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Falck J, Zhang L, Raffington L, Mohn JJ, Triesch J, Heim C, Shing YL. Hippocampus and striatum show distinct contributions to longitudinal changes in value-based learning in middle childhood. eLife 2024; 12:RP89483. [PMID: 38953517 PMCID: PMC11219037 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The hippocampal-dependent memory system and striatal-dependent memory system modulate reinforcement learning depending on feedback timing in adults, but their contributions during development remain unclear. In a 2-year longitudinal study, 6-to-7-year-old children performed a reinforcement learning task in which they received feedback immediately or with a short delay following their response. Children's learning was found to be sensitive to feedback timing modulations in their reaction time and inverse temperature parameter, which quantifies value-guided decision-making. They showed longitudinal improvements towards more optimal value-based learning, and their hippocampal volume showed protracted maturation. Better delayed model-derived learning covaried with larger hippocampal volume longitudinally, in line with the adult literature. In contrast, a larger striatal volume in children was associated with both better immediate and delayed model-derived learning longitudinally. These findings show, for the first time, an early hippocampal contribution to the dynamic development of reinforcement learning in middle childhood, with neurally less differentiated and more cooperative memory systems than in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Falck
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
| | - Lei Zhang
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Centre for Developmental Science, School of Psychology, University of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
- Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience Unit, Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Laurel Raffington
- Max Planck Research Group Biosocial, Max Planck Institute for Human DevelopmentBerlinGermany
| | - Johannes Julius Mohn
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical PsychologyBerlinGermany
- Max Planck School of Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
| | - Jochen Triesch
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS)Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Christine Heim
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical PsychologyBerlinGermany
- Center for Safe & Healthy Children, The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkUnited States
| | - Yee Lee Shing
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurtGermany
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2
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Buchberger ES, Joechner AK, Ngo CT, Lindenberger U, Werkle-Bergner M. Age differences in generalization, memory specificity, and their overnight fate in childhood. Child Dev 2024; 95:e270-e286. [PMID: 38516813 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Memory enables generalization to new situations, and memory specificity that preserves individual episodes. This study investigated generalization, memory specificity, and their overnight fate in 141 4- to 8-year-olds (computerized memory game; 71 females, tested 2020-2021 in Germany). The results replicated age effects in generalization and memory specificity, and a contingency of generalization on object conceptual properties and interobject semantic proximity. Age effects were stronger in generalization than in memory specificity, and generalization was more closely linked to the explicit regularity knowledge in older than in younger children. After an overnight delay, older children retained more generalized and specific memories and showed greater gains but only in generalization. These findings reveal distinct age differences in generalization and memory specificity across childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa S Buchberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Joechner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chi T Ngo
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Werkle-Bergner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Ramnauth AD, Tippani M, Divecha HR, Papariello AR, Miller RA, Nelson ED, Pattie EA, Kleinman JE, Maynard KR, Collado-Torres L, Hyde TM, Martinowich K, Hicks SC, Page SC. Spatiotemporal analysis of gene expression in the human dentate gyrus reveals age-associated changes in cellular maturation and neuroinflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.20.567883. [PMID: 38045413 PMCID: PMC10690172 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.567883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is important for many cognitive functions, including learning, memory, and mood. Here, we investigated age-associated changes in transcriptome-wide spatial gene expression in the human dentate gyrus across the lifespan. Genes associated with neurogenesis and the extracellular matrix were enriched in infants, while gene markers of inhibitory neurons and cell proliferation showed increases and decreases in post-infancy, respectively. While we did not find evidence for neural proliferation post-infancy, we did identify molecular signatures supporting protracted maturation of granule cells. We also identified a wide-spread hippocampal aging signature and an age-associated increase in genes related to neuroinflammation. Our findings suggest major changes to the putative neurogenic niche after infancy and identify molecular foci of brain aging in glial and neuropil enriched tissue.
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4
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Thomson AR, Hwa H, Pasanta D, Hopwood B, Powell HJ, Lawrence R, Tabuenca ZG, Arichi T, Edden RAE, Chai X, Puts NA. The developmental trajectory of 1H-MRS brain metabolites from childhood to adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae046. [PMID: 38430105 PMCID: PMC10908220 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human brain development is ongoing throughout childhood, with for example, myelination of nerve fibers and refinement of synaptic connections continuing until early adulthood. 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can be used to quantify the concentrations of endogenous metabolites (e.g. glutamate and γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA)) in the human brain in vivo and so can provide valuable, tractable insight into the biochemical processes that support postnatal neurodevelopment. This can feasibly provide new insight into and aid the management of neurodevelopmental disorders by providing chemical markers of atypical development. This study aims to characterize the normative developmental trajectory of various brain metabolites, as measured by 1H-MRS from a midline posterior parietal voxel. We find significant non-linear trajectories for GABA+ (GABA plus macromolecules), Glx (glutamate + glutamine), total choline (tCho) and total creatine (tCr) concentrations. Glx and GABA+ concentrations steeply decrease across childhood, with more stable trajectories across early adulthood. tCr and tCho concentrations increase from childhood to early adulthood. Total N-acetyl aspartate (tNAA) and Myo-Inositol (mI) concentrations are relatively stable across development. Trajectories likely reflect fundamental neurodevelopmental processes (including local circuit refinement) which occur from childhood to early adulthood and can be associated with cognitive development; we find GABA+ concentrations significantly positively correlate with recognition memory scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice R Thomson
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Hwa
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Duanghathai Pasanta
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Hopwood
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J Powell
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Lawrence
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, 1629 Thames Street Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21231, United States
| | - Zeus G Tabuenca
- Department of Statistical Methods, University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, 1st Floor, South Wing, St Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States
- F.M. Kirby Research Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Xiaoqian Chai
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, QC H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Nicolaas A Puts
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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5
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Skalaban LJ, Chan I, Rapuano KM, Lin Q, Conley MI, Watts RR, Busch EL, Murty VP, Casey BJ. Representational Dissimilarity of Faces and Places during a Working Memory Task is Associated with Subsequent Recognition Memory during Development. J Cogn Neurosci 2024; 36:415-434. [PMID: 38060253 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Nearly 50 years of research has focused on faces as a special visual category, especially during development. Yet it remains unclear how spatial patterns of neural similarity of faces and places relate to how information processing supports subsequent recognition of items from these categories. The current study uses representational similarity analysis and functional imaging data from 9- and 10-year-old youth during an emotional n-back task from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study 3.0 data release to relate spatial patterns of neural similarity during working memory to subsequent out-of-scanner performance on a recognition memory task. Specifically, we examine how similarities in representations within face categories (neutral, happy, and fearful faces) and representations between visual categories (faces and places) relate to subsequent recognition memory of these visual categories. Although working memory performance was higher for faces than places, subsequent recognition memory was greater for places than faces. Representational similarity analysis revealed category-specific patterns in face-and place-sensitive brain regions (fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus) compared with a nonsensitive visual region (pericalcarine cortex). Similarity within face categories and dissimilarity between face and place categories in the parahippocampus was related to better recognition of places from the n-back task. Conversely, in the fusiform, similarity within face categories and their relative dissimilarity from places was associated with better recognition of new faces, but not old faces. These findings highlight how the representational distinctiveness of visual categories influence what information is subsequently prioritized in recognition memory during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena J Skalaban
- Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - Qi Lin
- Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | | | | | - B J Casey
- Yale University, New Haven, CT
- Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, NY
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6
