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Bastaki SM, Abdulrazzaq YM, Zidan MA, Shafiullah M, Alaryani SG, Alnuaimi FA, Adeghate E, Mohsin S, Akour A, Siwek A, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Reproductive and fetal toxicity studies of histamine H3 receptor antagonist DL76 used in mice to prevent maximal electroshock-induced seizure. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1364353. [PMID: 38903994 PMCID: PMC11188305 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1364353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Brain histamine is considered an endogenous anticonvulsant and histamine H1 receptor. H1R antagonists have, in earlier studies, been found to induce convulsions. Moreover, research during the last two decades has provided more information concerning the anticonvulsant activities of histamine H3R (H3R) antagonists investigated in a variety of animal epilepsy models. Methods: Therefore, the in vivo anticonvulsant effect of the H3R antagonist DL76, with proven high in vitro affinity, in vitro selectivity profile, and high in vivo antagonist potency in mice against maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizures in mice, was assessed. Valproic acid (VPA) was used as a reference antiepileptic drug (AED). In addition, DL76 was tested for its reproductive and fetal toxicity in the same animal species. Results and discussion: Our observations showed that acute systemic administration (intraperitoneal; i.p.) of DL76 (7.5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg, i.p.) provided significant and dose-dependent protection against MES-induced seizures in female and male mice. Moreover, the DL76-provided protective effects were comparable to those offered by the VPA and were reversed when animals were co-administered the CNS-penetrant selective H3R agonist R-(α)-methylhistamine (RAM, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, the administration of single (7.5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, or 60 mg/kg, i.p.) or multiple doses (3 × 15 mg/kg, i.p.) of H3R antagonist DL76 on gestation days (GD) 8 or 13 failed to affect the maternal body weight of mice when compared with the control mice group. No significant alterations were detected in the average number of implantations and resorptions between the control and DL76-treated groups at the early stages of gestation and the organogenesis period. In addition, no significant differences in the occurrence of skeletal abnormalities, urogenital abnormalities, exencephaly, exomphalos, facial clefts, and caudal malformations were observed. The only significant abnormalities witnessed in the treated groups of mice were in the length of long bones and body length. In conclusion, the novel H3R antagonist DL76 protected test animals against MES-induced seizures and had a low incidence of reproductive and fetal malformation with decreased long bone lengths in vivo, signifying the potential therapeutic value of H3R antagonist DL76 for future preclinical as well as clinical development for use in the management of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef M. Abdulrazzaq
- Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohamed Shafiullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif Ghdayer Alaryani
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Awad Alnuaimi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sahar Mohsin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Akour
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Honkisz-Orzechowska E, Popiołek-Barczyk K, Linart Z, Filipek-Gorzała J, Rudnicka A, Siwek A, Werner T, Stark H, Chwastek J, Starowicz K, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Łażewska D. Anti-inflammatory effects of new human histamine H 3 receptor ligands with flavonoid structure on BV-2 neuroinflammation. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:181-194. [PMID: 36370200 PMCID: PMC9925557 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01658-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microglia play an important role in the neuroinflammation developed in response to various pathologies. In this study, we examined the anti-inflammatory effect of the new human histamine H3 receptor (H3R) ligands with flavonoid structure in murine microglial BV-2 cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The affinity of flavonoids (E243 -flavone and IIIa-IIIc-chalcones) for human H3R was evaluated in the radioligand binding assay. The cytotoxicity on BV-2 cell viability was investigated with the MTS assay. Preliminary evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties was screened by the Griess assay in an in vitro neuroinflammation model of LPS-treated BV-2 cells. The expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by real-time qPCR and ELISA, respectively. The expression of microglial cell markers were determined by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Chalcone derivatives showed high affinity at human H3R with Ki values < 25 nM. At the highest nontoxic concentration (6.25 μM) compound IIIc was the most active in reducing the level of nitrite in Griess assay. Additionally, IIIc treatment attenuated inflammatory process in murine microglia cells by down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) at both the level of mRNA and protein level. Our immunocytochemistry studies revealed expression of microglial markers (Iba1, CD68, CD206) in BV-2 cell line. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the importance of further research to accurately identify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Honkisz-Orzechowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Popiołek-Barczyk
