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Ding L, Fox AR, Chaumont F. Multifaceted role and regulation of aquaporins for efficient stomatal movements. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3330-3343. [PMID: 38742465 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Stomata are micropores on the leaf epidermis that allow carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake for photosynthesis at the expense of water loss through transpiration. Stomata coordinate the plant gas exchange of carbon and water with the atmosphere through their opening and closing dynamics. In the context of global climate change, it is essential to better understand the mechanism of stomatal movements under different environmental stimuli. Aquaporins (AQPs) are considered important regulators of stomatal movements by contributing to membrane diffusion of water, CO2 and hydrogen peroxide. This review compiles the most recent findings and discusses future directions to update our knowledge of the role of AQPs in stomatal movements. After highlighting the role of subsidiary cells (SCs), which contribute to the high water use efficiency of grass stomata, we explore the expression of AQP genes in guard cells and SCs. We then focus on the cellular regulation of AQP activity at the protein level in stomata. After introducing their post-translational modifications, we detail their trafficking as well as their physical interaction with various partners that regulate AQP subcellular dynamics towards and within specific regions of the cell membranes, such as microdomains and membrane contact sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ana Romina Fox
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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2
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Man Y, Zhang Y, Chen L, Zhou J, Bu Y, Zhang X, Li X, Li Y, Jing Y, Lin J. The VAMP-associated protein VAP27-1 plays a crucial role in plant resistance to ER stress by modulating ER-PM contact architecture in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100929. [PMID: 38678366 PMCID: PMC11287176 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM) form ER-PM contact sites (EPCSs) that allow the ER and PM to exchange materials and information. Stress-induced disruption of protein folding triggers ER stress, and the cell initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to resist the stress. However, whether EPCSs play a role in ER stress in plants remains unclear. VESICLE-ASSOCIATED MEMBRANE PROTEIN (VAMP)-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 27-1 (VAP27-1) functions in EPCS tethering and is encoded by a family of 10 genes (VAP27-1-10) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9-mediated genome editing to obtain a homozygous vap27-1 vap27-3 vap27-4 (vap27-1/3/4) triple mutant lacking three of the key VAP27 family members in Arabidopsis. The vap27-1/3/4 mutant exhibits defects in ER-PM connectivity and EPCS architecture, as well as excessive UPR signaling. We further showed that relocation of VAP27-1 to the PM mediates specific VAP27-1-related EPCS remodeling and expansion under ER stress. Moreover, the spatiotemporal dynamics of VAP27-1 at the PM increase ER-PM connectivity and enhance Arabidopsis resistance to ER stress. In addition, we revealed an important role for intracellular calcium homeostasis in the regulation of UPR signaling. Taken together, these results broaden our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of ER stress and UPR signaling in plants, providing additional clues for improving plant broad-spectrum resistance to different stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Man
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linghui Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yufen Bu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yun Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yanping Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jinxing Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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3
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Zhang M, Zhang S. Stomatal development: NRPM proteins in dynamic localization of ERECTA receptor. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R143-R146. [PMID: 38412823 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic cellular localization of receptors is key to the perception of their peptide ligands and the activation of downstream signaling pathways. A new study identifies NRPMs as novel regulators of ERECTA receptor localization and stomatal formation downstream of the EPF1/EPF2 peptide ligands and upstream of the YDA MAPK cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Hall MR, Kunjumon TK, Ghosh PP, Currie L, Mathur J. Organelle Interactions in Plant Cells. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 73:43-69. [PMID: 39242374 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62036-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The sequestration of enzymes and associated processes into sub-cellular domains, called organelles, is considered a defining feature of eukaryotic cells. However, what leads to specific outcomes and allows a eukaryotic cell to function singularly is the interactivity and exchanges between discrete organelles. Our ability to observe and assess sub-cellular interactions in living plant cells has expanded greatly following the creation of fluorescent fusion proteins targeted to different organelles. Notably, organelle interactivity changes quickly in response to stress and reverts to a normal less interactive state as homeostasis is re-established. Using key observations of some of the organelles present in a plant cell, this chapter provides a brief overview of our present understanding of organelle interactions in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya-Renee Hall
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Kadanthottu Kunjumon
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Puja Puspa Ghosh
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Currie
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jaideep Mathur
- Laboratory of Plant Development & Interactions, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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5
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Jiao Z, Wang J, Shi Y, Wang Z, Zhang J, Du Q, Liu B, Jia X, Niu J, Gu C, Lv P. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the EPF Gene Family in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3912. [PMID: 38005809 PMCID: PMC10674733 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) plays a crucial role in plant response to abiotic stress. While the EPF has been extensively studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, there is a lack of research on identifying EPF genes in the whole sorghum genome and its response to drought stress. In this study, we employed bioinformatics tools to identify 12 EPF members in sorghum. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that SbEPFs can be categorized into four branches. Further examination of the gene structure and protein conservation motifs of EPF family members demonstrated the high conservation of the SbEPF sequence. The promoter region of SbEPFs was found to encompass cis-elements responsive to stress and plant hormones. Moreover, real-time fluorescence quantitative results indicated that the SbEPFs have a tissue-specific expression. Under drought stress treatment, most SbEPF members were significantly up-regulated, indicating their potential role in drought response. Our research findings establish a foundation for investigating the function of SbEPFs and offer candidate genes for stress-resistant breeding and enhanced production in sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Jiao
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yannan Shi
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Hebei Seed Management Station, Shijiazhuang 050031, China;
