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Sahranavard M, Hosseinjani H, Emadzadeh M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effect of trehalose on mortality and disease severity in ICU-admitted patients: Protocol for a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2024; 40:101324. [PMID: 39021672 PMCID: PMC11252791 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Improvement in organ failure in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is accompanied by lower mortality rate. A disaccharide, trehalose is a candidate to improve organ failure and survival by autophagy induction and enhancing oxidative stress defense. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of trehalose in improving clinical outcome and reducing mortality in ICU patients. Methods a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two arm, parallel-group, superiority clinical trial will enroll 200 ICU-admitted patients at Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran. The patients will be randomly allocated to receive either a 100 ml solution of 15 % trehalose or normal saline intravenously. Primary outcomes include ICU mortality and 60-day mortality, while secondary outcomes focus on blood parameters on day 5 and length of hospital/ICU stay. Conclusion Trehalose has demonstrated beneficial effects in diverse patients; however, no study has evaluated its effect in all ICU-admitted patients. Consequently, this study provides an opportunity to investigate whether trehalose's anti-inflammatory effects, mediated by inducing autophagy and enhancing oxidative stress defense, can play a role in reducing mortality and improving clinical outcomes in the critically ill patients. If successful, trehalose could offer a potential therapeutic approach in the ICU setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Sahranavard
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hesamoddin Hosseinjani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Emadzadeh
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Ji C, Ma Y, Xie Y, Guo J, Ba H, Zhou Z, Zhao K, Yang M, He X, Zheng W. Isolation and purification of carbohydrate components in functional food: a review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23204-23214. [PMID: 39045398 PMCID: PMC11265275 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02748e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants, increasingly utilized in functional foods, possess potent therapeutic properties and health-promoting functions, with carbohydrates playing a crucial role and exhibiting a range of effects, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immune-enhancing, antibacterial, anticoagulant, and hypoglycemic activities. However, comprehensively, accurately, rapidly, and economically assessing the quality of carbohydrate components is challenging due to their diverse and complex nature. Additionally, the purification and identification of carbohydrates also guarantee related efficacy research. This paper offers a thorough review of research progress carried out by both domestic and international scholars in the last decade on extracting, purifying, separating, identifying, and determining the content of carbohydrate components from functional foods, which are mainly composed of medicinal plants, and also explores the potential for achieving comprehensive quantitative analysis and evaluating structure-activity relationships of carbohydrate components. These findings aim to serve as a valuable reference for the future development and application of natural carbohydrate components in functional food and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Ying Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Yuxin Xie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Junli Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Haoran Ba
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Kongxiang Zhao
- The Animal, Plant & Foodstuff Inspection Center of Tianjin Customs Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming Yunnan 650201 China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming Yunnan 650201 China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University Kunming Yunnan 650224 China
| | - Wenjie Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University Kunming Yunnan 650224 China
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Calvete-Torre I, Sabater C, Villamiel M, Margolles A, Méndez-Albiñana P, Ruiz L, Hernandez-Hernandez O. Exploring the modulatory effect of trehalose-derived galactooligosaccharides on key gut microbiota groups. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133053. [PMID: 38857723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Trehalose (α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-1)-α-D-glucopyranoside) has found applications in diverse food products as a sweetener, stabilizer, and humectant. Recent attention has focused on trehalose due to its contradictory effects on the virulence of Clostridium difficile. In this study, we investigate the impact of novel trehalose-derived galactooligosaccharides (Treh-GOS) on the human gut microbiota using in vitro fecal fermentation models. Distinct Treh-GOS structures elicit varying taxonomic responses. For instance, β-Gal-(1-4)-trehalose [DP3(1-4)] leads to an increase of Bifidobacterium, comparable to results observed with commercial GOS. Conversely, β-Gal-(1-6)-trehalose [DP3(1-6)] prompts an increase in Lactobacillus. Notably, both of these trisaccharides yield the highest concentrations of butyric acid across all samples. On the other hand, Treh-GOS tetrasaccharide mixture (DP4), featuring a novel trehalose galactosylation in both glucose units, fosters the growth of Parabacteroides. Our findings underscore the capacity of novel Treh-GOS to modulate the human gut microbiota. Consequently, these innovative galactooligosaccharides emerge as promising candidates for novel prebiotic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Calvete-Torre
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carlos Sabater
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Mar Villamiel
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) CEI (CSIC+UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Abelardo Margolles
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pablo Méndez-Albiñana
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM) CEI (CSIC+UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain; Functionality and Ecology of Beneficial Microbes (MicroHealth) Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
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Wang Y, He X, Cheng N, Huang K. Unveiling the Nutritional Veil of Sulforaphane: With a Major Focus on Glucose Homeostasis Modulation. Nutrients 2024; 16:1877. [PMID: 38931232 PMCID: PMC11206418 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glucose homeostasis is associated with metabolic syndromes including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity, highlighting the significance of maintaining a balanced glucose level for optimal biological function. This highlights the importance of maintaining normal glucose levels for proper biological functioning. Sulforaphane (SFN), the primary bioactive compound in broccoli from the Cruciferae or Brassicaceae family, has been shown to enhance glucose homeostasis effectively while exhibiting low cytotoxicity. This paper assesses the impact of SFN on glucose homeostasis in vitro, in vivo, and human trials, as well as the molecular mechanisms that drive its regulatory effects. New strategies have been proposed to enhance the bioavailability and targeted delivery of SFN in order to overcome inherent instability. The manuscript also covers the safety evaluations of SFN that have been documented for its production and utilization. Hence, a deeper understanding of the favorable influence and mechanism of SFN on glucose homeostasis, coupled with the fact that SFN is abundant in the human daily diet, may ultimately offer theoretical evidence to support its potential use in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.W.); (X.H.); (N.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China
