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Sun H, Yan S, Wu C, Ma J, Lu K, Cheng X, Yan W, Zhang S, Chen XD, Wu WD. Dandelion inspired microparticles with highly efficient drug delivery to deep lung. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 244:114134. [PMID: 39121569 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) embedded dry powder for inhalation (AeDPI) shows higher drug loading and delivery dose for directly treating various lung infections. Inspired by the dandelion, we propose a novel kind of AeDPI microparticle structure fabricated by spray freeze drying technology, which would potentially enhance the alveoli deposition efficiency. When inhaling, such microparticles are expected to be easily broken-up into fragments containing API that acts as 'seed' and could be delivered to alveoli aided by the low density 'pappus' composed of excipient. Herein, itraconazole (ITZ), a first-line drug for treating pulmonary aspergillosis, was selected as model API. TPGS, an amphiphilic surfactant, was used to achieve stable primary ITZ nanocrystal (INc) suspensions for spray freeze drying. A series of microparticles were prepared, and the dandelion-like structure was successfully achieved. The effects of feed liquid compositions and freezing parameters on the microparticle size, morphology, surface energy, crystal properties and in vitro aerosol performance were systematically investigated. The optimal sample (SF(-50)D-INc7Leu3-2) in one-way experiment showed the highest fine particle fraction of ∼ 68.96 % and extra fine particle fraction of ∼ 36.87 %, equivalently ∼ 4.60 mg and ∼ 2.46 mg could reach the lung and alveoli, respectively, when inhaling 10 mg dry powders. The response surface methodology (RSM) analysis provided the optimized design space for fabricating microparticles with higher deep lung deposition performance. This study demonstrates the advantages of AeDPI microparticle with dandelion-like structure on promoting the delivery efficiency of high-dose drug to the deep lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Sun
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Shen Yan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China.
| | - Chaojie Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Jingye Ma
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Kangwei Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Wenqi Yan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Shengyu Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Xiao Dong Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Winston Duo Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China.
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Stella J, Abdelaal MAME, Kamal MAM, Shehu K, Alhayek A, Haupenthal J, Hirsch AK, Schneider M. Spray drying of a zinc complexing agent for inhalation therapy of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 202:106891. [PMID: 39233259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis, a disabling lung disease, results from the fibrotic transformation of lung tissue. This fibrotic transformation leads to a deterioration of lung capacity, resulting in significant respiratory distress and a reduction in overall quality of life. Currently, the frontline treatment of pulmonary fibrosis remains limited, focusing primarily on symptom relief and slowing disease progression. Bacterial infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa are contributing to a severe progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Phytic acid, a natural chelator of zinc, which is essential for the activation of metalloproteinase enzymes involved in pulmonary fibrosis, shows potential inhibition of LasB, a virulence factor in P. aeruginosa, and mammalian metalloproteases (MMPs). In addition, phytic acid has anti-inflammatory properties believed to result from its ability to capture free radicals, inhibit certain inflammatory enzymes and proteins, and reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines, key signaling molecules that promote inflammation. To achieve higher local concentrations in the deep lung, phytic acid was spray dried into an inhalable powder. Challenges due to its hygroscopic and low melting (25 °C) nature were mitigated by converting it to sodium phytate to improve crystallinity and powder characteristics. The addition of leucine improved aerodynamic properties and reduced agglomeration, while mannitol served as carrier matrix. Size variation was achieved by modifying process parameters and were evaluated by tools such as the Next Generation Impactor (NGI), light diffraction methods, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). An inhibition assay for human MMP-1 (collagenase-1) and MMP-2 (gelatinase A) allowed estimation of the biological effect on tissue remodeling enzymes. The activity was also assessed with respect to inhibition of bacterial LasB. The formulated phytic acid demonstrated an IC50 of 109.7 µg/mL for LasB with viabilities > 80 % up to 188 µg/mL on A549 cells. Therefore, inhalation therapy with phytic acid-based powder shows promise as a treatment for early-stage Pseudomonas-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Stella
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | | | - Mohamed Ashraf Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Kristela Shehu
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Alaa Alhayek
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Anna K Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Campus C4 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany.
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Aekwattanaphol N, Das SC, Khadka P, Nakpheng T, Ali Khumaini Mudhar Bintang M, Srichana T. Development of a proliposomal pretomanid dry powder inhaler as a novel alternative approach for combating pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Pharm 2024; 664:124608. [PMID: 39163929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) continue as public health concerns. Inhaled drug therapy for TB has substantial benefits in combating the causal agent of TB (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). Pretomanid is a promising candidate in an optional combined regimen for XDR-TB. Pretomanid has demonstrated high potency against M. tuberculosis in both the active and latent phases. Conventional spray drying was used to formulate pretomanid as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) for deep lung delivery using a proliposomal system with a trehalose coarse excipient to enhance the drug solubility. Co-spray drying with L-leucine protected hygroscopic trehalose in formulations and improved powder aerosolization. Higher amounts of L-leucine (40-50 % w/w) resulted in the formation of mesoporous particles with high percentages of drug content and entrapment efficiency. The aerosolized powders demonstrated both geometric and median aerodynamic diameters < 5 µm with > 90 % emitted dose and > 50 % fine particle fraction. Upon reconstitution in simulated physiological fluid, the proliposomes completely converted to liposomes, exhibiting suitable particle sizes (130-300 nm) with stable colloids and improving drug solubility, leading to higher drug dissolution compared to the drug alone. Inhalable pretomanid showed higher antimycobacterial activity than pretomanid alone. The formulations were safe for all broncho-epithelial cell lines and alveolar macrophages, thus indicating their potential suitability for DPIs targeting pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattanit Aekwattanaphol
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand; School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Prakash Khadka
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, 18 Frederick St, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Titpawan Nakpheng
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Ali Khumaini Mudhar Bintang
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
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Emami S, Hemmati Z, Yaqoubi S, Hamishehkar H, Alvani A. Nanocrystal Agglomerates of Curcumin Prepared by Electrospray Drying as an Excipient-Free Dry Powder for Inhalation. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:6288621. [PMID: 39281030 PMCID: PMC11398964 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6288621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has shown beneficial effects on pulmonary diseases with chronic inflammation or abnormal inflammatory responses, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis. Clinical applications of curcumin are limited due to its chemical instability in solution, low water solubility, poor oral bioavailability, and intestinal and liver first-pass metabolism. Pulmonary delivery of curcumin can address these challenges and provide a high concentration in lung tissues. The purpose of the current work was to prepare a novel inhalable dry powder of curcumin nanocrystals without added excipients using electrospray drying (ED) with improved dissolution and aerosolization properties. ED of curcumin was performed at 2 and 4% w/v concentrations in acetone. Physicochemical properties of the formulated powders were evaluated by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), density and powder flow measurements, and in vitro dissolution. The in vitro deposition studies were conducted using next-generation impactor (NGI) and aerosol performance and aerodynamic particle size parameters were calculated for prepared formulations. ED could produce agglomerates of nanocrystals with a size of about 500 nm at an acceptable yield of about 50%. PXRD and FTIR data revealed that prepared nanocrystals were in a stable crystalline state. The bulk and tapped density of prepared agglomerates were in the range appropriate for pulmonary delivery. Formed nanocrystals could significantly improve the dissolution rate of water-insoluble curcumin. The optimized formulation exhibited acceptable recovered dose percentage, high emitted dose percentage, optimum mean mass median aerodynamic diameter, small geometric standard deviation, and high fine-particle fraction that favors delivery of curcumin to the deep lung regions. The ED proved to be an efficient technique to prepare curcumin nanocrystals for pulmonary delivery in a single step, at a mild condition, and with no surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Emami
- Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Hemmati
- Student Research Committee School of Pharmacy Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shadi Yaqoubi
- Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Alvani
- Student Research Committee Faculty of Pharmacy Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang C, van de Weert M, Bjerregaard S, Rantanen J, Yang M. Leucine as a Moisture-Protective Excipient in Spray-Dried Protein/Trehalose Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:2764-2774. [PMID: 38944343 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of leucine (Leu), a hydrophobic amino acid, into pharmaceutically relevant particles via spray-drying can improve the physicochemical and particulate properties, stability, and ultimately bioavailability of the final product. More specifically, Leu has been proposed to form a shell on the surface of spray-dried (SD) particles. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of Leu in the SD protein/trehalose (Tre) formulation to control the water uptake and moisture-induced recrystallization of amorphous Tre, using lysozyme (LZM) as a model protein. LZM/Tre (1:1, w/w) was dissolved in water with varied amounts of Leu (0 - 40%, w/w) and processed by spray-drying. The solid form, residual moisture content (RMC), hygroscopicity, and morphology of SD LZM/Tre/Leu powders were evaluated, before and after storage under 22°C/55% RH conditions for 90 and 180 days. The X-ray powder diffraction results showed that Leu was in crystalline form when the amount of Leu in the formulation was at least 20% (w/w). Thermo-gravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy results showed that 0%, 5%, and 10% (w/w) Leu formulations led to comparable RMC and raisin-like round particles. In contrast, higher Leu contents resulted in a lower RMC and increased surface corrugation of the SD particles. Dynamic vapor sorption analysis showed that partial recrystallization of amorphous Tre to crystalline Tre·dihydrate occurred in the 0% Leu formulation. However, adding as little as 5% (w/w) Leu inhibited this recrystallization during the water sorption/desorption cycle. In addition, after storage, the formulations with higher Leu contents showed reduced water uptake. Instead of observing recrystallization of amorphous Tre in 0%, 5%, and 10% (w/w) Leu formulations, recrystallization of amorphous Leu was noted in the 5% and 10% (w/w) Leu formulations after storage. In summary, our study demonstrated that the addition of Leu has the potential to reduce water uptake and inhibit moisture-induced recrystallization of amorphous Tre in the SD protein/Tre powder system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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Tran TT, Cheow WS, Pu S, Park JW, Hadinoto K. Dry Powder Inhaler Formulation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Bronchiectasis Maintenance Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:980. [PMID: 39204326 PMCID: PMC11357607 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The inhaled delivery of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) probiotics has been demonstrated to exert therapeutic benefits to the lungs due to LAB's immunomodulatory activities. The development of inhaled probiotics formulation, however, is in its nascent stage limited to nebulized LAB. We developed a dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation of lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) intended for bronchiectasis maintenance therapy by spray freeze drying (SFD). The optimal DPI formulation (i.e., LGG: mannitol: lactose: leucine = 35: 45: 15: 5 wt.%) was determined based on the aerosolization efficiency (86% emitted dose and 26% respirable fraction) and LGG cell viability post-SFD (7 log CFU/mL per mg powder). The optimal DPI formulation was evaluated and compared to lyophilized naked LGG by its (1) adhesion capacity and cytotoxicity to human lung epithelium cells (i.e., A549 and 16HBE14o- cells) as well as its (2) effectiveness in inhibiting the growth and adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to lung cells. The optimal DPI of LGG exhibited similar non-cytotoxicity and adhesion capacity to lung cells to naked LGG. The DPI of LGG also inhibited the growth and adhesion of P. aeruginosa to the lung cells as effectively as the naked LGG. The present work established the feasibility of delivering the LAB probiotic by the DPI platform without adversely affecting LGG's anti-pseudomonal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- The-Thien Tran
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Wean Sin Cheow
- Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
| | - Siyu Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jin-Won Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Kunn Hadinoto
