1
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García-Silva S, Peinado H. Mechanisms of lymph node metastasis: An extracellular vesicle perspective. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151447. [PMID: 39116620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In several solid tumors such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer or melanoma, tumor draining lymph nodes are the earliest tissues where colonization by tumor cells is detected. Lymph nodes act as sentinels of metastatic dissemination, the deadliest phase of tumor progression. Besides hematogenous dissemination, lymphatic spread of tumor cells has been demonstrated, adding more complexity to the mechanisms involved in metastasis. A network of blood and lymphatic vessels surrounds tumors providing routes for tumor soluble factors to mediate regional and long-distance effects. Additionally, extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly small EVs/exosomes, have been shown to circulate through the blood and lymph, favoring the formation of pre-metastatic niches in the tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) and distant organs. In this review, we present an overview of the relevance of lymph node metastasis, the structural and immune changes occurring in TDLNs during tumor progression, and how extracellular vesicles contribute to modulating some of these alterations while promoting the formation of lymph node pre-metastatic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana García-Silva
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Héctor Peinado
- Microenvironment and Metastasis Laboratory, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Zhao G, Wang S, Nie G, Li N. Unlocking the power of nanomedicine: Cell membrane-derived biomimetic cancer nanovaccines for cancer treatment. MED 2024; 5:660-688. [PMID: 38582088 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, nanomedicine researchers have dedicated their efforts to developing nanoscale platforms capable of more precisely delivering drug payloads to attack tumors. Cancer nanovaccines are exhibiting a distinctive capability in inducing tumor-specific antitumor responses. Nevertheless, there remain numerous challenges that must be addressed for cancer nanovaccines to evoke sufficient therapeutic effects. Cell membrane-derived nanovaccines are an emerging class of cancer vaccines that comprise a synthetic nanoscale core camouflaged by naturally derived cell membranes. The specific cell membrane has a biomimetic nanoformulation with several distinctive abilities, such as immune evasion, enhanced biocompatibility, and tumor targeting, typically associated with a source cell. Here, we discuss the advancements of cell membrane-derived nanovaccines and how these vaccines are used for cancer therapeutics. Translational endeavors are currently in progress, and additional research is also necessary to effectively address crucial areas of demand, thereby facilitating the future successful translation of these emerging vaccine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zhao
- Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety & CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Ning Li
- Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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3
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Coelho LL, Vianna MM, da Silva DM, Gonzaga BMDS, Ferreira RR, Monteiro AC, Bonomo AC, Manso PPDA, de Carvalho MA, Vargas FR, Garzoni LR. Spheroid Model of Mammary Tumor Cells: Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Doxorubicin Response. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:463. [PMID: 39056658 PMCID: PMC11273983 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide. Therapeutic strategies to control tumors and metastasis are still challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid-type systems more accurately replicate the features of tumors in vivo, working as a better platform for performing therapeutic response analysis. This work aimed to characterize the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and doxorubicin (dox) response in a mammary tumor spheroid (MTS) model. We evaluated the doxorubicin treatment effect on MCF-7 spheroid diameter, cell viability, death, migration and proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Spheroids were also produced from tumors formed from 4T1 and 67NR cell lines. MTSs mimicked avascular tumor characteristics, exhibited adherens junction proteins and independently produced their own extracellular matrix. Our spheroid model supports the 3D culturing of cells isolated from mice mammary tumors. Through the migration assay, we verified a reduction in E-cadherin expression and an increase in vimentin expression as the cells became more distant from spheroids. Dox promoted cytotoxicity in MTSs and inhibited cell migration and the EMT process. These results suggest, for the first time, that this model reproduces aspects of the EMT process and describes the potential of dox in inhibiting the metastatic process, which can be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lacerda Coelho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Matheus Menezes Vianna
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Debora Moraes da Silva
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Beatriz Matheus de Souza Gonzaga
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Roberto Rodrigues Ferreira
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
| | - Ana Carolina Monteiro
- Laboratory of Osteo and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunobiology, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro 24020-150, Brazil;
- Thymus Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Cesar Bonomo
- Thymus Research Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Paulo de Abreu Manso
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | | | - Fernando Regla Vargas
- Laboratory of Epidemiology of Congenital Malformations, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Luciana Ribeiro Garzoni
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (L.L.C.); (M.M.V.); (D.M.d.S.); (B.M.d.S.G.); (R.R.F.)
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4
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Guo Y, Kasai Y, Tanaka Y, Ohashi‐Kumagai Y, Sakamoto T, Ito T, Murakami Y. IGSF3 is a homophilic cell adhesion molecule that drives lung metastasis of melanoma by promoting adhesion to vascular endothelium. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1936-1947. [PMID: 38590281 PMCID: PMC11145127 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) is one of the largest families of cell-surface molecules involved in various cell-cell interactions, including cancer-stromal interactions. In this study, we undertook a comprehensive RT-PCR-based screening for IgSF molecules that promote experimental lung metastasis in mice. By comparing the expression of 325 genes encoding cell-surface IgSF molecules between mouse melanoma B16 cells and its highly metastatic subline, B16F10 cells, we found that expression of the immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 gene (Igsf3) was significantly enhanced in B16F10 cells than in B16 cells. Knockdown of Igsf3 in B16F10 cells significantly reduced lung metastasis following intravenous injection into C57BL/6 mice. IGSF3 promoted adhesion of B16F10 cells to vascular endothelial cells and functioned as a homophilic cell adhesion molecule between B16F10 cells and vascular endothelial cells. Notably, the knockdown of IGSF3 in either B16F10 cells or vascular endothelial cells suppressed the transendothelial migration of B16F10 cells. Moreover, IGSF3 knockdown suppressed the extravasation of B16F10 cells into the lungs after intravenous injection. These results suggest that IGSF3 promotes the metastatic potential of B16F10 cells in the lungs by facilitating their adhesion to vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yutaka Kasai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuto Tanaka
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Ohashi‐Kumagai
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Takeharu Sakamoto
- Department of Cancer BiologyInstitute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical UniversityHirakataJapan
| | - Takeshi Ito
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular PathologyThe Institute of Medical Science, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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5
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Hoving JJA, Harford-Wright E, Wingfield-Digby P, Cattin AL, Campana M, Power A, Morgan T, Torchiaro E, Quereda V, Lloyd AC. N-cadherin directs the collective Schwann cell migration required for nerve regeneration through Slit2/3-mediated contact inhibition of locomotion. eLife 2024; 13:e88872. [PMID: 38591541 PMCID: PMC11052573 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Collective cell migration is fundamental for the development of organisms and in the adult for tissue regeneration and in pathological conditions such as cancer. Migration as a coherent group requires the maintenance of cell-cell interactions, while contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL), a local repulsive force, can propel the group forward. Here we show that the cell-cell interaction molecule, N-cadherin, regulates both adhesion and repulsion processes during Schwann cell (SC) collective migration, which is required for peripheral nerve regeneration. However, distinct from its role in cell-cell adhesion, the repulsion process is independent of N-cadherin trans-homodimerisation and the associated adherens junction complex. Rather, the extracellular domain of N-cadherin is required to present the repulsive Slit2/Slit3 signal at the cell surface. Inhibiting Slit2/Slit3 signalling inhibits CIL and subsequently collective SC migration, resulting in adherent, nonmigratory cell clusters. Moreover, analysis of ex vivo explants from mice following sciatic nerve injury showed that inhibition of Slit2 decreased SC collective migration and increased clustering of SCs within the nerve bridge. These findings provide insight into how opposing signals can mediate collective cell migration and how CIL pathways are promising targets for inhibiting pathological cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian JA Hoving
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Harford-Wright
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Patrick Wingfield-Digby
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Cattin
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Mariana Campana
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alex Power
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Toby Morgan
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Erica Torchiaro
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Victor Quereda
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Alison C Lloyd
- UCL Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and the UCL Cancer Institute, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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6
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Zhang J, Yu H, Li G. Engineered cell membrane-coated nanoparticles based cancer therapy: A robust weapon against the lethal and challenging hepatocellular carcinoma. Biointerphases 2024; 19:020801. [PMID: 38607255 DOI: 10.1116/6.0003204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become an important public health problem, and there are still challenges to overcome in clinical treatment. The nanodrug delivery system (NDDS) has developed tremendously in recent years, and many researchers have explored NDDS for the treatment of HCC. Engineered cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (ECNPs) have emerged, combining the unique functions of cell membranes with the engineering versatility of synthetic nanoparticles (NPs) to effectively deliver therapeutic drugs. It is designed to have the capabilities: specific active targeting, immune evasion, prolonging the circulation blood time, controlled drug release delivery, and reducing drugs systematic toxicity. Thus, ECNPs are a promising bionic tool in the treatment of HCC and have operability to achieve combination and integrated therapy. This review focuses on the mechanism and strategy of ECNPs for the treatment of HCC and summarizes its research progress in the treatment of HCC in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongjuan Yu
