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Thiagarajan V, Nah T, Xin X. Impacts of atmospheric particulate matter deposition on phytoplankton: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175280. [PMID: 39122032 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In many rapidly urbanizing and industrializing countries, atmospheric pollution causes severe environmental problems and compromises the health of humans and ecosystems. Atmospheric emissions, which encompass gases and particulate matter, can be transported back to the earth's surface through atmospheric deposition. Atmospheric deposition supplies chemical species that can serve as nutrients and/or toxins to aquatic ecosystems, resulting in wide-ranging responses of aquatic organisms. Among the aquatic organisms, phytoplankton is the basis of the aquatic food web and is a key player in global primary production. Atmospheric deposition alters nutrient availability and thus influences phytoplankton species abundance and composition. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological responses of phytoplankton resulting from the atmospheric deposition of trace metals, nitrogen-containing compounds, phosphorus-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds in particulate matter into aquatic ecosystems. Knowledge gaps and critical areas for future studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Thiagarajan
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Theodora Nah
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Xiaying Xin
- Beaty Water Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Okereafor U, Makhatha M, Mekuto L, Uche-Okereafor N, Sebola T, Mavumengwana V. Toxic Metal Implications on Agricultural Soils, Plants, Animals, Aquatic life and Human Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072204. [PMID: 32218329 PMCID: PMC7178168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The problem of environmental pollution is a global concern as it affects the entire ecosystem. There is a cyclic revolution of pollutants from industrial waste or anthropogenic sources into the environment, farmlands, plants, livestock and subsequently humans through the food chain. Most of the toxic metal cases in Africa and other developing nations are a result of industrialization coupled with poor effluent disposal and management. Due to widespread mining activities in South Africa, pollution is a common site with devastating consequences on the health of animals and humans likewise. In recent years, talks on toxic metal pollution had taken center stage in most scientific symposiums as a serious health concern. Very high levels of toxic metals have been reported in most parts of South African soils, plants, animals and water bodies due to pollution. Toxic metals such as Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Aluminium (Al), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Arsenic (As) are major mining effluents from tailings which contaminate both the surface and underground water, soil and food, thus affecting biological function, endocrine systems and growth. Environmental toxicity in livestock is traceable to pesticides, agrochemicals and toxic metals. In this review, concerted efforts were made to condense the information contained in literature regarding toxic metal pollution and its implications in soil, water, plants, animals, marine life and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchenna Okereafor
- Department of Metallurgy, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-7475-16904
| | - Mamookho Makhatha
- Department of Metallurgy, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
| | - Lukhanyo Mekuto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
| | - Nkemdinma Uche-Okereafor
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; (N.U.-O.); (T.S.)
| | - Tendani Sebola
- Department of Biotechnology & Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa; (N.U.-O.); (T.S.)
| | - Vuyo Mavumengwana
- South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
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de Souza RB, Moreira-de-Sousa C, Ansoar-Rodríguez Y, Coelho MPM, de Souza CP, Bueno OC, Fontanetti CS. Histopatology and HSP70 analysis of the midgut of Rhinocricus padbergi (Diplopoda) in the evaluation of the toxicity of two new metallic-insecticides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:3023-3033. [PMID: 31838689 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Millipedes are organisms of the edaphic fauna and have been used as bioindicators for the evaluation of pollutants in the environment, as they are in constant contact with the soil. This study used the millipede Rhinocricus padbergi as surrogate to evaluate the toxicity of two metallic-insecticides that has been developed for leaf-cutting ants management. Millipedes were exposed in terrariums containing different concentrations of the metallic-insecticides and, after periods of 21 and 90 days, three individuals from each terrarium were dissected in order to remove the midgut, the organ where absorption of nutrients and, consequently, toxic substances occurs. The toxic action of the metallic-insecticides was analyzed through qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of morphophysiological alterations and by quantitative analysis of the HSP70 stress protein. The results showed that the metallic-insecticides may increase HSP70 labeling, although not at all concentrations and periods of exposure. Histopathological alterations were not significant at any concentration, indicating that the cytoprotective action of HSP70 is able to prevent severe damage to the midgut. It is therefore suggested that the metallic-insecticides are not toxic to the species studied here as no toxicity was observed under the conditions tested. In addition, stress protein localization in midgut helps understand how morphophysiological processes can potentially be affected by pesticide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael B de Souza
- Institute of Bioscience, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil.