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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Paul PK, Nakpheng T, Paliwal H, Prem Ananth K, Srichana T. Inhalable solid lipid nanoparticles of levofloxacin for potential tuberculosis treatment. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124309. [PMID: 38848797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Delivering novel antimycobacterial agents through the pulmonary route using nanoparticle-based systems shows promise for treating diseases like tuberculosis. However, creating dry powder inhaler (DPI) with suitable aerodynamic characteristics while preserving nanostructure integrity and maintaining bioactivity until the active ingredient travels deeply into the lungs is a difficult challenge. We developed DPI formulations containing levofloxacin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) via spray-drying technique with tailored aerosolization characteristics for effective inhalation therapy. A range of biophysical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to measure the morphologies and sizes of the spray-dried microparticles that explored both the geometric and aerodynamic properties. Spray drying substantially reduced the particle sizes of the SLNs while preserving their nanostructural integrity and enhancing aerosol dispersion with efficient mucus penetration. Despite a slower uptake rate compared to plain SLNs, the polyethylene glycol modified formulations exhibited enhanced cellular uptake in both A549 and NR8383 cell lines. The percent viability of Mycobacterium bovis had dropped to nearly 0 % by day 5 for both types of SLNs. Interestingly, the levofloxacin-loaded SLNs demonstrated a lower minimum bactericidal concentration (0.25 µg/mL) compared with pure levofloxacin (1 µg/mL), which indicated the formulations have potential as effective treatments for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijush Kumar Paul
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Titpawan Nakpheng
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Himanshu Paliwal
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutics, Sanjivani College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kopargaon 423603, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prem Ananth
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Alizadeh H, Khoshhal P, Mirmoeini MS, Gilani K. Evaluating the effect of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose on pulmonary delivery of levofloxacin spray-dried microparticles. Daru 2024:10.1007/s40199-024-00526-x. [PMID: 38955893 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-024-00526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cystic fibrosis commonly suffer from lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Recently, the Levofloxacin (LVF) nebulizing solution (Quinsair®) has been prescribed for the antimicrobial management. The sustained-release (SR) dry powder formulation of LVF is a convenient alternative to Quinsair®. It has the potential to enhance patient convenience and decrease the likelihood of drug resistance over time. OBJECTIVE In this paper, we set forth to formulate and evaluate the potential application of sodium alginate (SA) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) for sustained pulmonary delivery of LVF. METHODS The spray-dried (SD) LVF microparticles were formulated using SCMC and SA along with L-leucine (Leu). The microparticles were analyzed in terms of particle size, morphology, x-ray diffraction (XRD), in-vitro drug release, and aerodynamic properties. Selected formulations were further proceeded to short-term stability test. RESULTS The polymer-containing samples displayed process yield of 33.31%-39.67%, mean entrapment efficiency of 89% and volume size within the range of 2-5 μm. All the hydrogel microparticles were amorphous and exhibited rounded morphology with surface indentations. Formulations with a drug-to-excipient ratio of 50:50 and higher, showed a 24-h SR. The aerodynamic parameters were fine particle fraction and emitted dose percentage ranging between 46.21%-60.6% and 66.67%-87.75%, respectively. The short-term stability test revealed that the formulation with a 50:50 drug-to-excipient ratio, containing SA, demonstrated better physical stability. CONCLUSION The selected formulation containing SA has the potential to extend the release duration. However, further enhancements are required to optimize its performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Alizadeh
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Khoshhal
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Mirmoeini
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilani
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jeong JH, Kim JS, Choi YR, Shin DH, Kang JH, Kim DW, Park YS, Park CW. Preparation and Evaluation of Inhalable Microparticles with Improved Aerodynamic Performance and Dispersibility Using L-Leucine and Hot-Melt Extrusion. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:784. [PMID: 38931905 PMCID: PMC11206964 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dry-powder inhalers (DPIs) are valued for their stability but formulating them is challenging due to powder aggregation and limited flowability, which affects drug delivery and uniformity. In this study, the incorporation of L-leucine (LEU) into hot-melt extrusion (HME) was proposed to enhance dispersibility while simultaneously maintaining the high aerodynamic performance of inhalable microparticles. This study explored using LEU in HME to improve dispersibility and maintain the high aerodynamic performance of inhalable microparticles. Formulations with crystalline itraconazole (ITZ) and LEU were made via co-jet milling and HME followed by jet milling. The LEU ratio varied, comparing solubility, homogenization, and aerodynamic performance enhancements. In HME, ITZ solubility increased, and crystallinity decreased. Higher LEU ratios in HME formulations reduced the contact angle, enhancing mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) size and aerodynamic performance synergistically. Achieving a maximum extra fine particle fraction of 33.68 ± 1.31% enabled stable deep lung delivery. This study shows that HME combined with LEU effectively produces inhalable particles, which is promising for improved drug dispersion and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyuk Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Yu-Rim Choi
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Dae Hwan Shin
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
- Institute of New Drug Development and Respiratory Drug Development Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yun-Sang Park
- Research & Development Center, P2K Bio, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- Department of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (J.-H.J.); (J.-S.K.); (Y.-R.C.); (D.H.S.); (J.-H.K.)
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Li HY, Makatsoris C, Forbes B. Particulate bioaerogels for respiratory drug delivery. J Control Release 2024; 370:195-209. [PMID: 38641021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The bioaerogel microparticles have been recently developed for respiratory drug delivery and attract fast increasing interests. These highly porous microparticles have ultralow density and hence possess much reduced aerodynamic diameter, which favour them with greatly enhanced dispersibility and improved aerosolisation behaviour. The adjustable particle geometric dimensions by varying preparation methods and controlling operation parameters make it possible to fabricate bioaerogel microparticles with accurate sizes for efficient delivery to the targeted regions of respiratory tract (i.e. intranasal and pulmonary). Additionally, the technical process can provide bioaerogel microparticles with the opportunities of accommodating polar, weak polar and non-polar drugs at sufficient amount to satisfy clinical needs, and the adsorbed drugs are primarily in the amorphous form that potentially can facilitate drug dissolution and improve bioavailability. Finally, the nature of biopolymers can further offer additional advantageous characteristics of improved mucoadhesion, sustained drug release and subsequently elongated time for continuous treatment on-site. These fascinating features strongly support bioaerogel microparticles to become a novel platform for effective delivery of a wide range of drugs to the targeted respiratory regions, with increased drug residence time on-site, sustained drug release, constant treatment for local and systemic diseases and anticipated better-quality of therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ying Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
| | - Charalampos Makatsoris
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural & Mathematical Sciences, King's College London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Forbes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.
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11
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Kadota K, Uchiyama H, Kämäräinen T, Tanaka S, Tozuka Y. Building respirable powder architectures: utilizing polysaccharides for precise control of particle morphology for enhanced pulmonary drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:945-963. [PMID: 38961522 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2376702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations are gaining attention as universal formulations with applications in a diverse range of drug formulations. The practical application of DPIs to pulmonary drugs requires enhancing their delivery efficiency to the target sites for various treatment modalities. Previous reviews have not explored the relation between particle morphology and delivery to different pulmonary regions. This review introduces new approaches to improve targeted DPI delivery using novel particle design such as supraparticles and metal-organic frameworks based on cyclodextrin. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the design of DPI formulations using polysaccharides, promising excipients not yet approved by regulatory agencies. These excipients can be used to design various particle morphologies by controlling their physicochemical properties and manufacturing methods. EXPERT OPINION Challenges associated with DPI formulations include poor access to the lungs and low delivery efficiency to target sites in the lung. The restricted applicability of typical excipients contributes to their limited use. However, new formulations based on polysaccharides are expected to establish a technological foundation for the development of DPIs capable of delivering modalities specific to different lung target sites, thereby enhancing drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kadota
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tero Kämäräinen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanaka
- Faculty of Environmental and Urban Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tozuka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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12
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Zhang L, Bera H, Guo Y, Shi C, Ulrik Lind J, Radeke C, Wang J, Wang H, Zhao X, Cun D, Yang M. Co-spray dried inhalable composite powders of ciprofloxacin and alginate oligosaccharide as anti-biofilm therapy. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123949. [PMID: 38417723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of chronic respiratory infections caused by biofilm formation are extremely challenging owing to poor drug penetration into the complex biofilm structure and high drug resistance. Local delivery of an antibiotic together with a non-antibiotic adjuvant to the lungs could often enhance the therapeutic responses by targeting different bacterial growth pathways and minimizing drug resistance. In this study, we designed new inhalable dry powders containing ciprofloxacin (CIP) and OligoG (Oli, a low-molecular-weight alginate oligosaccharide impairing the mucoid biofilms by interacting with their cationic ions) to combat respiratory bacterial biofilm infections. The resulting powders were characterized with respect to their morphology, solid-state property, surface chemistry, moisture sorption behavior, and dissolution rate. The aerosol performance and storage stability of the dry powders were also evaluated. The results showed that inhalable dry powders composed of CIP and Oli could be readily accomplished via the wet milling and spray drying process. Upon the storage under 20 ± 2 °C/20 ± 2 % relative humidity (RH) for one month, there was no significant change in the in vitro aerosol performances of the dry powders. In contrast, the dry powders became non-inhalable following the storage at 20 ± 2 °C/53 ± 2 % RH for one month due to the hygroscopic nature of Oli, which could be largely prevented by incorporation of leucine. Collectively, this study suggests that the newly developed co-spray-dried powders composed of CIP and Oli might represent a promising and alternative treatment strategy against respiratory bacterial biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, 110016 Shenyang, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China; Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hriday Bera
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, India
| | - Yi Guo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, 110016 Shenyang, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China; Taiyuan Health School, Taiyuan, China
| | - Changzhi Shi
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, 110016 Shenyang, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Johan Ulrik Lind
- Department of Health Technology (DTU Health Tech), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carmen Radeke
- Department of Health Technology (DTU Health Tech), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hengzhuang Wang
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Henrik Harpestrengsvej 4A, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Dongmei Cun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, 110016 Shenyang, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Mingshi Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road, No. 103, 110016 Shenyang, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, China; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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13
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Rai VK, Kumar A, Pradhan D, Halder J, Rajwar TK, Sarangi MK, Dash P, Das C, Manoharadas S, Kar B, Ghosh G, Rath G. Spray-Dried Mucoadhesive Re-dispersible Gargle of Chlorhexidine for Improved Response Against Throat Infection: Formulation Development, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:31. [PMID: 38326518 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery to the buccal mucosa is one of the most convenient ways to treat common mouth problems. Here, we propose a spray-dried re-dispersible mucoadhesive controlled release gargle formulation to improve the efficacy of chlorhexidine. The present investigation portrays an approach to get stable and free-flowing spray-dried porous aggregates of chlorhexidine-loaded sodium alginate nanoparticles. The ionic gelation technique aided with the chlorhexidine's positive surface charge-based crosslinking, followed by spray drying of the nanoparticle's dispersion in the presence of lactose- and leucine-yielded nano-aggregates with good flow properties and with a size range of about 120-350 nm. Provided with the high entrapment efficiency (87%), the particles showed sustained drug release behaviors over a duration of 10 h, where 87% of the released drug got permeated within 12 h. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared formulation was tested on S. aureus, provided with a higher zone of growth inhibition than the marketed formulation. Aided with an appropriate mucoadhesive strength, this product exhibited extended retention of nanoparticles in the throat region, as shown by in vivo imaging results. In conclusion, the technology, provided with high drug retention and extended effect, could be a potential candidate for treating several types of throat infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Amresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Jitu Halder
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Rajwar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Sarangi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Dash
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Chandan Das
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Salim Manoharadas
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2454, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Biswakanth Kar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751003, India.
