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Soufizadeh P, Mansouri V, Ahmadbeigi N. A review of animal models utilized in preclinical studies of approved gene therapy products: trends and insights. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:17. [PMID: 38649954 PMCID: PMC11034049 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00195-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific progress heavily relies on rigorous research, adherence to scientific standards, and transparent reporting. Animal models play a crucial role in advancing biomedical research, especially in the field of gene therapy. Animal models are vital tools in preclinical research, allowing scientists to predict outcomes and understand complex biological processes. The selection of appropriate animal models is critical, considering factors such as physiological and pathophysiological similarities, availability, and ethical considerations. Animal models continue to be indispensable tools in preclinical gene therapy research. Advancements in genetic engineering and model selection have improved the fidelity and relevance of these models. As gene therapy research progresses, careful consideration of animal models and transparent reporting will contribute to the development of effective therapies for various genetic disorders and diseases. This comprehensive review explores the use of animal models in preclinical gene therapy studies for approved products up to September 2023. The study encompasses 47 approved gene therapy products, with a focus on preclinical trials. This comprehensive analysis serves as a valuable reference for researchers in the gene therapy field, aiding in the selection of suitable animal models for their preclinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Soufizadeh
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Ahmadbeigi
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Ahn M, Cho WW, Park W, Lee JS, Choi MJ, Gao Q, Gao G, Cho DW, Kim BS. 3D biofabrication of diseased human skin models in vitro. Biomater Res 2023; 27:80. [PMID: 37608402 PMCID: PMC10464270 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is an organ located in the outermost part of the body; thus, it frequently exhibits visible signs of physiological health. Ethical concerns and genetic differences in conventional animal studies have increased the need for alternative in vitro platforms that mimic the structural and functional hallmarks of natural skin. Despite significant advances in in vitro skin modeling over the past few decades, different reproducible biofabrication strategies are required to reproduce the pathological features of diseased human skin compared to those used for healthy-skin models. To explain human skin modeling with pathological hallmarks, we first summarize the structural and functional characteristics of healthy human skin. We then provide an extensive overview of how to recreate diseased human skin models in vitro, including models for wounded, diabetic, skin-cancer, atopic, and other pathological skin types. We conclude with an outlook on diseased-skin modeling and its technical perspective for the further development of skin engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Ahn
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Kyungnam, Korea
| | - Won-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonbin Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Choi
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiqi Gao
- School of Medical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ge Gao
- School of Medical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626841, Kyungnam, Korea.
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Oh JH, Cho JY. Comparative oncology: overcoming human cancer through companion animal studies. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:725-734. [PMID: 37009802 PMCID: PMC10167357 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00977-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative oncology is a field of study that has been recently adopted for studying cancer and developing cancer therapies. Companion animals such as dogs can be used to evaluate novel biomarkers or anticancer targets before clinical translation. Thus, the value of canine models is increasing, and numerous studies have been conducted to analyze similarities and differences between many types of spontaneously occurring cancers in canines and humans. A growing number of canine cancer models as well as research-grade reagents for these models are becoming available, leading to substantial growth in comparative oncology research spanning from basic science to clinical trials. In this review, we summarize comparative oncology studies that have been conducted on the molecular landscape of various canine cancers and highlight the importance of the integration of comparative biology into cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Brain Korea 21 Project and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Brain Korea 21 Project and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Comparative Medicine Disease Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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4
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A new detection method for canine and feline cancer using the olfactory system of nematodes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101332. [PMID: 36111250 PMCID: PMC9469661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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5
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Tomita H, Hara A. Development of extrahepatic bile ducts and mechanisms of tumorigenesis: Lessons from mouse models. Pathol Int 2022; 72:589-605. [PMID: 36349994 PMCID: PMC10098476 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The biliary system is a highly branched tubular network consisting of intrahepatic bile ducts (IHBDs) and extrahepatic bile ducts (EHBDs). IHBDs are derived from hepatic progenitor cells, while EHBDs originate directly from the endoderm through a separate branching morphogenetic process. Traits that are important for cancer are often found to overlap in developmental and other processes. Therefore, it has been suggested that intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCAs) and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (eCCAs) have different developmental mechanisms. While much evidence is being gathered on the mechanism of iCCAs, the evidence for eCCA is still very limited. The main reason for this is that there are very few appropriate animal models for eCCA. We can gain important insights from these animal models, particularly genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). GEMMs are immunocompetent and mimic human CCA subtypes with a specific mutational pattern, allowing the development of precancerous lesions, that is, biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB). This review provides a summary of the pathogenesis and mechanisms of eCCA that can be revealed by GEMMs. Furthermore, we discuss several clinical questions, such as whether BilIN and IPNB really become malignant, whether the peribiliary gland is the origin of eCCAs, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
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6
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Shared and distinct genetic features in human and canine B-cell lymphomas. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3404-3409. [PMID: 35359007 PMCID: PMC9198934 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Olejnik A, Semba JA, Kulpa A, Dańczak-Pazdrowska A, Rybka JD, Gornowicz-Porowska J. 3D Bioprinting in Skin Related Research: Recent Achievements and Application Perspectives. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:26-38. [PMID: 34967598 PMCID: PMC8787816 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In recent years,
significant progress has been observed in the
field of skin bioprinting, which has a huge potential to revolutionize
the way of treatment in injury and surgery. Furthermore, it may be
considered as an appropriate platform to perform the assessment and
screening of cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore,
the objective of this paper was to review the latest advances in 3D
bioprinting dedicated to skin applications. In order to explain the
boundaries of this technology, the architecture and functions of the
native skin were briefly described. The principles of bioprinting
methods were outlined along with a detailed description of key elements
that are required to fabricate the skin equivalents. Next, the overview
of recent progress in 3D bioprinting studies was presented. The article
also highlighted the potential applications of bioengineered skin
substituents in various fields including regenerative medicine, modeling
of diseases, and cosmetics/drugs testing. The advantages, limitations,
and future directions of this technology were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Olejnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Anna Semba
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Kulpa
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Jakub Dalibor Rybka
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medicinal Sciences, Mazowiecka 33, 60-623 Poznań, Poland
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8
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Aleemardani M, Trikić MZ, Green NH, Claeyssens F. The Importance of Mimicking Dermal-Epidermal Junction for Skin Tissue Engineering: A Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110148. [PMID: 34821714 PMCID: PMC8614934 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a distinct boundary between the dermis and epidermis in the human skin called the basement membrane, a dense collagen network that creates undulations of the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). The DEJ plays multiple roles in skin homeostasis and function, namely, enhancing the adhesion and physical interlock of the layers, creating niches for epidermal stem cells, regulating the cellular microenvironment, and providing a physical boundary layer between fibroblasts and keratinocytes. However, the primary role of the DEJ has been determined as skin integrity; there are still aspects of it that are poorly investigated. Tissue engineering (TE) has evolved promising skin regeneration strategies and already developed TE scaffolds for clinical use. However, the currently available skin TE equivalents neglect to replicate the DEJ anatomical structures. The emergent ability to produce increasingly complex scaffolds for skin TE will enable the development of closer physical and physiological mimics to natural skin; it also allows researchers to study the DEJ effect on cell function. Few studies have created patterned substrates that could mimic the human DEJ to explore their significance. Here, we first review the DEJ roles and then critically discuss the TE strategies to create the DEJ undulating structure and their effects. New approaches in this field could be instrumental for improving bioengineered skin substitutes, creating 3D engineered skin, identifying pathological mechanisms, and producing and screening drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Aleemardani
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (M.A.); (M.Z.T.); (N.H.G.)
| | - Michael Zivojin Trikić
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (M.A.); (M.Z.T.); (N.H.G.)
| | - Nicola Helen Green
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (M.A.); (M.Z.T.); (N.H.G.)
