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Ramli AH, Jayathilaka EHTT, Dias MKHM, Abdul Malek E, Jain N, An J, Churchill DG, Rukayadi Y, Swain P, Kim CH, de Zoysa M, Mohd Faudzi SM. Antifungal activity of synthetic xanthenone against fluconazole-resistant Candida auris and its mechanism of action. Microb Pathog 2024; 194:106797. [PMID: 39029597 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Candida auris, an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen discovered in Japan in 2009, poses a significant global health threat, with infections reported in about 25 countries. The escalation of drug-resistant strains underscores the urgent need for new treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the antifungal potential of 2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-xanthen-1-one (XA1) against C. auris, as well as its mechanism of action and toxic profile. The antifungal activity of XA1 was first evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), time-kill kinetics and biofilm inhibition. In addition, structural changes, membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and in vitro and in vivo toxicity of C. auris after exposure to XA1 were investigated. The results indicated that XA1 exhibited an MIC of 50 μg/mL against C. auris, with time-kill kinetics highlighting its efficacy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed structural damage in XA1-treated cells, supported by increased membrane permeability leading to cell death. Furthermore, XA1 induced ROS production and significantly inhibited biofilm formation. Importantly, XA1 exhibited low cytotoxicity in human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT), with a cell viability of over 90 % at 6.25 μg/mL. In addition, an LD50 of 17.68 μg/mL was determined in zebrafish embryos 24 h post fertilization (hpf), with developmental delay observed at prolonged exposure at 6.25 μg/mL (48-96 hpf). These findings position XA1 as a promising candidate for further research and development of an effective antifungal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirah Hani Ramli
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Emilia Abdul Malek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Neha Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongkeol An
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - David G Churchill
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaya Rukayadi
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Puspanjali Swain
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama de Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Sánchez-Álvarez M, del Pozo MÁ, Bosch M, Pol A. Insights Into the Biogenesis and Emerging Functions of Lipid Droplets From Unbiased Molecular Profiling Approaches. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:901321. [PMID: 35756995 PMCID: PMC9213792 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.901321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are spherical, single sheet phospholipid-bound organelles that store neutral lipids in all eukaryotes and some prokaryotes. Initially conceived as relatively inert depots for energy and lipid precursors, these highly dynamic structures play active roles in homeostatic functions beyond metabolism, such as proteostasis and protein turnover, innate immunity and defense. A major share of the knowledge behind this paradigm shift has been enabled by the use of systematic molecular profiling approaches, capable of revealing and describing these non-intuitive systems-level relationships. Here, we discuss these advances and some of the challenges they entail, and highlight standing questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel del Pozo
- Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Bosch
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Mat Zian NFA, Swain P, Mohd Faudzi SM, Zakaria N, Wan Ibrahim WN, Abu Bakar N, Shaari K, Stanslas J, Choi TI, Kim CH. Mapping Molecular Networks within Clitoria ternatea Linn. against LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in Microglial Cells, with Molecular Docking and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment in Zebrafish. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040467. [PMID: 35455463 PMCID: PMC9032563 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clitoria ternatea Linn. (CT), or butterfly pea, is an Ayurvedic plant traditionally used as a brain tonic. Recently, it was reported to be of use in treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, i.e., as an antistress treatment and antidepressant. In the present study, we report a detailed phytochemical profile of the ethyl acetate fraction of the flower of CT (CTF_EA) with significant neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory properties in both LPS-activated BV-2 and SK-N-SH cells. Concurrently, the molecular network (MN) derived from the CTF_EA metabolome allows putative identification of flavonol 3-O-glycosides, hydrocinnamic acids, and primary metabolites. Molecular docking studies suggest that CTF_EA preferentially targets iNOS, resulting in a decrease in nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, no toxic effects on normal embryonic development, blood vessel formation, and apoptosis are observed when CTF_EA is tested for in vivo toxicity in zebrafish models. The overall preliminary results suggest the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective effects of CT and provide scientific support for the efficacy of this medicinal plant at local and traditional levels. However, studies on the targeted isolation of bioactive metabolites, in-depth pharmacological efficacy, and safety in mammalian models are urgently needed to expand our understanding of this plant before it is developed into a promising therapeutic agent for brain-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Farah Adni Mat Zian
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.F.A.M.Z.); (W.N.W.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Puspanjali Swain
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (P.S.); (T.-I.C.)
| | - Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.F.A.M.Z.); (W.N.W.I.); (K.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (S.M.M.F.); (C.-H.K.)
| | - Norzalina Zakaria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.F.A.M.Z.); (W.N.W.I.); (K.S.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Noraini Abu Bakar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.F.A.M.Z.); (W.N.W.I.); (K.S.)
| | - Johnson Stanslas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Tae-Ik Choi
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (P.S.); (T.-I.C.)
| | - Cheol-Hee Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (P.S.); (T.-I.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.M.F.); (C.-H.K.)
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Abd Rashid NA, Lau BF, Kue CS. Differential toxicity and teratogenic effects of the hot water and cold water extracts of Lignosusrhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden sclerotium on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114787. [PMID: 34756971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The sclerotium of Lignosusrhinocerus (Cooke) Ryvarden is highly valued for its purported medicinal properties. The decoction and macerated materials prepared from the sclerotium are used for treating cancer and other ailments based on extensive traditional knowledge. Scientific evidence from in vitro cytototoxicity, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory analyses showed the effectiveness of sclerotial water extracts but toxicity assessment of such preparations has not been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to compare the differential toxicity and teratogenicity (if any) of the hot water (HW) and cold water (CW) extracts of both wild and cultivated sclerotium on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zebrafish embryos were treated with varying concentrations of the sclerotial HW and CW extracts (0.3-500 μg/mL) for 72 h until hatching. The hatching, mortality and heartbeat rate of the embryos as well as the potential teratogenic effect of the extracts were assessed in embryos post-treatment with the extracts. RESULTS While the sclerotial HW extracts were nontoxic (LC50 > 500 μg/mL), the sclerotial CW extracts delayed the hatching of the embryos up to 48 h and showed slight toxicity with LC50 values of 398.4 μg/mL and 428.3 μg/mL for the cultivated and wild sclerotium, respectively. The sclerotial CW extracts also induced minor tachycardia in zebrafish larvae. Phenotypic assessment revealed that, while yolk sac edema was observed at high concentrations (300 and 500 μg/mL) of all extracts, curved trunk and bent tail were only observed in the embryos treated with CW extracts of wild sclerotium (300 and 500 μg/mL) but not for CW extracts of cultivated sclerotium at similar concentrations. CONCLUSION The sclerotial water extracts of L.rhinocerus prepared using different methods have varying degree of toxicity and teratogenicity in zebrafish embryos with the sclerotial CW extracts showed higher toxicity than the HW extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ayuni Abd Rashid
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Beng Fye Lau
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chin Siang Kue
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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An Overview of Zebrafish Modeling Methods in Drug Discovery and Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1387:145-169. [PMID: 34961915 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies are recognized as a significant step forward in the bridging between drug discovery and clinical applications. Animal models, due to their relative genetic, molecular, physiological, and even anatomical similarities to humans, can provide a suitable platform for unraveling the mechanisms underlying human diseases and discovering new therapeutic approaches as well. Recently, zebrafish has attracted attention as a valuable experimental and pharmacological model in drug discovery and development studies due to its prominent characteristics such as the high degree of genetic similarity with humans, genetic manipulability, and prominent clinical features. Since advancing a theory to a valid and reliable observation requires the manipulation of animals, it is, therefore, essential to use efficient modeling methods appropriate to the different aspects of experimental conditions. In this context, applying several various approaches such as using chemicals, pathogens, and genetic manipulation approaches allows zebrafish development into a preferable model that mimics some human disease pathophysiology. Thus, such modeling approaches not only can provide a framework for a comprehensive understanding of the human disease mechanisms that have a counterpart in zebrafish but also can pave the way for discovering new drugs that are accompanied by higher amelioration effects on different human diseases.
