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Braga APA, de Souza LR, Lima MGF, de Moraes Cunha Gonçalves M, Marin-Morales MA. A study on phytogenotoxicity induced by biogenic amines: cadaverine and putrescine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33328-4. [PMID: 38622416 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33328-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Among the compounds present in necro-leachate, a liquid released during the process of decomposition of the human body, are the biogenic amines cadaverine and putrescine. Although some studies on necro-leachate have indicated a potential ecotoxicological and public health risk associated with it, the research on this type of contamination is still rather limited. This study presents information about the phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic potential of cadaverine and putrescine, evaluated separately and within a mixture. Phytotoxicity was evaluated through a germination test, the initial growth of seedlings with Lactuca sativa, and cytogenotoxicity through chromosomal aberration and micronucleus tests with Allium cepa. The L. sativa results showed a phytotoxic effect for the evaluated amines, by reducing root (> 90%) and hypocotyl (> 80%) elongation. The co-exposure of cadaverine and putrescine potentiated cytogenotoxic activity by aneugenic action in the meristematic cells of A. cepa. From this result, it is possible to infer the eco-toxicogenic potential of cadaverine and putrescine. This study not only highlights the importance of the phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic effects of these amines but also emphasizes the urgent need for further investigation into contamination originating from cemetery environments. By evaluating the risks associated with necro-leachate, this research is aimed at informing global efforts to protect ecological and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Andrade Braga
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Avenue 24-A, P.O Box 178, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 151513506-900, Brazil.
| | - Letícia Rosa de Souza
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Avenue 24-A, P.O Box 178, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 151513506-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela Franco Lima
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Avenue 24-A, P.O Box 178, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 151513506-900, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University, Avenue 24-A, P.O Box 178, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 151513506-900, Brazil
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Carraturo F, Siciliano A, Giordano A, Di Capua F, Barone F, Casaletta E, Cicotti F, Guida M, Adani F. Ecotoxicological assessment of waste-derived organic fertilizers and long-term monitoring of fertilized soils using a multi-matrix and multi-species approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169341. [PMID: 38097080 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the ecotoxicity of 7 biofertilizers, including biowaste-derived organic matrices. Real-field tests were conducted to assess the impacts of soil fertilization with sewage sludge digestate from high-solid thermophilic anaerobic digestion (HSTAD) compared to those obtained on non-amended and urea-fertilized soils. The physical-chemical and ecotoxic impact of HSTAD digestate on soil was monitored for 12 months, at 5 time points and 2 soil depths, on a maize field divided in 3 portions (non-treated, fertilized with urea, amended with digestate). The chemical and physical characteristics of the soil were previously analyzed for 3 years to provide a long-term outlook of the impacts of biofertilizer application. Seven bioindicators were utilized for direct (on whole soil) and indirect (on soil elutriates) ecotoxicological tests on fertilizers and amended soils, including plant seeds (Lepidium sativum, Sorghum saccharatum, and Sinapsis alba), the aquatic organism Daphnia magna, the alga Raphidocelis subcapitata, the luminescent bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri, and the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. No serious negative effects on soil fertilized with HSTAD digestate were evidenced. Conversely, bioassays rather showed positive effects, encouraging the utilization of HSTAD digestate in agriculture, considering the proper concentrations of use. The obtained data were interpolated and a test battery integrated index was generated, confirming the absence of ecotoxicological risk for the soils amended with the applied fertilizers. The long-term evolution of the physical-chemical soil characteristics (including the concentrations of potential contaminants) was similar for both HSTAD digestate and urea application as well as for non-fertilized soil, indicating no negative effects due to digestate application on land. On the contrary, digestate application improved the content of stabilized organic matter and nutrients in soil. This study proposes a more correct approach to ecotoxicity assessment of fertilized soils for biofertilizer evaluation and demonstrates the long-term safe application of HSTAD digestate on agricultural soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Carraturo