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14
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Moon C, Sahakijpijarn S, Maier EY, Taft DR, Jara MO, Praphawatvet T, Manandhar R, Shetty N, Lubach J, Narang A, Nagapudi K, Williams RO. Inhaled JAK Inhibitor GDC-0214 Nanoaggregate Powder Exhibits Improved Pharmacokinetic Profile in Rats Compared to the Micronized Form: Benefits of Thin Film Freezing. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:564-580. [PMID: 38215042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic disease affecting the airways in the lungs. The receptors of allergic cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13, trigger the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, which involves the pathogenesis of asthma. GDC-0214 is a JAK inhibitor that was developed as a potent and selective target for the treatment of asthma, specifically targeting the lungs. While inhaled GDC-0214 is a promising novel treatment option against asthma, improvement is still needed to achieve increased potency of the powder formulation and a reduced number of capsules containing powder to be inhaled. In this study, high-potency amorphous powder formulations containing GDC-0214 nanoaggregates for dry powder inhalation were developed using particle engineering technology, thin film freezing (TFF). A high dose per capsule was successfully achieved by enhancing the solubility of GDC-0214 and powder conditioning. Lactose and/or leucine as excipients exhibited optimum stability and aerosolization of GDC-0214 nanoaggregates, and aerosolization of the dose was independent of air flow through the device between 2 and 6 kPa pressure drops. In the rat PK study, formulation F20, which contains 80% GDC-0214 and 20% lactose, resulted in the highest AUC0-24h in the lungs with the lowest AUC0-24h in the plasma that corresponds to a 4.8-fold higher ratio of the lung-to-plasma exposures compared to micronized crystalline GDC-0214 powder administered by dry powder inhalation. Therefore, GDC-0214 nanoaggregates produced by TFF provided an improved dry powder for inhalation that can lead to enhanced therapeutic efficacy with a lower risk of systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeho Moon
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sawittree Sahakijpijarn
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- TFF Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Austin, Texas 78753, United States
| | - Esther Y Maier
- Drug Dynamics Institute, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78723, United States
| | - David R Taft
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Miguel O Jara
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Tuangrat Praphawatvet
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - Nivedita Shetty
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Lubach
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ajit Narang
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Karthik Nagapudi
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Robert O Williams
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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15
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Saha T, Lyons N, Yue Yung DB, Quiñones-Mateu ME, Pletzer D, Das SC. Repurposing ebselen as an inhalable dry powder to treat respiratory tract infections. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 195:114170. [PMID: 38128743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are one of the leading causes of death globally, lately exacerbated by the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. While antimicrobial resistance could be overcome by developing new antimicrobial agents, the use of a safe repurposed agent having potent antimicrobial activity against various RTIs can be an efficient and cost-effective alternative to overcome the long and complex process of developing and testing new drugs. Ebselen, a synthetic organoselenium drug originally developed to treat noise-inducing hearing problems, has shown promising antimicrobial activity in vitro against several respiratory pathogens including viruses (e.g., SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus) and bacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus). Inhaled drug delivery is considered a promising approach for treating RTIs, as it can ensure effective drug concentrations at a lower dose, thereby minimizing the side effects that are often encountered by using oral or injectable drugs. In this study, we developed inhalable ebselen dry powder formulations using a spray-drying technique. The amino acids leucine, methionine, and tryptophan were incorporated with ebselen to enhance the yield and aerosolization of the dry powders. The amino acid-containing ebselen dry powders showed a better yield (37-56.4 %) than the amino acid-free formulation (30.9 %). All dry powders were crystalline in nature. The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was less than 5 µm for amino acids containing dry powders (3-4 µm) and slightly higher (5.4 µm) for amino acid free dry powder indicating their suitability for inhalation. The aerosol performance was higher when amino acids were used, and the leucine-containing ebselen dry powder showed the highest emitted dose (84 %) and fine particle fraction (68 %). All amino acid formulations had similar cytotoxicity as raw ebselen, tested in respiratory cell line (A549 cells), with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) between 100 and 250 μg/mL. Raw ebselen and amino acid-containing dry powders showed similar potent antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus and S. pneumoniae with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.31 μg/mL and 0.16 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, raw ebselen and the formulations showed limited antimicrobial activity against the Gram-negative pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In summary, in this study we were able to develop amino-acid-containing inhalable dry powders of ebselen that could be used against different respiratory pathogens, especially Gram-positive bacteria, which could ensure more drug deposition in the respiratory tract, including the lungs. DPIs are generally used to treat lung (lower respiratory tract) diseases. However, DPIs can also be used to treat both upper and lower RTIs. The deposition of the dry powder in the respiratory tract is dependent on its physicochemical properties and this properties can be modulated to target the intended site of infection (upper and/or lower respiratory tract). Further studies will allow the development of similar formulations of individual and/or combination of antimicrobials that could be used to inhibit a number of respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Saha
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nikita Lyons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Deborah Bow Yue Yung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Miguel E Quiñones-Mateu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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16
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Sosnowski TR. Towards More Precise Targeting of Inhaled Aerosols to Different Areas of the Respiratory System. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:97. [PMID: 38258107 PMCID: PMC10818612 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical aerosols play a key role in the treatment of lung disorders, but also systemic diseases, due to their ability to target specific areas of the respiratory system (RS). This article focuses on identifying and clarifying the influence of various factors involved in the generation of aerosol micro- and nanoparticles on their regional distribution and deposition in the RS. Attention is given to the importance of process parameters during the aerosolization of liquids or powders and the role of aerosol flow dynamics in the RS. The interaction of deposited particles with the fluid environment of the lung is also pointed out as an important step in the mass transfer of the drug to the RS surface. The analysis presented highlights the technical aspects of preparing the precursors to ensure that the properties of the aerosol are suitable for a given therapeutic target. Through an analysis of existing technical limitations, selected strategies aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of targeted aerosol delivery to the RS have been identified and presented. These strategies also include the use of smart inhaling devices and systems with built-in AI algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz R Sosnowski
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
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17
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Carneiro S, Müller JT, Merkel OM. Targeted Molecular Therapeutics for Pulmonary Diseases: Addressing the Need for Precise Drug Delivery. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:313-328. [PMID: 38177399 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory diseases are a major concern in public health, impacting a large population worldwide. Despite the availability of therapies that alleviate symptoms, selectively addressing the critical points of pathopathways remains a major challenge. Innovative formulations designed for reaching these targets within the airways, enhanced selectivity, and prolonged therapeutic effects offer promising solutions. To provide insights into the specific medical requirements of chronic respiratory diseases, the initial focus of this chapter is directed on lung physiology, emphasizing the significance of lung barriers. Current treatments involving small molecules and the potential of gene therapy are also discussed. Additionally, we will explore targeting approaches, with a particular emphasis on nanoparticles, comparing targeted and non-targeted formulations for pulmonary administration. Finally, the potential of inhaled sphingolipids in the context of respiratory diseases is briefly discussed, highlighting their promising prospects in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joschka T Müller
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia M Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Munich, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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18
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Glieca S, Quarta E, Bottari B, Bancalari E, Monica S, Scaltriti E, Tambassi M, Flammini L, Bertoni S, Bianchera A, Fainardi V, Esposito S, Pisi G, Bettini R, Sonvico F, Buttini F. Development of inhalation powders containing lactic acid bacteria with antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 63:107001. [PMID: 37839715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.107001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the project was to develop and characterise powders containing a probiotic (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum [Lpb. plantarum], Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, or Lactobacillus acidophilus) to be administered to the lung for the containment of pathogen growth in patients with lung infections. METHODS The optimised spray drying process for the powder manufacturing was able to preserve viability of the bacteria, which decreased of only one log unit and was maintained up to 30 days. RESULTS Probiotic powders showed a high respirability (42%-50% of particles had a size < 5 µm) suitable for lung deposition and were proven safe on A549 and Calu-3 cells up to a concentration of 107 colony-forming units/mL. The Lpb. plantarum adhesion to both cell lines tested was at least 10%. Surprisingly, Lpb. plantarum powder was bactericidal at a concentration of 106 colony-forming units/mL on P. aeruginosa, whereas the other two strains were bacteriostatic. CONCLUSION This work represents a promising starting point to consider a probiotic inhalation powder a value in keeping the growth of pathogenic microflora in check during the antibiotic inhalation therapy suspension in cystic fibrosis treatment regimen. This approach could also be advantageous for interfering competitively with pathogenic bacteria and promoting the restoration of the healthy microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eride Quarta
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Saverio Monica
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Erika Scaltriti
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Tambassi
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Flammini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoni
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Fainardi
- Paediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Paediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pisi
- Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Paediatric Clinic, Az. Ospedaliera, Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ruggero Bettini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Buttini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Interdepartmental Centre for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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19