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Caolu Community Health Service Center, Shanghai 201209, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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7
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Śliwa A, Szczerba A, Pięta PP, Białas P, Lorek J, Nowak-Markwitz E, Jankowska A. A Recipe for Successful Metastasis: Transition and Migratory Modes of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:783. [PMID: 38398174 PMCID: PMC10886816 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the characteristic features of ovarian cancer is its early dissemination. Metastasis and the invasiveness of ovarian cancer are strongly dependent on the phenotypical and molecular determinants of cancer cells. Invasive cancer cells, circulating tumor cells, and cancer stem cells, which are responsible for the metastatic process, may all undergo different modes of transition, giving rise to mesenchymal, amoeboid, and redifferentiated epithelial cells. Such variability is the result of the changing needs of cancer cells, which strive to survive and colonize new organs. This would not be possible if not for the variety of migration modes adopted by the transformed cells. The most common type of metastasis in ovarian cancer is dissemination through the transcoelomic route, but transitions in ovarian cancer cells contribute greatly to hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination. This review aims to outline the transition modes of ovarian cancer cells and discuss the migratory capabilities of those cells in light of the known ovarian cancer metastasis routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Śliwa
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Szczerba
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Pięta
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Piotr Białas
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jakub Lorek
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-101 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowak-Markwitz
- Gynecologic Oncology Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 33 Polna Street, 60-101 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Jankowska
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 5D, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Hao Dong T, Yau Wen Ning A, Yin Quan T. Network pharmacology-integrated molecular docking analysis of phytocompounds of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (peacock flower) as potential anti-metastatic agents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1778-1794. [PMID: 37060321 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2202273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Caesalpinia pulcherrima, or peacock flower, has been a subject of cancer therapeutics research, showing promising anti-cancer and anti-metastatic properties. The present research aims to investigate the anti-metastatic potential of the flower, through bioinformatics approaches. Metastasis targets numbering 471 were identified through overlap analysis following NCBI gene, Gene Card and OMIM query. Phytocompounds of the flower were retrieved from PubChem and their protein interactions predicted using Super-PRED and TargetNet. The 28 targets that overlapped with the predicted proteins were used to generate STRING >0.7. Enrichment analysis revealed that C. pulcherrima may inhibit metastasis through angiogenesis-related and leukocyte migration-related pathways. HSP90AA1, ESR1, PIK3CA, ERBB2, KDR and MMP9 were identified as potential core targets while and 6 compounds (3-[(4-Hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-7,8-dimethoxychromen-4-one (163076213), clotrimazole (2812), Isovouacapenol A (636673), [(4aR,5R,6aS,7R,11aS,11bR)-4a-hydroxy-4,4,7,11b-tetramethyl-9-oxo-1,2,3,5,6,6a,7,11a-octahydronaphtho[2,1-f][1]benzofuran-5-yl] benzoate (163104827), Stigmast-5-en-3beta-ol (86821) and 4,2'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone (592216)) were identified as potential core compounds. Molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamics simulations investigations revealed that ERBB2, HSP90AA1 and KDR, along with the newly discovered 163076213 compound to be the most significant metastasis targets and bioactive compound, respectively. These three core targets demonstrated interactions consistent with angiogenesis and leukocyte migration pathways. Furthermore, potentially novel interactions, such as KDR-MMP9, KDR-PIK3CA, ERBB2-HSP90AA1, ERBB2-ESR1, ERBB2-PIK3CA and ERBB2-MMP9 interactions were identified and may play a role in crosslinking the aforementioned metastatic pathways. Therefore, the present study revealed the main mechanisms behind the anti-metastatic effects of C. pulcherrima, paving the path for further research on these compounds and proteins to accelerate the research of cancer therapeutics and application of C. pulcherrima.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Hao Dong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Ashlyn Yau Wen Ning
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tang Yin Quan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Medical Advancement for Better Quality of Life Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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9
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George S, Martin JAJ, Graziani V, Sanz-Moreno V. Amoeboid migration in health and disease: Immune responses versus cancer dissemination. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1091801. [PMID: 36699013 PMCID: PMC9869768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell migration is crucial for efficient immune responses and is aberrantly used by cancer cells during metastatic dissemination. Amoeboid migrating cells use myosin II-powered blebs to propel themselves, and change morphology and direction. Immune cells use amoeboid strategies to respond rapidly to infection or tissue damage, which require quick passage through several barriers, including blood, lymph and interstitial tissues, with complex and varied environments. Amoeboid migration is also used by metastatic cancer cells to aid their migration, dissemination and survival, whereby key mechanisms are hijacked from professionally motile immune cells. We explore important parallels observed between amoeboid immune and cancer cells. We also consider key distinctions that separate the lifespan, state and fate of these cell types as they migrate and/or fulfil their function. Finally, we reflect on unexplored areas of research that would enhance our understanding of how tumour cells use immune cell strategies during metastasis, and how to target these processes.
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10
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Mannion AJ, Odell AF, Baker SM, Matthews LC, Jones PF, Cook GP. Pro- and anti-tumour activities of CD146/MCAM in breast cancer result from its heterogeneous expression and association with epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1129015. [PMID: 37138793 PMCID: PMC10150653 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1129015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD146, also known as melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM), is expressed in numerous cancers and has been implicated in the regulation of metastasis. We show that CD146 negatively regulates transendothelial migration (TEM) in breast cancer. This inhibitory activity is reflected by a reduction in MCAM gene expression and increased promoter methylation in tumour tissue compared to normal breast tissue. However, increased CD146/MCAM expression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, a characteristic that is difficult to reconcile with inhibition of TEM by CD146 and its epigenetic silencing. Single cell transcriptome data revealed MCAM expression in multiple cell types, including the malignant cells, tumour vasculature and normal epithelium. MCAM expressing malignant cells were in the minority and expression was associated with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, gene expression signatures defining invasiveness and a stem cell-like phenotype were most strongly associated with mesenchymal-like tumour cells with low levels of MCAM mRNA, likely to represent a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) state. Our results show that high levels of MCAM gene expression are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer because they reflect tumour vascularisation and high levels of EMT. We suggest that high levels of mesenchymal-like malignant cells reflect large populations of hybrid E/M cells and that low CD146 expression on these hybrid cells is permissive for TEM, aiding metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarren J. Mannion
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Adam F. Odell
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Syed Murtuza Baker
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C. Matthews
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela F. Jones
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Graham P. Cook
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds School of Medicine, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Graham P. Cook,
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11
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Chen Y, Zhu M, Huang B, Jiang Y, Su J. Advances in cell membrane-coated nanoparticles and their applications for bone therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 144:213232. [PMID: 36502750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the specific structure of natural bone, most of the therapeutics are incapable to be delivered into the targeted site with effective concentrations. Nanotechnology has provided a good way to improve this issue, cell membrane mimetic nanoparticles (NPs) have been emerging as an ideal nanomaterial which integrates the advantages of natural cell membranes with synthetic NPs to significantly improve the biocompatibility as well as achieving long-lasting circulation and targeted delivery. In addition, functionalized modifications of the cell membrane facilitate more precise targeting and therapy. Here, an overview of the preparation of cell membrane-coated NPs and the properties of cell membranes from different cell sources has been given to expatiate their function and potential applications. Strategies for functionalized modification of cell membranes are also briefly described. The application of cell membrane-coated NPs for bone therapy is then presented according to the function of cell membranes. Moreover, the prospects and challenges of cell membrane-coated NPs for translational medicine have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Chen
- Organoid Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Mengru Zhu
- Organoid Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Biaotong Huang
- Organoid Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China; Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai University, Wenzhou 325000, PR China.
| | - Yingying Jiang
- Organoid Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Organoid Research Centre, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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12
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Nectins and Nectin-like Molecules in Colorectal Cancer: Role in Diagnostics, Prognostic Values, and Emerging Treatment Options: A Literature Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123076. [PMID: 36553083 PMCID: PMC9777592 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, colorectal cancer was the third most common type of cancer worldwide with a clearly visible increase in the number of cases each year. With relatively high mortality rates and an uncertain prognosis, colorectal cancer is a serious health problem. There is an urgent need to investigate its specific mechanism of carcinogenesis and progression in order to develop new strategies of action against this cancer. Nectins and Nectin-like molecules are cell adhesion molecules that take part in a plethora of essential processes in healthy tissues as well as mediating substantial actions for tumor initiation and evolution. Our understanding of their role and a viable application of this in anti-cancer therapy has rapidly improved in recent years. This review summarizes the current data on the role nectins and Nectin-like molecules play in colorectal cancer.
