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Zhang S, Kiarasi F. Therapeutic effects of resveratrol on epigenetic mechanisms in age-related diseases: A comprehensive review. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2347-2360. [PMID: 38421057 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Recently, various studies have shown that epigenetic changes are associated with aging and age-related diseases. Both animal and human models have revealed that epigenetic processes are involved in aging mechanisms. These processes happen at multiple levels and include histone modification, DNA methylation, and changes in noncoding RNA expression. Consequently, changes in the organization of chromatin and DNA accessibility lead to the regulation of gene expression. With increasing awareness of the pivotal function of epigenetics in the aging process, researchers' attention has been drawn to how these epigenetic changes can be modified to prevent, stop, or reverse aging, senescence, and age-related diseases. Among various agents that can affect epigenetic, polyphenols are well-known phytochemicals found in fruits, vegetables, and plants. Polyphenols are found to modify epigenetic-related mechanisms in various diseases and conditions, such as metabolic disorders, obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Resveratrol (RSV) is a member of the stilbene subgroup of polyphenols which is derived from various plants, such as grapes, apples, and blueberries. Therefore, herein, we aim to summarize how RSV affects different epigenetic processes to change aging-related mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss its roles in age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farzam Kiarasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Zhang Y, Chen Q. Novel insights into osteocyte and inter-organ/tissue crosstalk. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1308408. [PMID: 38685911 PMCID: PMC11057460 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1308408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteocyte, a cell type living within the mineralized bone matrix and connected to each other by means of numerous dendrites, appears to play a major role in body homeostasis. Benefiting from the maturation of osteocyte extraction and culture technique, many cross-sectional studies have been conducted as a subject of intense research in recent years, illustrating the osteocyte-organ/tissue communication not only mechanically but also biochemically. The present review comprehensively evaluates the new research work on the possible crosstalk between osteocyte and closely situated or remote vital organs/tissues. We aim to bring together recent key advances and discuss the mutual effect of osteocyte and brain, kidney, vascular calcification, muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and tumor metastasis and elucidate the therapeutic potential of osteocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingchang Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
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3
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Alsamri H, Al Dhaheri Y, Iratni R. Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by the Phytopolyphenol Carnosol: ROS-Dependent Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1349. [PMID: 37507889 PMCID: PMC10376170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which lacks the expression of the three hormone receptors (i.e., estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor), is characterized by a high proliferative index, high invasiveness, poor prognosis, early relapse, and a tendency to be present in advanced stages. These characteristics rank TNBC among the most aggressive and lethal forms of breast cancer. The lack of the three receptors renders conventional hormonal therapy ineffective against TNBC. Moreover, there are no clinically approved therapies that specifically target TNBC, and the currently used chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, taxanes, and other platinum compounds, have a limited clinical effect and develop chemoresistance over time. Phytochemicals have shown efficacy against several types of cancer, including TNBC, by targeting several pathways involved in cancer development and progression. In this review, we focus on one phytochemical carnosol, a natural polyphenolic terpenoid with strong anti-TNBC effects and its ROS-dependent molecular mechanisms of action. We discuss how carnosol targets key pathways and proteins regulating the cell cycle, growth, epigenetic regulators, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC. This review identifies carnosol as a potential novel targeting protein degradation molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Alsamri
- General Requirement Department, Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain P.O. Box 24162, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yusra Al Dhaheri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Keshawa Ediriweera M. Fatty acids as histone deacetylase inhibitors: old biochemistry tales in a new life sciences town. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103569. [PMID: 36990144 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Histone acetylation is a key epigenetic event. Although the keywords fatty acids, histones, and histone acetylation have a long history in biochemistry, these topics continue to attract much attention among researchers. The acetylation of histones is controlled by the activities of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). An imbalance in the activities of HATs and HDACs is common in a range of human cancers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) can restore dysregulated histone acetylation profiles in cancer cells and have been identified as promising anti-cancer therapeutics. Short-chain fatty acids mediate anti-cancer effects by inhibiting the activity of HDACs. Recent studies have identified odd-chain fatty acids as novel HDACi. This review summarizes recent findings regarding fatty acids as HDACi in cancer therapy. Teaser: Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity by fatty acids.
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5
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Tanaka A, Watanabe S. How to improve the clinical outcome of round spermatid injection (ROSI) into the oocyte: Correction of epigenetic abnormalities. Reprod Med Biol 2023; 22:e12503. [PMID: 36789269 PMCID: PMC9909386 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background First successful human round spermatid injection (ROSI) was conducted by Tesarik et al. in 1996 for the sole treatment of nonobstructive azoospermic men whose most advanced spermatogenic cells were elongating round spermatids. Nine offsprings from ROSI were reported between 1996 and 2000. No successful deliveries were reported for 15 years after that. Tanaka et al. reported 90 babies born after ROSI and their follow-up studies in 2015 and 2018 showed no significant differences in comparison with those born after natural conception in terms of physical and cognitive abilities. However, clinical outcomes remain low. Method Clinical and laboratory data of successful cases in the precursor ROSI groups and those of Tanaka et al. were reviewed. Results Differences were found between the two groups in terms of identification of characteristics of round spermatid and oocyte activation. Additionally, epigenetic abnormalities were identified as underlying causes for poor ROSI results, besides correct identification of round spermatid and adequate oocyte activation. Correction of epigenetic errors could lead to optimal embryonic development. Conclusion Correction of epigenetic abnormalities has a probability to improve the clinical outcome of ROSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySaint Mother ClinicKitakyushuJapan,Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyJuntendo University School of MedicineBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Anatomical ScienceHirosaki University Graduate School of MedicineAomoriJapan
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6
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Milazzotto MP, Ispada J, de Lima CB. Metabolism-epigenetic interactions on in vitro produced embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 35:84-97. [PMID: 36592974 DOI: 10.1071/rd22203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and epigenetics, which reciprocally regulate each other in different cell types, are fundamental aspects of cellular adaptation to the environment. Evidence in cancer and stem cells has shown that the metabolic status modifies the epigenome while epigenetic mechanisms regulate the expression of genes involved in metabolic processes, thereby altering the metabolome. This crosstalk occurs as many metabolites serve as substrates or cofactors of chromatin-modifying enzymes. If we consider the intense metabolic dynamic and the epigenetic remodelling of the embryo, the comprehension of these regulatory networks will be important not only for understanding early embryonic development, but also to determine in vitro culture conditions that support embryo development and may insert positive regulatory marks that may persist until adult life. In this review, we focus on how metabolism may affect epigenetic reprogramming of the early stages of development, in particular acetylation and methylation of histone and DNA. We also present other metabolic modifications in bovine embryos, such as lactylation, highlighting the promising epigenetic and metabolic targets to improve conditions for in vitro embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Pecora Milazzotto
- Laboratory of Embryo Metabolism and Epigenomic, Center of Natural and Human Science, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Jessica Ispada
- Laboratory of Embryo Metabolism and Epigenomic, Center of Natural and Human Science, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Bruna de Lima
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle (CRDSI), Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté des Sciences de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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7
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Wagner A, Kosnacova H, Chovanec M, Jurkovicova D. Mitochondrial Genetic and Epigenetic Regulations in Cancer: Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147897. [PMID: 35887244 PMCID: PMC9321253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles managing crucial processes of cellular metabolism and bioenergetics. Enabling rapid cellular adaptation to altered endogenous and exogenous environments, mitochondria play an important role in many pathophysiological states, including cancer. Being under the control of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA (mtDNA and nDNA), mitochondria adjust their activity and biogenesis to cell demands. In cancer, numerous mutations in mtDNA have been detected, which do not inactivate mitochondrial functions but rather alter energy metabolism to support cancer cell growth. Increasing evidence suggests that mtDNA mutations, mtDNA epigenetics and miRNA regulations dynamically modify signalling pathways in an altered microenvironment, resulting in cancer initiation and progression and aberrant therapy response. In this review, we discuss mitochondria as organelles importantly involved in tumorigenesis and anti-cancer therapy response. Tumour treatment unresponsiveness still represents a serious drawback in current drug therapies. Therefore, studying aspects related to genetic and epigenetic control of mitochondria can open a new field for understanding cancer therapy response. The urgency of finding new therapeutic regimens with better treatment outcomes underlines the targeting of mitochondria as a suitable candidate with new therapeutic potential. Understanding the role of mitochondria and their regulation in cancer development, progression and treatment is essential for the development of new safe and effective mitochondria-based therapeutic regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wagner
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Helena Kosnacova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Department of Simulation and Virtual Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Chovanec
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Dana Jurkovicova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.W.); (H.K.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Pan X. Cholesterol Metabolism in Chronic Kidney Disease: Physiology, Pathologic Mechanisms, and Treatment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:119-143. [PMID: 35503178 PMCID: PMC11106795 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High plasma levels of lipids and/or lipoproteins are risk factors for atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, and diabetes. These four conditions have also been identified as risk factors leading to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although many pathways that generate high plasma levels of these factors have been identified, most clinical and physiologic dysfunction results from aberrant assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. The results of several published studies suggest that elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol are a risk factor for atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary artery calcification associated with type 2 diabetes, and NAFLD. Cholesterol metabolism has also been identified as an important pathway contributing to the development of CKD; clinical treatments designed to alter various steps of the cholesterol synthesis and metabolism pathway are currently under study. Cholesterol synthesis and catabolism contribute to a multistep process with pathways that are regulated at the cellular level in renal tissue. Cholesterol metabolism may also be regulated by the balance between the influx and efflux of cholesterol molecules that are capable of crossing the membrane of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells and podocytes. Cellular accumulation of cholesterol can result in lipotoxicity and ultimately kidney dysfunction and failure. Thus, further research focused on cholesterol metabolism pathways will be necessary to improve our understanding of the impact of cholesterol restriction, which is currently a primary intervention recommended for patients with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Pan
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA.