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Shah K, Chan LW, Wong TW. Conversion of liquid chitosan-based nanoemulsions into inhalable solid microparticles: Process challenges with polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126991. [PMID: 37739286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Solid particles ≤5 μm are essential to allow lower lung deposition and macrophage phagocytosis of anti-tubercular drugs. Decorating liquid nanoemulsion of anti-tubercular drug with macrophage-specific chitosan and chitosan-folate conjugate and spray drying the nanoemulsion with lactose produced oversized solid particles due to polysaccharide binding effects. This study designed solid nanoemulsion using lactose as the primary solid carrier and explored additives and spray-drying variables to reduce the binding and particle growth effects of chitosan. Deposition of magnesium stearate on lactose negated chitosan-inducible excessive lactose-liquid nanoemulsion binding and solid particle growth. Moderating the adhesion of chitosan-decorated liquid nanoemulsion onto lactose produced smooth-surface solid microparticles (size: 5.45 ± 0.26 μm; roughness: ∼80 nm) with heterogeneous size (span: 1.87 ± 1.21) through plasticization of constituent materials of nanoemulsion and lactose involving OH/N-H, C-H, CONH and/or COO moieties. Smaller solid particles could attach onto the larger particles with minimal steric hindrance by smooth surfaces. Together with round solid particulate structures (circularity: 0.919 ± 0.002), good pulmonary inhalation beneficial for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis as well as other diseases is conferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kifayatullah Shah
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lai Wah Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Tin Wui Wong
- Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia; Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam, 42300, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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20
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Okuda T, Okazaki M, Hayano A, Okamoto H. Stability of Naked Nucleic Acids under Physical Treatment and Powder Formation: Suitability for Development as Dry Powder Formulations for Inhalation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2786. [PMID: 38140126 PMCID: PMC10747740 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of functional nucleic acids, including plasmid DNA (pDNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), have been attracting increasing attention as new therapeutic modalities worldwide. Dry pDNA and siRNA powder formulations for inhalation are considered practical in clinical applications for respiratory diseases. However, physical stresses in the powder-forming process may destabilize nucleic acids, particularly when vectors with stabilizing effects are not used. We herein compare the stability of naked pDNA and siRNA through various physical treatments and two powder-forming processes. The structural and functional integrities of pDNA were markedly reduced via sonication, heating, and atomization, whereas those of siRNA were preserved throughout all of the physical treatments investigated. Spray-dried and spray-freeze-dried powders of siRNA maintained their structural and functional integrities, whereas those of pDNA did not. These results demonstrate that siRNA is more suitable for powder formation in the naked state than pDNA due to its higher stability under physical treatments. Furthermore, a spray-freeze-dried powder with a high content of naked siRNA (12% of the powder) was successfully produced that preserved its structural and functional integrities, achieving high aerosol performance with a fine particle fraction of approximately 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan; (M.O.); (A.H.); (H.O.)
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21
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Ueda H, Hirakawa Y, Miyano T, Nakayama Y, Hatanaka Y, Uchiyama H, Tozuka Y, Kadota K. Improvement in Inhalation Properties of Theophylline and Levofloxacin by Co-Amorphization and Enhancement in Its Stability by Addition of Amino Acid as a Third Component. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6368-6379. [PMID: 37942959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Co-amorphous systems are amorphous formulations stabilized by the miscible dispersion of small molecules. This study aimed to design a stable co-amorphous system for the co-delivery of two drugs to the lungs as an inhaled formulation. Theophylline (THE) and levofloxacin (LEV) were used as model drugs for treating lung infection with inflammation. Leucine (LEU) or tryptophan (TRP) was employed as the third component to improve the inhalation properties. The co-amorphous system containing THE and LEV in an equal molar ratio was successfully prepared via spray drying where reduction of the particle size and change to the spherical morphology were observed. The addition of LEU or TRP at a one-tenth molar ratio to THE-LEV did not affect the formation of the co-amorphous system, but only TRP acted as an antiplasticizer. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra revealed intermolecular interactions between THE and LEV in the co-amorphous system that were retained after the addition of LEU or TRP. The co-amorphous THE-LEV system exhibited better in vitro aerodynamic performance than a physical mixture of these compounds and permitted the simultaneous delivery of both drugs in various stages. The co-amorphous THE-LEV system crystallized at 40 °C, and this crystallization was not prevented by LEU. However, THE-LEV-TRP maintained its amorphous state for 1 month. Thus, TRP can act as a third component to improve the physical stability of the co-amorphous THE-LEV system, while maintaining the enhanced aerodynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueda
- Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yuya Hirakawa
- Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miyano
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yuzuki Nakayama
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yuta Hatanaka
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tozuka
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kadota
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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22
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Glieca S, Cavazzini D, Levati E, Garrapa V, Bolchi A, Franceschi V, Odau S, Ottonello S, Donofrio G, Füner J, Sonvico F, Bettini R, Montanini B, Buttini F. A dry powder formulation for peripheral lung delivery and absorption of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 ACE2 decoy polypeptide. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 191:106609. [PMID: 37838239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the strategies proposed for the neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 has been to synthetize small proteins able to act as a decoy towards the virus spike protein, preventing it from entering the host cells. In this work, the incorporation of one of these proteins, LCB1, within a spray-dried formulation for inhalation was investigated. A design of experiments approach was applied to investigate the optimal condition for the manufacturing of an inhalable powder. The lead formulation, containing 6% w/w of LCB1 as well as trehalose and L-leucine as excipients, preserved the physical stability of the protein and its ability to neutralize the virus. In addition, the powder had a fine particle fraction of 58.6% and a very high extra-fine particle fraction (31.3%) which could allow a peripheral deposition in the lung. The in vivo administration of the LCB1 inhalation powder showed no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic from the liquid formulation, indicating the rapid dissolution of the microparticles and the protein capability to translocate into the plasma. Moreover, LCB1 in plasma samples still maintained the ability to neutralize the virus. In conclusion, the optimized spray drying conditions allowed to obtain an inhalation powder able to preserve the protein biological activity, rendering it suitable for a systemic prevention of the viral infection via pulmonary administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Glieca
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Davide Cavazzini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Levati
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Bolchi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Valentina Franceschi
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Simone Odau
- Preclinics GmbH, Wetzlarer Str. 20, Potsdam 14482, Germany
| | - Simone Ottonello
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Gaetano Donofrio
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, via del Taglio 10, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Jonas Füner
- Preclinics GmbH, Wetzlarer Str. 20, Potsdam 14482, Germany
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Ruggero Bettini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Barbara Montanini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy.
| | - Francesca Buttini
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Innovation in Health Products, Biopharmanet_TEC, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Parma 43124, Italy.
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23
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Abstracts from The International Society for Aerosols in Medicine. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2023. [PMID: 37906031 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2023.ab02.abstracts] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
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24
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Saha T, Sinha S, Harfoot R, Quiñones-Mateu ME, Das SC. Inhalable dry powder containing remdesivir and disulfiram: Preparation and in vitro characterization. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123411. [PMID: 37703955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory tract, as the first and most afflicted target of many viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, seems to be the logical choice for delivering antiviral agents against this and other respiratory viruses. A combination of remdesivir and disulfiram, targeting two different steps in the viral replication cycle, has showed synergistic activity against SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro. In this study, we have developed an inhalable dry powder containing a combination of remdesivir and disulfiram utilizing the spray-drying technique, with the final goal of delivering this drug combination to the respiratory tract. The prepared dry powders were spherical, and crystalline. The particle size was between 1 and 5 μm indicating their suitability for inhalation. The spray-dried combinational dry powder containing remdesivir and disulfiram (RDSD) showed a higher emitted dose (ED) of >88% than single dry powder of remdesivir (RSD) (∼72%) and disulfiram (DSD) (∼84%), with a fine particle fraction (FPF) of ∼55%. Addition of L-leucine to RDSD showed >60% FPF with a similar ED. The in vitro aerosolization was not significantly affected after the stability study conducted at different humidity conditions. Interestingly, the single (RSD and DSD) and combined (RDSD) spray-dried powders showed limited cellular toxicity (CC50 values from 39.4 to >100 µM), while maintaining their anti-SARS-CoV-2 in vitro (EC50 values from 4.43 to 6.63 µM). In a summary, a combinational dry powder formulation containing remdesivir and disulfiram suitable for inhalation was developed by spray-drying technique which showed high cell viability in the respiratory cell line (Calu-3 cells) retaining their anti-SARS-CoV-2 property. In the future, in vivo studies will test the ability of these formulations to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 which is essential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Saha
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shubhra Sinha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rhodri Harfoot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Miguel E Quiñones-Mateu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shyamal C Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
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25
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Pan HW, Guo J, Zhu L, Leung SWS, Zhang C, Lam JKW. Enhanced powder dispersion of dual-excipient spray-dried powder formulations of a monoclonal antibody and its fragment for local treatment of severe asthma. Int J Pharm 2023; 644:123272. [PMID: 37499774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The advent of biologics has brought renewed hope for patients with severe asthma, a condition notorious for being hampered by poor response to conventional therapies and adverse drug reactions owing to corticosteroid dependence. However, biologics are administered as injections, thereby precluding the benefits inhalation therapy could offer such as increased bioavailability at the site of action, minimal systemic side effects, non-invasiveness, and self-administration. Here, 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin and ʟ-leucine were co-spray-dried, as protein stabiliser and dispersion enhancer, respectively, at various weight ratios to produce a series of formulation platforms. Powder aerosolisation characteristics and particle morphology were assessed for suitability for pulmonary delivery. The selected platform with the best aerosol performance, a 1:1 ratio of the excipients, was then incorporated with a monoclonal antibody directed against IL-4 receptor alpha or its antigen-binding fragment. The dual-excipient antibody formulations exhibited emitted fraction of at least 80% and fine particle fraction exceeding 60% in cascade impactor study, while the residual moisture content was within a desirable range between 1% and 3%. The in vitro antigen-binding ability and inhibitory potency of the spray-dried antibody were satisfactorily preserved. The results from this study corroborate the viability of inhaled solid-state biomacromolecules as a promising treatment approach for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lingqiao Zhu