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Linart
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Filipek-Gorzała
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rudnicka
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tobias Werner
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- grid.411327.20000 0001 2176 9917Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jakub Chwastek
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- grid.418903.70000 0001 2227 8271Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- grid.5522.00000 0001 2162 9631Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Kraków, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
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3
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Beheshti S, Wasil Wesal M. Anticonvulsant activity of the histamine H3 receptor inverse agonist pitolisant in an electrical kindling model of epilepsy. Neurosci Lett 2022; 782:136685. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Falkenstein M, Reiner-Link D, Zivkovic A, Gering I, Willbold D, Stark H. Histamine H 3 receptor antagonists with peptidomimetic (keto)piperazine structures to inhibit Aβ oligomerisation. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 50:116462. [PMID: 34695709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimeŕs disease (AD) is the most prominent neurodegenerative disorder with high medical need. Protein-protein-interactions (PPI) interactions have a critical role in AD where β-amyloid structures (Aβ) build toxic oligomers. Design of disease modifying multi target directed ligand (MTDL) has been performed, which disable PPI on the one hand and on the other hand, act as procognitive antagonists at the histamine H3 receptor (H3R). The synthetized compounds are structurally based on peptidomimetic amino acid-like structures mainly as keto, diketo-, or acyl variations of a piperazine moiety connected to an H3R pharmacophore. Most of them showed low nanomolar affinities at H3R and some with promising affinity to Aβ-monomers. The structure-activity relationships (SAR) described offer new possibilities for MTDL with an optimized profile combining symptomatic and potential causal therapeutic approaches in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Falkenstein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - David Reiner-Link
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Zivkovic
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ian Gering
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Dieter Willbold
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Institute of Physical Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Yang L, Wang Y, Chen Z. Central histaminergic signalling, neural excitability and epilepsy. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:3-22. [PMID: 34599508 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by repeated and spontaneous epileptic seizures and is not well controlled by current medication. Traditional theory suggests that epilepsy results from an imbalance of excitatory glutamate neurons and inhibitory GABAergic neurons. However, new evidence from clinical and preclinical research suggests that histamine in the CNS plays an important role in the modulation of neural excitability and in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Many histamine receptor ligands have achieved curative effects in animal epilepsy models, among which the histamine H3 receptor antagonist pitolisant has shown anti-epileptic effects in clinical trials. Recent studies, therefore, have focused on the potential action of histamine receptors to control and treat epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the findings from animal and clinical epilepsy research on the role of brain histamine and its receptors. We also identify current gaps in the research and suggest where further studies are most needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Epilepsy Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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6
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Falkenstein M, Elek M, Stark H. Chemical Probes for Histamine Receptor Subtypes. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:29-76. [PMID: 34595743 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ligands with different properties and different selectivity are highly needed for in vitro and in vivo studies on the (patho)physiological influence of the chemical mediator histamine and its receptor subtypes. A selection of well-described ligands for the different receptor subtypes and different studies is shown with a particular focus on affinity and selectivity. In addition, compounds with radioactive or fluorescence elements will be presented with their beneficial use for other species or different investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Falkenstein
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Milica Elek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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7
