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Xiao MY, Pei WJ, Li S, Li FF, Xie P, Luo HT, Hyun Yoo H, Piao XL. Gypenoside L inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the SREBP2-HMGCS1 axis and enhancing immune response. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107539. [PMID: 38861912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver, with a high degree of malignancy and relatively poor prognosis. Gypenoside L has inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects of gypenoside L on HCC in vitro and in vivo, and explore its potential mechanisms. The results showed that gypenoside L reduced the cholesterol and triglyceride content in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells, inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, promoted cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, it targeted the transcription factor SREPB2 to inhibit the expression of HMGCS1 protein and inhibited the downstream proteins HMGCR and MVK, thereby regulating the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Overexpression HMGCS1 led to significant alterations in the cholesterol metabolism pathway of HCC, which mediated HCC cell proliferation and conferred resistance to the therapeutic effect of gypenoside L. In vivo, gypenoside L effectively suppressed HCC growth in tumor-bearing mice by reducing cholesterol production, exhibiting favorable safety profiles and minimal toxic side effects. Gypenoside L modulated cholesterol homeostasis, enhanced expression of inflammatory factors by regulating MHC I pathway-related proteins to augment anticancer immune responses. Clinical samples from HCC patients also exhibited high expression levels of MVA pathway-related genes in tumor tissues. These findings highlight gypenoside L as a promising agent for targeting cholesterol metabolism in HCC while emphasizing the effectiveness of regulating the SREBP2-HMGCS1 axis as a therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Gynostemma/chemistry
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Animals
- Mice
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Molecular Structure
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Plant Extracts
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Yu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen-Jing Pei
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Si Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao-Tian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
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2
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Duan Z, Yang M, Yang J, Wu Z, Zhu Y, Jia Q, Ma X, Yin Y, Zheng J, Yang J, Jiang S, Hu L, Zhang J, Liu D, Huo Y, Yao L, Sun Y. AGFG1 increases cholesterol biosynthesis by disrupting intracellular cholesterol homeostasis to promote PDAC progression. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217130. [PMID: 39089666 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cholesterol metabolism reprograming has been acknowledged as a novel feature of cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a cancer with a high demand of cholesterol for rapid growth. The underlying mechanism of how cholesterol metabolism homestasis are disturbed in PDAC is explored. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The relevance between PDAC and cholesterol was confirmed in TCGA database. The expression and clinical association were discovered in TCGA and GEO datasets. Knockdown and overexpression of AGFG1 was adopted to perform function studies. RNA sequencing, cholesterol detection, transmission electron microscope, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence et al. were utilized to reveal the underlying mechanism. RESULTS AGFG1 was identified as one gene positively correlated with cholesterol metabolism in PDAC as revealed by bioinformatics analysis. AGFG1 expression was then found associated with poor prognosis in PDAC. AGFG1 knockdown led to decreased proliferation of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. By RNA sequencing, we found AGFG1 upregulated expression leads to enhanced intracellular cholesterol biosynthesis. AGFG1 knockdown suppressed cholesterol biosynthesis and an accumulation of cholesterol in the ER. Mechanistically, we confirmed that AGFG1 interacted with CAV1 to relocate cholesterol for the proceeding of cholesterol biosynthesis, therefore causing disorders in intracellular cholesterol metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the tumor-promoting role of AGFG1 by disturbing cholesterol metabolism homestasis in PDAC. Our study has present a new perspective on cancer therapeutic approach based on cholerstrol metabolism in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Duan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Minwei Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, PR China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Yuheng Zhu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Qinyuan Jia
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xueshiyu Ma
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Yifan Yin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Jiahao Zheng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, PR China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China.
| | - Yanmiao Huo
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China.
| | - Linli Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yongwei Sun
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, PR China.
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Salmaninejad A, Layeghi SM, Falakian Z, Golestani S, Kobravi S, Talebi S, Yousefi M. An update to experimental and clinical aspects of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer development: hopes and pitfalls. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 39003350 PMCID: PMC11246281 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent one of the most abundant tumor-infiltrating stromal cells, and their normal function in tumor microenvironment (TME) is to suppress tumor cells by producing cytokines which trigger both direct cell cytotoxicity and antibody-mediated immune response. However, upon prolonged exposure to TME, the classical function of these so-called M1-type TAMs can be converted to another type, "M2-type," which are recruited by tumor cells so that they promote tumor growth and metastasis. This is the reason why the accumulation of TAMs in TME is correlated with poor prognosis in cancer patients. Both M1- and M2-types have high degree of plasticity, and M2-type cells can be reprogrammed to M1-type for therapeutic purposes. This characteristic introduces TAMs as promising target for developing novel cancer treatments. In addition, inhibition of M2-type cells and blocking their recruitment in TME, as well as their depletion by inducing apoptosis, are other approaches for effective immunotherapy of cancer. In this review, we summarize the potential of TAMs to be targeted for cancer immunotherapy and provide an up-to-date about novel strategies for targeting TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Salmaninejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Mehrpour Layeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Falakian
- Department of Laboratory Science, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestani
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepehr Kobravi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tehran Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Yousefi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Mashayekhi V, Schomisch A, Rasheed S, Aparicio-Puerta E, Risch T, Yildiz D, Koch M, Both S, Ludwig N, Legroux TM, Keller A, Müller R, Fuhrmann G, Hoppstädter J, Kiemer AK. The RNA binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2 alters the cargo of cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles supporting tumor-associated macrophages. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:344. [PMID: 38937789 PMCID: PMC11212187 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01701-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contribute to the polarization of macrophages towards tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). High expression levels of the RNA binding protein IGF2BP2/IMP2 are correlated with increased tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and poor prognosis in the clinic. However, there is a lack of understanding of whether IMP2 affects the cargo of cancer cell-derived EVs, thereby modulating macrophage polarization. METHODS EVs were isolated from IMP2-expressing HCT116 parental cells (WT) and CRISPR/Cas9 IMP2 knockout (KO) cells. EVs were characterized according to MISEV guidelines, microRNA cargo was assessed by microRNA-Seq, and the protein cargo was analyzed by proteomics. Primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) were polarized by EVs, and the expression of genes and surface markers was assessed using qPCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Morphological changes of macrophages, as well as the migratory potential of cancer cells, were assessed by the Incucyte® system and macrophage matrix degradation potential by zymography. Changes in the metabolic activity of macrophages were quantified using a Seahorse® analyzer. For in vivo studies, EVs were injected into the yolk sac of zebrafish larvae, and macrophages were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. RESULTS EVs from WT and KO cells had a similar size and concentration and were positive for 25 vesicle markers. The expression of tumor-promoting genes was higher in macrophages polarized with WT EVs than KO EVs, while the expression of TNF and IL6 was reduced. A similar pattern was observed in macrophages from zebrafish larvae treated in vivo. WT EV-polarized macrophages showed a higher abundance of TAM-like surface markers, higher matrix degrading activity, as well as a higher promotion of cancer cell migration. MicroRNA-Seq revealed a significant difference in the microRNA composition of WT and KO EVs, particularly a high abundance of miR-181a-5p in WT EVs, which was absent in KO EVs. Inhibitors of macropinocytosis and phagocytosis antagonized the delivery of miR-181a-5p into macrophages and the downregulation of the miR-181a-5p target DUSP6. Proteomics data showed differences in protein cargo in KO vs. WT EVs, with the differentially abundant proteins mainly involved in metabolic pathways. WT EV-treated macrophages exhibited a higher basal oxygen consumption rate and a lower extracellular acidification rate than KO EV-treated cells. CONCLUSION Our results show that IMP2 determines the cargo of EVs released by cancer cells, thereby modulating the EVs' actions on macrophages. Expression of IMP2 is linked to the secretion of EVs that polarize macrophages towards a tumor-promoting phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Mashayekhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Annika Schomisch
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sari Rasheed
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Brunswick, Germany
| | - Ernesto Aparicio-Puerta
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, University Hospital, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Timo Risch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Brunswick, Germany
| | - Daniela Yildiz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, PZMS, ZHMB, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Simon Both
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nicole Ludwig
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Thierry M Legroux
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, Saarland University, University Hospital, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) - Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Brunswick, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gregor Fuhrmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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5
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Jiang J, Qian B, Guo Y, He Z. Identification of subgroups and development of prognostic risk models along the glycolysis-cholesterol synthesis axis in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14704. [PMID: 38926418 PMCID: PMC11208590 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous malignant tumors affecting human health. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Both glycolytic and cholesterogenic pathways play critical roles in metabolic adaptation to cancer. A dataset of 585 LUAD samples was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We obtained co-expressed glycolysis and cholesterogenesis genes by selecting and clustering genes from Molecular Signatures Database v7.5. We compared the prognosis of different subtypes and identified differentially expressed genes between subtypes. Predictive outcome events were modeled using machine learning, and the top 9 most important prognostic genes were selected by Shapley additive explanation analysis. A risk score model was built based on multivariate Cox analysis. LUAD patients were categorized into four metabolic subgroups: cholesterogenic, glycolytic, quiescent, and mixed. The worst prognosis was the mixed subtype. The prognostic model had great predictive performance in the test set. Patients with LUAD were effectively typed by glycolytic and cholesterogenic genes and were identified as having the worst prognosis in the glycolytic and cholesterogenic enriched gene groups. The prognostic model can provide an essential basis for clinicians to predict clinical outcomes for patients. The model was robust on the training and test datasets and had a great predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuzhou Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bao Qian
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangjie Guo
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengfu He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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6