| | - Qi Du
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Bocheng Liu
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Xinyue Jia
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Jingtian Niu
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Chun Gu
- Hebei Xingtang County Agro-Technology Extension Center, Shijiazhuang 050600, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Branch of National Sorghum Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
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6
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Kalmbach L, Bourdon M, Belevich I, Safran J, Lemaire A, Heo JO, Otero S, Blob B, Pelloux J, Jokitalo E, Helariutta Y. Putative pectate lyase PLL12 and callose deposition through polar CALS7 are necessary for long-distance phloem transport in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2023; 33:926-939.e9. [PMID: 36805125 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the phloem distributes photosynthetic products for metabolism and storage over long distances. It relies on specialized cells, the sieve elements, which are enucleated and interconnected through large so-called sieve pores in their adjoining cell walls. Reverse genetics identified PECTATE LYASE-LIKE 12 (PLL12) as critical for plant growth and development. Using genetic complementations, we established that PLL12 is required exclusively late during sieve element differentiation. Structural homology modeling, enzyme inactivation, and overexpression suggest a vital role for PLL12 in sieve-element-specific pectin remodeling. While short distance symplastic diffusion is unaffected, the pll12 mutant is unable to accommodate sustained plant development due to an incapacity to accommodate increasing hydraulic demands on phloem long-distance transport as the plant grows-a defect that is aggravated when combined with another sieve-element-specific mutant callose synthase 7 (cals7). Establishing CALS7 as a specific sieve pore marker, we investigated the subcellular dynamics of callose deposition in the developing sieve plate. Using fluorescent CALS7 then allowed identifying structural defects in pll12 sieve pores that are moderate at the cellular level but become physiologically relevant due to the serial arrangement of sieve elements in the sieve tube. Overall, pectin degradation through PLL12 appears subtle in quantitative terms. We therefore speculate that PLL12 may act as a regulator to locally remove homogalacturonan, thus potentially enabling further extracellular enzymes to access and modify the cell wall during sieve pore maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar Kalmbach
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.
| | - Matthieu Bourdon
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Ilya Belevich
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josip Safran
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Adrien Lemaire
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Jung-Ok Heo
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sofia Otero
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Bernhard Blob
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie, 33 Rue St Leu, 80039 Amiens, France
| | - Eija Jokitalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ykä Helariutta
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 47 Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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7
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Medina-Puche L, Lozano-Durán R. Plasma membrane-to-organelle communication in plant stress signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 69:102269. [PMID: 35939892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular compartments engage in extensive communication with one another, an essential ability for cells to respond and adapt to changing environmental and developmental conditions. The plasma membrane (PM), as the interface between the cellular and the outside media, plays a central role in the perception and relay of information about external stimuli, which needs to be ultimately addressed to the relevant subcellular organelles. Interest in PM-organelle communication has increased dramatically in recent years, as examples arise that illustrate different strategies through which information from the PM can be transmitted. In this review, we will discuss mechanisms enabling PM-to-organelle communication in plants, specifically in biotic and abiotic stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Medina-Puche
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rosa Lozano-Durán
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Eberhard Karls University, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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8
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Yang KZ, Zuo CR, Leng YJ, Yue JL, Liu HC, Fan ZB, Xue XY, Dong J, Chen LQ, Le J. The functional specificity of ERECTA-family receptors in Arabidopsis stomatal development is ensured by molecular chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum. Development 2022; 149:dev200892. [PMID: 36052695 PMCID: PMC10655955 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Stomata are epidermal pores that control gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. In Arabidopsis, the ERECTA family (ERECTAf) receptors, including ERECTA, ERECTA-LIKE 1 (ERL1) and ERL2, redundantly play pivotal roles in enforcing the 'one-cell-spacing' rule. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the functional specificities of receptors are likely associated with their differential subcellular dynamics. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperone complex SDF2-ERdj3B-BiP functions in many aspects of plant development. We employed pharmacological treatments combined with cell biological and biochemical approaches to demonstrate that the abundance of ERECTA was reduced in the erdj3b-1 mutant, but the localization and dynamics of ERECTA were not noticeably affected. By contrast, the erdj3b mutation caused the retention of ERL1/ERL2 in the ER. Furthermore, we found that the function of SDF2-ERdj3B-BiP is implicated with the distinct roles of ERECTAf receptors. Our findings establish that the ERECTAf receptor-mediated signaling in stomatal development is ensured by the activities of the ER quality control system, which preferentially maintains the protein abundance of ERECTA and proper subcellular dynamics of ERL1/ERL2, prior to the receptors reaching their destination - the plasma membrane - to execute their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Chao-Ran Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Jun Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun-Ling Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui-Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Juan Dong
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Le
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Pérez-Bueno ML, Illescas-Miranda J, Martín-Forero AF, de Marcos A, Barón M, Fenoll C, Mena M. An extremely low stomatal density mutant overcomes cooling limitations at supra-optimal temperature by adjusting stomatal size and leaf thickness. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919299. [PMID: 35937324 PMCID: PMC9355609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The impact of global warming on transpiration and photosynthesis would compromise plant fitness, impacting on crop yields and ecosystem functioning. In this frame, we explored the performance of a set of Arabidopsis mutants carrying partial or total loss-of-function alleles of stomatal development genes and displaying distinct stomatal abundances. Using microscopy and non-invasive imaging techniques on this genotype collection, we examined anatomical leaf and stomatal traits, plant growth and development, and physiological performance at optimal (22°C) and supra-optimal (30°C) temperatures. All genotypes showed thermomorphogenetic responses but no signs of heat stress. Data analysis singled out an extremely low stomatal abundance mutant, spch-5. At 22°C, spch-5 had lower transpiration and warmer leaves than the wild type. However, at 30°C, this mutant developed larger stomata and thinner leaves, paralleled by a notable cooling capacity, similar to that of the wild type. Despite their low stomatal density (SD), spch-5 plants grown at 30°C showed no photosynthesis or growth penalties. The behavior of spch-5 at supra-optimal temperature exemplifies how the effect of very low stomatal numbers can be counteracted by a combination of larger stomata and thinner leaves. Furthermore, it provides a novel strategy for coping with high growth temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Pérez-Bueno