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Carthy E, Ellender T. Histamine, Neuroinflammation and Neurodevelopment: A Review. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:680214. [PMID: 34335160 PMCID: PMC8317266 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.680214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biogenic amine, histamine, has been shown to critically modulate inflammatory processes as well as the properties of neurons and synapses in the brain, and is also implicated in the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Indeed, a reduction in the synthesis of this neuromodulator has been associated with the disorders Tourette's syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder, with evidence that this may be through the disruption of the corticostriatal circuitry during development. Furthermore, neuroinflammation has been associated with alterations in brain development, e.g., impacting synaptic plasticity and synaptogenesis, and there are suggestions that histamine deficiency may leave the developing brain more vulnerable to proinflammatory insults. While most studies have focused on neuronal sources of histamine it remains unclear to what extent other (non-neuronal) sources of histamine, e.g., from mast cells and other sources, can impact brain development. The few studies that have started exploring this in vitro, and more limited in vivo, would indicate that non-neuronal released histamine and other preformed mediators can influence microglial-mediated neuroinflammation which can impact brain development. In this Review we will summarize the state of the field with regard to non-neuronal sources of histamine and its impact on both neuroinflammation and brain development in key neural circuits that underpin neurodevelopmental disorders. We will also discuss whether histamine receptor modulators have been efficacious in the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders in both preclinical and clinical studies. This could represent an important area of future research as early modulation of histamine from neuronal as well as non-neuronal sources may provide novel therapeutic targets in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott Carthy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tommas Ellender
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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8
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Hagenow S, Affini A, Pioli EY, Hinz S, Zhao Y, Porras G, Namasivayam V, Müller CE, Lin JS, Bezard E, Stark H. Adenosine A 2AR/A 1R Antagonists Enabling Additional H 3R Antagonism for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8246-8262. [PMID: 34107215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A1/A2A receptors (A1R/A2AR) represent targets in nondopaminergic treatment of motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). As an innovative strategy, multitargeting ligands (MTLs) were developed to achieve comprehensive PD therapies simultaneously addressing comorbid symptoms such as sleep disruption. Recognizing the wake-promoting capacity of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists in combination with the "caffeine-like effects" of A1R/A2AR antagonists, we designed A1R/A2AR/H3R MTLs, where a piperidino-/pyrrolidino(propyloxy)phenyl H3R pharmacophore was introduced with overlap into an adenosine antagonist arylindenopyrimidine core. These MTLs showed distinct receptor binding profiles with overall nanomolar H3R affinities (Ki < 55 nM). Compound 4 (ST-2001, Ki (A1R) = 11.5 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 7.25 nM) and 12 (ST-1992, Ki (A1R) = 11.2 nM, Ki (A2AR) = 4.01 nM) were evaluated in vivo. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia was improved after administration of compound 4 (1 mg kg-1, i.p. rats). Compound 12 (2 mg kg-1, p.o. mice) increased wakefulness representing novel pharmacological tools for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hagenow
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Anna Affini
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Elsa Y Pioli
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
| | - Sonja Hinz
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Faculty of Health, Alfred-Herrhausen-Street 50, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Yan Zhao
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | | | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jian-Sheng Lin
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM UI028, CNRS UMR 5292, Claude Bernard University, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Erwan Bezard
- Motac Neuroscience Limited, SK10 4TF Macclesfield, U.K
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaets street 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
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Wani AA, Chourasiya SS, Kathuria D, Sahoo SC, Beifuss U, Bharatam PV. Iodine Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Diaminoazines and Amines for the Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted-1,2,4-Triazoles. J Org Chem 2021; 86:7659-7671. [PMID: 34003643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple, convenient, transition metal-free one pot synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazoles has been established. The innovation in this reaction is the use of easily available 1,1-diaminoazines as substrates. This method provides the products with wider substrate scope, at an expedited rate, and with relatively better yields in comparison to the reported methods. The reaction mechanism involves an initial intermolecular nucleophilic addition (facilitated by I2) followed by intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid A Wani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sumit S Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Deepika Kathuria