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Odair Correa Bueno
- Institute of Bioscience, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmem S Fontanetti
- Institute of Bioscience, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
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Krüger AL, Snyman R, Odendaal J. The impact of urban pollution on metal contamination of selected forest pockets in Cape Town, South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:12537-12549. [PMID: 30847819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04679-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urban forests are exposed to metals, such as manganese, copper, and zinc in the atmosphere that originate from anthropogenic activities, that include vehicle-related traffic, industries, construction sites, fossil fuel burning for heating and cooking purposes, and resuspension processes related to urban surfaces. Not only is the rich biodiversity of plant and animal species in forests under threat, but so are the biodiversity of soil, sustaining ecosystem functions, as well as human health. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the concentrations of manganese, copper, and zinc arising from urban, industrial, and traffic-related pollution in the remote and/or untouched urban indigenous forests using soil, leaf litter, and key forest organisms (mosses, lichens, and millipedes) in three forests (Platbos, Orange Kloof, and Newlands) in the Western Cape, South Africa. Elevated concentrations of these metals were found in the forests closest to the city, as well as at sites in close proximity of vehicle traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Liese Krüger
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
| | - Reinette Snyman
- Department of Conservation and Marine Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - James Odendaal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Studies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
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Buch AC, Sisinno CLS, Correia MEF, Silva-Filho EV. Food preference and ecotoxicological tests with millipedes in litter contaminated with mercury. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 633:1173-1182. [PMID: 29758869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, various guidelines and directives for human health and the environment aim to reduce anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emission. Forest ecosystems are natural sinks of this element, transferring it from the atmosphere to litter and soil. Millipedes play an important role in litter/soil and may be negatively affected by contamination. As a pioneering contribution to ecotoxicological test guidelines with millipedes in litter, the present study evaluated food preference of millipedes and mercury toxicity, to prevent interference of food types in toxicity responses. Four food preference tests were performed with Trigoniulus corallinus and Rhinocricus padbergi in relation to leaf morphology, leaf fragmentation level and palatability/nutritional quality. Ecotoxicological effects on these animals were evaluated with increasing concentrations of HgCl2 spiked in litter. In both species, Hg concentrations were measured in repugnatorial glands, casts, exoskeleton and gut. In 28day trials, high bioaccumulation factors (BAF) of Hg were found in gut (= 56), exoskeleton (= 49) and casts (= 39) of R. padbergi. BAFs in the gut, exoskeleton and casts of T. corallinus were lower: 52, 45 and 32, respectively. Mortality tests indicated higher sensitivity of T. corallinus to Hg, compared with R. padbergi. Regarding leaf morphology, lanceolate, linear, obovate and ovate leaf shapes and entire margin were preferred by both species. Although higher biomass gain for both species was observed by ingestion of smaller fragmentation stages, T. corallinus preferred more fragmented leaves while R. padbergi consumed more leaves with lower fragmentation level. Both species preferred and grew better in cellulose-rich litter with lower lignin content corresponding to the mixed litter, over single species leaves of Myrceugenia scutellata and Inga edulis. Therefore, future ecological tests with millipedes should consider the use of entire leaves with less irregular shapes, and higher cellulose and lower lignin contents, to provide ideal conditions for millipede growth and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Cristhy Buch
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Lúcia Silveira Sisinno
- SoloTox Consulting, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho 791, Biotechnology Center, University City, Ilha do Fundão, 21910-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho