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Amanda F. Martín-Forero
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Alberto de Marcos
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Matilde Barón
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Fenoll
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Montaña Mena
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
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10
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Kang BH, Anderson CT, Arimura SI, Bayer E, Bezanilla M, Botella MA, Brandizzi F, Burch-Smith TM, Chapman KD, Dünser K, Gu Y, Jaillais Y, Kirchhoff H, Otegui MS, Rosado A, Tang Y, Kleine-Vehn J, Wang P, Zolman BK. A glossary of plant cell structures: Current insights and future questions. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:10-52. [PMID: 34633455 PMCID: PMC8846186 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this glossary of plant cell structures, we asked experts to summarize a present-day view of plant organelles and structures, including a discussion of outstanding questions. In the following short reviews, the authors discuss the complexities of the plant cell endomembrane system, exciting connections between organelles, novel insights into peroxisome structure and function, dynamics of mitochondria, and the mysteries that need to be unlocked from the plant cell wall. These discussions are focused through a lens of new microscopy techniques. Advanced imaging has uncovered unexpected shapes, dynamics, and intricate membrane formations. With a continued focus in the next decade, these imaging modalities coupled with functional studies are sure to begin to unravel mysteries of the plant cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Charles T Anderson
- Department of Biology and Center for Lignocellulose Structure and Formation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802 USA
| | - Shin-ichi Arimura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emmanuelle Bayer
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d'Ornon F-33140, France
| | - Magdalena Bezanilla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortifruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora,” Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 29071, Spain
| | - Federica Brandizzi
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Lab, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Tessa M Burch-Smith
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Kent D Chapman
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, USA
| | - Kai Dünser
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes (RDP), Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Helmut Kirchhoff
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jürgen Kleine-Vehn
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Molecular Plant Physiology (MoPP) University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bethany Karlin Zolman
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
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11
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Kuan C, Yang SL, Ho CMK. Using quantitative methods to understand leaf epidermal development. QUANTITATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 3:e28. [PMID: 37077990 PMCID: PMC10097589 DOI: 10.1017/qpb.2022.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
As the interface between plants and the environment, the leaf epidermis provides the first layer of protection against drought, ultraviolet light, and pathogen attack. This cell layer comprises highly coordinated and specialised cells such as stomata, pavement cells and trichomes. While much has been learned from the genetic dissection of stomatal, trichome and pavement cell formation, emerging methods in quantitative measurements that monitor cellular or tissue dynamics will allow us to further investigate cell state transitions and fate determination in leaf epidermal development. In this review, we introduce the formation of epidermal cell types in Arabidopsis and provide examples of quantitative tools to describe phenotypes in leaf research. We further focus on cellular factors involved in triggering cell fates and their quantitative measurements in mechanistic studies and biological patterning. A comprehensive understanding of how a functional leaf epidermis develops will advance the breeding of crops with improved stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Kuan
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Li Yang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Min Kimmy Ho
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Author for correspondence: C.-M. K. Ho, E-mail:
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12
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An endoplasmic reticulum-localized cytochrome b 5 regulates high-affinity K + transport in response to salt stress in rice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2114347118. [PMID: 34876526 PMCID: PMC8685926 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114347118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High-affinity K+ (HAK) transporter-mediated K+ uptake has an important role when plants are subjected to stresses. This work identifies a mechanism of HAK regulation. The affinity of HAK at the plasma membrane for K+ depends on the binding of a cytochrome (CYB5) protein at the endoplasmic reticulum. This improves K+ uptake and the ability of plants to survive under saline conditions. The HAK–CYB5 interaction not only constitutes a mechanism of HAK regulation but also reflects interorganelle communication mediated by functional protein interactions under conditions of stress. Potassium (K+) is an essential element for growth and development in both animals and plants, while high levels of environmental sodium (Na+) represent a threat to most plants. The uptake of K+ from high-saline environments is an essential mechanism to maintain intracellular K+/Na+ homeostasis, which can help reduce toxicity caused by Na+ accumulation, thereby improving the salt tolerance of plants. However, the mechanisms and regulation of K+-uptake during salt stress remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified an endoplasmic reticulum–localized cytochrome b5 (OsCYB5-2) that interacted with a high-affinity K+ transporter (OsHAK21) at the plasma membrane. The association of OsCYB5-2 with the OsHAK21 transporter caused an increase in transporter activity by enhancing the apparent affinity for K+-binding but not Na+-binding. Heme binding to OsCYB5-2 was essential for the regulation of OsHAK21. High salinity directly triggered the OsHAK21–OsCYB5-2 interaction, promoting OsHAK21-mediated K+-uptake and restricting Na+ entry into cells; this maintained intracellular K+/Na+ homeostasis in rice cells. Finally, overexpression of OsCYB5-2 increased OsHAK21-mediated K+ transport and improved salt tolerance in rice seedlings. This study revealed a posttranslational regulatory mechanism for HAK transporter activity mediated by a cytochrome b5 and highlighted the coordinated action of two proteins to perceive Na+ in response to salt stress.