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Xinyi X, Gong Y. The role of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 in tumor progression. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7285. [PMID: 38896016 PMCID: PMC11187935 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 is mostly known as a transporter for intracellular cholesterol efflux, and a number of studies indicate that ABCG1 also functions actively in tumor initiation and progression. This review aimed to provide an overall review of how ABCG1 acts in tumor progression. METHOD A comprehensive searching about ABCG1 and tumor was conducted up to November 2023 using proper keywords through databases including PubMed and Web of Science. RESULT Overall, ABCG1 plays a crucial role in the development of multiple tumorigenesis. ABCG1 enhances tumor-promoting ability through conferring stem-like properties to cancer cells and mediates chemoresistance in multiple cancers. Additionally, ABCG1 may act as a kinase to phosphorylate downstream molecules and induces tumor growth. In tumor microenvironment, ABCG1 plays a substantial role in immunity response through macrophages to create a tumor-favoring circumstance. CONCLUSION High expression of ABCG1 is usually associated with poor prognosis, which means ABCG1 may be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of various cancers. ABCG1-targeted therapy may provide a novel treatment for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xinyi
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Gong
- Central Laboratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Cancer InstituteFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of OncologyFudan University Shanghai Medical SchoolShanghaiChina
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7
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Ren Y, Wang M, Yuan H, Wang Z, Yu L. A novel insight into cancer therapy: Lipid metabolism in tumor-associated macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112319. [PMID: 38801810 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) can limit the effectiveness and often leads to significant side effects of conventional cancer therapies. Consequently, there is a growing interest in identifying novel targets to enhance the efficacy of targeted cancer therapy. More research indicates that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), originating from peripheral blood monocytes generated from bone marrow myeloid progenitor cells, play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are closely associated with resistance to traditional cancer therapies. Lipid metabolism alterations have been widely recognized as having a significant impact on tumors and their immune microenvironment. Lipids, lipid derivatives, and key substances in their metabolic pathways can influence the carcinogenesis and progression of cancer cells by modulating the phenotype, function, and activity of TAMs. Therefore, this review focuses on the reprogramming of lipid metabolism in cancer cells and their immune microenvironment, in which the TAMs are especially concentrated. Such changes impact TAMs activation and polarization, thereby affecting the tumor cell response to treatment. Furthermore, the article explores the potential of targeting the lipid metabolism of TAMs as a supplementary approach to conventional cancer therapies. It reviews and evaluates current strategies for enhancing efficacy through TAMs' lipid metabolism and proposes new lipid metabolism targets as potential synergistic options for chemo-radiotherapy and immunotherapy. These efforts aim to stimulate further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvxiao Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanghang Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Legroux TM, Schymik HS, Gasparoni G, Mohammadi S, Walter J, Libert C, Diesel B, Hoppstädter J, Kiemer AK. Immunomodulation by glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper in macrophages: enhanced phagocytosis, protection from pyroptosis, and altered mitochondrial function. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1396827. [PMID: 38855102 PMCID: PMC11157436 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1396827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids, which have long served as fundamental therapeutics for diverse inflammatory conditions, are still widely used, despite associated side effects limiting their long-term use. Among their key mediators is glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), recognized for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Here, we explore the immunomodulatory effects of GILZ in macrophages through transcriptomic analysis and functional assays. Bulk RNA sequencing of GILZ knockout and GILZ-overexpressing macrophages revealed significant alterations in gene expression profiles, particularly impacting pathways associated with the inflammatory response, phagocytosis, cell death, mitochondrial function, and extracellular structure organization activity. GILZ-overexpression enhances phagocytic and antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, potentially mediated by increased nitric oxide production. In addition, GILZ protects macrophages from pyroptotic cell death, as indicated by a reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GILZ transgenic macrophages. In contrast, GILZ KO macrophages produced more ROS, suggesting a regulatory role of GILZ in ROS-dependent pathways. Additionally, GILZ overexpression leads to decreased mitochondrial respiration and heightened matrix metalloproteinase activity, suggesting its involvement in tissue remodeling processes. These findings underscore the multifaceted role of GILZ in modulating macrophage functions and its potential as a therapeutic target for inflammatory disorders, offering insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at optimizing the benefits of glucocorticoid therapy while minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry M. Legroux
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hanna S. Schymik
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claude Libert
- Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Britta Diesel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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9
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Dietze R, Szymanski W, Ojasalu K, Finkernagel F, Nist A, Stiewe T, Graumann J, Müller R. Phosphoproteomics Reveals Selective Regulation of Signaling Pathways by Lysophosphatidic Acid Species in Macrophages. Cells 2024; 13:810. [PMID: 38786034 PMCID: PMC11119170 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species, prevalent in the tumor microenvironment (TME), adversely impact various cancers. In ovarian cancer, the 18:0 and 20:4 LPA species are selectively associated with shorter relapse-free survival, indicating distinct effects on cellular signaling networks. Macrophages represent a cell type of high relevance in the TME, but the impact of LPA on these cells remains obscure. Here, we uncovered distinct LPA-species-specific responses in human monocyte-derived macrophages through unbiased phosphoproteomics, with 87 and 161 phosphosites upregulated by 20:4 and 18:0 LPA, respectively, and only 24 shared sites. Specificity was even more pronounced for downregulated phosphosites (163 versus 5 sites). Considering the high levels 20:4 LPA in the TME and its selective association with poor survival, this finding may hold significant implications. Pathway analysis pinpointed RHO/RAC1 GTPase signaling as the predominantly impacted target, including AHRGEF and DOCK guanine exchange factors, ARHGAP GTPase activating proteins, and regulatory protein kinases. Consistent with these findings, exposure to 20:4 resulted in strong alterations to the actin filament network and a consequent enhancement of macrophage migration. Moreover, 20:4 LPA induced p38 phosphorylation, a response not mirrored by 18:0 LPA, whereas the pattern for AKT was reversed. Furthermore, RNA profiling identified genes involved in cholesterol/lipid metabolism as selective targets of 20:4 LPA. These findings imply that the two LPA species cooperatively regulate different pathways to support functions essential for pro-tumorigenic macrophages within the TME. These include cellular survival via AKT activation and migration through RHO/RAC1 and p38 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Dietze
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.D.); (K.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Witold Szymanski
- Institute of Translational Proteomics, Biochemical Pharmacological Centre, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility Translational Proteomics, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Kaire Ojasalu
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.D.); (K.O.); (F.F.)
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.D.); (K.O.); (F.F.)
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (A.N.); (T.S.)
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Institute of Translational Proteomics, Biochemical Pharmacological Centre, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Core Facility Translational Proteomics, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany; (R.D.); (K.O.); (F.F.)
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10
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Wang D, Cao Y, Meng M, Qiu J, Ni C, Guo X, Li Y, Liu S, Yu J, Guo M, Wang J, Du B, Qiu W, Xie C, Zhao B, Ma X, Cheng X, Xu L. FOXA3 regulates cholesterol metabolism to compensate for low uptake during the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002621. [PMID: 38805565 PMCID: PMC11161053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is vital for multiple cancer progression, while how cholesterol affects lung, a low-cholesterol tissue, for cancer metastasis and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we found that metastatic lung adenocarcinoma cells acquire cellular dehydrocholesterol and cholesterol by endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis, instead of uptake upon cholesterol treatment. Besides, we demonstrated that exogenous cholesterol functions as signaling molecule to induce FOXA3, a key transcription factor for lipid metabolism via GLI2. Subsequently, ChIP-seq analysis and molecular studies revealed that FOXA3 transcriptionally activated Hmgcs1, an essential enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis, to induce endogenous dehydrocholesterol and cholesterol level for membrane composition change and cell migration. Conversely, FOXA3 knockdown or knockout blocked cholesterol biosynthesis and lung adenocarcinoma metastasis in mice. In addition, the potent FOXA3 inhibitor magnolol suppressed metastatic gene programs in lung adenocarcinoma patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Altogether, our findings shed light onto unique cholesterol metabolism and FOXA3 contribution to lung adenocarcinoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Changzhou, No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuxiang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiyao Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Institute of Organoid Technology, BioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwei Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenwei Qiu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Institute of Organoid Technology, BioGenous Biotechnology, Inc., Suzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Fengxian District Central Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics, Chongqing Institute of East China Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinghua Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Zhao L, Guo J, Xu S, Duan M, Liu B, Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu H, Yang Z, Yuan H, Jiang X, Jiang X. Abnormal changes in metabolites caused by m 6A methylation modification: The leading factors that induce the formation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and their promising potential for clinical application. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00159-0. [PMID: 38677545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation modifications have been widely implicated in the metabolic reprogramming of various cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are essential for meeting the demands of cellular growth and maintaining tissue homeostasis, enabling cells to adapt to the specific conditions of the TME. An increasing number of research studies have focused on the role of m6A modifications in glucose, amino acid and lipid metabolism, revealing their capacity to induce aberrant changes in metabolite levels. These changes may in turn trigger oncogenic signaling pathways, leading to substantial alterations within the TME. Notably, certain metabolites, including lactate, succinate, fumarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), glutamate, glutamine, methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, fatty acids and cholesterol, exhibit pronounced deviations from normal levels. These deviations not only foster tumorigenesis, proliferation and angiogenesis but also give rise to an immunosuppressive TME, thereby facilitating immune evasion by the tumor. AIM OF REVIEW The primary objective of this review is to comprehensively discuss the regulatory role of m6A modifications in the aforementioned metabolites and their potential impact on the development of an immunosuppressive TME through metabolic alterations. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review aims to elaborate on the intricate networks governed by the m6A-metabolite-TME axis and underscores its pivotal role in tumor progression. Furthermore, we delve into the potential implications of the m6A-metabolite-TME axis for the development of novel and targeted therapeutic strategies in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China; Department of Colorectal Anal Surgery, Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Junchen Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Shasha Xu
- Department of Gastroendoscopy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Meiqi Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Baiming Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Yihan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
| | - Hexue Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Anal Surgery, Shenyang Coloproctology Hospital, Shenyang 110002, China.
| | - Xiaodi Jiang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110020, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China.