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.,University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Punjab 140413, India
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Uwe Beifuss
- Bioorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
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10
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Song M, Yan R, Zhang Y, Guo D, Zhou N, Deng X. Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant effects evaluation of nonimidazole histamine H 3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists containing triazole moiety. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2021; 35:1310-1321. [PMID: 32529860 PMCID: PMC7717691 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1774573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptors (H3R) antagonists/inverse agonists are becoming a promising therapeutic approach for epilepsy. In this article, novel nonimidazole H3R antagonists/inverse agonists have been designed and synthesised via hybriding the H3R pharmacophore (aliphatic amine with propyloxy chain) with the 1,2,4-triazole moiety as anticonvulsant drugs. The majority of antagonists/inverse agonists prepared here exerted moderate to robust activities in cAMP-response element (CRE) luciferase screening assay. 1-(3-(4-(3-Phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenoxy)propyl)piperidine (3l) and 1-(3-(4-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenoxy)propyl)piperidine (3m) displayed the highest H3R antagonistic activities, with IC50 values of 7.81 and 5.92 nM, respectively. Meanwhile, the compounds with higher H3R antagonistic activities exhibited protection for mice in maximal electroshock seizure (MES)-induced convulsant model. Moreover, the protection of 3m against the MES induced seizures was fully abrogated when mice were co-treated with RAMH, a CNS-penetrant H3R agonist, which suggested that the potential therapeutic effect of 3m was through H3R. These results indicate that the attempt to find new anticonvulsant among H3R antagonists/inverse agonists is practicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Song
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Dongfu Guo
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - Naiming Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - XianQing Deng
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
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11
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The Multi-Targeting Ligand ST-2223 with Histamine H 3 Receptor and Dopamine D 2/D 3 Receptor Antagonist Properties Mitigates Autism-Like Repetitive Behaviors and Brain Oxidative Stress in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041947. [PMID: 33669336 PMCID: PMC7920280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communicative impairments, as well as repetitive and restricted behaviors (RRBs). With the limited effectiveness of current pharmacotherapies in treating repetitive behaviors, the present study determined the effects of acute systemic treatment of the novel multi-targeting ligand ST-2223, with incorporated histamine H3 receptor (H3R) and dopamine D2/D3 receptor affinity properties, on ASD-related RRBs in a male Black and Tan BRachyury (BTBR) mouse model of ASD. ST-2223 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly mitigated the increase in marble burying and self-grooming, and improved reduced spontaneous alternation in BTBR mice (all p < 0.05). Similarly, reference drugs memantine (MEM, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) and aripiprazole (ARP, 1 mg/kg, i.p.), reversed abnormally high levels of several RRBs in BTBR (p < 0.05). Moreover, ST-2223 palliated the disturbed anxiety levels observed in an open field test (all p < 0.05), but did not restore the hyperactivity parameters, whereas MEM failed to restore mouse anxiety and hyperactivity. In addition, ST-2223 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) mitigated oxidative stress status by decreasing the elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and increasing the levels of decreased glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in different brain parts of treated BTBR mice (all p < 0.05). These preliminary in vivo findings demonstrate the ameliorative effects of ST-2223 on RRBs in a mouse model of ASD, suggesting its pharmacological prospective to rescue core ASD-related behaviors. Further confirmatory investigations on its effects on various brain neurotransmitters, e.g., dopamine and histamine, in different brain regions are still warranted to corroborate and expand these initial data.
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Xiao F, Yan R, Zhang Y, Wang S, Chen S, Zhou N, Deng X. Synthesis and antiseizure effect evaluation of nonimidazole histamine H 3 receptor antagonists containing the oxazole moiety. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000298. [PMID: 33325568 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The use of histamine H3 receptor (H3 R) antagonists is becoming a promising therapeutic approach for epilepsy. In this paper, a series of novel nonimidazole H3 R antagonists was synthesized and screened as antiepileptic drugs. All of these prepared antagonists displayed micromolar or submicromolar H3 R antagonistic activities in the cAMP response element luciferase screening assay. Compounds 5a (IC50 = 0.11 μM), 5b (IC50 = 0.56 μM), and 5f (IC50 = 0.78 μM) displayed the most potent H3 R antagonistic activities, with considerable potency when compared with pitolisant (IC50 = 0.51 μM). In the maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model, compounds 5c, 5e, and 5g showed obvious protection for the electrostimulated mice, and the protection of 5g against the MES-induced seizures was fully abrogated when mice were cotreated with R-(α)-methyl-histamine, a central nervous system-penetrant H3 R agonist, suggesting that the potential therapeutic effect of 5g was observed to work through H3 R. These results indicate that the attempt to find a new antiepileptic drug among H3 R antagonists is practicable, but it is necessary to consider the log P of the molecules to ensure penetration of the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xiao