- Hygiene Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, NA, Naples 80146, Italy
| | - Antonietta Siciliano
- Hygiene Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, NA, Naples 80146, Italy
| | - Andrea Giordano
- Acqua & Sole s.r.l., Via Giulio Natta, Vellezzo Bellini, 27010 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Di Capua
- School of Engineering, University of Basilicata, via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Federica Barone
- Acqua & Sole s.r.l., Via Giulio Natta, Vellezzo Bellini, 27010 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Casaletta
- Agromatrici s.r.l., Gruppo Fratelli Visconti, Via Vittor Pisani 20, 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavia Cicotti
- Hygiene Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Hygiene Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Hygiene Laboratory, Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), University of Naples Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, NA, Naples 80146, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla Lab., DISAA, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Mazzeo DEC, Dombrowski A, Oliveira FA, Levy CE, Oehlmann J, Marchi MRR. Endocrine disrupting activity in sewage sludge: Screening method, microbial succession and cost-effective strategy for detoxification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 330:117207. [PMID: 36621316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge (SS) presents a high agronomic potential due to high concentrations of organic matter and nutrients, encouraging its recycling as a soil conditioner. However, the presence of toxic substances can preclude this use. To enable the safe disposal of this waste in agriculture, SS requires additional detoxification to decrease the environmental risks of this practice. Although some alternatives have been proposed in this sense, little attention is provided to eliminating endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). To fill this gap, this study aimed to develop effective and low-cost technology to eliminate EDCs from SS. For this, a detoxification process combining microorganisms and biostimulating agents (soil, sugarcane bagasse, and coffee grounds) was performed for 2, 4, and 6 months with aerobic and anaerobic SSs. The (anti-)estrogenic, (anti-)androgenic, retinoic-like, and dioxin-like activities of SSs samples were verified using yeast-based reporter-gene assays to prove the effectiveness of the treatments. A fractionation procedure of samples, dividing the target sample extract into several fractions according to their polarity, was conducted to decrease the matrix complexity and facilitate the identification of EDCs. A decrease in the abundance and microbial diversity of the SS samples was noted along the biostimulation with the predominance of filamentous fungal species over yeasts and gram-positive bacteria and non-fermenting rods over enterobacteria. Among the 9 EDCs quantified by LC-ESI-MS/MS, triclosan and alkylphenols presented the highest concentrations in both SS. Before detoxification, the studied SSs induced significant agonistic activity, especially at the human estrogen receptor α (hERα) and the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The raw anaerobic sludge also activated the androgen (hAR), retinoic acid (RARα), and retinoid X (RXRα) receptors. However, no significant endocrine-disrupting activities were observed after the SS detoxification, showing that the technology applied here efficiently eliminates receptor-mediated toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dânia Elisa C Mazzeo
- Department of Biotechnology and Plant and Animal Production, Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCAR, Araras, Brazil.
| | - Andrea Dombrowski
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Flávio Andrade Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Alexander Fleming, 105, 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Emílio Levy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Rua Alexander Fleming, 105, 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mary Rosa R Marchi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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de Souza RB, de Souza CP, Guimarães JR. Environmentally realistic concentrations of eprinomectin induce phytotoxic and genotoxic effects in Allium cepa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:80983-80993. [PMID: 35727508 PMCID: PMC9209316 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Eprinomectin, a veterinary drug within the family of avermectins, is widely used in the agricultural sector to combat a variety of parasites, mainly nematodes. However, only 10% of the drug is metabolized in the organism, so large quantities of the drug are released into the environment through urine and/or feces. Soil is the first and main environmental compartment to be contaminated by it, and nontargeted organisms can be affected. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the phytotoxicity (through the evaluation of germination, root development, and germination speed) and genotoxicity (through an assessment of the induction of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations) of eprinomectin. For the analyses, Allium cepa seeds were germinated in soil contaminated with a range of concentrations of eprinomectin: from 0.5 to 62.5 μg/g for the genotoxicity test and from 0.5 to 128.0 μg/g for the phytotoxicity test. The results showed that seed germination was not affected, but root development was affected at concentrations of 0.5 μg/g, 1.0 μg/g, 4.0 μg/g, 8.0 μg/g, 64.0 μg/g, and 128.0 μg/g, and germination speed was significantly changed at concentrations of 1.0 μg/g, 4.0 μg/g, 16.0 μg/g, 32.0 μg/g, and 64.0 μg/g. Significant differences in the mitotic index and genotoxicity index were observed only at concentrations of 2.5 μg/g and 12.5 μg/g, respectively. Only the 0.5 μg/g concentration did not show significant induction of micronuclei in the meristematic cells, but the damage observed at other concentrations did not persist in F1 cells. According to the results, eprinomectin is both phytotoxic and genotoxic, so the release of eprinomectin into the environment should be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael B de Souza
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | - José Roberto Guimarães
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Santos T, Sommaggio LRD, Marin-Morales MA. Phyto-genotoxicity assessment of different associations between sludges from Water and Sewage Treatment Plants, before and after the bioremediation process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:40029-40040. [PMID: 35118590 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water Treatment Plants (WTP) and Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) generate residues known as sludge (WS and SS, respectively). SS and WS present some positive characteristics for reuse in agriculture. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, using the Allium cepa test, the effectiveness of the bioremediation process in the detoxification of SS and WS sludges. In this study, the phytotoxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic potentials of pure sludge samples (WS and SS) were evaluated, as well as the association of these two sludges with soil (S), before and after the bioremediation process. In the T0 period (before undergoing bioremediation), the SS, SS + S, and SS + WS samples totally inhibited the germination of A. cepa, proving the high phytotoxic potential of these samples. For the T1 period (after 6 months of bioremediation), phytotoxicity was observed for the SS, SS + S, SS + WS, and SS + WS + S samples, but there was not a complete inhibition of germination and radicles growth, allowing the evaluation of the other parameters (cytogenotoxic and mutagenic potential). No cytotoxicity was observed for any sample, both in T0 and T1. As for the genotoxicity parameter, a significant result was observed for the pure WS sample in T0 and for all samples in T1, when compared to NC. The genotoxic alteration most found in meristematic cells exposed to treatments was of binucleated cells. Mutagenic potential was also observed for samples of WS and WS + S in T0. From this study, we can conclude that, after six months of bioremediation, despite the SS phytotoxicity being reduced, all samples were genotoxic to the A. cepa organism test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Santos
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, Rio Claro, SP, 1515, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Laís Roberta Deroldo Sommaggio
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, Rio Claro, SP, 1515, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, Rio Claro, SP, 1515, 13506-900, Brazil.
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Pantano G, Mazzeo DEC, Rocha THDS, Marin-Morales MA, Fadini PS, Mozeto AA. Toxicity of the sawdust used for phosphorus recovery in a eutrophic reservoir: experiments with Lactuca sativa and Allium cepa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:18276-18283. [PMID: 33410013 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11868-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is one of the environmental problems arising from the increase of essential nutrient concentrations, mainly phosphorus and nitrogen. In contrast to excess phosphorus, the depletion of phosphate rock deposits used for the production of fertilizers compromises the food supply. Therefore, the development of technologies that propose the recovery of the phosphorus contained in eutrophic environments for its later use for agricultural fertilization purposes is very important to ensure global food security. This work aimed to evaluate the toxic potential of the sawdust (biosorbent previously used for phosphorus adsorption) in order to enable its application in agriculture. For this, toxicity experiments with Lactuca sativa (lettuce) and Allium cepa (onion) seeds were performed. The phytotoxic potential was assessed by means of the seed germination index and physiological parameters such as radicle and hypocotyl growth. Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity tests were also performed on onion seeds. From statistical tests, it was possible to affirm that the sawdust did not promote inhibition of seed germination and radicle and hypocotyl growth. No genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and, mutagenicity were observed, which allowed to state that the sawdust is not toxic to the onion species, which reinforces the possibility of application of the biosorbent for soil fertilization purposes. Therefore, the use of sawdust for phosphorus biosorption with the subsequent agricultural application is promising and quite important from a global food security point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia Pantano