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12
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Min J, Wu Y, Huang S, Li Y, Lv X, Tang R, Zhao H, Wang J. Serum cholesterol level as a predictive biomarker for prognosis of Neuroblastoma. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:205. [PMID: 38519890 PMCID: PMC10958969 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04700-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB), a type of solid tumor in children, has a poor prognosis. Few blood biomarkers can accurately predict the prognosis, including recurrence and survival, in children with NB. In this study, we found that the serum total cholesterol (Tchol) level was associated with the prognosis of patients through a retrospective study. METHODS Multivariate Cox regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors in the children with NB. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the correlation between the common biomarkers, including the serum Tchol level, and the prognosis of the patients. ROC curves were used to predict the accuracy of the International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stage and Children's Oncology Group (COG) risk stratification after adding the serum Tchol level. RESULTS Compared with the other patients, serum Tchol level was significantly increased in the relapsed and died patients (P < 0.05). Subsequently, serum Tchol level was found as an independent risk factor to affect the outcome of patients (P < 0.05). Finally, we added serum Tchol level into traditional stage and risk classification system to form the new INSS stage and COG risk classification system. It was found that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of recurrence-free survival in the new INSS stage and COG risk classification system were increased to 0.691 (95%CI: 0.535-0.847) and 0.748 (95%CI: 0.622-0.874), respectively. Moreover, the AUC areas of overall survival in the new INSS stage and COG risk classification system were increased to 0.722 (95%CI: 0.561-0.883) and 0.668 (95%CI: 0.496-0.819), respectively. CONCLUSION We found that serum Tchol level, a clinical biomarker, is a risk factor for recurrence and death among the children with NB. The serum Tchol level could significantly increase the accuracy of the prediction for NB prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Min
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shungen Huang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjing Lv
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruze Tang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - He Zhao
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Gao L. Cholesterol: A friend to viruses. Int Rev Immunol 2024; 43:248-262. [PMID: 38372266 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2024.2314577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a key life-sustaining molecule which regulates membrane fluidity and serves as a signaling mediator. Cholesterol homeostasis is closely related to various pathological conditions including tumor, obesity, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and viral infection. Viral infection disrupts host cholesterol homeostasis, facilitating their own survival. Meanwhile, the host cells strive to reduce cholesterol accessibility to limit viral infection. This review focuses on the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and the role of cholesterol in viral infection, specifically providing an overview of cholesterol as a friend to promote viral entry, replication, assembly, release and immune evasion, which might inspire valuable thinking for pathogenesis and intervention of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
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14
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Shao N, Qiu H, Liu J, Xiao D, Zhao J, Chen C, Wan J, Guo M, Liang G, Zhao X, Xu L. Targeting lipid metabolism of macrophages: A new strategy for tumor therapy. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00071-7. [PMID: 38373649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid metabolism has been implicated in a variety of normal cellular processes and strongly related to the development of multiple diseases, including tumor. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) has emerged as a crucial regulator in tumorigenesis and promising target for tumor treatment. AIM OF REVIEW A thorough understanding of TAM lipid metabolism and its value in tumorigenesis may provide new ideas for TAM-based anti-tumor therapy. Key scientific concepts of review: TAMs can be divided into two main types, M1-like TAMs and M2-like TAMs, which play anti-tumor and pro-tumor functions in tumor occurrence and development, respectively. Accumulating evidence has shown that lipid metabolic reprogramming, including fatty acid uptake and utilization, cholesterol expulsion, controls the polarization of TAMs and affects the tumorgenesis. These advances in uncovering the intricacies of lipid metabolism and TAMs have yielded new insights on tumor development and treatment. In this review, we aim to provide an update on the current understanding of the lipid metabolic reprogramming made by TAMs to adapt to the harsh tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, we emphasize that there is complex lipid metabolism connections between TAMs and distinct tumors, which influences TAM to bias from M1 to M2 phenotype in tumor progression, and ultimately promotes tumor occurrence and development. Finally, we discuss the existing issues on therapeutic strategies by reprogramming TAMs based on lipid metabolism regulation (or increasing the ratio of M1/M2-like TAMs) that could be applied in the future to clinical tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Hui Qiu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Daimin Xiao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Jiajia Wan
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Guiyou Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550031, China.
| | - Xu Zhao
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guizhou, Guiyang 550025, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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15
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He X, Barnett LM, Jeon J, Zhang Q, Alqahtani S, Black M, Shannahan J, Wright C. Real-Time Exposure to 3D-Printing Emissions Elicits Metabolic and Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:67. [PMID: 38251022 PMCID: PMC10818734 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printer usage in household and school settings has raised health concerns regarding chemical and particle emission exposures during operation. Although the composition of 3D printer emissions varies depending on printer settings and materials, little is known about the impact that emissions from different filament types may have on respiratory health and underlying cellular mechanisms. In this study, we used an in vitro exposure chamber system to deliver emissions from two popular 3D-printing filament types, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA), directly to human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) cultured in an air-liquid interface during 3D printer operation. Using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and an optical particle sizer (OPS), we monitored 3D printer particulate matter (PM) emissions in terms of their particle size distribution, concentrations, and calculated deposited doses. Elemental composition of ABS and PLA emissions was assessed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Finally, we compared the effects of emission exposure on cell viability, inflammation, and metabolism in SAEC. Our results reveal that, although ABS filaments emitted a higher total concentration of particles and PLA filaments emitted a higher concentration of smaller particles, SAEC were exposed to similar deposited doses of particles for each filament type. Conversely, ABS and PLA emissions had distinct elemental compositions, which were likely responsible for differential effects on SAEC viability, oxidative stress, release of inflammatory mediators, and changes in cellular metabolism. Specifically, while ABS- and PLA-emitted particles both reduced cellular viability and total glutathione levels in SAEC, ABS emissions had a significantly greater effect on glutathione relative to PLA emissions. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, MMP-9, and RANTES were significantly increased due to ABS emissions exposure. While IL-6 and IL-8 were stimulated in both exposure scenarios, VEGF was exclusively increased due to PLA emissions exposures. Notably, ABS emissions induced metabolic perturbation on amino acids and energy metabolism, as well as redox-regulated pathways including arginine, methionine, cysteine, and vitamin B3 metabolism, whereas PLA emissions exposures caused fatty acid and carnitine dysregulation. Taken together, these results advance our mechanistic understanding of 3D-printer-emissions-induced respiratory toxicity and highlight the role that filament emission properties may play in mediating different respiratory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia He
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Lillie Marie Barnett
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Jennifer Jeon
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Saeed Alqahtani
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.A.); (J.S.)
- Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutics Technologies Institute, Health Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marilyn Black
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; (S.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Christa Wright
- Chemical Insights Research Institute, UL Research Institutes, Marietta, GA 30067, USA; (X.H.); (L.M.B.); (J.J.); (Q.Z.); (M.B.)