- Insigneo Institute for in Silico Medicine, The Pam Liversidge Building, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
| | - Frederik Claeyssens
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HQ, UK; (M.A.); (M.Z.T.); (N.H.G.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Gao G, Ahn M, Cho WW, Kim BS, Cho DW. 3D Printing of Pharmaceutical Application: Drug Screening and Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1373. [PMID: 34575448 PMCID: PMC8465948 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques and the development of tailored biomaterials have facilitated the precise fabrication of biological components and complex 3D geometrics over the past few decades. Moreover, the notable growth of 3D printing has facilitated pharmaceutical applications, enabling the development of customized drug screening and drug delivery systems for individual patients, breaking away from conventional approaches that primarily rely on transgenic animal experiments and mass production. This review provides an extensive overview of 3D printing research applied to drug screening and drug delivery systems that represent pharmaceutical applications. We classify several elements required by each application for advanced pharmaceutical techniques and briefly describe state-of-the-art 3D printing technology consisting of cells, bioinks, and printing strategies that satisfy requirements. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of traditional approaches by providing concrete examples of drug screening (organoid, organ-on-a-chip, and tissue/organ equivalent) and drug delivery systems (oral/vaginal/rectal and transdermal/surgical drug delivery), followed by the introduction of recent pharmaceutical investigations using 3D printing-based strategies to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Minjun Ahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Korea; (M.A.); (W.-W.C.)
| | - Won-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Korea; (M.A.); (W.-W.C.)
| | - Byoung-Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Kyungbuk, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang 37673, Kyungbuk, Korea; (M.A.); (W.-W.C.)
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10
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Dias JNR, André AS, Aguiar SI, Gil S, Tavares L, Aires-da-Silva F. Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Canine Lymphoma: Changing the Odds Against Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:621758. [PMID: 34513964 PMCID: PMC8427286 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.621758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The new era of immune-oncology has brought complexities and challenges that emphasize the need to identify new strategies and models to develop successful and cost-effective therapies. The inclusion of a canine model in the drug development of cancer immunotherapies is being widely recognized as a valid solution to overcome several hurdles associated with conventional preclinical models. Driven by the success of immunotherapies in the treatment of human non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and by the remarkable similarities of canine NHL to its human counterpart, canine NHL has been one of the main focus of comparative research. Under the present review, we summarize a general overview of the challenges and prospects of today's cancer immunotherapies and the role that comparative medicine might play in solving the limitations brought by this rapidly expanding field. The state of art of both human and canine NHL and the rationale behind the use of the canine model to bridge the translational gap between murine preclinical studies and human clinical trials are addressed. Finally, a review of currently available immunotherapies for canine NHL is described, highlighting the potential of these therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederico Aires-da-Silva
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
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11
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Mestrinho LA, Santos RR. Translational oncotargets for immunotherapy: From pet dogs to humans. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:296-313. [PMID: 33705879 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical studies in rodent models have been a pivotal role in human clinical research, but many of them fail in the translational process. Spontaneous tumors in pet dogs have the potential to bridge the gap between preclinical models and human clinical trials. Their natural occurrence in an immunocompetent system overcome the limitations of preclinical rodent models. Due to its reasonable cellular, molecular, and genetic homology to humans, the pet dog represents a valuable model to accelerate the translation of preclinical studies to clinical trials in humans, actually with benefits for both species. Moreover, their unique genetic features of breeding and breed-related mutations have contributed to assess and optimize therapeutics in individuals with different genetic backgrounds. This review aims to outline four main immunotherapy approaches - cancer vaccines, adaptive T-cell transfer, antibodies, and cytokines -, under research in veterinary medicine and how they can serve the clinical application crosstalk with humans.
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12
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Schille JT, Nolte I, Beck J, Jilani D, Roolf C, Pews-Davtyan A, Rolfs A, Henze L, Beller M, Brenig B, Junghanss C, Schütz E, Murua Escobar H. PDA Indolylmaleimides Induce Anti-Tumor Effects in Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines Through Mitotic Death. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:558135. [PMID: 33553272 PMCID: PMC7855975 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.558135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Castrate resistant prostate cancer in men shares several characteristics with canine prostate cancer (PCa). Due to current insufficient therapies, evaluating novel therapeutic agents for late-stage PCa is of considerable interest for both species. PDA indolylmaleimides showed anticancer effects in several neoplastic cell lines. Herein, a comparative characterization of PDA-66 and PDA-377 mediated effects was performed in human and canine PCa cell lines, which is also the first detailed characterization of these agents on cells derived from solid tumors in general. While PDA-377 showed only weak growth inhibition on human PCa cell lines, PDA-66 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in human and canine cell lines with concentrations in the low micromolar range. Morphological characterization and whole transcriptome sequencing revealed that PDA-66 induces mitotic death through its microtubule-depolymerizing ability. PDA-66 appears to be a worthwhile anti-mitotic agent for further evaluation. The similarities in cellular and molecular response observed in the cell lines of both origins form a solid basis for the use of canine PCa in vivo models to gain valuable interchangeable data to the advantage of both species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Torben Schille
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ingo Nolte
- Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Daria Jilani
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Catrin Roolf
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Larissa Henze
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institute for Catalysis, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bertram Brenig
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Junghanss
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schütz
- Chronix Biomedical, Göttingen, Germany.,Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hugo Murua Escobar
- Department of Medicine, Clinic III-Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Medicine, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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13
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Amirghasemi F, Adjei-Sowah E, Pockaj BA, Nikkhah M. Microengineered 3D Tumor Models for Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery in Female-Related Cancers. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:1943-1972. [PMID: 33403451 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-020-02704-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The burden of cancer continues to increase in society and negatively impacts the lives of numerous patients. Due to the high cost of current treatment strategies, there is a crucial unmet need to develop inexpensive preclinical platforms to accelerate the process of anti-cancer drug discovery to improve outcomes in cancer patients, most especially in female patients. Many current methods employ expensive animal models which not only present ethical concerns but also do not often accurately predict human physiology and the outcomes of anti-cancer drug responsiveness. Conventional treatment approaches for cancer generally include systemic therapy after a surgical procedure. Although this treatment technique is effective, the outcome is not always positive due to various complex factors such as intratumor heterogeneity and confounding factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Patients who develop metastatic disease still have poor prognosis. To that end, recent efforts have attempted to use 3D microengineered platforms to enhance the predictive power and efficacy of anti-cancer drug screening, ultimately to develop personalized therapies. Fascinating features of microengineered assays, such as microfluidics, have led to the advancement in the development of the tumor-on-chip technology platforms, which have shown tremendous potential for meaningful and physiologically relevant anti-cancer drug discovery and screening. Three dimensional microscale models provide unprecedented ability to unveil the biological complexities of cancer and shed light into the mechanism of anti-cancer drug resistance in a timely and resource efficient manner. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the development of microengineered tumor models for anti-cancer drug discovery and screening in female-related cancers. We specifically focus on female-related cancers to draw attention to the various approaches being taken to improve the survival rate of women diagnosed with cancers caused by sex disparities. We also briefly discuss other cancer types like colon adenocarcinomas and glioblastoma due to their high rate of occurrence in females, as well as the high likelihood of sex-biased mutations which complicate current treatment strategies for women. We highlight recent advances in the development of 3D microscale platforms including 3D tumor spheroids, microfluidic platforms as well as bioprinted models, and discuss how they have been utilized to address major challenges in the process of drug discovery, such as chemoresistance, intratumor heterogeneity, drug toxicity, etc. We also present the potential of these platform technologies for use in high-throughput drug screening approaches as a replacements of conventional assays. Within each section, we will provide our perspectives on advantages of the discussed platform technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Amirghasemi
