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Wu Z, Li S, Chen Z, Nie Y. An intervention study on college students' employment anxiety based on interpretation bias modification: A randomized controlled experiment. Behav Res Ther 2024; 182:104616. [PMID: 39186872 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
External environmental factors and internal cognitive bias affect college students' anxiety while job hunting. The current study is an intervention study on alleviating employment anxiety among college students through an Interpretation Bias Modification (IBM) computer-based intervention. A total of 79 valid participants were recruited. The Interpretation Bias Modification (IBM) group participants were required to complete employment-related IBM Internet training twice a week for three weeks. The placebo control group participants were required to complete neutral Internet training at the same frequency. The waiting list control group did not undergo any training. The groups were tested at three time points: prior to the intervention (pre-test), immediately after (post-test), and one month after the intervention (one-month follow-up). The IBM intervention group [F(2, 72) = 31.68, p < 0.001] showed greater significance in reducing employment anxiety than participants in the placebo control group [F(2, 72) = 9.83, p < 0.001] from the pre-test to one-month follow-up. There was no significant difference in employment anxiety among the waiting-list control group over time. The IBM intervention for college students can effectively decrease employment anxiety and reduce interpretation bias, which can be maintained at the one-month follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Wu
- Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shengnan Li
- Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yangang Nie
- Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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2
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Kowalsky JM, Mitchell AM, Okdie BM. Co-rumination and intrapersonal cognitive processes predict distress: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress Health 2024:e3490. [PMID: 39377293 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Perseverative thinking and catastrophizing have well established associations with fear and distress. However, less is known about the impact of interpersonal dynamics, such as co-rumination, on these intrapersonal cognitive processes and subsequent stress. The present study addresses this knowledge gap. A sample of 433 adults from across the United States was recruited online and completed measures of co-rumination, perseverative thinking, catastrophizing, and demographic characteristics early in the COVID-19 pandemic, and the COVID Stress Scales (CSS) at six month follow up. Co-rumination, perseverative thinking, catastrophizing, and CSS scores were correlated in the expected direction. Regression analyses revealed all three independently predicted CSS worry about the dangerousness of COVID-19 subscale. Co-rumination was the strongest predictor of CSS worry about the socioeconomic impact and CSS compulsive checking scales. Perseverative thinking and catastrophizing predicted CSS traumatic stress symptoms subscale. Finally, perseverative thinking was the strongest predictor of CSS xenophobia subscale. Structural equation modelling indicated that co-rumination had a significant indirect effect on CSS scores through perseverative thinking and catastrophizing. Interpersonal dynamics, such as co-rumination, are relevant for understanding stress and are promising targets for intervention research to prevent or attenuate fears and distress, in addition to traditional intrapersonal cognitive processes such as perseverative thinking and catastrophizing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda M Mitchell
- Department of Counseling and Human Development, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Bradley M Okdie
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Newark, Ohio, USA
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Hermanns N, Ehrmann D, Kulzer B, Klinker L, Haak T, Schmitt A. Somatic and mental symptoms associated with dysglycaemia, diabetes-related complications and mental conditions in people with diabetes: Assessments in daily life using continuous glucose monitoring and ecological momentary assessment. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 39375863 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the potential drivers (glucose level, complications, diabetes type, gender, age and mental health) of diabetes symptoms using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and ecological momentary assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants used a smartphone application to rate 25 diabetes symptoms in their daily lives over 8 days. These symptoms were grouped into four blocks so that each symptom was rated six times on 2 days (noon, afternoon and evening). The symptom ratings were associated with the glucose levels for the previous 2 hours, measured with CGM. Linear mixed-effects models were used, allowing for nested random effects and the conduct of N = 1 analysis of individual associations. RESULTS In total, 192 individuals with type 1 diabetes and 179 with type 2 diabetes completed 6380 app check-ins. Four symptoms showed a significant negative association with glucose values, indicating higher ratings at lower glucose (speech difficulties, P = .003; coordination problems, P = .00005; confusion, P = .049; and food cravings, P = .0003). Four symptoms showed a significant positive association with glucose values, indicating higher scores at higher glucose (thirst, P = .0001; urination, P = .0003; taste disturbances, P = .021; and itching, P = .0120). There were also significant positive associations between microangiopathy and eight symptoms. Elevated depression and diabetes distress were associated with higher symptom scores. N = 1 analysis showed highly idiosyncratic associations between symptom reports and glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS The N = 1 analysis facilitated the creation of personalized symptom profiles related to glucose levels with consideration of factors such as complications, gender, body mass index, depression and diabetes distress. This approach can enhance precision monitoring for diabetes symptoms in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Hermanns