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Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J 2024; 15:163-205. [PMID: 38841620 PMCID: PMC11148002 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite their subordination in humans, to a great extent, mitochondria maintain their independent status but tightly cooperate with the "host" on protecting the joint life quality and minimizing health risks. Under oxidative stress conditions, healthy mitochondria promptly increase mitophagy level to remove damaged "fellows" rejuvenating the mitochondrial population and sending fragments of mtDNA as SOS signals to all systems in the human body. As long as metabolic pathways are under systemic control and well-concerted together, adaptive mechanisms become triggered increasing systemic protection, activating antioxidant defense and repair machinery. Contextually, all attributes of mitochondrial patho-/physiology are instrumental for predictive medical approach and cost-effective treatments tailored to individualized patient profiles in primary (to protect vulnerable individuals again the health-to-disease transition) and secondary (to protect affected individuals again disease progression) care. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds demonstrating health-promoting, illness-preventing, and other health-related benefits. Keeping in mind health-promoting properties of nutraceuticals along with their great therapeutic potential and safety profile, there is a permanently growing demand on the application of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals. Application of nutraceuticals is beneficial only if meeting needs at individual level. Therefore, health risk assessment and creation of individualized patient profiles are of pivotal importance followed by adapted nutraceutical sets meeting individual needs. Based on the scientific evidence available for mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals, this article presents examples of frequent medical conditions, which require protective measures targeted on mitochondria as a holistic approach following advanced concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) in primary and secondary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nafiseh Sargheini
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-Von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianka Bojkova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Heinrich
- Institute of General Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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6
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Kuczyńska-Wiśnik D, Stojowska-Swędrzyńska K, Laskowska E. Intracellular Protective Functions and Therapeutical Potential of Trehalose. Molecules 2024; 29:2088. [PMID: 38731579 PMCID: PMC11085779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a naturally occurring, non-reducing saccharide widely distributed in nature. Over the years, research on trehalose has revealed that this initially thought simple storage molecule is a multifunctional and multitasking compound protecting cells against various stress factors. This review presents data on the role of trehalose in maintaining cellular homeostasis under stress conditions and in the virulence of bacteria and fungi. Numerous studies have demonstrated that trehalose acts in the cell as an osmoprotectant, chemical chaperone, free radical scavenger, carbon source, virulence factor, and metabolic regulator. The increasingly researched medical and therapeutic applications of trehalose are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ewa Laskowska
- Department of General and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (D.K.-W.); (K.S.-S.)
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Gao S, Wang J, Wei L, Luo C, Qian F, Bo L, Mao C. Trehalosemodulates OVRAS to improve oxidative stress and apoptosis in KGN cells and ovaries of PCOS mice. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:11. [PMID: 38195648 PMCID: PMC10775634 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is complex and variable, and there is no exact cause or good treatment method. Most of the methods of hormones are used to temporarily meet the needs of patients. Experimental evidence has shown that trehalose has, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, glucose-lowering, and insulin resistance effects. However, whether trehalose has a therapeutic effect on PCOS is unknown. It has been reported that the ovarian renin-angiotensin system (OVRAS) is involved in the development of PCOS, but it has not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore the effect of trehalose on PCOS and elucidate the related OVRAS mechanism. We first observed that body weight, estrous cycle, ovarian follicles at all levels, glucose tolerance, serum hormones, and insulin resistance were improved by trehalose treatment in the PCOS mouse model. Moreover, trehalose treatment also ameliorated ovarian oxidative stress and apoptosis in PCOS mice, as determined by TUNNEL apoptosis staining, total SOD in ovarian homogenate, and WB assay. OVRAS mainly involves two classic pathways, namely the ACE/AngII/AT1R/AT2R, and ACE2 / Ang1-7/ MASR, Which play different functions. In PCOS mouse ovaries, we found that ACE/AngII/AT1R was up-regulated and ACE2/Ang1-7/MASR and AT2R were down-regulated by PCR and WB experiments, However, trehalose treatment changed its direction. In addition, we also found that trehalose ameliorated DHEA-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in KGN by PCR and WB experiments, mainly by down-regulating ACE/AngII/AT1R. Our study shows that trehalose improves symptoms of PCOS mainly by down-regulating ACE/AngII/AT1R, revealing a potential therapeutic target for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Lun Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Fei Qian
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Le Bo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China
| | - Caiping Mao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Rd, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, China.
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Tsuchiyama T, Chen D, Alhossain MMA, Tazaki A, Kagawa T, Gu Y, Gao Y, Kurniasari F, Ahsan N, Akhand AA, Kato M. Unexpected associations of long-term and excessive exposure to trivalent chromium with hypertension and glycosuria in male tannery workers. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139190. [PMID: 37307929 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Serious health hazards including renal, skin and hearing disorders have been reported in Bangladeshi tannery workers (TWs) who were chronically exposed to a large amount of trivalent chromium [Cr(III)]. However, the effects of Cr(III) exposure on the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of glycosuria in TWs remain unknown. Since the Cr level in toenails is an established marker reflecting long-term exposure to Cr(III) in humans, the associations of Cr levels in toenails with the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of glycosuria in male tannery and non-tannery office workers (non-TWs) in Bangladesh were investigated in this study. The mean toenail Cr level in non-TWs (0.5 μg/g, n = 49) was comparable to that in the general population reported previously. Mean Cr levels in TWs with a low toenail Cr level (5.7 μg/g, n = 39) and those with a high toenail Cr level (298.8 μg/g, n = 61) were >10-fold and >500-fold higher, respectively, than that in non-TWs. Our univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of glycosuria in TWs with a high toenail Cr level, but not in TWs with a low toenail Cr level, were significantly lower than those in non-TWs. This study showed for the first time that long-term and excessive exposure to Cr(III) that is more than >500-fold but not >10-fold higher than the usual exposure level could decrease the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence of glycosuria in TWs. Thus, this study revealed unexpected effects of exposure to Cr(III) on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Tsuchiyama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Dijie Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M M Aeorangajeb Alhossain
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Akira Tazaki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagawa
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yishuo Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yanjun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fitri Kurniasari
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Nazmul Ahsan
- Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Anwarul A Akhand
- Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Voluntary Body for International Healthcare in Universities, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan.