- Department of Environmental Geochemistry, Fluminense Federal University, Outeiro São João Baptista, s/n., Centro, 24020-007 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Yang F, Xie S, Wei C, Liu J, Zhang H, Chen T, Zhang J. Arsenic characteristics in the terrestrial environment in the vicinity of the Shimen realgar mine, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 626:77-86. [PMID: 29335176 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, multiple types of samples, including soils, plants, litter and soil invertebrates, were collected from a former arsenic (As) mine in China. The total As concentrations in the soils, earthworms, litter and the aboveground portions of grass from the contaminated area followed the decreasing order of 83-2224 mg/kg, 31-430 mg/kg, 1-62 mg/kg and 2-23 mg/kg, respectively. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis revealed that the predominant form of As in the soils was arsenate (As(V)), while no arsenite (As(III)) was detected. In the grass and litter of the native plant community, inorganic As species (As(V) and As(III)) were the main species, while minor amounts of DMA, MMA, AsC, and an unknown As species were also detected in the extracts analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). The As speciation and As concentrations varied with the plant species, and very high As levels (197-584 mg/kg) and proportions of inorganic As (>99%) were found in two As-hyperaccumulating ferns, Pteris vittata and Pteris cretica. The major As species extracted from earthworms were inorganic, with proportions of 51-53% As(III) and 38-48% As(V). AsB was the only organic species present in the earthworm samples, although at low proportions (<8.99%). The internal bioconversion of other As species is hypothesized to contribute greatly to the formation and accumulation of AsB in earthworms, although the direct external absorption of organic As from soils might be another source. This study sheds light on the potential sources of complex organoarsenicals, such as AsB, in terrestrial organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Yang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaowen Xie
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Tao Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Coelho MPM, Moreira-de-Sousa C, de Souza RB, Ansoar-Rodríguez Y, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Fontanetti CS. Toxicity evaluation of vinasse and biosolid samples in diplopod midgut: heat shock protein in situ localization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22007-22017. [PMID: 28785943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of residues generated by agricultural, urban and industrial activities are dumped daily on the soil. This practice deserves special attention because it causes serious environmental problems. This study evaluated the toxic potential of the sugarcane vinasse, a by-product of the sugar-alcohol industry, and the biosolid, a residue produced by wastewater treatment plants, both widely used as fertilizers. The evaluation was performed through bioassays using a typical soil bioindicator, the diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi. The specimens were exposed to soils containing these residues in concentrations that are compatible with the Brazilian regulation for agricultural use. Semi-quantitative immunolabelling analyses of the stress protein HSP70 were performed on the midgut of the studied diplopods. There was a significant increase in the immunolabelling of HSP70 proteins as a response to xenobiotics from both residues, particularly in regions where the function of the cells is the detoxification of the organ (e.g. the hepatic cell layer and specific regions of the epithelium). Higher immunolabelling was observed in the specimens exposed to vinasse in comparison with the biosolid exposure. This demonstrates that the substances in the tested residues had proteotoxic action in the exposed animals and induced a cytoprotective response, which led to higher stress protein immunolabelling. Therefore, caution is needed for the use of such residues in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paula Mancini Coelho
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Cristina Moreira-de-Sousa
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Raphael Bastão de Souza
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Yadira Ansoar-Rodríguez
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | | | - Carmem Silvia Fontanetti
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP (São Paulo State University), Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil.
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de Souza CP, Guedes TDA, Fontanetti CS. Evaluation of herbicides action on plant bioindicators by genetic biomarkers: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:694. [PMID: 27888426 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of pesticides has increased worldwide, owing to the demand for products of good quality and to satisfy a growing population. Herbicides represent almost half of the total amount of pesticides used. Although important to the reduction of costs and an increase of productivity, their indiscriminate use, as well as that of the other pesticides, is a global environmental problem, since they affect the living organisms. To evaluate the damage caused by herbicides to the environment, different organisms have been used as bioindicators, especially higher plants, due to several advantages. This is a literature review on herbicidal actions in plant bioindicators, as assessed by genetic biomarkers. Also, the present manuscript aimed to characterize the main organisms (Allium cepa, Vicia faba and Tradescantia spp.) and the most used biomarkers (mitotic index, chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, sister chromatid exchange and mutations). We concluded that herbicides induce cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in the assessed bioindicators. The data corroborate the existing warnings of the risks that the indiscriminate and increasing use of pesticides poses to the environment and its biodiversity.