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13
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Independent parental contributions initiate zygote polarization in Arabidopsis thaliana. Curr Biol 2021; 31:4810-4816.e5. [PMID: 34496220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Embryogenesis of flowering plants is initiated by polarization of the zygote, a prerequisite for correct axis formation in the embryo. The daughter cells of the asymmetric zygote division form the pro-embryo and the mostly extra-embryonic suspensor.1 The suspensor plays a pivotal role in nutrient and hormone transport and rapid growth of the embryo.2,3 Zygote polarization is controlled by a MITOGEN-ACTIVATING PROTEIN (MAP) kinase signaling pathway including the MAPKK kinase (MAP3K) YODA (YDA)4 and the upstream membrane-associated proteins BRASINOSTEROID SIGNALING KINASE 1 (BSK1) and BSK2.5,6 Furthermore, suspensor development is controlled by cysteine-rich peptides of the EMBRYO SURROUNDING FACTOR 1 (ESF1) family.7 While they act genetically upstream of YDA, the corresponding receptor to perceive these potential ligands is unknown. In other developmental processes, such as stomata development, YDA activity is controlled by receptor kinases of the ERECTA family (ERf).8-12 While the receptor kinases upstream of BSK1/2 in the embryo have so far not been identified,1 YDA is in part activated by the sperm cell-derived BSK family member SHORT SUSPENSOR (SSP) that represents a naturally occurring, constitutively active variant of BSK1.5,13 It has been speculated that SSP might be a paternal component of a parental tug-of-war controlling resource allocation toward the embryo.2,13 Here, we show that in addition to SSP, the receptor kinase ERECTA plays a crucial role in zygote polarization as a maternally contributed part of the embryonic YDA pathway. We conclude that two independent parental contributions initiate zygote polarization and control embryo development.
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14
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Rosado A, Bayer EM. Geometry and cellular function of organelle membrane interfaces. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:650-662. [PMID: 33793898 PMCID: PMC8133572 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A vast majority of cellular processes take root at the surface of biological membranes. By providing a two-dimensional platform with limited diffusion, membranes are, by nature, perfect devices to concentrate signaling and metabolic components. As such, membranes often act as "key processors" of cellular information. Biological membranes are highly dynamic and deformable and can be shaped into curved, tubular, or flat conformations, resulting in differentiated biophysical properties. At membrane contact sites, membranes from adjacent organelles come together into a unique 3D configuration, forming functionally distinct microdomains, which facilitate spatially regulated functions, such as organelle communication. Here, we describe the diversity of geometries of contact site-forming membranes in different eukaryotic organisms and explore the emerging notion that their shape, 3D architecture, and remodeling jointly define their cellular activity. The review also provides selected examples highlighting changes in membrane contact site architecture acting as rapid and local responses to cellular perturbations, and summarizes our current understanding of how those structural changes confer functional specificity to those cellular territories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Author for communication:
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15
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Shao Y, Lehner KR, Zhou H, Taylor I, Zhu M, Mao C, Benfey PN. VAP-RELATED SUPPRESSORS OF TOO MANY MOUTHS (VST) family proteins are regulators of root system architecture. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:457-468. [PMID: 33721897 PMCID: PMC8133634 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root system architecture (RSA) is a key factor in the efficiency of nutrient capture and water uptake in plants. Understanding the genetic control of RSA will be useful in minimizing fertilizer and water usage in agricultural cropping systems. Using a hydroponic screen and a gel-based imaging system, we identified a rice (Oryza sativa) gene, VAP-RELATED SUPPRESSOR OF TOO MANY MOUTHS1 (OsVST1), which plays a key role in controlling RSA. This gene encodes a homolog of the VAP-RELATED SUPPRESSORS OF TOO MANY MOUTHS (VST) proteins in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), which promote signaling in stomata by mediating plasma membrane-endoplasmic reticulum contacts. OsVST1 mutants have shorter primary roots, decreased root meristem size, and a more compact RSA. We show that the Arabidopsis VST triple mutants have similar phenotypes, with reduced primary root growth and smaller root meristems. Expression of OsVST1 largely complements the short root length and reduced plant height in the Arabidopsis triple mutant, supporting conservation of function between rice and Arabidopsis VST proteins. In a field trial, mutations in OsVST1 did not adversely affect grain yield, suggesting that modulation of this gene could be used as a way to optimize RSA without an inherent yield penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kevin R Lehner
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Hongzhu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Isaiah Taylor
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- HHMI, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mingyuan Zhu
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- HHMI, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Chuanzao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Philip N Benfey
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- HHMI, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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16
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SPEECHLESS and MUTE Mediate Feedback Regulation of Signal Transduction during Stomatal Development. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030432. [PMID: 33668323 PMCID: PMC7996297 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal density, spacing, and patterning greatly influence the efficiency of gas exchange, photosynthesis, and water economy. They are regulated by a complex of extracellular and intracellular factors through the signaling pathways. After binding the extracellular epidermal patterning factor 1 (EPF1) and 2 (EPF2) as ligands, the receptor-ligand complexes activate by phosphorylation through the MAP-kinase cascades, regulating basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors SPEECHLESS (SPCH), MUTE, and FAMA. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and signal transduction pathways running within the transition of the protodermal cell into a pair of guard cells with a space (aperture) between them, called a stoma, comprising asymmetric and symmetric cell divisions and draw several functional models. The feedback mechanisms involving the bHLH factors SPCH and MUTE are not fully recognized yet. We show the feedback mechanisms driven by SPCH and MUTE in the regulation of EPF2 and the ERECTA family. Intersections of the molecular mechanisms for fate determination of stomatal lineage cells with the role of core cell cycle-related genes and stabilization of SPCH and MUTE are also reported.