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Susan W S Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chenghai Zhang
- R&D Department, Shanghai MabGeek Biotech Co. Ltd., Room 304, No. 1011 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jenny K W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
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26
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Yeshwante SB, Hanafin P, Miller BK, Rank L, Murcia S, Xander C, Annis A, Baxter VK, Anderson EJ, Jermain B, Konicki R, Schmalstig AA, Stewart I, Braunstein M, Hickey AJ, Rao GG. Pharmacokinetic Considerations for Optimizing Inhaled Spray-Dried Pyrazinoic Acid Formulations. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4491-4504. [PMID: 37590399 PMCID: PMC10868345 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a leading cause of death with 1.6 million deaths worldwide reported in 2021. Oral pyrazinamide (PZA) is an integral part of anti-TB regimens, but its prolonged use has the potential to drive the development of PZA-resistant Mtb. PZA is converted to the active moiety pyrazinoic acid (POA) by the Mtb pyrazinamidase encoded by pncA, and mutations in pncA are associated with the majority of PZA resistance. Conventional oral and parenteral therapies may result in subtherapeutic exposure in the lung; hence, direct pulmonary administration of POA may provide an approach to rescue PZA efficacy for treating pncA-mutant PZA-resistant Mtb. The objectives of the current study were to (i) develop novel dry powder POA formulations, (ii) assess their feasibility for pulmonary delivery using physicochemical characterization, (iii) evaluate their pharmacokinetics (PK) in the guinea pig model, and (iv) develop a mechanism-based pharmacokinetic model (MBM) using in vivo PK data to select a formulation providing adequate exposure in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and lung tissue. We developed three POA formulations for pulmonary delivery and characterized their PK in plasma, ELF, and lung tissue following passive inhalation in guinea pigs. Additionally, the PK of POA following oral, intravenous, and intratracheal administration was characterized in guinea pigs. The MBM was used to simultaneously model PK data following administration of POA and its formulations via the different routes. The MBM described POA PK well in plasma, ELF, and lung tissue. Physicochemical analyses and MBM predictions suggested that POA maltodextrin was the best among the three formulations and an excellent candidate for further development as it has: (i) the highest ELF-to-plasma exposure ratio (203) and lung tissue-to-plasma exposure ratio (30.4) compared with POA maltodextrin and leucine (75.7/16.2) and POA leucine salt (64.2/19.3) and (ii) the highest concentration in ELF (CmaxELF: 171 nM) within 15.5 min, correlating with a fast transfer into ELF after pulmonary administration (KPM: 22.6 1/h). The data from the guinea pig allowed scaling, using the MBM to a human dose of POA maltodextrin powder demonstrating the potential feasibility of an inhaled product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekhar B Yeshwante
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Patrick Hanafin
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Brittany K Miller
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Laura Rank
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sebastian Murcia
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christian Xander
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ayano Annis
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Victoria K Baxter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Anderson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Brian Jermain
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robyn Konicki
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alan A Schmalstig
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ian Stewart
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Miriam Braunstein
- Department of Microbiology, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anthony J Hickey
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Gauri G Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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27
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Saha T, Sinha S, Harfoot R, Quiñones-Mateu ME, Das SC. Spray-Dried Inhalable Microparticles Combining Remdesivir and Ebselen against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2229. [PMID: 37765198 PMCID: PMC10535576 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a continuous effort to develop efficient treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other viral respiratory diseases. Among the different strategies, inhaled treatment is considered one of the most logical and efficient approaches to treating COVID-19, as the causative "SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA" predominantly infects the respiratory tract. COVID-19 treatments initially relied on repurposed drugs, with a few additional strategies developed during the last two years, and all of them are based on monotherapy. However, drug combinations have been found to be more effective than monotherapy in other viral diseases such as HIV, influenza, and hepatitis C virus. In the case of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in vitro studies have shown synergistic antiviral activity combining remdesivir with ebselen, an organoselenium compound. Therefore, these drug combinations could ensure better therapeutic outcomes than the individual agents. In this study, we developed a dry powder formulation containing remdesivir and ebselen using a spray-drying technique and used L-leucine as an aerosolization enhancer. The prepared dry powders were spherical and crystalline, with a mean particle size between 1 and 3 µm, indicating their suitability for inhalation. The emitted dose (ED) and fine particle fraction (FPF) of remdesivir- and ebselen-containing dry powders were ~80% and ~57% when prepared without L-leucine. The ED as well as the FPF significantly increased with values of >86% and >67%, respectively, when L-leucine was incorporated. More importantly, the single and combinational dry powder of remdesivir and ebselen showed minimal cytotoxicity (CC50 > 100 μM) in Calu-3 cells, retaining their anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties (EC50 2.77 to 18.64 μM). In summary, we developed an inhalable dry powder combination of remdesivir and ebselen using a spray-drying technique. The spray-dried inhalable microparticles retained their limited cytotoxicity and specific antiviral properties. Future in vivo studies are needed to verify the potential use of these remdesivir/ebselen combinational spray-dried inhalable microparticles to block the SARS-CoV-2 replication in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Saha
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Shubhra Sinha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (S.S.); (R.H.); (M.E.Q.-M.)
| | - Rhodri Harfoot
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (S.S.); (R.H.); (M.E.Q.-M.)
| | - Miguel E. Quiñones-Mateu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; (S.S.); (R.H.); (M.E.Q.-M.)
| | - Shyamal C. Das
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
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28
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Hibbard T, Mitchell H, Kim Y, Shankland K, Al-Obaidi H. Spray Dried Progesterone Formulations for Carrier Free Dry Powder Inhalation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023:S0939-6411(23)00171-6. [PMID: 37392870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Low oral absorption and extensive first pass metabolism of progesterone is reported for many oral formulations which warrants investigation into other routes of administration. It is the aim of this study to investigate the generation of inhaled formulations of progesterone though a spray drying approach with a focus on how spray drying impacts the physicochemical properties of progesterone. Formulations of progesterone with L-leucine and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) are reported to this aim. X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy and thermal analysis were used to characterise these formulations and confirmed that progesterone crystallises as the Form II polymorph during spray drying regardless of the solvent used. The resultant formulations showed higher aqueous solubility than progesterone Form I starting material and the addition of HPMCAS was shown to temporarily enable a supersaturated state. Thermal analysis was used to show that the Form II polymorph was sensitive to transformation to Form I during heating. The addition of L-leucine to the formulations reduced the temperature for the polymorphic transformation by ∼10 °C. However, when HPMCAS was added to the formulation, the Form II polymorph was prevented from transforming to the Form I polymorph. Cascade impaction was used to determine the aerosol performance of the spray dried powders and showed promising lung deposition profiles (mass median aerodynamic diameter 5 µm) with significant variation depending on the organic solvent used and the ratio of organic to aqueous phase in the feedstock. However, further optimisation of formulations was required to direct more progesterone into the alveolar regions. The addition of HPMCAS was seen to increase the alveolar deposition and therefore formed a formulation with a lower fine particle fraction and mass median aerodynamic diameter. The most suitable formulation for inhalation was formed from a 50:50 acetone:water destockck and showed an ED, FPF and FPD of 81.7%, 44.5% and 7.3 mg respectively. Therefore, HPMCAS is suggested as a suitable excipient to increase solubility, prevent polymorphic transformation and improve inhalation properties of spray dried progesterone formulations. This study highlights the use of spray drying to form inhalable progesterone powders with higher solubility which may broaden the application of this medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hibbard
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Hannah Mitchell
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Yoonha Kim
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | | | - Hisham Al-Obaidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK.
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29
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Alhajj N, O'Reilly NJ, Cathcart H. Quality by Design - Spray drying of Ciprofloxacin-Quercetin Fixed-Dose Combination Intended for Inhalation. Int J Pharm 2023:123151. [PMID: 37364778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Spray drying is a well-suited technique for producing fixed-dose drug combinations. There has been a growing interest in utilizing spray drying to engineer carrier-free inhalable drug particles. The aim of this study was to understand and optimise the spray drying process of a ciprofloxacin-quercetin fixed dose combination intended for pulmonary administration. A 24-1 fractional factorial design and multivariate data analysis was used to identify important process parameters and investigate correlations with particle characteristics. The independent variables were solute concentration along with the processing parameters: solution flow rate, atomizing air flow rate and inlet temperature. The dependent variables included particle size distribution, yield and residual moisture content (RMC). Correlations between dependent and independent variables were further investigated via principal component analysis. Overall, solution flow rate, atomizing air flow rate and inlet temperature were found to affect the particle size D(v,50) and D(v,90) while the solute concentration and the atomizing air flow rate mainly affected the span. The inlet temperature was the most important parameter affecting the RMC and the yield. The formulation with optimized independent variables had a D(v,50) and span values of 2.42 µm and 1.81 with excellent process yield > 70% and low RMC i.e. 3.4%. The optimized formulation was further investigated for its in vitro aerosolization performance using next generation impactor (NGI); it exhibited high emitted dose (ED > 80%) and fine particle fractions (FPF > 70%) for both drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Alhajj
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland.