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JIANG B, LI X, WANG M, LI GX, REN PW, WANG YQ, XIN SJ, QIN LF. Trehalose attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by inducing autophagy in smooth muscle cells. J Geriatr Cardiol 2023; 20:214-222. [PMID: 37091261 PMCID: PMC10114191 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trehalose is a naturally occurring disaccharide, which has been identified as an autophagy inducer and exhibits protective effect in cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infraction and atherosclerosis. However, the functional role of trehalose in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains undefined. METHODS To study the effect of trehalose in AAA, trehalose (1 g/kg per day) were given for 14 continuous days in a mouse model of elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm. On day 14, ultrasound was performed to measure aortic diameter before the abdominal aortas were harvested and processed for further analysis. Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining and TUNEL staining were performed on paraffin sections to evaluate vascular histology and apoptosis, immunofluorescence staining and Western-blot were performed to evaluate expression of autophagy markers. RESULTS Echocardiography and in situ pictures demonstrated that trehalose attenuated infrarenal aorta dilation. Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining showed elastin degradation was improved in trehalose-treated group. Compared with vehicle-treated mice, trehalose treatment restored smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype with increased α-SMA, Calponin and Myh11 expression. Furthermore, trehalose also attenuated cell apoptosis and leukocytes infiltration. Importantly, trehalose induced autophagy with decrease SQSTM1/p62 accumulation, increased lamp2 expression and LC3B conversion. CONCLUSION Trehalose attenuated AAA progression with decreased inflammation and restored SMC contractile phenotype by inducing autophagy. These results demonstrated the therapeutic potential of trehalose in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo JIANG
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuan LI
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, China
| | - Mo WANG
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Guang-Xin LI
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng-Wei REN
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yu-Qi WANG
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shi-Jie XIN
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapeutics of Aortic Aneurysm, Shenyang, China
- (XIN SJ)
| | - Ling-Feng QIN
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- (QIN LF)
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Dietary Trehalose as a Bioactive Nutrient. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061393. [PMID: 36986123 PMCID: PMC10054017 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trehalose is a naturally occurring, non-reducing disaccharide comprising two covalently-linked glucose molecules. It possesses unique physiochemical properties, which account for multiple biological roles in a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. In the past few decades, intensive research on trehalose has uncovered its functions, and extended its uses as a sweetener and stabilizer in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Further, increased dietary trehalose consumption has sparked research on how trehalose affects the gut microbiome. In addition to its role as a dietary sugar, trehalose has gained attention for its ability to modulate glucose homeostasis, and potentially as a therapeutic agent for diabetes. This review discusses the bioactive effects of dietary trehalose, highlighting its promise in future industrial and scientific contributions.
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Zhang L, Guo K, Tian Q, Ye J, Ding Z, Zhou Q, Li X, Zhou Z, Yang L. Serum Metabolomics Reveals a Potential Benefit of Methionine in Type 1 Diabetes Patients with Poor Glycemic Control and High Glycemic Variability. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030518. [PMID: 36771224 PMCID: PMC9921163 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycemic variability (GV) in some patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains heterogeneous despite comparable clinical indicators, and whether other factors are involved is yet unknown. Metabolites in the serum indicate a broad effect of GV on cellular metabolism and therefore are more likely to indicate metabolic dysregulation associated with T1D. To compare the metabolomic profiles between high GV (GV-H, coefficient of variation (CV) of glucose ≥ 36%) and low GV (GV-L, CV < 36%) groups and to identify potential GV biomarkers, metabolomics profiling was carried out on serum samples from 17 patients with high GV, 16 matched (for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, insulin dose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting, and 2 h postprandial C-peptide) patients with low GV (exploratory set), and another 21 (GV-H/GV-L: 11/10) matched patients (validation set). Subsequently, 25 metabolites were significantly enriched in seven Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways between the GV-H and GV-L groups in the exploratory set. Only the differences in spermidine, L-methionine, and trehalose remained significant after validation. The area under the curve of these three metabolites combined in distinguishing GV-H from GV-L was 0.952 and 0.918 in the exploratory and validation sets, respectively. L-methionine was significantly inversely related to HbA1c and glucose CV, while spermidine was significantly positively associated with glucose CV. Differences in trehalose were not as reliable as those in spermidine and L-methionine because of the relatively low amounts of trehalose and the inconsistent fold change sizes in the exploratory and validation sets. Our findings suggest that metabolomic disturbances may impact the GV of T1D. Additional in vitro and in vivo mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the relationship between spermidine and L-methionine levels and GV in T1D patients with different geographical and nutritional backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lin Yang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-731-8529-2154