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17
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Kawamoto N, Del Carpio DP, Hofmann A, Mizuta Y, Kurihara D, Higashiyama T, Uchida N, Torii KU, Colombo L, Groth G, Simon R. A Peptide Pair Coordinates Regular Ovule Initiation Patterns with Seed Number and Fruit Size. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4352-4361.e4. [PMID: 32916111 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovule development in Arabidopsis thaliana involves pattern formation, which ensures that ovules are regularly arranged in the pistils to reduce competition for nutrients and space. Mechanisms underlying pattern formation in plants, such as phyllotaxis, flower morphogenesis, or lateral root initiation, have been extensively studied, and genes controlling the initiation of ovules have been identified. However, the fundamental patterning mechanism that determines the spacing of ovule anlagen within the placenta remained unexplored. Using natural variation analysis combined with quantitative trait locus analysis, we found that the spacing of ovules in the developing gynoecium and fruits is controlled by two secreted peptides, EPFL2 and EPFL9 (also known as Stomagen), and their receptors from the ERECTA (ER) family that act from the carpel wall and the placental tissue. We found that a signaling pathway controlled by EPFL9 acting from the carpel wall through the LRR-receptor kinases ER, ERL1, and ERL2 promotes fruit growth. Regular spacing of ovules depends on EPFL2 expression in the carpel wall and in the inter-ovule spaces, where it acts through ERL1 and ERL2. Loss of EPFL2 signaling results in shorter gynoecia and fruits and irregular spacing of ovules or even ovule twinning. We propose that the EPFL2 signaling module evolved to control the initiation and regular, equidistant spacing of ovule primordia, which may serve to minimize competition between seeds or facilitate equal resource allocation. Together, EPFL2 and EPFL9 help to coordinate ovule patterning and thereby seed number with gynoecium and fruit growth through a set of shared receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Kawamoto
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dunia Pino Del Carpio
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Agriculture Research Division, Agriculture Victoria, Level 43 Rialto South 525 Collins Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Alexander Hofmann
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Physiology, Heinrich-Heine University, University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Yoko Mizuta
- Institute for Advanced Research (IAR), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurihara
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; JST, PRESTO, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higashiyama
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (ITbM), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Lucia Colombo
- Universita degli studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Georg Groth
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Agriculture Research Division, Agriculture Victoria, Level 43 Rialto South 525 Collins Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Rüdiger Simon
- Institute for Developmental Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University, University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University Street 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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18
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Qi X, Yoshinari A, Bai P, Maes M, Zeng SM, Torii KU. The manifold actions of signaling peptides on subcellular dynamics of a receptor specify stomatal cell fate. eLife 2020; 9:58097. [PMID: 32795387 PMCID: PMC7470842 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor endocytosis is important for signal activation, transduction, and deactivation. However, how a receptor interprets conflicting signals to adjust cellular output is not clearly understood. Using genetic, cell biological, and pharmacological approaches, we report here that ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1), the major receptor restricting plant stomatal differentiation, undergoes dynamic subcellular behaviors in response to different EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR (EPF) peptides. Activation of ERL1 by EPF1 induces rapid ERL1 internalization via multivesicular bodies/late endosomes to vacuolar degradation, whereas ERL1 constitutively internalizes in the absence of EPF1. The co-receptor, TOO MANY MOUTHS is essential for ERL1 internalization induced by EPF1 but not by EPFL6. The peptide antagonist, Stomagen, triggers retention of ERL1 in the endoplasmic reticulum, likely coupled with reduced endocytosis. In contrast, the dominant-negative ERL1 remained dysfunctional in ligand-induced subcellular trafficking. Our study elucidates that multiple related yet unique peptides specify cell fate by deploying the differential subcellular dynamics of a single receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Qi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Akira Yoshinari
- Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Pengfei Bai
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
| | - Michal Maes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Scott M Zeng
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States.,Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
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19
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Lee E, Santana BVN, Samuels E, Benitez-Fuente F, Corsi E, Botella MA, Perez-Sancho J, Vanneste S, Friml J, Macho A, Azevedo AA, Rosado A. Rare earth elements induce cytoskeleton-dependent and PI4P-associated rearrangement of SYT1/SYT5 endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site complexes in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3986-3998. [PMID: 32179893 PMCID: PMC7337092 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In plant cells, environmental stressors promote changes in connectivity between the cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the plasma membrane (PM). Although this process is tightly regulated in space and time, the molecular signals and structural components mediating these changes in interorganelle communication are only starting to be characterized. In this report, we confirm the presence of a putative tethering complex containing the synaptotagmins 1 and 5 (SYT1 and SYT5) and the Ca2+- and lipid-binding protein 1 (CLB1/SYT7). This complex is enriched at ER-PM contact sites (EPCSs), has slow responses to changes in extracellular Ca2+, and displays severe cytoskeleton-dependent rearrangements in response to the trivalent lanthanum (La3+) and gadolinium (Gd3+) rare earth elements (REEs). Although REEs are generally used as non-selective cation channel blockers at the PM, here we show that the slow internalization of REEs into the cytosol underlies the activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin intracellular signaling, the accumulation of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P) at the PM, and the cytoskeleton-dependent rearrangement of the SYT1/SYT5 EPCS complexes. We propose that the observed EPCS rearrangements act as a slow adaptive response to sustained stress conditions, and that this process involves the accumulation of stress-specific phosphoinositide species at the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- EunKyoung Lee