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16
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Zeng GG, Lei Q, Jiang WL, Zhang XX, Nie L, Gong X, Zheng K. A new perspective on the current and future development potential of ABCG1. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102161. [PMID: 37875209 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
ABCG1 is an essential protein involved in the efflux of intracellular cholesterol to the extracellular space, thus playing a critical role in reducing cholesterol accumulation in neighboring tissues. Bibliometric analysis pertains to the interdisciplinary field of quantitative examination of diverse documents using mathematical and statistical techniques. It integrates the investigation of structural and temporal patterns in academic publications with an exploration of subject focus and forms of uncertainty. This research paper examines the historical evolution, current areas of interest, and future development trends of ABCG1 through bibliometric analysis. This study aims to offer readers insights into the research status and emerging trends of ABCG1, thereby assisting researchers in the exciting field to explore novel research avenues. Following rigorous selection, research on ABCG1 has remained highly active over the past two decades. ABCG1 has even started to emerge in previously unrelated fields, such as the field of cancer research. According to the analysis conducted by Citespace, a lot of keywords and influential citations were identified. ABCG1 has been found to establish a connection between cancer and cardiovascular disease, highlighting their interrelationship. This review aims to assist readers who have limited familiarity with ABCG1 research in gaining a rapid understanding of its developmental trajectory. Additionally, it aims to offer researchers potential areas of focus for future studies related to ABCG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Gui Zeng
- Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; 2020 Grade Excellent Doctor Class of Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qiong Lei
- Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Wan-Li Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Departments of Clinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xing-Xing Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Liluo Nie
- Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xianghao Gong
- Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Kang Zheng
- Affiliated Hengyang Hospital of Hunan Normal University & Hengyang Central Hospital, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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17
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Dong Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Rappaport D, Yang Z, Han M, Liu Y, Fu Z, Zhao X, Tang C, Shi C, Zhang D, Li D, Ni S, Li A, Cui J, Li T, Sun P, Benny O, Zhang C, Zhao K, Chen C, Jiang X. Intracavitary Spraying of Nanoregulator-Encased Hydrogel Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism of Glioma-Supportive Macrophage for Postoperative Glioblastoma Immunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2311109. [PMID: 38127403 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is notoriously resistant to immunotherapy due to its intricate immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Dysregulated cholesterol metabolism is implicated in the TME and promotes tumor progression. Here, it is found that cholesterol levels in GBM tissues are abnormally high, and glioma-supportive macrophages (GSMs), an essential "cholesterol factory", demonstrate aberrantly hyperactive cholesterol metabolism and efflux, providing cholesterol to fuel GBM growth and induce CD8+ T cells exhaustion. Bioinformatics analysis confirms that high 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) level in GBM tissues associates with increased cholesterol biosynthesis, suppressed tumoricidal immune response, and poor patient survival, and DHCR7 expression level is significantly elevated in GSMs. Therefore, an intracavitary sprayable nanoregulator (NR)-encased hydrogel system to modulate cholesterol metabolism of GSMs is reported. The degradable NR-mediated ablation of DHCR7 in GSMs effectively suppresses cholesterol supply and activates T-cell immunity. Moreover, the combination of Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) agonists significantly promotes GSM polarization to antitumor phenotypes and ameliorates the TME. Treatment with the hybrid system exhibits superior antitumor effects in the orthotopic GBM model and postsurgical recurrence model. Altogether, the findings unravel the role of GSMs DHCR7/cholesterol signaling in the regulation of TME, presenting a potential treatment strategy that warrants further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmin Dong
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yan Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Daniella Rappaport
- Harry W. and Charlotte Ullman Labov Chair in Cancer Studies, Fraunhofer Innovation Platform (FIP_DD@HUJI), Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine | Ein Karem Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Zhenmei Yang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Maosen Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Ying Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Zhipeng Fu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Chunwei Tang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Chongdeng Shi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Daizhou Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Dawei Li
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Shilei Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Anning Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250355, China
| | - Ofra Benny
- Harry W. and Charlotte Ullman Labov Chair in Cancer Studies, Fraunhofer Innovation Platform (FIP_DD@HUJI), Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine | Ein Karem Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Cai Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Chen Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
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18
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Zhang R, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Feng X, Liu X, Huo X, Sun J, Hao J. TRIM21-mediated Sohlh2 ubiquitination suppresses M2 macrophage polarization and progression of triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:850. [PMID: 38123542 PMCID: PMC10733312 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Lung metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the M2-like phenotype with potent immunosuppressive activity, and play a pro-tumor role in TNBC lung metastasis. Sohlh2 belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family. However, its role in macrophages polarization remains unknown, especially in TNBC progression. Here we demonstrated that Sohlh2 overexpression promoted M2 macrophage polarization. Moreover, high expression of Sohlh2 in M2-like macrophage enhanced TNBC cell growth, migration and lung metastasis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we revealed that Sohlh2 functioned through up-regulating LXRα, ABCA1, ABCG1 expression and disturbing the lipid homeostasis on the membrane of macrophages. Sohlh2 could directly bind to the promoter of LXRα and promote its transcription activity. E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 promoted Sohlh2 ubiquitination and degradation, and suppressed M2 macrophage polarization and TNBC progression. Collectively, our findings suggested that Sohlh2 in macrophage could be a novel therapeutic target for TNBC metastatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoning Feng
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xuyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiaoning Huo
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jinhao Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Jing Hao
- Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Liu L, Chen G, Gong S, Huang R, Fan C. Targeting tumor-associated macrophage: an adjuvant strategy for lung cancer therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274547. [PMID: 38022518 PMCID: PMC10679371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape for various types of cancer. Nevertheless, lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide due to the development of resistance in most patients. As one of the most abundant groups of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play crucial and complex roles in the development of lung cancer, including the regulation of immunosuppressive TME remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, neoangiogenesis, metastasis, and promotion of tumoral neurogenesis. Hence, relevant strategies for lung cancer therapy, such as inhibition of macrophage recruitment, TAM reprograming, depletion of TAMs, and engineering of TAMs for drug delivery, have been developed. Based on the satisfactory treatment effect of TAM-targeted therapy, recent studies also investigated its synergistic effect with current therapies for lung cancer, including immunotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) treatment, or photodynamic therapy. Thus, in this article, we summarized the key mechanisms of TAMs contributing to lung cancer progression and elaborated on the novel therapeutic strategies against TAMs. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of TAM targeting as adjuvant therapy in the current treatment of lung cancer, particularly highlighting the TAM-centered strategies for improving the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (anti-PD-1/PD-L1) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chunmei Fan
- *Correspondence: Chunmei Fan, ; Rongfu Huang,
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20
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Kopec M, Beton-Mysur K, Abramczyk H. Raman imaging and chemometric methods in human normal bronchial and cancer lung cells: Raman biomarkers of lipid reprogramming. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 257:105339. [PMID: 37748746 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an approach to study biochemical changes in human normal bronchial cells (BEpiC) and human cancer lung cells (A549) by Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging combined with chemometric methods. Based on Raman spectra and Raman imaging combined with chemometric methods we have proved that peaks at 845 cm-1, 2845 cm-1, 2936 cm-1, 1444 cm-1, 750 cm-1, 1126 cm-1, 1584 cm-1, can be treated as Raman biomarkers probing phosphorylation, lipid reprogramming, oxidative phosphorylation and changes in cholesterol and cytochrome in normal and cancer cells. Raman analysis of the bands at 845 cm-1, 2845 cm-1, 1444 cm-1, and 1126 cm-1 in human cancer lung cells and human normal bronchial cells demonstrate enhanced phosphorylation and triglycerides de novo synthesis, reduced levels of cholesterol and cytochrome c in cancer cells. The sensitivity is equal to 100% (nucleus), 87.5% (mitochondria), 100% (endoplasmic reticulum), 87.5% (lipid droplets), 87.5% (cytoplasm), 87.5% (cell membrane) for A549 cell line and 83.3% (nucleus), 100% (mitochondria), 83.3% (endoplasmic reticulum), 100% (lipid droplets), 100% (cytoplasm), 83.3% (cell membrane) for BEpiC. The values of specificity for cross-validation equal 93.4% (nucleus), 85.5% (mitochondria), 89.5% (endoplasmic reticulum), 90.8% (lipid droplets), 61.8% (cytoplasm), 94.7% (cell membrane) for A549 cell line and 88.5% (nucleus), 85.9% (mitochondria), 85.9% (endoplasmic reticulum), 97.4% (lipid droplets), 75.6% (cytoplasm), 92.3% (cell membrane) for BEpiC. We have confirmed that Raman spectroscopy methods combined with PLS-DA are useful tools to monitor changes in human cancer lung cells and human normal bronchial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kopec
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, Lodz 93-590, Poland.