| | - Niall J O'Reilly
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland; SSPC - The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Ireland
| | - Helen Cathcart
- Pharmaceutical and Molecular Biotechnology Research Centre (PMBRC), South East Technological University (SETU), Main Campus, Cork Road, Waterford X91 K0EK, Ireland
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30
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Ahmed S, Mansour M, Ishak RAH, Mortada ND. Customizable Resveratrol Spray-dried Micro-composites for Inhalation as a Promising Contender for Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Int J Pharm 2023:123117. [PMID: 37315636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed tremendous expansion in utilization of plant-derived medicines as resveratrol (RES) in treating several diseases like idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). RES can exhibit its role in treating IPF via its outstanding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The goal of this work was to formulate RES-loaded spray-dried composite microparticles (SDCMs) suitable for pulmonary delivery via dry powder inhaler (DPI). They were prepared by spray drying of a previously prepared RES-loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) dispersion using different carriers. RES-loaded BSA NPs, prepared by the desolvation technique, acquired suitable particle size of 177.67±0.95 nm and entrapment efficiency of 98.7±0.35% with perfectly uniform size distribution and high stability. Considering the attributes of the pulmonary route, NPs were co-spray dried with compatible carriers viz. mannitol, dextran, trehalose, leucine, glycine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid to fabricate SDCMs. All formulations showed suitable mass median aerodynamic diameter less than 5 µm; that is suitable for deep lung deposition. However, the best aerosolization behavior was attained from using leucine with fine particle fraction (FPF) of 75.74%, followed by glycine with FPF of 54.7%. Finally, a pharmacodynamic study was conducted on bleomycin-induced mice, and it strongly revealed the role of the optimized formulations in alleviating PF through suppressing the levels of hydroxyproline, tumor necrosis factor-α and matrix metalloproteinase-9 with obvious improvements in the treated lung histopathology. These findings indicate that in addition to leucine, the glycine amino acid, which is not commonly used yet, is very promising in the formulation of DPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postal Code 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postal Code 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A H Ishak
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postal Code 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nahed D Mortada
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postal Code 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Li HY, Xu EY. Dual functional pullulan-based spray-dried microparticles for controlled pulmonary drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2023; 641:123057. [PMID: 37207859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two main challenges are associated with current spray-dried microparticles for inhalation, including the enhancement of aerosolization performance of microparticles and the creation of sustained drug release for continuous treatment on-site. For achieving these purposes, pullulan was explored as a novel excipient to prepare spray-dried inhalable microparticles (with salbutamol sulphate, SS, as a model drug), which were further modified by additives of leucine (Leu), ammonium bicarbonate (AB), ethanol and acetone. It was demonstrated that all pullulan-based spray-dried microparticles had improved flowability and enhanced aerosolization behavior, with the fine particle (<4.46µm) fraction of 42.0-68.7% w/w, much higher than 11.4% w/w of lactose-SS. Moreover, all modified microparticles showed augmented emitted fractions of 88.0-96.9% w/w, over 86.5% w/w of pullulan-SS. The pullulan-Leu-SS and pullulan-(AB)-SS microparticles demonstrated further increased fine particle (<1.66µm) doses of 54.7µg and 53.3µg respectively, surpassing that (49.6µg) of pullulan-SS, suggesting an additionally increased drug deposition in the deep lungs. Furthermore, pullulan-based microparticles revealed sustained drug release profiles with elongated time (60mins) over the control (2mins). Clearly, pullulan has a great potential to construct dual functional microparticles for inhalation with improved pulmonary delivery efficiency and sustained drug release on-site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ying Li
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, London SE1 9NN.
| | - En-Yu Xu
- Department of Forensic Toxicological Analysis, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shen-Yang, Liao-Ning, 110122, China
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32
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Maloney SE, Stewart IE, Podell BK, Gary HE, Mecham JB, Berube BJ, Baldwin SL, Coler RN, Hickey AJ. Preparation Strategies of the Anti-Mycobacterial Drug Bedaquiline for Intrapulmonary Routes of Administration. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050729. [PMID: 37242512 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) has infected one-quarter of the world's population and led to the deaths of 1.6 million individuals in 2021 according to estimates from the World Health Organization. The rise in prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant M.tb strains coupled with insufficient therapies to treat such strains has motivated the development of more effective treatments and/or delivery modalities. Bedaquiline, a diarylquinoline antimycobacterial agent, effectively targets mycobacterial ATP synthase but may lead to systemic complications upon oral delivery. Targeted delivery of bedaquiline to the lungs represents an alternative strategy to harness the sterilizing benefits of the drug against M.tb while mitigating off-target side effects. Two pulmonary delivery modalities were developed herein, including dry powder inhalation and liquid instillation. Despite bedaquiline's poor water solubility, spray drying was performed in predominantly aqueous conditions (≥80%) to avoid a closed-loop, inert system. Aerosols of spray-dried bedaquiline with L-leucine excipient outperformed spray-dried bedaquiline alone, demonstrating superior fine particle fraction metrics (~89% of the emitted dose below <5 µm), suitable for inhalation therapies. Furthermore, the use of a 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin excipient allowed a molecular dispersion of bedaquiline in an aqueous solution for liquid instillation. Both delivery modalities were successfully administered to Hartley guinea pigs for pharmacokinetic analysis and were well-tolerated by the animals. Intrapulmonary liquid delivery of bedaquiline led to adequate serum absorption and appropriate peak serum concentrations of the drug. The liquid formulation was superior in systemic uptake compared to the powder formulation. The predominant route via which M.tb bacilli enter the body is aerosol droplets that are deposited onto airway surfaces. For this reason, we believe that further studies should focus on inhalation or intrapulmonary therapies that target the site of entry and primary site of infection for M.tb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E Maloney
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Ian E Stewart
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Brendan K Podell
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Hadley E Gary
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Mecham
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Bryan J Berube
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Susan L Baldwin
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Rhea N Coler
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Anthony J Hickey
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Suhaidi D, Dong YD, Wynne P, Hapgood KP, Morton DAV. Bulk Flow Optimisation of Amorphous Solid Dispersion Excipient Powders through Surface Modification. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051447. [PMID: 37242689 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) have been recognised for their potential to enhance the performance of various solid dose forms, especially oral bioavailability and macromolecule stability. However, the inherent nature of spray-dried ASDs leads to their surface cohesion/adhesion, including hygroscopicity, which hinders their bulk flow and affects their utility and viability in terms of powder production, processing, and function. This study explores the effectiveness of L-leucine (L-leu) coprocessing in modifying the particle surface of ASD-forming materials. Various contrasting prototype coprocessed ASD excipients from both the food and pharmaceutical industries were examined for their effective coformulation with L-leu. The model/prototype materials included maltodextrin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K10 and K90), trehalose, gum arabic, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E5LV and K100M). The spray-drying conditions were set such that the particle size difference was minimised, so that it did not play a substantial role in influencing powder cohesion. Scanning electron microscopy was used to evaluate the morphology of each formulation. A combination of previously reported morphological progression typical of L-leu surface modification and previously unreported physical characteristics was observed. The bulk characteristics of these powders were assessed using a powder rheometer to evaluate their flowability under confined and unconfined stresses, flow rate sensitivities, and compactability. The data showed a general improvement in maltodextrin, PVP K10, trehalose and gum arabic flowability measures as L-leu concentrations increased. In contrast, PVP K90 and HPMC formulations experienced unique challenges that provided insight into the mechanistic behaviour of L-leu. Therefore, this study recommends further investigations into the interplay between L-leu and the physico-chemical properties of coformulated excipients in future amorphous powder design. This also revealed the need to enhance bulk characterisation tools to unpack the multifactorial impact of L-leu surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Suhaidi
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Yao-Da Dong
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Paul Wynne
- Medicines Manufacturing Innovation Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Karen P Hapgood
- School of Engineering, Swinburne University, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - David A V Morton
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
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Yeshwante SB, Hanafin P, Miller BK, Rank L, Murcia S, Xander C, Annis A, Baxter VK, Anderson EJ, Jermain B, Konicki R, Schmalstig AA, Stewart I, Braunstein M, Hickey AJ, Rao GG. Pharmacokinetic considerations for optimizing inhaled spray-dried pyrazinoic acid formulations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.01.534965. [PMID: 37066292 PMCID: PMC10103941 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.01.534965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), remains a leading cause of death with 1.6 million deaths worldwide reported in 2021. Oral pyrazinamide (PZA) is an integral part of anti-TB regimens, but its prolonged use has the potential to drive development of PZA resistant Mtb . PZA is converted to the active moiety pyrazinoic acid (POA) by the Mtb pyrazinamidase encoded by pncA , and mutations in pncA are associated with the majority of PZA resistance. Conventional oral and parenteral therapies may result in subtherapeutic exposure in the lung, hence direct pulmonary administration of POA may provide an approach to rescue PZA efficacy for treating pncA- mutant PZA-resistant Mtb . The objectives of the current study were to i) develop novel dry powder POA formulations ii) assess their feasibility for pulmonary delivery using physicochemical characterization, iii) evaluate their pharmacokinetics (PK) in the guinea pig model and iv) develop a mechanism based pharmacokinetic model (MBM) using in vivo PK data to select a formulation providing adequate exposure in epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and lung tissue. We developed three POA formulations for pulmonary delivery and characterized their PK in plasma, ELF, and lung tissue following passive inhalation in guinea pigs. Additionally, the PK of POA following oral, intravenous and intratracheal administration was characterized in guinea pigs. The MBM was used to simultaneously model PK data following administration of POA and its formulations via the different routes. The MBM described POA PK well in plasma, ELF and lung tissue. Physicochemical analyses and MBM predictions suggested that POA maltodextrin was the best among the three formulations and an excellent candidate for further development as it has: (i) the highest ELF-to-plasma exposure ratio (203) and lung tissue-to-plasma exposure ratio (30.4) compared with POA maltodextrin and leucine (75.7/16.2) and POA leucine salt (64.2/19.3); (ii) the highest concentration in ELF ( Cmac ELF : 171 nM) within 15.5 minutes, correlating with a fast transfer into ELF after pulmonary administration ( k PM : 22.6 1/h). The data from the guinea pig allowed scaling, using the MBM to a human dose of POA maltodextrin powder demonstrating the potential feasibility of an inhaled product. Table of Contents TOC/Abstract Graphic
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35
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Wang Y, Khanal D, Alreja AB, Yang H, Yk Chang R, Tai W, Li M, Nelson DC, Britton WJ, Chan HK. Bacteriophage endolysin powders for inhaled delivery against pulmonary infections. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122679. [PMID: 36738804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Endolysins are bacteriophage-encoded enzymatic proteins that have great potential to treat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Bacteriophage endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 have shown promising antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia in humans. This is the first study to investigate the feasibility of spray-dried endolysins Cpl-1 and ClyJ-3 with excipients to produce inhalable powders. The two endolysins were individually tested with leucine and sugar (lactose or trehalose) for spray drying method followed by characterization of biological and physico-chemical properties. A complete loss of ClyJ-3 bioactivity was observed after atomization of the liquid feed solution(before the drying process), while Cpl-1 maintained its bioactivity in the spray-dried powders. Cpl-1 formulations containing leucine with lactose or trehalose showed promising physico-chemical properties (particle size, crystallinity, hygroscopicity, etc.) and aerosol performances (fine particle fraction values above 65%). The results indicated that endolysin Cpl-1 can be formulated as spray dried powders suitable for inhaled delivery to the lungs for the potential treatment of pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuncheng Wang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dipesh Khanal
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adit B Alreja
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Hang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rachel Yk Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Waiting Tai
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mengyu Li
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel C Nelson
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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36
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Spray freeze dried niclosamide nanocrystals embedded dry powder for high dose pulmonary delivery. POWDER TECHNOL 2023; 415:118168. [PMID: 36533138 PMCID: PMC9746026 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.118168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Based on the drug repositioning strategy, niclosamide (NCL) has shown potential applications for treating COVID-19. However, the development of new formulations for effective NCL delivery is still challenging. Herein, NCL-embedded dry powder for inhalation (NeDPI) was fabricated by a novel spray freeze drying technology. The addition of Tween-80 together with 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine showed the synergistic effects on improving both the dispersibility of primary NCL nanocrystals suspended in the feed liquid and the spherical structure integrity of the spray freeze dried (SFD) microparticle. The SFD microparticle size, morphology, crystal properties, flowability and aerosol performance were systematically investigated by regulating the feed liquid composition and freezing temperature. The addition of leucine as the aerosol enhancer promoted the microparticle sphericity with greatly improved flowability. The optimal sample (SF- 80D-N20L2D2T1) showed the highest fine particle fraction of ∼47.83%, equivalently over 3.8 mg NCL that could reach the deep lung when inhaling 10 mg dry powders.