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Chen A, Tapia H, Goddard JM, Gibney PA. Trehalose and its applications in the food industry. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:5004-5037. [PMID: 36201393 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a nonreducing disaccharide composed of two glucose molecules linked by α, α-1,1-glycosidic bond. It is present in a wide variety of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, insects, plants, and invertebrate animals. Trehalose has distinct physical and chemical properties that have been investigated for their biological importance in a range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. Emerging research on trehalose has identified untapped opportunities for its application in the food, medical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. This review summarizes the chemical and biological properties of trehalose, its occurrence and metabolism in living organisms, its protective role in molecule stabilization, and natural and commercial production methods. Utilization of trehalose in the food industry, in particular how it stabilizes protein, fat, carbohydrate, and volatile compounds, is also discussed in depth. Challenges and opportunities of its application in specific applications (e.g., diagnostics, bioprocessing, ingredient technology) are described. We conclude with a discussion on the potential of leveraging the unique molecular properties of trehalose in molecular stabilization for improving the safety, quality, and sustainability of our food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Chen
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Hugo Tapia
- Biology Program, California State University - Channel Islands, Camarillo, California, USA
| | - Julie M Goddard
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Patrick A Gibney
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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13
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Zhang X, Tian Y, Mu M, Hao Z, Zhang J, Wang Q, Liang Y, Wang J. Trehalose-induced changes in the aggregation behavior and structural properties of wheat gluten. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Trehalose prevents glyphosate-induced hepatic steatosis in roosters by activating the Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Vet Res Commun 2022; 47:651-661. [PMID: 36261742 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-022-10021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate (Gly) is a globally spread herbicide that can cause toxic injuries to hepatocytes. Dietary trehalose (Tre) exerts cytoprotective effect in numerous liver diseases through anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is yet to be investigated whether Tre affords protection against Gly-induced hepatotoxicity. To evaluate the negative effect of Gly in liver and assess the possible protective role of Tre, sixty Hy-line Brown roosters were allocated into three groups: the first group presented the control with a normal diet, the second group fed normal feed containing 200mg/kg Gly, and the third group fed normal feed containing 200 mg/kg Gly and 5 g/kg Tre. Plasma and liver tissues were collected and analyzed after 120 days. Firstly, Gly-elevated serum levels of hepatic injury markers and liver histopathological damages were evidently alleviated by Tre administration. Also, Tre normalized Gly-altered serum and hepatic lipid profiles and Oil Red O-stained lipid levels, suggesting the improvement of hepatic steatosis. The severely accumulated malondialdehyde levels and impaired antioxidant status in Gly-exposed roosters were markedly improved by administration with Tre. Simultaneously, Gly-inhibited nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) level and consequent reduced levels of Nrf2-downstream targets in liver were markedly normalized by Tre treatment. Additionally, Tre treatment evidently mitigated Gly-induced inflammasome response via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Overall, these observations provide novel insights that the protective action of Tre against Gly-induced hepatic steatosis is attributed to activation of Nrf2 pathway and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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15
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Yang J, Yuan L, Liu F, Li L, Liu J, Chen Y, Lu Y, Yuan Y. Molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of autophagy in kidney diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:974829. [PMID: 36081940 PMCID: PMC9446454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.974829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular progress for the degradation of cytoplasmic contents including micromolecules, misfolded proteins, and damaged organelles that has recently captured attention in kidney diseases. Basal autophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining cell survival and kidney homeostasis. Accordingly, dysregulation of autophagy has implicated in the pathologies of kidney diseases. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted role of autophagy in kidney aging, maladaptive repair, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and discuss autophagy-related drugs in kidney diseases. However, uncertainty still remains as to the precise mechanisms of autophagy in kidney diseases. Further research is needed to clarify the accurate molecular mechanism of autophagy in kidney diseases, which will facilitate the discovery of a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanrong Lu
- *Correspondence: Yanrong Lu, ; Yujia Yuan,
| | - Yujia Yuan
- *Correspondence: Yanrong Lu, ; Yujia Yuan,
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antidiabetic Activity, Phenolic Content and Microscopical Characterization of Terfezia claveryi. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154843. [PMID: 35956793 PMCID: PMC9369677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Terfezia claveryi (T. claveryi) is used by traditional healers in the Middle East region to treat several diseases, including diabetes. The present study evaluated the total phenolic and investigated the blood-glucose-lowering potential of different aqueous extracts of this selected truffle using in vitro and in vivo models. The phytochemical profile was examined using UPLC-MS. The macerate and the microwave-assisted extract were the richest in phenolic compounds. All T. claveryi extracts exhibited a remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory effect in vitro, with an IC50 of 2.43, 3.26, 5.18 and 3.31 mg/mL for the aqueous microwave-assisted extract macerate, infusion and decoction, respectively. On the other hand, in the high-fat diet alloxan-induced diabetic mice model, all tested crude aqueous extracts exhibited a significant antihyperglycemic activity (p < 0.05). Four hours after the administration of the 250 mg/kg dose, the macerate was able to induce a 29.4% blood-glucose-lowering effect compared to a 24.8% reduction induced by the infusion, which was sustained for a further two hours. The hypoglycemic effect (29.3% and 32.4%) was also recorded six hours after the administration of the single dose 500 mg/kg of the macerate and the infusion, respectively. Truffle extracts exhibited antidiabetic activity both in vitro and in vivo, providing a rationale for the traditional use as a natural hypoglycemic.