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13
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Bahr JC, Li XY, Feinberg TY, Jiang L, Weiss SJ. Divergent regulation of basement membrane trafficking by human macrophages and cancer cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6409. [PMID: 36302921 PMCID: PMC9613642 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages and cancer cells populations are posited to navigate basement membrane barriers by either mobilizing proteolytic enzymes or deploying mechanical forces. Nevertheless, the relative roles, or identity, of the proteinase -dependent or -independent mechanisms used by macrophages versus cancer cells to transmigrate basement membrane barriers harboring physiologically-relevant covalent crosslinks remains ill-defined. Herein, both macrophages and cancer cells are shown to mobilize membrane-anchored matrix metalloproteinases to proteolytically remodel native basement membranes isolated from murine tissues while infiltrating the underlying interstitial matrix ex vivo. In the absence of proteolytic activity, however, only macrophages deploy actomyosin-generated forces to transmigrate basement membrane pores, thereby providing the cells with proteinase-independent access to the interstitial matrix while simultaneously exerting global effects on the macrophage transcriptome. By contrast, cancer cell invasive activity is reliant on metalloproteinase activity and neither mechanical force nor changes in nuclear rigidity rescue basement membrane transmigration. These studies identify membrane-anchored matrix metalloproteinases as key proteolytic effectors of basement membrane remodeling by macrophages and cancer cells while also defining the divergent invasive strategies used by normal and neoplastic cells to traverse native tissue barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Bahr
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Tamar Y Feinberg
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Long Jiang
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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14
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Bitaraf M, Mahmanzar M, Zafari N, Mohammadpour H, Vasei M, Moradi Matin L, Kajbafzadeh AM, Majidi Zolbin M. The potential key genes and pathways associated with Wilms tumor in quest of proper candidates for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17906. [PMID: 36284226 PMCID: PMC9596724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To designate the probable most important differentially expressed genes and genetic pathways in Wilms tumor and assess their expression and diagnostic potential by RT-PCR and statistical analysis. Systematic review of the literature and various bioinformatics analysis was carried out to gather and narrow down data. The expression of end-resulting genes was compared in Wilms tumor and normal tissue samples using RT-PCR. Statistical tests reported the diagnostic accuracy of genes and their correlation with clinicopathological features. Four genes including CDH1, NCAM1, EGF, and IGF2 were designated. The panel combining them has 100% sensitivity and specificity in differentiating tumors from normal tissue. Eight pathways, most involved in cell-cell and cell-basal matrix junction interactions, were found to be associated with disease pathogenesis. The suggested genes should undergo further evaluation to be validated as diagnostic biomarkers. Further research on the eight proposed pathways is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Bitaraf
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Qarib’s St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194 33151 Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Mahmanzar
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Qarib’s St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194 33151 Iran ,grid.46072.370000 0004 0612 7950Department of Bioinformatics, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
| | - Narges Zafari
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Mohammadpour
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vasei
- grid.415646.40000 0004 0612 6034 Cell Therapy Based Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leyla Moradi Matin
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Qarib’s St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194 33151 Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Qarib’s St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194 33151 Iran
| | - Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Qarib’s St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194 33151 Iran
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15
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Alexandrova A, Lomakina M. How does plasticity of migration help tumor cells to avoid treatment: Cytoskeletal regulators and potential markers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:962652. [PMID: 36278174 PMCID: PMC9582651 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.962652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor shrinkage as a result of antitumor therapy is not the only and sufficient indicator of treatment success. Cancer progression leads to dissemination of tumor cells and formation of metastases - secondary tumor lesions in distant organs. Metastasis is associated with acquisition of mobile phenotype by tumor cells as a result of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and further cell migration based on cytoskeleton reorganization. The main mechanisms of individual cell migration are either mesenchymal, which depends on the activity of small GTPase Rac, actin polymerization, formation of adhesions with extracellular matrix and activity of proteolytic enzymes or amoeboid, which is based on the increase in intracellular pressure caused by the enhancement of actin cortex contractility regulated by Rho-ROCK-MLCKII pathway, and does not depend on the formation of adhesive structures with the matrix, nor on the activity of proteases. The ability of tumor cells to switch from one motility mode to another depending on cell context and environmental conditions, termed migratory plasticity, contributes to the efficiency of dissemination and often allows the cells to avoid the applied treatment. The search for new therapeutic targets among cytoskeletal proteins offers an opportunity to directly influence cell migration. For successful treatment it is important to assess the likelihood of migratory plasticity in a particular tumor. Therefore, the search for specific markers that can indicate a high probability of migratory plasticity is very important.
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16
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Raskov H, Orhan A, Gaggar S, Gögenur I. Neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells: an emerging battleground in cancer therapy. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:22. [PMID: 35504900 PMCID: PMC9065109 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are central mediators of innate and adaptive immunity and first responders to tissue damage. Although vital to our health, their activation, function, and resolution are critical to preventing chronic inflammation that may contribute to carcinogenesis. Cancers are associated with the expansion of the neutrophil compartment with an escalation in the number of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in the peripheral circulation and tumor microenvironment. Although phenotypically similar to classically activated neutrophils, PMN-MDSC is pathologically activated and immunosuppressive in nature. They dynamically interact with other cell populations and tissue components and convey resistance to anticancer therapies while accelerating disease progression and metastatic spread. Cancer-associated neutrophilia and tumor infiltration of neutrophils are significant markers of poor outcomes in many cancers. Recently, there has been significant progress in the identification of molecular markers of PMN-MDSC providing insights into the central role of PMN-MDSC in the local tumor microenvironment as well as the systemic immune response in cancer. Further advances in sequencing and proteomics techniques will improve our understanding of their diverse functionalities and the complex molecular mechanisms at play. Targeting PMN-MDSC is currently one of the major focus areas in cancer research and several signaling pathways representing possible treatment targets have been identified. Positive results from preclinical studies clearly justify the current investigation in drug development and thus novel therapeutic strategies are being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the involvement of PMN-MDSC in cancer initiation and progression and their potential as therapeutic targets and clinical biomarkers in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Raskov
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.
| | - Adile Orhan
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shruti Gaggar
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenur
- Center for Surgical Science, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Lavenus SB, Vosatka KW, Caruso AP, Ullo MF, Khan A, Logue JS. Emerin regulation of nuclear stiffness is required for fast amoeboid migration in confined environments. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274946. [PMID: 35362531 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
When metastasizing, tumor cells must traverse environments with diverse physicochemical properties. Recently, the cell nucleus has emerged as a major regulator of the transition from mesenchymal to fast amoeboid (leader bleb-based) migration. Here, in melanoma cells, we demonstrate that increasing nuclear stiffness through elevating Lamin A, inhibits fast amoeboid migration. Importantly, nuclei may respond to force through stiffening. A key factor in this process is the inner nuclear membrane (INM) protein, emerin. Accordingly, we determined the role of emerin in regulating fast amoeboid migration. Strikingly, we found that both the up- and down-regulation of emerin results in an inhibition of fast amoeboid migration. However, when key Src phosphorylation sites were removed, up-regulation of emerin no longer inhibited fast amoeboid migration. Interestingly, in confined cells, Src activity was low, as measured by a Src biosensor. Thus, the fast amoeboid migration of melanoma cells depends on the precise calibration of emerin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine B Lavenus
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Karl W Vosatka
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Alexa P Caruso
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Maria F Ullo
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Ayesha Khan
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Jeremy S Logue
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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18
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Wang D, Wang S, Zhou Z, Bai D, Zhang Q, Ai X, Gao W, Zhang L. White Blood Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles: Recent Development and Medical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101349. [PMID: 34468090 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
White blood cells (WBCs) are immune cells that play essential roles in critical diseases including cancers, infections, and inflammatory disorders. Their dynamic and diverse functions have inspired the development of WBC membrane-coated nanoparticles (denoted "WBC-NPs"), which are formed by fusing the plasma membranes of WBCs, such as macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and natural killer cells, onto synthetic nanoparticle cores. Inheriting the entire source cell antigens, WBC-NPs act as source cell decoys and simulate their broad biointerfacing properties with intriguing therapeutic potentials. Herein, the recent development and medical applications of WBC-NPs focusing on four areas, including WBC-NPs as carriers for drug delivery, as countermeasures for biological neutralization, as nanovaccines for immune modulation, and as tools for the isolation of circulating tumor cells and fundamental research is reviewed. Overall, the recent development and studies of WBC-NPs have established the platform as versatile nanotherapeutics and tools with broad medical application potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Dean Bai
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Qiangzhe Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Xiangzhao Ai
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, Moores Cancer Center University of California San Diego La Jolla San Diego CA 92093 USA
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19
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Live Cell Imaging and Analysis of Cancer-Cell Transmigration Through Endothelial Monolayers. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2441:329-338. [PMID: 35099749 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2059-5_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
During metastasis, a subset of cancer cells will break away from the primary tumor and invade into the surrounding tissue. Cancer cells which are able to breach the endothelium and enter the blood stream are then transported in the circulation to new target organs where they may seed as a distant metastasis. In order to invade this new organ, the cancer cells must bind to and traverse the vascular wall, a process known as transendothelial migration (TEM) or extravasation. This chapter describes an in vitro approach to automated live cell imaging and analysis of TEM in order to accurately quantify these kinetics and aid the researcher in dissecting the mechanisms of tumor-endothelial interactions during this phase of metastasis.