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shiben Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, LiaoCheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Naiming Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianqing Deng
- Medical College, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
- Research Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Functional Molecules, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
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Khatami M. Deceptology in cancer and vaccine sciences: Seeds of immune destruction-mini electric shocks in mitochondria: Neuroplasticity-electrobiology of response profiles and increased induced diseases in four generations - A hypothesis. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e215. [PMID: 33377661 PMCID: PMC7749544 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From Rockefeller's support of patent medicine to Gates' patent vaccines, medical establishment invested a great deal in intellectual ignorance. Through the control over medical education and research it has created a public illusion to prop up corporate profit and encouraged the lust for money and power. An overview of data on cancer and vaccine sciences, the status of Americans' health, a survey of repeated failed projects, economic toxicity, and heavy drug consumption or addiction among young and old provide compelling evidence that in the twentieth century nearly all classic disease categories (congenital, inheritance, neonatal, or induced) shifted to increase induced diseases. Examples of this deceptology in ignoring or minimizing, and mocking fundamental discoveries and theories in cancer and vaccine sciences are attacks on research showing that (a), effective immunity is responsible for defending and killing pathogens and defective cancerous cells, correcting and repairing genetic mutations; (b) viruses cause cancer; and (c), abnormal gene mutations are often the consequences of (and secondary to) disturbances in effective immunity. The outcomes of cancer reductionist approaches to therapies reveal failure rates of 90% (+/-5) for solid tumors; loss of over 50 million lives and waste of $30-50 trillions on too many worthless, out-of-focus, and irresponsible projects. Current emphasis on vaccination of public with pathogen-specific vaccines and ingredients seems new terms for drugging young and old. Cumulative exposures to low level carcinogens and environmental hazards or high energy electronic devices (EMF; 5G) are additional triggers to vaccine toxicities (antigen-mitochondrial overload) or "seeds of immune destruction" that create mini electrical shocks (molecular sinks holes) in highly synchronized and regulated immune network that retard time-energy-dependent biorhythms in organs resulting in causes, exacerbations or consequences of mild, moderate or severe immune disorders. Four generations of drug-dependent Americans strongly suggest that medical establishment has practiced decades of intellectual deception through its claims on "war on cancer"; that cancer is 100, 200, or 1000 diseases; identification of "individual" genetic mutations to cure diseases; "vaccines are safe". Such immoral and unethical practices, along with intellectual harassment and bullying, censoring or silencing of independent and competent professionals ("Intellectual Me Too") present grave concerns, far greater compared with the sexual harassment of 'Me Too' movement that was recently spearheaded by NIH. The principal driving forces behind conducting deceptive and illogical medical/cancer and vaccine projects seem to be; (a) huge return of investment and corporate profit for selling drugs and vaccines; (b) maintenance of abusive power over public health; (c) global control of population growth via increased induction of diseases, infertility, decline in life-span, and death. An overview of accidental discoveries that we established and extended since 1980s, on models of acute and chronic ocular inflammatory diseases, provides series of the first evidence for a direct link between inflammation and multistep immune dysfunction in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Results are relevant to demonstrate that current emphasis on vaccinating the unborn, newborn, or infant would induce immediate or long-term immune disorders (eg, low birth weight, preterm birth, fatigue, autism, epilepsy/seizures, BBB leakage, autoimmune, neurodegenerative or digestive diseases, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular problems, or cancers). Vaccination of the unborn is likely to disturb trophoblast-embryo-fetus-placenta biology and orderly growth of embryo-fetus, alter epithelial-mesenchymal transition or constituent-inducible receptors, damage