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Arena R, Pronk NP, Kottke TE, Woodard C. The lifestyle health index in the context of COVID-19 mortality and vaccination in the United States: A syndemic not to be repeated. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102728. [PMID: 38944225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Public health, personal/community health behaviors, health care delivery, and the scientific community have all been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and are consequently poised to consider substantial paradigm shifts that will enhance disease prevention and public health resilience. The current analysis compares the newly developed Lifestyle Health Index (LHI) to U.S. county-level COVID-19 vaccination, infection, and mortality rates. We linked Centers of Disease Control PLACES, the U.S. Community Profile Report, and Nationhood lab databases through common zip-code identifiers to determine the association between county-level LHI scores and COVID-19 outcomes and vaccination status against the backdrop of U.S. regions with distinct cultural phenotypes. There was a statistically significant relationship between a poor LHI, lower COVID-19 vaccination rates and higher COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. There were clear differences in outcomes across the U.S. regions, suggesting distinct regional cultural characteristics may significantly influence health behaviors and outcomes. In the U.S., a syndemic comprising unhealthy lifestyle, chronic disease, and COVID-19 resulted in unnecessary hospitalizations and deaths. Politicization of the pandemic, socioeconomic inequity and regional cultural values meaningfully contributed to the uneven distribution of poor outcomes during this syndemic. Components of the syndemic were avoidable and should not be repeated. Condensed Abstract: The unhealthy lifestyle - chronic disease - COVID-19 U.S. syndemic resulted in unnecessary hospitalizations and deaths. Politicization of the pandemic, socioeconomic inequity and regional cultural values meaningfully contributed to the uneven distribution of poor outcomes during this syndemic. Components of the syndemic were avoidable and should not be repeated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Colin Woodard
- Nationhood Lab, Pell Center for International Relations and Public Policy, Salve Regina University, Newport, RI, USA
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2
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Sánchez-Milá Z, Abuín-Porras V, Romero-Morales C, Almazán-Polo J, Velázquez Saornil J. Effectiveness of a respiratory rehabilitation program including an inspiration training device versus traditional respiratory rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16360. [PMID: 38111659 PMCID: PMC10726745 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the context of COVID-19, respiratory training is vital for the care and recuperation of individuals. Both exercise-based and instrumental respiratory training have been employed as interventions to enhance respiratory function, providing relief from symptoms in those impacted by the virus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two different respiratory rehabilitation programs. Methods A total of 200 participants affected with COVID-19 respiratory sequels were recruited, with a block randomization regarding sex to ensure equal and appropriate applicability of the results. An experimental controlled and randomized study was conducted, with participants engaging in a 31 days respiratory rehabilitation program, (a) experimental group, inspiratory training device combined with aerobic exercise and (b) traditional respiratory exercises combined with aerobic exercise. Results Both groups improved in cardiorespiratory parameters, with a decrease in systolic and diastolic pressure, dyspnea and lower limbs fatigue, and increased oxygen saturation, 6 min walking distance, diaphragmatic thickness, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume during the first second, peak expiratory flow rate, forced inspiratory vital capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure. Comparison between groups showed statistically significant differences in all variables except for oxygen saturation, 6 min walking distance and diaphragmatic thickness. The results of this study support the use of specific inspiration training devices for respiratory rehabilitation in COVID-19 sequels.
