1
|
Yue D, Zhang H, Zhang T, Yang C, Yang T, Qu Z, Zhang Y, Chen G, Li S, Chen Y. Mild steam treatment: Enhancing the rehydration performance of instant rice noodles by changing the physicochemical properties and gel structure of rice starch. J Food Sci 2024; 89:2371-2383. [PMID: 38488724 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The "instant" quality of instant rice noodles is significantly affected by slow rehydration during cooking. This happens as a result of the native rice starch's low ability to gelatinize as well as the high shear and pressure utilized in industries during the widely used extrusion molding process. In order to address this issue, the rice flour was pretreated with mild steam (MS) technology. The results revealed that the rehydration qualities of the rice noodles that were extruded from the steam-treated flour significantly improved. There was a reduction of 25.5% in the rehydration time, from 443 to 330 s. The MS-treated rice starch's peak viscosity increased to 4503 from 4044 mPa/s. Decreases in gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) and short-range ordering also suggest a reduction in difficulty in accomplishing starch gelatinization. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed particle aggregation increased as the treatment duration lasted longer. In conclusion, our findings indicate that we successfully addressed the issue of slow rehydration in instant rice noodles while presenting a novel approach for their manufacturing in the manufacturing sector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daheng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Tongliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zihan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yifu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aung SH, Abeyrathne EDNS, Hossain MA, Jung DY, Kim HC, Jo C, Nam KC. Comparative Quality Traits, Flavor Compounds, and Metabolite Profile of Korean Native Black Goat Meat. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:639-658. [PMID: 37483995 PMCID: PMC10359836 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although goat meat has several health benefits than other red meats but comsumers reluctant it due to its unpleasant flavor. This study aimed to investigate the odorant of goat meat as well as compare the quality traits of meat regarding sex status. The loin meats [non-castrated male (NCM), castrated male (CM), and female (FM)] were collected and stored at 4°C in a laboratory refrigerator and analyzed on the 1st, 5th, and 8th consecutive days. The moisture content was the lowest and the protein content was highest in FM (p<0.05). Fat and ash content in NCM and FM were similar while lowest in CM. The CIE L* was significantly higher in NCM, but there were no significant differences of CIE a* and CIE b* within groups at initial day. The color intensity increased on the 5th storage day and decreased again after the 8th storage day, except in NCM. NCM displayed the highest thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value (p<0.05), whereas CM displayed a higher pH value than other groups throughout the storage period. Indole levels were the highest in NCM (0.031 mg/kg); however, skatole levels were not significant differences across all treatments (p>0.05). No significant difference was observed in the fatty acid composition between NCM and CM (p>0.05), whereas a significant difference was observed in FM (p<0.05). Most of the water-soluble metabolites showed significant differences between sexes. Overall, sex status effects on quality properties of meat and castration can improve the overall sensory acceptance by reducing goaty flavor of Korean native black goat meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shine Htet Aung
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
- Department of Zoology, Kyaukse
University, Kyaukse 05151, Myanmar
| | - Edirisinghe Dewage Nalaka Sandun Abeyrathne
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
- Department of Animal Science, Uva Wellassa
University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Md. Altaf Hossain
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
- Department of Applied Food Science and
Nutrition, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences
University, Chattogram 4225, Bangladesh
| | - Doo Yeon Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,
Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,
Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,
Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture
and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Ki-Chang Nam
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sclareolide-Indole Conjugates and Their Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041737. [PMID: 36838727 PMCID: PMC9961340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclareolide is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from various plant sources in tons every year and is commercially used as a flavor ingredient in the cosmetic and food industries. Antitumor and antiviral activities of sclareolide have been previously reported. However, biological studies of sclareolide synthetic analogous are few. In view of these, we developed a robust synthetic method that allows the assembly of 36 novel sclareolide-indole conjugates and their derivatives. The synthetic method was based on TiCl4-promoted nucleophilic substitution of sclareolide-derived hemiacetal 4, while electron-rich aryles including indoles, polyphenol ethers, and pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyridine were good substrates. The stereochemistry of the final products was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, while the antiproliferative activities of selected final products were tested in K562 and MV4-11 cancer cell lines. Cytometric flow analysis shows that lead compounds 8k- and 10-induced robust apoptosis in MV4-11 cancer cells, while they exhibited weak impact on cell cycle progression. Taken together, our study suggests that sclareolide could be a good template and substrate for the synthesis of novel antiproliferative compounds.