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20
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Parker PJ, Kishore U. Editorial: Signaling by Small GTPases in Metastatic Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841572. [PMID: 35127690 PMCID: PMC8814450 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Parker
- Francis Crick Institute and King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Peter J. Parker, ; Uday Kishore,
| | - Uday Kishore
- Biosciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Peter J. Parker, ; Uday Kishore,
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21
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Szulc-Kielbik I, Klink M. Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils and Tumors: Friend or Foe? EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2022; 113:141-167. [PMID: 35165863 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91311-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic network that apart from tumor cells includes also cells of the immune system, e.g., neutrophils, which are recruited from blood circulation. In TME, neutrophils are strongly implicated in the direct and indirect interactions with tumor cells or other immune cells, and they play roles in both preventing and/or facilitating tumor progression and metastasis. The dual role of neutrophils is determined by their high plasticity and heterogeneity. Analogous to the macrophages, neutrophils can express antitumoral (N1) and protumoral (N2) phenotypes which differ substantially in morphology and function. N1 phenotype characterizes with a high cytotoxic and proinflammatory activities, while N2 phenotype with immunosuppressive and prometastatic properties. The antitumoral effect of neutrophils includes for example the production of reactive oxygen species or proapoptotic molecules. The protumoral action of neutrophils relies on releasing of proangiogenic and prometastatic mediators, immunosuppressive factors, as well as on direct helping tumor cells in extravasation process. This chapter summarizes the heterogeneity of neutrophils in TME, as well as their dual role on tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Klink
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland.
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22
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Crosas-Molist E, Samain R, Kohlhammer L, Orgaz J, George S, Maiques O, Barcelo J, Sanz-Moreno V. RhoGTPase Signalling in Cancer Progression and Dissemination. Physiol Rev 2021; 102:455-510. [PMID: 34541899 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00045.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rho GTPases are a family of small G proteins that regulate a wide array of cellular processes related to their key roles controlling the cytoskeleton. On the other hand, cancer is a multi-step disease caused by the accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations, from the initial stages of cancer development when cells in normal tissues undergo transformation, to the acquisition of invasive and metastatic traits, responsible for a large number of cancer related deaths. In this review, we discuss the role of Rho GTPase signalling in cancer in every step of disease progression. Rho GTPases contribute to tumour initiation and progression, by regulating proliferation and apoptosis, but also metabolism, senescence and cell stemness. Rho GTPases play a major role in cell migration, and in the metastatic process. They are also involved in interactions with the tumour microenvironment and regulate inflammation, contributing to cancer progression. After years of intensive research, we highlight the importance of relevant models in the Rho GTPase field, and we reflect on the therapeutic opportunities arising for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Crosas-Molist
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Remi Samain
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leonie Kohlhammer
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jose Orgaz
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Alberto Sols', CSIC-UAM, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Samantha George
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jaume Barcelo
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Epithelial plasticity, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and the TGF-β family. Dev Cell 2021; 56:726-746. [PMID: 33756119 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells repress epithelial characteristics and elaborate mesenchymal characteristics to migrate to other locations and acquire new properties. Epithelial plasticity responses are directed through cooperation of signaling pathways, with TGF-β and TGF-β-related proteins playing prominent instructive roles. Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs) directed by activin-like molecules, bone morphogenetic proteins, or TGF-β regulate metazoan development and wound healing and drive fibrosis and cancer progression. In carcinomas, diverse EMTs enable stem cell generation, anti-cancer drug resistance, genomic instability, and localized immunosuppression. This review discusses roles of TGF-β and TGF-β-related proteins, and underlying molecular mechanisms, in epithelial plasticity in development and wound healing, fibrosis, and cancer.
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24
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Wrenn E, Huang Y, Cheung K. Collective metastasis: coordinating the multicellular voyage. Clin Exp Metastasis 2021; 38:373-399. [PMID: 34254215 PMCID: PMC8346286 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-021-10111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The metastatic process is arduous. Cancer cells must escape the confines of the primary tumor, make their way into and travel through the circulation, then survive and proliferate in unfavorable microenvironments. A key question is how cancer cells overcome these multiple barriers to orchestrate distant organ colonization. Accumulating evidence in human patients and animal models supports the hypothesis that clusters of tumor cells can complete the entire metastatic journey in a process referred to as collective metastasis. Here we highlight recent studies unraveling how multicellular coordination, via both physical and biochemical coupling of cells, induces cooperative properties advantageous for the completion of metastasis. We discuss conceptual challenges and unique mechanisms arising from collective dissemination that are distinct from single cell-based metastasis. Finally, we consider how the dissection of molecular transitions regulating collective metastasis could offer potential insight into cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Wrenn
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yin Huang
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Kevin Cheung
- Translational Research Program, Public Health Sciences and Human Biology Divisions, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
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25
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Mannion AJ, Odell AF, Taylor A, Jones PF, Cook GP. Tumour cell CD99 regulates transendothelial migration via CDC42 and actin remodelling. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs240135. [PMID: 34374417 PMCID: PMC8403985 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.240135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis requires tumour cells to cross endothelial cell (EC) barriers using pathways similar to those used by leucocytes during inflammation. Cell surface CD99 is expressed by healthy leucocytes and ECs, and participates in inflammatory transendothelial migration (TEM). Tumour cells also express CD99, and we have analysed its role in tumour progression and cancer cell TEM. Tumour cell CD99 was required for adhesion to ECs but inhibited invasion of the endothelial barrier and migratory activity. Furthermore, CD99 depletion in tumour cells caused redistribution of the actin cytoskeleton and increased activity of the Rho GTPase CDC42, known for its role in actin remodelling and cell migration. In a xenograft model of breast cancer, tumour cell CD99 expression inhibited metastatic progression, and patient samples showed reduced expression of the CD99 gene in brain metastases compared to matched primary breast tumours. We conclude that CD99 negatively regulates CDC42 and cell migration. However, CD99 has both pro- and anti-tumour activity, and our data suggest that this results in part from its functional linkage to CDC42 and the diverse signalling pathways downstream of this Rho GTPase. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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26
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Pramanik D, Jolly MK, Bhat R. Matrix adhesion and remodeling diversifies modes of cancer invasion across spatial scales. J Theor Biol 2021; 524:110733. [PMID: 33933478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The metastasis of malignant epithelial tumors begins with the egress of transformed cells from the confines of their basement membrane (BM) to their surrounding collagen-rich stroma. Invasion can be morphologically diverse: when breast cancer cells are separately cultured within BM-like matrix, collagen I (Coll I), or a combination of both, they exhibit collective-, dispersed mesenchymal-, and a mixed collective-dispersed (multimodal)- invasion, respectively. In this paper, we asked how distinct these invasive modes are with respect to the cellular and microenvironmental cues that drive them. A rigorous computational exploration of invasion was performed within an experimentally motivated Cellular Potts-based modeling environment. The model comprised of adhesive interactions between cancer cells, BM- and Coll I-like extracellular matrix (ECM), and reaction-diffusion-based remodeling of ECM. The model outputs were parameters cognate to dispersed- and collective- invasion. A clustering analysis of the output distribution curated through a careful examination of subsumed phenotypes suggested at least four distinct invasive states: dispersed, papillary-collective, bulk-collective, and multimodal, in addition to an indolent/non-invasive state. Mapping input values to specific output clusters suggested that each of these invasive states are specified by distinct input signatures of proliferation, adhesion and ECM remodeling. In addition, specific input perturbations allowed transitions between the clusters and revealed the variation in the robustness between the invasive states. Our systems-level approach proffers quantitative insights into how the diversity in ECM microenvironments may steer invasion into diverse phenotypic modes during early dissemination of breast cancer and contributes to tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Pramanik
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - M K Jolly
- Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - R Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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Zhao Y, Ting KK, Coleman P, Qi Y, Chen J, Vadas M, Gamble J. The Tumour Vasculature as a Target to Modulate Leucocyte Trafficking. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071724. [PMID: 33917287 PMCID: PMC8038724 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumour blood vessels, characterised by abnormal morphology and function, create an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment via restricting the appropriate leucocyte subsets trafficking. Strategies to trigger phenotypic alteration in tumour vascular system to resemble normal vascular system, named vascular normalisation, promote effective trafficking of leucocytes into tumours through enhancing the interactions between leucocytes and endothelial cells. This review specifically demonstrates how targeting tumour blood vessels modulates the critical steps of leucocyte trafficking. Furthermore, selective regulation of leucocyte subsets trafficking in tumours can be achieved by vasculature-targeting strategies, contributing to improved immunotherapy and thereby delayed tumour progression. Abstract The effectiveness of immunotherapy against solid tumours is dependent on the appropriate leucocyte subsets trafficking and accumulating in the tumour microenvironment (TME) with recruitment occurring at the endothelium. Such recruitment involves interactions between the leucocytes and the endothelial cells (ECs) of the vessel and occurs through a series of steps including leucocyte capture, their rolling, adhesion, and intraluminal crawling, and finally leucocyte transendothelial migration across the endothelium. The tumour vasculature can curb the trafficking of leucocytes through influencing each step of the leucocyte recruitment process, ultimately producing an immunoresistant microenvironment. Modulation of the tumour vasculature by strategies such as vascular normalisation have proven to be efficient in facilitating leucocyte trafficking into tumours and enhancing immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of abnormal tumour vasculature and its impact on leucocyte trafficking, and potential strategies for overcoming the tumour vascular abnormalities to boost immunotherapy via increasing leucocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-025-85811237 (Y.Z.); +61-02-95656225 (J.G.)
| | - Ka Ka Ting
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Paul Coleman
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Yanfei Qi
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia;
| | - Mathew Vadas
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
| | - Jennifer Gamble
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2050, Australia; (K.K.T.); (P.C.); (Y.Q.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-025-85811237 (Y.Z.); +61-02-95656225 (J.G.)