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA
| | - Emmanuela Adjei-Sowah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA
| | - Barbara A Pockaj
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Mehdi Nikkhah
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-9709, USA. .,Biodesign Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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14
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Gómez A, Sardón D, Cejalvo T, Vázquez F, García-Castro J, Perisé-Barrios AJ. Biodistribution Analysis of Oncolytic Adenoviruses in Canine Patient Necropsy Samples Treated with Cellular Virotherapy. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2020; 18:525-534. [PMID: 32995478 PMCID: PMC7490470 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic immunotherapy with competent viruses is an emerging approach in cancer treatment. The clinical safety of many types of oncolytic viruses (OVs) has been demonstrated. However, there is a lack of information about viral biodistribution in patients. The available data about oncolytic adenovirus biodistribution in human subjects treated intravenously consists of virus detection in body fluids, a few tumor biopsies, and a single report of patient necropsy samples. There is no information about adenoviral biodistribution in patients treated intravenously with cellular vehicles carrying an oncolytic adenovirus. We previously published reports regarding the efficacy and clinical safety of infusing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) infected with an OV in human and canine patients. In this study, we performed necropsies on 12 canine patients treated with dCelyvir, canine MSCs infected with ICOCAV17, a canine oncolytic adenovirus. The prevalence of microscopic lesions, especially chronic inflammatory responses in different organs, was higher than expected. Concomitantly, we found a positive immunoreaction to ICOCAV17 in analyzed samples. These findings support a possible role of the virus in development of histopathological alterations and ongoing systemic viral replication of ICOCAV17 in the period after therapy administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Gómez
- Veterinary Pathology Unit, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sardón
- Veterinary Pathology Unit, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Cejalvo
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Vázquez
- Veterinary Pathology Unit, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Castro
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Unit, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Judith Perisé-Barrios
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Unit, Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, 28691 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Sakai O, Ii T, Uchida K, Igase M, Mizuno T. Establishment and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Against Canine CD8 Alpha. Monoclon Antib Immunodiagn Immunother 2020; 39:129-134. [PMID: 32822285 DOI: 10.1089/mab.2020.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding of the microenvironment of cancer plays a crucial role in cancer research. A tool is needed to evaluate the immune cells surrounding the cancer cells. This study establishes and evaluates a novel monoclonal antibody against canine CD8α (cCD8α). The antibody was produced by immunization of rats with cCD8α-expressing cells. After establishment and selection of hybridoma cells, the clone F3-B2 was established. The reactivity of F3-B2 was confirmed using cCD8α-overexpressing murine cells. Flow cytometric analysis also demonstrated that F3-B2 reacts with cCD8α naturally expressed in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and a canine T cell lymphoma cell line. The specimens of lymphoid tissue showed immunohistochemical staining for F3-B2. Moreover, we also found that F3-B2 exhibited reactivity against feline CD8. Thus, this antibody provides a good research tool to analyze CD8-positive cytotoxic lymphocytes in canine and feline tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Sakai
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tatsuhito Ii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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16
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Pawlak A, Henklewska M. The Role of Bcl-xL Protein Research in Veterinary Oncology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072511. [PMID: 32260403 PMCID: PMC7177433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their significant impact on human and animal health, cancer diseases are an area of considerable concern for both human and veterinary medicine. Research on the cancer pathogenesis in companion animals, such as dogs, allows not only for improving canine cancer treatment, but also for translating the results into human oncology. Disruption of apoptosis in tumor-transformed cells is a well-known mechanism leading to the development of cancer. One of the main factors involved in this process are proteins belonging to the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family, and the imbalance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic members of this family contributes to the development of cancer. Studies on the function of these proteins, including B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), have also been intensively conducted in companion animals. The Bcl-xL gene was sequenced and found to share over 99% homology with the human protein. Research showed that the Bcl-2 family plays the same role in human and canine cells, and data from studies in dogs are fully translatable to other species, including humans. The role of this protein family in cancer development was also confirmed. The article presents the current state of knowledge on the importance of the Bcl-xL protein in veterinary oncology.
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17
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Ozbakir HF, Anderson NT, Fan KC, Mukherjee A. Beyond the Green Fluorescent Protein: Biomolecular Reporters for Anaerobic and Deep-Tissue Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:293-302. [PMID: 31794658 PMCID: PMC7033020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging represents cornerstone technology for studying biological function at the cellular and molecular levels. The technology's centerpiece is a prolific collection of genetic reporters based on the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and related analogs. More than two decades of protein engineering have endowed the GFP repertoire with an incredible assortment of fluorescent proteins, allowing scientists immense latitude in choosing reporters tailored to various cellular and environmental contexts. Nevertheless, GFP and derivative reporters have specific limitations that hinder their unrestricted use for molecular imaging. These challenges have inspired the development of new reporter proteins and imaging mechanisms. Here, we review how these developments are expanding the frontiers of reporter gene techniques to enable nondestructive studies of cell function in anaerobic environments and deep inside intact animals-two important biological contexts that are fundamentally incompatible with the use of GFP-based reporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun F. Ozbakir
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Nolan T. Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Kang-Ching Fan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Arnab Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center for Bioengineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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18
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Xiong Z, Ampudia Mesias E, Pluhar GE, Rathe SK, Largaespada DA, Sham YY, Moertel CL, Olin MR. CD200 Checkpoint Reversal: A Novel Approach to Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:232-241. [PMID: 31624103 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Advances in immunotherapy have revolutionized care for some patients with cancer. However, current checkpoint inhibitors are associated with significant toxicity and yield poor responses for patients with central nervous system tumors, calling into question whether cancer immunotherapy can be applied to glioblastoma multiforme. We determined that targeting the CD200 activation receptors (CD200AR) of the CD200 checkpoint with a peptide inhibitor (CD200AR-L) overcomes tumor-induced immunosuppression. We have shown the clinical efficacy of the CD200AR-L in a trial in companion dogs with spontaneous high-grade glioma. Addition of the peptide to autologous tumor lysate vaccines significantly increased the median overall survival to 12.7 months relative to tumor lysate vaccines alone, 6.36 months. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This study was developed to elucidate the mechanism of the CD200ARs and develop a humanized peptide inhibitor. We developed macrophage cell lines with each of four CD200ARs knocked out to determine their binding specificity and functional response. Using proteomics, we developed humanized CD200AR-L to explore their effects on cytokine/chemokine response, dendritic cell maturation and CMV pp65 antigen response in human CD14+ cells. GMP-grade peptide was further validated for activity. RESULTS We demonstrated that the CD200AR-L specifically targets a CD200AR complex. Moreover, we developed and validated a humanized CD200AR-L for inducing chemokine response, stimulating immature dendritic cell differentiation and significantly enhanced an antigen-specific response, and determined that the use of the CD200AR-L downregulated the expression of CD200 inhibitory and PD-1 receptors. CONCLUSIONS These results support consideration of a CD200AR-L as a novel platform for immunotherapy against multiple cancers including glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengming Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - G Elizabeth Pluhar
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Susan K Rathe
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David A Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Yuk Y Sham
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Christopher L Moertel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Michael R Olin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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19