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Ordoubadi M, Shepard KB, Wang H, Wang Z, Pluntze AM, Churchman JP, Vehring R. On the Physical Stability of Leucine-Containing Spray-Dried Powders for Respiratory Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020435. [PMID: 36839756 PMCID: PMC9967520 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Carrier-free spray-dried dispersions for pulmonary delivery, for which the demand is growing, frequently require the incorporation of dispersibility-enhancing excipients into the formulations to improve the efficacy of the dosage form. One of the most promising of such excipients, L-leucine, is expected to be approved for inhalation soon and has been studied exhaustively. However, during stability, small fibers protruding from the particles of leucine-containing powders have occasionally been observed. To clarify the origin of these fibers and assess their potential influence on the performance of the powders, three different classes of spray-dried leucine-containing formulation systems were studied over an 8-month accelerated stability program. These systems consisted of a large molecule biologic (bevacizumab) in conjunction with a glass former (trehalose), an amorphous small-molecular mass active (moxidectin), and a crystallizing active (mannitol). It was determined that the appearance of the fibers was due to the presence of small quantities of leucine in higher energy states, either because these were amorphous or present as a less stable crystalline polymorph. It was further shown that the growth of these leucine fibers caused no significant physicochemical instability in the powders. Nor, more importantly, did it decrease their aerosol performance in a dry powder inhaler or reduce the concentration of their active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | | | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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Development of spray-dried N-acetylcysteine dry powder for inhalation. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122550. [PMID: 36577481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has both antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities and has been used as adjuvant therapy in several viral infections. Recently, NAC attracted attention for its possible role in reducing the affinity of the spike protein receptor binding domain to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptors. Since only NAC solutions are available for inhalation, the purpose of the work was to develop a NAC dry powder for inhalation using mannitol or leucine as excipient. The powder was successfully produced using co-spray-drying with leucine. ATR-FTIR analyses evidenced spectral variations ascribed to the formation of specific interactions between NAC and leucine. This effect on the NAC environment was not evident for NAC-mannitol powders, but mannitol was in a different polymorphic form compared to the supplied material. Both the feedstock concentration and the leucine content have an impact on the powder aerodynamic features. In particular, to maximize the respirable fraction, it is preferable to produce the powder starting from a 0.5 % w/v feedstock solution using 33 to 50 % w/w leucine content. The NAC-leucine powder was stable for ten months maintaining NAC content of 50 % (w/w) and about 200 μg of NAC was able to deposit on a transwell insert, useful for future in vitro studies.
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Xiroudaki S, Sabbatini S, Pecoraro C, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Wauthoz N, Antognelli C, Monari C, Giovagnoli S, Schoubben A. Development of a new indole derivative dry powder for inhalation for the treatment of biofilm-associated lung infections. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122492. [PMID: 36528190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to produce an inhalable dry powder formulation of a new anti-biofilm compound (SC38). For this purpose, chitosan was used as a polymeric carrier and l-leucine as a dispersibility enhancer. SC38 was entrapped by spray-drying into previously optimized chitosan microparticles. The final formulation was fully characterized in vitro in terms of particle morphology, particle size and distribution, flowability, aerodynamic properties, anti-biofilm activity and effects on lung cell viability. The SC38-loaded chitosan microparticles exhibited favorable aerodynamic properties with emitted and respirable fractions higher than 80 % and 45 % respectively. The optimized formulation successfully inhibited biofilm formation at microparticle concentrations starting from 20 μg/mL for methicillin-sensitive and 100 μg/mL for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and showed a relatively safe profile in lung cells after 72 h exposure. Future in vivo tolerability and efficacy studies are needed to unravel the potential of this novel formulation for the treatment of difficult-to-treat biofilm-mediated lung infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Styliani Xiroudaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Samuele Sabbatini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Microbiology Section, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, Campus Plaine, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Cinzia Antognelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Biosciences and Medical Embryology Section, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Claudia Monari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Microbiology Section, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Aurélie Schoubben
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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40
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Correlation of brittle matrix powder properties to aerodynamic performance of inhaled nintedanib made by thin-film freezing. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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41
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Akdag Y. Nanoparticle-containing lyophilized dry powder inhaler formulations optimized using central composite design with improved aerodynamic parameters and redispersibility. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:124-137. [PMID: 36602194 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2166066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to improve the aerodynamic behavior and redispersibility of a lyophilized dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulation containing nanoparticles.Methods: Paclitaxel (PTX)-human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles were used as a model, and DPIs containing the nanoparticles were produced by lyophilization using different carriers and carrier ratios. A central composite design was employed to optimize the formulation. L-leucine and mannitol were chosen as independent variables, and mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), emitted fraction, fine particle fraction (FPF), nanoparticle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential were selected as dependent variables.Results: The water content of DPIs was less than 5% for all DPIs. The cytotoxicity of the DPIs, determined using A549 cells, was due to PTX alone. Particle sizes of 204.3 ± 1.65 nm and 94.3-1353.0 nm were obtained before and after lyophilization, respectively. The developed method resulted in a reduction in the MMAD from 8.148 µm to 5.274 µm, an increase in the FPF from 17.63% to 33.60%, and an increase in the emitted fraction from 77.68% to 97.03%. The physico-chemical characteristics of the optimized formulation were also assessed.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrates that lyophilization can be used to produce nanoparticle-containing DPI formulations with improved redispersibility and aerodynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagmur Akdag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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42
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Kang JH, Yang MS, Kim DW, Park CW. In vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of co-spray-dried inhalable pirfenidone microparticles in rats. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3384-3396. [DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2149899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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Pacławski A, Politis S, Balafas E, Mina E, Papakyriakopoulou P, Christodoulou E, Kostomitsopoulos N, Rekkas DM, Valsami G, Giovagnoli S. Development and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Acetylsalicylic Acid Dry Powder for Pulmonary Administration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122819. [PMID: 36559312 PMCID: PMC9786194 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin is an historic blockbuster product, and it has been proposed in a wide range of formulas. Due to exacerbation risks, the pulmonary route has been seldom considered as an alternative to conventional treatments. Only recently, owing to overt advantages, inhalable acetylsalicylic acid dry powders (ASA DPI) began to be considered as an option. In this work, we developed a novel highly performing inhalable ASA DPI using a nano spray-drying technique and leucine as an excipient and evaluated its pharmacokinetics compared with oral administration. The formulation obtained showed remarkable respirability and quality features. Serum and lung ASA DPI profiles showed faster presentation in blood and higher retention compared with oral administration. The dry powder was superior to the DPI suspension. The relative bioavailability in serum and lungs claimed superiority of ASA DPI over oral administration, notwithstanding a fourfold lower pulmonary dose. The obtained ASA DPI formulation shows promising features for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious lung pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Pacławski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Stavros Politis
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Balafas
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterini Mina
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Papakyriakopoulou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Christodoulou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios M. Rekkas
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (D.M.R.); (S.G.); Tel.: +39-075-5585162 (S.G.)
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.M.R.); (S.G.); Tel.: +39-075-5585162 (S.G.)
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44
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Zhu M, Zhang D, Zhang L, Zhao L, Xu L, Wang B, Zhang X, Chen J, Bei Z, Wang H, Zhou D, Yang W, Song Y. Spray-Dried Inhalable Powder Formulations of Gentamicin Designed for Pneumonic Plague Therapy in a Mouse Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122646. [PMID: 36559140 PMCID: PMC9782578 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis) may cause pneumonic plague, which is inevitably fatal without treatment. Gentamicin (GM), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a drug commonly used in the treatment of plague. However, it requires repeated intramuscular or intravenous administration. Pulmonary drug delivery is noninvasive, with the advantages of local targeting and reduced risk of systemic toxicity. In this study, GM powders were prepared using spray-drying technology. The powders displayed good physical and chemical properties and met the requirements for human pulmonary inhalation. The formulation of the powders was optimized using a 32 full factorial design. A formulation of 15% (w/w) of L-leucine was prepared, and the spray-drying process parameters using an inlet temperature of 120°C and a 15% pump rate were determined to produce the best powder. In addition, the optimized GM spray-dried powders were characterized in terms of morphology, crystallinity, powder fluidity, and aerodynamic particle size distribution analysis. In a mouse model of pneumonic plague, we compared the therapeutic effects among three administration routes, including subcutaneous injection, liquid atomization, and dry powder atomization. In conclusion, our data suggest that inhalation therapy with GM spray-dried powders is an effective treatment for pneumonic plague.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghuan Zhu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dongna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Liangliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Likun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Baogang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jinwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhuchun Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yabin Song
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Y.S.)
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45
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Encapsulation of Bromelain in Combined Sodium Alginate and Amino Acid Carriers: Experimental Design of Simplex-Centroid Mixtures for Digestibility Evaluation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196364. [PMID: 36234901 PMCID: PMC9570880 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromelain has potential as an analgesic, an anti-inflammatory, and in cancer treatments. Despite its therapeutic effects, this protein undergoes denaturation when administered orally. Microencapsulation processes have shown potential in protein protection and as controlled release systems. Thus, this paper aimed to develop encapsulating systems using sodium alginate as a carrier material and positively charged amino acids as stabilizing agents for the controlled release of bromelain in in vitro tests. The systems were produced from the experimental design of centroid simplex mixtures. Characterizations were performed by FTIR showing that bromelain was encapsulated in all systems. XRD analyses showed that the systems are semi-crystalline solids and through SEM analysis the morphology of the formed systems followed a pattern of rough microparticles. The application of statistical analysis showed that the systems presented behavior that can be evaluated by quadratic and special cubic models, with a p-value < 0.05. The interaction between amino acids and bromelain/alginate was evaluated, and free bromelain showed a reduction of 74.0% in protein content and 23.6% in enzymatic activity at the end of gastric digestion. Furthermore, a reduction of 91.6% of protein content and 65.9% of enzymatic activity was observed at the end of intestinal digestion. The Lis system showed better interaction due to the increased stability of bromelain in terms of the amount of proteins (above 63% until the end of the intestinal phase) and the enzymatic activity of 89.3%. Thus, this study proposes the development of pH-controlled release systems aiming at increasing the stability and bioavailability of bromelain in intestinal systems.