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Murray KN, Clark TS, Kebus MJ, Kent ML. Specific Pathogen Free - A review of strategies in agriculture, aquaculture, and laboratory mammals and how they inform new recommendations for laboratory zebrafish. Res Vet Sci 2021; 142:78-93. [PMID: 34864461 PMCID: PMC9120263 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Specific pathogen-free (SPF) animals are bred and managed to exclude pathogens associated with significant morbidity or mortality that may secondarily pose a risk to public health, food safety and food security, and research replicability. Generating and maintaining SPF animals requires detailed biosecurity planning for control of housing, environmental, and husbandry factors and a history of regimented pathogen testing. Successful programs involve comprehensive risk analysis and exclusion protocols that are rooted in a thorough understanding of pathogen lifecycle and modes of transmission. In this manuscript we review the current state of SPF in domestic agriculture (pigs and poultry), aquaculture (salmonids and shrimp), and small laboratory mammals. As the use of laboratory fish, especially zebrafish (Danio rerio), as models of human disease is expanding exponentially, it is prudent to define standards for SPF in this field. We use the guiding principles from other SPF industries and evaluate zebrafish pathogens against criteria to be on an SPF list, to propose recommendations for establishing and maintaining SPF laboratory zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina N Murray
- Zebrafish International Resource Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - Tannia S Clark
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Myron J Kebus
- Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection, Madison, WI 53708, USA
| | - Michael L Kent
- Zebrafish International Resource Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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7
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Formosa MM, Bergen DJM, Gregson CL, Maurizi A, Kämpe A, Garcia-Giralt N, Zhou W, Grinberg D, Ovejero Crespo D, Zillikens MC, Williams GR, Bassett JHD, Brandi ML, Sangiorgi L, Balcells S, Högler W, Van Hul W, Mäkitie O. A Roadmap to Gene Discoveries and Novel Therapies in Monogenic Low and High Bone Mass Disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:709711. [PMID: 34539568 PMCID: PMC8444146 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.709711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic disorders of the skeleton encompass a diverse group of bone diseases differing in clinical characteristics, severity, incidence and molecular etiology. Of particular interest are the monogenic rare bone mass disorders, with the underlying genetic defect contributing to either low or high bone mass phenotype. Extensive, deep phenotyping coupled with high-throughput, cost-effective genotyping is crucial in the characterization and diagnosis of affected individuals. Massive parallel sequencing efforts have been instrumental in the discovery of novel causal genes that merit functional validation using in vitro and ex vivo cell-based techniques, and in vivo models, mainly mice and zebrafish. These translational models also serve as an excellent platform for therapeutic discovery, bridging the gap between basic science research and the clinic. Altogether, genetic studies of monogenic rare bone mass disorders have broadened our knowledge on molecular signaling pathways coordinating bone development and metabolism, disease inheritance patterns, development of new and improved bone biomarkers, and identification of novel drug targets. In this comprehensive review we describe approaches to further enhance the innovative processes taking discoveries from clinic to bench, and then back to clinic in rare bone mass disorders. We highlight the importance of cross laboratory collaboration to perform functional validation in multiple model systems after identification of a novel disease gene. We describe the monogenic forms of rare low and high rare bone mass disorders known to date, provide a roadmap to unravel the genetic determinants of monogenic rare bone mass disorders using proper phenotyping and genotyping methods, and describe different genetic validation approaches paving the way for future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Formosa
- Department of Applied Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Dylan J. M. Bergen
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- The Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Celia L. Gregson
- The Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Maurizi
- Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnological, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Anders Kämpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia Garcia-Giralt
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Grinberg
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Ovejero Crespo
- IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Graham R. Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. H. Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Luisa Brandi
- Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine (M.L.B.), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Skeletal Rare Diseases, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Balcells
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wim Van Hul
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