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DeLong RK, Cheng YH, Pearson P, Lin Z, Coffee C, Mathew EN, Hoffman A, Wouda RM, Higginbotham ML. Translating Nanomedicine to Comparative Oncology-the Case for Combining Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials with Nucleic Acid Therapeutic and Protein Delivery for Treating Metastatic Cancer. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:671-681. [PMID: 31040175 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.256230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique anticancer, biochemical, and immunologic properties of nanomaterials are becoming a new tool in biomedical research. Their translation into the clinic promises a new wave of targeted therapies. One nanomaterial of particular interest are zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), which has distinct mechanisms of anticancer activity including unique surface, induction of reactive oxygen species, lipid oxidation, pH, and also ionic gradients within cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. It is recognized that ZnO NPs can serve as a direct enzyme inhibitor. Significantly, ZnO NPs inhibit extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) associated with melanoma progression, drug resistance, and metastasis. Indeed, direct intratumoral injection of ZnO NPs or a complex of ZnO with RNA significantly suppresses ERK and AKT phosphorylation. These data suggest ZnO NPs and their complexes or conjugates with nucleic acid therapeutic or anticancer protein may represent a potential new strategy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and potentially other cancers. This review focuses on the anticancer mechanisms of ZnO NPs and what is currently known about its biochemical effects on melanoma, biologic activity, and pharmacokinetics in rodents and its potential for translation into large animal, spontaneously developing models of melanoma and other cancers, which represent models of comparative oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K DeLong
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Yi-Hsien Cheng
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Paige Pearson
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Zhoumeng Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Calli Coffee
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Elza Neelima Mathew
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Amanda Hoffman
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Raelene M Wouda
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Mary Lynn Higginbotham
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Nanotechnology Innovation Center (R.K.D., P.P., E.N.M., A.H.), Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Institute for Computational Comparative Medicine (Y.-H.C., Z.L.), and Department of Clinical Sciences (C.C., R.M.W., M.L.H.), College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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20
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Kim BS, Gao G, Kim JY, Cho D. 3D Cell Printing of Perfusable Vascularized Human Skin Equivalent Composed of Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis for Better Structural Recapitulation of Native Skin. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801019. [PMID: 30358939 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although skin cell-printing has exhibited promises for fabrication of functional skin equivalents, existing skin models through 3D cell printing are still composed of dermal and epidermal layers. However, a key hope for printing skin is to improve structural complexity of human skin over conventional construction, enabling the precise localization of multiple cell types and biomaterials. Here, the complexity of skin anatomy is increased using 3D cell printing. A novel printing platform is suggested for engineering a matured perfusable vascularized 3D human skin equivalent composed of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. The skin model is evaluated using functional markers representing each region of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis to confirm tissue maturation. It is hypothesized that the vascularized dermal and hypodermal compartments that provide a more realistic microenvironment can promote cross-talks with the epidermal compartment, producing better recapitulation of epidermal morphogenesis. Skin stemness in epithelial tissue is investigated. These findings reveal that the full-thickness skin has more similarities to the native human skin compared with the dermal and epidermal skin model, indicating that it better reflects the actual complexity of native human skin. It is envisioned that it offers better predictive and reliable in vitro platform for investigation of mechanisms of pathological research and skin disease modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yun Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and BioengineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringPohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Republic of Korea
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21
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Finocchiaro LME, Agnetti L, Fondello C, Glikin GC. Combination of cytokine-enhanced vaccine and chemo-gene therapy as surgery adjuvant treatments for spontaneous canine melanoma. Gene Ther 2019; 26:418-431. [PMID: 30858538 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-019-0066-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
After 6 years of follow-up treating 364 canine melanoma patients, we present here results about the proof-of-concept, safety, and efficacy of a new surgery adjuvant combined gene therapy. The adjuvant treatment (AT) group was divided in three arms as follows: (i) complete surgery plus vaccine (CS-V), (ii) complete surgery plus combined treatment (CS-CT), and (iii) partial surgery plus combined treatment (PS-CT). Besides the genetic vaccines composed by tumor extracts and lipoplexes carrying human interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor genes, the patients were subjected to combined treatment received in the post-surgical bed injections of lipid-complexed thymidine kinase suicide gene plus ganciclovir and canine interferon-β gene plus bleomycin. As compared with surgery-only treated controls (So), CS-CT and CS-V treatments significantly increased the fraction of local disease-free (from 20 to 89 and 74%) and distant metastases-free patients (M0: from 45 to 87 and 84%). Although less effective than CS arms, PS-CT arm demonstrated a significantly improved control of metastatic disease (M0: 80%) compared with So (M0: 44%). In addition, AT produced a significant 9.3- (CS-CT), 6.5- (CS-V), and 5.4-fold (PS-CT) increase of overall survival as compared with their respective So controls. In general terms, the AT changed a lethal disease into a chronic disease where 70% of CS-CT, 51% of CS-V, and 14% of PS-CT patients died of melanoma unrelated causes. These surgery adjuvant treatments delayed or prevented post-surgical recurrence and distant metastasis, and improved disease-free and overall survival while maintaining quality of life. These successful outcomes encourage assaying a similar scheme for human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana M E Finocchiaro
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Lucrecia Agnetti
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chiara Fondello
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo C Glikin
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Dash A, Das T, Knapp FFR. Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Painful Bone Metastases: Past Developments, Current Status, Recent Advances and Future Directions. Curr Med Chem 2019; 27:3187-3249. [PMID: 30714520 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190201142814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone pain arising from secondary skeletal malignancy constitutes one of the most common types of chronic pain among patients with cancer which can lead to rapid deterioration of the quality of life. Radionuclide therapy using bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals based on the concept of localization of the agent at bone metastases sites to deliver focal cytotoxic levels of radiation emerged as an effective treatment modality for the palliation of symptomatic bone metastases. Bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals not only provide palliative benefit but also improve clinical outcomes in terms of overall and progression-free survival. There is a steadily expanding list of therapeutic radionuclides which are used or can potentially be used in either ionic form or in combination with carrier molecules for the management of bone metastases. This article offers a narrative review of the armamentarium of bone-targeting radiopharmaceuticals based on currently approved investigational and potentially useful radionuclides and examines their efficacy for the treatment of painful skeletal metastases. In addition, the article also highlights the processes, opportunities, and challenges involved in the development of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals. Radium-223 is the first agent in this class to show an overall survival advantage in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) patients with bone metastases. This review summarizes recent advances, current clinical practice using radiopharmaceuticals for bone pain palliation, and the expected future prospects in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Dash
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Tapas Das
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Furn F Russ Knapp
- Medical Isotopes Program, Isotope Development Group, MS 6229, Bldg. 4501, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, PO Box 2008, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
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23
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Treatment Combining CD200 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Tumor-Lysate Vaccination after Surgery for Pet Dogs with High-Grade Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020137. [PMID: 30682795 PMCID: PMC6406711 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in immunotherapy have included inhibition of immune checkpoint proteins in the tumor microenvironment and tumor lysate-based vaccination strategies. We combined these approaches in pet dogs with high-grade glioma. Administration of a synthetic peptide targeting the immune checkpoint protein, CD200, enhanced the capacity of antigen-presenting cells to prime T-cells to mediate an anti-glioma response. We found that in canine spontaneous gliomas, local injection of a canine-specific, CD200-directed peptide before subcutaneous delivery of an autologous tumor lysate vaccine prolonged survival relative to a historical control treated with autologous tumor lysate alone (median survivals of 12.7 months and 6.36 months, respectively). Antigen-presenting cells and T-lymphocytes primed with this peptide suppressed their expression of the inhibitory CD200 receptor, thereby enhancing their ability to initiate immune reactions in a glioblastoma microenvironment replete with the immunosuppressive CD200 protein. These results support consideration of a CD200 ligand as a novel glioblastoma immunotherapeutic agent.