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46
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Ullah F, Shah KU, Shah SU, Nawaz A, Nawaz T, Khan KA, Alserihi RF, Tayeb HH, Tabrez S, Alfatama M. Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Chitosan Nanoparticles Physically Admixed with Lactose Microspheres for Pulmonary Delivery of Montelukast. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173564. [PMID: 36080637 PMCID: PMC9460706 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesise montelukast-loaded polymeric nanoparticles via the ionic gelation method using chitosan as a natural polymer and tripolyphosphate as a crosslinking agent. Tween 80, hyaluronic acid and leucine were added to modify the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, reduce the nanoparticles’ uptake by alveolar macrophages and improve powder aerosolisation, respectively. The nanoparticles ranged from 220 nm to 383 nm with a polydispersity index of ≤0.50. The zeta potential of nanoparticles ranged from 11 mV to 22 mV, with a drug association efficiency of 46–86%. The simple chitosan nanoparticles (F2) were more spherical in comparison to other formulations (F4–F6), while the roughness of hyaluronic acid (F5) and leucine (F6) added formulations was significantly high er than F2 and Tween 80 added formulation (F4). The DSC and FTIR analysis depict that the physical and chemical properties of the drug were preserved. The release of the drugs from nanoparticles was more sustained in the case of F5 and F6 when compared to F2 and F4 due to the additional coating of hyaluronic acid and leucine. The nanoparticles were amorphous and cohesive and prone to exhalation due to their small size. Therefore, nanoparticles were admixed with lactose microspheres to reduce particle agglomeration and improve powder dispersion from a dry powder inhaler (DPI). The DPI formulations achieved a dispersed fraction of 75 to 90%, a mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1–2 µm and a fine particle fraction (FPF) of 28–83% when evaluated using the Anderson cascade impactor from Handihaler®. Overall, the montelukast-loaded nanoparticles physically admixed with lactose microspheres achieved optimum deposition in the deep lung for potential application in asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqir Ullah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Asif Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Touseef Nawaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Kamran Ahmad Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan
| | - Raed F. Alserihi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossam H. Tayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Nanomedicine Unit, Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shams Tabrez
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mulham Alfatama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (K.U.S.); (A.N.); (M.A.)
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47
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Owen MJ, Celik U, Chaudhary SK, Yik JHN, Patton JS, Kuo MC, Haudenschild DR, Liu GY. Production of Inhalable Ultra-Small Particles for Delivery of Anti-Inflammation Medicine via a Table-Top Microdevice. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1382. [PMID: 36144005 PMCID: PMC9501338 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A table-top microdevice was introduced in this work to produce ultrasmall particles for drug delivery via inhalation. The design and operation are similar to that of spray-drying equipment used in industry, but the device itself is much smaller and more portable in size, simpler to operate and more economical. More importantly, the device enables more accurate control over particle size. Using Flavopiridol, an anti-inflammation medication, formulations have been developed to produce inhalable particles for pulmonary delivery. A solution containing the desired components forms droplets by passing through an array of micro-apertures that vibrate via a piezo-electrical driver. High-purity nitrogen gas was introduced and flew through the designed path, which included the funnel collection and cyclone chamber, and finally was pumped away. The gas carried and dried the micronized liquid droplets along the pathway, leading to the precipitation of dry solid microparticles. The formation of the cyclone was essential to assure the sufficient travel path length of the liquid droplets to allow drying. Synthesis parameters were optimized to produce microparticles, whose morphology, size, physio-chemical properties, and release profiles met the criteria for inhalation. Bioactivity assays have revealed a high degree of anti-inflammation. The above-mentioned approach enabled the production of inhalable particles in research laboratories in general, using the simple table-top microdevice. The microparticles enable the inhalable delivery of anti-inflammation medicine to the lungs, thus providing treatment for diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Owen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Umit Celik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | - Jasper H. N. Yik
- Tesio Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | | | | | - Dominik R. Haudenschild
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Gang-yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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48
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Wang H, Connaughton P, Lachacz K, Carrigy N, Ordoubadi M, Lechuga-Ballesteros D, Vehring R. Inhalable Microparticle Platform Based on a Novel Shell-Forming Lipid Excipient and its Feasibility for Respirable Delivery of Biologics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 177:308-322. [PMID: 35905804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Administration of biologics such as proteins, vaccines, and phages via the respiratory route is becoming increasingly popular. Inhalable powder formulations for the successful delivery of biologics must first ensure both powder dispersibility and physicochemical stability. A lipid-based inhalable microparticle platform combining the stability advantages offered by dry powder formulations and high dispersibility afforded by a rugose morphology was spray dried and tested. A new simplified spray drying method requiring no organic solvents or complicated feedstock preparation processes was introduced for the manufacture of the microparticles. Trehalose was selected to form the amorphous particle core, because of its well-known ability to stabilize biologics, and also because of its ability to serve as a surrogate for small molecule actives. Phospholipid distearoyl phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), the lipid component in this formulation, was used as a shell former to improve powder dispersibility. Effectiveness of the lipid excipient in modifying trehalose particle morphology and enhancing powder dispersibility was evaluated at different lipid mass fractions (5%, 10%, 25%, 50%) and compared with that of several previously published shell-forming excipients at their effective mass fractions, i.e., 5% trileucine, 20% leucine, and 40% pullulan. A strong dependence of particle morphology on the lipid mass fraction was observed. Particles transitioned from typical smooth spherical trehalose particles without lipid to highly rugose microparticles at higher lipid mass fractions (> 5%). In vitro aerosol performance testing demonstrated a significant improvement of powder dispersibility even at lipid mass fractions as low as 5%. Powder formulations with excellent aerosol performance comparable to those modified with leucine and trileucine were achieved at higher lipid mass fractions (> 25%). A model biologic-containing formulation with 35% myoglobin, 35% glass stabilizer (trehalose), and 30% lipid shell former was shown to produce highly rugose particle structure as designed and excellent aerosol performance for efficient pulmonary delivery. A short-term stability at 40 °C proved that this protein-containing formulation had good thermal stability as designed. The results demonstrated great potential for the new lipid microparticle as a platform for the delivery of both small-molecule APIs and large-molecule biologics to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patrick Connaughton
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kellisa Lachacz
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Carrigy
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mani Ordoubadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Lechuga-Ballesteros
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Reinhard Vehring
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
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Naz FF, Shah KU, Niazi ZR, Zaman M, Lim V, Alfatama M. Polymeric Microparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation for Pulmonary Delivery of Rifampicin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2491. [PMID: 35746067 PMCID: PMC9230634 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rifampicin, a potent broad-spectrum antibiotic, remains the backbone of anti-tubercular therapy. However, it can cause severe hepatotoxicity when given orally. To overcome the limitations of the current oral therapy, this study designed inhalable spray-dried, rifampicin-loaded microparticles using aloe vera powder as an immune modulator, with varying concentrations of alginate and L-leucine. The microparticles were assessed for their physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release and aerodynamic behavior. The spray-dried powders were 2 to 4 µm in size with a percentage yield of 45 to 65%. The particles were nearly spherical with the tendency of agglomeration as depicted from Carr’s index (37 to 65) and Hausner’s ratios (>1.50). The drug content ranged from 0.24 to 0.39 mg/mg, with an association efficiency of 39.28 to 96.15%. The dissolution data depicts that the in vitro release of rifampicin from microparticles was significantly retarded with a higher L-leucine concentration in comparison to those formulations containing a higher sodium alginate concentration due to its hydrophobic nature. The aerodynamic data depicts that 60 to 70% of the aerosol mass was emitted from an inhaler with MMAD values of 1.44 to 1.60 µm and FPF of 43.22 to 55.70%. The higher FPF values with retarded in vitro release could allow sufficient time for the phagocytosis of synthesized microparticles by alveolar macrophages, thereby leading to the eradication of M. tuberculosis from these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiqa Falak Naz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (F.F.N.); (K.U.S.); (Z.R.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Kifayat Ullah Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (F.F.N.); (K.U.S.); (Z.R.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zahid Rasul Niazi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (F.F.N.); (K.U.S.); (Z.R.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mansoor Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan; (F.F.N.); (K.U.S.); (Z.R.N.); (M.Z.)
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas 13200, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mulham Alfatama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
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50
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Wang X, Wan W, Lu J, Zhang Y, Quan G, Pan X, Wu Z, Liu P. Inhalable cryptotanshinone spray-dried swellable microparticles for pulmonary fibrosis therapy by regulating TGF-β1/Smad3, STAT3 and SIRT3 pathways. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 172:177-192. [PMID: 35202797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cryptotanshinone (CTS) is a promising therapeutic option for pulmonary fibrosis (PF). However, clinical applications of CTS are limited owing to high photosensitivity and poor oral bioavailability. Pulmonary drug delivery, especially sustained pulmonary drug delivery, is promising for local treatment of chronic lung diseases. In this study, CTS was encapsulated in an optimized chitosan/L-leucine-based swellable microparticles (SMs) system, which exhibited an appropriate aerosolization performance, sustained release and storage stability. SMs enhanced the in vitro anti-fibrosis efficacy of CTS as shown by the improved cellular uptake. The effect of PF status on in vivo fate of the pulmonary delivered drug was also assessed. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of oral and pulmonary delivery CTS in bleomycin-induced PF rats were compared. Pulmonary delivery exhibited high drug concentrations in pulmonary lesion areas, with reduced exposure to blood and non-targeted tissues after administration at a significantly lower dose compared with oral delivery. Moreover, PF pathological status enhanced activity of SMs, implying that pulmonary delivery was highly effective for PF treatment. Compared to oral delivery, Inhaled SMs showed comparable or even better efficacies at approximately 60-fold low dose compared with oral delivery. A sustained efficacy was observed under a prolonged administration interval (corresponding to half the total dose). Inhalation safety of SMs was established, and important mechanism-related signaling pathways against PF were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In summary, the findings showed that the developed CTS-loaded sustained pulmonary delivery system is a safe and effective strategy for chronic PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Wang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Wan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guilan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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