Collapse
|
4
|
Duman Erbaş E, Gwokyalya R, Altuntaş H, Kutrup B. Screening the immunotoxicity of different food preservative agents on the model organism Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35758106 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2091589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Immunotoxic effects of sodium benzoate (SB, E211), sodium nitrate (SNa, E251), and sodium nitrite (SNi, E250), a few of the most common food preservatives, on the model organism Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae were investigated in this study. The last instar larvae were used for all experimental analyses. For this purpose, median lethal doses of SB, SNa, and SNi were applied to the larvae by the force-feeding method. We found that force-feeding G. mellonella larvae with SB, SNa, and SNi significantly reduced the larval total hemocyte counts, prohemocyte, and granulocyte ratios but increased plasmatocyte, spherulocyte, and oenocyte ratios, as well as the hemocyte mitotic indices and micronucleus frequency. The spreading ability of hemocytes and hemocyte-mediated immune responses were lower in the SB, SNa-, and SNi-treated larval groups compared to controls. Apoptotic indices were higher in all larval groups treated with food preservatives, but increments in necrotic indices were only significantly higher in SNi-treated larvae compared to controls. Our research shows that SB, SNa, and SNi have immunotoxic and cytotoxic potential on G. mellonella larvae. Thus, we suggest that G. mellonella larvae can be used as preliminary in vivo models to screen the immunotoxic effects of food preservative agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emine Duman Erbaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Rehemah Gwokyalya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Hülya Altuntaş
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Bilal Kutrup
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Araújo Cordeiro ARRD, Medeiros LLD, Olegário LDS, Carvalho LMD, Bezerra TKA, Pacheco MTB, Galvão MDS, Madruga MS. Effect of proteases on water-soluble and fat-soluble aroma precursors of goat visceras protein hydrolysate. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Loï C, Cynober L. Glutamate: A Safe Nutrient, Not Just a Simple Additive. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2022; 78:133-146. [PMID: 35172302 DOI: 10.1159/000522482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2017, an European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) opinion on the use of glutamate and its salts as food additives led to an ADI of 30mg/kg body weight/day. Then, in 2021, an EFSA statement presented a proposal for harmonising the establishment of Health-Based Guidance Values for nutrients that are also regulated substances (including food additives). The present review argues that the 2017 glutamate ADI is unsuitable because safety of glutamate should firstly consider its status as a nutrient and not only as an additive. SUMMARY Glutamate is a non-essential amino acid playing a key role in nitrogen homeostasis. The dietary exposure to glutamate in adults is extensive, due to its ubiquitous presence in foods, under three forms: bound to proteins, naturally free and free form added as an additive. Glutamate naturally included into proteins is the major source of dietary glutamate. Thus, since it plays a role in nitrogen homeostasis, it is a nutrient before being an additive. Its pharmacokinetics is largely impacted by concomitant food intake but the extent to which plasma glutamate concentration must rise to have deleterious effects is never encountered in humans consuming glutamate in their daily diets. This is due to the fact that glutamate is highly metabolized in the splanchnic area. Key Messages: Glutamate should be considered as a safe nutrient before as an additive by risk assessor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luc Cynober
- Laboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition, URP 4466, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kumari L, Jaiswal P, Tripathy SS. Various techniques useful for determination of adulterants in valuable saffron: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
8
|
Thermodynamic analysis of albumin interaction with monosodium glutamate food additive: Insights from multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking approaches. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
9
|
Flückger S, Igareta NV, Seebeck FP. Convergent Evolution of Fungal Cysteine Dioxygenases. Chembiochem 2020; 21:3082-3086. [PMID: 32543095 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cupin-type cysteine dioxygenases (CDOs) are non-heme iron enzymes that occur in animals, plants, bacteria and in filamentous fungi. In this report, we show that agaricomycetes contain an entirely unrelated type of CDO that emerged by convergent evolution from enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ergothioneine. The activity of this CDO type is dependent on the ergothioneine precursor N-α-trimethylhistidine. The metabolic link between ergothioneine production and cysteine oxidation suggests that the two processes might be part of the same chemical response in fungi, for example against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Flückger
- Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nico V Igareta
- Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P Seebeck
- Department for Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soyseven M, Aboul‐Enein HY, Arli G. Development of a HPLC method combined with ultraviolet/diode array detection for determination of monosodium glutamate in various food samples. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Soyseven
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
| | - Hassan Y. Aboul‐Enein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Department Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division National Research Center Dokki Cairo 12622 Egypt
| | - Göksel Arli
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Akula R, Mukherjee S. New insights on neurotransmitters signaling mechanisms in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1737450. [PMID: 32375557 PMCID: PMC8570756 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1737450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Neurotransmitters (NTs) such as acetylcholine, biogenic amines (dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, histamine), indoleamines [(melatonin (MEL) & serotonin (SER)] have been found not only in mammalians, but also in diverse living organisms-microorganisms to plants. These NTs have emerged as potential signaling molecules in the last decade of investigations in various plant systems. NTs have been found to play important roles in plant life including-organogenesis, flowering, ion permeability, photosynthesis, circadian rhythm, reproduction, fruit ripening, photomorphogenesis, adaptation to environmental changes. This review will provide an overview of recent advancements on the physiological and molecular mechanism of NTs in plants. Moreover, molecular crosstalk of SER and MEL with various biomolecules is also discussed. The study of these NTs may serve as new understanding of the mechanisms of signal transmission and cell sensing in plants subjected to various environmental stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Akula