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Rzepnikowska W, Kochański A. Models for IGHMBP2-associated diseases: an overview and a roadmap for the future. Neuromuscul Disord 2021; 31:1266-1278. [PMID: 34785121 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Models are practical tools with which to establish the basic aspects of a diseases. They allow systematic research into the significance of mutations, of cellular and molecular pathomechanisms, of therapeutic options and of functions of diseases associated proteins. Thus, disease models are an integral part of the study of enigmatic proteins such as immunoglobulin mu-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2). IGHMBP2 has been well defined as a helicase, however there is little known about its role in cellular processes. Notably, it is unclear why changes in such an abundant protein lead to specific neuronal disorders including spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2S (CMT2S). SMARD1 is caused by a loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord that results in muscle atrophy and is accompanied by rapid respiratory failure. In contrast, CMT2S manifests as a severe neuropathy, but typically without critical breathing problems. Here, we present the clinical manifestation of IGHMBP2 mutations, function of protein and models that may be used for the study of IGHMBP2-associated disorders. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of specific models and discuss the orthologs of IGHMBP2 that are found in different systems with regard to their similarity to human IGHMBP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Rzepnikowska
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Kochański
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
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9
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Miao KZ, Kim GY, Meara GK, Qin X, Feng H. Tipping the Scales With Zebrafish to Understand Adaptive Tumor Immunity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660969. [PMID: 34095125 PMCID: PMC8173129 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The future of improved immunotherapy against cancer depends on an in-depth understanding of the dynamic interactions between the immune system and tumors. Over the past two decades, the zebrafish has served as a valuable model system to provide fresh insights into both the development of the immune system and the etiologies of many different cancers. This well-established foundation of knowledge combined with the imaging and genetic capacities of the zebrafish provides a new frontier in cancer immunology research. In this review, we provide an overview of the development of the zebrafish immune system along with a side-by-side comparison of its human counterpart. We then introduce components of the adaptive immune system with a focus on their roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of teleosts. In addition, we summarize zebrafish models developed for the study of cancer and adaptive immunity along with other available tools and technology afforded by this experimental system. Finally, we discuss some recent research conducted using the zebrafish to investigate adaptive immune cell-tumor interactions. Without a doubt, the zebrafish will arise as one of the driving forces to help expand the knowledge of tumor immunity and facilitate the development of improved anti-cancer immunotherapy in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Z Miao
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Grace Y Kim
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Grace K Meara
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hui Feng
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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10
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Bosse GD, Urcino C, Watkins M, Flórez Salcedo P, Kozel S, Chase K, Cabang A, Espino SS, Safavi-Hemami H, Raghuraman S, Olivera BM, Peterson RT, Gajewiak J. Discovery of a Potent Conorfamide from Conus episcopatus Using a Novel Zebrafish Larvae Assay. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1232-1243. [PMID: 33764053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural products such as conotoxins have tremendous potential as tools for biomedical research and for the treatment of different human diseases. Conotoxins are peptides present in the venoms of predatory cone snails that have a rich diversity of pharmacological functions. One of the major bottlenecks in natural products research is the rapid identification and evaluation of bioactive molecules. To overcome this limitation, we designed a set of light-induced behavioral assays in zebrafish larvae to screen for bioactive conotoxins. We used this screening approach to test several unique conotoxins derived from different cone snail clades and discovered that a conorfamide from Conus episcopatus, CNF-Ep1, had the most dramatic alterations in the locomotor behavior of zebrafish larvae. Interestingly, CNF-Ep1 is also bioactive in several mouse assay systems when tested in vitro and in vivo. Our novel screening platform can thus accelerate the identification of bioactive marine natural products, and the first compound discovered using this assay has intriguing properties that may uncover novel neuronal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Bosse
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 201 Skaggs Hall 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Cristoval Urcino
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Maren Watkins
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Paula Flórez Salcedo
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, 20 S 2030 E, BPRB 490D, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Sabrina Kozel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Kevin Chase
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - April Cabang
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Samuel S Espino
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Helena Safavi-Hemami
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, 15 N Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, Copenhagen N DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Shrinivasan Raghuraman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Baldomero M Olivera
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Randall T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, 201 Skaggs Hall 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Joanna Gajewiak
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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11
