for people with Parkinson's: a practical approach. Pract Neurol 2018; 18:399-406. [PMID: 29858216 DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2018-001930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is key to a healthy and productive life. For people with Parkinson's, exercise has reported benefits for controlling motor and non-motor symptoms alongside the use of pharmacological intervention. For example, exercise prolongs independent mobility and improves sleep, mood, memory and quality of life, all further enhanced through socialisation and multidisciplinary team support. Recent research suggests that optimally prescribed exercise programmes following diagnosis may alter neurophysiological processes, possibly slowing symptom progression.Given its benefits, professionals should encourage and motivate people with Parkinson's to exercise regularly from the time of diagnosis and provide guidance on what exercise to do. We provide examples of how the growing body of evidence on exercise for people with Parkinson's is revolutionising the services they are provided. We also highlight new resources available to help the wider support network (people such as volunteers, partners and friends of people with Parkinson's) with an interest in exercise promote a consistent message on the benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Ramaswamy
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julie Jones
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Camille Carroll
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Stone JA, Arena R, Aggarwal S. Failing at Heart Failure Therapies: Are Health Behaviours to Blame? Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:1462-1464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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