| | - Karolina Beton-Mysur
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, Lodz 93-590, Poland
| | - Halina Abramczyk
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Wroblewskiego 15, Lodz 93-590, Poland
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21
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Shen K, Ke S, Chen B, Gao W. Integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing reveals the poor prognostic value of ABCA1 in gastric adenocarcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:189. [PMID: 37874419 PMCID: PMC10597929 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) is a potential prognostic marker for various tumor types. However, the biological effects and prognostic value of ABCA1 in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) remain unknown. METHODS GAC-associated single-cell RNA and bulk RNA-sequencing (bulk-seq) data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases, respectively. The differential expression of ABCA1 between GAC and normal gastric tissues was analyzed based on the bulk-seq data. Additionally, the relationship between ABCA1 expression and various clinicopathological features was explored. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to establish the prognostic value of ABCA1. The relationships between ABCA1 expression and anti-tumor drug sensitivity and immune checkpoints were also explored. Finally, the biological functions of ABCA1 were evaluated at the single-cell level, and in vitro studies were performed to assess the effects of ABCA1 on GAC cell proliferation and invasion. RESULTS ABCA1 expression is significantly elevated in GAC samples compared with that in normal gastric tissues. Clinical features and survival analysis revealed that high ABCA1 expression is associated with poor clinical phenotypes and prognosis, whereas Cox analysis identified ABCA1 as an independent risk factor for patients with GAC. Furthermore, high ABCA1 expression suppresses sensitivity to various chemotherapeutic drugs, including cisplatin and mitomycin, while upregulating immune checkpoints. ABCA1-overexpressing macrophages are associated with adverse clinical phenotypes in GAC and express unique ligand-receptor pairs that drive GAC progression. In vitro, ABCA1-knockdown GAC cells exhibit significantly inhibited proliferative and invasive properties. CONCLUSION High ABCA1 expression promotes an adverse immune microenvironment and low survival rates in patients with GAC. Furthermore, ABCA1 and ABCA1-producing macrophages may serve as novel molecular targets in GAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyu Shen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shuaiyi Ke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Xianju's Hospital, XianJu People's Hospital, Zhejiang Southeast Campus of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, XianJu, 317399, China
| | - Binyu Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wencang Gao
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
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22
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Liang P, Henning SM, Grogan T, Elashoff D, Said J, Cohen P, Aronson WJ. Effect of omega-3 fatty acid diet on prostate cancer progression and cholesterol efflux in tumor-associated macrophages-dependence on GPR120. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023:10.1038/s41391-023-00745-4. [PMID: 37872251 PMCID: PMC11035487 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical and clinical translational research supports the role of an ω-3 fatty acid diet for prostate cancer prevention and treatment. The anti-prostate cancer effects of an ω-3 diet require a functional host g-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) but the underlying effects on the tumor microenvironment and host immune system are yet to be elucidated. METHODS Friend leukemia virus B (FVB) mice received bone marrow from green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled GPR120 wild-type (WT) or knockout (KO) mice followed by implanting Myc-driven mouse prostate cancer (MycCap) allografts and feeding an ω-3 or ω-6 diet. Tumor associated immune cells were characterized by flow cytometry, and CD206+ tumor infiltrating M2-like macrophages were isolated for gene expression studies. MycCap prostate cancer cell conditioned medium (CM) was used to stimulate murine macrophage cells (RAW264.7) and bone marrow-derived (BMD) macrophages to study the effects of docosahexanoic acid (DHA, fish-derived ω-3 fatty acid) on M2 macrophage function and cholesterol metabolism. RESULTS The bone marrow transplantation study showed that an ω-3 as compared to an ω-6 diet inhibited MycCaP allograft tumor growth only in mice receiving GPR120 WT but not GPR120 KO bone marrow. In the ω-3 group, GPR120 WT BMD M2-like macrophages infiltrating the tumor were significantly reduced in number and gene expression of cholesterol transporters Abca1, Abca6, and Abcg1. RAW264.7 murine macrophages and BMDMs exposed to MycCaP cell CM had increased gene expression of cholesterol transporters, depleted cholesterol levels, and were converted to the M2 phenotype. These effects were inhibited by DHA through the GPR120 receptor. CONCLUSION Host bone marrow cells with functional GPR120 are essential for the anticancer effects of dietary ω-3 fatty acids, and a key target of the ω-3 diet are the M2-like CD206+ macrophages. Our preclinical findings provide rationale for clinical trials evaluating ω-3 fatty acids as a potential therapy for prostate cancer through inhibition of GPR120 functional M2-like macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liang
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tristan Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Said
- Department of Pathology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William J Aronson
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- VA Medical Center Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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23
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Jin J, Zhao Q, Wei Z, Chen K, Su Y, Hu X, Peng X. Glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis in immuno-oncology microenvironment: emerging role in immune cells and immunosuppressive signaling. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:189. [PMID: 37828561 PMCID: PMC10571292 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell proliferation and function require nutrients, energy, and biosynthesis activity to duplicate repertoires for each daughter. It is therefore not surprising that tumor microenvironment (TME) metabolic reprogramming primarily orchestrates the interaction between tumor and immune cells. Tumor metabolic reprogramming affords bioenergetic, signaling intermediates, and biosynthesis requirements for both malignant and immune cells. Different immune cell subsets are recruited into the TME, and these manifestations have distinct effects on tumor progression and therapeutic outcomes, especially the mutual contribution of glycolysis and cholesterol metabolism. In particularly, glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis interconnection plays a critical role in the TME modulation, and their changes in tumor metabolism appear to be a double-edged sword in regulating various immune cell responses and immunotherapy efficacy. Hence, we discussed the signature manifestation of the glycolysis-cholesterol metabolic axis and its pivotal role in tumor immune regulation. We also highlight how hypothetical combinations of immunotherapy and glycolysis/cholesterol-related metabolic interventions unleash the potential of anti-tumor immunotherapies, as well as developing more effective personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigong Wei
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Keliang Chen
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonglin Su
- Department of Rehabilitation, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xingchen Peng
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Li Z, Wang Y, Xing R, Zeng H, Yu XJ, Zhang YJ, Xu J, Zheng L. Cholesterol Efflux Drives the Generation of Immunosuppressive Macrophages to Promote the Progression of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1400-1413. [PMID: 37467346 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-22-0907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is often enriched in tumor microenvironment (TME); however, its impact on disease progression varies in different tissues and cells. Monocytes/macrophages (Mφ) are major components and regulators of the TME and play pivotal roles in tumor progression and therapeutic responses. We aimed to investigate the profile, effects, and regulatory mechanisms of Mφ cholesterol metabolism in the context of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we found that patients with high serum levels of cholesterol had shorter survival times and lower response rates to anti-PD-1 treatment. However, the cholesterol content in tumor-infiltrating monocytes/Mφ was significantly lower than that in their counterparts in paired nontumor tissues. The expression of the cholesterol efflux transporter, ABCA1, was upregulated in tumor monocytes/Mφ, and ABCA1 upregulation positively associated with decreased cellular cholesterol content and increased serum cholesterol levels. Mechanistically, autocrine cytokines from tumor-treated monocytes increased LXRα and ABCA1 expression, which led to the generation of immature and immunosuppressive Mφ. Although exogenous cholesterol alone had little direct effect on Mφ, it did act synergistically with tumor-derived factors to promote ABCA1 expression in Mφ with more immunosuppressive features. Moreover, high numbers of ABCA1+ Mφ in HCC tumors associated with reduced CD8+ T-cell infiltration and predicted poor clinical outcome for patients. Our results revealed that dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis, due to the collaborative effects of tumors and exogenous cholesterol, drives the generation of immunosuppressive Mφ. The selective modulation of cholesterol metabolism in Mφ may represent a novel strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xing
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huilan Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Juan Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yao-Jun Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Hwang BY, Seo JW, Muftuoglu C, Mert U, Guldaval F, Asadi M, Karakus HS, Goksel T, Veral A, Caner A, Moon MH. Salivary Lipids of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Show Perturbation with Respect to Plasma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14264. [PMID: 37762567 PMCID: PMC10531690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive lipid profile was analyzed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using nanoflow ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. This study investigated 297 and 202 lipids in saliva and plasma samples, respectively, comparing NSCLC patients to healthy controls. Lipids with significant changes (>2-fold, p < 0.05) were further analyzed in each sample type. Both saliva and plasma exhibited similar lipid alteration patterns in NSCLC, but saliva showed more pronounced changes. Total triglycerides (TGs) increased (>2-3-fold) in plasma and saliva samples. Three specific TGs (50:2, 52:5, and 54:6) were significantly increased in NSCLC for both sample types. A common ceramide species (d18:1/24:0) and phosphatidylinositol 38:4 decreased in both plasma and saliva by approximately two-fold. Phosphatidylserine 36:1 was selectively detected in saliva and showed a subsequent decrease, making it a potential biomarker for predicting lung cancer. We identified 27 salivary and 10 plasma lipids as candidate markers for NSCLC through statistical evaluations. Moreover, this study highlights the potential of saliva in understanding changes in lipid metabolism associated with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.H.); (J.W.S.)
| | - Jae Won Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.H.); (J.W.S.)
| | - Can Muftuoglu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Basic Oncology, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey; (C.M.); (M.A.)
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center, Ege University (EgeSAM), Izmir 35040, Turkey; (U.M.); (T.G.)
| | - Ufuk Mert
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center, Ege University (EgeSAM), Izmir 35040, Turkey; (U.M.); (T.G.)
- Ataturk Health Care Vocational School, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Filiz Guldaval
- Chest Disease Department, Izmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir 35170, Turkey;
| | - Milad Asadi
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Basic Oncology, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey; (C.M.); (M.A.)
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center, Ege University (EgeSAM), Izmir 35040, Turkey; (U.M.); (T.G.)
| | | | - Tuncay Goksel
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center, Ege University (EgeSAM), Izmir 35040, Turkey; (U.M.); (T.G.)
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey;
| | - Ali Veral
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey;
| | - Ayse Caner
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Basic Oncology, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey; (C.M.); (M.A.)
- Translational Pulmonary Research Center, Ege University (EgeSAM), Izmir 35040, Turkey; (U.M.); (T.G.)
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35040, Turkey
| | - Myeong Hee Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (B.Y.H.); (J.W.S.)