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Wada SI, Arimura H, Nagayoshi M, Sawa R, Kubota Y, Matoba K, Hayashi C, Shibuya Y, Hatano M, Takehana Y, Ohba SI, Kobayashi Y, Watanabe T, Shibasaki M, Igarashi M. Rediscovery of 4-Trehalosamine as a Biologically Stable, Mass-Producible, and Chemically Modifiable Trehalose Analog. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2101309. [PMID: 35297567 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202101309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nonreducing disaccharide trehalose is used as a stabilizer and humectant in various products and is a potential medicinal drug, showing curative effects on the animal models of various diseases. However, its use is limited as it is hydrolyzed by trehalase, a widely expressed enzyme in multiple organisms. Several trehalose analogs are prepared, including a microbial metabolite 4-trehalosamine, and their high biological stability is confirmed. For further analysis, 4-trehalosamine is selected as it shows high producibility. Compared with trehalose, 4-trehalosamine exhibits better or comparable protective activities and a high buffer capacity around the neutral pH. Another advantage of 4-trehalosamine is its chemical modifiability: simple reactions produce its various derivatives. Labeled probes and detergents are synthesized in one-pot reactions to exemplify the feasibility of their production, and their utility is confirmed for their respective applications. The labeled probes are used for mycobacterial staining. Although the derivative detergents can be effectively used in membrane protein research, long-chain detergents show 1000-3000-fold stronger autophagy-inducing activity in cultured cells than trehalose and are expected to become a drug lead and research reagent. These results indicate that 4-trehalosamine is a useful trehalose substitute for various purposes and a material to produce new useful derivative substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Wada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Honami Arimura
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Miho Nagayoshi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sawa
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kubota
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matoba
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Chigusa Hayashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yuko Shibuya
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masaki Hatano
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takehana
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Ohba
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kobayashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Takumi Watanabe
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
| | - Masayuki Igarashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), 3-14-23, Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan
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Trehalose Activates Hepatic and Myocardial Autophagy and Has Anti-Inflammatory Effects in db/db Diabetic Mice. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030442. [PMID: 35330193 PMCID: PMC8950581 DOI: 10.3390/life12030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Db/db mice (carrying a mutation in the gene encoding leptin receptor) show autophagy suppression. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of autophagy inducer trehalose on liver and heart autophagy in db/db mice and to study inflammation dysregulation and the suitability of chitinases’ expression levels as diabetes markers. Thirty-eight male db/db mice and C57/BL mice (control) were used. The db/db model manifested inflammation symptoms: overexpression of TNF-α in the spleen and underexpression of IL-10 in the liver and spleen (cytokine imbalance). Simultaneously, we revealed decreased expression of chitotriosidase (CHIT1) and acid mammalian chitinase (CHIA) in the liver of db/db mice. CHIA expression in db/db mice is significantly lower only in the spleen. Trehalose treatment significantly reduced blood glucose concentration and glycated hemoglobin. Treatment of db/db mice by trehalose was followed by increased autophagy induction in the heart and liver (increased autolysosomes volume density studied by morphometric electron-microscopic method). Trehalose exerted beneficial cardiac effects possibly via increased lipophagy (uptake of lipid droplets). The autophagy activation by trehalose had several positive effects on the heart and liver of db/db mice; therefore, lipophagy activation seems to be a promising therapy for diabetes.
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Heidari H, Azizi Y, Maleki-Ravasan N, Tahghighi A, Khalaj A, Pourhamzeh M. Nature׳s gifts to medicine: The metabolic effects of extracts from cocoons of Larinus hedenborgi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their host plant Echinops cephalotes (Asteraceae) in diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 284:114762. [PMID: 34678415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Trehala manna (TM), the edible cocoons of several weevil species, e.g. Larinus hedenborgi Boheman, 1845 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their host plant, i.e. Echinops cephalotes DC. (EC) (Asteraceae), are traditionally used to treat pain, inflammation, infectious diseases, as well as respiratory, renal, reproductive and metabolic disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the metabolic effects of aqueous extracts from TM and EC on diabetic male Wistar albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were orally gavaged with the extracts (75, 150, and 300 mg/kg), normal saline, and glibenclamide (Glbn), for 28 days. The serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipid profile, and hepatic enzymes, plus the body weight of rats were measured at the beginning and the end of study. The proximate composition of the extracts was determined, additionally. The antioxidant and cytotoxic potency of the extracts were evaluated by radical scavenging/ferric reducing and viability assays, respectively. RESULTS Treatment of diabetic rats with the extracts significantly altered metabolic biomarkers compared with diabetic, control and Glbn-treated groups, but not in a dose-dependent manner. However, the antihyperglycemic effects of TM75/EC300, the antiobesity effects of EC150, and the hepatoprotective effects of TM150/EC150 were even stronger than those of Glbn. TM/EC-treated groups represented normal cell architecture in the pancreatic and renal tissues. Nutrient analysis displayed that TM is rich in sugar and magnesium, whereas EC is abundant in protein, sodium, potassium, and calcium. The extracts showed no antioxidant and cytotoxic effects, as compared to the control groups. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that active ingredients in the extracts evaluated are responsible for the metabolic effects by lowering blood sugar and restoring the damaged islets of Langerhans. The close trophic relationship of the TM-producing beetle with the host thistle justifies the overlaps of the bioactivity of the TM and EC extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Heidari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Azar Tahghighi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Clinical Research, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azam Khalaj
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Pourhamzeh
- Division of Neuroscience, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Eronina TB, Mikhaylova VV, Chebotareva NA, Kleymenov SY, Pivovarova AV, Kurganov BI. Combined action of chemical chaperones on stability, aggregation and oligomeric state of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 203:406-416. [PMID: 35066023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemical chaperones are a class of small molecules, which enhance protein stability, folding, inhibit protein aggregation, and are used for long-term storage of therapeutic proteins. The combined action of chemical chaperones trehalose, betaine and lysine on stability, aggregation and oligomeric state of muscle glycogen phosphorylase b (Phb) has been studied. Dynamic light scattering data indicate that the affinity of trehalose to Phb increased in the presence of betaine or lysine at both stages (stage of nucleation and aggregate growth) of enzyme aggregation at 48 °C, in contrast, the affinity of betaine to the enzyme in the presence of lysine remained practically unchanged. According to differential scanning calorimetry and analytical ultracentrifugation data, the mixture of trehalose and betaine stabilized Phb stronger than either of them in total. Moreover, the destabilizing effect of lysine on the enzyme was almost completely compensated by trehalose and only partially by betaine. The main protective effect of the mixtures of osmolytes and lysine is associated with their influence on the dissociation/denaturation stage, which is the rate-limiting one of Phb aggregation. Thus, a pair of chaperones affects the stability, oligomeric state, and aggregation of Phb differently than individual chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana B Eronina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