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Coughlin C, Pudhiyidath A, Roome HE, Varga NL, Nguyen KV, Preston AR. Asynchronous development of memory integration and differentiation influences temporal memory organization. Dev Sci 2024; 27:e13437. [PMID: 37608740 PMCID: PMC10884351 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Adults remember items with shared contexts as occurring closer in time to one another than those associated with different contexts, even when their objective temporal distance is fixed. Such temporal memory biases are thought to reflect within-event integration and between-event differentiation processes that organize events according to their contextual similarities and differences, respectively. Within-event integration and between-event differentiation are hypothesized to differentially rely on binding and control processes, which may develop at different ages. To test this hypothesis, 5- to 12-year-olds and adults (N = 134) studied quartets of image pairs that contained either the same scene (same-context) or different scenes (different-context). Participants remembered same-context items as occurring closer in time by older childhood (7-9 years), whereas different-context items were remembered as occurring farther apart by early adolescence (10-12 years). The differential emergence of these temporal memory biases suggests within-event integration and between-event differentiation emerge at different ages. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Children are less likely than adults to use contextual information (e.g., location) to organize their continuous experience in memory, as indicated by temporal memory biases. Biases reflecting within-event integration (i.e., remembering elements with a shared context as occurring closer together in time) emerged in late childhood. Biases reflecting between-event differentiation (i.e., remembering elements from different contexts as occurring farther apart in time) emerged in early adolescence. The differential emergence of biases reflecting within-event integration and between-event differentiation suggests they are distinct, yet complementary, processes that support developmental improvements in event memory organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Athula Pudhiyidath
- Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Hannah E. Roome
- Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Nicole L. Varga
- Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Kim V. Nguyen
- Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Alison R. Preston
- Center for Learning and Memory, University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin
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7
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Gambi C, Lelonkiewicz JR, Crepaldi D. Do Children (and Adults) Benefit From a Prediction Error Boost in One-Shot Word Learning? J Cogn 2024; 7:13. [PMID: 38223230 PMCID: PMC10785960 DOI: 10.5334/joc.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Influential theories and computational models suggest error-based learning plays an important role in language acquisition: Children learn new words by generating predictions about upcoming utterances and revising those predictions when they are erroneous. Critically, revising stronger (rather than weaker) predictions should further enhance learning. Although previously demonstrated in adults, such prediction error boost has not been conclusively shown in children. To close this gap, we tested 107 participants between the ages of 5 and 10. We found little evidence that word learning in this age group benefits from a prediction error boost. Moreover, we also failed to replicate previous evidence for such an effect in adults. Based on a detailed task analysis, we suggest the variation in adult findings may be partly explained by differences in encoding strategies and that, relatedly, the protracted development of the episodic memory system might explain why children do not experience robust benefits from having stronger (rather than weaker) predictions disconfirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Davide Crepaldi
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA), Italy
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8
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Alonso KW, Dahhan NZA, Riggs L, Tseng J, de Medeiros C, Scott M, Laughlin S, Bouffet E, Mabbott DJ. Network connectivity underlying episodic memory in children: Application of a pediatric brain tumor survivor injury model. Dev Sci 2024; 27:e13413. [PMID: 37218519 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Episodic memory involves personal experiences paired with their context. The Medial Temporal, Posterior Medial, Anterior Temporal, and Medial Prefrontal networks have been found to support the hippocampus in episodic memory in adults. However, there lacks a model that captures how the structural and functional connections of these networks interact to support episodic memory processing in children. Using diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetoencephalography, and memory tests, we quantified differences in white matter microstructure, neural communication, and episodic memory performance, respectively, of healthy children (n = 23) and children with reduced memory performance. Pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS; n = 24) were used as a model, as they exhibit reduced episodic memory and perturbations in white matter and neural communication. We observed that PBTS, compared to healthy controls, showed significantly (p < 0.05) (1) disrupted white matter microstructure between these episodic memory networks through lower fractional anisotropy and higher mean and axial diffusivity, (2) perturbed theta band (4-7 Hz) oscillatory synchronization in these same networks through higher weighted phase lag indices (wPLI), and (3) lower episodic memory performance in the Transverse Patterning and Children's Memory Scale (CMS) tasks. Using partial-least squares path modeling, we found that brain tumor treatment predicted network white matter damage, which predicted inter-network theta hypersynchrony and lower verbal learning (directly) and lower verbal recall (indirectly via theta hypersynchrony). Novel to the literature, our findings suggest that white matter modulates episodic memory through effect on oscillatory synchronization within relevant brain networks. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Investigates the relationship between structural and functional connectivity of episodic memory networks in healthy children and pediatric brain tumor survivors Pediatric brain tumor survivors demonstrate disrupted episodic memory, white matter microstructure and theta oscillatory synchronization compared to healthy children Findings suggest white matter microstructure modulates episodic memory through effects on oscillatory synchronization within relevant episodic memory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Wade Alonso
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Lily Riggs
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Julie Tseng
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ming Scott
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Donald J Mabbott
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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9
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Shing YL, Brod G, Greve A. Prediction error and memory across the lifespan. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105462. [PMID: 37951515 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The influence of Prediction Errors (PEs) on episodic memory has generated growing empirical and theoretical interest. This review explores how the relationship between PE and memory may evolve throughout lifespan. Drawing upon the predictive processing framework and the Predictive, Interactive Multiple Memory System (PIMMS) model in particular, the paper highlights the hierarchical organization of memory systems and the interaction between top-down predictions and bottom-up sensory input, proposing that PEs promote synaptic change and improve encoding and consolidation processes. We discuss the neuroscientific mechanisms underlying PE-driven memory enhancement, focusing on the involvement of the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus pathway, and the noradrenergic sympathetic system. Recognizing the divergent trajectories of episodic and semantic memory across the lifespan is crucial when examining the effects of PEs on memory. This review underscores the heterogeneity of memory processes and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying PE-driven memory enhancement across age. Future research is suggested to directly compare neural networks involved in learning from PEs across different age groups and to contribute to a deeper understanding of PE-driven learning across age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee Lee Shing
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany; IDeA-Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Garvin Brod
- Department of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany; IDeA-Center for Individual Development and Adaptive Education of Children at Risk, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Education and Human Development, DIPF, Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education, Germany
| | - Andrea Greve
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
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10
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Kohn BH, Cui Z, Candelaria MA, Buckingham-Howes S, Black MM, Riggins T. Early emotional caregiving environment and associations with memory performance and hippocampal volume in adolescents with prenatal drug exposure. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1238172. [PMID: 38074523 PMCID: PMC10699310 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1238172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Early adversities, including prenatal drug exposure (PDE) and a negative postnatal emotional caregiving environment, impact children's long-term development. The protracted developmental course of memory and its underlying neural systems offer a valuable framework for understanding the longitudinal associations of pre- and postnatal factors on children with PDE. This study longitudinally examines memory and hippocampal development in 69 parent-child dyads to investigate how the early caregiving emotional environment affects children with PDE's neural and cognitive systems. Measures of physical health, drug exposure, caregiver stress, depression, and distress were collected between 0 and 24 months At age 14 years, adolescents completed multiple measures of episodic memory, and at ages 14 and 18 years, adolescents underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Latent constructs of episodic memory and the caregiving environment were created using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Multiple regressions revealed a negative emotional caregiving environment during infancy was associated with poor memory performance and smaller left hippocampal volumes at 14 years. Better memory performance at 14 years predicted larger right hippocampal volume at 18 years. At 18 years, the association between the emotional caregiving environment and hippocampal volume was moderated by sex, such that a negative emotional caregiving environment was associated with larger left hippocampal volumes in males but not females. Findings suggest that the postnatal caregiving environment may modulate the effects of PDE across development, influencing neurocognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke H. Kohn
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Zehua Cui
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Margo A. Candelaria
- Institute for Innovation and Implementation, University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Maureen M. Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- RTI International, Research Triangle Part, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Tracy Riggins
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
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11