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Wang S, Yan W, Kong L, Zuo S, Wu J, Zhu C, Huang H, He B, Dong J, Wei J. Oncolytic viruses engineered to enforce cholesterol efflux restore tumor-associated macrophage phagocytosis and anti-tumor immunity in glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4367. [PMID: 37474548 PMCID: PMC10359270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The codependency of cholesterol metabolism sustains the malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM) and effective therapeutics remain scarce. In orthotopic GBM models in male mice, we identify that codependent cholesterol metabolism in tumors induces phagocytic dysfunction in monocyte-derived tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), resulting in disease progression. Manipulating cholesterol efflux with apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), a cholesterol reverse transporter, restores TAM phagocytosis and reactivates TAM-T cell antitumor immunity. Cholesterol metabolomics analysis of in vivo-sorted TAMs further reveals that ApoA1 mediates lipid-related metabolic remodeling and lowers 7-ketocholesterol levels, which directly inhibits tumor necrosis factor signaling in TAMs through mitochondrial translation inhibition. An ApoA1-armed oncolytic adenovirus is also developed, which restores antitumor immunity and elicits long-term tumor-specific immune surveillance. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms by which cholesterol metabolism impairs antitumor immunity in GBM and offer an immunometabolic approach to target cholesterol disturbances in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuguang Zuo
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Application, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huaping Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, Zhejiang, China
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bohao He
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiwu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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27
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Al-Fityan S, Diesel B, Fischer T, Ampofo E, Schomisch A, Mashayekhi V, Schneider M, Kiemer AK. Nanostructured Microparticles Repolarize Macrophages and Induce Cell Death in an In Vitro Model of Tumour-Associated Macrophages. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1895. [PMID: 37514081 PMCID: PMC10385046 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages (MΦs) in their pro-inflammatory state (M1) suppress tumour growth, while tumour-associated MΦs (TAMs) can promote tumour progression. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that targeted delivery of the immune activator poly(I:C) in aspherical silica microrods (µRs) can repolarize TAMs into M1-like cells. µRs (10 µm × 3 µm) were manufactured from silica nanoparticles and stabilized with dextran sulphate and polyethyleneimine. The THP-1 cell line, differentiated into MΦs, and primary human monocyte-derived MΦs (HMDMs) were treated with tumour-cell-conditioned medium (A549), but only HMDMs could be polarized towards TAMs. Flow cytometry and microscopy revealed elevated uptake of µRs by TAMs compared to non-polarized HMDMs. Flow cytometry and qPCR studies on polarization markers showed desirable effects of poly(I:C)-loaded MPs towards an M1 polarization. However, unloaded µRs also showed distinct actions, which were not induced by bacterial contaminations. Reporter cell assays showed that µRs induce the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Macrophages from Nlrp3 knockout mice showed that µRs in concentrations as low as 0.5 µR per cell can activate the inflammasome and induce cell death. In conclusion, our data show that µRs, even if unloaded, can induce inflammasome activation and cell death in low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Al-Fityan
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Britta Diesel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Thorben Fischer
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Annika Schomisch
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Vida Mashayekhi
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
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Xiao L, Wang Q, Peng H. Tumor-associated macrophages: new insights on their metabolic regulation and their influence in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1157291. [PMID: 37426676 PMCID: PMC10325569 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1157291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a dynamic and heterogeneous cell population of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that plays an essential role in tumor formation and progression. Cancer cells have a high metabolic demand for their rapid proliferation, survival, and progression. A comprehensive interpretation of pro-tumoral and antitumoral metabolic changes in TAMs is crucial for comprehending immune evasion mechanisms in cancer. The metabolic reprogramming of TAMs is a novel method for enhancing their antitumor effects. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent research on metabolic alterations of TAMs caused by TME, focusing primarily on glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism. In addition, this review discusses antitumor immunotherapies that influence the activity of TAMs by limiting their recruitment, triggering their depletion, and re-educate them, as well as metabolic profiles leading to an antitumoral phenotype. We highlighted the metabolic modulational roles of TAMs and their potential to enhance immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongling Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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29
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Fessler MB. We need to talk about lung cancer's cholesterol-hoarding problem. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:745-747. [PMID: 37267910 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative cells require excess cholesterol to support rapid membrane biogenesis. Using a mutant KRAS mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer, Guilbaud et al. show that lung cancers accumulate cholesterol by locally and distally reprogramming lipid trafficking and that cholesterol-removing interventions may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Fessler
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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30
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Wang Y, Guo Z, Isah AD, Chen S, Ren Y, Cai H. Lipid metabolism and tumor immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1187989. [PMID: 37261073 PMCID: PMC10228657 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1187989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between lipid metabolism and tumour immunotherapy has been thoroughly investigated. An increasing number of studies have shown that abnormal gene expression and ectopic levels of metabolites related to fatty acid synthesis or fatty acid oxidation affect tumour metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance. Tumour immunotherapy that aims to promote an antitumour immune response has greatly improved the outcomes for tumour patients. However, lipid metabolism reprogramming in tumour cells or tumour microenvironment-infiltrating immune cells can influence the antitumour response of immune cells and induce tumor cell immune evasion. The recent increase in the prevalence of obesity-related cancers has drawn attention to the fact that obesity increases fatty acid oxidation in cancer cells and suppresses the activation of immune cells, thereby weakening antitumour immunity. This article reviews the changes in lipid metabolism in cells in the tumour microenvironment and describes the relationship between lipid metabolism reprogramming in multiple cell types and tumour immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zongjin Guo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Shuangwei Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yongfei Ren
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Huazhong Cai
- Cancer Institute of Jiangsu University, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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31
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Hartmann P, Trufa DI, Hohenberger K, Tausche P, Trump S, Mittler S, Geppert CI, Rieker RJ, Schieweck O, Sirbu H, Hartmann A, Finotto S. Contribution of serum lipids and cholesterol cellular metabolism in lung cancer development and progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5662. [PMID: 37024569 PMCID: PMC10079859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoplasms of the lungs are the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Although immunotherapy has increased the overall survival of patients with lung cancer, there is the need to improve this treatment. At this regard, blood lipid levels are thought to be linked to cancer risk and thus a preventive intervention through regulation of the nutrition of patients with lung cancer is gaining much attention. In this study, we therefore asked about the contribution of serum lipids and cholesterol cellular metabolism in lung cancer development and progression. We measured different serum lipids and analyzed cholesterol synthesis enzymes 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) and acetyl-coenzyme A cholesterol acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) as well as the cholesterol cellular export protein ATP-binding cassette (ABC) A-1 mRNA by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the control and tumoral regions of post-surgery lung tissues to analyze the accumulation of cholesterol in cancer cells in a cohort of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We found that triglycerides in serum directly correlated with the body mass index (BMI) in patients with LUAD. By contrast, we found that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol inversely correlated with the BMI, C-reactive protein (CRP) and overall survival and total cholesterol inversely correlated with the tumor diameter, serum CRP and overall survival in these LUAD patients. Functionally, the role of cholesterol is indispensable for the growth and development of normal animal cells where it is tightly regulated. Excess of cellular cholesterol regulated by HMGCR is converted to cholesteryl esters by the enzyme ACAT1 and exported extracellularly by the cholesterol transporter ABCA1. Here we found HMGCR and ACAT1 upregulated and ABCA1 downregulated in the lung's tumoral region of our LUAD cohort, indicating cholesterol dysregulated cellular export in lung tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Denis I Trufa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katja Hohenberger
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Patrick Tausche
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Trump
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Mittler
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf J Rieker
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Schieweck
- Laboratory of Clinic Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Horia Sirbu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany.
- Laboratories of Cellular and Molecular Lung Immunology, Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Hartmannstraße 14, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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Qiao X, Hu Z, Xiong F, Yang Y, Peng C, Wang D, Li X. Lipid metabolism reprogramming in tumor-associated macrophages and implications for therapy. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:45. [PMID: 37004014 PMCID: PMC10064535 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01807-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumormicroenvironment (TME) plays a key role in tumor progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which are natural immune cells abundantin the TME, are mainly divided into the anti-tumor M1 subtype and pro-tumor M2 subtype. Due to the high plasticity of TAMs, the conversion of the M1 to M2 phenotype in hypoxic and hypoglycemic TME promotes cancer progression, which is closely related to lipid metabolism. Key factors of lipid metabolism in TAMs, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor and lipoxygenase, promote the formation of a tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and facilitate immune escape. In addition, tumor cells promote lipid accumulation in TAMs, causing TAMs to polarize to the M2 phenotype. Moreover, other factors of lipid metabolism, such as abhydrolase domain containing 5 and fatty acid binding protein, have both promoting and inhibiting effects on tumor cells. Therefore, further research on lipid metabolism in tumors is still required. In addition, statins, as core drugs regulating cholesterol metabolism, can inhibit lipid rafts and adhesion of tumor cells, which can sensitize them to chemotherapeutic drugs. Clinical studies on simvastatin and lovastatin in a variety of tumors are underway. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of lipid metabolism in TAMs in tumor progression, and provides new ideas for targeting lipid metabolism in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Qiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhangmin Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Fen Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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Russ E, Mikhalkevich N, Iordanskiy S. Expression of Human Endogenous Retrovirus Group K (HERV-K) HML-2 Correlates with Immune Activation of Macrophages and Type I Interferon Response. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0443822. [PMID: 36861980 PMCID: PMC10100713 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04438-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) comprise about 8.3% of the human genome and are capable of producing RNA molecules that can be sensed by pattern recognition receptors, leading to the activation of innate immune response pathways. The HERV-K (HML-2) subgroup is the youngest HERV clade with the highest degree of coding competence. Its expression is associated with inflammation-related diseases. However, the precise HML-2 loci, stimuli, and signaling pathways involved in these associations are not well understood or defined. To elucidate HML-2 expression on a locus-specific level, we used the retroelement sequencing tools TEcount and Telescope to analyze publicly available transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing data sets of macrophages treated with a wide range of agonists. We found that macrophage polarization significantly correlates with modulation of the expression of specific HML-2 proviral loci. Further analysis demonstrated that the provirus HERV-K102, located in an intergenic region of locus 1q22, constituted the majority of the HML-2 derived transcripts following pro-inflammatory (M1) polarization and was upregulated explicitly in response to interferon gamma (IFN-γ) signaling. We found that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and interferon regulatory factor 1 interact with a solo long terminal repeat (LTR) located upstream of HERV-K102, termed LTR12F, following IFN-γ signaling. Using reporter constructs, we demonstrated that LTR12F is critical for HERV-K102 upregulation by IFN-γ. In THP1-derived macrophages, knockdown of HML-2 or knockout of MAVS, an adaptor of RNA-sensing pathways, significantly downregulated genes containing interferon-stimulated response elements (ISREs) in their promoters, suggesting an intermediate role of HERV-K102 in the switch from IFN-γ signaling to the activation of type I interferon expression and, therefore, in a positive feedback loop to enhance pro-inflammatory signaling. IMPORTANCE The human endogenous retrovirus group K subgroup, HML-2, is known to be elevated in a long list of inflammation-associated diseases. However, a clear mechanism for HML-2 upregulation in response to inflammation has not been defined. In this study, we identify a provirus of the HML-2 subgroup, HERV-K102, which is significantly upregulated and constitutes the majority of the HML-2 derived transcripts in response to pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages. Moreover, we identify the mechanism of HERV-K102 upregulation and demonstrate that HML-2 expression enhances interferon-stimulated response element activation. We also demonstrate that this provirus is elevated in vivo and correlates with interferon gamma signaling activity in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients. This study provides key insights into the HML-2 subgroup and suggests that it may participate in enhancing pro-inflammatory signaling in macrophages and probably other immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Russ
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natallia Mikhalkevich
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sergey Iordanskiy
- Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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The Landscape of Lipid Metabolism in Lung Cancer: The Role of Structural Profiling. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051736. [PMID: 36902523 PMCID: PMC10002589 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between lipids with different structural features and lung cancer (LC) risk and identify prospective biomarkers of LC. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to screen for differential lipids, and two machine learning methods were used to define combined lipid biomarkers. A lipid score (LS) based on lipid biomarkers was calculated, and a mediation analysis was performed. A total of 605 lipid species spanning 20 individual lipid classes were identified in the plasma lipidome. Higher carbon atoms with dihydroceramide (DCER), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphoinositols (PI) presented a significant negative correlation with LC. Point estimates revealed the inverse associated with LC for the n-3 PUFA score. Ten lipids were identified as markers with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.947 (95%, CI: 0.879-0.989). In this study, we summarized the potential relationship between lipid molecules with different structural features and LC risk, identified a panel of LC biomarkers, and demonstrated that the n-3 PUFA of the acyl chain of lipids was a protective factor for LC.