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24
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Alphandéry E. Glioblastoma Treatments: An Account of Recent Industrial Developments. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:879. [PMID: 30271342 PMCID: PMC6147115 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The different drugs and medical devices, which are commercialized or under industrial development for glioblastoma treatment, are reviewed. Their different modes of action are analyzed with a distinction being made between the effects of radiation, the targeting of specific parts of glioma cells, and immunotherapy. Most of them are still at a too early stage of development to firmly conclude about their efficacy. Optune, which triggers antitumor activity by blocking the mitosis of glioma cells under the application of an alternating electric field, seems to be the only recently developed therapy with some efficacy reported on a large number of GBM patients. The need for early GBM diagnosis is emphasized since it could enable the treatment of GBM tumors of small sizes, possibly easier to eradicate than larger tumors. Ways to improve clinical protocols by strengthening preclinical studies using of a broader range of different animal and tumor models are also underlined. Issues related with efficient drug delivery and crossing of blood brain barrier are discussed. Finally societal and economic aspects are described with a presentation of the orphan drug status that can accelerate the development of GBM therapies, patents protecting various GBM treatments, the different actors tackling GBM disease, the cost of GBM treatments, GBM market figures, and a financial analysis of the different companies involved in the development of GBM therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, UMR 7590 CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University Paris 06, Paris, France.,Nanobacterie SARL, Paris, France
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25
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Wang L, Wang X, Jiang S, Wei J, Buggs J, Fu L, Zhang J, Liu R. Graft function assessment in mouse models of single- and dual-kidney transplantation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F628-F636. [PMID: 29790388 PMCID: PMC6172578 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00068.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models of kidney transplantation (KTX) are widely used in studying immune response of hosts to implanted grafts. Additionally, KTX can be used in generating kidney-specific knockout animal models by transplantation of kidneys from donors with global knockout of a gene to wild-type recipients or vice versa. Dual-kidney transplantation (DKT) provides a more physiological environment for recipients than single-kidney transplantation (SKT). However, DKT in mice is rare due to technical challenges. In this study, we successfully performed DKT in mice and compared the hemodynamic response and graft function with SKT. The surgical time, complications, and survival rate of DKT were not significantly different from SKT, where survival rates were above 85%. Mice with DKT showed less injury and quicker recovery with lower plasma creatinine (Pcr) and higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR) than SKT mice (Pcr = 0.34 and 0.17 mg/dl in DKT vs. 0.50 and 0.36 mg/dl in SKT at 1 and 3 days, respectively; GFR = 215 and 131 µl/min for DKT and SKT, respectively). In addition, the DKT exhibited better renal functional reserve and long-term outcome of renal graft function than SKT based on the response to acute volume expansion. In conclusion, we have successfully generated a mouse DKT model. The hemodynamic responses of DKT better mimic physiological situations with less kidney injury and better recovery than SKT because of reduced confounding factors such as single nephron hyperfiltration. We anticipate DKT in mice will provide an additional tool for evaluation of renal significance in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Jacentha Buggs
- Department of Pathology at University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Liying Fu
- Department of Pathology at University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
| | - Ruisheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida College of Medicine , Tampa, Florida
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26
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Sultan F, Ganaie BA. Comparative oncology: Integrating human and veterinary medicine. Open Vet J 2018; 8:25-34. [PMID: 29445618 PMCID: PMC5806664 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer constitutes the major health problem both in human and veterinary medicine. Comparative oncology as an integrative approach offers to learn more about naturally occurring cancers across different species. Canine models have many advantages as they experience spontaneous disease, have many genes similar to human genes, five to seven-fold accelerated ageing compared to humans, respond to treatments similarly as humans do and health care levels second only to humans. Also, the clinical trials in canines could generate more robust data, as their spontaneous nature mimics real-life situations and could be translated to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faheem Sultan
- Indian Council of Medical Research, GADVASU-Ludhiana Punjab-141004, India
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The first report of cases of pet dogs with naturally occurring cancer treated with the antitumor peptide CIGB-552. Res Vet Sci 2017; 114:502-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Ceciliani F, Roccabianca P, Giudice C, Lecchi C. Application of post-genomic techniques in dog cancer research. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2017; 12:2665-79. [PMID: 27345606 DOI: 10.1039/c6mb00227g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Omics techniques have been widely applied to veterinary science, although mostly on farm animal productions and infectious diseases. In canine oncology, on the contrary, the use of omics methodologies is still far behind. This review presents the most recent achievement in the application of postgenomic techniques, such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, to canine cancer research. The protocols to recover material suitable for omics analyses from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues are presented, and omics applications for biomarker discovery and their potential for cancer diagnostics in veterinary medicine are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ceciliani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 02, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - P Roccabianca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 02, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - C Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 02, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - C Lecchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università di Milano, Via Celoria 02, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Seelig DM, Ito D, Forster CL, Yoon UA, Breen M, Burns LJ, Bachanova V, Lindblad-Toh K, O’Brien TD, Schmechel SC, Rizzardi AE, Modiano JF, Linden MA. Constitutive activation of alternative nuclear factor kappa B pathway in canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma contributes to tumor cell survival and is a target of new adjuvant therapies. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1702-1710. [PMID: 27931134 PMCID: PMC6198319 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1260122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the classical nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) pathway is a common molecular event observed in both human and canine diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although the oncogenic potential of the alternative NFκB pathway (ANFκBP) has also been recently identified in DLBCL, its precise role in tumor pathogenesis and potential as a treatment target is understudied. We hypothesized that up-regulation of the ANFκBP plays an important role in the proliferation and survival of canine DLBCL cells, and we demonstrate that the ANFκBP is constitutively active in primary canine DLBCL samples and a cell line (CLBL1). We further demonstrate that a small interfering RNA inhibits the activation of the NFκB pathway and induces apoptosis in canine DLBCL cells. In conclusion, the ANFκBP facilitates survival of canine DLBCL cells, and thus, dogs with spontaneous DLBCL can provide a useful large animal model to study therapies targeting the ANFκBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis M. Seelig
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Colleen L. Forster
- The University of Minnesota Biological Materials Procurement Network (BioNet), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Una A. Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Matthew Breen
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Cancer Genetics Program, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Linda J. Burns
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Veronika Bachanova
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kerstin Lindblad-Toh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timothy D. O’Brien
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jaime F. Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael A. Linden
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Hematopathology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Park JS, Withers SS, Modiano JF, Kent MS, Chen M, Luna JI, Culp WTN, Sparger EE, Rebhun RB, Monjazeb AM, Murphy WJ, Canter RJ. Canine cancer immunotherapy studies: linking mouse and human. J Immunother Cancer 2016; 4:97. [PMID: 28031824 PMCID: PMC5171656 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-016-0200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent major clinical breakthroughs in human cancer immunotherapy including the use of checkpoint inhibitors and engineered T cells, important challenges remain, including determining the sub-populations of patients who will respond and who will experience at times significant toxicities. Although advances in cancer immunotherapy depend on preclinical testing, the majority of in-vivo testing currently relies on genetically identical inbred mouse models which, while offering critical insights regarding efficacy and mechanism of action, also vastly underrepresent the heterogeneity and complex interplay of human immune cells and cancers. Additionally, laboratory mice uncommonly develop spontaneous tumors, are housed under specific-pathogen free conditions which markedly impacts immune development, and incompletely model key aspects of the tumor/immune microenvironment. The canine model represents a powerful tool in cancer immunotherapy research as an important link between murine models and human clinical studies. Dogs represent an attractive outbred combination of companion animals that experience spontaneous cancer development in the setting of an intact immune system. This allows for study of complex immune interactions during the course of treatment while also directly addressing long-term efficacy and toxicity of cancer immunotherapies. However, immune dissection requires access to robust and validated immune assays and reagents as well as appropriate numbers for statistical evaluation. Canine studies will need further optimization of these important mechanistic tools for this model to fulfill its promise as a model for immunotherapy. This review aims to discuss the canine model in the context of existing preclinical cancer immunotherapy models to evaluate both its advantages and limitations, as well as highlighting its growth as a powerful tool in the burgeoning field of both human and veterinary immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon S Park