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9
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Abstract
Osteocytes, former osteoblasts encapsulated by mineralized bone matrix, are far from being passive and metabolically inactive bone cells. Instead, osteocytes are multifunctional and dynamic cells capable of integrating hormonal and mechanical signals and transmitting them to effector cells in bone and in distant tissues. Osteocytes are a major source of molecules that regulate bone homeostasis by integrating both mechanical cues and hormonal signals that coordinate the differentiation and function of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Osteocyte function is altered in both rare and common bone diseases, suggesting that osteocyte dysfunction is directly involved in the pathophysiology of several disorders affecting the skeleton. Advances in osteocyte biology initiated the development of novel therapeutics interfering with osteocyte-secreted molecules. Moreover, osteocytes are targets and key distributors of biological signals mediating the beneficial effects of several bone therapeutics used in the clinic. Here we review the most recent discoveries in osteocyte biology demonstrating that osteocytes regulate bone homeostasis and bone marrow fat via paracrine signaling, influence body composition and energy metabolism via endocrine signaling, and contribute to the damaging effects of diabetes mellitus and hematologic and metastatic cancers in the skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Delgado-Calle
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,2Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Teresita Bellido
- 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,2Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas,3Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas
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10
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Flausino CS, Daniel FI, Modolo F. DNA methylation in oral squamous cell carcinoma: from its role in carcinogenesis to potential inhibitor drugs. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 164:103399. [PMID: 34147646 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of epigenetic changes most frequently studied nowadays, together with its relationship with oral carcinogenesis. A group of enzymes is responsible for methylation process, known as DNA methyltransferases (DNMT). Although essential during embryogenesis, DNA methylation pattern alterations, including global hypomethylation or gene promoter hypermethylation, can be respectively associated with chromosomal instability and tumor suppressor gene silencing. Higher expression of DNA methyltransferases is a common finding in oral cancer and may contribute to inactivation of important tumor suppressor genes, influencing development, progression, metastasis, and prognosis of the tumor. To control these alterations, inhibitor drugs have been developed as a way to regulate DNMT overexpression, and they are intended to be associated with ongoing chemo- and radiotherapy in oral cancer treatments. In this article, we aimed to highlight the current knowledge about DNA methylation in oral cancer, including main hyper/hypomethylated genes, DNMT expression and its inhibitor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipe Ivan Daniel
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Filipe Modolo
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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11
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Abstract
Life emerges from complicated and sophisticated chemical networks comprising numerous biomolecules (e.g., nucleic acids, proteins, sugars, and lipids) and chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes. Dysregulation of these chemical networks is linked to the emergence of diseases. Our research goal is to develop abiotic chemical catalysts that can intervene into life's chemical networks by complementing, surrogating, or exceeding enzymes in living cells or multicellular organisms such as animals or plants. Mending dysregulated networks in pathological states by the chemical catalysts will lead to a new medicinal strategy, catalysis medicine. This research direction will also advance catalysis science, because highly active and selective chemical catalysts must be developed to promote the intended reactions in a complex mixture of life in aqueous solution at body temperature.Epigenetics exists at the crossroads of chemistry, biology, and medicine and is a suitable field to pursue this idea. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones epigenetically regulate chromatin functions and gene transcription and are intimately related to various diseases. Investigating the functions and cross-talk of histone PTMs is crucial for mechanistic elucidation of diseases and their treatments. We launched a program to develop chemical catalysts enabling endogenous histone modifications in living cells without relying on enzymes. We reported two types of chemical catalyst systems so far for synthetic histone acylation. The first system comprised a DNA-binding oligo-4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) catalyst and a phenyl ester acyl donor, PAc-gly. This system promoted histone hyperacetylation in Xenopus laevis sperm chromatin. Using the thus-synthesized hyperacetylated sperm chromatin, we found a novel relationship between histone acetylation and DNA replication. The second system involved a histone-binding catalyst, LANA-DSH, composed of a catalytic motif (DSH) and a histone-binding peptide ligand (LANA), and thioester acyl donors, including endogenous acyl-CoA. This system regioselectively (i.e., selectively to a lysine residue at a specific position) acylated lysine 120 of histone H2B (H2BK120), a lysine residue proximal to the DSH motif defined by binding of the LANA ligand to a nucleosome substrate. This catalyst system was optimized to achieve H2BK120-selective acetylation in living cells without genetic manipulation. The synthetically introduced H2BK120Ac inhibited enzyme-catalyzed ubiquitination at the same lysine residue, acting as a protecting group. H2BK120Ub is a mark recognized by methyltransferase that plays an essential role in mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia, suggesting the potential of the catalyst system as an epigenetic tool and a cancer therapy. We also discuss the prospects of chemical catalyst-promoted synthetic epigenetics for future PTM studies and therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiko Nozaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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12
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Fang Z, Wang X, Sun X, Hu W, Miao QR. The Role of Histone Protein Acetylation in Regulating Endothelial Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672447. [PMID: 33996829 PMCID: PMC8113824 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC), consisting of the innermost cellular layer of all types of vessels, is not only a barrier composer but also performing multiple functions in physiological processes. It actively controls the vascular tone and the extravasation of water, solutes, and macromolecules; modulates circulating immune cells as well as platelet and leukocyte recruitment/adhesion and activation. In addition, EC also tightly keeps coagulation/fibrinolysis balance and plays a major role in angiogenesis. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Growing pieces of evidence suggest that histone protein acetylation, an epigenetic mark, is altered in ECs under different conditions, and the acetylation status change at different lysine sites on histone protein plays a key role in endothelial dysfunction and involved in hyperglycemia, hypertension, inflammatory disease, cancer and so on. In this review, we highlight the importance of histone acetylation in regulating endothelial functions and discuss the roles of histone acetylation across the transcriptional unit of protein-coding genes in ECs under different disease-related pathophysiological processes. Since histone acetylation changes are conserved and reversible, the knowledge of histone acetylation in endothelial function regulation could provide insights to develop epigenetic interventions in preventing or treating endothelial dysfunction-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Fang
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoran Sun
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Wenquan Hu
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
| | - Qing R. Miao
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, United States
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13
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Li Q, Zhang Z, Fan Y, Zhang Q. Epigenetic Alterations in Renal Cell Cancer With TKIs Resistance: From Mechanisms to Clinical Applications. Front Genet 2021; 11:562868. [PMID: 33510766 PMCID: PMC7835797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.562868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been a major breakthrough in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) therapy. Unfortunately, a portion of patients with TKIs resistance experience disease progression after TKIs therapy. Epigenetic alterations play an important role in the development of TKIs resistance. Current evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations occur frequently in RCC patients with poor response to TKIs therapy, and modulation of them could enhance the cytotoxic effect of antitumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the currently known epigenetic alterations relating to TKIs resistance in RCC, focusing on DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), histone modifications, and their interactions with TKIs treatment. In addition, we discuss application of epigenetic alteration analyses in the clinical setting to predict prognosis of patients with TKIs treatment, and the potential use of epigenetics-based therapies to surmount TKIs resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhan Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Urology, National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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The Role of Histone Acetylation-/Methylation-Mediated Apoptotic Gene Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238894. [PMID: 33255318 PMCID: PMC7727670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics, an inheritable phenomenon, which influences the expression of gene without altering the DNA sequence, offers a new perspective on the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is projected to account for a significant share of HCC incidence due to the growing prevalence of various metabolic disorders. One of the major molecular mechanisms involved in epigenetic regulation, post-translational histone modification seems to coordinate various aspects of NASH which will further progress to HCC. Mounting evidence suggests that the orchestrated events of cellular and nuclear changes during apoptosis can be regulated by histone modifications. This review focuses on the current advances in the study of acetylation-/methylation-mediated histone modification in apoptosis and the implication of these epigenetic regulations in HCC. The reversibility of epigenetic alterations and the agents that can target these alterations offers novel therapeutic approaches and strategies for drug development. Further molecular mechanistic studies are required to enhance information governing these epigenetic modulators, which will facilitate the design of more effective diagnosis and treatment options.