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Vedder VL, Aherrahrou Z, Erdmann J. Dare to Compare. Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Human, Mouse, and Zebrafish. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:109. [PMID: 32714944 PMCID: PMC7344238 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of death worldwide. Although mice are currently the most commonly used model for atherosclerosis, zebrafish are emerging as an alternative, especially for inflammatory and lipid metabolism studies. Here, we review the history of in vivo atherosclerosis models and highlight the potential for future studies on inflammatory responses in lipid deposits in zebrafish, based on known immune reactions in humans and mice, in anticipation of new zebrafish models with more advanced atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana L Vedder
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Zouhair Aherrahrou
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Heart Centre Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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12
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Campbell PD, Granato M. Zebrafish as a tool to study schizophrenia-associated copy number variants. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:dmm043877. [PMID: 32433025 PMCID: PMC7197721 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.043877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia remains one of the most debilitating human neurodevelopmental disorders, with few effective treatments and striking consequences felt by individuals, communities and society as a whole. As such, there remains a critical need for further investigation into the mechanistic underpinnings of schizophrenia so that novel therapeutic targets can be identified. Because schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder, genetic risk factors remain an attractive avenue for this research. Given their clear molecular genetic consequences, recurrent microdeletions and duplications, or copy number variants (CNVs), represent one of the most tractable genetic entry points to elucidating these mechanisms. To date, eight CNVs have been shown to significantly increase the risk of schizophrenia. Although rodent models of these CNVs that exhibit behavioral phenotypes have been generated, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive. Over the past decades, the zebrafish has emerged as a powerful vertebrate model that has led to fundamental discoveries in developmental neurobiology and behavioral genetics. Here, we review the attributes that make zebrafish exceptionally well suited to investigating individual and combinatorial gene contributions to CNV-mediated brain dysfunction in schizophrenia. With highly conserved genetics and neural substrates, an ever-expanding molecular genetic and imaging toolkit, and ability to perform high-throughput and high-content genetic and pharmacologic screens, zebrafish is poised to generate deep insights into the molecular genetic mechanisms of schizophrenia-associated neurodevelopmental and behavioral deficits, and to facilitate the identification of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael Granato
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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13
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Ohnesorge N, Sasore T, Hillary D, Alvarez Y, Carey M, Kennedy BN. Orthogonal Drug Pooling Enhances Phenotype-Based Discovery of Ocular Antiangiogenic Drugs in Zebrafish Larvae. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:508. [PMID: 31178719 PMCID: PMC6544088 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Unbiased screening of large randomized chemical libraries in vivo is a powerful tool to find new drugs and targets. However, forward chemical screens in zebrafish can be time consuming and usually >99% of test compounds have no significant effect on the desired phenotype. Here, we sought to find bioactive drugs more efficiently and to comply with the 3R principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement of animals in research. We investigated if pooling of drugs to simultaneously test 8–10 compounds in zebrafish larvae can increase the screening efficiency of an established assay that identifies drugs inhibiting developmental angiogenesis in the eye. In a phenotype-based screen, we tested 1,760 small molecule compounds from the ChemBridge DIVERSet™ chemical library for their ability to inhibit the formation of distinct primary hyaloid vessels in the eye. Applying orthogonal pooling of the chemical library, we treated zebrafish embryos from 3 to 5 days post fertilization with pools of 8 or 10 compounds at 10 μM each. This reduced the number of tests from 1,760 to 396. In 63% of cases, treatment showed sub-threshold effects of <40% reduction of primary hyaloid vessels. From 18 pool hits, we identified eight compounds that reduce hyaloid vessels in the larval zebrafish eye by at least 40%. Compound 4-[4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenoxy]aniline ranked as the most promising candidate with reproducible and dose-dependent effects. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a self-deconvoluting matrix strategy applied to drug screening in zebrafish. We conclude that the orthogonal drug pooling strategy is a cost-effective, time-saving, and unbiased approach to discover novel inhibitors of developmental angiogenesis in the eye. Ultimately, this approach may identify new drugs or targets to mitigate disease caused by pathological angiogenesis in the eye, e.g., diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration, wherein blood vessel growth and leaky vessels lead to vision impairment or clinical blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ohnesorge
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Temitope Sasore
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel Hillary
- School of Mathematics & Statistics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yolanda Alvarez
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Carey
- School of Mathematics & Statistics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Breandán N Kennedy