- Bayer Crop Science division, Vegetable R & D Department, Chikkaballapur, India
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gazwi HSS, Mahmoud ME, Hamed MM. Antimicrobial activity of rosemary leaf extracts and efficacy of ethanol extract against testicular damage caused by 50-Hz electromagnetic field in albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:15798-15805. [PMID: 32086737 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08111-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rosemary is a restorative plant that has numerous utilizations in traditional medicine. In this investigation, rosemary leaf extracts were examined for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The antimicrobial activity was tested against 8 bacterial strains. The antioxidant feature of rosemary extract on rat testicular tissue after exposure to the electromagnetic field. Sixty adult male albino rats weighing 180-200 g (aged 2 months) were divided into six groups: control group, rosemary group (receiving rosemary extract at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.wt), EMF (2 h) group (exposed to 50 Hz and 5.4 kV per meter of magnetic field for 2 h), EMF (4 h) group (exposed to 50 Hz and 5.4 kV per meter of magnetic field for 4 h), EMF (2 h) + rosemary group (receiving both magnetic field for 2 h and extract), and EMF (4 h) + rosemary group (receiving both magnetic field for 4 h and extract). After 30 days, the rats were sacrificed, and some estimates were determined. Results exhibited that the ethanolic extract of rosemary leaves was active against pathogenic bacteria. Results also demonstrated that exposure to EMF diminished level of male hormones (e.g., follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and luteinizing hormone (LH)) in serum and catalase (CAT) activity remarkably and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in comparison to the control group. Signs of improvement in the male hormones, CAT activity, and MDA levels were noticed during the treatments with rosemary. Histological results showed that the rosemary extract inhibited the destructive effect of electromagnetic fields on testicular tissue. This research reveals that the ethanolic extract of rosemary has many beneficial effects that can be compelling in supporting individuals living with EMF ecological contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa S S Gazwi
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Magda E Mahmoud
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Moaz M Hamed
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Red sea branch, Hurghada, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Calderón-Oliver M, López-Hernández LH. Food Vegetable and Fruit Waste Used in Meat Products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1740732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Humberto López-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Carnes, Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, Querétaro, México
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jin HJ, Han DH. College Students' Experience of a Food Safety Class and Their Responses to the MSG Issue. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162977. [PMID: 31430891 PMCID: PMC6719175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examines whether students' experience in a food safety class affected their responses to the monosodium glutamate (MSG) issue and to message framing. We differentiated students into two groups depending on their involvement in a food safety class. The data were collected through in-class surveys in South Korea. A structural equation model was used where the dependent variable was students' intention to avoid MSG; the mediating variables were knowledge, trust, attitude, and risk perception; and the exogenous variable was class experience. A difference-in-differences scheme was used to analyze the interaction between class experience and message frame. Empirical results show that students who took the class had relatively more knowledge of MSG along with lower risk perceptions or fears of MSG and thus a reduced intention to avoid it. The class experience also affected their trust in overall food safety in the domestic market as well as in food-related institutions and groups. Students showed sensitivity to message framing, although the sensitivity did not statistically differ by students' class experience status. Our results imply that cultivating students' knowledge of food additives through a food safety class enables them to respond more reasonably toward food additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joung Jin
- Department of Economics, College of Business & Economics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea.
| | - Dae Hee Han
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Sun W, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Bao Y. Genetic engineering of Bacillus sp. and fermentation process optimizing for diacetyl production. J Biotechnol 2019; 301:2-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
16
|
Soon JM. Structural modelling of food allergen knowledge, attitude and practices among consumers in Malaysia. Food Res Int 2018; 111:674-681. [PMID: 30007732 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess food allergen knowledge, attitude and self-reported practices among consumers in Malaysia. An online survey was conducted and data were analysed using descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis. A model linking food allergen knowledge and attitude and their direct effects on practices were confirmed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Consumers demonstrated moderate food allergen knowledge in this study but scored highly in their attitude towards food allergens. Although participants scored moderately in food allergen knowledge, this does not necessarily translate into practices. There is a possibility that an increase in food allergen knowledge can increase optimistic bias or a sense of over-confidence to manage allergen risks. Consumers' attitude towards food allergens has a positive and significant influence on practices. A positive attitude represents personal beliefs and reflects the level of motivation and care required to manage food allergens effectively. There was insignificant relationship between food allergen knowledge and attitude. This demonstrates a need to tailor targeted risk communication and learning strategies to influence consumers' practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mei Soon