| | - Valeriya V Mikhaylova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Natalia A Chebotareva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey Y Kleymenov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia; Koltsov's Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 26, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia V Pivovarova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Boris I Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Centre "Fundamentals of Biotechnology", Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia
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Mobini M, Radbakhsh S, Kubaski F, Eshraghi P, Vakili S, Vakili R, Khalili M, Varesvazirian M, Jamialahmadi T, Alamdaran SA, Sayedi SJ, Rajabi O, Emami SA, Reiner Ž, Sebkar A. Impact of Intravenous Trehalose Administration in Patients with Niemann-Pick Disease Types A and B. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11010247. [PMID: 35011993 PMCID: PMC8745869 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Niemann–Pick disease (NPD) types A (NPA) and B (NPB) are caused by deficiency of the acid sphingomyelinase enzyme, which is encoded by the SMPD1 gene, resulting in progressive pathogenic accumulation of lipids in tissues. Trehalose has been suggested as an autophagy inducer with therapeutic neuroprotective effects. We performed a single-arm, open-label pilot study to assess the potential efficacy of trehalose treatment in patients with NPA and NPB patients. Methods: Five patients with NPD type A and B were enrolled in an open-label, single-arm clinical trial. Trehalose was administrated intravenously (IV) (15 g/week) for three months. The efficacy of trehalose in the management of clinical symptoms was evaluated in patients by assessing the quality of life, serum biomarkers, and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lungs at the baseline and end of the interventional trial (day 0 and week 12). Results: The mean of TNO-AZL Preschool children Quality of Life (TAPQOL) scores increased in all patients after intervention at W12 compared to the baseline W0, although the difference was not statistically significant. The serum levels of lyso-SM-509 and lyso-SM were decreased in three and four patients out of five, respectively, compared with baseline. Elevated ALT and AST levels were decreased in all patients after 12 weeks of treatment; however, changes were not statistically significant. Pro-oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB) was also decreased and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was increased in serum of patients at the end of the study. Imaging studies of spleen and lung HRCT showed improvement of symptoms in two patients. Conclusions: Positive trends in health-related quality of life (HRQoL), serum biomarkers, and organomegaly were observed after 3 months of treatment with trehalose in patients with NPA and NPB. Although not statistically significant, due to the small number of patients enrolled, these results are encouraging and should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Mobini
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
| | - Shabnam Radbakhsh
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Francyne Kubaski
- Department of Genetics, UFRGS, Porto Alegre 91501970, Brazil;
- Medical Genetics Service, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035903, Brazil
- Biodiscovery Lab, HCPA, Porto Alegre 90035903, Brazil
| | - Peyman Eshraghi
- Department of Pediatric Diseases, Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177897157, Iran;
| | - Saba Vakili
- Medical Genetic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; (S.V.); (R.V.)
| | - Rahim Vakili
- Medical Genetic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran; (S.V.); (R.V.)
| | - Manijeh Khalili
- Children and Adolescents Health Research Center, Research Institute of cellular and Molecular Science in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan 9816743463, Iran;
| | - Majid Varesvazirian
- Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7618751151, Iran;
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
| | - Seyed Ali Alamdaran
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
| | - Seyed Javad Sayedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran;
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran;
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran;
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 1000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Amirhossein Sebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948954, Iran
- Correspondence:
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Gallego-Lobillo P, Doyagüez EG, Jimeno ML, Villamiel M, Hernandez-Hernandez O. Enzymatic Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Novel Trehalose-Based Oligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12541-12553. [PMID: 34636545 PMCID: PMC8554766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose, α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1↔1)-α-d-glucopyranoside, is a disaccharide with multiple effects on the human body. Synthesis of new trehalose derivatives was investigated through transgalactosylation reactions using β-galactosidase from four different species. β-galactosidases from Bacillus circulans (B. circulans) and Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae) were observed to be the best biocatalysts, using lactose as the donor and trehalose as the acceptor. Galactosyl derivatives of trehalose were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Trisaccharides were the most abundant oligosaccharides obtained followed by the tetrasaccharide fraction (19.5% vs 8.2% carbohydrates). Interestingly, the pentasaccharide [β-Galp-(1→4)]3-trehalose was characterized for the first time. Greater oligosaccharide production was observed using β-galactosidase from B. circulans than that obtained from A. oryzae, where the main structures were based on galactose monomers linked by β-(1→6) and β-(1→4) bonds with trehalose in the ending. These results indicate the feasibility of commercially available β-galactosidases for the synthesis of trehalose-derived oligosaccharides, which might have functional properties, excluding the adverse effects of the single trehalose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Gallego-Lobillo
- Institute
of Food Science Research (CIAL), Spanish Council of Scientific Research,
(CSIC)−Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Campus de la
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Elisa G. Doyagüez
- Centro
de Química Orgánica “Lora Tamayo” (CSIC), c/Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - María Luisa Jimeno
- Centro
de Química Orgánica “Lora Tamayo” (CSIC), c/Juan de la Cierva, 3, Madrid E-28006, Spain
| | - Mar Villamiel
- Institute
of Food Science Research (CIAL), Spanish Council of Scientific Research,
(CSIC)−Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Campus de la
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Oswaldo Hernandez-Hernandez
- Institute
of Food Science Research (CIAL), Spanish Council of Scientific Research,
(CSIC)−Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), Campus de la
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Treatment with Autophagy Inducer Trehalose Alleviates Memory and Behavioral Impairments and Neuroinflammatory Brain Processes in db/db Mice. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102557. [PMID: 34685538 PMCID: PMC8533743 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy attenuation has been found in neurodegenerative diseases, aging, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. In experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases, the correction of autophagy in the brain reverses neuronal and behavioral deficits and hence seems to be a promising therapy for neuropathologies. Our aim was to study the effect of an autophagy inducer, trehalose, on brain autophagy and behavior in a genetic model of diabetes with signs of neuronal damage (db/db mice). A 2% trehalose solution was administered as drinking water during 24 days of the experiment. Expressions of markers of autophagy (LC3-II), neuroinflammation (IBA1), redox state (NOS), and neuronal density (NeuN) in the brain were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. For behavioral phenotyping, the open field, elevated plus-maze, tail suspension, pre-pulse inhibition, and passive avoidance tests were used. Trehalose caused a slight reduction in increased blood glucose concentration, considerable autophagy activation, and a decrease in the neuroinflammatory response in the brain along with improvements of exploration, locomotor activity, anxiety, depressive-like behavior, and fear learning and memory in db/db mice. Trehalose exerted some beneficial peripheral and systemic effects and partially reversed behavioral alterations in db/db mice. Thus, trehalose as an inducer of mTOR-independent autophagy is effective at alleviating neuronal and behavioral disturbances accompanying experimental diabetes.