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15
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Idrissou M, Lebert A, Boisnier T, Sanchez A, Houfaf Khoufaf FZ, Penault-Llorca F, Bignon YJ, Bernard-Gallon D. Digging Deeper into Breast Cancer Epigenetics: Insights from Chemical Inhibition of Histone Acetyltransferase TIP60 In Vitro. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:581-591. [PMID: 32960142 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is often sporadic due to several factors. Among them, the deregulation of epigenetic proteins may be involved. TIP60 or KAT5 is an acetyltransferase that regulates gene transcription through the chromatin structure. This pleiotropic protein acts in several cellular pathways by acetylating proteins. RNA and protein expressions of TIP60 were shown to decrease in some breast cancer subtypes, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), where a low expression of TIP60 was exhibited compared with luminal subtypes. In this study, the inhibition of the residual activity of TIP60 in breast cancer cell lines was investigated by using two chemical inhibitors, TH1834 and NU9056, first on the acetylation of the specific target, lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) by immunoblotting, and second, by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR (-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction). Subsequently, significant decreases or a trend toward decrease of H3K4ac in the different chromatin compartments were observed. In addition, the expression of 48 human nuclear receptors was studied with TaqMan Low-Density Array in these breast cancer cell lines treated with TIP60 inhibitors. The statistical analysis allowed us to comprehensively characterize the androgen receptor and NR3C2 receptors in TNBC cell lines after TH1834 or NU9056 treatment. The understanding of the residual activity of TIP60 in the evolution of breast cancer might be a major asset in the fight against this disease, and could allow TIP60 to be used as a biomarker or therapeutic target for breast cancer progression in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamed Idrissou
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Andre Lebert
- University Blaise Pascal, Institut Pascal UMR 6602 CNRS/UBP, Aubière, France
| | - Tiphanie Boisnier
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anna Sanchez
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fatma Zohra Houfaf Khoufaf
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédérique Penault-Llorca
- INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Biopathology, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves-Jean Bignon
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dominique Bernard-Gallon
- Department of Oncogenetics, Centre Jean Perrin, CBRV, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM-UMR 1240-Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Clermont-Ferrand, France
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16
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Bian J, Dannappel M, Wan C, Firestein R. Transcriptional Regulation of Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092125. [PMID: 32961708 PMCID: PMC7564852 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway exerts integral roles in embryogenesis and adult homeostasis. Aberrant activation of the pathway is implicated in growth-associated diseases and cancers, especially as a key driver in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Loss or inactivation of Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) results in constitutive activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is considered as an initiating event in the development of CRC. Increased Wnt/β-catenin signaling is observed in virtually all CRC patients, underscoring the importance of this pathway for therapeutic intervention. Prior studies have deciphered the regulatory networks required for the cytoplasmic stabilisation or degradation of the Wnt pathway effector, β-catenin. However, the mechanism whereby nuclear β-catenin drives or inhibits expression of Wnt target genes is more diverse and less well characterised. Here, we describe a brief synopsis of the core canonical Wnt pathway components, set the spotlight on nuclear mediators and highlight the emerging role of chromatin regulators as modulators of β-catenin-dependent transcription activity and oncogenic output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Bian
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Marius Dannappel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Chunhua Wan
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (J.B.); (M.D.); (C.W.)
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
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17
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Milazzotto MP, de Lima CB, da Fonseca AM, dos Santos EC, Ispada J. Erasing gametes to write blastocysts: metabolism as the new player in epigenetic reprogramming. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200015. [PMID: 33029209 PMCID: PMC7534565 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding preimplantation embryonic development is crucial for the improvement of assisted reproductive technologies and animal production. To achieve this goal, it is important to consider that gametes and embryos are highly susceptible to environmental changes. Beyond the metabolic adaptation, the dynamic status imposed during follicular growth and early embryogenesis may create marks that will guide the molecular regulation during prenatal development, and consequently impact the offspring phenotype. In this context, metaboloepigenetics has gained attention, as it investigates the crosstalk between metabolism and molecular control, i.e., how substrates generated by metabolic pathways may also act as players of epigenetic modifications. In this review, we present the main metabolic and epigenetic events of pre-implantation development, and how these systems connect to open possibilities for targeted manipulation of reproductive technologies and animal production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Pecora Milazzotto
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Camila Bruna de Lima
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
- Département des Sciences Animales, Centre de Recherche en Reproduction, Développement et Santé Intergénérationnelle, Faculté des Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aldcejam Martins da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
| | - Erika Cristina dos Santos
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
| | - Jessica Ispada
- Laboratório de Epigenética e Metabolismo Embrionário, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brasil
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18
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Karaman EF, Zeybel M, Ozden S. Evaluation of the epigenetic alterations and gene expression levels of HepG2 cells exposed to zearalenone and α-zearalenol. Toxicol Lett 2020; 326:52-60. [PMID: 32119988 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone, produced by various Fusarium species, is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that contaminates cereals, resulting in adverse effects on human health. We investigated the effects of zearalenone and its metabolite alpha zearalenol on epigenetic modifications and its relationship with metabolic pathways in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells following 24 h of exposure. Zearalenone and alpha zearalenol at the concentrations of 1, 10 and 50 μM significantly increased global levels of DNA methylation and global histone modifications (H3K27me3, H3K9me3, H3K9ac). Expression levels of the chromatin modifying enzymes EHMT2, ESCO1, HAT1, KAT2B, PRMT6 and SETD8 were upregulated by 50 μM of zearalenone exposure using PCR arrays, consistent with the results of global histone modifications. Zearalenone and alpha zearalenol also changed expression levels of the AhR, LXRα, PPARα, PPARɣ, L-fabp, LDLR, Glut2, Akt1 and HK2 genes, which are related to nuclear receptors and metabolic pathways. PPARɣ, a key regulator of lipid metabolism, was selected from among these genes for further analysis. The PPARɣ promoter reduced methylation significantly following zearalenone exposure. Taken together, the epigenetic mechanisms of DNA methylation and histone modifications may be key mechanisms in zearalenone toxicity. Furthermore, effects of zearalenone in metabolic pathways could be mediated by epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Fatma Karaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116, Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Zeybel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Koç University, 34010, Topkapi, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ozden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116, Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.