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Liu J, Chen L, Chang H, Rudoler J, Al-Zughoul AB, Kang JB, Abrams DA, Menon V. Replicable Patterns of Memory Impairments in Children With Autism and Their Links to Hyperconnected Brain Circuits. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2023; 8:1113-1123. [PMID: 37196984 PMCID: PMC10646152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory impairments have profound implications for social communication and educational outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the precise nature of memory dysfunction in children with ASD and the underlying neural circuit mechanisms remain poorly understood. The default mode network (DMN) is a brain network that is associated with memory and cognitive function, and DMN dysfunction is among the most replicable and robust brain signatures of ASD. METHODS We used a comprehensive battery of standardized episodic memory assessments and functional circuit analyses in 25 8- to 12-year-old children with ASD and 29 matched typically developing control children. RESULTS Memory performance was reduced in children with ASD compared with control children. General and face memory emerged as distinct dimensions of memory difficulties in ASD. Importantly, findings of diminished episodic memory in children with ASD were replicated in 2 independent data sets. Analysis of intrinsic functional circuits associated with the DMN revealed that general and face memory deficits were associated with distinct, hyperconnected circuits: Aberrant hippocampal connectivity predicted diminished general memory while aberrant posterior cingulate cortex connectivity predicted diminished face memory. Notably, aberrant hippocampal-posterior cingulate cortex circuitry was a common feature of diminished general and face memory in ASD. CONCLUSIONS Our results represent a comprehensive appraisal of episodic memory function in children with ASD and identify extensive and replicable patterns of memory reductions in children with ASD that are linked to dysfunction of distinct DMN-related circuits. These findings highlight a role for DMN dysfunction in ASD that extends beyond face memory to general memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California
| | - Hyesang Chang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jeremy Rudoler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ahmad Belal Al-Zughoul
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Julia Boram Kang
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel A Abrams
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Wu Tsai Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Wu Tsai Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
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12
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Lehman SM, Thompson EL, Pacheco-Colón I, Hawes SW, Adams AR, Granja K, Pulido WJ, Gonzalez R. Cannabis use and episodic memory performance among adolescents: Moderating effects of depression symptoms and sex. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:715-723. [PMID: 36775907 PMCID: PMC10423301 DOI: 10.1017/s135561772300005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabis use has been linked to poorer episodic memory. However, little is known about whether depression and sex may interact as potential moderators of this association, particularly among adolescents. The current study addresses this by examining interactions between depression symptoms and sex on the association between cannabis use and episodic memory in a large sample of adolescents. METHOD Cross-sectional data from 360 adolescents (M age = 17.38, SD = .75) were analyzed at the final assessment wave of a two-year longitudinal study. We used the Drug Use History Questionnaire to assess for lifetime cannabis use, and the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children, Fourth edition to assess the number of depression symptoms in the past year. Subtests from the Wechsler Memory Scale, Fourth Edition and the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition were used to assess episodic memory performance. RESULTS The effect of the three-way interaction among cannabis use, depression symptoms, and sex did not have a significant impact on episodic memory performance. However, follow-up analyses revealed a significant effect of the two-way interaction of cannabis use and depression symptoms on episodic memory, such that associations between cannabis use and episodic memory were only significant at lower and average levels of depression symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to our hypotheses, we found that as depression symptoms increased, the negative association between cannabis use and episodic memory diminished. Given the use of a predominantly subsyndromic sample, future studies should attempt to replicate findings among individuals with more severe depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Lehman
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Erin L Thompson
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Ileana Pacheco-Colón
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Samuel W Hawes
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Ashley R Adams
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Karen Granja
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - William J Pulido
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
| | - Raul Gonzalez
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL33199-2156, USA
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13
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Vinci-Booher S, Schlichting ML, Preston AR, Pestilli F. Development of human hippocampal subfield microstructure and relation to associative inference. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10207-10220. [PMID: 37557916 PMCID: PMC10502573 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is a complex brain structure composed of subfields that each have distinct cellular organizations. While the volume of hippocampal subfields displays age-related changes that have been associated with inference and memory functions, the degree to which the cellular organization within each subfield is related to these functions throughout development is not well understood. We employed an explicit model testing approach to characterize the development of tissue microstructure and its relationship to performance on 2 inference tasks, one that required memory (memory-based inference) and one that required only perceptually available information (perception-based inference). We found that each subfield had a unique relationship with age in terms of its cellular organization. While the subiculum (SUB) displayed a linear relationship with age, the dentate gyrus (DG), cornu ammonis field 1 (CA1), and cornu ammonis subfields 2 and 3 (combined; CA2/3) displayed nonlinear trajectories that interacted with sex in CA2/3. We found that the DG was related to memory-based inference performance and that the SUB was related to perception-based inference; neither relationship interacted with age. Results are consistent with the idea that cellular organization within hippocampal subfields might undergo distinct developmental trajectories that support inference and memory performance throughout development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Vinci-Booher
- Indiana University, Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 E. 10th St., Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, United States
- Vanderbilt University, Psychology and Human Development, 230 Appleton Pl., Nashville, TN 37203, United States
| | - Margaret L Schlichting
- University of Toronto, Psychology, 100 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
- University of Texas at Austin, Psychology, 108 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Alison R Preston
- University of Texas at Austin, Psychology, 108 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Franco Pestilli
- University of Texas at Austin, Psychology, 108 E. Dean Keeton Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
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14
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Nichols ES, Blumenthal A, Kuenzel E, Skinner JK, Duerden EG. Hippocampus long-axis specialization throughout development: A meta-analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023. [PMID: 37209288 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human adult hippocampus can be subdivided into the head, or anterior hippocampus and its body and tail, or posterior hippocampus, and a wealth of functional differences along the longitudinal axis have been reported. One line of literature emphasizes specialization for different aspects of cognition, whereas another emphasizes the unique role of the anterior hippocampus in emotional processing. While some research suggests that functional differences in memory between the anterior and posterior hippocampus appear early in development, it remains unclear whether this is also the case for functional differences in emotion processing. The goal of this meta-analysis was to determine whether the long-axis functional specialization observed in adults is present earlier in development. Using a quantitative meta-analysis, long-axis functional specialization was assessed using the data from 26 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies, which included 39 contrasts and 804 participants ranging in age from 4 to 21 years. Results indicated that emotion was more strongly localized to the anterior hippocampus, with memory being more strongly localized to the posterior hippocampus, demonstrating long-axis specialization with regard to memory and emotion in children similar to that seen in adults. An additional analysis of laterality indicated that while memory was left dominant, emotion was processed bilaterally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Nichols
- Faculty of Education, Western University, London, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Anna Blumenthal
- Cervo Brain Research Centre, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Emma G Duerden
- Faculty of Education, Western University, London, Canada
- Western Institute for Neuroscience, Western University, London, Canada
- Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
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15
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Tan J, Wang Z, Tang Y, Tian Y. Alterations in Human Hippocampus Subregions across the Lifespan: Reflections on White Matter Structure and Functional Connectivity. Neural Plast 2023; 2023:7948140. [PMID: 37025422 PMCID: PMC10072963 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7948140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
During growth and aging, the role of the hippocampus in memory depends on its interactions with related brain regions. Particularly, two subregions, anterior hippocampus (aHipp) and posterior hippocampus (pHipp), play different and critical roles in memory processing. However, age-related changes of hippocampus subregions on structure and function are still unclear. Here, we investigated age-related structural and functional characteristics of 106 participants (7-85 years old) in resting state based on fractional anisotropy (FA) and functional connectivity (FC) in aHipp and pHipp in the lifespan. The correlation between FA and FC was also explored to identify the coupling. Furthermore, the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) was used to explore the relationship between cognitive ability and hippocampal changes. Results showed that there was functional separation and integration in aHipp and pHipp, and the number of functional connections in pHipp was more than that in aHipp across the lifespan. The age-related FC changes showed four different trends (U-shaped/inverted U-shaped/linear upward/linear downward). And around the age of 40 was a critical period for transformation. Then, FA analyses indicated that all effects of age on the hippocampal structures were nonlinear, and the white matter integrity of pHipp was higher than that of aHipp. In the functional-structural coupling, we found that the age-related FA of the right aHipp (aHipp.R) was negatively related to the FC. Finally, through the WASI, we found that the age-related FA of the left aHipp (aHipp.L) was positively correlated with verbal IQ (VERB) and vocabulary comprehension (VOCAB.T), the FA of aHipp.R was only positively correlated with VERB, and the FA of the left pHipp (pHipp.L) was only positively correlated with VOCAB.T. These FC and FA results supported that age-related normal memory changes were closely related to the hippocampus subregions. We also provided empirical evidence that memory ability was altered with the hippocampus, and its efficiency tended to decline after age 40.