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Briguglio M, Dell'Osso B, Panzica G, Malgaroli A, Banfi G, Zanaboni Dina C, Galentino R, Porta M. Dietary Neurotransmitters: A Narrative Review on Current Knowledge. Nutrients 2018; 10:E591. [PMID: 29748506 PMCID: PMC5986471 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Foods are natural sources of substances that may exert crucial effects on the nervous system in humans. Some of these substances are the neurotransmitters (NTs) acetylcholine (ACh), the modified amino acids glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and the biogenic amines dopamine, serotonin (5-HT), and histamine. In neuropsychiatry, progressive integration of dietary approaches in clinical routine made it necessary to discern the more about some of these dietary NTs. Relevant books and literature from PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for data on food sources of Ach, glutamate, GABA, dopamine, 5-HT, and histamine. Different animal foods, fruits, edible plants, roots, and botanicals were reported to contain NTs. These substances can either be naturally present, as part of essential metabolic processes and ecological interactions, or derive from controlled/uncontrolled food technology processes. Ripening time, methods of preservation and cooking, and microbial activity further contributes to NTs. Moreover, gut microbiota are considerable sources of NTs. However, the significance of dietary NTs intake needs to be further investigated as there are no significant data on their bioavailability, neuronal/non neuronal effects, or clinical implications. Evidence-based interventions studies should be encouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Briguglio
- Tourette's Syndrome and Movement Disorders Centre, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Hospital, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, I.R.C.C.S. Ca' Granda Foundation, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- Department of Neuroscience, Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Antonio Malgaroli
- Neurobiology of Learning Unit, Division of Neuroscience, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- Scientific Direction, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Hospital, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlotta Zanaboni Dina
- Tourette's Syndrome and Movement Disorders Centre, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Hospital, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - Roberta Galentino
- Tourette's Syndrome and Movement Disorders Centre, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Hospital, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| | - Mauro Porta
- Tourette's Syndrome and Movement Disorders Centre, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi Hospital, 20161 Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Ravikumar S, David Y, Park SJ, Choi JI. A Chimeric Two-Component Regulatory System-Based Escherichia coli Biosensor Engineered to Detect Glutamate. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:335-349. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2746-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
Aspartame is a synthetic dipeptide artificial sweetener, frequently used in foods, medications, and beverages, notably carbonated and powdered soft drinks. Since 1981, when aspartame was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, researchers have debated both its recommended safe dosage (40 mg/kg/d) and its general safety to organ systems. This review examines papers published between 2000 and 2016 on both the safe dosage and higher-than-recommended dosages and presents a concise synthesis of current trends. Data on the safe aspartame dosage are controversial, and the literature suggests there are potential side effects associated with aspartame consumption. Since aspartame consumption is on the rise, the safety of this sweetener should be revisited. Most of the literature available on the safety of aspartame is included in this review. Safety studies are based primarily on animal models, as data from human studies are limited. The existing animal studies and the limited human studies suggest that aspartame and its metabolites, whether consumed in quantities significantly higher than the recommended safe dosage or within recommended safe levels, may disrupt the oxidant/antioxidant balance, induce oxidative stress, and damage cell membrane integrity, potentially affecting a variety of cells and tissues and causing a deregulation of cellular function, ultimately leading to systemic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arbind Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Feketea G, Tsabouri S. Common food colorants and allergic reactions in children: Myth or reality? Food Chem 2017; 230:578-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
22
|
Piper JD, Piper PW. Benzoate and Sorbate Salts: A Systematic Review of the Potential Hazards of These Invaluable Preservatives and the Expanding Spectrum of Clinical Uses for Sodium Benzoate. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:868-880. [PMID: 33371618 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate are extremely useful agents for food and beverage preservation, yet concerns remain over their complete safety. Benzoate can react with the ascorbic acid in drinks to produce the carcinogen benzene. A few children develop allergy to this additive while, as a competitive inhibitor of D-amino acid oxidase, benzoate can also influence neurotransmission and cognitive functioning. Model organism and cell culture studies have raised some issues. Benzoate has been found to exert teratogenic and neurotoxic effects on zebrafish embryos. In addition, benzoate and sorbate are reported to cause chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes; also to be potently mutagenic toward the mitochondrial DNA in aerobic yeast cells. Whether the substantial human consumption of these compounds could significantly increase levels of such damages in man is still unclear. There is no firm evidence that it is a risk factor in type 2 diabetes. The clinical administration of sodium benzoate is of proven benefit for many patients with urea cycle disorders, while recent studies indicate it may also be advantageous in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, early-stage Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, exposure to high amounts of this agent should be approached with caution, especially since it has the potential to generate a shortage of glycine which, in turn, can negatively influence brain neurochemistry. We discuss here how a small fraction of the population might be rendered-either through their genes or a chronic medical condition-particularly susceptible to any adverse effects of sodium benzoate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Piper
- Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Inst., Queen Mary Univ. of London, London, E1 2AT, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Piper
- Dept. of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Univ. of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Häberle M, Geier J, Mahler V. Kontaktallergie auf Sulfite und Sulfitunverträglichkeit: klinische und berufliche Relevanz. ALLERGO JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s15007-017-1298-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
24
|
[Risk hidden in the small print? : Some food additives may trigger pseudoallergic reactions]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2017; 59:777-82. [PMID: 27173908 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-016-2347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Some food additives may trigger pseudoallergenic reactions. However, the prevalence of such an overreaction is - despite the increasing number of food additives - rather low in the general population. The most common triggers of pseudoallergic reactions to food are naturally occurring ingredients. However, symptoms in patients with chronic urticaria should improve significantly on a pseudoallergen-free diet. In addition, some studies indicate that certain food additives may also have an impact on the symptoms of patients with neurodermatitis and asthma.