- Research Institute of the Diabetes-Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DZM), Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Dominic Ehrmann
- Research Institute of the Diabetes-Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kulzer
- Research Institute of the Diabetes-Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Bamberg, Bamberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DZM), Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Laura Klinker
- Research Institute of the Diabetes-Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DZM), Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Haak
- Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DZM), Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Schmitt
- Research Institute of the Diabetes-Academy Mergentheim (FIDAM), Bad Mergentheim, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Diabetes Center Mergentheim (DZM), Diabetes Clinic, Bad Mergentheim, Germany
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Duijzings M, Todd J, Notebaert L. A randomized controlled trial modifying insomnia-consistent interpretation bias in students. Behav Res Ther 2024; 181:104607. [PMID: 39116605 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the causal role of insomnia-consistent interpretation bias within the cognitive model of insomnia, by modifying this bias in students experiencing subclinical levels of insomnia and assessing subsequent effects on sleep parameters. A sample of 128 students underwent randomization to receive either a single session of online Cognitive Bias Modification-Interpretation (CBM-I) or a sham training. Participants then tracked their pre-sleep worry and sleep parameters for seven consecutive days. Interpretation bias was assessed using an encoding-recognition task specifically designed for insomnia-related interpretation bias. The CBM-I manipulation utilized ambiguous scenarios to redirect participants away from making insomnia-related interpretations. Results revealed that CBM-I effectively decreased insomnia-consistent interpretation bias compared to the sham treatment, with interpretation bias being absent post-training in the CBM-I group. This reduction did not lead to improvements in pre-sleep worry or any sleep parameters. This study has been the first to investigate the causal role of interpretation bias on symptoms of insomnia. Although results indicated this bias to be modifiable, its causality within the cognitive model proves to be more complicated. Future research focusing on optimization of cognitive bias modifications could shed more light on the effects of biased cognitions on insomnia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Duijzings
- The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, NSW, Australia; Leiden University, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Jemma Todd
- The University of Sydney, School of Psychology, NSW, Australia; The University of Western Australia, School of Psychological Science, WA, Australia
| | - Lies Notebaert
- The University of Western Australia, School of Psychological Science, WA, Australia
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Chen J, Lin X, Wang N, Wang Y, Wang J, Luo F. When and how is depression associated with ostracism among college students? The mediating role of interpretation bias and the moderating role of awareness rather than acceptance. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3454. [PMID: 39078475 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Depression is closely related to individual social functions. The current study aimed to examine whether depression is associated with ostracism, whether interpretation bias mediates this relationship, and whether trait mindfulness moderates direct and indirect relationships between depression and ostracism. Overall, 389 Chinese college students completed the Center for Epidemiological Survey, Depression Scale, Interpretation Bias Questionnaire, Philadelphia mindfulness scale, and perceived ostracism scale at two-time points. Latent Profile analysis and moderated mediation analysis were performed. After controlling for sex and age, depression (t1) was positively correlated to perceived ostracism, with this relationship being partially mediated by negative interpretation bias (IBN, t2). The effect of IBN on perceived ostracism was weak when awareness was high at time 2. Acceptance had a non-significant moderating role in the relationship between IBN and perceived ostracism at time 2. LPA delineated three profiles: high awareness, high acceptance, and medium mindfulness. The moderating role of the different profiles in the relationship between IBN (t2) and perceived ostracism (t2) was significant. Depressed individuals appear to experience more ostracism because of IBN. Awareness might alleviate the effect of IBN on perceived ostracism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Dai Y, Zheng Y, Hu K, Chen J, Lu S, Li Q, Xiao J. Heterogeneity in the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety among adolescents: Results of latent profile analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 357:77-84. [PMID: 38670464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety co-occur frequently and there is heterogeneity in the co-occurrence of such symptoms; however, few previous studies investigated the heterogeneity based on person-centered perspectives in adolescents. The primary aim of our study was to explore it using latent profile analysis (LPA), a person-centered statistical approach. METHOD The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to examine depression and anxiety symptoms in 7422 Chinese adolescents from 23 primary and secondary schools. To investigate latent profiles and assess profile validity, we employed Latent Profile Analysis (LPA), multinomial logistic regression, and