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L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation is modulated by the PI3K/SGK pathway and promotes breast cancer cell invasiveness. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:22. [PMID: 33618712 PMCID: PMC7898450 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00710-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metastasis is the predominant cause for cancer morbidity and mortality accounting for approximatively 90% of cancer deaths. The actin-bundling protein L-plastin has been proposed as a metastatic marker and phosphorylation on its residue Ser5 is known to increase its actin-bundling activity. We recently showed that activation of the ERK/MAPK signalling pathway leads to L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation and that the downstream kinases RSK1 and RSK2 are able to directly phosphorylate Ser5. Here we investigate the involvement of the PI3K pathway in L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation and the functional effect of this phosphorylation event in breast cancer cells. Methods To unravel the signal transduction network upstream of L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation, we performed computational modelling based on immunoblot analysis data, followed by experimental validation through inhibition/overexpression studies and in vitro kinase assays. To assess the functional impact of L-plastin expression/Ser5 phosphorylation in breast cancer cells, we either silenced L-plastin in cell lines initially expressing endogenous L-plastin or neoexpressed L-plastin wild type and phosphovariants in cell lines devoid of endogenous L-plastin. The established cell lines were used for cell biology experiments and confocal microscopy analysis. Results Our modelling approach revealed that, in addition to the ERK/MAPK pathway and depending on the cellular context, the PI3K pathway contributes to L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation through its downstream kinase SGK3. The results of the transwell invasion/migration assays showed that shRNA-mediated knockdown of L-plastin in BT-20 or HCC38 cells significantly reduced cell invasion, whereas stable expression of the phosphomimetic L-plastin Ser5Glu variant led to increased migration and invasion of BT-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, confocal image analysis combined with zymography experiments and gelatin degradation assays provided evidence that L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation promotes L-plastin recruitment to invadopodia, MMP-9 activity and concomitant extracellular matrix degradation. Conclusion Altogether, our results demonstrate that L-plastin Ser5 phosphorylation increases breast cancer cell invasiveness. Being a downstream molecule of both ERK/MAPK and PI3K/SGK pathways, L-plastin is proposed here as a potential target for therapeutic approaches that are aimed at blocking dysregulated signalling outcome of both pathways and, thus, at impairing cancer cell invasion and metastasis formation. Video abstract
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29
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Targeting the cytoskeleton against metastatic dissemination. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:89-140. [PMID: 33471283 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a pathology characterized by a loss or a perturbation of a number of typical features of normal cell behaviour. Indeed, the acquisition of an inappropriate migratory and invasive phenotype has been reported to be one of the hallmarks of cancer. The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic network of highly ordered interlinking filaments playing a key role in the control of fundamental cellular processes, like cell shape maintenance, motility, division and intracellular transport. Moreover, deregulation of this complex machinery contributes to cancer progression and malignancy, enabling cells to acquire an invasive and metastatic phenotype. Metastasis accounts for 90% of death from patients affected by solid tumours, while an efficient prevention and suppression of metastatic disease still remains elusive. This results in the lack of effective therapeutic options currently available for patients with advanced disease. In this context, the cytoskeleton with its regulatory and structural proteins emerges as a novel and highly effective target to be exploited for a substantial therapeutic effort toward the development of specific anti-metastatic drugs. Here we provide an overview of the role of cytoskeleton components and interacting proteins in cancer metastasis with a special focus on small molecule compounds interfering with the actin cytoskeleton organization and function. The emerging involvement of microtubules and intermediate filaments in cancer metastasis is also reviewed.
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30
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Zagryazhskaya-Masson A, Monteiro P, Macé AS, Castagnino A, Ferrari R, Infante E, Duperray-Susini A, Dingli F, Lanyi A, Loew D, Génot E, Chavrier P. Intersection of TKS5 and FGD1/CDC42 signaling cascades directs the formation of invadopodia. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201910132. [PMID: 32673397 PMCID: PMC7480108 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201910132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells exposed to a physiological matrix of type I collagen fibers form elongated collagenolytic invadopodia, which differ from dotty-like invadopodia forming on the gelatin substratum model. The related scaffold proteins, TKS5 and TKS4, are key components of the mechanism of invadopodia assembly. The molecular events through which TKS proteins direct collagenolytic invadopodia formation are poorly defined. Using coimmunoprecipitation experiments, identification of bound proteins by mass spectrometry, and in vitro pull-down experiments, we found an interaction between TKS5 and FGD1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho-GTPase CDC42, which is known for its role in the assembly of invadopodial actin core structure. A novel cell polarity network is uncovered comprising TKS5, FGD1, and CDC42, directing invadopodia formation and the polarization of MT1-MMP recycling compartments, required for invadopodia activity and invasion in a 3D collagen matrix. Additionally, our data unveil distinct signaling pathways involved in collagenolytic invadopodia formation downstream of TKS4 or TKS5 in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zagryazhskaya-Masson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Macé
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Alessia Castagnino
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Robin Ferrari
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Elvira Infante
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Aléria Duperray-Susini
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Arpad Lanyi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Damarys Loew
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomic Laboratory, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Génot
- European Institute of Chemistry and Biology, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1045, and Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Chavrier
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 144, Paris, France
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Farrugia AJ, Rodríguez J, Orgaz JL, Lucas M, Sanz-Moreno V, Calvo F. CDC42EP5/BORG3 modulates SEPT9 to promote actomyosin function, migration, and invasion. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e201912159. [PMID: 32798219 PMCID: PMC7480113 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201912159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast amoeboid migration is critical for developmental processes and can be hijacked by cancer cells to enhance metastatic dissemination. This migratory behavior is tightly controlled by high levels of actomyosin contractility, but how it is coupled to other cytoskeletal components is poorly understood. Septins are increasingly recognized as novel cytoskeletal components, but details on their regulation and contribution to migration are lacking. Here, we show that the septin regulator Cdc42EP5 is consistently required for amoeboid melanoma cells to invade and migrate into collagen-rich matrices and locally invade and disseminate in vivo. Cdc42EP5 associates with actin structures, leading to increased actomyosin contractility and amoeboid migration. Cdc42EP5 affects these functions through SEPT9-dependent F-actin cross-linking, which enables the generation of F-actin bundles required for the sustained stabilization of highly contractile actomyosin structures. This study provides evidence that Cdc42EP5 is a regulator of cancer cell motility that coordinates actin and septin networks and describes a unique role for SEPT9 in melanoma invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Farrugia
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Javier Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Jose L. Orgaz
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - María Lucas
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Fernando Calvo
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Cantabria), Santander, Spain
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Lin S, Taylor MD, Singh PK, Yang S. How does fascin promote cancer metastasis? FEBS J 2020; 288:1434-1446. [PMID: 32657526 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fascin is an F-actin-bundling protein that cross-links individual actin filaments into straight and stiff bundles. Fascin overexpression in cancer is strongly associated with poor prognosis and metastatic progression across different cancer types. It is well established that fascin plays a causative role in promoting metastatic progression. We will review the recent progress in our understanding of mechanisms underlying fascin-mediated cancer metastasis. This review will cover the biochemical basis for fascin-bundling activity, the mechanisms by which cancer cells upregulate fascin expression and the mechanism underlying fascin-mediated cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization. We propose that fascin has broad roles in both metastatic dissemination and metastatic colonization. Understanding these mechanisms will be crucial to the development of anti-metastasis therapeutics targeting fascin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchen Lin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D Taylor
- Department of Surgery, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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Alexandrova AY, Chikina AS, Svitkina TM. Actin cytoskeleton in mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition of cancer cells. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 356:197-256. [PMID: 33066874 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During development of metastasis, tumor cells migrate through different tissues and encounter different extracellular matrices. An ability of cells to adapt mechanisms of their migration to these diverse environmental conditions, called migration plasticity, gives tumor cells an advantage over normal cells for long distant dissemination. Different modes of individual cell motility-mesenchymal and amoeboid-are driven by different molecular mechanisms, which largely depend on functions of the actin cytoskeleton that can be modulated in a wide range by cellular signaling mechanisms in response to environmental conditions. Various triggers can switch one motility mode to another, but regulations of these transitions are incompletely understood. However, understanding of the mechanisms driving migration plasticity is instrumental for finding anti-cancer treatment capable to stop cancer metastasis. In this review, we discuss cytoskeletal features, which allow the individually migrating cells to switch between mesenchymal and amoeboid migrating modes, called mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition (MAT). We briefly describe main characteristics of different cell migration modes, and then discuss the triggering factors that initiate MAT with special attention to cytoskeletal features essential for migration plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Y Alexandrova
- Laboratory of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Aleksandra S Chikina
- Cell Migration and Invasion and Spatio-Temporal Regulation of Antigen Presentation teams, UMR144/U932 Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Tatyana M Svitkina