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, and UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Tan P, Lau B, Krishnasamy G, Ng M, Husin L, Ruslan N, Song D, Velaithan V, Okuda K, Patel V. Zebrafish embryonic development-interfering macrolides from Streptomyces californicus impact growth and mitochondrial function in human colorectal cancer cells. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Letrado P, de Miguel I, Lamberto I, Díez-Martínez R, Oyarzabal J. Zebrafish: Speeding Up the Cancer Drug Discovery Process. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6048-6058. [PMID: 30327381 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an ideal in vivo model to study a wide variety of human cancer types. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of zebrafish in the cancer drug discovery process, from (i) approaches to induce malignant tumors, (ii) techniques to monitor cancer progression, and (iii) strategies for compound administration to (iv) a compilation of the 355 existing case studies showing the impact of zebrafish models on cancer drug discovery, which cover a broad scope of scenarios. Finally, based on the current state-of-the-art analysis, this review presents some highlights about future directions using zebrafish in cancer drug discovery and the potential of this model as a prognostic tool in prospective clinical studies. Cancer Res; 78(21); 6048-58. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Letrado
- Ikan Biotech SL, The Zebrafish Lab Department, Centro Europeo de Empresas e Innovación de Navarra (CEIN), Noain, Spain.,Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene de Miguel
- Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iranzu Lamberto
- Ikan Biotech SL, The Zebrafish Lab Department, Centro Europeo de Empresas e Innovación de Navarra (CEIN), Noain, Spain
| | - Roberto Díez-Martínez
- Ikan Biotech SL, The Zebrafish Lab Department, Centro Europeo de Empresas e Innovación de Navarra (CEIN), Noain, Spain.
| | - Julen Oyarzabal
- Small Molecule Discovery Platform, Molecular Therapeutics Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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16
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Howe DG, Blake JA, Bradford YM, Bult CJ, Calvi BR, Engel SR, Kadin JA, Kaufman TC, Kishore R, Laulederkind SJF, Lewis SE, Moxon SAT, Richardson JE, Smith C. Model organism data evolving in support of translational medicine. Lab Anim (NY) 2018; 47:277-289. [PMID: 30224793 PMCID: PMC6322546 DOI: 10.1038/s41684-018-0150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Model organism databases (MODs) have been collecting and integrating biomedical research data for 30 years and were designed to meet specific needs of each model organism research community. The contributions of model organism research to understanding biological systems would be hard to overstate. Modern molecular biology methods and cost reductions in nucleotide sequencing have opened avenues for direct application of model organism research to elucidating mechanisms of human diseases. Thus, the mandate for model organism research and databases has now grown to include facilitating use of these data in translational applications. Challenges in meeting this opportunity include the distribution of research data across many databases and websites, a lack of data format standards for some data types, and sustainability of scale and cost for genomic database resources like MODs. The issues of widely distributed data and application of data standards are some of the challenges addressed by FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Re-usable) data principles. The Alliance of Genome Resources is now moving to address these challenges by bringing together expertly curated research data from fly, mouse, rat, worm, yeast, zebrafish, and the Gene Ontology consortium. Centralized multi-species data access, integration, and format standardization will lower the data utilization barrier in comparative genomics and translational applications and will provide a framework in which sustainable scale and cost can be addressed. This article presents a brief historical perspective on how the Alliance model organisms are complementary and how they have already contributed to understanding the etiology of human diseases. In addition, we discuss four challenges for using data from MODs in translational applications and how the Alliance is working to address them, in part by applying FAIR data principles. Ultimately, combined data from these animal models are more powerful than the sum of the parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas G Howe
- The Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
| | | | - Yvonne M Bradford
- The Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | | | - Brian R Calvi
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Stacia R Engel
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Ranjana Kishore
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Stanley J F Laulederkind
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Suzanna E Lewis
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sierra A T Moxon
- The Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
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17
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Abstract
No therapies have been shown to improve outcomes in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with AKI this represents an important unmet medical need. A common feature of all of the therapeutic development efforts for AKI is that none were driven by target selection or preclinical modeling that was based primarily on human data. This is important when considering a heterogeneous and dynamic condition such as AKI, in which in the absence of more accurate molecular classifications, clinical cohorts are likely to include patients with different types of injury at different stages in the injury and repair continuum. The National Institutes of Health precision medicine initiative offers an opportunity to address this. By creating a molecular tissue atlas of AKI, defining patient subgroups, and identifying critical cells and pathways involved in human AKI, this initiative has the potential to transform our current approach to therapeutic discovery. In this review, we discuss the opportunities and challenges that this initiative presents, with a specific focus on AKI, what additional efforts will be needed to apply these discoveries to therapeutic development, and how we believe this effort might lead to the development of new therapeutics for subsets of patients with AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark de Caestecker
