1
|
Segbefia SP, Asandem DA, Amoah LE, Kusi KA. Cytokine gene polymorphisms implicated in the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum infection outcome. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1285411. [PMID: 38404582 PMCID: PMC10884311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1285411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokines play a critical role in the immune mechanisms involved in fighting infections including malaria. Polymorphisms in cytokine genes may affect immune responses during an infection with Plasmodium parasites and immunization outcomes during routine administration of malaria vaccines. These polymorphisms can increase or reduce susceptibility to this deadly infection, and this may affect the physiologically needed balance between anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of the effect of selected cytokine gene polymorphisms on immune responses against malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selorm Philip Segbefia
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Diana Asema Asandem
- Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Linda Eva Amoah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang W, Wang L, Zhang Y, Li H. Identification and verification of novel immune-related ferroptosis signature with excellent prognostic predictive and clinical guidance value in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Genet 2023; 14:1112744. [PMID: 37671041 PMCID: PMC10475594 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1112744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunity and ferroptosis often play a synergistic role in the progression and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few studies have focused on identifying immune-related ferroptosis gene biomarkers. Methods: We performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and random forest to identify prognostic differentially expressed immune-related genes (PR-DE-IRGs) highly related to HCC and characteristic prognostic differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (PR-DE-FRGs) respectively to run co-expression analysis for prognostic differentially expressed immune-related ferroptosis characteristic genes (PR-DE-IRFeCGs). Lasso regression finally identified 3 PR-DE-IRFeCGs for us to construct a prognostic predictive model. Differential expression and prognostic analysis based on shared data from multiple sources and experimental means were performed to further verify the 3 modeled genes' biological value in HCC. We ran various performance testing methods to test the model's performance and compare it with other similar signatures. Finally, we integrated composite factors to construct a comprehensive quantitative nomogram for accurate prognostic prediction and evaluated its performance. Results: 17 PR-DE-IRFeCGs were identified based on co-expression analysis between the screened 17 PR-DE-FRGs and 34 PR-DE-IRGs. Multi-source sequencing data, QRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining and testing methods fully confirmed the upregulation and significant prognostic influence of the three PR-DE-IRFeCGs in HCC. The model performed well in the performance tests of multiple methods based on the 5 cohorts. Furthermore, our model outperformed other related models in various performance tests. The immunotherapy and chemotherapy guiding value of our signature and the comprehensive nomogram's excellent performance have also stood the test. Conclusion: We identified a novel PR-DE-IRFeCGs signature with excellent prognostic prediction and clinical guidance value in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajuan Zhang
- General Medicine, Pingjiang Xincheng Community Health Service Center, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Medeiros CMP, Moreira EUM, Pires CV, Torres LM, Guimarães LFF, Alves JRS, Lima BAS, Fontes CJF, Costa HL, Brito CFA, Sousa TN, Ntumngia FB, Adams JH, Kano FS, Carvalho LH. Dynamics of IgM and IgG responses to the next generation of engineered Duffy binding protein II immunogen: Strain-specific and strain-transcending immune responses over a nine-year period. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232786. [PMID: 32379804 PMCID: PMC7205269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A low proportion of P. vivax-exposed individuals acquire protective strain-transcending neutralizing IgG antibodies that are able to block the interaction between the Duffy binding protein II (DBPII) and its erythrocyte-specific invasion receptor. In a recent study, a novel surface-engineered DBPII-based vaccine termed DEKnull-2, whose antibody response target conserved DBPII epitopes, was able to induce broadly binding-inhibitory IgG antibodies (BIAbs) that inhibit P. vivax reticulocyte invasion. Toward the development of DEKnull-2 as an effective P. vivax blood-stage vaccine, we investigate the relationship between naturally acquired DBPII-specific IgM response and the profile of IgG antibodies/BIAbs activity over time. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A nine-year follow-up study was carried-out among long-term P. vivax-exposed Amazonian individuals and included six cross-sectional surveys at periods of high and low malaria transmission. DBPII immune responses associated with either strain-specific (Sal1, natural DBPII variant circulating in the study area) or conserved epitopes (DEKnull-2) were monitored by conventional serology (ELISA-detected IgM and IgG antibodies), with IgG BIAbs activity evaluated by functional assays (in vitro inhibition of DBPII-erythrocyte binding). The results showed a tendency of IgM antibodies toward Sal1-specific response; the profile of Sal1 over DEKnull-2 was not associated with acute malaria and sustained throughout the observation period. The low malaria incidence in two consecutive years allowed us to demonstrate that variant-specific IgG (but not IgM) antibodies waned over time, which resulted in IgG skewed to the DEKnull-2 response. A persistent DBPII-specific IgM response was not associated with the presence (or absence) of broadly neutralizing IgG antibody response. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The current study demonstrates that long-term exposure to low and unstable levels of P. vivax transmission led to a sustained DBPII-specific IgM response against variant-specific epitopes, while sustained IgG responses are skewed to conserved epitopes. Further studies should investigate on the role of a stable and persistent IgM antibody response in the immune response mediated by DBPII.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila M. P. Medeiros
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Camilla V. Pires
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Letícia M. Torres
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bárbara A. S. Lima
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cor J. F. Fontes
- Hospital Júlio Muller, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Helena L. Costa
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Tais N. Sousa
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Francis B. Ntumngia