Collapse
|
25
|
Adaptation of Candida albicans to Reactive Sulfur Species. Genetics 2017; 206:151-162. [PMID: 28235888 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.199679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is highly resistant to different oxidative stresses. How reactive sulfur species (RSS) such as sulfite regulate gene expression and the role of the transcription factor Zcf2 and the sulfite exporter Ssu1 in such responses are not known. Here, we show that C. albicans specifically adapts to sulfite stress and that Zcf2 is required for that response as well as induction of genes predicted to remove sulfite from cells and to increase the intracellular amount of a subset of nitrogen metabolites. Analysis of mutants in the sulfate assimilation pathway show that sulfite conversion to sulfide accounts for part of sulfite toxicity and that Zcf2-dependent expression of the SSU1 sulfite exporter is induced by both sulfite and sulfide. Mutations in the SSU1 promoter that selectively inhibit induction by the reactive nitrogen species (RNS) nitrite, a previously reported activator of SSU1, support a model for C. albicans in which Cta4-dependent RNS induction and Zcf2-dependent RSS induction are mediated by parallel pathways, different from S. cerevisiae in which the transcription factor Fzf1 mediates responses to both RNS and RSS. Lastly, we found that endogenous sulfite production leads to an increase in resistance to exogenously added sulfite. These results demonstrate that C. albicans has a unique response to sulfite that differs from the general oxidative stress response, and that adaptation to internal and external sulfite is largely mediated by one transcription factor and one effector gene.
Collapse
|
26
|
Contact allergy and intolerance to sulphite compounds: clinical and occupational relevance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40629-016-0003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
27
|
|
28
|
Greisinger S, Jovanovski S, Buchbauer G. An Interesting Tour of New Research Results on Umami and Umami Compounds. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601101040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about the fifth basic taste, the umami taste, has been investigated by many scientists in the last years and continues to gain importance. Therefore, a lot of scientific studies were conducted to explore several effects influencing the mechanism of umami, which is elicited and enhanced by defined concentrations of MSG (monosodium glutamate) and umami compounds. This paper covers the most relevant scientific literature regarding umami, its use as a flavor enhancer, and the latest umami compounds, which have been released in the last ten years. The main goal of this overview was to summarize the most important results which were related to umami as one of the five basic tastes, the umami taste receptor, the essential role of umami in a great number of physiological mechanisms, and the MSG symptom complex. Furthermore, the function of umami in the interaction of taste, aftertaste and olfactory pathways has been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Greisinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Jovanovski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Buchbauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Girinathan BP, Braun S, Sirigireddy AR, Lopez JE, Govind R. Importance of Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH) in Clostridium difficile Colonization In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160107. [PMID: 27467167 PMCID: PMC4965041 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the principal cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Major metabolic requirements for colonization and expansion of C. difficile after microbiota disturbance have not been fully determined. In this study, we show that glutamate utilization is important for C. difficile to establish itself in the animal gut. When the gluD gene, which codes for glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), was disrupted, the mutant C. difficile was unable to colonize and cause disease in a hamster model. Further, from the complementation experiment it appears that extracellular GDH may be playing a role in promoting C. difficile colonization and disease progression. Quantification of free amino acids in the hamster gut during C. difficile infection showed that glutamate is among preferred amino acids utilized by C. difficile during its expansion. This study provides evidence of the importance of glutamate metabolism for C. difficile pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sterling Braun
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, United States of America
| | | | - Jose Espinola Lopez
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, United States of America
| | - Revathi Govind
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Gasem MAT. Effect of monosodium glutamate and aspartame on behavioral and biochemical parameters of male albino mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2015.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
32
|
Lante A, Tinello F, Nicoletto M. UV-A light treatment for controlling enzymatic browning of fresh-cut fruits. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2015.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
33
|