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Raymond Harris
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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18
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Bradford YM, Toro S, Ramachandran S, Ruzicka L, Howe DG, Eagle A, Kalita P, Martin R, Taylor Moxon SA, Schaper K, Westerfield M. Zebrafish Models of Human Disease: Gaining Insight into Human Disease at ZFIN. ILAR J 2017; 58:4-16. [PMID: 28838067 PMCID: PMC5886338 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilw040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zebrafish Model Organism Database (ZFIN; https://zfin.org) is the central resource for genetic, genomic, and phenotypic data for zebrafish (Danio rerio) research. ZFIN continuously assesses trends in zebrafish research, adding new data types and providing data repositories and tools that members of the research community can use to navigate data. The many research advantages and flexibility of manipulation of zebrafish have made them an increasingly attractive animal to model and study human disease.To facilitate disease-related research, ZFIN developed support to provide human disease information as well as annotation of zebrafish models of human disease. Human disease term pages at ZFIN provide information about disease names, synonyms, and references to other databases as well as a list of publications reporting studies of human diseases in which zebrafish were used. Zebrafish orthologs of human genes that are implicated in human disease etiology are routinely studied to provide an understanding of the molecular basis of disease. Therefore, a list of human genes involved in the disease with their corresponding zebrafish ortholog is displayed on the disease page, with links to additional information regarding the genes and existing mutations. Studying human disease often requires the use of models that recapitulate some or all of the pathologies observed in human diseases. Access to information regarding existing and published models can be critical, because they provide a tractable way to gain insight into the phenotypic outcomes of the disease. ZFIN annotates zebrafish models of human disease and supports retrieval of these published models by listing zebrafish models on the disease term page as well as by providing search interfaces and data download files to access the data. The improvements ZFIN has made to annotate, display, and search data related to human disease, especially zebrafish models for disease and disease-associated gene information, should be helpful to researchers and clinicians considering the use of zebrafish to study human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne M. Bradford
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Sabrina Toro
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Sridhar Ramachandran
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Leyla Ruzicka
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Douglas G. Howe
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Anne Eagle
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Patrick Kalita
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Ryan Martin
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Sierra A. Taylor Moxon
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Kevin Schaper
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
| | - Monte Westerfield
- Yvonne M. Bradford, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sabrina Toro, PhD, is a scientific curator for the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sridhar Ramachandran, MS, is a scientific curator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Leyla Ruzicka, PhD, is a scientific curator and senior research associate at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database, at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Douglas G. Howe, PhD, is the Data Curation Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Anne Eagle, MSCS, is the Software Development and Project Manager at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Patrick Kalita, MS, is a software developer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Ryan Martin, MS, is a systems administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Sierra A. Taylor Moxon, BA, is the Database Administrator at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Kevin Schaper, BS, is a software engineer at the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon. Monte Westerfield, PhD, is a Professor of Biology in the Institute of Neuroscience and directs the Zebrafish Model Organism Database at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon.
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Hukriede N, Vogt A, de Caestecker M. Drug Discovery to Halt the Progression of Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case for Phenotypic Drug Discovery in Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2017; 137:268-272. [PMID: 28614822 DOI: 10.1159/000476079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular responses that occur following acute kidney injury (AKI) are complex and dynamic, involving multiple cells types and molecular pathways. For this reason, early selection of defined molecular targets for therapeutic intervention is unlikely to be effective in complex in vivo models of AKI, let alone Phase 3 clinical trials in patients with even more complex AKI pathobiology. Phenotypic screening using zebrafish provides an attractive alternative that does not require prior knowledge of molecular targets and may identify compounds that modify multiple targets that might be missed in more traditional target-based screens. In this review, we discuss results of an academic drug discovery campaign that used zebrafish as a primary screening tool to discover compounds with favorable absorption, metabolism, and toxicity that enhance repair when given late after injury in multiple models of AKI. We discuss how this screening campaign is being integrated into a more comprehensive, phenotypic, and target-based screen for lead compound optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Hukriede
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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