mitochondria, and diverse function of histamine-histidine pathways. Significant increased in childhood illnesses are likely due to toxicities of vaccine and incipient (eg, metals [Al, Hg], detergents, fetal tissue, DNA/RNA) that retard bioenergetics of mitochondria, alter polarization-depolarization balance of tumoricidal (Yin) and tumorigenic (Yang) properties of immunity. Captivated by complex electobiology of immunity, this multidisciplinary perspective is an attempt to initiate identifying bases for increased induction of immune disorders in three to four generations in America. We hypothesize that (a) gene-environment-immune biorhythms parallel neuronal function (brain neuroplasticity) with super-packages of inducible (adaptive or horizontal) electronic signals and (b) autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic circuitry that shape immunity (Yin-Yang) cannot be explained by limited genomics (innate, perpendicular) that conventionally explain certain inherited diseases (eg, sickle cell anemia, progeria). Future studies should focus on deep learning of complex electrobiology of immunity that requires differential bioenergetics from mitochondria and cytoplasm. Approaches to limit or control excessive activation of gene-environment-immunity are keys to assess accurate disease risk formulations, prevent inducible diseases, and develop universal safe vaccines that promote health, the most basic human right.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Khatami
- Inflammation, Aging and Cancer, National Cancer Institute (NCI)the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (Retired)BethesdaMarylandUSA
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Harwell V, Fasinu PS. Pitolisant and Other Histamine-3 Receptor Antagonists-An Update on Therapeutic Potentials and Clinical Prospects. MEDICINES 2020; 7:medicines7090055. [PMID: 32882898 PMCID: PMC7554886 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7090055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Besides its well-known role as a peripheral chemical mediator of immune, vascular, and cellular responses, histamine plays major roles in the central nervous system, particularly in the mediation of arousal and cognition-enhancement. These central effects are mediated by the histamine-3 auto receptors, the modulation of which is thought to be beneficial for the treatment of disorders that impair cognition or manifest with excessive daytime sleepiness. Methods: A database search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and clinicaltrials.gov was performed in June 2020. Full-text articles were screened and reviewed to provide an update on pitolisant and other histamine-3 receptor antagonists. Results: A new class of drugs—histamine-3 receptor antagonists—has emerged with the approval of pitolisant for the treatment of narcolepsy with or without cataplexy. At the recommended dose, pitolisant is well tolerated and effective. It has also been evaluated for potential therapeutic benefit in Parkinson disease, epilepsy, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer’s disease, and dementia. Limited studies have shown pitolisant to lack abuse potential which will be a major advantage over existing drug options for narcolepsy. Several histamine-3 receptor antagonists are currently in development for a variety of clinical indications. Conclusions: Although limited clinical studies have been conducted on this new class of drugs, the reviewed literature showed promising results for future additions to the clinical indications of pitolisant, and the expansion of the list of approved drugs in this class for a variety of indications.
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Mehta P, Miszta P, Rzodkiewicz P, Michalak O, Krzeczyński P, Filipek S. Enigmatic Histamine Receptor H 4 for Potential Treatment of Multiple Inflammatory, Autoimmune, and Related Diseases. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E50. [PMID: 32344736 PMCID: PMC7235846 DOI: 10.3390/life10040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The histamine H4 receptor, belonging to the family of G-protein coupled receptors, is an increasingly attractive drug target. It plays an indispensable role in many cellular pathways, and numerous H4R ligands are being studied for the treatment of several inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune disorders, including pulmonary fibrosis. Activation of H4R is involved in cytokine production and mediates mast cell activation and eosinophil chemotaxis. The importance of this receptor has also been shown in inflammatory models: peritonitis, respiratory tract inflammation, colitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Recent studies suggest that H4R acts as a modulator in cancer, neuropathic pain, vestibular disorders, and type-2 diabetes, however, its role is still not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakhuri Mehta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland or (P.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Przemysław Miszta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland or (P.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Przemysław Rzodkiewicz
- Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Olga Michalak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (O.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Piotr Krzeczyński
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; (O.M.); (P.K.)
| | - Sławomir Filipek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland or (P.M.); (P.M.)