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Sita S Withers
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Jaime F Modiano
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Cancer Care and Research Center, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA
| | - Michael S Kent
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mingyi Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - Jesus I Luna
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunology, Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William T N Culp
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ellen E Sparger
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Robert B Rebhun
- The Center for Companion Animal Health, Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Arta M Monjazeb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
| | - William J Murphy
- Dermatology and Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.,Department of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Robert J Canter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
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Deshantri AK, Kooijmans SA, Kuijpers SA, Coimbra M, Hoeppener A, Storm G, Fens MH, Schiffelers RM. Liposomal prednisolone inhibits tumor growth in a spontaneous mouse mammary carcinoma model. J Control Release 2016; 243:243-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yannelli JR, Wouda R, Masterson TJ, Avdiushko MG, Cohen DA. Development of an autologous canine cancer vaccine system for resectable malignant tumors in dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 182:95-100. [PMID: 27863558 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While conventional therapies exist for canine cancer, immunotherapies need to be further explored and applied to the canine setting. We have developed an autologous cancer vaccine (K9-ACV), which is available for all dogs with resectable disease. K9-ACV was evaluated for safety and immunogenicity for a variety of cancer types in a cohort of companion dogs under veterinary care. The autologous vaccine was prepared by enzymatic digestion of solid tumor biopsies. The resultant single cell suspensions were then UV-irradiated resulting in immunogenic cell death of the tumor cells. Following sterility and endotoxin testing, the tumor cells were admixed with CpG ODN adjuvant and shipped to the participating veterinary clinics. The treating veterinarians then vaccinated each patient with three intradermal injections (10 million cells per dose) at 30-day intervals (one prime and two boost injections). In a cohort of 20 dogs completing the study, 17 dogs (85%) developed an augmented IgG response to autologous tumor antigens as demonstrated using western blot analysis of pre- and post-peripheral blood samples. We also report several dogs have lived beyond expected survival time based on previously published data. In summary, K9-ACV is an additional option to be considered for the treatment of dogs with resectable cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Yannelli
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
| | - R Wouda
- Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Dept of Clinical Sciences, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - T J Masterson
- Medivet Biologics, LLC, Nicholasville, KY 40356, United States
| | - M G Avdiushko
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
| | - D A Cohen
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Lexington, KY 40536, United States
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Fazekas J, Fürdös I, Singer J, Jensen-Jarolim E. Why man's best friend, the dog, could also benefit from an anti-HER-2 vaccine. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2271-2276. [PMID: 27698788 PMCID: PMC5038860 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) is a well-established target for anticancer anticancerprecision medicine in humans. A HER-2 homologue with 92% amino acid identity has been described in canine mammary tumors, which whichis termed here as ‘dog epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (DER-2)’, with similar biological implications as those in human breast cancer. Both antigens can principally be immunologically targeted by anti-HER-2 antibodies, such as trastuzumab; however, the in vivo application applicationof humanized antibodies to other species would lead to specific hypersensitivity reactions. Therefore, HER-2 mimotope vaccines that actively induce autologous trastuzumab-like immunoglobulins represent a novel and economic treatment option to overcome species-specific limitations. Thus, the present review proposes the implementation of clinical trials with HER-2 vaccines in canine cancer model modelpatients with spontaneous DER-2 positive mammary gland carcinomas in order to assess their safety and efficacy. This approach would not only pave the way into the veterinary oncology market, but would also similarly generate robust data for human trials and facilitate the testing of novel combinatorial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Fazekas
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Irene Fürdös
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Josef Singer
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Erika Jensen-Jarolim
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria; Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
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Hakobyan N, Valentino LA, Cong L, Enockson C, Song XQ, Desai S, Radtke R, Fogg LF. Haemarthrosis model in mice: BSS - Bleeding Severity Score assessment system. Haemophilia 2016; 22:790-8. [PMID: 27456473 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prophylactic administration of clotting factor concentrate is currently the most effective strategy for the prevention of joint bleeding. As new agents with different mechanisms of action and administration schedules are developed, it will be important to study them in relevant preclinical models. AIM The aim of this study was the standardization of a mouse haemarthrosis model in a haemophilia mouse and the development and validation of a comprehensive bleeding assessment system, the Bleeding Severity Score (BSS). METHODS AND RESULTS Four outcome measurements were assessed, two of which, the extra-articular bleeding score and intra-articular bleeding score, were determined to be the most reliable and were summarized into a BSS which was validated using a mouse haemarthrosis variability model. CONCLUSION Using this model, the haemostatic effect of prospective drugs can be assessed in a clinically relevant joint bleeding model and will significantly increase the value of preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hakobyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | | | - L Cong
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Enockson
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - X Q Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R Radtke
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L F Fogg
- Rush College of Nursing, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Nambiar PR, Boutin SR, Raja R, Rosenberg DW. Global Gene Expression Profiling: A Complement to Conventional Histopathologic Analysis of Neoplasia. Vet Pathol 2016; 42:735-52. [PMID: 16301570 DOI: 10.1354/vp.42-6-735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional profiling of entire tumors has yielded considerable insight into the molecular mechanisms of heterogeneous cell populations within different types of neoplasms. The data thus acquired can be further refined by microdissection methods that enable the analyses of subpopulations of neoplastic cells. Separation of the various components of a neoplasm (i.e., stromal cells, inflammatory infiltrates, and blood vessels) has been problematic, primarily because of a paucity of tools for accurate microdissection. The advent of laser capture microdissection combined with powerful tools of linear amplification of RNA and high-throughput microarray-based assays have allowed the transcriptional mapping of intricate and highly complex networks within pure populations of neoplastic cells. With this approach, specific “molecular signatures” can be assigned to tumors of distinct or even similar histomorphology, thereby aiding the desired objective of pattern recognition, tumor classification, and prognostication. This review highlights the potential benefits of global gene expression profiling of tumor cells as a complement to conventional histopathologic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Nambiar
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139,USA.
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36
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Cabon Q, Sayag D, Texier I, Navarro F, Boisgard R, Virieux-Watrelot D, Ponce F, Carozzo C. Evaluation of intraoperative fluorescence imaging-guided surgery in cancer-bearing dogs: a prospective proof-of-concept phase II study in 9 cases. Transl Res 2016; 170:73-88. [PMID: 26746803 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to prospectively evaluate the application of intraoperative fluorescence imaging (IOFI) in the surgical excision of malignant masses in dogs, using a novel lipid nanoparticle contrast agent. Dogs presenting with spontaneous soft-tissue sarcoma or subcutaneous tumors were prospectively enrolled. Clinical staging and whole-body computed tomography (CT) were performed. All the dogs received an intravenous injection of dye-loaded lipid nanoparticles, LipImage 815. Wide or radical resection was realized after CT examination. Real-time IOFI was performed before skin incision and after tumor excision. In cases of radical resection, the lymph nodes (LNs) were imaged. The margin/healthy tissues fluorescence ratio or LN/healthy tissues fluorescence ratio was measured and compared with the histologic margins or LN status. Nine dogs were included. Limb amputation was performed in 3 dogs, and wide resection in 6. No adverse effect was noted. Fluorescence was observed in all 9 of the tumors. The margins were clean in 5 of 6 dogs after wide surgical resection, and the margin/healthy tissues fluorescence ratio was close to 1.0 in all these dogs. Infiltrated margins were observed in 1 case, with a margin/healthy tissues fluorescence ratio of 3.2. Metastasis was confirmed in 2 of 3 LNs, associated with LN/healthy tissues fluorescence ratios of 2.1 and 4.2, whereas nonmetastatic LN was associated with a ratio of 1.0. LipImage 815 used as a contrast agent during IOFI seemed to allow for good discrimination between tumoral and healthy tissues. Future studies are scheduled to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of IOFI using LipImage 815 as a tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Cabon
- From the Surgery and Anesthesia Unit, VetAgro-Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France.