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brenda Vila Nova Santana
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Samuels
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Erica Corsi
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Miguel A Botella
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jessica Perez-Sancho
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Alberto Macho
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aristea Alves Azevedo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Correspondence:
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20
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Pankratenko AV, Atabekova AK, Morozov SY, Solovyev AG. Membrane Contacts in Plasmodesmata: Structural Components and Their Functions. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:531-544. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Cammarata J, Roeder AH, Scanlon MJ. Cytokinin and CLE signaling are highly intertwined developmental regulators across tissues and species. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 51:96-104. [PMID: 31280129 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The control of cell identity and differentiation is critical for proper development. In plants, cell identity is largely determined by a cell's spatial context, which is communicated in the form of varying abundances of hormones. Two classes of hormones, the classical phytohormone cytokinin and the small CLE peptide hormones, are potent regulators of cell division and cell differentiation. While a relationship between these two classes of hormones is well-established at developing shoot tips, recent evidence suggests that CLE and cytokinin signaling converge on the same developmental processes across many different contexts and in widely divergent species. Here, we review evidence predominately from Arabidopsis thaliana and the moss Physcomitrella patens that supports a general model where CLE and cytokinin signaling are highly intertwined developmental regulators with antagonistic functions in shoots and synergistic functions in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Cammarata
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, United States; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, United States
| | - Adrienne Hk Roeder
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, United States; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, United States
| | - Michael J Scanlon
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Section of Plant Biology, Cornell University, United States
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22
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Brault ML, Petit JD, Immel F, Nicolas WJ, Glavier M, Brocard L, Gaston A, Fouché M, Hawkins TJ, Crowet J, Grison MS, Germain V, Rocher M, Kraner M, Alva V, Claverol S, Paterlini A, Helariutta Y, Deleu M, Lins L, Tilsner J, Bayer EM. Multiple C2 domains and transmembrane region proteins (MCTPs) tether membranes at plasmodesmata. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47182. [PMID: 31286648 PMCID: PMC6680132 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201847182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, membrane contact sites (MCS) allow direct communication between organelles. Plants have evolved a unique type of MCS, inside intercellular pores, the plasmodesmata, where endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) contacts coincide with regulation of cell-to-cell signalling. The molecular mechanism and function of membrane tethering within plasmodesmata remain unknown. Here, we show that the multiple C2 domains and transmembrane region protein (MCTP) family, key regulators of cell-to-cell signalling in plants, act as ER-PM tethers specifically at plasmodesmata. We report that MCTPs are plasmodesmata proteins that insert into the ER via their transmembrane region while their C2 domains dock to the PM through interaction with anionic phospholipids. A Atmctp3/Atmctp4 loss of function mutant induces plant developmental defects, impaired plasmodesmata function and composition, while MCTP4 expression in a yeast Δtether mutant partially restores ER-PM tethering. Our data suggest that MCTPs are unique membrane tethers controlling both ER-PM contacts and cell-to-cell signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Brault
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Jules D Petit
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesTERRA Research Centre, GX ABTUniversité de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Françoise Immel
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - William J Nicolas
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
- Present address:
Division of Biology and Biological EngineeringCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - Marie Glavier
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Lysiane Brocard
- Bordeaux Imaging CentrePlant Imaging PlatformUMS 3420, INRA‐CNRS‐INSERM‐University of BordeauxVillenave‐d'OrnonFrance
| | - Amèlia Gaston
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
- Present address:
UMR 1332 BFPINRAUniversity of BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | - Mathieu Fouché
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
- Present address:
UMR 1332 BFPINRAUniversity of BordeauxBordeauxFrance
| | | | - Jean‐Marc Crowet
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesTERRA Research Centre, GX ABTUniversité de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
- Present address:
Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire MEDyCUMR7369, CNRSUniversité de Reims‐Champagne‐ArdenneReimsFrance
| | - Magali S Grison
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Véronique Germain
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Marion Rocher
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
| | - Max Kraner
- Division of BiochemistryDepartment of BiologyFriedrich‐Alexander University Erlangen‐NurembergErlangenGermany
| | - Vikram Alva
- Department of Protein EvolutionMax Planck Institute for Developmental BiologyTübingenGermany
| | - Stéphane Claverol
- Proteome PlatformFunctional Genomic Center of BordeauxUniversity of BordeauxBordeaux CedexFrance
| | | | - Ykä Helariutta
- The Sainsbury LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Magali Deleu
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesTERRA Research Centre, GX ABTUniversité de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Laurence Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux InterfacesTERRA Research Centre, GX ABTUniversité de LiègeGemblouxBelgium
| | - Jens Tilsner
- Biomedical Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeUK
- Cell and Molecular SciencesThe James Hutton InstituteDundeeUK
| | - Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse MembranaireUMR5200, CNRSUniversité de BordeauxVillenave d'OrnonFrance
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23
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Abstract