Skypala IJ, Williams M, Reeves L, Meyer R, Venter C. Sensitivity to food additives, vaso-active amines and salicylates: a review of the evidence. Clin Transl Allergy 2015; 5:34. [PMID: 26468368 PMCID: PMC4604636 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-015-0078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is considerable literature pertaining to IgE and non IgE-mediated food allergy, there is a paucity of information on non-immune mediated reactions to foods, other than metabolic disorders such as lactose intolerance. Food additives and naturally occurring 'food chemicals' have long been reported as having the potential to provoke symptoms in those who are more sensitive to their effects. Diets low in 'food chemicals' gained prominence in the 1970s and 1980s, and their popularity remains, although the evidence of their efficacy is very limited. This review focuses on the available evidence for the role and likely adverse effects of both added and natural 'food chemicals' including benzoate, sulphite, monosodium glutamate, vaso-active or biogenic amines and salicylate. Studies assessing the efficacy of the restriction of these substances in the diet have mainly been undertaken in adults, but the paper will also touch on the use of such diets in children. The difficulty of reviewing the available evidence is that few of the studies have been controlled and, for many, considerable time has elapsed since their publication. Meanwhile dietary patterns and habits have changed hugely in the interim, so the conclusions may not be relevant for our current dietary norms. The conclusion of the review is that there may be some benefit in the removal of an additive or a group of foods high in natural food chemicals from the diet for a limited period for certain individuals, providing the diagnostic pathway is followed and the foods are reintroduced back into the diet to assess for the efficacy of removal. However diets involving the removal of multiple additives and food chemicals have the very great potential to lead to nutritional deficiency especially in the paediatric population. Any dietary intervention, whether for the purposes of diagnosis or management of food allergy or food intolerance, should be adapted to the individual's dietary habits and a suitably trained dietitian should ensure nutritional needs are met. Ultimately a healthy diet should be the aim for all patients presenting in the allergy clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel J. Skypala
- />Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP UK
| | - M. Williams
- />Somerset Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Somerset, UK
| | - L. Reeves
- />Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - R. Meyer
- />Great Ormond Street NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C. Venter
- />The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Engineering Escherichia coli to sense acidic amino acids by introduction of a chimeric two-component system. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
35
|
Contribution of surface polysaccharides to the resistance of Campylobacter jejuni to antimicrobial phenolic compounds. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2015; 68:591-3. [PMID: 25757605 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
36
|
Demirhan BE, Demirhan B, Sönmez C, Torul H, Tamer U, Yentür G. Monosodium glutamate in chicken and beef stock cubes using high-performance liquid chromatography. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2014; 8:63-6. [PMID: 25494446 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2014.991355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this survey monosodium glutamate (MSG) levels in chicken and beef stock cube samples were determined. A total number of 122 stock cube samples (from brands A, B, C, D) were collected from local markets in Ankara, Turkey. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was used for quantitative MSG determination. Mean MSG levels (±SE) in samples of A, B, C and D brands were 14.6 ± 0.2 g kg⁻¹, 11.9 ± 0.3 g kg⁻¹, 9.7 ± 0.1 g kg⁻¹ and 7.2 ± 0.1 g kg⁻¹, respectively. Differences between mean levels of brands were significant. Also, mean levels of chicken stock cube samples were lower than in beef stock cubes. Maximum limits for MSG in stock cubes are not specified in the Turkish Food Codex (TFC). Generally the limit for MSG in foods (except some foods) is established as 10 g kg⁻¹ (individually or in combination).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Buket Er Demirhan
- a Department of Food Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy , Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Al-Footy KO, Alarif WM, Asiri F, Aly MM, Ayyad SEN. Rare pyrane-based cembranoids from the Red Sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum as potential antimicrobial–antitumor agents. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
38
|
Abstract
For centuries, food additives have been used for flavouring, colouring and extension of the useful shelf life of food, as well as the promotion of food safety. During the last 20 years, the studies implicating the additives contained in foods and medicine as a causative factor of allergic reactions have been proliferated considerably. In this review, we aimed to overview all of the food additives which were approved to consume in EU and find out how common and serious allergic reactions come into existence following the consuming of food additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Gultekin
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Cunur, Isparta, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
A review of the genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of aspartame: does it safe or not? Cytotechnology 2014; 66:875-81. [PMID: 24510317 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article is to review genotoxicologic and carcinogenic profile of the artificial sweetener aspartame. Aspartame is a synthetic dipeptide, nearly 180-200 times sweeter than sucrose. It is the most widely used artificial sweetener especially in carbonated and powdered soft drinks, beverages, drugs and hygiene products. There is a discussion ongoing for many years whether aspartame posses genotoxic and carcinogenic risk for humans. This question led to many studies to specify the adverse effects of aspartame. Therefore, we aimed to review the oldest to latest works published in major indices to gather information within this article. With respect to published data, genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of aspartame is still confusing. So, consumers should be aware of the potential side effects of aspartame before they consume it.