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19
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Macromolecular Crowding Increases the Affinity of the PHD of ING4 for the Histone H3K4me3 Mark. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020234. [PMID: 32033221 PMCID: PMC7072245 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The five members of the family of tumor suppressors ING contain a Plant Homeodomain (PHD) that specifically recognizes histone H3 trimethylated at lysine 4 (H3K4me3) with an affinity in the low micromolar range. Here, we use NMR to show that in the presence of 15% Ficoll 70, an inert macromolecular crowding agent, the mode of binding does not change but the affinity increases by one order of magnitude. The affinity increases also for unmethylated histone H3 tail, but the difference with H3K4me3 is larger in the presence of Ficoll. These results indicate that in the cellular milieu, the affinity of the ING proteins for their chromatin target is larger than previously thought.
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20
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Aoki K, Nakamura H, Suzuki H, Matsuo K, Kataoka K, Shimamura T, Motomura K, Ohka F, Shiina S, Yamamoto T, Nagata Y, Yoshizato T, Mizoguchi M, Abe T, Momii Y, Muragaki Y, Watanabe R, Ito I, Sanada M, Yajima H, Morita N, Takeuchi I, Miyano S, Wakabayashi T, Ogawa S, Natsume A. Prognostic relevance of genetic alterations in diffuse lower-grade gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2019; 20:66-77. [PMID: 29016839 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) are genetically classified into 3 distinct subtypes based on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status and codeletion of chromosome 1p and 19q (1p/19q). However, the subtype-specific effects of additional genetic lesions on survival are largely unknown. Methods Using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, we investigated the subtype-specific effects of genetic alterations and clinicopathological factors on survival in each LGG subtype, in a Japanese cohort of LGG cases fully genotyped for driver mutations and copy number variations associated with LGGs (n = 308). The results were validated using a dataset from 414 LGG cases available from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results In Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q codeleted, NOTCH1 mutations (P = 0.0041) and incomplete resection (P = 0.0019) were significantly associated with shorter survival. In Astrocytoma, IDH-mutant, PIK3R1 mutations (P = 0.0014) and altered retinoblastoma pathway genes (RB1, CDKN2A, and CDK4) (P = 0.013) were independent predictors of poor survival. In IDH-wildtype LGGs, co-occurrence of 7p gain, 10q loss, mutation in the TERT promoter (P = 0.024), and grade III histology (P < 0.0001) independently predicted poor survival. IDH-wildtype LGGs without any of these factors were diagnosed at a younger age (P = 0.042), and were less likely to have genetic lesions characteristic of glioblastoma, in comparison with other IDH-wildtype LGGs, suggesting that they likely represented biologically different subtypes. These results were largely confirmed in the cohort of TCGA. Conclusions Subtype-specific genetic lesions can be used to stratify patients within each LGG subtype. enabling better prognostication and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Aoki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nagata
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tetsuichi Yoshizato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mizoguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Momii
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Watanabe
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Ito
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sanada
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Yajima
- Department of Scientific and Engineering Simulation, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Morita
- Department of Scientific and Engineering Simulation, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Department of Computer Science/Research Institute for Information Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Materials Research by Information Integration, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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21
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Marsh DJ, Dickson KA. Writing Histone Monoubiquitination in Human Malignancy-The Role of RING Finger E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010067. [PMID: 30669413 PMCID: PMC6356280 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence highlighting the importance of monoubiquitination as part of the histone code. Monoubiquitination, the covalent attachment of a single ubiquitin molecule at specific lysines of histone tails, has been associated with transcriptional elongation and the DNA damage response. Sites function as scaffolds or docking platforms for proteins involved in transcription or DNA repair; however, not all sites are equal, with some sites resulting in actively transcribed chromatin and others associated with gene silencing. All events are written by E3 ubiquitin ligases, predominantly of the RING (really interesting new gene) finger type. One of the most well-studied events is monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub1), written predominantly by the RING finger complex RNF20-RNF40 and generally associated with active transcription. Monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine 119 (H2AK119ub1) is also well-studied, its E3 ubiquitin ligase constituting part of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 1 (PRC1), RING1B-BMI1, associated with transcriptional silencing. Both modifications are activated as part of the DNA damage response. Histone monoubiquitination is a key epigenomic event shaping the chromatin landscape of malignancy and influencing how cells respond to DNA damage. This review discusses a number of these sites and the E3 RING finger ubiquitin ligases that write them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J Marsh
- University of Technology Sydney, Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Kristie-Ann Dickson
- University of Technology Sydney, Translational Oncology Group, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
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22
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Yamatsugu K, Kawashima SA, Kanai M. Leading approaches in synthetic epigenetics for novel therapeutic strategies. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2018; 46:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Chen K, Bennett SA, Rana N, Yousuf H, Said M, Taaseen S, Mendo N, Meltser SM, Torrente MP. Neurodegenerative Disease Proteinopathies Are Connected to Distinct Histone Post-translational Modification Landscapes. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:838-848. [PMID: 29243911 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are devastating neurodegenerative diseases involving the progressive degeneration of neurons. No cure is available for patients diagnosed with these diseases. A prominent feature of both ALS and PD is the accumulation of protein inclusions in the cytoplasm of degenerating neurons; however, the particular proteins constituting these inclusions vary: the RNA-binding proteins TDP-43 and FUS are most notable in ALS, while α-synuclein aggregates into Lewy bodies in PD. In both diseases, genetic causes fail to explain the occurrence of a large proportion of cases, and thus, both are considered mostly sporadic. Despite mounting evidence for a possible role of epigenetics in the occurrence and progression of ALS and PD, epigenetic mechanisms in the context of these diseases remain mostly unexplored. Here we comprehensively delineate histone post-translational modification (PTM) profiles in ALS and PD yeast proteinopathy models. Remarkably, we find distinct changes in histone modification profiles for each. We detect the most striking changes in the context of FUS aggregation: changes in several histone marks support a global decrease in gene transcription. We also detect more modest changes in histone modifications in cells overexpressing TDP-43 or α-synuclein. Our results highlight a great need for the inclusion of epigenetic mechanisms in the study of neurodegeneration. We hope our work will pave the way for the discovery of more effective therapies to treat patients suffering from ALS, PD, and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Chen
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Seth A. Bennett
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Navin Rana
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Huda Yousuf
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Mohamed Said
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Sadiqa Taaseen
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Natalie Mendo
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Steven M. Meltser
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
| | - Mariana P. Torrente
- Chemistry Department of Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, United States
- Ph.D. Programs in Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Biology, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
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24
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Epigenetics and testicular germ cell tumors. Gene 2018; 661:22-33. [PMID: 29605605 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Ahani-Nahayati M, Solali S, Shams Asenjan K, Movassaghpour Akbari AA, Talebi M, Zadi Heydarabad M, Baharaghdam S, Farshdousti Hagh M. Promoter Methylation Status of Survival-Related Genes in MOLT- 4 Cells Co-Cultured with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells under Hypoxic Conditions. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 20:188-194. [PMID: 29633596 PMCID: PMC5893290 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2018.5101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES DNA methylation is a well-studied epigenetic mechanism that is a potent arm of the gene expression controlling machinery. Since the hypoxic situation and the various cells of bone marrow microenvironment, e.g. mesenchymal stem cells, play a role in the in vivo and in vitro biology of leukemic cells, we decided to study the effects of hypoxia and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the promoter methylation pattern of BAX and BCL2 genes. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, the co-culture of MOLT-4 cells with MSCs and treatment with CoCl2 was done during 6, 12, and 24 hour periods. Total DNA was extracted using commercial DNA extraction kits, and sodium bisulfite (SBS) treatment was performed on the extracted DNA. Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to evaluate the methylation status of the selected genes' promoter regions. RESULTS The BAX and BCL2 promoters of untreated MOLT-4 cells were in partial methylated and fully unmethylated states, respectively. After incubating the cancer cells with CoCl2 and MSCs, the MSP results after 6, 12, and 24 hours were the same as untreated MOLT-4 cells. In other words, the exposure of MOLT-4 cells to the hypoxia-mimicry agent and MSCs in various modes and different time frames showed that these factors have exerted no change on the methylation signature of the studied fragments from the promoter region of the mentioned genes. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia and MSCs actually have no notable effect on the methylation status of the promoters of BAX and BCL2 in the specifically studied regions. DNA methylation is probably not the main process by which MSCs and CoCl2 induced hypoxia regulate the expression of these genes. Finally, we are still far from discovering the exact functional mechanisms of gene expression directors, but these investigations can provide new insights into this field for upcoming studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ahani-Nahayati