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Christofoletti CA, Francisco A, Pedro-Escher J, Gastaldi VD, Fontanetti CS. Diplopods as Soil Bioindicators of Toxicity After Application of Residues From Sewage Treatment Plants and Ethanol Industry. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2016; 22:1098-1110. [PMID: 27786153 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616011739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Residues like sewage sludge and vinasse have been reused as agricultural fertilizers, but they also present a potential to contaminate soils. Diplopods have been considered excellent bioindicators of soil contamination. In the present study, Rhinocricus padbergi were used to assess toxicity in samples of sewage sludge, biosolids, and sugarcane vinasse. The behavioral analysis, mortality rate, and histological, histochemical, and ultrastructural analyses of the midgut of diplopods were the parameters evaluated. Behaviorally, some diplopods avoided burying themselves after 30 days in soil with biosolid or vinasse. Besides, certain residue combinations were able to cause death of all individuals between 60 and 90 days of exposure. The main tissue responses were significant brush border thickening, induction of epithelial renovation, clustering of hemocytes, accumulation of cytoplasmic granules in hepatic cells, hepatic cells with heteropycnotic nuclei, and cytoplasmic degradation. Alterations were observed at various levels among treatments with different samples and exposure times. Ultrastructural analysis revealed elongation of microvilli coated with a layer of an amorphous substance, resulting in a thicker brush border as observed in the histological analysis. After 30 days of exposure, animals showed an accumulation of spherocrystals in hepatic cells and high absorption of substances, based on the elongation of microvilli. Results obtained in the chemical analysis and the behaviors observed in diplopods suggest that animals processed the residues. Therefore, caution should be exercised in the disposal of these residues in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintya A Christofoletti
- 1UNESP (São Paulo State University),Institute of Biosciences,Department of Biology,Av. 24-A,n°1515,13506-900,Rio Claro,São Paulo,Brazil
| | - Annelise Francisco
- 1UNESP (São Paulo State University),Institute of Biosciences,Department of Biology,Av. 24-A,n°1515,13506-900,Rio Claro,São Paulo,Brazil
| | - Janaína Pedro-Escher
- 1UNESP (São Paulo State University),Institute of Biosciences,Department of Biology,Av. 24-A,n°1515,13506-900,Rio Claro,São Paulo,Brazil
| | - Vinícius D Gastaldi
- 1UNESP (São Paulo State University),Institute of Biosciences,Department of Biology,Av. 24-A,n°1515,13506-900,Rio Claro,São Paulo,Brazil
| | - Carmem S Fontanetti
- 1UNESP (São Paulo State University),Institute of Biosciences,Department of Biology,Av. 24-A,n°1515,13506-900,Rio Claro,São Paulo,Brazil
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Corrêa Martins MN, de Souza VV, Souza TDS. Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of sewage sludge on higher plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:489-496. [PMID: 26643763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sewage treatment yields sludge, which is often used as a soil amendment in agriculture and crop production. Although the sludge contains elevated concentrations of macro and micronutrients, high levels of inorganic and organic compounds with genotoxic and mutagenic properties are present in sludge. Application of sludge in agriculture is a pathway for direct contact of crops to toxic chemicals. The objective of this study was to compile information related to the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of sewage sludge in different plant species. In addition, data are presented on toxicological effects in animals fed with plants grown in soils supplemented with sewage sludge. Despite the benefits of using sewage sludge as organic fertilizer, the data showcased in this review suggest that this residue can induce genetic damage in plants. This review alerts potential risks to health outcomes after the intake of food cultivated in sewage sludge-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nilza Corrêa Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, CEP 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Victor Ventura de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, CEP 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Tatiana da Silva Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, CEP 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, CEP 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
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11