| | - David Sayag
- Clinical Oncology Department, Small Animal Internal Medicine Unit, VetAgro-Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Isabelle Texier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; CEA-LETI MINATEC/ DTBS, Grenoble, France.
| | - Fabrice Navarro
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; CEA-LETI MINATEC/ DTBS, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Frédérique Ponce
- Clinical Oncology Department, Small Animal Internal Medicine Unit, VetAgro-Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
| | - Claude Carozzo
- From the Surgery and Anesthesia Unit, VetAgro-Sup Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France
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Borges A, Adega F, Chaves R. Establishment and characterization of a new feline mammary cancer cell line, FkMTp. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:1529-43. [PMID: 26883919 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-015-9912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies on tumours in domestic animals are believed to greatly contribute to a better understanding of similar diseases in humans. Comparative studies have shown that feline mammary carcinomas share important features with human breast cancers, including a similar biological behaviour and histological appearance. In the present study we have established and characterized at different cellular levels one feline mammary cancer cell line, FkMTp, derived from a cat mammary carcinoma. The FkMTp cell line revealed to be a promising resource and tool to study tumour microevolution and all the mechanisms and processes involved in carcinogenesis from the tumour (primary culture) to the immortalized cell line. Several assays were conducted to assess the growth behaviour, differentiated morphology, anchorage independent growth in soft agar, wound-healing invasion and migration of the cell line across time (from the primary culture until the 160th passage). FkMTp revealed increased levels of anchorage independence, migration and invasion according to the course of time as well as different numbers of ploidy. These results demonstrate and validate the in vitro tumorigenicity of the FkMTp cell line. During the cell line establishment, it was cryopreserved approximately every six passages, including the tumour primary culture, allowing now the possibility to access almost any specific momento of the tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Borges
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), Universityof Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filomena Adega
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), Universityof Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raquel Chaves
- Laboratory of Cytogenomics and Animal Genomics (CAG), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), Universityof Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
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38
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Herman SEM, Wiestner A. Preclinical modeling of novel therapeutics in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the tools of the trade. Semin Oncol 2016; 43:222-32. [PMID: 27040700 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade our understanding of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) biology and pathogenesis has increased substantially. These insights have led to the development of several new agents with novel mechanisms of action prompting a change in therapeutic approaches from chemotherapy-based treatments to targeted therapies. Multiple preclinical models for drug development in CLL are available; however, with the advent of these targeted agents, it is becoming clear that not all models and surrogate readouts of efficacy are appropriate for all drugs. In this review we discuss in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, with a particular focus on the benefits and possible pitfalls of different model systems in the evaluation of novel therapeutics for the treatment of CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E M Herman
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Adrian Wiestner
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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39
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Visan S, Balacescu O, Berindan-Neagoe I, Catoi C. In vitro comparative models for canine and human breast cancers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 89:38-49. [PMID: 27004024 PMCID: PMC4777467 DOI: 10.15386/cjmed-519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the past four decades, an increased number of similarities between canine mammary tumors and human breast cancer have been reported: molecular, histological, morphological, clinical and epidemiological, which lead to comparative oncological studies. One of the most important goals in human and veterinary oncology is to discover potential molecular biomarkers that could detect breast cancer in an early stage and to develop new effective therapies. Recently, cancer cell lines have successfully been used as an in vitro model to study the biology of cancer, to investigate molecular pathways and to test the efficiency of anticancer drugs. Moreover, establishment of an experimental animal model for the study of human breast cancer will improve testing potential anti-cancer therapies and the discovery of effective therapeutic schemes suitable for human clinical trials. In this review, we collected data from previous studies that strengthen the value of canine mammary cancer cell lines as an in vitro model for the study of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Visan
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Necropsy and Veterinary Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Immunology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cornel Catoi
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Necropsy and Veterinary Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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40
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Cancer immunology and canine malignant melanoma: A comparative review. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2016; 169:15-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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LeBlanc AK, Mazcko CN, Khanna C. Defining the Value of a Comparative Approach to Cancer Drug Development. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:2133-8. [PMID: 26712689 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Comparative oncology as a tool in drug development requires a deeper examination of the value of the approach and examples of where this approach can satisfy unmet needs. This review seeks to demonstrate types of drug development questions that are best answered by the comparative oncology approach. We believe common perceived risks of the comparative approach relate to uncertainty of how regulatory bodies will prioritize or react to data generated from these unique studies conducted in diseased animals, and how these new data will affect ongoing human clinical trials. We contend that it is reasonable to consider these data as potentially informative and valuable to cancer drug development, but as supplementary to conventional preclinical studies and human clinical trials particularly as they relate to the identification of drug-associated adverse events. Clin Cancer Res; 22(9); 2133-8. ©2015 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Christina N Mazcko
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chand Khanna
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Abstract
Spontaneous cancers in client-owned dogs closely recapitulate their human counterparts with respect to clinical presentation, histological features, molecular profiles, and response and resistance to therapy, as well as the evolution of drug-resistant metastases. In several instances the incorporation of dogs with cancer into the preclinical development path of cancer therapeutics has influenced outcome by helping to establish pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics relationships, dose/regimen, expected clinical toxicities, and ultimately the potential for biologic activity. As our understanding regarding the molecular drivers of canine cancers has improved, unique opportunities have emerged to leverage this spontaneous model to better guide cancer drug development so that therapies likely to fail are eliminated earlier and therapies with true potential are optimized prior to human studies. Both pets and people benefit from this approach, as it provides dogs with access to cutting-edge cancer treatments and helps to insure that people are given treatments more likely to succeed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cheryl A London
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and.,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210;
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43
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Graf R, Grüntzig K, Hässig M, Axhausen K, Fabrikant S, Welle M, Meier D, Guscetti F, Folkers G, Otto V, Pospischil A. Swiss Feline Cancer Registry: A Retrospective Study of the Occurrence of Tumours in Cats in Switzerland from 1965 to 2008. J Comp Pathol 2015; 153:266-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sapareto SA, Vaughan AT, Orton CG. Spontaneous tumors in pets are an excellent translational model for human cancers. Med Phys 2015; 42:6127-9. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4929980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Sapareto
- Radiation Oncology Department, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, Arizona 85234 (Tel: 480‐256‐3317; E‐mail: )
| | - Andrew T. Vaughan
- Radiation Oncology Department, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817 (Tel: 916‐734‐8726; E‐mail: )
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45
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Horas K, Zheng Y, Zhou H, Seibel MJ. Animal Models for Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone: Opportunities and Limitations. Cancer Invest 2015; 33:459-68. [DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2015.1065500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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46
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Yan Y, Chen N, Wang Y, Wang K. The application of antitumor drug-targeting models on liver cancer. Drug Deliv 2015; 23:1667-75. [PMID: 26289213 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1064188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocarcinoma animal models, such as the induced tumor model, transplanted tumor model, gene animal model, are significant experimental tools for the evaluation of targeting drug delivery system as well as the pre-clinical studies of liver cancer. The application of antitumor drug-targeting models not only furnishes similar biological characteristics to human liver cancer but also offers guarantee of pharmacokinetic indicators of the liver-targeting preparations. In this article, we have reviewed some kinds of antitumor drug-targeting models of hepatoma and speculated that the research on this field would be capable of attaining a deeper level and expecting a superior achievement in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- a School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