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center (DARC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Shams Asenjan
- Drug Applied Research Center (DARC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Talebi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Baharaghdam
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Pan MR, Hsu MC, Chen LT, Hung WC. Orchestration of H3K27 methylation: mechanisms and therapeutic implication. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:209-223. [PMID: 28717873 PMCID: PMC5756243 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2596-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Histone proteins constitute the core component of the nucleosome, the basic unit of chromatin. Chemical modifications of histone proteins affect their interaction with genomic DNA, the accessibility of recognized proteins, and the recruitment of enzymatic complexes to activate or diminish specific transcriptional programs to modulate cellular response to extracellular stimuli or insults. Methylation of histone proteins was demonstrated 50 years ago; however, the biological significance of each methylated residue and the integration between these histone markers are still under intensive investigation. Methylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27) is frequently found in the heterochromatin and conceives a repressive marker that is linked with gene silencing. The identification of enzymes that add or erase the methyl group of H3K27 provides novel insights as to how this histone marker is dynamically controlled under different circumstances. Here we summarize the methyltransferases and demethylases involved in the methylation of H3K27 and show the new evidence by which the H3K27 methylation can be established via an alternative mechanism. Finally, the progress of drug development targeting H3K27 methylation-modifying enzymes and their potential application in cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ren Pan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chuan Hsu
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Li-Tzong Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Hung
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
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27
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Zhan W, Liao X, Xie RJ, Tian T, Yu L, Liu X, Liu J, Li P, Han B, Yang T, Zhang B, Cai LJ, Li R, Yang Q. The effects of blueberry anthocyanins on histone acetylation in rat liver fibrosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:96761-96773. [PMID: 29228569 PMCID: PMC5722521 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the effects ofanthocyanins from blueberries on hepatic stellate cell (HSCs-T6) and on histone acetylation during liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats. Fifty male SD rats weighing 180 ± 20g were randomly placed into a control group, a hepatic fibrosis group, a blueberry treatment group, a blueberry intervention group, and a natural recovery group. After the rats were sacrificed, the livers and the liver indexes were measured, and the pathological changes were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. The blood was analyzed for the four indexes of liver fibrosis and liver function; nucleoprotein from liver tissues and karyoplasm were isolated to determine the expression of acH3K9, acH3K14, and acH3K18 by Western blotting. Compared with the lethal rate of the control group, the median lethal rate of HSCs-T6 cells treated with a the 50μmol/L concentration was 66.94% (P < 0.05). The protein expression on α-SMA, type I collagen, TIMP1 significantly decreased (P < 0.05) following treatment with 50 ug/ml of anthocyanin for 36 h; moreover, the expression of acH3K9, acH3K14 and acH3K18 modification were up-regulated (P < 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the liver in the model group, the liver in the intervention group showed the most obvious improvement (P < 0.01), and its karyoplasm had increased expression of acH3K9, acH3K14 and acH3K18 (P<0.01). Regulating histone acetylation could improve liver function and liver fibrosis indexes in rats with hepatic fibrosis. The mechanism might be related to certain genes that promote apoptosis, so as to inhibit the effect of anti hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhan
- General Surgery of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Imaging Department of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ru-Jia Xie
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Imaging Department of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Po Li
- Department of Pathology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Ultrasonic Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Cai
- Department of Neurology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Neurology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Physiology of The Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
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Kobayashi K, Hiraishi K. Design of Probabilistic Boolean Networks Based on Network Structure and Steady-State Probabilities. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2017; 28:1966-1971. [PMID: 27295690 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2016.2572063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this brief, we consider the problem of finding a probabilistic Boolean network (PBN) based on a network structure and desired steady-state properties. In systems biology and synthetic biology, such problems are important as an inverse problem. Using a matrix-based representation of PBNs, a solution method for this problem is proposed. The problem of finding a BN has been studied so far. In the problem of finding a PBN, we must calculate not only the Boolean functions, but also the probabilities of selecting a Boolean function and the number of candidates of the Boolean functions. Hence, the problem of finding a PBN is more difficult than that of finding a BN. The effectiveness of the proposed method is presented by numerical examples.
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Anbalagan M, Sheng M, Fleischer B, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Hoang V, Matossian M, Burks HE, Burow ME, Collins-Burow BM, Hangauer D, Rowan BG. Dual Src Kinase/Pretubulin Inhibitor KX-01, Sensitizes ERα-negative Breast Cancers to Tamoxifen through ERα Reexpression. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1491-1502. [PMID: 28751463 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0297-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Unlike breast cancer that is positive for estrogen receptor-α (ERα), there are no targeted therapies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ERα is silenced in TNBC through epigenetic changes including DNA methylation and histone acetylation. Restoring ERα expression in TNBC may sensitize patients to endocrine therapy. Expression of c-Src and ERα are inversely correlated in breast cancer suggesting that c-Src inhibition may lead to reexpression of ERα in TNBC. KX-01 is a peptide substrate-targeted Src/pretubulin inhibitor in clinical trials for solid tumors. KX-01 (1 mg/kg body weight-twice daily) inhibited growth of tamoxifen-resistant MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-157 TNBC xenografts in nude mice that was correlated with Src kinase inhibition. KX-01 also increased ERα mRNA and protein, as well as increased the ERα targets progesterone receptor (PR), pS2 (TFF1), cyclin D1 (CCND1), and c-myc (MYC) in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, but not MDA-MB-157 xenografts. MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 tumors exhibited reduction in mesenchymal markers (vimentin, β-catenin) and increase in epithelial marker (E-cadherin) suggesting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET). KX-01 sensitized MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 tumors to tamoxifen growth inhibition and tamoxifen repression of the ERα targets pS2, cyclin D1, and c-myc. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of the ERα promoter in KX-01-treated tumors demonstrated enrichment of active transcription marks (acetyl-H3, acetyl-H3Lys9), dissociation of HDAC1, and recruitment of RNA polymerase II. Methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing demonstrated no alteration in ERα promoter methylation by KX-01. These data demonstrate that in addition to Src kinase inhibition, peptidomimetic KX-01 restores ERα expression in TNBC through changes in histone acetylation that sensitize tumors to tamoxifen.Implications: Src kinase/pretubulin inhibitor KX-01 restores functional ERα expression in ERα- breast tumors, a novel treatment strategy to treat triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1491-502. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muralidharan Anbalagan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mei Sheng
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Brian Fleischer
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yifang Zhang
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Taishan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanjun Gao
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China
| | - Van Hoang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Margarite Matossian
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Hope E Burks
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Matthew E Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Bridgette M Collins-Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - David Hangauer
- Athenex Pharmaceuticals LLC, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, New York
| | - Brian G Rowan