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Franco-Juárez B, Gómez-Manzo S, Hernández-Ochoa B, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N, Arreguin-Espinosa R, Pérez de la Cruz V, Ortega-Cuellar D. Effects of High Dietary Carbohydrate and Lipid Intake on the Lifespan of C. elegans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092359. [PMID: 34572007 PMCID: PMC8465757 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Health and lifespan are influenced by dietary nutrients, whose balance is dependent on the supply or demand of each organism. Many studies have shown that an increased carbohydrate–lipid intake plays a critical role in metabolic dysregulation, which impacts longevity. Caenorhabditis elegans has been successfully used as an in vivo model to study the effects of several factors, such as genetic, environmental, diet, and lifestyle factors, on the molecular mechanisms that have been linked to healthspan, lifespan, and the aging process. There is evidence showing the causative effects of high glucose on lifespan in different diabetic models; however, the precise biological mechanisms affected by dietary nutrients, specifically carbohydrates and lipids, as well as their links with lifespan and longevity, remain unknown. Here, we provide an overview of the deleterious effects caused by high-carbohydrate and high-lipid diets, as well as the molecular signals that affect the lifespan of C. elegans; thus, understanding the detailed molecular mechanisms of high-glucose- and lipid-induced changes in whole organisms would allow the targeting of key regulatory factors to ameliorate metabolic disorders and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Franco-Juárez
- Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, UNAM, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Saúl Gómez-Manzo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
| | - Beatriz Hernández-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Inmunoquímica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 06720, Mexico;
| | - Noemi Cárdenas-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Arreguin-Espinosa
- Departamento de Química de Biomacromoléculas, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Verónica Pérez de la Cruz
- Neurochemistry and Behavior Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Ciudad de México 14269, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Ortega-Cuellar
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 04530, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-1084-0900
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25
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Chemical composition and evaluation of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of Tuber and Terfezia truffles. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110071. [PMID: 33648293 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ten truffle species of Tuber and Terfezia genera were chemical characterized, assessing their proximate composition, individual nutrient compounds and some bioactive molecules. The bioactive properties of these species were also evaluated, namely their antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential. Carbohydrates were the main macronutrients present in truffles, followed by proteins. Furthermore, the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), subsequently presented as a percentage, were higher in truffles (38.2-79.3%) except in Tuber magnatum and Terfezia arenaria, which have a more saturated fatty acids (SFA) profile (70.7% and 53.7%, respectively). Comparing the species, T. magnatum revealed the highest levels of total phenolic compounds (TPC) (290 mg GAE/100 g truffle), as also the best results in the four methods used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. On the other hand, only five extracts obtained from some studied truffle species (Terfezia magnusii, Tuber aestivum, Tuber gennadii, and Tuber melanosporum) showed a slight inhibition of microbial growth, tested against different bacteria. Terfezia and T. gennadii extracts, showed potential to inhibit the cellular growth of NCI-H460, HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines (GI50 concentrations range: 19-78, 33-301, 83-321 and 102-321 µg/mL, respectively), indicating anti-proliferative activity. Nevertheless, T. arenaria revealed some potential hepatotoxicity, inhibiting the growth of PLP2 cells (GI50 concentration of 220 µg/mL), a primary cell culture obtained from porcine liver.