analysis of variance. RESULTS A three-profile model was suggested as the optimum: low (69.9 %), moderate (21.6 %), and high depression/anxiety (8.5 %). Female with higher negative cognitive bias and higher emotional regulation difficulty are more likely to be categorized in the high depression/anxiety group. Internet addiction, academic "Lying flat" and involution are significantly and positively linked with the severity of anxiety and depression. LIMITATIONS Reliance on self-reported measures may lead to response bias; the cross-sectional design limits our ability to study how symptom profiles and category membership change over time. CONCLUSIONS Three latent profiles of the co-occurrence of depression and anxiety presented a parallel pattern, which serves as a poignant reminder of the imperative need to identify Chinese adolescents who may be at elevated risk for depression and/or anxiety, and promoting intervention that are meticulously tailored to address the unique symptom presentations of each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelian Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kesong Hu
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jingyan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Child Development, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
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7
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Song S, Guo R, Chen X, Li C. How School Burnout Affects Depression Symptoms Among Chinese Adolescents: Evidence from Individual and Peer Clique Level. J Youth Adolesc 2024:10.1007/s10964-024-02044-0. [PMID: 38965138 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-02044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The impact of peer clique school burnout norms on adolescents' emotional adaptation is becoming increasingly prominent, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear, especially in China where academic achievement is highly valued. The present study examined how clique burnout norms impact the relationship between school burnout, negative cognitive bias, and depressive symptoms. A total of 904 Chinese adolescents (57% boys; Mage = 12.73, SD = 0.43) participated in a two-wave longitudinal study (initiated in 2015, with approximately a 2-year interval). The results of multilevel models indicated that only in low clique burnout norms, adolescents with high school burnout at T1 would exhibit more negative cognitive bias and suffer from more depressive symptoms at T2, whereas the moderating effect was only observed in all-boys cliques. These findings reflect that a decrease in the overall level of burnout within a peer clique does not necessarily benefit every student, and the adaptation issues of students experiencing burnout still require attention even in a relatively healthy context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengcheng Song
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruonan Guo
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China
| | - Caina Li
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Xi'an, China.
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Takeda T, Fukudome K, Nakano M, Umehara H, Nakamura K. Reliability and validation of the Japanese version of the cognitive distortion scale. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1261166. [PMID: 38933743 PMCID: PMC11204790 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1261166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cognitive distortion scale (CDS) is a self-rated measure to assess the degree of cognitive distortion which is 10 thinking errors commonly seen in depression. However, there is no scale to measure 10 types cognitive distortions specific to depression in Japan. Therefore, this study translated the CDS into Japanese (CDS-J), and examined its factor structure, validity, and reliability in a Japanese population. A total of 237 healthy individuals and 39 individuals with depression participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the appropriateness of the CDS-J's 10-factor structure. Regarding convergent validity, CDS-J was significantly correlated with dysfunctional attitudes, negative automatic thoughts, and depression. Regarding discriminant validity, the CDS-J showed no significant correlation with positive automatic thoughts. The total CDS-J scores of the healthy participants and of those with major depression were compared. The results showed significant differences between groups. Finally, the CDS-J was found to have a high test-retest reliability. Therefore, the CDS-J is a valid and reliable tool for assessing cognitive distortions in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Takeda
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Human Environments, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Koudai Fukudome
- Department of Human and Social Studies, St. Catherine University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Mina Nakano
- Department of Psychology, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Umehara
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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9
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Grygiel P, Dolata R, Humenny G, Muszyński M. Depressive symptoms and loneliness among early adolescents: a psychometric network analysis approach. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:199-214. [PMID: 37550521 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrate a high prevalence of depression and loneliness among adolescents. Although they often co-occur, the relationship between symptoms of depression and loneliness remains poorly understood. This study investigates: (a) the symptoms of depression that are connected to loneliness; (b) the role played by loneliness in the network of depression symptoms; and (c) whether the method used to measure loneliness (single-item direct or multi-item indirect) affects the relationship of loneliness with depressive symptoms. METHODS Participants were 496 Polish adolescents (50.8% girls) aged 11 to 13, who completed: (a) the 10-item Major Depressive Disorder subscale of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale; (b) the 11-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (indirect loneliness), and (c) a single direct question evaluating loneliness: 'I'm lonely'. Networks were estimated using a Gaussian Graphical Model. RESULTS Loneliness shows a direct relationship with three affective symptoms of depression: sadness, worthlessness, and anhedonia, which mediate relationships with somatic symptoms. In contrast to previous studies, loneliness has the lowest level of centrality among all elements of the network. The method used to assess loneliness did not significantly affect the connections between loneliness and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Loneliness and depression overlap since they are formed by the same cognitive biases and deficits in emotion regulation but differ in the level of generality. In loneliness, they have an interpersonal context, while symptoms of depression can be intrapersonal. This helps us to understand why cognitive interventions, as compared to those which are social, are more effective in reducing loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marek Muszyński
- Institute of Philosophy and Sociology Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Sijtsma M, Marjoram D, Gallagher HL, Grealy MA, Brennan D, Mathias C, Cavanagh J, Pollick FE. Major Depression and the Perception of Affective Instrumental and Expressive Gestures: An fMRI Investigation. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 336:111728. [PMID: 37939431 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with biased perception of human movement. Gesture is important for communication and in this study we investigated neural correlates of gesture perception in MDD. We hypothesised different neural activity between individuals with MDD and typical individuals when viewing instrumental and expressive gestures that were negatively or positively valenced. Differences were expected in brain areas associated with gesture perception, including superior temporal, frontal, and emotion processing regions. We recruited 12 individuals with MDD and 12 typical controls matched on age, gender, and handedness. They viewed gestures displayed by stick figures while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed. Results of a random effects three-way mixed ANOVA indicated that individuals with MDD had greater activity in the right claustrum compared to controls, regardless of gesture type or valence. Additionally, we observed main effects of gesture type and valence, regardless of group. Perceiving instrumental compared to expressive gestures was associated with greater activity in the left cuneus and left superior temporal gyrus, while perceiving negative compared to positive gestures was associated with greater activity in the right precuneus and right lingual gyrus. We also observed a two-way interaction between gesture type and valence in various brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Sijtsma
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dominic Marjoram
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Helen L Gallagher
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Madeleine A Grealy
- Department of Psychological Science and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - David Brennan
- Department of MRI Physics, Imaging Centre of Excellence, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Frank E Pollick
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Sochal M, Witkowska A, Binienda A, Gabryelska A, Białasiewicz P, Fichna J, Talar-Wojnarowska R, Małecka-Wojciesko E. The Effect of Serotonin Transmission on Depressive and Insomnia Symptoms in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6353. [PMID: 37834999 PMCID: PMC10573210 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonergic pathway may impact the pathogenesis and the course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between 5-HT, the serotonin transporter (SERT), and the clinical course of the disease with the occurrence of sleep and mood disorders. Participants completed sleep questionnaires and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Serum 5-HT, SERT protein expression, and mRNA levels were quantified. Additionally, patients treated with anti-TNF therapy were examined before and after treatment. In this study, 77 patients with IBD and 41 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled and 24 of them were treated with anti-TNF therapy. Patients with IBD had higher 5-HT levels and SERT protein expression than the HCs, but not mRNA SERT levels (p = 0.015, p = 0.001, p = 0.069, respectively). Similar results were obtained for patients in the active state of the disease compared to the non-active state. There was a positive relationship between insomnia severity and SERT protein expression. BDI did not correlate with serotonin or SERT. After anti-TNF therapy, only 5-HT levels were decreased. 5-HT and SERT protein are overexpressed in active IBD and may represent a candidate for novel disease activity biomarkers. The correlation between the SERT protein level and the severity of insomnia symptoms might be among the underlying biochemical factors of sleep disturbances. Anti-TNF treatment might contribute to the reduction in 5-HT levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Sochal
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.W.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Alicja Witkowska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.W.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Agata Binienda
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.B.); (J.F.)
| | - Agata Gabryelska
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.W.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Piotr Białasiewicz
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.W.); (A.G.); (P.B.)
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.B.); (J.F.)
| | - Renata Talar-Wojnarowska
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (R.T.-W.); (E.M.-W.)
| | - Ewa Małecka-Wojciesko
- Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (R.T.-W.); (E.M.-W.)