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Thais Helena Dos Santos Rocha
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental - Núcleo de Estudos, Diagnósticos e Intervenções Ambientais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro Sergio Fadini
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental - Núcleo de Estudos, Diagnósticos e Intervenções Ambientais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Antonio Aparecido Mozeto
- Laboratório de Biogeoquímica Ambiental - Núcleo de Estudos, Diagnósticos e Intervenções Ambientais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
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Mazzeo DEC, Misovic A, Oliveira FA, Levy CE, Oehlmann J, de Marchi MRR. Effects of biostimulation by sugarcane bagasse and coffee grounds on sewage sludges, focusing agricultural use: Microbial characterization, respirometric assessment and toxicity reduction. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 118:110-121. [PMID: 32892088 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge (SS) exhibits a relevant agronomic potential due to the high content of organic matter and nutrients. However, the presence of several toxic substances can prevent its agricultural application. This study evaluated if the incorporation of stimulating agents (coffee grounds and sugarcane bagasse) could contribute to an effective increase of the SS biodegradability in order to decrease its toxicity. The samples were prepared mixing aerobic or anaerobic sludge with soil, soil and bagasse, and soil and coffee grounds. Respirometric tests showed that stimulating agents enhanced the CO2 production. However, in terms of biodegradation efficiency, more satisfactory results were verified for the anaerobic SS, especially when mixed with coffee grounds. The biodegradation also favored the SS sanitization, eliminating the Enterobacteria. For baseline toxicity (Microtox with Aliivibrio fischeri) and phytotoxicity (Lactuca sativa), all the initial samples showed higher effects. Nevertheless, after the biodegradation, this toxicity was significantly decreased and the best results were obtained for the mixtures containing only soil and sludge. For the AREc32 assay (NRF2 mediated oxidative stress response), although a very weak response was observed, this effect was attenuated for the aerobic SS or completely eliminated for the anaerobic SS after the biodegradation. Thus, even though the use of biostimulation agents during the biodegradation led to an enhancement of microbial respiration, their incorporation to the samples do not seem to interfere in the decrease of the toxic potential of the studied SSs. However, the SS biodegradation in aerobiosis was crucial for toxicity reduction and to accelerate its maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Misovic
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Flávio Andrade Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Emílio Levy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mary Rosa Rodrigues de Marchi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Souza PMS, Sommaggio LRD, Marin-Morales MA, Morales AR. PBAT biodegradable mulch films: Study of ecotoxicological impacts using Allium cepa, Lactuca sativa and HepG2/C3A cell culture. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:126985. [PMID: 32445994 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable mulch films are an alternative to polyethylene films used in agriculture for weed control, improving crop productivity. This change could minimize the residue production and costs related to the final disposal. Nevertheless, the environmental safety of these biodegradable products is scarcely investigated. In this work, samples of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)-PBAT mulch films, with and without UV stabilizer additives, were prepared. Aqueous extracts of soil samples, where mulch films were disposed, were investigated using bioassays with Lactuca sativa, Allium cepa, and cell culture HepG2/C3A. As PBAT is expected to suffer photodegradation and biodegradation, soil samples mixed with films before and after these processes were evaluated. Soil aqueous extracts promoted root grown (mainly hypocotyl) of L. sativa, probably due to presence of nutrients. So, to evaluate toxicity potential, in this case it was necessary to use aqueous extract prepared with soil instead of ultrapure water as the control. After doing this analysis it was observed that no adverse impacts due to PBAT films occurred. No chromosomal abnormalities were observed in A. cepa bioassay for any of tested samples. The absence of genotoxic potential was confirmed by comet assay and micronucleus test using human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2/C3A. These results showed that the soil did not induce damage to the tested organisms, before and after degradation of PBAT films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Moraes Sinohara Souza
- Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess, School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Rita Morales
- Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess, School of Chemical Engineering, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Awasthi SK, Sarsaiya S, Awasthi MK, Liu T, Zhao J, Kumar S, Zhang Z. Changes in global trends in food waste composting: Research challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 299:122555. [PMID: 31866141 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing food waste (FW) generation has put significant pressure on the environment and has increased the global financial costs of its appropriate management. Among the traditional organic waste recycling technologies (i.e., incineration, landfilling and anaerobic digestion), composting is an economically feasible and reliable technology for FW recycling regardless of its technical flaws and social issues. The global scenario of FW generation, technical advancement in FW composting and essential nutrient recovery from organic waste with waste recycling are discussed in this article. Recent research on various strategies to improve FW composting, including co-composting, the addition of organic/inorganic additives, the mitigation of gaseous emission, and microbiological variations are comprehensively explained. Subsequently, it is shown that the performing FW composting in an existing mechanical facility can improve organic waste degradation and produce value-added mature compost to save on costs and increase the technological feasibility and viability of FW composting to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Albert K, Hsieh PY, Chen TH, Hou CH, Hsu HY. Diatom-assisted biomicroreactor targeting the complete removal of perfluorinated compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121491. [PMID: 31690504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have been recognized as a global environmental issue. Developing methods without leading to additional burden in nature will be essential for PFCs removal. Herein, we functionalized iron nanoparticles on living diatom (Dt) to efficiently enable the Fenton reaction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Iron nanoparticles at the surface of living diatom act as promising catalytic agents to trigger OH radical generation from H2O2. Dt plays dual roles: i) as solid support for effective adsorption, and ii) it supplies oxygen and inherently produces ROS under stress conditions, which improves removal efficiency of PFCs. We also demonstrated its reusability by simple magnetic separation and 85% of decomposition efficiency could still be achieved. This newly developed diatom-assisted bioremediation strategy enables green and efficient PFC decomposition and shall be readily applicable to other persistent pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karunya Albert
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Hsieh
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Hsuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Hou
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4. Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Hsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao-Tung University, No.1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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11
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Mercado SAS, Caleño JDQ. Cytotoxic evaluation of glyphosate, using Allium cepa L. as bioindicator. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134452. [PMID: 31629268 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is a chemical compound used mainly as a broad spectrum herbicide, it is recognized for its proven effectiveness and easy handling. It represents more than 60% of the world market of non-selective herbicides and is used in both agricultural fields and family gardens. The present study was designed to test the cytogenotoxic potential of glyphosate using the Allium cepa test as toxicity bioindicator. Consequently, bulbs of A. cepa were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate (5, 10, 15, 25 and 30 mgL-1) and a control (deionized water), for 72 h; root development was also studied in this period of time. The cytogenotoxic potential of glyphosate was determined by calculating the mitotic index (MI), cellular anomalies (CA) and registering the roots longitudinal growth at 24, 48 and 72 h. Regarding root development, a greater growth was observed in the control treatment in the three measurement times. The mitotic phases analysis, determined that the higher the concentration, the lower the mitotic index, in addition the inhibition of the telophase Mitotic Index (TMI) was observed in any of the concentrations. The results indicate that the exposure to glyphosate of A. cepa meristematic cells induces diverse types of chromosomal anomalies, such as micronuclei (MN), chromosome breaking (CB), nuclear notch (Nn), among others. Therefore, in demonstrates that glyphosate has a highly cytogenotoxic effect for any of the concentrations used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seir Antonio Salazar Mercado
- Department of Biology, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Avenida Gran Colombia No. 12E-96B Colsag, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia.