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Alachkar A, Azimullah S, Ojha SK, Beiram R, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. The Neuroprotective Effects of Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist E177 on Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224106. [PMID: 31739417 PMCID: PMC6891424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a multifaceted neurological disorder which severely affects neuronal function. Some patients may experience status epilepticus (SE), a life-threatening state of ongoing seizure activity linked to cognitive dysfunction, necessitating an immediate intervention. The potential of histamine H3 receptors in several neuropsychiatric diseases including epilepsy is well recognized. In the current study, we aimed to explore the effect of H3R antagonist E177 on prevention and termination of pilocarpine (PLC)-induced SE in rats as well as evaluating the effects of E177 on the levels of oxidative stress in hippocampus tissues. The results showed that the survival rate of animals pretreated with E177 (5 and 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) was significantly increased during the first hour of observation, and animals were protected from SE incidence and showed a prolonged average of latency to the first seizure when compared with animals pretreated with PLC (400 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the protective effect of E177 (10 mg/kg) on SE was partially reversed when rats were co- administered with H3R agonist R-(α)-methylhistamine (RAM) and with the H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL), but not with the H1R antagonist pyrilamine (PYR). Furthermore, pretreatment with E177 (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly decreased the abnormal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased levels of glutathione (GSH) in the hippocampal tissues of the treated rats. However, E177 failed to modulate the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), or acetylcholine esterase activity (AChE). Our findings suggest that the newly developed H3R antagonist E177 provides neuroprotection in a preclinical PLC-induced SE in rats, highlighting the histaminergic system as a potential therapeutic target for the therapeutic management of SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alachkar
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE
| | - Sheikh Azimullah
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE
| | - Shreesh K. Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE
| | - Rami Beiram
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, UAE
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-7137-512; Fax: +971-3-7672-033
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Lutsenko K, Hagenow S, Affini A, Reiner D, Stark H. Rasagiline derivatives combined with histamine H3 receptor properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bastaki SMA, Amir N, Więcek M, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Influence of the Novel Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist/Inverse Agonist M39 on Gastroprotection and PGE2 Production Induced by (R)-Alpha-Methylhistamine in C57BL/6 Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:966. [PMID: 31572174 PMCID: PMC6751319 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) in the regulation of gastroprotection and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as somatostatin remains contradictory. Therefore, the effects of the H3R antagonist/inverse agonist M39 on in vivo acidified ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and gastric acid secretion in the C57BL/6 mice were assessed. Results showed that acute systemic administration of H3R agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine (RAMH, 100 mg/kg, i.g.) significantly reduced the severity of ulcer index, increased gastric acid output, and increased mucosal PGE2 production without any alteration of somatostatin concentration in gastric juice. However, only acute systemic administration of the H2R agonist dimaprit (DIM, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased the level of somatostatin measured in gastric juice. Moreover, acute systemic administration of M39 (0.3 mg/kg, i.g.) abrogated the RAMH-induced increase of acid output as well as PGE2 production, but not the DIM (10 mg/kg, i.g.)-stimulated acid secretion, indicating that RAMH as well as M39 modulate the gastroprotective effects through interactions with histamine H3Rs. The present findings indicate that agonistic interaction with H3Rs is profoundly involved in the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity by modulating PGE2 as well as gastric acid secretion, with no apparent role in the regulation of the inhibitory influence of somatostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M. A. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Bassem Sadek, ; Salim M.A. Bastaki,
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Bassem Sadek, ; Salim M.A. Bastaki,
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Yu Y, Nguyen DT, Jiang J. G protein-coupled receptors in acquired epilepsy: Druggability and translatability. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 183:101682. [PMID: 31454545 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the largest family of membrane proteins in the human genome, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute the targets of more than one-third of all modern medicinal drugs. In the central nervous system (CNS), widely distributed GPCRs in neuronal and nonneuronal cells mediate numerous essential physiological functions via regulating neurotransmission at the synapses. Whereas their abnormalities in expression and activity are involved in various neuropathological processes. CNS conditions thus remain highly represented among the indications of GPCR-targeted agents. Mounting evidence from a large number of animal studies suggests that GPCRs play important roles in the regulation of neuronal excitability associated with epilepsy, a common CNS disease afflicting approximately 1-2% of the population. Surprisingly, none of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved (>30) antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) suppresses seizures through acting on GPCRs. This disparity raises concerns about the translatability of these preclinical findings and the druggability of GPCRs for seizure disorders. The currently available AEDs intervene seizures predominantly through targeting ion channels and have considerable limitations, as they