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12
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Matcham F, Simblett SK, Leightley D, Dalby M, Siddi S, Haro JM, Lamers F, Penninx BWHJ, Bruce S, Nica R, Zormpas S, Gilpin G, White KM, Oetzmann C, Annas P, Brasen JC, Narayan VA, Hotopf M, Wykes T. The association between persistent cognitive difficulties and depression and functional outcomes in people with major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6334-6344. [PMID: 37743838 PMCID: PMC10520589 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive symptoms are common during and following episodes of depression. Little is known about the persistence of self-reported and performance-based cognition with depression and functional outcomes. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of a prospective naturalistic observational clinical cohort study of individuals with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD; N = 623). Participants completed app-based self-reported and performance-based cognitive function assessments alongside validated measures of depression, functional disability, and self-esteem every 3 months. Participants were followed-up for a maximum of 2-years. Multilevel hierarchically nested modelling was employed to explore between- and within-participant variation over time to identify whether persistent cognitive difficulties are related to levels of depression and functional impairment during follow-up. RESULTS 508 individuals (81.5%) provided data (mean age: 46.6, s.d.: 15.6; 76.2% female). Increasing persistence of self-reported cognitive difficulty was associated with higher levels of depression and functional impairment throughout the follow-up. In comparison to low persistence of objective cognitive difficulty (<25% of timepoints), those with high persistence (>75% of timepoints) reported significantly higher levels of depression (B = 5.17, s.e. = 2.21, p = 0.019) and functional impairment (B = 4.82, s.e. = 1.79, p = 0.002) over time. Examination of the individual cognitive modules shows that persistently impaired executive function is associated with worse functioning, and poor processing speed is particularly important for worsened depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS We replicated previous findings of greater persistence of cognitive difficulty with increasing severity of depression and further demonstrate that these cognitive difficulties are associated with pervasive functional disability. Difficulties with cognition may be an indicator and target for further treatment input.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Matcham
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - S. K. Simblett
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D. Leightley
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M. Dalby
- Muna Therapeutics, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. M. Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació San Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B. W. H. J. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S. Bruce
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R. Nica
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- The Romanian League for Mental Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S. Zormpas
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- EPIONI Greek Carers Network, Athens, Greece
| | - G. Gilpin
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K. M. White
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. Oetzmann
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P. Annas
- H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - M. Hotopf
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - T. Wykes
- The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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13
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Erguler H, Ferreira N, Adonis M, Koushiou M. Moderating Impact of Dispositional Mindfulness in the Relationship Between Future Expectancies and Psychological Well-Being. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231175614. [PMID: 37202172 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231175614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mindfulness has been studied under cultivated or dispositional divisions where the latter has strong implications for psychological well-being in meditators and non-meditators alike. In addition, future expectations, or prospections, regarding the occurrence of important events in a person's future have recently been hypothesized to be the main cause behind symptoms of major depression. There is, however, a lack of empirical research looking at possible links between dispositional mindfulness, as understood in its facet structure, and future expectations as understood via perceived risk of occurrence and vividness of mental imagery when prompted to imagine a given list of positive and negative prospective event item lists. Therefore, this research aimed at examining how dispositional mindfulness may be related to probabilistic risk assessments of positive and negative future events (Stage I); and how mental imagery vividness may be moderated by mindfulness facets (Stage II). METHODS Both stages included healthy participants and incorporated the PROCESS macro for moderated regression analysis done with the SPSS software. Stage I included 204 voluntary college students, and Stage II was conducted online with a public sample of 110 adults. RESULTS Although no interaction effect was found in Stage I, nonreactivity to inner experience facet of dispositional mindfulness moderated the relationship between negative imagery vividness and psychological distress in Stage II (F(1,103) = 4.00, R2 change=.018, p <.05). CONCLUSIONS This is a novel finding that could inform a future line of research looking into the relationship between prospection and mindfulness, holding a potential for informing research on mindfulness-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Erguler
- The Department of Psychology, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Cyprus (Northern, via Mersin 10 Turkey)
| | - Nuno Ferreira
- The Department of Psychology, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marios Adonis
- The Department of Psychology, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maria Koushiou
- The Department of Psychology, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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14
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Moretta T, Messerotti Benvenuti S. Familial risk for depression is associated with reduced P300 and late positive potential to affective stimuli and prolonged cardiac deceleration to unpleasant stimuli. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6432. [PMID: 37081143 PMCID: PMC10119159 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33534-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite evidence of abnormal affective processing as a key correlate of depression, specific attentional mechanisms underlying processing of emotions in familial risk for depression have yet to be investigated in a single study. To this end, the amplitude of the P300 and late positive potential (LPP) complex and cardiac deceleration were assessed during the passive viewing of affective pictures in 32 individuals who had family history of depression (without depressive symptoms) and in 30 controls (without depressive symptoms and family history of depression). Individuals with familial risk for depression revealed reduced P300-LPP amplitudes in response to pleasant and unpleasant stimuli relative to controls, and comparable P300-LPP amplitudes in response to pleasant and neutral stimuli. Controls, but not individuals with familial risk for depression, reported cardiac deceleration during the viewing of pleasant vs. neutral and unpleasant stimuli in the 0-3 s time window. Also, only individuals with familial risk for depression showed a prolonged cardiac deceleration in response to unpleasant vs. neutral stimuli. Overall, the present study provides new insights into the characterization of emotion-related attentional processes in familial risk for depression as potential vulnerability factors for the development of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Moretta
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia, 8, 35131, Padua, Italy.