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Lucisine P, Lecerf A, Danger M, Felten V, Aran D, Auclerc A, Gross EM, Huot H, Morel JL, Muller S, Nahmani J, Maunoury-Danger F. Litter chemistry prevails over litter consumers in mediating effects of past steel industry activities on leaf litter decomposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 537:213-224. [PMID: 26282755 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution has adverse effects on the performance and life history traits of microorganisms, plants, and animals, yet evidence indicates that even the most polluted sites can support structurally-complex and dynamic ecosystems. The present study aims at determining whether and how litter decomposition, one of the most important soil ecological processes leaf, is affected in a highly trace-metal polluted site. We postulated that past steel mill activities resulting in soil pollution and associated changes in soil characteristics would influence the rate of litter decomposition through two non-exclusive pathways: altered litter chemistry and responses of decomposers to lethal and sub-lethal toxic stress. We carried out a litter-bag experiment using Populus tremula L. leaf litter collected at, and allowed to decompose in, a trace metal polluted site and in three unpolluted sites used as controls. We designed a fully-factorial transplant experimental design to assess effects of litter origin and exposure site on the rate of litter decomposition. We further determined initial litter chemistry, fungal biomass, mesofauna abundance in litter bags, and the soil macrofauna community. Irrespective of the site of litter exposure, litter originating from the polluted site had a two-fold faster decomposition than litter from the unpolluted sites. Litter chemistry, notably the lignin content, seemed most important in explaining the degradation rate of the leaf litter. Abundance of meso and macro-detritivores was higher at the polluted site than at the unpolluted sites. However, litter decomposition proceeded at similar rates in polluted and unpolluted sites. Our results show that trace metal pollution and associated soil and litter changes do not necessarily weaken consumer control on litter decomposition through lethal and sub-lethal toxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Lucisine
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Antoine Lecerf
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, CNRS UMR 5245, Université Toulouse III, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Michaël Danger
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Vincent Felten
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Delphine Aran
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Apolline Auclerc
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRA UMR 1120, Université ́de Lorraine, 2, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Elisabeth M Gross
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Hermine Huot
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRA UMR 1120, Université ́de Lorraine, 2, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Louis Morel
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, INRA UMR 1120, Université ́de Lorraine, 2, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Serge Muller
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France
| | - Johanne Nahmani
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul Valéry Montpellier - EPHE, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Florence Maunoury-Danger
- Laboratoire interdisciplinaire des environnements continentaux, CNRS UMR 7360, Université de Lorraine, 8, rue du général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France.
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Francisco A, Christofoletti CA, Righetto Neto N, Fontanetti CS. Histopathological changes in the perivisceral fat body of Rhinocricus padbergi (Diplopoda, Spirobolida) triggered by biosolids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:18590-18600. [PMID: 26396012 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Human activities generate a great amount of sewage daily, which is dumped into the sewer system. After sewage-treatment processes, sewage sludge is generated. Such byproduct can be treated by different methods; the result of treatment is a stabilized compost of reduced pathogenicity that has a similar inorganic chemical composition to the raw sewage sludge. After such pretreatment, sewage sludge is called a biosolids, and it can be used in agriculture. In this contest, the present study evaluated the effects of a sample of biosolids on the perivisceral fat body of a diplopod. These invertebrates are soil organisms that play an important role in the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems, and as a consequence, they are in contact with xenobiotics present in this environmental compartment. Special emphasis is given on the interpretation of the effects of complex mixtures in target organs of diplopods. A semiquantitative analysis for the evaluation of histopathological changes in the perivisceral fat body was proposed. The sample-induced histopathological and ultrastructural changes in individuals exposed to it, and the severity of the effects was positively related to the exposure time, resulting in the deaths of exposed individuals after 90 days. Thus, the results indicate the need for caution in the use of biosolids as well as the need for improving waste management techniques, so they will produce environmentally innocuous final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Francisco
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, n°1515, CP 199, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nilton Righetto Neto
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, n°1515, CP 199, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Carmem Silvia Fontanetti
- UNESP, São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, n°1515, CP 199, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
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