Stomata are structures on the surfaces of most land plants that are required for gas exchange between plants and their environment. In Arabidopsis thaliana, stomata comprise two kidney bean-shaped epidermal guard cells that flank a central pore overlying a cavity in the mesophyll. These guard cells can adjust their shape to occlude or facilitate access to this pore, and in so doing regulate the release of water vapor and oxygen from the plant, in exchange for the intake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Stomatal guard cells are the end product of a specialized lineage whose cell divisions and fate transitions ensure both the production and pattern of cells in aerial epidermal tissues. The stomatal lineage is dynamic and flexible, altering stomatal production in response to environmental change. As such, the stomatal lineage is an excellent system to study how flexible developmental transitions are regulated in plants. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we will summarize current knowledge of the divisions and fate decisions during stomatal development, discussing the role of transcriptional regulators, cell-cell signaling and polarity proteins. We will highlight recent work that links the core regulators to systemic or environmental information and provide an evolutionary perspective on stomata lineage regulators in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R Lee
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305-5020
| | - Dominique C Bergmann
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 94305-5020
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA 94305
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24
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Ionic stress enhances ER-PM connectivity via phosphoinositide-associated SYT1 contact site expansion in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:1420-1429. [PMID: 30610176 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1818099116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The interorganelle communication mediated by membrane contact sites (MCSs) is an evolutionary hallmark of eukaryotic cells. MCS connections enable the nonvesicular exchange of information between organelles and allow them to coordinate responses to changing cellular environments. In plants, the importance of MCS components in the responses to environmental stress has been widely established, but the molecular mechanisms regulating interorganelle connectivity during stress still remain opaque. In this report, we use the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana to show that ionic stress increases endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) connectivity by promoting the cortical expansion of synaptotagmin 1 (SYT1)-enriched ER-PM contact sites (S-EPCSs). We define differential roles for the cortical cytoskeleton in the regulation of S-EPCS dynamics and ER-PM connectivity, and we identify the accumulation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] at the PM as a molecular signal associated with the ER-PM connectivity changes. Our study highlights the functional conservation of EPCS components and PM phosphoinositides as modulators of ER-PM connectivity in eukaryotes, and uncovers unique aspects of the spatiotemporal regulation of ER-PM connectivity in plants.
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25
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Liu L, Li J. Communications Between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Other Organelles During Abiotic Stress Response in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:749. [PMID: 31249578 PMCID: PMC6582665 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions, plants have evolved sophisticated tolerance mechanisms to integrate various stress signals and to coordinate plant growth and development. It is well known that inter-organellar communications play important roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to environmental stresses. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), extending throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, is a central organelle involved in lipid metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, and synthesis and folding of secretory and transmembrane proteins crucial to perceive and transduce environmental signals. The ER communicates with the nucleus via the highly conserved unfolded protein response pathway to mitigate ER stress. Importantly, recent studies have revealed that the dynamic ER network physically interacts with other intracellular organelles and endomembrane compartments, such as the Golgi complex, mitochondria, chloroplast, peroxisome, vacuole, and the plasma membrane, through multiple membrane contact sites between closely apposed organelles. In this review, we will discuss the signaling and metabolite exchanges between the ER and other organelles during abiotic stress responses in plants as well as the ER-organelle membrane contact sites and their associated tethering complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianming Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Jianming Li, ;
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26
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Abstract
Stomata are pores on plant epidermis that facilitate gas exchange and water evaporation between plants and the environment. Given the central role of stomata in photosynthesis and water-use efficiency, two vital events for plant growth, stomatal development is tightly controlled by a diverse range of signals. A family of peptide hormones regulates stomatal patterning and differentiation. In addition, plant hormones as well as numerous environmental cues influence the decision of whether to make stomata or not in distinct and complex manners. In this review, we summarize recent findings that reveal the mechanism of these three groups of signals in controlling stomatal formation, and discuss how these signals are integrated into the core stomatal development pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Qi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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27
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Molecular control of stomatal development. Biochem J 2018; 475:441-454. [PMID: 29386377 PMCID: PMC5791161 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved developmental plasticity which allows the up- or down-regulation of photosynthetic and water loss capacities as new leaves emerge. This developmental plasticity enables plants to maximise fitness and to survive under differing environments. Stomata play a pivotal role in this adaptive process. These microscopic pores in the epidermis of leaves control gas exchange between the plant and its surrounding environment. Stomatal development involves regulated cell fate decisions that ensure optimal stomatal density and spacing, enabling efficient gas exchange. The cellular patterning process is regulated by a complex signalling pathway involving extracellular ligand–receptor interactions, which, in turn, modulate the activity of three master transcription factors essential for the formation of stomata. Here, we review the current understanding of the biochemical interactions between the epidermal patterning factor ligands and the ERECTA family of leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases. We discuss how this leads to activation of a kinase cascade, regulation of the bHLH transcription factor SPEECHLESS and its relatives, and ultimately alters stomatal production.