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16
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Ma J, Zheng MX, Wu JJ, Xing XX, Xiang YT, Wei D, Xue X, Zhang H, Hua XY, Guo QH, Xu JG. Mapping the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome: a case-control multimodal MRI study. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:61. [PMID: 36964589 PMCID: PMC10037827 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Connectome mapping may reveal new treatment targets for patients with neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the long-term delayed recall based-network with structural and functional connectome is still largely unknown. Our objectives were to (1) identify the long-term delayed recall-based cortex-hippocampus network with structural and functional connectome and (2) investigate its relationships with various cognitive functions, age, and activities of daily living. Methods This case-control study enrolled 131 subjects (73 amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI] patients and 58 age- and education-matched healthy controls [HCs]). All subjects completed a neuropsychological battery, activities of daily living assessment, and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Nodes of the cortical-hippocampal network related to long-term delayed recall were identified by probabilistic fiber tracking and functional connectivity (FC) analysis. Then, the main and interaction effects of the network on cognitive functions were assessed by a generalized linear model. Finally, the moderating effects of the network on the relationships between long-term delayed recall and clinical features were analyzed by multiple regression and Hayes’ bootstrap method. All the effects of cortex-hippocampus network were analyzed at the connectivity and network levels. Results The result of a generalized linear model showed that the bilateral hippocampus, left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, right supplementary motor area, left lingual gyrus, left superior occipital gyrus, left superior parietal gyrus, left precuneus, and right temporal pole (superior temporal gyrus) are the left and right cortex-hippocampus network nodes related to long-term delayed recall (P < 0.05). Significant interaction effects were found between the Auditory Verbal Learning Test Part 5 (AVLT 5) scores and global properties of the left cortex-hippocampus network [hierarchy, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global efficiency, local efficiency, Sigma and synchronization (P < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected)]. Significant interaction effects were found between the general cognitive function/executive function/language and global properties of the left cortex-hippocampus network [Sigma and synchronization (P < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected)]. Conclusion This study introduces a novel symptom-based network and describes relationships among cognitive functions, brain function, and age. The cortex–hippocampus network constrained by the structural and functional connectome is closely related to long-term delayed recall. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-023-01197-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Mou-Xiong Zheng
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Jia-Jia Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Xiang-Xin Xing
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Yun-Ting Xiang
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Dong Wei
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Xin Xue
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
| | - Han Zhang
- grid.440637.20000 0004 4657 8879School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210 China
| | - Xu-Yun Hua
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
| | - Qi-Hao Guo
- grid.412528.80000 0004 1798 5117Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Jian-Guang Xu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437 China
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203 China
- grid.419897.a0000 0004 0369 313XEngineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201203 China
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17
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Episodic and prospective memory difficulties in 13-year-old children born very preterm. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:257-265. [PMID: 35388789 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617722000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Children born very preterm (VP) are susceptible to a range of cognitive impairments, yet the effects of VP birth on long-term, episodic, and prospective memory remains unclear. This study examined episodic and prospective memory functioning in children born VP compared with their term-born counterparts at 13 years. METHOD VP (n = 81: born <30 weeks' gestation) and term (n = 26) groups were aged between 12 and 14 years. Children completed: (i) standardized verbal and visuospatial episodic memory tests; and (ii) an experimental time- and event-based prospective memory test that included short-term (within assessment session) and long-term (up to 1-week post-session) tasks. Parents completed a questionnaire assessing memory functions in everyday life. RESULTS The VP group performed worse on all measures of verbal and visuospatial episodic memory than the term group. While there were no group differences in event-based or long-term prospective memory, the VP group performed worse on time-based and short-term prospective memory tasks than term-born counterparts. Parents of children born VP reported more everyday memory difficulties than parents of children born at term, with parent-ratings indicating significantly elevated rates of everyday memory challenges in children born VP. CONCLUSIONS Children born VP warrant long-term surveillance, as challenges associated with VP birth include memory difficulties at 13 years. This study highlights the need for greater research and clinical attention into childhood functional memory outcomes.
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18
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Fan CL, Sokolowski HM, Rosenbaum RS, Levine B. What about "space" is important for episodic memory? WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2023; 14:e1645. [PMID: 36772875 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Early cognitive neuroscientific research revealed that the hippocampus is crucial for spatial navigation in rodents, and for autobiographical episodic memory in humans. Researchers quickly linked these streams to propose that the human hippocampus supports memory through its role in representing space, and research on the link between spatial cognition and episodic memory in humans has proliferated over the past several decades. Different researchers apply the term "spatial" in a variety of contexts, however, and it remains unclear what aspect of space may be critical to memory. Similarly, "episodic" has been defined and tested in different ways. Naturalistic assessment of spatial memory and episodic memory (i.e., episodic autobiographical memory) is required to unify the scale and biological relevance in comparisons of spatial and mnemonic processing. Limitations regarding the translation of rodent to human research, human ontogeny, and inter-individual variability require greater consideration in the interpretation of this literature. In this review, we outline the aspects of space that are (and are not) commonly linked to episodic memory, and then we discuss these dimensions through the lens of individual differences in naturalistic autobiographical memory. Future studies should carefully consider which aspect(s) of space are being linked to memory within the context of naturalistic human cognition. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina L Fan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - R Shayna Rosenbaum
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Levine
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bloom PA, Bartlett E, Kathios N, Algharazi S, Siegelman M, Shen F, Beresford L, DiMaggio-Potter ME, Singh A, Bennett S, Natarajan N, Lee H, Sajid S, Joyce E, Fischman R, Hutchinson S, Pan S, Tottenham N, Aly M. Effects of familiar music exposure on deliberate retrieval of remote episodic and semantic memories in healthy aging adults. Memory 2023; 31:428-456. [PMID: 36651851 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2166078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Familiar music facilitates memory retrieval in adults with dementia. However, mechanisms behind this effect, and its generality, are unclear because of a lack of parallel work in healthy aging. Exposure to familiar music enhances spontaneous recall of memories directly cued by the music, but it is unknown whether such effects extend to deliberate recall more generally - e.g., to memories not directly linked to the music being played. It is also unclear whether familiar music boosts recall of specific episodes versus more generalised semantic memories, or whether effects are driven by domain-general mechanisms (e.g., improved mood). In a registered report study, we examined effects of familiar music on deliberate recall in healthy adults ages 65-80 years (N = 75) by presenting familiar music from earlier in life, unfamiliar music, and non-musical audio clips across three sessions. After each clip, we assessed free recall of remote memories for pre-selected events. Contrary to our hypotheses, we found no effects of music exposure on recall of prompted events, though familiar music evoked spontaneous memories most often. These results suggest that effects of familiar music on recall may be limited to memories specifically evoked in response to the music (Preprint and registered report protocol at https://osf.io/kjnwd/).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ella Bartlett
- Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fan Shen
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Bennett
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Erin Joyce
- Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Sophie Pan
- Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Distinct multivariate structural brain profiles are related to variations in short- and long-delay memory consolidation across children and young adults. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 59:101192. [PMID: 36566622 PMCID: PMC9803921 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
From early to middle childhood, brain regions that underlie memory consolidation undergo profound maturational changes. However, there is little empirical investigation that directly relates age-related differences in brain structural measures to memory consolidation processes. The present study examined memory consolidation of intentionally studied object-location associations after one night of sleep (short delay) and after two weeks (long delay) in normally developing 5-to-7-year-old children (n = 50) and young adults (n = 39). Behavioural differences in memory retention rate were related to structural brain measures. Our results showed that children, in comparison to young adults, retained correctly learnt object-location associations less robustly over short and long delay. Moreover, using partial least squares correlation method, a unique multivariate profile comprised of specific neocortical (prefrontal, parietal, and occipital), cerebellar, and hippocampal head and subfield structures in the body was found to be associated with variation in short-delay memory retention. A different multivariate profile comprised of a reduced set of brain structures, mainly consisting of neocortical (prefrontal, parietal, and occipital), hippocampal head, and selective hippocampal subfield structures (CA1-2 and subiculum) was associated with variation in long-delay memory retention. Taken together, the results suggest that multivariate structural pattern of unique sets of brain regions are related to variations in short- and long-delay memory consolidation across children and young adults.
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21
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Dick AS, Ralph Y, Farrant K, Reeb-Sutherland B, Pruden S, Mattfeld AT. Volumetric development of hippocampal subfields and hippocampal white matter connectivity: Relationship with episodic memory. Dev Psychobiol 2022; 64:e22333. [PMID: 36426794 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampus is a complex structure composed of distinct subfields. It has been central to understanding neural foundations of episodic memory. In the current cross-sectional study, using a large sample of 830, 3- to 21-year-olds from a unique, publicly available dataset we examined the following questions: (1) Is there elevated grey matter volume of the hippocampus and subfields in late compared to early development? (2) How does hippocampal volume compare with the rest of the cerebral cortex at different developmental stages? and (3) What is the relation between hippocampal volume and connectivity with episodic memory performance? We found hippocampal subfield volumes exhibited a nonlinear relation with age and showed a lag in volumetric change with age when compared to adjacent cortical regions (e.g., entorhinal cortex). We also observed a significant reduction in cortical volume across older cohorts, while hippocampal volume showed the opposite pattern. In addition to age-related differences in gray matter volume, dentate gyrus/cornu ammonis 3 volume was significantly related to episodic memory. We did not, however, find any associations with episodic memory performance and connectivity through the uncinate fasciculus, fornix, or cingulum. The results are discussed in the context of current research and theories of hippocampal development and its relation to episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Steven Dick
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yvonne Ralph
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kristafor Farrant
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Shannon Pruden
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Aaron T Mattfeld
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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22
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Wang P, Wang J, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Meng C, Castellanos FX, Biswal BB. Cerebro-cerebellar Dysconnectivity in Children and Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 61:1372-1384. [PMID: 35661770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abnormal cerebellar development has been implicated in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) has yet to be examined in ADHD. Our objective is to investigate the disturbed cerebro-cerebellar FC in children and adolescents with ADHD. METHOD We analyzed a dataset of 106 individuals with ADHD (68 children, 38 adolescents) and 62 healthy comparison individuals (34 children, 28 adolescents) from the publicly available ADHD-200 dataset. We identified 7 cerebellar subregions based on cerebro-cerebellar FC and subsequently obtained the FC maps of cerebro-cerebellar networks. The main effects of ADHD and age and their interaction were examined using 2-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Compared to comparisons, ADHD showed higher cerebro-cerebellar FC in the superior temporal gyrus within the somatomotor network. Interactions of diagnosis and age were identified in the supplementary motor area and postcentral gyrus within the somatomotor network and middle temporal gyrus within the ventral attention network. Follow-up Pearson correlation analysis revealed decreased cerebro-cerebellar FC in these regions with increasing age in comparisons, whereas the opposite pattern of increased cerebro-cerebellar FC occurred in ADHD. CONCLUSION Increased cerebro-cerebellar FC in the superior temporal gyrus within the somatomotor network could underlie impairments in cognitive control and somatic motor function in ADHD. In addition, increasing cerebro-cerebellar FC in older participants with ADHD suggests that enhanced cerebellar involvement may compensate for dysfunctions of the cerebral cortex in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zedong Wang
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun Meng
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - F Xavier Castellanos
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, and the Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York
| | - Bharat B Biswal
- Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark.