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Hughey L, Flynn TW, Dunaway J, Moore J, Sabbahi A, Fritsch A, Koszalinski A, Reynolds B. Mindfulness, exercise, diet, and sleep - A necessary and urgently needed skill set of the musculoskeletal practitioner. Musculoskeletal Care 2023; 21:198-201. [PMID: 35989616 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeff Moore
- South College, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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4
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Arena R, Pronk NP, Laddu D, Faghy MA, Bond S, Lavie CJ. COVID-19, Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and chronic disease in the United States: Mapping the social injustice overlay. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:112-117. [PMID: 36925212 PMCID: PMC10012225 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Nicolaas P Pronk
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Deepika Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Samantha Bond
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Biomedical Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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5
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Ashton RE, Philips BE, Faghy M. The acute and chronic implications of the COVID-19 virus on the cardiovascular system in adults: A systematic review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 76:31-37. [PMID: 36690284 PMCID: PMC9854143 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) primarily being identified as a respiratory illness, some patients who seemingly recovered from initial infection, developed chronic multi-system complications such as cardiovascular (CV), pulmonary and neurological issues leading to multiple organ injuries. However, to date, there is a dearth of understanding of the acute and chronic implications of a COVID-19 infection on the CV system in adults. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and prospectively registered via Prospero (ID: CRD42022360444). The MEDLINE Ovid, Cochrane Library and PubMed databases were searched from inception to August 2022. The search strategy keywords and MeSH terms used included: 1) COVID; 2) coronavirus; 3) long COVID; 4) cardiovascular; and 5) cardiovascular disease. Reference lists of all relevant systematic reviews identified were searched for additional studies. A total of 11,332 records were retrieved from database searches, of which 310 records were duplicates. A further 9887 were eliminated following screening of titles and abstracts. After full-text screening of 1135 articles, 9 manuscripts were included for review. The evidence of CV implications post-COVID-19 infection is clear, and this must be addressed with appropriate management strategies that recognise the acute and chronic nature of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients. Efficacious management strategies will be needed to address long standing issues and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Ashton
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Bethan E Philips
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Mark Faghy
- Biomedical Research Theme, School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, UK; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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6
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Mendez A, Garcia AR, Lopez M, Diaz-Lopez MM, Dibai DB. Healthy living behaviors in youth: a comparative study in Brazil, Colombia and Mexico. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2022; 27:3031-3042. [PMID: 35894316 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232022278.04052021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The physical, mental and social well being, refers to a new concept of health, far from a conceptualisations of absence of disease Additional challenges emerge as individuals face deep social inequities depending on their ethnicity, rural residence or low educational level, as these translate to poor access to health services and more difficulties to adhere to healthy living behaviors. The objective of this study was to assess the perception that adolescents and young adults in Latinamerica have of the importance of healthy living behaviors (HLB) in the physical, emotional and lifestyle spheres. The approach is considered quantitative and descriptive with a cross sectional design. The sampling consisted of 192 young adults in Brazil, Colombia and Mexico. The results show that participants prioritize higher emotional wellbeing. They state that the health crisis changed the perception, as now the value more the emotional side of health, and understand the status of a combination of the different aspects of wellness. The Latinamerican context poses a challenge in designing strategies with a holistic health perspective, with complexities in the economic and sociocultural domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniela Mendez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey. Av. Morones Prieto 3000, Pte. Col. Los Doctores. 64710 Monterrey NL México.
| | - Andrea Romo Garcia
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey. Av. Morones Prieto 3000, Pte. Col. Los Doctores. 64710 Monterrey NL México.
| | - Mildred Lopez
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey. Av. Morones Prieto 3000, Pte. Col. Los Doctores. 64710 Monterrey NL México.
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Post pandemic research priorities: A consensus statement from the HL-PIVOT. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 73:2-16. [PMID: 35842068 PMCID: PMC9278010 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have been amid unhealthy living and related chronic disease pandemics for several decades. These longstanding crises have troublingly synergized with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The need to establish research priorities in response to COVID-19 can be used to address broad health and wellbeing, social and economic impacts for the future is emerging. Accordingly, this paper sets out a series of research priorities that could inform interdisciplinary collaboration between clinical sciences, public health, business, technology, economics, healthcare providers, and the exercise science/sports medicine communities, among others. A five-step methodology was used to generate and evaluate the research priorities with a focus on broad health and well-being impacts. The methodology was deployed by an international and interdisciplinary team from the Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL- PIVOT) network. This team were all engaged in responding to the Pandemic either on the 'front-line' and/or in leadership positions ensuring the currency and authenticity of the process. Eight research priorities were identified clustered into two groups: i) Societal & Environmental, and ii) Clinical. Our eight research priorities are presented with insight from previously published research priorities from other groups.