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Muntoni E, Anfossi L, Milla P, Marini E, Ferraris C, Capucchio MT, Colombino E, Segale L, Porta M, Battaglia L. Glargine insulin loaded lipid nanoparticles: Oral delivery of liquid and solid oral dosage forms. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:691-698. [PMID: 33131992 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The oral administration of insulin has so far been precluded by gastro-intestinal enzyme degradation and poor intestinal absorption. Preliminary evidence for peptide uptake by the gut has recently been obtained, by our research group, following the administration of nanostructured lipid-carrier suspensions loaded with glargine insulin in healthy animal models. METHODS AND RESULTS In this experimental study, glargine insulin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers have been converted into solid oral dosage forms (tablets, capsules), that are more suitable for administration in humans and have prolonged shelf-life. The liquid and solid oral dosage forms were tested for glargine insulin uptake and glucose responsivity in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (6 animals in each group). A suitable composition gave redispersible solid oral dosage forms from glargine insulin-loaded carriers, using both spray-drying and freeze-drying. It was observed that the liquid and solid formulations had relevant hypoglycaemic effects in healthy rats, while only capsules were efficacious in diabetic rats; probably because of gut alterations in these animal models. Detected glargine insulinaemia was consistent with a glycaemic profile. CONCLUSION The formulations under study showed their potential as oral glucose-lowering agents, particularly when used as capsules. However, further study is needed to produce a useful orally-active insulin preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Muntoni
- University of Turin, Department of Drug Science and Technology, Via Pietro Giuria 9, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Anfossi
- University of Turin, Department of Chemistry, Via Pietro Giuria 7, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Milla
- University of Turin, Department of Drug Science and Technology, Via Pietro Giuria 9, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- University of Turin, Department of Drug Science and Technology, Via Pietro Giuria 9, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Ferraris
- University of Turin, Department of Drug Science and Technology, Via Pietro Giuria 9, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria T Capucchio
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Elena Colombino
- University of Turin, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Lorena Segale
- University of Eastern Piedmont, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Largo Donegani 2/3, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimo Porta
- University of Turin, Department of Medical Sciences, Corso Dogliotti 14, Turin, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- University of Turin, Department of Drug Science and Technology, Via Pietro Giuria 9, Turin, Italy.
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Radbakhsh S, Momtazi-Borojeni AA, Mahmoudi A, Sarborji MR, Jamialahmadi T, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Investigation of the Effects of Trehalose on Glycemic Indices in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1328:481-488. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Radbakhsh S, Ganjali S, Moallem SA, Guest PC, Sahebkar A. Antioxidant Effects of Trehalose in an Experimental Model of Type 2 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1328:473-480. [PMID: 34981498 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress that occurs as a consequence of the imbalance between antioxidant activity and free radicals can contribute in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Antioxidant therapies have been proposed as possible approaches to treat and attenuate diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential antioxidant effects of trehalose on oxidative indices in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. METHODS Diabetic rats were divided randomly into five treatment groups (six rats per group). One test group received 45 mg/kg/day trehalose via intraperitoneal injection, and another received 1.5 mg/kg/day trehalose via oral gavage for 4 weeks. Three control groups were also tested including nondiabetic rats as a normal control (NC), a nontreated diabetic control (DC), and a positive control given 200 mg/kg/day metformin. Levels of thiol groups (-SH), and serum total antioxidant capacity were measured between control and test groups. In addition, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activities were assessed. RESULTS In both oral and injection trehalose-treated groups, a marked increase was observed in serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (p > 0.05) and thiol groups (-SH) (p < 0.05). Also, SOD and GPx activities were increased after 4 weeks of treatment with trehalose. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present results indicate ameliorative effects of trehalose on oxidative stress, with increase antioxidant enzyme activities in STZ-induced diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Radbakhsh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shiva Ganjali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Adel Moallem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahra University for Women, Karbala, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Paul C Guest
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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29
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Forouzanfar F, Guest PC, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Hepatoprotective Effect of Trehalose: Insight into Its Mechanisms of Action. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1328:489-500. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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30
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Bertéli MBD, Barros L, Reis FS, Ferreira ICFR, Glamočlija J, Soković M, Valle JSD, Linde GA, Ruiz SP, Colauto NB. Antimicrobial activity, chemical composition and cytotoxicity of Lentinus crinitus basidiocarp. Food Funct 2021; 12:6780-6792. [PMID: 34109332 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00656h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lentinus crinitus (L.) Fr. (Basidiomycota: Polyporales) is a wild mushroom with several biotechnological applications; however, there are few studies on its chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity of L. crinitus basidiocarp. For that, its nutritional value (AOAC procedures) and its composition in some hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds (chromatographic techniques) were assessed. Moreover, the potential hepatotoxic effects were evaluated using a primary cell culture obtained from porcine liver, and its growth inhibitory capacity was also evaluated against four human tumour cell lines (spectrophotometric assays). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by microdilution against eight bacteria and fungi. The basidiocarp has a high content of carbohydrates and, therefore, a relatively high energetic value. It is also rich in soluble sugars, β-tocopherol, phenolic acids, mainly p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and organic acids, mainly malic acid. L. crinitus did not show cytotoxicity in non-tumour cells, but it did not inhibit the growth of human tumour cell lines either. The basidiocarp has a wide antimicrobial activity, inhibiting the growth of different species of bacteria and fungi. It showed minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentration values similar to or lower than those verified by commercial antibiotics or food additives used as preservatives. The antimicrobial activity was more evident against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Penicillium ochrochloron, followed by Aspergillus ochraceus and Trichoderma viride, when compared to the controls. The results obtained in this study showed that L. crinitus basidiocarp has great potential to be used by the industry without toxicity risks.
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Yaribeygi H, Sathyapalan T, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Natural Insulin Sensitizers for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Possible Molecular Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1328:401-410. [PMID: 34981492 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73234-9_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a growing health challenge globally which is increasing in epidemic proportion. Naturally occurring pharmacological agents are more likely to provide beneficial therapeutic effects without undesirable side effects compared to the synthetic agents. There is a growing evidence that some naturally occurring pharmacological agents derived from plants have potential antihyperglycemic effects. In this study, we have reviewed the molecular mechanism behind potential hypoglycemic properties of four well-known herbal-based agents, namely, ginger, curcumin, garlic, and cinnamon. Also, we present the related clinical data confirming experimental results aiming to develop novel therapeutic strategies based on these herbal agents potentially for the management of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Medicine The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Chen H, Nie Q, Hu J, Huang X, Huang W, Nie S. Metabolism amelioration of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide on type II diabetic rats. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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