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Navarrete-Meneses MDP, Pérez-Vera P. Alteraciones epigenéticas en leucemia linfoblástica aguda. BOLETIN MEDICO DEL HOSPITAL INFANTIL DE MEXICO 2017; 74:243-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmhimx.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Chakravarthi BVSK, Nepal S, Varambally S. Genomic and Epigenomic Alterations in Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 186:1724-35. [PMID: 27338107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple genetic and epigenetic events characterize tumor progression and define the identity of the tumors. Advances in high-throughput technologies, like gene expression profiling, next-generation sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics, have enabled detailed molecular characterization of various tumors. The integration and analyses of these high-throughput data have unraveled many novel molecular aberrations and network alterations in tumors. These molecular alterations include multiple cancer-driving mutations, gene fusions, amplification, deletion, and post-translational modifications, among others. Many of these genomic events are being used in cancer diagnosis, whereas others are therapeutically targeted with small-molecule inhibitors. Multiple genes/enzymes that play a role in DNA and histone modifications are also altered in various cancers, changing the epigenomic landscape during cancer initiation and progression. Apart from protein-coding genes, studies are uncovering the critical regulatory roles played by noncoding RNAs and noncoding regions of the genome during cancer progression. Many of these genomic and epigenetic events function in tandem to drive tumor development and metastasis. Concurrent advances in genome-modulating technologies, like gene silencing and genome editing, are providing ability to understand in detail the process of cancer initiation, progression, and signaling as well as opening up avenues for therapeutic targeting. In this review, we discuss some of the recent advances in cancer genomic and epigenomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saroj Nepal
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
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Dynamic changes of epigenetic signatures during chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:719-731. [PMID: 28273634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive studies have been performed to clarify the processes during which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into their lineage fates. In vitro differentiation of MSCs into distinct lineages have attracted the focus of a large number of clinical investigations. Although the gene expression profiling during differentiation of MSC toward bone, cartilage, and adipocytes is well established, the master regulators by which MSC fate can be controlled are not entirely determined. During differentiation of MSCs into a special cell fate, epigenetic mechanisms considered as the primary mediators that suppress the irrelevant genes and activate the genes required for a specific cell lineage. This review dedicated to addressing the changes of various epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and micro-RNAs during chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSC.
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34
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Optimization-Based Approaches to Control of Probabilistic Boolean Networks. ALGORITHMS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/a10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Sgarbieri VC, Pacheco MTB. Human development: from conception to maturity. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.16116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract The main objective of this review was to describe and emphasize the care that a woman must have in the period prior to pregnancy, as well as throughout pregnancy and after the birth of the baby, cares and duties that should continue to be followed by mother and child throughout the first years of the child’s life. Such cares are of nutritional, behavioral and lifestyle natures, and also involve the father and the whole family. Human development, from conception to maturity, consists of a critical and important period due to the multitude of intrinsic genetic and environmental factors that influence, positively or negatively, the person's entire life. The human being, who originated and passed his/her first phase of development in the womb, receives influence from different factors: a) of parental origin (father and mother), including health and lifestyle of the father and mother, genetic inheritance, nutrition of the mother prior to and during pregnancy; b) events that affected the mother and hence the child under development in intrauterine life, at birth (delivery), during perinatal period, and throughout the early years of life. The fragility of development continues throughout the preschool, school and adolescent periods during which proper nutrition with a balanced lifestyle is essential and depends on guidance from the parents, caregivers and teachers.
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Huang R, Langdon SP, Tse M, Mullen P, Um IH, Faratian D, Harrison DJ. The role of HDAC2 in chromatin remodelling and response to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:4695-711. [PMID: 26683361 PMCID: PMC4826236 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin undergoes structural changes in response to extracellular and environmental signals. We observed changes in nuclear morphology in cancer tissue biopsied after chemotherapy and hypothesised that these DNA damage-induced changes are mediated by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Nuclear morphological changes in cell lines (PE01 and PE04 models) and a xenograft model (OV1002) were measured in response to platinum chemotherapy by image analysis of nuclear texture. HDAC2 expression increased in PEO1 cells treated with cisplatin at 24h, which was accompanied by increased expression of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1). HDAC2 and HP1 expression were also increased after carboplatin treatment in the OV1002 carboplatin-sensitive xenograft model but not in the insensitive HOX424 model. Expression of DNA damage response pathways (pBRCA1, γH2AX, pATM, pATR) showed time-dependent changes after cisplatin treatment. HDAC2 knockdown by siRNA reduced HP1 expression, induced DNA double strand breaks (DSB) measured by γH2AX, and interfered with the activation of DNA damage response induced by cisplatin. Furthermore, HDAC2 depletion affected γH2AX foci formation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis triggered by cisplatin, and was additive to the inhibitory effect of cisplatin in cell lines. By inhibiting expression of HDAC2, reversible alterations in chromatin patterns during cisplatin treatment were observed. These results demonstrate quantifiable alterations in nuclear morphology after chemotherapy, and implicate HDAC2 in higher order chromatin changes and cellular DNA damage responses in ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Simon P Langdon
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Matthew Tse
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Peter Mullen
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TF, UK
| | - In Hwa Um
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Dana Faratian
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - David J Harrison
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TF, UK
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Zeng H, Qu J, Jin N, Xu J, Lin C, Chen Y, Yang X, He X, Tang S, Lan X, Yang X, Chen Z, Huang M, Ding J, Geng M. Feedback Activation of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor Limits Response to Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer. Cancer Cell 2016; 30:459-473. [PMID: 27622335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have demonstrated clinical benefits in subtypes of hematological malignancies. However, the efficacy of HDAC inhibitors in solid tumors remains uncertain. This study takes breast cancer as a model to understand mechanisms accounting for limited response of HDAC inhibitors in solid tumors and to seek combination solutions. We discover that feedback activation of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) signaling in breast cancer limits the response to HDAC inhibition. Mechanistically, HDAC inhibition increases histone acetylation at the LIFR gene promoter, which recruits bromodomain protein BRD4, upregulates LIFR expression, and activates JAK1-STAT3 signaling. Importantly, JAK1 or BRD4 inhibition sensitizes breast cancer to HDAC inhibitors, implicating combination inhibition of HDAC with JAK1 or BRD4 as potential therapies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Zeng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia Qu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nan Jin
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chenchu Lin
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xinying Yang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiang He
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojing Lan
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Huang
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Meiyu Geng
- Division of Antitumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Pagliaroli L, Vető B, Arányi T, Barta C. From Genetics to Epigenetics: New Perspectives in Tourette Syndrome Research. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:277. [PMID: 27462201 PMCID: PMC4940402 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by the appearance of multiple involuntary motor and vocal tics. TS presents high comorbidity rates with other disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). TS is highly heritable and has a complex polygenic background. However, environmental factors also play a role in the manifestation of symptoms. Different epigenetic mechanisms may represent the link between these two causalities. Epigenetic regulation has been shown to have an impact in the development of many neuropsychiatric disorders, however very little is known about its effects on Tourette Syndrome. This review provides a summary of the recent findings in genetic background of TS, followed by an overview on different epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in the regulation of gene expression. Epigenetic studies in other neurological and psychiatric disorders are discussed along with the TS-related epigenetic findings available in the literature to date. Moreover, we are proposing that some general epigenetic mechanisms seen in other neuropsychiatric disorders may also play a role in the pathogenesis of TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Pagliaroli
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis UniversityBudapest, Hungary; Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest, Hungary
| | - Borbála Vető
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Arányi
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Hungarian Academy of SciencesBudapest, Hungary; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 6214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1083, University of AngersAngers, France
| | - Csaba Barta
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University Budapest, Hungary