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Faghy MA, Maden-Wilkinson T, Arena R, Copeland RJ, Owen R, Hodgkins H, Willmott A. COVID-19 patients require multi-disciplinary rehabilitation approaches to address persisting symptom profiles and restore pre-COVID quality of life. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:595-600. [PMID: 35385677 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2063843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-COVID diagnosis is prominent, and our attention must support those experiencing debilitating and long-standing symptoms. To establish patient pathways, we must consider the societal and economic impacts of sustained COVID-19. Accordingly, we sought to determine the pertinent areas impacting quality of life (QoL) following a COVID-19 infection. RESEARCH METHODS Three hundred and eighty-one participants completed a web-based survey (83% female, 17% male) consisting of 70 questions across 7 sections (demographics, COVID-19 symptoms; QoL; sleep quality; breathlessness; physical activity and mental health). Mean age, height, body mass and body mass index (BMI) were 42 ± 12 years, 167.6 ± 10.4 cm, 81.2 ± 22.2 kg, and 29.1 ± 8.4 kg.m2, respectively. RESULTS Participant health was reduced because of COVID-19 symptoms ("Good health" to "Poor health" [P<0.001]). Survey respondents who work reported ongoing issues with performing moderate (83%) and vigorous (79%) work-related activities. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients report reduced capacity to participate in activities associated with daily life, including employment activities. Bespoke COVID-19 support pathways must consider multi-disciplinary approaches that address the holistic needs of patients to restore pre-pandemic quality of life and address experienced health and wellbeing challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Faghy
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK.,Research and Innovation for post Covid-19 Rehabilitation (RICOVR), Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Thomas Maden-Wilkinson
- Research and Innovation for post Covid-19 Rehabilitation (RICOVR), Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Robert J Copeland
- Research and Innovation for post Covid-19 Rehabilitation (RICOVR), Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL
| | - Rebecca Owen
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, UK
| | - Henry Hodgkins
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences (CCSES), School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ash Willmott
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences (CCSES), School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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9
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Arena R, Lavie CJ, Faghy MA. What Comes First, the Behavior or the Condition? In the COVID-19 Era, It May Go Both Ways. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022; 47:100963. [PMID: 34391763 PMCID: PMC8358102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.100963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This causality dilemma was first proposed by the Greek biographer Plutarch in the 1st century CE. While the cause-effect relationship between lifestyle behaviors and chronic disease is not always a certainty, and genetic predisposition can independently lead to premature chronic disease, the likelihood of developing one or more chronic conditions is significantly higher in those who: (1) lead sedentary lifestyles; (2) consume unhealthy diets; (3) smoke; or (4) have excess body mass. Recently, the Royal College of General Practitioners issued an apology for the title of an online event that suggested the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a lifestyle disease. We feel that this was the correct course of action as leading an unhealthy lifestyle is certainly not the cause for an individual contracting COVID-19 (ie, effect). However, a body of evidence has demonstrated that unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and characteristics as well as being diagnosed with one or more chronic diseases does significantly increase the risk for a complicated medical course in individuals infected with COVID-19. Moreover, the cause-effect relationship between lifestyle behaviors and characteristics and COVID-19 may eventually prove to go both ways, as the pandemic may lead to a higher prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and characteristics over the long term that eventually leads to a higher prevalence of chronic disease. As such, health living medicine must be widely practiced and prescribed to all individuals globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Mark A Faghy
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL-PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL; Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
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10
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Wachira LJ, Arena R, Sallis JF, Lambert EV, Ong'wen OM, Laddu DR, Onywera V, Oyeyemi AL. Why are COVID-19 effects less severe in Sub-Saharan Africa? Moving more and sitting less may be a primary reason. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 71:103-105. [PMID: 35487264 PMCID: PMC9042414 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy-Joy Wachira
- Dept. of Physical Education and Exercise Science, School of Public Health and Applied Human Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - James F Sallis
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Deepika R Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Vincent Onywera
- Dept. of Physical Education and Exercise Science, School of Public Health and Applied Human Sciences, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
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Arena R, Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, Lavie CJ. A tale of two pandemics revisited: Physical inactivity, sedentary behavior and poor COVID-19 outcomes reside in the same Syndemic City. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 71:69-71. [PMID: 34826425 PMCID: PMC8616569 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL – PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Corresponding author at: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W. Taylor Street (MC 898), Chicago, IL 60612, United States of America
| | - Grenita Hall
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL – PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Deepika R. Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL – PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Shane A. Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL – PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Lavie
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL – PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, United States of America,Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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12
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Lane-Cordova AD, Jerome GJ, Paluch AE, Bustamante EE, LaMonte MJ, Pate RR, Weaver RG, Webber-Ritchey KJ, Gibbs BB. Supporting Physical Activity in Patients and Populations During Life Events and Transitions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 145:e117-e128. [PMID: 34847691 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Achieving recommended levels of physical activity is important for optimal cardiovascular health and can help reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Emerging evidence suggests that physical activity fluctuates throughout the life course. Some life events and transitions are associated with reductions in physical activity and, potentially, increases in sedentary behavior. The aim of this scientific statement is to first provide an overview of the evidence suggesting changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior across life events and transitions. A second aim is to provide guidance for health care professionals or public health workers to identify changes and promote physical activity during life events and transitions. We offer a novel synthesis of existing data, including evidence suggesting that some subgroups are more likely to change physical activity behaviors in response to life events and transitions. We also review the evidence that sedentary behavior changes across life events and transitions. Tools for health care professionals to assess physical activity using simple questions or wearable devices are described. We provide strategies for health care professionals to express compassion as they ask about life transitions and initiate conversations about physical activity. Last, resources for life phase-specific, tailored physical activity support are included. Future research needs include a better characterization of physical activity and sedentary behavior across life events and transitions in higher-risk subgroups. Development and testing of interventions designed specifically to combat declines in physical activity or increases in sedentary behavior during life events and transitions is needed to establish or maintain healthy levels of these cardiovascular health-promoting behaviors.
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