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Ellerin BE, Demandante CGN, Martins JT. Pure abscopal effect of radiotherapy in a salivary gland carcinoma: Case report, literature review, and a search for new approaches. Cancer Radiother 2020; 24:226-246. [PMID: 32192840 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of an 84-year-old woman with poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma of the right parotid who presented with headache, was found to have a primary right parotid gland cancer as well as metastatic disease, and underwent palliative radiotherapy to the primary site. The patient received no chemotherapy or immunotherapy, but both the primary site and several non-irradiated foci in the lungs regressed or completely resolved. The patient remained free of disease for about one year before progression. The case is a rare instance of abscopal regression of metastatic disease in the absence of pharmacologic immunomodulation. A literature review surveys the history of the abscopal effect of radiation therapy, attempts to understand the mechanisms of its successes and failures, and points to new approaches that can inform and improve the outcomes of radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J T Martins
- UT Health HOPE Cancer Center, Tyler, TX 75701, USA
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35
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Elhousiny M, Miller K, Ariyawadana A, Nimmo A. Identification of inflammatory mediators associated with metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in experimental and clinical studies: systematic review. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:481-492. [PMID: 31559586 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis, whether regional or distant, remains the main cause of morbidity and recurrence in oral cancer. The accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory mediators are strong drivers for cancer progression and spread. However, the precise role of these inflammatory mediators in mediating specific metastatic stage is poorly understood due to lack of integration/validation of experimental research data and the clinical trials, i.e., the data produced from research is not translated to clinical therapeutic targets. This, in turn, results in the lack of developing reliable biomarker that can be used for accurate diagnosis/prognosis of the tumour spread. We have performed a systematic review to assess the role of inflammatory mediators as potential markers for diagnosis/prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) metastasis. We carried out a systematic search the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases under the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Articles were divided into two groups; experimental (in-vivo) and clinical studies. The REporting recommendations for tumour MARKer prognostic studies Scale (REMARK) was used to assess the quality of the studies for the clinical search while Animal research: Reporting In-vivo experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines were used to assess the quality of the animal studies. Sixteen articles in the clinical group and four articles in the experimental group were included in the final review. We identified nine inflammatory mediators; CXCR4, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CCR7, IL-6, IL-18, CCL20 (MIP-3), CXCL1 (GRO-1), CCL3, CXCR2. This panel of inflammatory mediators can provide a framework for hypothesis testing of the potential value of these mediators in metastatic prognosis. We recommend carrying a large cohort study with data pooling for adequate assessment and testing of the inflammatory panel of mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Elhousiny
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
| | - Kate Miller
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Anura Ariyawadana
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- Griffith Health Institute, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Alan Nimmo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
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MT1-MMP directs force-producing proteolytic contacts that drive tumor cell invasion. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4886. [PMID: 31653854 PMCID: PMC6814785 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the mechanisms that govern the formation and function of invadopodia is essential towards the prevention of cancer spread. Here, we characterize the ultrastructural organization, dynamics and mechanical properties of collagenotytic invadopodia forming at the interface between breast cancer cells and a physiologic fibrillary type I collagen matrix. Our study highlights an uncovered role for MT1-MMP in directing invadopodia assembly independent of its proteolytic activity. Electron microscopy analysis reveals a polymerized Arp2/3 actin network at the concave side of the curved invadopodia in association with the collagen fibers. Actin polymerization is shown to produce pushing forces that repel the confining matrix fibers, and requires MT1-MMP matrix-degradative activity to widen the matrix pores and generate the invasive pathway. A theoretical model is proposed whereby pushing forces result from actin assembly and frictional forces in the actin meshwork due to the curved geometry of the matrix fibers that counterbalance resisting forces by the collagen fibers. The mechanism of force production by invadopodia is unclear. Here, the authors show that cell surface MT1-MMP when in contact with collagen, induces Arp2/3 branched actin polymerisation on the concave side of invadopodia, which generates a pushing force along with collagen cleavage by MT1-MMP to invade.
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Vohnoutka RB, Gulvady AC, Goreczny G, Alpha K, Handelman SK, Sexton JZ, Turner CE. The focal adhesion scaffold protein Hic-5 regulates vimentin organization in fibroblasts. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:3037-3056. [PMID: 31644368 PMCID: PMC6880880 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion (FA)-stimulated reorganization of the F-actin cytoskeleton regulates cellular size, shape, and mechanical properties. However, FA cross-talk with the intermediate filament cytoskeleton is poorly understood. Genetic ablation of the FA-associated scaffold protein Hic-5 in mouse cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promoted a dramatic collapse of the vimentin network, which was rescued following EGFP-Hic-5 expression. Vimentin collapse correlated with a loss of detergent-soluble vimentin filament precursors and decreased vimentin S72/S82 phosphorylation. Additionally, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis indicated impaired vimentin dynamics. Microtubule (MT)-associated EB1 tracking and Western blotting of MT posttranslational modifications indicated no change in MT dynamics that could explain the vimentin collapse. However, pharmacological inhibition of the RhoGTPase Cdc42 in Hic-5 knockout CAFs rescued the vimentin collapse, while pan-formin inhibition with SMIFH2 promoted vimentin collapse in Hic-5 heterozygous CAFs. Our results reveal novel regulation of vimentin organization/dynamics by the FA scaffold protein Hic-5 via modulation of RhoGTPases and downstream formin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishel B Vohnoutka
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Anushree C Gulvady
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Gregory Goreczny
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Kyle Alpha
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Samuel K Handelman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jonathan Z Sexton
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Christopher E Turner
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
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Reddy GP, Reddy LV, Kim S. CANCER BIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY. Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/9781119645214.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chikina AS, Rubtsova SN, Lomakina ME, Potashnikova DM, Vorobjev IA, Alexandrova AY. Transition from mesenchymal to bleb-based motility is predominantly exhibited by CD133-positive subpopulation of fibrosarcoma cells. Biol Cell 2019; 111:245-261. [PMID: 31403697 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION Metastatic disease is caused by the ability of cancer cells to reach distant organs and form secondary lesions at new locations. Dissemination of cancer cells depends on their migration plasticity - an ability to switch between motility modes driven by distinct molecular machineries. One of such switches is mesenchymal-to-amoeboid transition. Although mesenchymal migration of individual cells requires Arp2/3-dependent actin polymerisation, amoeboid migration is characterised by a high level of actomyosin contractility and often involves the formation of membrane blebs. The acquisition of amoeboid motility by mesenchymal cells is often associated with enhanced metastasis. RESULTS We studied the ability of mesenchymal HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells to switch to amoeboid motility. We induced the transition from lamellipodium-rich to blebbing phenotype either by down-regulating the Arp2/3 complex, pharmacologically or by RNAi, or by decreasing substrate adhesiveness. Each of these treatments induced blebbing in a subset of fibrosarcoma cells, but not in normal subcutaneous fibroblasts. A significant fraction of HT1080 cells that switched to blebbing behaviour exhibited stem cell-like features, such as expression of the stem cell marker CD133, an increased efflux of Hoechst-33342 and positive staining for Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog. Furthermore, the isolated CD133+ cells demonstrated an increased ability to switch to bleb-rich amoeboid phenotype both under inhibitor's treatment and in 3D collagen gels. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data show a significant correlation between the increased ability of cells to switch between migration modes and their stem-like features, suggesting that migration plasticity is an additional property of stem-like population of fibrosarcoma cells. This combination of features could facilitate both dissemination of these cells to distant locations, and their establishment self-renewal in a new microenvironment, as required for metastasis formation. SIGNIFICANCE These data suggest that migration plasticity is a new feature of cancer stem-like cells that can significantly facilitate their dissemination to a secondary location by allowing them to adapt quickly to challenging microenvironments. Moreover, it complements their resistance to apoptosis and self-renewal potential, thus enabling them not only to disseminate efficiently, but also to survive and colonise new niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S Chikina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Svetlana N Rubtsova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Maria E Lomakina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Moscow, 115478, Russia
| | - Daria M Potashnikova
- Department of Biology and A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Ivan A Vorobjev
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
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Ampelopsin E Reduces the Invasiveness of the Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line, MDA-MB-231. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142619. [PMID: 31323836 PMCID: PMC6680398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. It has two distinctive hallmarks: rapid abnormal growth and the ability to invade and metastasize. During metastasis, cancer cells are thought to form actin-rich protrusions, called invadopodia, which degrade the extracellular matrix. Current breast cancer treatments, particularly chemotherapy, comes with adverse effects like immunosuppression, resistance development and secondary tumour formation. Hence, naturally-occurring molecules claimed to be less toxic are being studied as new drug candidates. Ampelopsin E, a natural oligostilbene extracted from Dryobalanops species, has exhibited various pharmacological properties, including anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, there is yet no scientific evidence of the effects of ampelopsin E towards metastasis. Scratch assay, transwell migration and invasion assays, invadopodia and gelatin degradation assays, and ELISA were used to determine the effects of ampelopsin E towards the invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells. Strikingly in this study, ampelopsin E was able to halt migration, transmigration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells by reducing formation of invadopodia and its degradation capability through significant reduction (p < 0.05) in expression levels of PDGF, MMP2, MMP9 and MMP14. In conclusion, ampelopsin E reduced the invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 cells and was proven to be a potential alternative in treating TNBC.