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Xuan DTM, Yeh IJ, Su CY, Liu HL, Ta HDK, Anuraga G, Chiao CC, Wang CY, Yen MC. Prognostic and Immune Infiltration Value of Proteasome Assembly Chaperone (PSMG) Family Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:87-101. [PMID: 36619227 PMCID: PMC9812804 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.78590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) including many interacting biological processes makes it difficult to find therapeutic biomarkers for treatment. Previous studies demonstrated that PSMG (proteasome assembly chaperone) family members regulate the degradation of abnormal proteins. However, transcript expressions of this gene family in LUAD still need to be more fully investigated. Therefore, we used a holistic bioinformatics approach to explore PSMG genes involved in LUAD patients by integrating several high-throughput databases and tools including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. These data demonstrated that PSMG3 and PSMG4 were expressed at significantly higher levels in neoplastic cells than in normal lung tissues. Notably, increased expressions of these proteins were correlated with poor prognoses of lung cancer patients, which probably confirmed their fundamental roles in the staging of LUAD tumors. Meanwhile, it was also indicated that there were positive correlations between PSMG family genes and the immune response, metabolism of ubiquinone, cell cycle regulatory pathways, and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Wnt signaling. Experimental data also confirmed that the knockdown of PSMG4 in LUAD cell lines decreased cell proliferation and influenced expressions of downstream molecules. Collectively, this study revealed that PSMG family members are novel prognostic biomarkers for LUAD progression, which also provide new therapeutic targets of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Thi Minh Xuan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Jeng Yeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yu Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Liang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Ta
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Gangga Anuraga
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, PGRI Adi Buana University, East Java, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia
| | - Chung-Chieh Chiao
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chi Yen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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25-Hydroxycholesterol Mediates Cholesterol Metabolism to Restrict Porcine Deltacoronavirus Infection via Suppression of Transforming Growth Factor β1. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0219822. [PMID: 36314946 PMCID: PMC9769798 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02198-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus in pigs, is one of the major pathogens for lethal watery diarrhea in piglets and poses a threat to public health because of its potential for interspecies transmission to humans. 25-Hydroxycholesterol (25HC), a derivative of cholesterol, exhibits multiple potential modulating host responses to pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, as well as pathogen-induced inflammation, while its antiviral effect on PDCoV and how it mediates the biological process of host cells to counter against infections remain poorly understood. Here, we thoroughly explored the antiviral effect of 25HC on PDCoV infection and tried to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. 25HC showed no toxic effect in LLC-PK1 cells and exerted antiviral ability against PDCoV infection in vitro. The viral cycle and time-of-addition analyses showed that 25HC mainly restricted the early and middle periods of the PDCoV postentry stage to inhibit infection. 25HC regulated disordered cholesterol metabolism induced by PDCoV infection and stimulated interferon-related lipid droplet accumulation. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), screened by bioinformatic analyses, seemed to play an important role in PDCoV infection and was downregulated by 25HC. One interesting finding is that inhibition of TGF-β1 with the inhibitor asiaticoside exhibited a similar antiviral capacity to 25HC and demonstrated regulation of cholesterol metabolism. Taking all of the findings together, we verified the antiviral effect of 25HC on PDCoV through interference with cholesterol metabolism, which may be related to its suppression of TGFβ1. IMPORTANCE As an emerging enteropathogenic coronavirus in pigs, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) causes giant economic loss in the pig industry because of lethal diarrhea and possesses the potential for transmission from animals to humans. Several pieces of evidence have suggested the antiviral potential of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase and importance of cholesterol in viral infection. This study reports that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) significantly restricted PDCoV infection through modulation of cholesterol metabolism, and we identified that lipid droplets play important roles in interferon response against virus infection. Moreover, this study identified the importance of TGF-β1 in CoV infection by bioinformatic analysis and verified that the inhibition of TGF-β1 showed anti-PDCoV capacity. Moreover, we uncovered the relationship between TGF-β and cholesterol metabolism initially. Given that the importance of cholesterol in viral infection, 25HC has a great potential to treat PDCoV infection and TGF-β1 can be a crucial antiviral target.
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Photodynamic Therapy with Nebulized Nanocurcumin on A549 Cells, Model Vessels, Macrophages and Beyond. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122637. [PMID: 36559132 PMCID: PMC9781346 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the damage mechanisms caused by naturally targeted nanoarchaeosomes made of diether lipids from Halorubrum tebenquichense loaded with curcumin (CUR, nATC), which mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on A549 cells and on THP-1-macrophages, two cell types found in airway cancers. The effect of nATC- PDT on vessels modeled with a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), after dropping the formulations on its surface covered with mucins, was also determined. nATCs are known to efficiently trap CUR for at least six months, constituting easy-to-prepare, stable formulations suitable for nebulization. CUR instead, is easily released from carriers such as liposomes made of ordinary phospholipids and cholesterol after a few weeks. Irradiated at 9 J/cm2, nATC (made of archaeolipids: Tween 80: CUR at 1:0.4:0.04 w:w, size 180 ± 40 nm, ζ potential -24 mV, 150 μg CUR/15 mg lipids/mL) was phototoxic (3.7 ± 0.5 μM IC50), on A549 cells after 24 h. The irradiation reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), ATP levels and lysosomal functionalism, and caused early apoptotic death and late necrosis of A549 cells upon 24 h. nATC induced higher extra and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) than free CUR. nATC-PDT impaired the migration of A549 cells in a wound healing assay, reduced the expression of CD204 in THP-1 macrophages, and induced the highest levels of IL-6 and IL-8, suggesting a switch of macrophage phenotype from pro-tumoral M2 to antitumoral M1. Moreover, nATC reduced the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), -2 and -9 secretion, by A549 cells with independence of irradiation. Finally, remarkably, upon irradiation at 9 J/cm2 on the superficial vasculature of a CAM covered with mucins, nATC caused the vessels to collapse after 8 h, with no harm on non-irradiated zones. Overall, these results suggest that nebulized nATC blue light-mediated PDT may be selectively deleterious on superficial tumors submerged under a thick mucin layer.