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23
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Zerrouk M, Diaz A, Bell MA. Inhibitory control moderates the association between fear and attention bias to snakes in middle childhood. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2022.101253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Cohen AO, Glover MM, Shen X, Phaneuf CV, Avallone KN, Davachi L, Hartley CA. Reward Enhances Memory via Age-Varying Online and Offline Neural Mechanisms across Development. J Neurosci 2022; 42:6424-6434. [PMID: 35790398 PMCID: PMC9398543 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1820-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reward motivation enhances memory through interactions between mesolimbic, hippocampal, and cortical systems, both during and after encoding. Developmental changes in these distributed neural circuits may lead to age-related differences in reward-motivated memory and the underlying neural mechanisms. Converging evidence from cross-species studies suggests that subcortical dopamine signaling is increased during adolescence, which may lead to stronger memory representations of rewarding, relative to mundane, events and changes in the contributions of underlying subcortical and cortical brain mechanisms across age. Here, we used fMRI to examine how reward motivation influences the "online" encoding and "offline" postencoding brain mechanisms that support long-term associative memory from childhood to adulthood in human participants of both sexes. We found that reward motivation led to both age-invariant enhancements and nonlinear age-related differences in associative memory after 24 h. Furthermore, reward-related memory benefits were linked to age-varying neural mechanisms. During encoding, interactions between the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) were associated with better high-reward memory to a greater degree with increasing age. Preencoding to postencoding changes in functional connectivity between the anterior hippocampus and VTA were also associated with better high-reward memory, but more so at younger ages. Our findings suggest that there may be developmental differences in the contributions of offline subcortical and online cortical brain mechanisms supporting reward-motivated memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A substantial body of research has examined the neural mechanisms through which reward influences memory formation in adults. However, despite extensive evidence that both reward processing and associative memory undergo dynamic change across development, few studies have examined age-related changes in these processes. We found both age-invariant and nonlinear age-related differences in reward-motivated memory. Moreover, our findings point to developmental differences in the processes through which reward modulates the prioritization of information in long-term memory, with greater early reliance on offline subcortical consolidation mechanisms and increased contribution of systems-level online encoding circuitry with increasing age. These results highlight dynamic developmental changes in the cognitive and neural mechanisms through which motivationally salient information is prioritized in memory from childhood to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra O Cohen
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Morgan M Glover
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Xinxu Shen
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Camille V Phaneuf
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | | | - Lila Davachi
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027
- Nathan Kline Institute of Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York 20962
| | - Catherine A Hartley
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York 10003
- New York University Center for Neural Science and Langone Health Neuroscience Institute, New York, New York 10003
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25
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Influence of current physical exercise on the relationship between aging and episodic memory and fluid intelligence. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 227:103609. [PMID: 35569203 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of current physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence, assessed with a free-recall task and the Culture Fair Intelligence Test (Cattell, 1963) respectively, while statistically controlling for other cognitive reserve factors (educational level, leisure activities, and vocabulary level). Two hundred and eight participants aged 20 to 85 participated in the study. Physical exercise level was indexed by weekly frequency over the last 12 months using self-reported measurement (from none to 4 times a week). Overall, results show a beneficial effect of physical exercise especially from a weekly practice of 2 times, and significant interaction between physical exercise and age on episodic memory and fluid intelligence capacities indicating a reduced effect of age in more physically active participants. These results reinforce the view that physical exercise is a strong and specific reserve factor that reduces decline in some cognitive functions during aging.
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26
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Kvavilashvili L, Ford RM. Metamemory for involuntary autobiographical memories and semantic mind-pops in 5-, 7- and 9-year-old children and young adults. Child Dev 2022; 93:e484-e500. [PMID: 35596709 PMCID: PMC9544794 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In a cross‐sectional study, 5‐, 7‐, and 9‐year‐old‐children and adults (N = 144, 86 females, predominantly White U.K. sample of lower‐middle to middle‐class background) were interviewed about their experiences of involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) and semantic mind‐pops that come to mind unintentionally. Although some age differences emerged, the majority of participants in all age groups claimed familiarity with involuntary memories and provided examples from their own experience. Moreover, the self‐reported frequency of IAMs and mind‐pops was high, and reported IAMs usually referred to incidental environmental triggers, whereas reported mind‐pops did not. This age invariance highlights the ubiquity of involuntary memories across development and opens up interesting avenues for developmental research on involuntary memories and other spontaneous phenomena (e.g., mind‐wandering, future thinking).
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27
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Botdorf M, Canada KL, Riggins T. A meta-analysis of the relation between hippocampal volume and memory ability in typically developing children and adolescents. Hippocampus 2022; 32:386-400. [PMID: 35301771 PMCID: PMC9313816 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Memory is supported by a network of brain regions, with the hippocampus serving a critical role in this cognitive process. Previous meta‐analyses on the association between hippocampal structure and memory have largely focused on adults. Multiple studies have since suggested that hippocampal volume is related to memory performance in children and adolescents; however, the strength and direction of this relation varies across reports, and thus, remains unclear. To further understand this brain–behavior relation, we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the association between hippocampal volume (assessed as total volume) and memory during typical development. Across 25 studies and 61 memory outcomes with 1357 participants, results showed a small, but significant, positive association between total hippocampal volume and memory performance. Estimates of the variability across studies in the relation between total volume and memory were not explained by differences in memory task type (delayed vs. immediate; relational vs. nonrelational), participant age range, or the method of normalization of hippocampal volumes. Overall, findings suggest that larger total hippocampal volume relates to better memory performance in children and adolescents and that this relation is similar across the memory types and age ranges assessed. To facilitate enhanced generalization across studies in the future, we discuss considerations for the field moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Botdorf
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Kelsey L Canada
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tracy Riggins
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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28
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Developmental differences in memory reactivation relate to encoding and inference in the human brain. Nat Hum Behav 2022; 6:415-428. [PMID: 34782728 PMCID: PMC8973118 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-021-01206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that children can draw on their memories to make novel inferences, it is unknown whether they do so through the same neural mechanisms as adults. We measured memory reinstatement as participants aged 7-30 years learned new, related information. While adults brought memories to mind throughout learning, adolescents did so only transiently, and children not at all. Analysis of trial-wise variability in reactivation showed that discrepant neural mechanisms-and in particular, what we interpret as suppression of interfering memories during learning in early adolescence-are nevertheless beneficial for later inference at each developmental stage. These results suggest that while adults build integrated memories well-suited to informing inference directly, children and adolescents instead must rely on separate memories to be individually referenced at the time of inference decisions.