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Brisolara KF, Bourgeois J. Biosolids and sludge management. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2019; 91:1168-1176. [PMID: 31433899 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The advancements in the field of sludge and biosolids have been made over the past year. This review outlines the major contributions of researchers that have been published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings throughout 2018. The review is organized in sections including regulatory developments and market analysis; analysis and quantification of characteristics including microconstituents and metals; treatment advances for the conversion of sludge to biosolids including pretreatment and sludge minimization, conditioning and dewatering, digestion, composting, and innovative technologies; product development and reuse including adsorbents and thermal products, agricultural and other uses, and innovative uses; odor and air emissions; and energy factors. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Summary of advances in the field of residuals and biosolids research in 2018. This review outlines the major contributions of researchers that have been published in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings. Topics covered range from regulation to innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Bourgeois
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Sant' Anna D, Sampaio JLM, Sommaggio LRD, Mazzeo DEC, Marin-Morales MA, Marson FAL, Levy CE. The applicability of gene sequencing and MALDI-TOF to identify less common gram-negative rods (Advenella, Castellaniella, Kaistia, Pusillimonas and Sphingobacterium) from environmental isolates. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2019; 113:233-252. [PMID: 31560092 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-019-01333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to identify less common non-fermenting gram-negative rods during the bioremediation process. Five genera were found: Advenella, Castellaniella, Kaistia, Pusillimonas and Sphingobacterium, for a total of 15 isolates. Therefore, we evaluated the applicability of four methods currently available for bacteria identification: (1) conventional biochemical methods, (2) the VITEK®-2 system, (3) MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and (4) 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The biochemical methods and the VITEK®-2 system were reliable only for the Sphingobacterium isolate and solely at the genus level. Both MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry platforms (Bruker and VITEK® MS) did not achieve reliable identification results for any of these genera. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified eight isolates to the species level but not to the subspecies level, when applicable. The remaining seven isolates were reliably identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing to the genus level only. Our findings suggest that the detection and identification of less common genera (and species) that appeared at certain moments during the bioremediation process can be a challenge to microbiologists considering the most used techniques. In addition, more studies are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Sant' Anna
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jorge Luiz Mello Sampaio
- Microbiology Section, Fleury-Centers for Diagnostic Medicine, Av. General Waldomiro de Lima 508, São Paulo, 04344-070, Brazil
- Clinical Analysis and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Butantã, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Lais Roberta Deroldo Sommaggio
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - Rio Claro, Av. 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University - Araraquara, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-060, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University - Rio Claro, Av. 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Augusto Lima Marson
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Physiology, Center for Pediatrics Investigation, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, São Francisco University, Avenida São Francisco de Assis, 218, Cidade Universitária, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, 12916-400, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Emílio Levy
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887, Brazil.
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Bertan AS, Baumbach FP, Tonial IB, Pokrywiecki TS, Düsman E. Assessment of phytoremediation potencial of Allium cepa L. in raw sewage treatment. BRAZ J BIOL 2019; 80:431-436. [PMID: 31291405 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.214278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Whereas the effects of the substances found in domestic sewage on live organisms is important to evaluate the use of plants to remove pollutants from the environment. The objective of this study was to assess the phytoremediation activity of Allium cepa L. (onion) roots exposed to raw sewage, as well as the acute toxic activity of this effluent for the bioindicators A. cepa, through a cytotoxicity test, and Artemia salina L., through a mortality/immobility test. The physicochemical assessments of the sewage were conducted in two scenarios: immediately after collection and after being in contact with onion roots (phytoremediation) for 24 hours. The physicochemical data indicate there was a reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus levels and in biochemical oxygen demand in sewage treated. The results from the cytotoxicity test with A. cepa indicated a reduction in the mitotic cell divisions of the onions treated with the raw sewage. The mortality/immobility test with A. salina indicated that the concentrations with 50 and 100% of raw sewage induced the mortality of the nauplii. Thus, the data suggest new studies that seek greater efficiency, efficacy and viability of onion phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Bertan
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Linha Santa Bárbara, s/n, CEP 85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brasil
| | - F P Baumbach
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Linha Santa Bárbara, s/n, CEP 85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brasil
| | - I B Tonial
- Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Linha Santa Bárbara, s/n, CEP 85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brasil
| | - T S Pokrywiecki
- Departamento de Engenharia Ambiental, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Linha Santa Bárbara, s/n, CEP 85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brasil
| | - E Düsman
- Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná - UTFPR, Linha Santa Bárbara, s/n, CEP 85601-970, Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brasil
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Caritá R, Mazzeo DEC, Marin-Morales MA. Comparison of the toxicogenetic potential of sewage sludges from different treatment processes focusing agricultural use. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:21475-21483. [PMID: 31127510 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05453-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A problem that has been dragging in recent decades is the final disposal of the waste produced in the wastewater treatment process. In addition to its high amount of organic matter and nutrients, this waste, known as sewage sludge (SS), may also contain toxic compounds that, when in the environment, can cause deleterious effects to organisms and lead to severe and irreversible consequences to human health. In order to understand the potential of inducing cellular and chromosomal instabilities, the species Allium cepa was employed to assess the presence of toxic agents in SS samples. Seeds of A. cepa were exposed to several dilutions of aqueous extract of SSs from 5 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), whose characteristics of treated sewage and the technologies employed differ among them. The results obtained showed that all the studied SSs induced significant genotoxic and mutagenic alterations, even in smaller dilutions tested. With these results, it was also possible to observe that SSs from WWTPs that present system of activated sludge and receive sewage of industrial origin induced a greater number of toxicogenetic alterations in the test organism. The high frequencies of chromosomal and nuclear aberrations observed, induced by contaminants present in the SS, represent worrying results because it proves a direct action of this agent on the genetic material of the exposed organism. Therefore, the agronomic application of SS in agriculture requires additional and more effective technologies in order to promote its complete decontamination and its safe disposal in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Caritá
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, 1515, CP 199, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Av. 24-A, 1515, CP 199, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil.