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Wang Y, Wang D, Yang L, Zhang Y. Metabolic reprogramming in the immunosuppression of tumor-associated macrophages. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2405-2416. [PMID: 36385099 PMCID: PMC9945195 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an essential proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have immunosuppressive functions. The high plasticity and corresponding phenotypic transformation of TAMs facilitate oncogenesis and progression, and suppress antineoplastic responses. Due to the uncontrolled proliferation of tumor cells, metabolism homeostasis is regulated, leading to a series of alterations in the metabolite profiles in the TME, which have a commensurate influence on immune cells. Metabolic reprogramming of the TME has a profound impact on the polarization and function of TAMs, and can alter their metabolic profiles. TAMs undergo a series of metabolic reprogramming processes, involving glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways, which terminally promote the development of the immunosuppressive phenotype. TAMs express a pro-tumor phenotype by increasing glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, cholesterol efflux, and arginine, tryptophan, glutamate, and glutamine metabolism. Previous studies on the metabolism of TAMs demonstrated that metabolic reprogramming has intimate crosstalk with anti-tumor or pro-tumor phenotypes and is crucial for the function of TAMs themselves. Targeting metabolism-related pathways is emerging as a promising therapeutic modality because of the massive metabolic remodeling that occurs in malignant cells and TAMs. Evidence reveals that the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors is improved when combined with therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism-related pathways. In-depth research on metabolic reprogramming and potential therapeutic targets provides more options for anti-tumor treatment and creates new directions for the development of new immunotherapy methods. In this review, we elucidate the metabolic reprogramming of TAMs and explore how they sustain immunosuppressive phenotypes to provide a perspective for potential metabolic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center and Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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Xi B, Luo FZ, He B, Wang F, Li ZK, Lai MC, Zheng SS. High nuclear ABCG1 expression is a poor predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma patient survival. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2022; 21:370-377. [PMID: 35778316 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) regulates cellular cholesterol homeostasis and plays a significant role in tumor immunity. But, for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of ABCG1 has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value and clinicopathological significance of ABCG1 in HCC. METHODS One hundred and four adult patients with HCC were enrolled, and ABCG1 expression in paired HCC specimens was determined by immunohistochemistry. All these patients were stratified by ABCG1 expression, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare the overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), and Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of tumor recurrence. RESULTS Upregulation of ABCG1 was observed in HCC samples compared to matched tumor-adjacent tissues. Patients with high nuclear ABCG1 expression had lower OS and RFS (P = 0.012 and P = 0.020, respectively). High nuclear ABCG1 expression was related to larger tumor size (P = 0.004) and tumor recurrence (P = 0.027). Although ABCG1 was expressed in the cytoplasm, cytosolic expression could not predict the outcome in patients with HCC. A new stratification pattern was established based on the heterogenous ABCG1 expression pattern: high risk (Highnucleus/Lowcytosol), moderate risk (Highnucleus/Highcytosol or Lownucleus/Lowcytosol), and low risk (Lownucleus/Highcytosol). This ABCG1-based risk stratification could distinguish the different OS and RFS in patients with HCC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that ABCG1 high risk was an independent predictor of poor RFS (P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS High nuclear ABCG1 expression indicates poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Asymmetric distribution of ABCG1 in the nucleus and cytoplasm may have an important role in tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Fang-Zhou Luo
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Bin He
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ze-Kuan Li
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ming-Chun Lai
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shu-Sen Zheng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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40
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Schymik HS, Dahlem C, Barghash A, Kiemer AK. Comment on: The m6A Reader IGF2BP2 Regulates Macrophage Phenotypic Activation and Inflammatory Diseases by Stabilizing TSC1 and PPARγ. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104372. [PMID: 35038236 PMCID: PMC8922093 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, first insights into the regulation and the role of the RNA-binding protein IMP2 in macrophage activation have been published by Wang et al. This study addresses differences in the regulation of IMP2 between the human and murine system. While the expression of IMP2 in anti-inflammatory macrophages is synchronous in mice and men, IMP2 expression is regulated differently in inflammatory macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna S. Schymik
- Department of PharmacyPharmaceutical BiologySaarland UniversitySaarbruecken66123Germany
| | - Charlotte Dahlem
- Department of PharmacyPharmaceutical BiologySaarland UniversitySaarbruecken66123Germany
| | - Ahmad Barghash
- School of Electrical Engineering and Information TechnologyGerman Jordanian UniversityAmman11180Jordan
| | - Alexandra K. Kiemer
- Department of PharmacyPharmaceutical BiologySaarland UniversitySaarbruecken66123Germany
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Lee-Rueckert M, Lappalainen J, Kovanen PT, Escola-Gil JC. Lipid-Laden Macrophages and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis and Cancer: An Integrative View. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:777822. [PMID: 35237673 PMCID: PMC8882850 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.777822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic arterial plaques and malignant solid tumors contain macrophages, which participate in anaerobic metabolism, acidosis, and inflammatory processes inherent in the development of either disease. The tissue-resident macrophage populations originate from precursor cells derived from the yolk sac and from circulating bone marrow-derived monocytes. In the tissues, they differentiate into varying functional phenotypes in response to local microenvironmental stimulation. Broadly categorized, the macrophages are activated to polarize into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes; yet, noticeable plasticity allows them to dynamically shift between several distinct functional subtypes. In atherosclerosis, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-derived cholesterol accumulates within macrophages as cytoplasmic lipid droplets thereby generating macrophage foam cells, which are involved in all steps of atherosclerosis. The conversion of macrophages into foam cells may suppress the expression of given proinflammatory genes and thereby initiate their transcriptional reprogramming toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype. In this particular sense, foam cell formation can be considered anti-atherogenic. The tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may become polarized into anti-tumoral M1 and pro-tumoral M2 phenotypes. Mechanistically, the TAMs can regulate the survival and proliferation of the surrounding cancer cells and participate in various aspects of tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. The TAMs may accumulate lipids, but their type and their specific roles in tumorigenesis are still poorly understood. Here, we discuss how the phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages allows their multifunctional response to the distinct microenvironments in developing atherosclerotic lesions and in developing malignant tumors. We also discuss how the inflammatory reactions of the macrophages may influence the development of atherosclerotic plaques and malignant tumors, and highlight the potential therapeutic effects of targeting lipid-laden macrophages in either disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Petri T. Kovanen
- Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- *Correspondence: Petri T. Kovanen
| | - Joan Carles Escola-Gil
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain
- Joan Carles Escola-Gil
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Gunda V, Genaro-Mattos TC, Kaushal JB, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Natarajan G, Mallya K, Grandgenett PM, Mirnics K, Batra SK, Korade Z, Rachagani S. Ubiquitous Aberration in Cholesterol Metabolism across Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010047. [PMID: 35050168 PMCID: PMC8779872 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by metabolic deregulations that often manifest as deviations in metabolite levels and aberrations in their corresponding metabolic genes across the clinical specimens and preclinical PC models. Cholesterol is one of the critical metabolites supporting PC, synthesized or acquired by PC cells. Nevertheless, the significance of the de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway has been controversial in PC, indicating the need to reassess this pathway in PC. We utilized preclinical models and clinical specimens of PC patients and cell lines and utilized mass spectrometry-based sterol analysis. Further, we also performed in silico analysis to corroborate the significance of de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway in PC. Our results demonstrated alteration in free sterol levels, including free cholesterol, across in vitro, in vivo, and clinical specimens of PC. Especially, our sterol analyses established consistent alterations in free cholesterol across the different PC models. Overall, this study demonstrates the significance and consistency in deviation of cholesterol synthesis pathway in PC while showing the aberrations in sterol metabolite intermediates and the related genes using preclinical models, in silico platforms, and the clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Gunda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Thiago C. Genaro-Mattos
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (T.C.G.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Jyoti B. Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Paul M. Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Karoly Mirnics
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (T.C.G.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zeljka Korade
- Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(402)559-3312; Fax: +1-(402)559-6650
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King RJ, Singh PK, Mehla K. The cholesterol pathway: impact on immunity and cancer. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:78-92. [PMID: 34942082 PMCID: PMC8812650 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a multifaceted metabolite that is known to modulate processes in cancer, atherosclerosis, and autoimmunity. A common denominator between these diseases appears to be the immune system, in which many cholesterol-associated metabolites impact both adaptive and innate immunity. Many cancers display altered cholesterol metabolism, and recent studies demonstrate that manipulating systemic cholesterol metabolism may be useful in improving immunotherapy responses. However, cholesterol can have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles in mammals, acting via multiple immune cell types, and depending on context. Gaining mechanistic insights into various cholesterol-related metabolites can improve our understanding of their functions and extensive effects on the immune system, and ideally will inform the design of future therapeutic strategies against cancer and/or other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. King
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Correspondence: Pankaj K. Singh, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.559.2726, FAX: 402-559-2813 and Kamiya Mehla, Ph.D., Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.836.9117, FAX: 402-559-2813
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Correspondence: Pankaj K. Singh, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.559.2726, FAX: 402-559-2813 and Kamiya Mehla, Ph.D., Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.836.9117, FAX: 402-559-2813
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Statins and Bempedoic Acid: Different Actions of Cholesterol Inhibitors on Macrophage Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212480. [PMID: 34830364 PMCID: PMC8623589 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins represent the most prescribed class of drugs for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Effects that go beyond lipid-lowering actions have been suggested to contribute to their beneficial pharmacological properties. Whether and how statins act on macrophages has been a matter of debate. In the present study, we aimed at characterizing the impact of statins on macrophage polarization and comparing these to the effects of bempedoic acid, a recently registered drug for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, which has been suggested to have a similar beneficial profile but fewer side effects. Treatment of primary murine macrophages with two different statins, i.e., simvastatin and cerivastatin, impaired phagocytotic activity and, concurrently, enhanced pro-inflammatory responses upon short-term lipopolysaccharide challenge, as characterized by an induction of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL) 1β, and IL6. In contrast, no differences were observed under long-term inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) conditions, and neither inducible NO synthase (iNOS) expression nor nitric oxide production was altered. Statin treatment led to extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) activation, and the pro-inflammatory statin effects were abolished by ERK inhibition. Bempedoic acid only had a negligible impact on macrophage responses when compared with statins. Taken together, our data point toward an immunomodulatory effect of statins on macrophage polarization, which is absent upon bempedoic acid treatment.
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