| | - Ningbo Chen
- b Surgical Department of Emergency Center, The People's Hospital of Sichuan Province , Sichuan , China and
| | - Yunbing Wang
- c National Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , China
| | - Ke Wang
- a School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi , China
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47
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Adelfinger M, Bessler S, Frentzen A, Cecil A, Langbein-Laugwitz J, Gentschev I, Szalay AA. Preclinical Testing Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Strain GLV-5b451 Expressing an Anti-VEGF Single-Chain Antibody for Canine Cancer Therapy. Viruses 2015. [PMID: 26205404 PMCID: PMC4517140 DOI: 10.3390/v7072811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Virotherapy on the basis of oncolytic vaccinia virus (VACV) strains is a novel approach for canine cancer therapy. Here we describe, for the first time, the characterization and the use of VACV strain GLV-5b451 expressing the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) single-chain antibody (scAb) GLAF-2 as therapeutic agent against different canine cancers. Cell culture data demonstrated that GLV-5b451 efficiently infected and destroyed all four tested canine cancer cell lines including: mammary carcinoma (MTH52c), mammary adenoma (ZMTH3), prostate carcinoma (CT1258), and soft tissue sarcoma (STSA-1). The GLV-5b451 virus-mediated production of GLAF-2 antibody was observed in all four cancer cell lines. In addition, this antibody specifically recognized canine VEGF. Finally, in canine soft tissue sarcoma (CSTS) xenografted mice, a single systemic administration of GLV-5b451 was found to be safe and led to anti-tumor effects resulting in the significant reduction and substantial long-term inhibition of tumor growth. A CD31-based immuno-staining showed significantly decreased neo-angiogenesis in GLV-5b451-treated tumors compared to the controls. In summary, these findings indicate that GLV-5b451 has potential for use as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of CSTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Adelfinger
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Simon Bessler
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Alexa Frentzen
- Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
| | - Alexander Cecil
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Department of Bioinformatics, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, Biocenter, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Johanna Langbein-Laugwitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Ivaylo Gentschev
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
| | - Aladar A Szalay
- Department of Biochemistry, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, University of Wuerzburg, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
- Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rebecca & John Moores Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Seiler SMF, Baumgartner C, Hirschberger J, Beer AJ, Brühschwein A, Kreutzmann N, Laberke S, Wergin MC, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Brandl J, von Thaden AK, Farrell E, Schwaiger M. Comparative Oncology: Evaluation of 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) for the Staging of Dogs with Malignant Tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127800. [PMID: 26068641 PMCID: PMC4466332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction 2-Deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose PET/CT is a well-established imaging method for staging, restaging and therapy-control in human medicine. In veterinary medicine, this imaging method could prove to be an attractive and innovative alternative to conventional imaging in order to improve staging and restaging. The aim of this study was both to evaluate the effectiveness of this image-guided method in canine patients with spontaneously occurring cancer as well as to illustrate the dog as a well-suited animal model for comparative oncology. Methods Ten dogs with various malignant tumors were included in the study and underwent a whole body FDG PET/CT. One patient has a second PET-CT 5 months after the first study. Patients were diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma (n = 1), malignant lymphoma (n = 2), mammary carcinoma (n = 4), sertoli cell tumor (n = 1), gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (n = 1) and lung tumor (n = 1). PET/CT data were analyzed with the help of a 5-point scale in consideration of the patients’ medical histories. Results In seven of the ten dogs, the treatment protocol and prognosis were significantly changed due to the results of FDG PET/CT. In the patients with lymphoma (n = 2) tumor extent could be defined on PET/CT because of increased FDG uptake in multiple lymph nodes. This led to the recommendation for a therapeutic polychemotherapy as a treatment. In one of the dogs with mammary carcinoma (n = 4) and in the patient with the lung tumor (n = 1), surgery was cancelled due to the discovery of multiple metastasis. Consequently no treatment was recommended. Conclusion FDG PET/CT offers additional information in canine patients with malignant disease with a potential improvement of staging and restaging. The encouraging data of this clinical study highlights the possibility to further improve innovative diagnostic and staging methods with regard to comparative oncology. In the future, performing PET/CT not only for staging but also in therapy control could offer a significant improvement in the management of dogs with malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie M F Seiler
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany; Center of Preclinical Research, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Baumgartner
- Center of Preclinical Research, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Hirschberger
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Ambros J Beer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Brühschwein
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Kreutzmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Silja Laberke
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie C Wergin
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Center for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic for Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, Ludwig, Maximilians Universität, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Brandl
- Center of Preclinical Research, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Eliane Farrell
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
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49
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Dhuria RS, Singh G, Kaur A, Kaur R, Kaur T. Current status and patent prospective of animal models in diabetic research. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 4:117. [PMID: 26261819 PMCID: PMC4513317 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.157847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous complex metabolic disorder with multiple etiology which characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The widespread occurrence of diabetes throughout the world has increased dramatically over the past few years. For better understanding, appropriate animal models that closely mimic the changes in humans needed, as vital tool for understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease at the cellular/molecular level and for preclinical testing of drugs. This review aims to describe the animal models of type-1 diabetes (T1Ds) and T2Ds to mimic the causes and progression of the disease in humans. And also we highlight patent applications published in the last few years related to animal models in diabetes as an important milestone for future therapies that are aim to treating diabetes with specific symptoms and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhey S. Dhuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anudeep Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tanurajvir Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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50
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Finocchiaro LME, Fondello C, Gil-Cardeza ML, Rossi ÚA, Villaverde MS, Riveros MD, Glikin GC. Cytokine-Enhanced Vaccine and Interferon-β plus Suicide Gene Therapy as Surgery Adjuvant Treatments for Spontaneous Canine Melanoma. Hum Gene Ther 2015; 26:367-76. [PMID: 25762364 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2014.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We present here a nonviral immunogene therapy trial for canine malignant melanoma, an aggressive disease displaying significant clinical and histopathological overlapping with human melanoma. As a surgery adjuvant approach, it comprised the co-injection of lipoplexes bearing herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and canine interferon-β genes at the time of surgery, combined with the periodic administration of a subcutaneous genetic vaccine composed of tumor extracts and lipoplexes carrying the genes of human interleukin-2 and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Following complete surgery (CS), the combined treatment (CT) significantly raised the portion of local disease-free canine patients from 11% to 83% and distant metastases-free (M0) from 44% to 89%, as compared with surgery-only-treated controls (ST). Even after partial surgery (PS), CT better controlled the systemic disease (M0: 82%) than ST (M0: 48%). Moreover, compared with ST, CT caused a significant 7-fold (CS) and 4-fold (PS) rise of overall survival, and >17-fold (CS) and >13-fold (PS) rise of metastasis-free survival. The dramatic increase of PS metastasis-free survival (>1321 days) and CS recurrence- and metastasis-free survival (both >2251 days) demonstrated that CT was shifting a rapidly lethal disease into a chronic one. In conclusion, this surgery adjuvant CT was able of significantly delaying or preventing postsurgical recurrence and distant metastasis, increasing disease-free and overall survival, and maintaining the quality of life. The high number of canine patients involved in CT (301) and the extensive follow-up (>6 years) with minimal or absent toxicity warrant the long-term safety and efficacy of this treatment. This successful clinical outcome justifies attempting a similar scheme for human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana M E Finocchiaro
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Chiara Fondello
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María L Gil-Cardeza
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Úrsula A Rossi
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela S Villaverde
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María D Riveros
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo C Glikin
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Instituto de Oncología "Ángel H. Roffo," Universidad de Buenos Aires , 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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