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29
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Johnson EL, Yin Q, O'Hara NB, Tang L, Jeong JW, Asano E, Ofen N. Dissociable oscillatory theta signatures of memory formation in the developing brain. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1457-1469.e4. [PMID: 35172128 PMCID: PMC9007830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding complex human brain functions is critically informed by studying such functions during development. Here, we addressed a major gap in models of human memory by leveraging rare direct electrophysiological recordings from children and adolescents. Specifically, memory relies on interactions between the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the maturation of these interactions is posited to play a key role in supporting memory development. To understand the nature of MTL-PFC interactions, we examined subdural recordings from MTL and PFC in 21 neurosurgical patients aged 5.9-20.5 years as they performed an established scene memory task. We determined signatures of memory formation by comparing the study of subsequently recognized to forgotten scenes in single trials. Results establish that MTL and PFC interact via two distinct theta mechanisms, an ∼3-Hz oscillation that supports amplitude coupling and slows down with age and an ∼7-Hz oscillation that supports phase coupling and speeds up with age. Slow and fast theta interactions immediately preceding scene onset further explained age-related differences in recognition performance. Last, with additional diffusion imaging data, we linked both functional mechanisms to the structural maturation of the cingulum tract. Our findings establish system-level dynamics of memory formation and suggest that MTL and PFC interact via increasingly dissociable mechanisms as memory improves across development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Johnson
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Departments of Medical Social Sciences and Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Qin Yin
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Nolan B O'Hara
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lingfei Tang
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jeong-Won Jeong
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Noa Ofen
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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30
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Cooley DT, Jackson Y. Informant Discrepancies in Child Maltreatment Reporting: A Systematic Review. CHILD MALTREATMENT 2022; 27:126-145. [PMID: 33054358 DOI: 10.1177/1077559520966387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Potential informants on child maltreatment include the youth who has experienced the alleged maltreatment, and the youth's caregivers, social workers and case files. When multiple informants are compared, they often disagree about whether or not a youth has experienced maltreatment. Such determinations are critical as endorsement-or lack of endorsement-of maltreatment can have significant consequences on the child's safety, future living arrangements and referral for treatment and services. The current study provides a systematic review of the literature on informant discrepancies in child maltreatment. Three databases-PsychINFO, Web of Science, and PubMed-were used to identify studies for the review and 13 articles met inclusion criteria. Results showed that more youth tend to report physical, sexual and emotional abuse than seen in case files. By contrast, more case files include neglect than reported by youth. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryl T Cooley
- Department of Psychology, The 8082Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yo Jackson
- Department of Psychology, The 8082Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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31
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The SACT Template: A Human Brain Diffusion Tensor Template for School-age Children. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:607-621. [PMID: 35092576 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
School-age children are in a specific development stage corresponding to juvenility, when the white matter of the brain experiences ongoing maturation. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI), especially diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is extensively used to characterize the maturation by assessing white matter properties in vivo. In the analysis of DWI data, spatial normalization is crucial for conducting inter-subject analyses or linking the individual space with the reference space. Using tensor-based registration with an appropriate diffusion tensor template presents high accuracy regarding spatial normalization. However, there is a lack of a standardized diffusion tensor template dedicated to school-age children with ongoing brain development. Here, we established the school-age children diffusion tensor (SACT) template by optimizing tensor reorientation on high-quality DTI data from a large sample of cognitively normal participants aged 6-12 years. With an age-balanced design, the SACT template represented the entire age range well by showing high similarity to the age-specific templates. Compared with the tensor template of adults, the SACT template revealed significantly higher spatial normalization accuracy and inter-subject coherence upon evaluation of subjects in two different datasets of school-age children. A practical application regarding the age associations with the normalized DTI-derived data was conducted to further compare the SACT template and the adult template. Although similar spatial patterns were found, the SACT template showed significant effects on the distributions of the statistical results, which may be related to the performance of spatial normalization. Looking forward, the SACT template could contribute to future studies of white matter development in both healthy and clinical populations. The SACT template is publicly available now ( https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/SACT_template/14071283 ).
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32
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Blankenship TL, Calkins SD, Bell MA. The Role of Executive Functions in Item Recognition and Temporal Order Memory Development. JOURNAL OF COGNITION AND DEVELOPMENT 2022; 23:135-147. [PMID: 35264909 PMCID: PMC8901123 DOI: 10.1080/15248372.2021.1964504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Item recognition and temporal order memory follow different developmental trajectories during middle childhood, with item recognition performance stabilizing and temporal order memory performance continuing to improve. We investigated the potential unique role of individual executive functions on item recognition and temporal order memory during this critical development period. Our results replicate and expand on previous findings, suggesting that executive functions, specifically inhibitory control and working memory, may be more crucial for successful temporal order memory than for item recognition during middle childhood.
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33
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Bouyeure A, Bekha D, Patil S, Hertz-Pannier L, Noulhiane M. OUP accepted manuscript. Cereb Cortex Commun 2022; 3:tgac004. [PMID: 35261977 PMCID: PMC8895309 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure-function relationship between white matter microstructure and episodic memory (EM) has been poorly studied in the developing brain, particularly in early childhood. Previous studies in adolescents and adults have shown that episodic memory recall is associated with prefrontal-limbic white matter microstructure. It is unknown whether this association is also observed during early ontogeny. Here, we investigated the association between prefrontal-limbic tract microstructure and EM performance in a cross-sectional sample of children aged 4 to 12 years. We used a multivariate partial least squares correlation approach to extract tract-specific latent variables representing shared information between age and diffusion parameters describing tract microstructure. Individual projections onto these latent variables describe patterns of interindividual differences in tract maturation that can be interpreted as scores of white matter tract microstructural maturity. Using these estimates of microstructural maturity, we showed that maturity scores of the uncinate fasciculus and dorsal cingulum bundle correlated with distinct measures of EM recall. Furthermore, the association between tract maturity scores and EM recall was comparable between younger and older children. Our results provide new evidence on the relation between white matter maturity and EM performance during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bouyeure
- UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Dhaif Bekha
- UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Sandesh Patil
- UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Lucie Hertz-Pannier
- UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Marion Noulhiane
- UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- UMR1141, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019 Paris, France
- Corresponding author: UNIACT, NeuroSpin, CEA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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34
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Müller NCJ, Kohn N, van Buuren M, Klijn N, Emmen H, Berkers RMWJ, Dresler M, Janzen G, Fernández G. Differences in executive abilities rather than associative processes contribute to memory development. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:6000-6013. [PMID: 34636105 PMCID: PMC8596915 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's learning capabilities change while growing up. One framework that describes the cognitive and neural development of children's growing learning abilities is the two‐component model. It distinguishes processes that integrate separate features into a coherent memory representation (associative component) and executive abilities, such as elaboration, evaluation, and monitoring, that support memory processing (strategic component). In an fMRI study using an object‐location association paradigm, we investigated how the two components influence memory performance across development. We tested children (10–12 years, n = 31), late adolescents (18 years, n = 29), and adults (25+ years, n = 30). For studying the associative component, we also probed how the utilisation of prior knowledge (schemas) facilitates memory across age groups. Children had overall lower retrieval performance, while adolescents and adults did not differ from each other. All groups benefitted from schemas, but this effect did not differ between groups. Performance differences between groups were associated with deactivation of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), which in turn was linked to executive functioning. These patterns were stronger in adolescents and adults and seemed absent in children. Thus, the children's executive system, the strategic component, is not as mature and thus cannot facilitate memory performance in the same way as in adolescents/adults. In contrast, we did not find age‐related differences in the associative component; with activity in the angular gyrus predicting memory performance systematically across groups. Overall, our results suggest that differences of executive rather than associative abilities explain memory differences between children, adolescents, and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils C J Müller
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Kohn
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariët van Buuren
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nadia Klijn
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Helene Emmen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud M W J Berkers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Janzen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Guillén Fernández
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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35
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Ellwood-Lowe ME, Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Bunge SA. Brain network coupling associated with cognitive performance varies as a function of a child's environment in the ABCD study. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7183. [PMID: 34893612 PMCID: PMC8664837 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27336-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior research indicates that lower resting-state functional coupling between two brain networks, lateral frontoparietal network (LFPN) and default mode network (DMN), relates to cognitive test performance, for children and adults. However, most of the research that led to this conclusion has been conducted with non-representative samples of individuals from higher-income backgrounds, and so further studies including participants from a broader range of socioeconomic backgrounds are required. Here, in a pre-registered study, we analyzed resting-state fMRI from 6839 children ages 9-10 years from the ABCD dataset. For children from households defined as being above poverty (family of 4 with income > $25,000, or family of 5+ with income > $35,000), we replicated prior findings; that is, we found that better performance on cognitive tests correlated with weaker LFPN-DMN coupling. For children from households defined as being in poverty, the direction of association was reversed, on average: better performance was instead directionally related to stronger LFPN-DMN connectivity, though there was considerable variability. Among children in households below poverty, the direction of this association was predicted in part by features of their environments, such as school type and parent-reported neighborhood safety. These results highlight the importance of including representative samples in studies of child cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Silvia A Bunge
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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36
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Finn B, Miele DB. Boundary Conditions of the Remembered Success Effect. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN MEMORY AND COGNITION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jarmac.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Tang L, Yu Q, Homayouni R, Canada KL, Yin Q, Damoiseaux JS, Ofen N. Reliability of subsequent memory effects in children and adults: The good, the bad, and the hopeful. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 52:101037. [PMID: 34837876 PMCID: PMC8626831 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional MRI (fMRI) is a key tool for investigating neural underpinnings of cognitive development. Yet, in recent years, the reliability of fMRI effects has come into question and with it, the feasibility of using task-based fMRI to identify developmental changes related to cognition. Here, we investigated the reliability of task-based fMRI activations with a widely used subsequent memory paradigm using two developmental samples: a cross-sectional sample (n = 85, age 8–25 years) and a test-retest sample (n = 24, one-month follow up, age 8–20 years). In the large cross-sectional sample, we found good to excellent group-level reliability when assessing activation patterns related to the encoding task and subsequent memory effects. In the test-retest sample, while group-level reliability was excellent, the consistency of activation patterns within individuals was low, particularly for subsequent memory effects. We observed consistent activation patterns in frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices, but comparatively lower test-retest reliability in subcortical regions and the hippocampus. Together, these findings highlight the limitations of interpreting task-based fMRI effects and the importance of incorporating reliability analyses in developmental studies. Leveraging larger and densely collected longitudinal data may help contribute to increased reproducibility and the accumulation of knowledge in developmental sciences. Reliability of fMRI memory encoding was assessed in cross-sectional and test-retest developmental samples. Subsequent memory effects were less consistent than activations across all encoding trials, regardless of memory outcome. Group-level effects showed excellent consistency in both cross-sectional and test-retest reliability analyses. Individual test-retest reliability was good in cortical regions but lower in subcortical regions and the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Tang
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Qijing Yu
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Roya Homayouni
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Kelsey L Canada
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Qin Yin
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Jessica S Damoiseaux
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Noa Ofen
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
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38
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Requirement to change of functional brain network across the lifespan. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260091. [PMID: 34793536 PMCID: PMC8601519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have focused on neural changes and neuroplasticity, while the signaling demand for neural modification needs to be explored. In this study, we traced this issue in the organization of brain functional links where the conflictual arrangement of signed links makes a request to change. We introduced the number of frustrations (unsatisfied closed triadic interactions) as a measure for assessing "requirement to change" of functional brain network. We revealed that the requirement to change of the resting-state network has a u-shape functionality over the lifespan with a minimum in early adulthood, and it's correlated with the presence of negative links. Also, we discovered that brain negative subnetwork has a special topology with a log-normal degree distribution in all stages, however, its global measures are altered by adulthood. Our results highlight the study of collective behavior of functional negative links as the source of the brain's between-regions conflicts and we propose exploring the attribute of the requirement to change besides other neural change factors.