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Bhat SA, Cui G, Li F, Vig AP. Biomonitoring of genotoxicity of industrial wastes using plant bioassays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Khallef M, Benouareth DE, Konuk M, Liman R, Bouchelaghem S, Hazzem S, Kerdouci K. The effect of silver nanoparticles on the mutagenic and the genotoxic properties of the urban wastewater liquid sludges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18403-18410. [PMID: 31049867 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are very effective compounds to transform and detoxicate common environmental contaminants. For this reason, crude urban liquid wastewater sludges were treated by silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs, 100 nm) for 24 h. Both Ag-NPs' treated and untreated sludges were examined for the evaluation if there are possible mutagenic/anti-mutagenic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic/anti-genotoxic effects by Ames and Allium cepa tests. The results were then subjected to statistical analyses by using SPSS software and p < 0.05 was accepted as a significant value. The data obtained from the Ames test showed that while untreated crude liquid sludge had a significant mutagenic effect, Ag-NP-treated one decreased its mutagenicity. Similar effects were also observed in the chromosome aberration-Allium cepa tests. Significant chromosome aberrations observed were C-metaphase, sticky metaphase, sticky anaphase, anaphase bridge, vagrant chromosome, and multipolar anaphases. Both tests demonstrated that silver nanoparticle treatment decreased the major mutagenicity and genotoxicity detected in the liquid wastewater sludges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Messaouda Khallef
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, 24000, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Djamel Eddine Benouareth
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, 24000, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Muhsin Konuk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Üsküdar University, Altunizade, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Recep Liman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Usak University, 64200, Usak, Turkey
| | - Sara Bouchelaghem
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, 24000, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Sara Hazzem
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, 24000, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Khadra Kerdouci
- Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, BP 401, 24000, Guelma, Algeria
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Salazar-Mercado SA, Torres-León CA, Rojas-Suárez JP. Cytotoxic evaluation of sodium hypochlorite, using Pisum sativum L as effective bioindicator. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 173:71-76. [PMID: 30769205 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of different sodium hypochlorite concentrations, using apical root cells of P. sativum as a bioindicator. Initially, the seeds of P. sativum were exposed to different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 2 mg L-1) and to a control solution based on distilled water. Next, root growth was measured during 24, 48 and 72 h. Subsequently, the mitotic index (MI) and cellular anomalies (5000 cells per treatment) were determined at 72 h. According to the results obtained, a decrease in root growth was observed at concentrations of 0.4, 1.6 and 2 mg L-1. Likewise, it was evident that, among all the evaluated concentrations, an inhibition of mitosis higher than 50% was presented. Additionally, chromosomal anomalies were also generated, such as Nuclear notch, lagging chromosomes and Chromosomal break, which were present in all the concentrations evaluated. In addition, the presence of micronuclei at concentrations of 2.0 and 1.6 mg L-1 indicate that sodium hypochlorite is a highly cytotoxic substance. Therefore, P. sativum is a specie that offers a feasible experimental model to be implemented in the laboratory with the aim to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of any cytotoxic substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seir Antonio Salazar-Mercado
- Department of Biology, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Avenida Gran Colombia No. 12E-96B Colsag, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia.
| | | | - Jhan Piero Rojas-Suárez
- Department of Civil Constructions, Roads, Transportation, Hydraulics and Fluids, Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Colombia.