| | - Simone Messerotti Benvenuti
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia, 8, 35131, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Hospital Psychology Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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15
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Abstract
Interpretation bias (i.e. the selective negative interpretation of ambiguous stimuli) may contribute to the development and maintenance of health anxiety. However, the strength of the empirical evidence for this association remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to estimate the association between health anxiety and interpretation bias and to identify potential moderators of this association. Chinese-language databases (CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang), English-language databases (Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus), and German-language databases (Psyndex and PubPsych) were searched for relevant studies. There were 36 articles (39 studies) identified by this search (N = 8984), of which 32 articles (34 studies) were included in the meta-analysis (N = 8602). Results revealed a medium overall effect size (g = 0.67). Statistically equivalent effect sizes were observed for patients diagnosed with clinical health anxiety (g = 0.58) and subclinical health anxiety (g = 0.72). The effect sizes for threat stimuli that were health related (g = 0.68) and not health related (g = 0.63) did not differ significantly. The effect size for studies using an offline paradigm (g = 0.75) was significantly higher than that for studies using an online paradigm (g = 0.50). It is concluded that health anxiety is significantly and robustly associated with interpretation bias. These findings are of central importance for the advancement of models and treatment of health anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayu Du
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Michael Witthöft
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy, and Experimental Psychopathology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Congrong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, National Intelligent Society Governance Experiment Base (Education), School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Schneider BC, Veckenstedt R, Karamatskos E, Pinho LG, Morgado B, Fonseca C, Moritz S, Jelinek L. Negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs, and rumination as mediators of metacognitive training for depression in older adults (MCT-Silver). Front Psychol 2023; 14:1153377. [PMID: 37034960 PMCID: PMC10074596 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metacognitive Training for Depression in older adults (MCT-Silver; www.uke.de/mct-silver) is a cognitive-behavioral based group intervention that aims at reducing depression by targeting (meta)cognitive beliefs and rumination. In the present study, it was examined whether negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs and/or rumination may be implicated as mediators of MCT-Silver's effects on depression. Materials and methods We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial comparing MCT-Silver to an active control intervention (cognitive remediation) including 66 older adults (60 years and older) with complete baseline data. Clinician-rated (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and self-reported (Beck Depression Inventory-II) depression, negative cognitive beliefs (Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale-18B), positive metacognitive beliefs (positive beliefs subscale; Metacognition Questionnaire-30) and rumination (10-item Ruminative Response Scale) were assessed before (pre) and after 8 weeks of treatment (post), as well as 3 months later (follow-up). It was examined whether change in depression (pre- to follow-up) was mediated by change in negative cognitive beliefs, positive metacognitive beliefs and/or rumination (pre- to post-assessment). Results Mediation results differed for self-reported vs. clinician-rated depression. The effect of MCT-Silver on reduction in clinician-rated depression was mediated by a reduction in self-reported rumination, whereas reduction in self-reported depression was mediated by a reduction in negative cognitive beliefs. Positive metacognitive beliefs were not a significant mediator for either outcome. Conclusion The current study provides initial evidence for the roles of negative cognitive beliefs and rumination in the treatment of depression in later life with MCT-Silver. Given the divergence of findings and lack of causal precedence, mechanisms of change for MCT-Silver cannot yet be equivocally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke C. Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Brooke C. Schneider,
| | - Ruth Veckenstedt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Evangelos Karamatskos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Guedes Pinho
- Nursing Department, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | | | - César Fonseca
- Nursing Department, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Jelinek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Matsumoto N, Watson LA, Kuratomi K. Schema-Driven Involuntary Categoric Memory in Depression. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-022-10329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Early indicators of vulnerability to depression: The role of rumination and heart rate variability. J Affect Disord 2022; 312:217-224. [PMID: 35760196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the evidence of increased levels of rumination and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) in depression, whether these measures can be considered early indicators of vulnerability to depression has yet to be investigated. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate both levels of rumination and resting HRV in individuals with familial risk for depression that is the most reliable risk factor for the disorder. METHODS Rumination and vagally-mediated HRV were assessed using the Ruminative Response Scale and a smartphone-based photoelectric volumetric pulse wave assay, respectively, in 25 individuals who had family history of depression (but did not report current depressive symptoms), 15 individuals who reported depressive symptoms (but had no family history of depression), and 25 controls (without depressive symptoms and family history of depression). RESULTS Individuals with depressive symptoms and those with a family history of depression were characterized by higher levels of rumination and lower cardiac vagal control than controls. LIMITATIONS Given the small sample size, this study should be used to design larger confirmatory studies; the cross-sectional nature of the study does not allow discussing the results in terms of cause-effect relationships. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that individuals at risk of developing depression, also in absence of depressive symptoms, are defined by defective self-regulation capacity that may lead to future depression episodes. Increased ruminative thoughts and reduced HRV may represent early indicators of vulnerability to depression. Effective prevention programs designed to reduce rumination and/or increase HRV may reduce the risk of developing a full-blown depressive episode.
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Fernández-Tobar B, González-Moreno J, Cantero-García M. Propiedades psicométricas del Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire en población española adolescente y joven. REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIÓN EN PSICOLOGÍA Y EDUCACIÓN 2022. [DOI: 10.17979/reipe.2022.9.1.8999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio era analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión española del Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ) en una muestra de población joven. El CNCEQ es uno de los procedimientos de autoinforme más utilizados para medir cuatro tipos de distorsión cognitiva (pensamiento catastrófico, sobregeneralización, personalización y abstracción selectiva) en tres áreas de contenido (social, académica y deportiva). A pesar de ello, no existen estudios que analicen las propiedades del instrumento entre los jóvenes. El estudio utilizó una amplia muestra (N = 2040; entre 12 y 22 años; 50,7% hombres y 47,3% mujeres) de diferentes centros educativos. La validez de constructo se evaluó mediante un análisis factorial exploratorio, y la consistencia interna mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. También se realizaron contrastes de medias para evaluar la validez discriminante y se llevó a cabo un análisis de correlación y regresión para explorar la validez de criterio. Los resultados indican que el CNCEQ permite evaluar las distorsiones cognitivas autodegradantes entre los jóvenes con suficientes garantías psicométricas. Su uso por parte de los profesores les permitirá adaptar sus actividades para tener en cuenta la presencia de distorsiones cognitivas entre sus estudiantes.
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20
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Nieto I, Vazquez C. Disentangling the mediating role of modifying interpretation bias on emotional distress using a novel cognitive bias modification program. J Anxiety Disord 2021; 83:102459. [PMID: 34358756 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative interpretation bias is a potential risk factor for emotional disorders. In this study, we tested a clinically inspired 4-session online Cognitive Bias Modification-Interpretation (CBM-IClin) program to modify negative interpretation biases. METHODS We randomized one hundred and twenty-one volunteer young adults (Mean age = 21.6 years, SD = 3.5; 85 % women) with varying levels of emotional distress to either an experimental or waitlist control group. Mediation analyses were used to disentangle the associations between the intervention, changes in interpretation biases (assessed by both a self-report and an experimental task), and changes in measures of cognitive vulnerability and symptoms of depression and anxiety. RESULTS The results showed that the CBM-IClin could change negative interpretation biases. Also, it had a direct effect on the change in negative memory bias, an indirect effect on the change in depression symptoms via the change in interpretation bias, and both direct and indirect effects on the change in self-reported dysfunctional attitudes. LIMITATIONS The study included a non-clinical sample of participants and it did not control for some potential confounding factors (e.g., attentional disorders). Furthermore, participants' engagement during the sessions at home was not supervised. CONCLUSIONS The CBM-IClin is a potential tool to prevent and intervene in emotional disorders in young adults and could complement other traditional CBM procedures or clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Nieto
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmelo Vazquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
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21