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28
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Bayer EM, Sparkes I, Vanneste S, Rosado A. From shaping organelles to signalling platforms: the emerging functions of plant ER-PM contact sites. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 40:89-96. [PMID: 28865976 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) defines the biosynthetic site of lipids and proteins destined for secretion, but also contains important signal transduction and homeostasis components that regulate multiple hormonal and developmental responses. To achieve its various functions, the ER has a unique architecture, both reticulated and highly plastic, that facilitates the spatial-temporal segregation of biochemical reactions and the establishment of inter-organelle communication networks. At the cell cortex, the cortical ER (cER) anchors to and functionally couples with the PM through largely static structures known as ER-PM contact sites (EPCS). These spatially confined microdomains are emerging as critical regulators of the geometry of the cER network, and as highly specialized signalling hubs. In this review, we share recent insights into how EPCS regulate cER remodelling, and discuss the proposed roles for plant EPCS components in the integration of environmental and developmental signals at the cER-PM interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle M Bayer
- Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, UMR 5200 CNRS, University of Bordeaux, 71 avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Imogen Sparkes
- Biosciences, CLES, Exeter University, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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29
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Gehring C, Turek IS. Cyclic Nucleotide Monophosphates and Their Cyclases in Plant Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1704. [PMID: 29046682 PMCID: PMC5632652 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs), and notably 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) are now accepted as key signaling molecules in many processes in plants including growth and differentiation, photosynthesis, and biotic and abiotic defense. At the single molecule level, we are now beginning to understand how cNMPs modify specific target molecules such as cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, while at the systems level, a recent study of the Arabidopsis cNMP interactome has identified novel target molecules with specific cNMP-binding domains. A major advance came with the discovery and characterization of a steadily increasing number of guanylate cyclases (GCs) and adenylate cyclases (ACs). Several of the GCs are receptor kinases and include the brassinosteroid receptor, the phytosulfokine receptor, the Pep receptor, the plant natriuretic peptide receptor as well as a nitric oxide sensor. We foresee that in the near future many more molecular mechanisms and biological roles of GCs and ACs and their catalytic products will be discovered and further establish cNMPs as a key component of plant responses to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Gehring
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ilona S. Turek
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
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30
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Wang P, Hawes C, Hussey PJ. Plant Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Contact Sites. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 22:289-297. [PMID: 27955928 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acts as a superhighway with multiple sideroads that connects the different membrane compartments including the ER to the plasma membrane (PM). ER-PM contact sites (EPCSs) are a common feature in eukaryotic organisms, but have not been studied well in plants owing to the lack of molecular markers and to the difficulty in resolving the EPCS structure using conventional microscopy. Recently, however, plant protein complexes required for linking the ER and PM have been identified. This is a further step towards understanding the structure and function of plant EPCSs. We highlight some recent studies in this field and suggest several hypotheses that relate to the possible function of EPCSs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Wang
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Chris Hawes
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Patrick J Hussey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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31
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Qi X, Han SK, Dang JH, Garrick JM, Ito M, Hofstetter AK, Torii KU. Autocrine regulation of stomatal differentiation potential by EPF1 and ERECTA-LIKE1 ligand-receptor signaling. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28266915 PMCID: PMC5358980 DOI: 10.7554/elife.24102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of stomata, valves on the plant epidermis for optimal gas exchange and water control, is fine-tuned by multiple signaling peptides with unique, overlapping, or antagonistic activities. EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR1 (EPF1) is a founding member of the secreted peptide ligands enforcing stomatal patterning. Yet, its exact role remains unclear. Here, we report that EPF1 and its primary receptor ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1) target MUTE, a transcription factor specifying the proliferation-to-differentiation switch within the stomatal cell lineages. In turn, MUTE directly induces ERL1. The absolute co-expression of ERL1 and MUTE, with the co-presence of EPF1, triggers autocrine inhibition of stomatal fate. During normal stomatal development, this autocrine inhibition prevents extra symmetric divisions of stomatal precursors likely owing to excessive MUTE activity. Our study reveals the unexpected role of self-inhibition as a mechanism for ensuring proper stomatal development and suggests an intricate signal buffering mechanism underlying plant tissue patterning. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.24102.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Qi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Soon-Ki Han
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jonathan H Dang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Garrick
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Masaki Ito
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences/Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Alex K Hofstetter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Keiko U Torii
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States.,Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences/Institute of Transformative Biomolecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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32
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McFarlane HE, Lee EK, van Bezouwen LS, Ross B, Rosado A, Samuels AL. Multiscale Structural Analysis of Plant ER-PM Contact Sites. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:478-484. [PMID: 28100648 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Membrane contact sites are recognized across eukaryotic systems as important nanostructures. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) contact sites (EPCS) are involved in excitation-contraction coupling, signaling, and plant responses to stress. In this report, we perform a multiscale structural analysis of Arabidopsis EPCS that combines live cell imaging, quantitative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron tomography over a developmental gradient. To place EPCS in the context of the entire cortical ER, we examined green fluorescent protein (GFP)-HDEL in living cells over a developmental gradient, then Synaptotagmin1 (SYT1)-GFP was used as a specific marker of EPCS. In all tissues examined, young, rapidly elongating cells showed lamellar cortical ER and higher density of SYT1-GFP puncta, while in mature cells the cortical ER network was tubular, highly dynamic and had fewer SYT1-labeled puncta. The higher density of EPCS in young cells was verified by quantitative TEM of cryo-fixed tissues. For all cell types, the size of each EPCS had a consistent range in length along the PM from 50 to 300 nm, with microtubules and ribosomes excluded from the EPCS. The structural characterization of EPCS in different plant tissues, and the correlation of EPCS densities over developmental gradients illustrate how ER-PM communication evolves in response to cellular expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E McFarlane
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura S van Bezouwen
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bradford Ross
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
| | - A Lacey Samuels
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, University Blvd., Vancouver, Canada
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