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Modelling actin polymerization: the effect on confined cell migration. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1177-1187. [PMID: 30843134 PMCID: PMC6647863 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to model cell motility under conditions of mechanical confinement. This cell migration mode may occur in extravasation of tumour and neutrophil-like cells. Cell migration is the result of the complex action of different forces exerted by the interplay between myosin contractility forces and actin processes. Here, we propose and implement a finite element model of the confined migration of a single cell. In this model, we consider the effects of actin and myosin in cell motility. Both filament and globular actin are modelled. We model the cell considering cytoplasm and nucleus with different mechanical properties. The migration speed in the simulation is around 0.1 μm/min, which is in agreement with existing literature. From our simulation, we observe that the nucleus size has an important role in cell migration inside the channel. In the simulation the cell moves further when the nucleus is smaller. However, this speed is less sensitive to nucleus stiffness. The results show that the cell displacement is lower when the nucleus is stiffer. The degree of adhesion between the channel walls and the cell is also very important in confined migration. We observe an increment of cell velocity when the friction coefficient is higher.
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42
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Kelley LC, Chi Q, Cáceres R, Hastie E, Schindler AJ, Jiang Y, Matus DQ, Plastino J, Sherwood DR. Adaptive F-Actin Polymerization and Localized ATP Production Drive Basement Membrane Invasion in the Absence of MMPs. Dev Cell 2019; 48:313-328.e8. [PMID: 30686527 PMCID: PMC6372315 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are associated with decreased patient prognosis but have failed as anti-invasive drug targets despite promoting cancer cell invasion. Through time-lapse imaging, optical highlighting, and combined genetic removal of the five MMPs expressed during anchor cell (AC) invasion in C. elegans, we find that MMPs hasten invasion by degrading basement membrane (BM). Though irregular and delayed, AC invasion persists in MMP- animals via adaptive enrichment of the Arp2/3 complex at the invasive cell membrane, which drives formation of an F-actin-rich protrusion that physically breaches and displaces BM. Using a large-scale RNAi synergistic screen and a genetically encoded ATP FRET sensor, we discover that mitochondria enrich within the protrusion and provide localized ATP that fuels F-actin network growth. Thus, without MMPs, an invasive cell can alter its BM-breaching tactics, suggesting that targeting adaptive mechanisms will be necessary to mitigate BM invasion in human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Kelley
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Qiuyi Chi
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Rodrigo Cáceres
- CNRS, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research Université, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75005, France
| | - Eric Hastie
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Adam J Schindler
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David Q Matus
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5215, USA
| | - Julie Plastino
- CNRS, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research Université, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - David R Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Miyashita T, Omori T, Nakamura H, Sugano M, Neri S, Fujii S, Hashimoto H, Tsuboi M, Ochiai A, Ishii G. Spatiotemporal characteristics of fibroblasts-dependent cancer cell invasion. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 145:373-381. [PMID: 30470886 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer cells can invade the surrounding stroma with the aid of fibroblasts (fibroblasts-dependent invasion). The aim of this study was to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of fibroblast-dependent invasion of cancer cells. METHODS We performed an in vitro three-dimensional collagen invasion assay using Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell Cycle indicator (Fucci)-labeled A431 carcinoma cells co-cultured with fibroblasts. We used time-lapse imaging to analyze the total cell number, frequencies of small cancer cell nests and S/G2/M phase of A431 cells in the invasion area. We compared the frequencies of small cancer cell nests and geminin (+) cancer cells within fibroblast-rich areas and fibroblast-poor areas in surgically resected human invasive squamous cell carcinoma tissue. RESULTS The total invasion number of A431 cells was significantly higher when cultured with fibroblasts than without. The formation of small cancer cell nests was observed within the invasion area only in the presence of fibroblasts. The frequency of S/G2/M phase cells was significantly higher in A431 cells when cultured with fibroblasts than without. Immunohistochemical analysis of surgically resected human invasive squamous cell carcinoma tissue revealed that the frequencies of small cancer cell nests and geminin-positive cancer cells were significantly higher in fibroblast-rich areas compared to those in fibroblast-poor areas within the same tumor region. CONCLUSION Our current study clearly showed that fibroblast-dependent cancer cell invasion was characterized by the progression in cell cycle and formation of small cancer cell nests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Miyashita
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Omori
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakamura
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masato Sugano
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shinya Neri
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hashimoto
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. .,Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8577, Chiba, Japan.
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44
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Reis-Sobreiro M, Chen JF, Novitskaya T, You S, Morley S, Steadman K, Gill NK, Eskaros A, Rotinen M, Chu CY, Chung LWK, Tanaka H, Yang W, Knudsen BS, Tseng HR, Rowat AC, Posadas EM, Zijlstra A, Di Vizio D, Freeman MR. Emerin Deregulation Links Nuclear Shape Instability to Metastatic Potential. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6086-6097. [PMID: 30154147 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abnormalities in nuclear shape are a well-known feature of cancer, but their contribution to malignant progression remains poorly understood. Here, we show that depletion of the cytoskeletal regulator, Diaphanous-related formin 3 (DIAPH3), or the nuclear membrane-associated proteins, lamin A/C, in prostate and breast cancer cells, induces nuclear shape instability, with a corresponding gain in malignant properties, including secretion of extracellular vesicles that contain genomic material. This transformation is characterized by a reduction and/or mislocalization of the inner nuclear membrane protein, emerin. Consistent with this, depletion of emerin evokes nuclear shape instability and promotes metastasis. By visualizing emerin localization, evidence for nuclear shape instability was observed in cultured tumor cells, in experimental models of prostate cancer, in human prostate cancer tissues, and in circulating tumor cells from patients with metastatic disease. Quantitation of emerin mislocalization discriminated cancer from benign tissue and correlated with disease progression in a prostate cancer cohort. Taken together, these results identify emerin as a mediator of nuclear shape stability in cancer and show that destabilization of emerin can promote metastasis.Significance: This study identifies a novel mechanism integrating the control of nuclear structure with the metastatic phenotype, and our inclusion of two types of human specimens (cancer tissues and circulating tumor cells) demonstrates direct relevance to human cancer.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/21/6086/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(21); 6086-97. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Reis-Sobreiro
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tatiana Novitskaya
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sungyong You
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Samantha Morley
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kenneth Steadman
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Navjot Kaur Gill
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Adel Eskaros
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mirja Rotinen
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chia-Yi Chu
- Urologic Oncology Program/Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Center Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Urologic Oncology Program/Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Center Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Wei Yang
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Beatrice S Knudsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Amy C Rowat
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- Urologic Oncology Program/Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Center Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.,Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Dolores Di Vizio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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β2ARs stimulation in osteoblasts promotes breast cancer cell adhesion to bone marrow endothelial cells in an IL-1β and selectin-dependent manner. J Bone Oncol 2018; 13:1-10. [PMID: 30245970 PMCID: PMC6146568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression and recurrence of breast cancer, as well as reduced survival of patients with breast cancer, are associated with chronic stress, a condition known to impact the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and the autonomic nervous system. Preclinical and clinical evidence support the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the control of bone remodeling and in pathologies of the skeleton, including bone metastasis. In experimental mouse models of skeletal metastasis, administration of the βAR agonist isoproterenol (ISO), used as a surrogate of norepinephrine, the main neurotransmitter of sympathetic neurons, was shown to favor bone colonization of metastatic breast cancer cells via an increase bone marrow vascularity. However, successful extravasation of cancer cells into a distant organ is known to be favored by an activated endothelium, itself stimulated by inflammatory signals. Based on the known association between high sympathetic outflow, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and bone metastasis, we thus asked whether βAR stimulation in osteoblasts may alter the vascular endothelium to favor cancer cell engraftment within the skeleton. To address this question, we used conditioned medium (CM) from PBS or ISO-treated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in adhesion assays with bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) or the endothelial cell line C166. We found that ISO treatment in differentiated BMSCs led to a robust induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The CM from ISO-treated BMSCs increased the expression of E- and P-selectin in BMECs and the adhesion of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to these cells in short-term static and dynamic adhesion assays, and a blocking antibody against IL-1β, but not IL-6, reduced this effect. Direct IL-1β treatment of BMECs had a similar effect, whereas the impact of IL-6 treatment on the expression of adhesion molecules by BMECs and on the adhesion of cancer cells to BMECs was negligible. Collectively, these in vitro results suggest that in the context of the multicellular and dynamic bone marrow environment, sympathetic activation and subsequent βAR stimulation in osteoblasts may profoundly remodel the density but also the activation status of bone marrow vessels to favor the skeletal engraftment of circulating breast cancer cells. β2AR activation in osteoblasts increases the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. IL-1β promotes the adhesion of breast cancer cells to endothelium via an endothelial increase in E- and P-selectin expression. IL-1β blockade and selectin inhibition inhibits breast cancer cell adhesion to endothelial cells.