Collapse
|
40
|
Xin W, Xugang S, Xie C, Li J, Hu J, Yin YL, Deng ZY. The acute and chronic effects of monosodium L-glutamate on serum iron and total iron-binding capacity in the jugular artery and vein of pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 153:191-5. [PMID: 23625160 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the effects of acute and chronic oral administration of monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) on serum iron (Fe) levels and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) in piglets. In the first experiment, 12 piglets were randomly assigned to two groups: one fed a standard diet (SD) and the other fed an SD containing MSG (10 g/kg). On day 30, serum, liver, kidney, and spleen samples were collected to determine the Fe levels. In the second experiment, six pigs were surgically fitted with a catheter in the jugular artery and vein to investigate the dynamic changes of serum Fe and TIBC. Blood samples were taken from each pig via the catheter every 30 min, for a period of 4 h. The results show that MSG increases Fe levels in the spleen (P < 0.05) and in serum obtained from the jugular artery (P < 0.01). In addition, TIBC in serum obtained from the jugular artery demonstrated an increasing trend in pigs fed the MSG diet; however, this trend was not observed in the jugular vein. In conclusion, MSG increases Fe retention by enhancing TIBC in serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sarıkaya R, Selvi M, Erkoç F. Evaluation of potential genotoxicity of five food dyes using the somatic mutation and recombination test. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 88:974-9. [PMID: 22482698 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, different concentrations of five food dyes (amaranth, patent blue, carminic acid, indigotine and erythrosine) have been evaluated for genotoxicity in the Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART) of Drosophila melanogaster. Standard cross was used in the experiment. Larvae including two linked recessive wing hair mutations were chronically fed at different concentrations of the test compounds in standard Drosophila Instant Medium. Feeding ended with pupation of the surviving larvae. Wings of the emerging adult flies were scored for the presence of spots of mutant cells which can result from either somatic mutation or somatic recombination. For the evaluation of genotoxic effects, the frequencies of spots per wing in the treated series were compared to the control group, which was distilled water. The present study shows that carminic acid and indigotine demonstrated negative results while erythrosine demonstrated inconclusive results. In addition 25 mg mL(-1) concentration of patent blue and 12.5, 25 and 50 mg mL(-1) concentrations of amaranth demonstrated positive results in the SMART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Sarıkaya
- Department of Primary School Education, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, 06500 Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wu X, Li J, Hu JN, Deng ZY. The effects of glutamate and citrate on absorption and distribution of aluminum in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 148:83-90. [PMID: 22328308 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of glutamate (Glu) and citrate (Cit) on the absorption and distribution of aluminum in rats. In the in vitro experiment, 18 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (average weight of 250 ± 15 g) were randomly divided into three groups. The entire intestine was rapidly removed and cultured in prediction samples of 20 mmol AlCl(3), 20 mmol AlCl(3)+20 mmol Cit, and 20 mmol AlCl(3)+20 mmol Glu, respectively. Liquid in different intestines and the intestines were obtained for Al determination. In the in vivo chronic study, 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (average weight of 127 ± 10 g) were divided into four groups fed with the following diets: no Al and Glu added (control), AlCl(3) (1.2 mmol), AlCl(3) (1.2 mmol) + Cit (1.2 mmol), and AlCl(3) (1.2 mmol) + Glu (1.2 mmol) daily for 50 days, respectively. After rat sacrifice, blood samples were obtained for biochemical analyses, and organ samples like the brain, kidney, liver, and bone were rapidly taken for Al determination. The results showed that the absorption rate of Al with the following order: duodenum > jejunum > ileum in the in vitro study and the administration of AlCl(3)+Cit or AlCl(3)+Glu resulted in significant increases in Al absorption in the three parts of the gut (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) compared to the AlCl(3) alone group based on wet weight (P < 0.05). There were no differences between the AlCl(3)+Cit and AlCl(3)+Glu groups. In the in vivo chronic study, supplementing either AlCl(3) alone or AlCl(3)+Glu decreased food consumption significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, animals fed with the AlCl(3) diet monitored for red blood cell, kidney, and liver showed a higher level (P < 0.05), but did not significantly increase Al retention in the brain and bone (P > 0.05); animals fed with AlCl(3)+Cit diets were monitored for higher Al retention in the brain, kidney, bone, and liver (P < 0.05), while animals fed with AlCl(3)+Glu diets were monitored for red blood cell, brain, and kidney (P < 0.05). Compared with the AlCl(3) group, simultaneous administration of AlCl(3) and Glu led to a significant increase in Al retention in red blood cell, brain, and kidney (P < 0.01) while AlCl(3) and Cit in the kidney and bone (P < 0.01). Simultaneous administration of AlCl(3) and Cit significantly increases plasma malondialdehyde level (P < 0.05); both simultaneous administration of AlCl(3) and Glu or AlCl(3) and Cit led to significant decreases in superoxide dismutase level in the plasma (P < 0.05), while AlCl3 alone did not. The results indicated that both Cit and Glu enhanced Al absorption in the intestine in vitro, and Glu increased Al deposition in red blood cell, brain, and kidney in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gull I, Saeed M, Shaukat H, Aslam SM, Samra ZQ, Athar AM. Inhibitory effect of Allium sativum and Zingiber officinale extracts on clinically important drug resistant pathogenic bacteria. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2012; 11:8. [PMID: 22540232 PMCID: PMC3418209 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-11-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbs and spices are very important and useful as therapeutic agent against many pathological infections. Increasing multidrug resistance of pathogens forces to find alternative compounds for treatment of infectious diseases. METHODS In the present study the antimicrobial potency of garlic and ginger has been investigated against eight local clinical bacterial isolates. Three types of extracts of each garlic and ginger including aqueous extract, methanol extract and ethanol extract had been assayed separately against drug resistant Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sonnei, Staphylococcusepidermidis and Salmonella typhi. The antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion method. RESULTS All tested bacterial strains were most susceptible to the garlic aqueous extract and showed poor susceptibility to the ginger aqueous extract. The (minimum inhibitory concentration) MIC of different bacterial species varied from 0.05 mg/ml to 1.0 mg/ml. CONCLUSION In the light of several socioeconomic factors of Pakistan mainly poverty and poor hygienic condition, present study encourages the use of spices as alternative or supplementary medicine to reduce the burden of high cost, side effects and progressively increasing drug resistance of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iram Gull
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mariam Saeed
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Halima Shaukat
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz M Aslam
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Qadir Samra
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amin M Athar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sonklin C, Laohakunjit N, Kerdchoechuen O. Physicochemical and flavor characteristics of flavoring agent from mungbean protein hydrolyzed by bromelain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:8475-8483. [PMID: 21739999 DOI: 10.1021/jf202006a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic bromelain mungbean meal protein hydrolysate (eb-MPH) was produced from mungbean meal protein isolate (MPI). Enzymatic bromelain, with a known protease activity of 98,652 (unit/g), was used at concentrations of 0, 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18% (w/w) and with hydrolysis times of 0.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. The pH and temperature were controlled at 6.0 and 50 °C, respectively. It was found that the best treatment combination for eb-MPH production by response surface methodology (RSM) was 18% bromelain and a hydrolysis time of 3 h, resulting in the greatest degree of hydrolysis (% DH) and percent yield, with values of 61.04 and 45.63%, respectively. Results also showed that the phenylalanine, tyrosine and leucine contents of the optimally produced eb-MPH were 20.88, 14.50 and 10.93%, respectively. Twelve volatile compounds were identified using gas chromatography mass spectrometry in eb-MPH; benzaldehyde, 2-pentylfuran and furfural were the predominant odorants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanikan Sonklin
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abdelaziz I, Ashour AERA. Effect of saccharin on albino rats’ blood indices and the therapeutic action of vitamins C and E. Hum Exp Toxicol 2011; 30:129-137. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110368695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The present work aimed to study some blood indices of rats as affected by saccharin and the therapeutic action of vitamins C and E. The used adult female Rattus norvegicus albino rats in the present study were weighing 100—120 g. Administration of saccharin at a dose of 35 mg kg—1body weight (b.wt.) day—1for 35 days significantly decreased serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein and albumin values. These decrements were by 20.16%, 22.76%, 44.92%, 20.16% and 40.44%, respectively, compared to control level (p value < 0.01). But it increased levels of kidney function indices. The effect of saccharin was more pronounced on creatinine. Activities of Alanine aminotranferease (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly following saccharin treatment to rats. Concerning hematoligical parameters, the more obvious changes were observed in the increment of white blood cell (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and platelets (PLT) and the decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (RBCs) count in response to the administration of saccharin. In general, vitamin C or E (150 mg kg—1b.wt. day—1for 35 days) was able to reduce the effects of saccharin intake. Both vitamins, however, generally have beneficial effects in reducing the changes in the studied parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Abdelaziz
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, the Islamic University of Gaza, Palestine
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Glutamate. Its applications in food and contribution to health. Appetite 2010; 55:1-10. [PMID: 20470841 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Revised: 03/28/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews application of glutamate in food and its benefits and role as one of the common food ingredients used. Monosodium glutamate is one of the most abundant naturally occurring amino acids which frequently added as a flavor enhancer. It produced a unique taste that cannot be provided by other basic taste (saltiness, sourness, sweetness and bitterness), referred to as a fifth taste (umami). Glutamate serves some functions in the body as well, serving as an energy source for certain tissues and as a substrate for glutathione synthesis. Glutamate has the potential to enhance food intake in older individuals and dietary free glutamate evoked a visceral sensation from the stomach, intestine and portal vein. Small quantities of glutamate used in combination with a reduced amount of table salt during food preparation allow for far less salt to be used during and after cooking. Because glutamate is one of the most intensely studied food ingredients in the food supply and has been found safe, the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization placed it in the safest category for food additives. Despite a widespread belief that glutamate can elicit asthma, migraine headache and Chinese Restaurant Syndrome (CRS), there are no consistent clinical data to support this claim. In addition, findings from the literature indicate that there is no consistent evidence to suggest that individuals may be uniquely sensitive to glutamate.
Collapse
|