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Han Y, Tanios F, Reeps C, Zhang J, Schwamborn K, Eckstein HH, Zernecke A, Pelisek J. Histone acetylation and histone acetyltransferases show significant alterations in human abdominal aortic aneurysm. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:3. [PMID: 26767057 PMCID: PMC4711037 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epigenetic modifications may play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The aim of the study was therefore to investigate histone acetylation and expression of corresponding lysine [K] histone acetyltransferases (KATs) in AAA. Results A comparative study of AAA tissue samples (n = 37, open surgical intervention) and healthy aortae (n = 12, trauma surgery) was performed using quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot. Expression of the KAT families GNAT (KAT2A, KAT2B), p300/CBP (KAT3A, KAT3B), and MYST (KAT5, KAT6A, KAT6B, KAT7, KAT8) was significantly higher in AAA than in controls (P ≤ 0.019). Highest expression was observed for KAT2B, KAT3A, KAT3B, and KAT6B (P ≤ 0.007). Expression of KAT2B significantly correlated with KAT3A, KAT3B, and KAT6B (r = 0.705, 0.564, and 0.528, respectively, P < 0.001), and KAT6B with KAT3A, KAT3B, and KAT6A (r = 0.407, 0.500, and 0.531, respectively, P < 0.05). Localization of highly expressed KAT2B, KAT3B, and KAT6B was further characterized by immunostaining. Significant correlations were observed between KAT2B with endothelial cells (ECs) (r = 0.486, P < 0.01), KAT3B with T cells and macrophages, (r = 0.421 and r = 0.351, respectively, P < 0.05), KAT6A with intramural ECs (r = 0.541, P < 0.001) and with a contractile phenotype of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) (r = 0.425, P < 0.01), and KAT6B with T cells (r = 0.553, P < 0.001). Furthermore, KAT2B was associated with AAA diameter (r = 0.382, P < 0.05), and KAT3B, KAT6A, and KAT6B correlated negatively with blood urea nitrogen (r = −0.403, −0.408, −0.478, P < 0.05). In addtion, acetylation of the histone substrates H3K9, H3K18 and H3K14 was increased in AAA compared to control aortae. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that aberrant epigenetic modifications such as changes in the expression of KATs and acetylation of corresponding histones are present in AAA. These findings may provide new insight in the pathomechanism of AAA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0169-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshuo Han
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.,Department of Vascular and Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fadwa Tanios
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Reeps
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.,Department for Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery at the University Hospital, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Vascular and Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kristina Schwamborn
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Alma Zernecke
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Biotin-mediated epigenetic modifications: Potential defense against the carcinogenicity of benzo[a]pyrene. Toxicol Lett 2016; 241:216-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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41
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Heidor R, de Conti A, Ortega JF, Furtado KS, Silva RC, Tavares PELM, Purgatto E, Ract JNR, de Paiva SAR, Gioielli LA, Pogribny IP, Moreno FS. The chemopreventive activity of butyrate-containing structured lipids in experimental rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 60:420-9. [PMID: 26548572 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Emerging evidence indicates that the use of bioactive food components is a promising strategy to prevent the development of liver cancer. The goal of this study was to examine the chemopreventive effect of butyrate-containing structured lipids (STLs) produced by an enzymatic interesterification of tributyrin and flaxseed oil on rat hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar rats were subjected to a classic "resistant hepatocyte" model of liver carcinogenesis and treated with STLs, tributyrin or flaxseed oil during the initial phases of hepatocarcinogenesis. Treatment with STLs and tributyrin strongly inhibited the development of preneoplastic liver lesions. The chemopreventive activity of tributyrin was associated with the induction of apoptosis and reduction of the expression of major activated hepatocarcinogenesis-related oncogenes. Treatment with STLs caused substantially greater inhibitory effects than tributyrin on oncogene expression. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that the tumor-suppressing activity of butyrate-containing STLs is associated with its ability to prevent and inhibit activation of major hepatocarcinogenesis-related oncogenes. Enrichment of histone H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 at the promoter of Myc and Ccnd1 genes may be related to the inhibitory effect on oncogene expression in the livers of STL-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Heidor
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline de Conti
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Juliana F Ortega
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly S Furtado
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta C Silva
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo E L M Tavares
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Purgatto
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana N R Ract
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio A R de Paiva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Gioielli
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Fernando S Moreno
- Laboratory of Diet, Nutrition and Cancer, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Advanced Research Center in Food Science and Nutrition (NAPAN), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.,Food Research Center (FORC), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Epigenetic landscape in PPARγ2 in the enhancement of adipogenesis of mouse osteoporotic bone marrow stromal cell. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:2504-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Chen X, Zheng C, He Y, Tian L, Li J, Li D, Jin W, Li M, Zheng S. Identification of key genes associated with the human abdominal aortic aneurysm based on the gene expression profile. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7891-8. [PMID: 26498477 PMCID: PMC4758287 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was aimed at screening the key genes associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in the neck, and to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the development of AAA. The gene expression profile, GSE47472, including 14 AAA neck samples and eight donor controls, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The total AAA samples were grouped into two types to avoid bias. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in patients with AAA and subsequently compared with donor controls using linear models for microarray data, or the Limma package in R, followed by gene ontology enrichment analysis. Furthermore, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on the DEGs was constructed to detect highly connected regions using a Cytoscape plugin. In total, 388 DEGs in the AAA samples were identified. These DEGs were predominantly associated with limb development, including embryonic limb development and appendage development. Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 (NCOR1), histone 4 (H4), E2F transcription factor 4 (E2F4) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4A) were the four transcription factors associated with AAA. Furthermore, HNF4A indirectly interacted with the other three transcription factors. Additionally, six clusters were selected from the PPI network. The DEG screening process and the construction of an interaction network enabled an understanding of the mechanism of AAA to be gleaned. HNF4A may exert an important role in AAA development through its interactions with the three other transcription factors (E2F4, NCOR1 and H4), and the mechanism of this coordinated regulation of the transcription factors in AAA may provide a suitable target for the development of therapeutic intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Chengfei Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Yunjun He
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Donglin Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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Zheng YC, Ma J, Wang Z, Li J, Jiang B, Zhou W, Shi X, Wang X, Zhao W, Liu HM. A Systematic Review of Histone Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1 and Its Inhibitors. Med Res Rev 2015; 35:1032-71. [PMID: 25990136 DOI: 10.1002/med.21350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is the first discovered and reported histone demethylase by Dr. Shi Yang's group in 2004. It is classified as a member of amine oxidase superfamily, the common feature of which is using the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as its cofactor. Since it is located in cell nucleus and acts as a histone methylation eraser, LSD1 specifically removes mono- or dimethylated histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) and H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) through formaldehyde-generating oxidation. It has been indicated that LSD1 and its downstream targets are involved in a wide range of biological courses, including embryonic development and tumor-cell growth and metastasis. LSD1 has been reported to be overexpressed in variety of tumors. Inactivating LSD1 or downregulating its expression inhibits cancer-cell development. LSD1 targeting inhibitors may represent a new insight in anticancer drug discovery. This review summarizes recent studies about LSD1 and mainly focuses on the basic physiological function of LSD1 and its involved mechanisms in pathophysiologic conditions, as well as the development of LSD1 inhibitors as potential anticancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jinlian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhiru Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bailing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, Zhengzhou University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