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39
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Knowlton BJ, Castel AD. Memory and Reward-Based Learning: A Value-Directed Remembering Perspective. Annu Rev Psychol 2021; 73:25-52. [PMID: 34587778 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-032921-050951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The ability to prioritize valuable information is critical for the efficient use of memory in daily life. When information is important, we engage more effective encoding mechanisms that can better support retrieval. Here, we describe a dual-mechanism framework of value-directed remembering in which both strategic and automatic processes lead to differential encoding of valuable information. Strategic processes rely on metacognitive awareness of effective deep encoding strategies that allow younger and healthy older adults to selectively remember important information. In contrast, some high-value information may also be encoded automatically in the absence of intention to remember, but this may be more impaired in older age. These different mechanisms are subserved by different neural substrates, with left-hemisphere semantic processing regions active during the strategic encoding of high-value items, and automatic enhancement of encoding of high-value items may be supported by activation of midbrain dopaminergic projections to the hippocampal region. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J Knowlton
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA;
| | - Alan D Castel
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA;
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40
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Pruitt PJ, Tang L, Hayes JM, Ofen N, Damoiseaux JS. Age moderation of the association between negative subsequent memory effects and episodic memory performance. AGING BRAIN 2021; 1:100021. [PMID: 36911506 PMCID: PMC9997129 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2021.100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Negative subsequent memory effects in functional MRI studies of memory formation have been linked to individual differences in memory performance, yet the effect of age on this association is currently unclear. To provide insight into the brain systems related to memory across the lifespan, we examined functional neuroimaging data acquired during episodic memory formation and behavioral performance from a memory recognition task in a sample of 109 participants, including three developmental age groups (8-12, 13-17, 18-25 year-olds) and one additional group of older adults (55-85 year-olds). Young adults showed the highest memory performance and strongest negative subsequent memory effects, while older adults showed reduced negative subsequent memory effects relative to young adults. Across the sample, negative subsequent memory effects were associated with better memory performance, and there was a significant interaction between negative subsequent memory effects and memory performance by age group. Posthoc analyses revealed that this moderation effect was driven by a stronger association between negative subsequent memory effects and memory performance in young adults than children, and that neither children nor older adults showed a significant association. These findings suggest that negative subsequent memory effects may differentially support memory performance across a lifespan trajectory characterized by developmental maturation and support further investigation of this effect in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Pruitt
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Lingfei Tang
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave. 7th Floor Suite 7908, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Jessica M. Hayes
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave. 7th Floor Suite 7908, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Noa Ofen
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave. 7th Floor Suite 7908, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Jessica S. Damoiseaux
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, 87 E. Ferry St., Detroit, MI 48202, United States
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave. 7th Floor Suite 7908, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
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41
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Hoffmann F, Grosse Wiesmann C, Singer T, Steinbeis N. Development of functional network architecture explains changes in children's altruistically motivated helping. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13167. [PMID: 34383977 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Childhood is marked by profound changes in prosocial behaviour. The underlying motivational mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated the development of altruistically motivated helping in middle childhood and the neurocognitive and -affective mechanisms driving this development. One-hundred and twenty seven 6-12 year-old children performed a novel gustatory costly helping task designed to measure altruistic motivations of helping behaviour. Neurocognitive and -affective mechanisms including emotion regulation, emotional clarity and attentional reorienting were assessed experimentally through an extensive task-battery while functional brain activity and connectivity were measured during an empathy for taste paradigm and during rest. Altruistically motivated helping increased with age. Out of all mechanisms probed for, only emotional clarity increased with age and accounted for altruistically motivated helping. This was associated with greater functional integration of the empathy-related network with fronto-parietal brain regions at rest. We isolate a highly specific neuroaffective mechanism as the crucial driver of altruistically motivated helping during child development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Hoffmann
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Grosse Wiesmann
- Research Group Milestones of Early Cognitive Development, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tania Singer
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Max Planck Society, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Steinbeis
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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42
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Glöckner F, Schuck NW, Li SC. Differential prioritization of intramaze cue and boundary information during spatial navigation across the human lifespan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15257. [PMID: 34315933 PMCID: PMC8316315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial learning can be based on intramaze cues and environmental boundaries. These processes are predominantly subserved by striatal- and hippocampal-dependent circuitries, respectively. Maturation and aging processes in these brain regions may affect lifespan differences in their contributions to spatial learning. We independently manipulated an intramaze cue or the environment's boundary in a navigation task in 27 younger children (6-8 years), 30 older children (10-13 years), 29 adolescents (15-17 years), 29 younger adults (20-35 years) and 26 older adults (65-80 years) to investigate lifespan age differences in the relative prioritization of either information. Whereas learning based on an intramaze cue showed earlier maturation during the progression from younger to later childhood and remained relatively stable across adulthood, maturation of boundary-based learning was more protracted towards peri-adolescence and showed strong aging-related decline. Furthermore, individual differences in prioritizing intramaze cue- over computationally more demanding boundary-based learning was positively associated with cognitive processing fluctuations and this association was partially mediated by spatial working memory capacity during adult, but not during child development. This evidence reveals different age gradients of two modes of spatial learning across the lifespan, which seem further influenced by individual differences in cognitive processing fluctuations and working memory, particularly during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franka Glöckner
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas W. Schuck
- grid.419526.d0000 0000 9859 7917Max Planck Research Group NeuroCode, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 14195 Berlin, Germany ,grid.4372.20000 0001 2105 1091Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Faculty of Psychology, Chair of Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Technische Universität Dresden, Zellescher Weg 17, 01069 Dresden, Germany ,grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257CeTI - Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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43
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Scales ML, Pathman T. Flexible retrieval of semantic knowledge predicts temporal memory, but not memory for other types of context, in 4-6-year-olds. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Warren DE, Rangel AJ, Christopher-Hayes NJ, Eastman JA, Frenzel MR, Stephen JM, Calhoun VD, Wang YP, Wilson TW. Resting-state functional connectivity of the human hippocampus in periadolescent children: Associations with age and memory performance. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3620-3642. [PMID: 33978276 PMCID: PMC8249892 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is necessary for declarative (relational) memory, and the ability to form hippocampal‐dependent memories develops through late adolescence. This developmental trajectory of hippocampal‐dependent memory could reflect maturation of intrinsic functional brain networks, but resting‐state functional connectivity (rs‐FC) of the human hippocampus is not well‐characterized for periadolescent children. Measuring hippocampal rs‐FC in periadolescence would thus fill a gap, and testing covariance of hippocampal rs‐FC with age and memory could inform theories of cognitive development. Here, we studied hippocampal rs‐FC in a cross‐sectional sample of healthy children (N = 96; 59 F; age 9–15 years) using a seed‐based approach, and linked these data with NIH Toolbox measures, the Picture‐Sequence Memory Test (PSMT) and the List Sorting Working Memory Test (LSWMT). The PSMT was expected to rely more on hippocampal‐dependent memory than the LSWMT. We observed hippocampal rs‐FC with an extensive brain network including temporal, parietal, and frontal regions. This pattern was consistent with prior work measuring hippocampal rs‐FC in younger and older samples. We also observed novel, regionally specific variation in hippocampal rs‐FC with age and hippocampal‐dependent memory but not working memory. Evidence consistent with these findings was observed in a second, validation dataset of similar‐age healthy children drawn from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopment Cohort. Further, a cross‐dataset analysis suggested generalizable properties of hippocampal rs‐FC and covariance with age and memory. Our findings connect prior work by describing hippocampal rs‐FC and covariance with age and memory in typically developing periadolescent children, and our observations suggest a developmental trajectory for brain networks that support hippocampal‐dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Warren