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Urban RC, Isaac RDL. WTP and WWTP sludge management: a case study in the metropolitan area of Campinas, southeastern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:584. [PMID: 30209625 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Disposal of sludges generated at water treatment plants (WTPs) and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in highly urbanized regions challenges water industry. Legal restrictions based on public health and sustainability push managers forward in order to find beneficial use markets rather than deficit and high-cost landfilling. A GIS-based linear optimization method for sludge management was firstly proposed. The metropolitan area of Campinas belongs to the watershed of the rivers Piracicaba, Capivari, and Jundiaí (PCJ), which comprises 76 municipalities, representing over 5 million urban consumers, supplied by 100 WTPs and 116 WWTPs. An assessment of soils feasibility for WWTP sludge reception was carried out. The beneficial uses assumed to be the best for WTP and WWTP sludges were, respectively, addition in the industrial process of ceramic bricks manufacture, and application on sugarcane crop areas for ethanol production. Three scenarios were set for sludges from WTPs and also for WWTPs. Those scenarios represented maximum, intermediate, and minimum reception capability for each reception location or area. Ceramic industries located within PCJ watershed showed to be capable of receptioning the total amount of WTP sludges, if a minimum 2% mass/mass replacement of raw materials (mainly clay) is provided. There are plenty of feasible areas for WWTP sludge application; thus, sludge agronomic quality and farmers' acceptance constitute the only steps to climb. This paper brings an innovative tool regarding sludge management which may be useful to decision-makers, especially wherever several sources and reception areas are playing on game board. The proposed method can be applied at different locations and for other sludge uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Custodio Urban
- College of Environmental Engineering, Centre for Exact, Environmental and Technological Sciences - CEATEC, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas - PUC-Campinas, Rua Professor Doutor Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini, 1516 - Pq, Rural Fazenda Santa Cândida, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13087-571, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo de Lima Isaac
- Department of Sanitation and Environment, School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6021, Campinas, Sao Paulo, 13083-852, Brazil
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Sommaggio LRD, Mazzeo DEC, Pamplona-Silva MT, Marin-Morales MA. Evaluation of the potential agricultural use of biostimulated sewage sludge using mammalian cell culture assays. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 199:10-15. [PMID: 29427809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Among the bioremediation processes, biostimulation is an effective methodology for the decontamination of organic waste by the addition of agents that stimulate the indigenous microbiota development. Rice hull is a biostimulating agent that promotes the aeration of edaphic systems and stimulates the aerobiotic activity of soil microorganisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the bioremediation and biostimulation processes in reducing the toxicity of sewage sludge (SS) and to evaluate its possible application in agriculture using cytotoxic and genotoxic assays in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). SS of domestic origin was tested as both the pure product (PSS) and mixed with soil (S) and with a stimulating agent, such as rice hull (RH), in different proportions (SS + S and SS + S + RH); we also examined different remediation periods (3 months - T1 and 6 months - T2). For the PSS sample, a significant induction of micronucleus (MN) in T2 was observed with nuclear buds in all of the periods assessed, and we observed the presence of more than one alteration per cell (MN and nuclear bud) in T1 and T2. The PSS sample caused genotoxic effects in the HepG2 cells even after being bioremediated. For the samples containing soil and/or rice hull, no toxic effects were observed in the test system used. Therefore, the addition of SS to agricultural soils should be conducted with caution, and it is important that the SS undergoes a remediation process, such as bioremediation and biostimulation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Roberta Deroldo Sommaggio
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Dânia Elisa Christofoletti Mazzeo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Tereza Pamplona-Silva
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Aparecida Marin-Morales
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Av. 24-A, 1515, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
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