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Nieto I, Vazquez C. 'Relearning how to think': A brief online intervention to modify biased interpretations in emotional disorders-study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:510. [PMID: 34332616 PMCID: PMC8325786 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive biases play an important role in the development and maintenance of emotional disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Novel procedures, known as Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM), aim to reduce these dysfunctional information processing modes. This study develops a brief clinically based online intervention programme to modify biased interpretations in depression and anxiety (CBM-IClin), overcoming some methodological issues that have been addressed in previous literature. Methods Volunteer participants will be recruited via social media and posters at the university. They will be randomly assigned to an experimental group or a waiting list control group. Both groups will complete two assessment sessions (before and after the intervention) consisting of questionnaires measuring cognitive and emotional variables as well as experimental tasks measuring cognitive biases (i.e. attention, memory, and interpretation). After the first assessment session, only participants in the experimental group will receive a link to follow the four CBM-IClin sessions at home. All participants will receive, via email, follow-up questionnaires 2 weeks and 3 months after the second assessment. Discussion This study will test the 'Relearning how to think', an online programme potentially beneficial to modify cognitive biases in emotional disorders. Several limitations of previous CBM procedures are addressed, and the impact of the programme both on objective cognitive bias tasks and clinical symptoms will be explored. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03987477. Prospectively registered on June 17, 2019
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Nieto
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmelo Vazquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Wright AC, Browne J, Skiest H, Bhiku K, Baker JT, Cather C. The relationship between conventional clinical assessments and momentary assessments of symptoms and functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2021; 232:11-27. [PMID: 34004382 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptoms and functioning are critical dimensions in those with schizophrenia and are typically measured using validated conventional clinical assessments. Researchers and clinicians have begun to use real-time digital methods, such as ecological momentary assessment (EMA), to assess symptoms and functioning in the moment and outside of traditional hospital and laboratory settings, which may yield more naturalistic data. Although digital methods have advantages, it is unclear whether these momentary assessments capture core aspects of symptoms and functioning. OBJECTIVE This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the association between conventional clinical and momentary-based assessments of functioning and symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia. METHODS Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) written or translated into English; (2) peer-reviewed; (3) included primary quantitative data; (4) 60% of the clinical sample included persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders; (5) included a clinical assessment of functioning and/or symptoms; (6) included active momentary assessment and/or passive data; and (7) assessed the relationship between the momentary and conventional clinical assessments. RESULTS A total of 49 studies (87 analyses) were included. Conventional clinical assessments of functioning and positive, negative, and depressive symptoms were related to momentary assessments of these symptom domains. Passive data was beneficial for assessing negative symptoms, but research is warranted for other domains. CONCLUSIONS The reviewed studies highlight the utility of EMA methodologies to collect detailed data on symptoms and functioning. Such data is being used to develop more sophisticated models of schizophrenia to enhance our understanding of important mechanisms and develop targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail C Wright
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Julia Browne
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hannah Skiest
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Bhiku
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Justin T Baker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Institute for Technology in Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Corinne Cather
- Center of Excellence for Psychosocial and Systemic Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Villalobos D, Pacios J, Vázquez C. Cognitive Control, Cognitive Biases and Emotion Regulation in Depression: A New Proposal for an Integrative Interplay Model. Front Psychol 2021; 12:628416. [PMID: 33995183 PMCID: PMC8119761 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.628416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research traditions on cognition and depression focus on relatively unconnected aspects of cognitive functioning. On one hand, the neuropsychological perspective has concentrated on cognitive control difficulties as a prominent feature of this condition. On the other hand, the clinical psychology perspective has focused on cognitive biases and repetitive negative patterns of thinking (i.e., rumination) for emotional information. A review of the literature from both fields reveals that difficulties are more evident for mood-congruent materials, suggesting that cognitive control difficulties interact with cognitive biases to hinder cognitive switching, working memory updating, and inhibition of irrelevant information. Connecting research from these two traditions, we propose a novel integrative cognitive model of depression in which the interplay between mood-congruent cognitive control difficulties, cognitive biases, and rumination may ultimately lead to ineffective emotion-regulation strategies to downregulate negative mood and upregulate positive mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Villalobos
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pacios
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Technology, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Caculidis-Tudor D, Bică A, Ianole-Călin R, Podina IR. The less I get, the more I punish: A moderated-mediation model of rejection sensitivity and guilt in depression. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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