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - John H. Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Flora S. Kano
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LHC); (FSK)
| | - Luzia H. Carvalho
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/FIOCRUZ Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LHC); (FSK)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Antonelli LR, Junqueira C, Vinetz JM, Golenbock DT, Ferreira MU, Gazzinelli RT. The immunology of Plasmodium vivax malaria. Immunol Rev 2019; 293:163-189. [PMID: 31642531 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax infection, the predominant cause of malaria in Asia and Latin America, affects ~14 million individuals annually, with considerable adverse effects on wellbeing and socioeconomic development. A clinical hallmark of Plasmodium infection, the paroxysm, is driven by pyrogenic cytokines produced during the immune response. Here, we review studies on the role of specific immune cell types, cognate innate immune receptors, and inflammatory cytokines on parasite control and disease symptoms. This review also summarizes studies on recurrent infections in individuals living in endemic regions as well as asymptomatic infections, a serious barrier to eliminating this disease. We propose potential mechanisms behind these repeated and subclinical infections, such as poor induction of immunological memory cells and inefficient T effector cells. We address the role of antibody-mediated resistance to P. vivax infection and discuss current progress in vaccine development. Finally, we review immunoregulatory mechanisms, such as inhibitory receptors, T regulatory cells, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, that antagonizes both innate and acquired immune responses, interfering with the development of protective immunity and parasite clearance. These studies provide new insights for the clinical management of symptomatic as well as asymptomatic individuals and the development of an efficacious vaccine for vivax malaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lis R Antonelli
- Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Caroline Junqueira
- Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Joseph M Vinetz
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Douglas T Golenbock
- Division of Infectious Disease and immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marcelo U Ferreira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Instituto de Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Disease and immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pires CV, Alves JRS, Lima BAS, Paula RB, Costa HL, Torres LM, Sousa TN, Soares IS, Sanchez BAM, Fontes CJF, Ntumngia FB, Adams JH, Kano FS, Carvalho LH. Blood-stage Plasmodium vivax antibody dynamics in a low transmission setting: A nine year follow-up study in the Amazon region. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207244. [PMID: 30419071 PMCID: PMC6231651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax remains a global health problem and its ability to cause relapses and subpatent infections challenge control and elimination strategies. Even in low malaria transmission settings, such as the Amazon basin, where progress in malaria control has caused a remarkable reduction in case incidence, a recent increase in P. vivax transmission demonstrates the continued vulnerability of P.vivax-exposed populations. As part of a search for complementary approaches to P.vivax surveillance in areas in which adults are the majority of the exposed-population, here we evaluated the potential of serological markers covering a wide range of immunogenicity to estimate malaria transmission trends. For this, antibodies against leading P. vivax blood-stage vaccine candidates were assessed during a 9 year follow-up study among adults exposed to unstable malaria transmission in the Amazon rainforest. Circulating antibody levels against immunogenic P. vivax proteins, such as the Apical Membrane Antigen-1, were a sensitive measure of recent P. vivax exposure, while antibodies against less immunogenic proteins were indicative of naturally-acquired immunity, including the novel engineered Duffy binding protein II immunogen (DEKnull-2). Our results suggest that the robustness of serology to estimate trends in P.vivax malaria transmission will depend on the immunological background of the study population, and that for adult populations exposed to unstable P.vivax malaria transmission, the local heterogeneity of antibody responses should be considered when considering use of serological surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla V. Pires
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ruth B. Paula
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helena L. Costa
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Taís N. Sousa
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Irene S. Soares
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno A. M. Sanchez
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus Sinop, Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Cor J. F. Fontes
- Hospital Júlio Muller, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Francis B. Ntumngia
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - John H. Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Global Health, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Flora S. Kano
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LHC); (FSK)
| | - Luzia H. Carvalho
- Instituto René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LHC); (FSK)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
López C, Yepes-Pérez Y, Hincapié-Escobar N, Díaz-Arévalo D, Patarroyo MA. What Is Known about the Immune Response Induced by Plasmodium vivax Malaria Vaccine Candidates? Front Immunol 2017; 8:126. [PMID: 28243235 PMCID: PMC5304258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax continues being one of the most important infectious diseases around the world; P. vivax is the second most prevalent species and has the greatest geographic distribution. Developing an effective antimalarial vaccine is considered a relevant control strategy in the search for means of preventing the disease. Studying parasite-expressed proteins, which are essential in host cell invasion, has led to identifying the regions recognized by individuals who are naturally exposed to infection. Furthermore, immunogenicity studies have revealed that such regions can trigger a robust immune response that can inhibit sporozoite (hepatic stage) or merozoite (erythrocyte stage) invasion of a host cell and induce protection. This review provides a synthesis of the most important studies to date concerning the antigenicity and immunogenicity of both synthetic peptide and recombinant protein candidates for a vaccine against malaria produced by P. vivax.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina López
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Immunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia; PhD Programme in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Yoelis Yepes-Pérez
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Immunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia; MSc Programme in Microbiology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Hincapié-Escobar