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Schineis P, Runge P, Halin C. Cellular traffic through afferent lymphatic vessels. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 112:31-41. [PMID: 30092362 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic system has long been known to serve as a highway for migrating leukocytes from peripheral tissue to draining lymph nodes (dLNs) and back to circulation, thereby contributing to the induction of adaptive immunity and immunesurveillance. Lymphatic vessels (LVs) present in peripheral tissues upstream of a first dLN are generally referred to as afferent LVs. In contrast to migration through blood vessels (BVs), the detailed molecular and cellular requirements of cellular traffic through afferent LVs have only recently started to be unraveled. Progress in our ability to track the migration of lymph-borne cell populations, in combination with cutting-edge imaging technologies, nowadays allows the investigation and visualization of lymphatic migration of endogenous leukocytes, both at the population and at the single-cell level. These studies have revealed that leukocyte trafficking through afferent LVs generally follows a step-wise migration pattern, relying on the active interplay of numerous molecules. In this review, we will summarize and discuss current knowledge of cellular traffic through afferent LVs. We will first outline how the structure of the afferent LV network supports leukocyte migration and highlight important molecules involved in the migration of dendritic cells (DCs), T cells and neutrophils, i.e. the most prominent cell types trafficking through afferent LVs. Additionally, we will describe how tumor cells hijack the lymphatic system for their dissemination to draining LNs. Finally, we will summarize and discuss our current understanding of the functional significance as well as the therapeutic implications of cell traffic through afferent LVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Runge
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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47
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Thuma L, Carter D, Weavers H, Martin P. Drosophila immune cells extravasate from vessels to wounds using Tre1 GPCR and Rho signaling. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3045-3056. [PMID: 29941473 PMCID: PMC6122984 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201801013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to vertebrates, adult Drosophila melanogaster have an open cardiovascular system. However, Thuma et al. find that in late pupation, hemolymph flows through Drosophila wing veins, providing a unique genetic and live-imaging opportunity to investigate the mechanisms driving immune cell extravasation from vessels to wounds and reveal new roles for Tre1 and Rho signaling in this process. Inflammation is pivotal to fight infection, clear debris, and orchestrate repair of injured tissues. Although Drosophila melanogaster have proven invaluable for studying extravascular recruitment of innate immune cells (hemocytes) to wounds, they have been somewhat neglected as viable models to investigate a key rate-limiting component of inflammation—that of immune cell extravasation across vessel walls—due to their open circulation. We have now identified a period during pupal development when wing hearts pulse hemolymph, including circulating hemocytes, through developing wing veins. Wounding near these vessels triggers local immune cell extravasation, enabling live imaging and correlative light-electron microscopy of these events in vivo. We show that RNAi knockdown of immune cell integrin blocks diapedesis, just as in vertebrates, and we uncover a novel role for Rho-like signaling through the GPCR Tre1, a gene previously implicated in the trans-epithelial migration of germ cells. We believe this new Drosophila model complements current murine models and provides new mechanistic insight into immune cell extravasation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Thuma
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Deborah Carter
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Helen Weavers
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK .,School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paul Martin
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK .,School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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48
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Zuo Y, Ulu A, Chang JT, Frost JA. Contributions of the RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor Net1 to polyoma middle T antigen-mediated mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:41. [PMID: 29769144 PMCID: PMC5956559 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The RhoA activating protein Net1 contributes to breast cancer cell proliferation, motility, and invasion in vitro, yet little is known about its roles in mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Methods Net1 knockout (KO) mice were bred to mice with mammary gland specific expression of the polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) oncogene. Mammary gland tumorigenesis and lung metastasis were monitored. Individual tumors were assessed for proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, RhoA activation, and activation of PyMT-dependent signaling pathways. Primary tumor cells from wild-type and Net1 KO mice were transplanted into the mammary glands of wild-type, nontumor-bearing mice, and tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. Gene expression in wild-type and Net1 KO tumors was analyzed by gene ontology enrichment and for relative activation of gene expression signatures indicative of signaling pathways important for breast cancer initiation and progression. A gene expression signature indicative of Net1 function was identified. Human breast cancer gene expression profiles were screened for the presence of a Net1 gene expression signature. Results We show that Net1 makes fundamental contributions to mammary gland tumorigenesis and metastasis. Net1 deletion delays tumorigenesis and strongly suppresses metastasis in PyMT-expressing mice. Moreover, we observe that loss of Net1 reduces cancer cell proliferation, inhibits tumor angiogenesis, and promotes tumor cell apoptosis. Net1 is required for maximal RhoA activation within tumors and for primary tumor cell motility. Furthermore, the ability of PyMT to initiate oncogenic signaling to ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt1 is inhibited by Net1 deletion. Primary tumor cell transplantation indicates that the reduction in tumor angiogenesis and lung metastasis observed upon Net1 deletion are tumor cell autonomous effects. Using a gene expression signature indicative of Net1 activity, we show that Net1 signaling is activated in 10% of human breast cancers, and that this correlates with elevated proliferation and PI3K pathway activity. We also demonstrate that human breast cancer patients with a high Net1 gene expression signature experience shorter distant metastasis-free survival. Conclusions These data indicate that Net1 is required for tumor progression in the PyMT mouse model and suggest that Net1 may contribute to breast cancer progression in humans. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-0966-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zuo
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arzu Ulu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Chang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Frost
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Mo P, Yang S. The store-operated calcium channels in cancer metastasis: from cell migration, invasion to metastatic colonization. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2018; 23:1241-1256. [PMID: 28930597 DOI: 10.2741/4641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is the predominant calcium entry mechanism in most cancer cells. SOCE is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensor STIMs (STIM1 and 2) and plasma membrane channel forming unit Orais (Orai 1-3). In recent years there is increasing evidence indicating that SOCE in cancer cells is dysregulated to promote cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis. The overexpression of STIM and Orai proteins has been reported to correlate with the metastatic progression of various cancers. The hyperactive SOCE may promote metastatic dissemination and colonization by reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton, degrading the extracellular matrix and remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Here we discuss how these recent progresses provide novel insights to our understanding of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingli Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033,
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50
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Sherwood DR, Plastino J. Invading, Leading and Navigating Cells in Caenorhabditis elegans: Insights into Cell Movement in Vivo. Genetics 2018; 208:53-78. [PMID: 29301948 PMCID: PMC5753875 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.117.300082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly regulated cell migration events are crucial during animal tissue formation and the trafficking of cells to sites of infection and injury. Misregulation of cell movement underlies numerous human diseases, including cancer. Although originally studied primarily in two-dimensional in vitro assays, most cell migrations in vivo occur in complex three-dimensional tissue environments that are difficult to recapitulate in cell culture or ex vivo Further, it is now known that cells can mobilize a diverse repertoire of migration modes and subcellular structures to move through and around tissues. This review provides an overview of three distinct cellular movement events in Caenorhabditis elegans-cell invasion through basement membrane, leader cell migration during organ formation, and individual cell migration around tissues-which together illustrate powerful experimental models of diverse modes of movement in vivo We discuss new insights into migration that are emerging from these in vivo studies and important future directions toward understanding the remarkable and assorted ways that cells move in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27705
| | - Julie Plastino
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 168, F-75005 Paris, France
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