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Sancak D, Ozden S. Global histone modifications in Fumonisin B1 exposure in rat kidney epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2015. [PMID: 26208285 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a Fusarium mycotoxin frequently occurring in maize-based food and feed. Although the effects of FB1 on sphingolipid metabolism are clear, little is known about early molecular changes associated with FB1 carcinogenicity. It has been shown that FB1 disrupts DNA methylation and chromatin modifications in HepG2 cells. We investigated dose- and time-dependent effects of FB1 in global histone modifications such as histone H3 lysine 9 di-, trimethylation (H3K9me2/me3), histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), histone H4 lysine 20 trimethylation (H4K20me3), histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and the enzymes involved in these mechanisms in rat kidney epithelial cells (NRK-52E). The increased levels of global H3K9me2/me3 were observed in FB1 treated cells, while the global levels of H4K20me3 and H3K9ac were decreased. FB1 caused some changes on the activities of H3K9 histone methyltransferase (HMT) and histone acetyltransferase (HAT) at high concentrations in NRK-52E cells. Further, the effects of trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, were investigated in NRK-52E cells. TSA was found to cause an increase on H3K9ac levels as expected. In this study we suggest that FB1 may disrupt epigenetic events by altering global histone modifications, introducing a novel aspect on the potential mechanism of FB1 carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Sancak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ozden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Greißel A, Culmes M, Napieralski R, Wagner E, Gebhard H, Schmitt M, Zimmermann A, Eckstein HH, Zernecke A, Pelisek J. Alternation of histone and DNA methylation in human atherosclerotic carotid plaques. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:390-402. [PMID: 25993995 DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about epigenetics and its possible role in atherosclerosis. We here analysed histone and DNA methylation and the expression of corresponding methyltransferases in early and advanced human atherosclerotic carotid lesions in comparison to healthy carotid arteries. Western Blotting was performed on carotid plaques from our biobank with early (n=60) or advanced (n=60) stages of atherosclerosis and healthy carotid arteries (n=12) to analyse di-methylation patterns of histone H3 at positions K4, K9 and K27. In atherosclerotic lesions, di-methylation of H3K4 was unaltered and that of H3K9 and H3K27 significantly decreased compared to control arteries. Immunohistochemistry revealed an increased appearance of di-methylated H3K4 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs), a decreased expression of di-methylated H3K9 in SMCs and inflammatory cells, and reduced di-methylated H3K27 in inflammatory cells in advanced versus early atherosclerosis. Expression of corresponding histone methyltransferases MLL2 and G9a was increased in advanced versus early atherosclerosis. Genomic DNA hypomethylation, as determined by PCR for methylated LINE1 and SAT-alpha, was observed in early and advanced plaques compared to control arteries and in cell-free serum of patients with high-grade carotid stenosis compared to healthy volunteers. In contrast, no differences in DNA methylation were observed in blood cells. Expression of DNA-methyltransferase DNMT1 was reduced in atherosclerotic plaques versus controls, DNMT3A was undetectable, and DNMT3B not altered. DNA-demethylase TET1 was increased in atherosclerosisc plaques. The extent of histone and DNA methylation and expression of some corresponding methyltransferases are significantly altered in atherosclerosis, suggesting a possible contribution of epigenetics in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A Zernecke
- Alma Zernecke, MD, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany, Phone: 0049-89-4140-5168, Fax: 0049-89-4140-4861, E-mail:
| | - J Pelisek
- Jaroslav Pelisek, PhD, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitaet Muenchen, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany, Phone: 0049-89-4140-5168, Fax: 0049-89-4140-4861, E-mail:
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Andreoli F, Del Rio A. Computer-aided Molecular Design of Compounds Targeting Histone Modifying Enzymes. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 13:358-65. [PMID: 26082827 PMCID: PMC4459771 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidences show that epigenetic mechanisms play crucial roles in the genesis and progression of many physiopathological processes. As a result, research in epigenetic grew at a fast pace in the last decade. In particular, the study of histone post-translational modifications encountered an extraordinary progression and many modifications have been characterized and associated to fundamental biological processes and pathological conditions. Histone modifications are the catalytic result of a large set of enzyme families that operate covalent modifications on specific residues at the histone tails. Taken together, these modifications elicit a complex and concerted processing that greatly contribute to the chromatin remodeling and may drive different pathological conditions, especially cancer. For this reason, several epigenetic targets are currently under validation for drug discovery purposes and different academic and industrial programs have been already launched to produce the first pre-clinical and clinical outcomes. In this scenario, computer-aided molecular design techniques are offering important tools, mainly as a consequence of the increasing structural information available for these targets. In this mini-review we will briefly discuss the most common types of known histone modifications and the corresponding operating enzymes by emphasizing the computer-aided molecular design approaches that can be of use to speed-up the efforts to generate new pharmaceutically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Andreoli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity, National Research Council, Via P. Gobetti, 101 40129 Bologna, Italy
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Suzuki H, Aoki K, Chiba K, Sato Y, Shiozawa Y, Shiraishi Y, Shimamura T, Niida A, Motomura K, Ohka F, Yamamoto T, Tanahashi K, Ranjit M, Wakabayashi T, Yoshizato T, Kataoka K, Yoshida K, Nagata Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Tanaka H, Sanada M, Kondo Y, Nakamura H, Mizoguchi M, Abe T, Muragaki Y, Watanabe R, Ito I, Miyano S, Natsume A, Ogawa S. Mutational landscape and clonal architecture in grade II and III gliomas. Nat Genet 2015; 47:458-68. [PMID: 25848751 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 595] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Grade II and III gliomas are generally slowly progressing brain cancers, many of which eventually transform into more aggressive tumors. Despite recent findings of frequent mutations in IDH1 and other genes, knowledge about their pathogenesis is still incomplete. Here, combining two large sets of high-throughput sequencing data, we delineate the entire picture of genetic alterations and affected pathways in these glioma types, with sensitive detection of driver genes. Grade II and III gliomas comprise three distinct subtypes characterized by discrete sets of mutations and distinct clinical behaviors. Mutations showed significant positive and negative correlations and a chronological hierarchy, as inferred from different allelic burdens among coexisting mutations, suggesting that there is functional interplay between the mutations that drive clonal selection. Extensive serial and multi-regional sampling analyses further supported this finding and also identified a high degree of temporal and spatial heterogeneity generated during tumor expansion and relapse, which is likely shaped by the complex but ordered processes of multiple clonal selection and evolutionary events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Suzuki
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. [2] Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Aoki
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. [2] Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Motomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Ohka
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. [2] Department of Epigenomics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Tanahashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Melissa Ranjit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Nagata
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Sanada
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Department of Epigenomics, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideo Nakamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Mizoguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Ito
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Natsume
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of chromatin-the physical material that forms chromosomes, composed of DNA wound around specialized histone proteins-and of how the modification of chromatin acts to establish stable states of gene expression in a cell-specific manner. Chromatin is regulated through three mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA interference. These basic biological processes form the molecular interface between the genome and the environment, contributing to the regulation of gene expression in health and disease. Investigation of epigenetic mechanisms is yielding exciting insights in many areas of medicine, and a large and rapidly growing literature describes epigenetics as central to many aspects of the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders. This article first discusses speculative points as to why the mechanisms of epigenetics may be satisfying explanatory mechanisms in the etiology of psychotic disorders, then details emerging experimental evidence of roles for the three types of epigenetic mechanisms in these illnesses, and finally discusses these mechanisms as potentially compelling areas of research for the development of future treatments.
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50
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Page A, Mann DA, Mann J. The mechanisms of HSC activation and epigenetic regulation of HSCs phenotypes. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2014; 2:163-170. [PMID: 27413631 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-014-0052-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is a dynamically expanding field of science entailing numerous regulatory mechanisms controlling changes of gene expression in response to environmental factors. Over the recent years there has been a great interest in epigenetic marks as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool or future target for treatment of various human diseases. There is an increasing body of published research to suggest that epigenetic events regulate progression of chronic liver disease. Experimental manipulation of epigenetic signatures such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation / methylation and the activities of proteins that either annotate or interpret these epigenetic marks can have profound effects on the activation and phenotype of HSC, key cells responsible for onset and progression of liver fibrosis. This review presents recent advances in epigenetic alterations, which could provide mechanistic insight into the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease and provide novel clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Page
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4 Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4 Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jelena Mann
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4 Floor, William Leech Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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