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Immunología de Colombia (FIDIC) , Bogotá , Colombia
| | - Diana Díaz-Arévalo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Immunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales (UDCA), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuel A Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Immunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia; Basic Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frequency of TNFA, INFG, and IL10 Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association with Malaria Vivax and Genomic Ancestry. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5168363. [PMID: 27999453 PMCID: PMC5143728 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5168363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms in cytokine genes can alter the production of these proteins and consequently affect the immune response. The trihybrid heterogeneity of the Brazilian population is characterized as a condition for the use of ancestry informative markers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of -1031T>C, -308G>A and -238G>A TNFA, +874 A>T IFNG and -819C>T, and -592C>A IL10 gene polymorphisms and their association with malaria vivax and genomic ancestry. Samples from 90 vivax malaria-infected individuals and 51 noninfected individuals from northern Brazil were evaluated. Genotyping was carried out by using ASO-PCR or PCR/RFLP. The genomic ancestry of the individuals was classified using 48 insertion/deletion polymorphism biallelic markers. There were no differences in the proportions of African, European, and Native American ancestry between men and women. No significant association was observed for the allele and genotype frequencies of the 6 SNPs between malaria-infected and noninfected individuals. However, there was a trend toward decreasing the frequency of individuals carrying the TNF-308A allele with the increasing proportion of European ancestry. No ethnic-specific SNPs were identified, and there was no allelic or genotype association with susceptibility or resistance to vivax malaria. Understanding the genomic mechanisms by which ancestry influences this association is critical and requires further study.
Collapse
|
8
|
Saha A, Chauhan S, Bagchi T. Effect of recombinant malarial antigen on monocyte functionality. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2016; 110:480-6. [PMID: 27618921 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trw049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant proteins and vaccine candidates of Plasmodium vivax have met with limited success. One of the reasons could be their effect on monocytes which are important in malaria pathogenesis. Our aim was therefore to investigate the effect of selected recombinant malarial proteins on monocytes functions. METHODS Phagocytosis rate and respiratory burst of healthy individuals' monocytes treated with antigens were examined. The homing capacity of monocytes was studied by examining the mRNA level of chemokine receptors from patients and healthy individuals. RESULTS Phagocytosis rate was reduced in antigen treated monocytes whereas nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction was more in apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) and merozoite surface protein-7 (MSP7) treated than in untreated and von Willebrand factor A domain-related protein (WARP) treated monocytes. Patient monocytes showed higher mRNA expression for CCR2 and CX3CR1 and reduced levels for CCR7 and CXCR4. AMA-1 and WARP treated monocytes showed lower expression for CCR2, CX3CR1 and CXCR4, but unchanged for CCR7. However, with MSP7, all the receptor levels were reduced. CX3CR1 in monocytes from activated PBMCs was either unchanged (AMA-1) or increased (MSP7, WARP) while remaining receptors were reduced. CONCLUSIONS These antigens may modulate the monocyte functionality and hence may not have desired therapeutic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Saha
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara- 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Sejal Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara- 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Tamishraha Bagchi
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara- 390 002, Gujarat, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Furini AAC, Capobianco MP, Storti-Melo LM, Cunha MG, Cassiano GC, Machado RLD. Cytokine gene polymorphisms are not associated with anti-PvDBP, anti-PvAMA-1 or anti-PvMSP-119 IgG antibody levels in a malaria-endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon. Malar J 2016; 15:374. [PMID: 27435973 PMCID: PMC4952271 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The immune response against Plasmodium vivax immunogenic epitopes is regulated by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines that determine antibody levels and class switching. Cytokine gene polymorphisms may be responsible for changes in the humoral immune response against malaria. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the TNFA, IFNG and IL10 genes would alter the levels of anti-PvAMA1, PvDBP and -PvMSP-119 IgG antibodies in patients with vivax malaria. Methods Samples from 90 vivax malaria-infected and 51 uninfected subjects from an endemic area of the Brazilian Amazon were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) to identify polymorphisms of the genes TNFA (−1031T > C, −308G > A, −238G > A), IFNG (+874T > A) and IL10 (−819C > T, −592C > A). The levels of total IgG against PvAMA1, PvDBP and PvMSP-119 were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Associations between the polymorphisms and the antibody response were assessed by means of logistic regression models. Results No significant differences were found in the levels of IgG antibodies against the PvAMA-1, PvDBP or PvMSP-119 proteins in relation to the studied polymorphisms. Conclusions Although no associations were found among the evaluated genotypes and alleles and anti-merozoite IgG class P. vivax antibody levels, this study helps elucidate the immunogenic profile involved in the humoral immune response in malaria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-016-1414-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A C Furini
- Department of Dermatology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcela P Capobianco
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciane M Storti-Melo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Maristela G Cunha
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA), Belém, State of Pará (PA), Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Cassiano
- Laboratory of Tropical Diseases-Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz D Machado
- Department of Dermatology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, São José do Rio Preto Medical School, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Basic Research in Malaria, Section of Parasitology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Belém, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|