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Anthony J Rangel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Jacob A Eastman
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Michaela R Frenzel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - Vince D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Tony W Wilson
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.,Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, Nebraska, USA
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Rajan V, Cuevas K, Bell MA. Memory binding and theta EEG during middle childhood. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22124. [PMID: 33959957 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The ability to bind together the contextual details associated with an event undergoes dramatic improvement during childhood. However, few studies have examined the neural correlates of memory binding encoding and retrieval during middle childhood. We examined age-related encoding and retrieval differences using continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) measures in a sample of 6- and 8-year-olds. For the memory binding task, children were tested on memory for individual items (i.e., objects and backgrounds only) and combined object-backgrounds pairings (combination condition). Memory for individual item information was comparable across both age groups. However, younger children experienced greater difficulty (i.e., higher false alarm rate) in the combination condition. Theta (4-7 Hz) neuronal oscillations were analyzed to compare memory encoding and retrieval processes. Widespread retrieval-related increases in theta band EEG power (compared with baseline and encoding-related activation) were evident in both 6- and 8-year-olds. Regression analyses revealed that parietal theta EEG power during retrieval accounted for variability in memory binding performance. These findings suggest that theta rhythms are intricately linked to memory binding processes during middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinaya Rajan
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly Cuevas
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Waterbury, Connecticut, USA
| | - Martha Ann Bell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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Sipe SJ, Pathman T. Memory at Play: Examining Relations Between Episodic and Semantic Memory in a Children's Museum. Child Dev 2021; 92:e270-e284. [PMID: 33368186 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relation between episodic and semantic memory was examined by testing how semantic knowledge influences children's episodic memory for events and their locations. Five-, six-, and seven-year-olds (N = 87) engaged in events in a children's museum designed as a town. Events were semantically congruent or incongruent with the spatial location (e.g., sorting mail at post office vs. grocery store). In addition to this experimental paradigm, a semantic interview assessed children's semantic knowledge about real-world locations. Accuracy in the experimental paradigm showed that children's semantic memory influenced memory for locations. Interviews revealed age-related improvements in children's semantic knowledge. Regression analyses examined factors that best supported episodic memory. These results provide novel insights and highlight the utility of research in naturalistic settings.
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47
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Deker L, Pathman T. Did I visit the polar bear before the giraffe? Examining memory for temporal order and the temporal distance effect in early to middle childhood. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Deker
- Department of Psychology, York University Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Thanujeni Pathman
- Department of Psychology, York University Toronto Ontario Canada
- LaMarsh Centre for Child and Youth Research, York University Toronto Ontario Canada
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48
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Fernandez‐Baizan C, Arias JL, Mendez M. Egocentric and allocentric spatial memory in young children: A comparison with young adults. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Fernandez‐Baizan
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) 33003 Oviedo Spain
- Department of Psychology University of Oviedo 33003 Oviedo Spain
| | - Jorge L. Arias
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) 33003 Oviedo Spain
- Department of Psychology University of Oviedo 33003 Oviedo Spain
| | - Marta Mendez
- Neuroscience Institute of Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) 33003 Oviedo Spain
- Department of Psychology University of Oviedo 33003 Oviedo Spain
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49
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Mouthon AL, Meyer-Heim A, Huber R, Van Hedel HJA. Neural correlates of memory recovery: Preliminary findings in children and adolescents with acquired brain injury. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2021; 39:61-71. [PMID: 33579882 PMCID: PMC7990412 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: After acquired brain injury (ABI), patients show various neurological impairments and outcome is difficult to predict. Identifying biomarkers of recovery could provide prognostic information about a patient’s neural potential for recovery and improve our understanding of neural reorganization. In healthy subjects, sleep slow wave activity (SWA, EEG spectral power 1–4.5 Hz) has been linked to neuroplastic processes such as learning and brain maturation. Therefore, we suggest that SWA might be a suitable measure to investigate neural reorganization underlying memory recovery. Objectives: In the present study, we used SWA to investigate neural correlates of recovery of function in ten paediatric patients with ABI (age range 7–15 years). Methods: We recorded high-density EEG (128 electrodes) during sleep at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. We used sleep EEG data of 52 typically developing children to calculate age-normalized values for individual patients. In patients, we also assessed every-day life memory impairment at the beginning and end of rehabilitation. Results: In the course of rehabilitation, memory recovery was paralleled by longitudinal changes in SWA over posterior parietal brain areas. SWA over left prefrontal and occipital brain areas at the beginning of rehabilitation predicted memory recovery. Conclusions: We show that longitudinal sleep-EEG measurements are feasible in the clinical setting. While posterior parietal and prefrontal brain areas are known to belong to the memory “core network”, occipital brain areas have never been related to memory. While we have to remain cautious in interpreting preliminary findings, we suggest that SWA is a promising measure to investigate neural reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Mouthon
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Meyer-Heim
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reto Huber
- Child Development Centre and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubertus J A Van Hedel
- Swiss Children's Rehab - Research Department and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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50
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Age-Related Increases in Posterior Hippocampal Granularity Are Associated with Remote Detailed Episodic Memory in Development. J Neurosci 2021; 41:1738-1754. [PMID: 33443075 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1738-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Episodic memory is critical to human functioning. In adults, episodic memory involves a distributed neural circuit in which the hippocampus plays a central role. As episodic memory abilities continue to develop across childhood and into adolescence, studying episodic memory maturation can provide insight into the development and construction of these hippocampal networks, and ultimately clues to their function in adulthood. While past developmental studies have shown that the hippocampus helps to support memory in middle childhood and adolescence, the extent to which ongoing maturation within the hippocampus contributes to developmental change in episodic memory abilities remains unclear. In contrast, slower maturing regions, such as the PFC, have been suggested to be the neurobiological locus of memory improvements into adolescence. However, it is also possible that the methods used to detect hippocampal development during middle childhood and adolescence are not sensitive enough. Here, we examine how temporal covariance (or differentiation) in voxel representations within anterior and posterior hippocampus change with age to support the development of detailed recollection in male and female developing humans. We find age-related increases in the distinctiveness of temporal activation profiles in the posterior, but not anterior, hippocampus. Second, we show that this measure of granularity, when present during postencoding rest periods, correlates with the recall of detailed memories of preceding stimuli several weeks postencoding, suggesting that granularity may promote memory stabilization.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Studying hippocampal maturation can provide insight into episodic memory development, as well as clues to episodic functioning in adulthood. Past work has shown evidence both for and against hippocampal contributions to age-related improvements in memory performance, but has relied heavily on univariate approaches (averaging activity across hippocampal voxels), which may not be sensitive to nuanced developmental change. Here we use a novel approach, examining time signatures in individual hippocampal voxels to reveal regionally specific (anterior vs posterior hippocampus) differences in the distinctiveness (granularity) of temporal activation profiles across development. Importantly, posterior hippocampus granularity during windows of putative memory stabilization was associated with long-term memory specificity. This suggests that the posterior hippocampus gradually builds the capacity to support detailed episodic recall.
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