often cause unbearable adverse effects, fail to control seizures in over 30% of patients, and merely provide symptomatic relief. Thus, identifying novel molecular targets for epilepsy is highly desired. Herein, we focus on recent progresses in understanding the comprehensive roles of several GPCR families in seizure generation and development of acquired epilepsy. We also dissect current hurdles hindering translational efforts in developing GPCRs as antiepileptic and/or antiepileptogenic targets and discuss the counteracting strategies that might lead to a potential cure for this debilitating CNS condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Davis T Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Drug Discovery Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; Neuroscience Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Liu L, Ye J, Xiao M, Yuan K, He M, Hu A, Jia H, Liu A. Synthesis of Novel 1,2,4‐Triazole‐3‐thione Derivatives as Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibitors. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Jiao Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Mengwu Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Keyang Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Mei He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Aixi Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Changsha 410082 China
| | - Hao Jia
- Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China
| | - Ailin Liu
- Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 China
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Studies on Anticonvulsant Effects of Novel Histamine H3R Antagonists in Electrically and Chemically Induced Seizures in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113386. [PMID: 30380674 PMCID: PMC6274786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A newly developed series of non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists (1⁻16) was evaluated in vivo for anticonvulsant effects in three different seizure models in Wistar rats. Among the novel H3R antagonists examined, H3R antagonist 4 shortened the duration of tonic hind limb extension (THLE) in a dose-dependent fashion in the maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure and offered full protection against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS), following acute systemic administration (2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg, i.p.). However, only H3R antagonist 13, without appreciable protective effects in MES- and PTZ-induced seizure, fully protected animals in the strychnine (STR)-induced GTCS following acute systemic pretreatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the protective effect observed with H3R antagonist 4 in MES-induced seizure was completely abolished when animals were co-administered with the H3R agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine (RAMH, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). However, RAMH failed to abolish the full protection provided by the H3R antagonist 4 in PTZ-induced seizure and H3R antagonist 13 in STR-induced seizure. Furthermore, in vitro antiproliferative effects or possible metabolic interactions could not be observed for compound 4. Additionally, the predictive in silico, as well as in vitro, metabolic stability for the most promising H3R antagonist 4 was assessed. The obtained results show prospective effects of non-imidazole H3R antagonists as innovative antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for potential single use against epilepsy.
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Xin J, Hu M, Liu Q, Zhang TT, Wang DM, Wu S. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel iso-flavones derivatives as H 3R antagonists. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1545-1553. [PMID: 30293461 PMCID: PMC6179058 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1509212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptor (H3R), a kind of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), is expressed mainly in the central nervous system (CNS) and plays a vital role in homoeostatic control. This study describes the design and synthesis of a series of novel H3R antagonists based on the iso-flavone scaffold. The results of the bioactivity evaluation show that four compounds (1c, 2c, 2h, and 2o) possess significant H3R inhibitory activities. Molecular docking indicates that a salt bridge, π-π T-shape interactions, and hydrophobic interaction all contribute to the interaction between compound 2h and H3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xin
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica , Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , China
| | - Min Hu
- b School of Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , China
| | - Qian Liu
- b School of Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , China
| | - Tian Tai Zhang
- b School of Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , China
| | - Dong Mei Wang
- b School of Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , China
| | - Song Wu
- b School of Pharmacy , Inner Mongolia Medical University , Hohhot , China
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Alachkar A, Latacz G, Siwek A, Lubelska A, Honkisz E, Gryboś A, Łażewska D, Handzlik J, Stark H, Kiec-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Anticonvulsant evaluation of novel non-imidazole histamine H3R antagonists in different convulsion models in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 170:14-24. [PMID: 29729290 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists (2-8) were developed and assessed for in-vitro antagonist binding affinities at the human histamine H1-H4R. These novel H3R antagonists (2-8) were examined in-vivo for anticonvulsant effects in three different convulsion models in male adult rats. Compound 6 significantly and dose-dependently exhibited decreased duration of tonic hind limb extension (THLE) in the maximal electroshock (MES)- and fully protected animals against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsion, following acute systemic administration (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, i.p.). Contrary, all compounds 2-8 showed moderate protection in the strychnine (STR)-induced convulsion model following acute pretreatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the acute systemic administration of H3R antagonist 6 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly prolonged latency time for MES convulsions. Furthermore, the anticonvulsant effect observed with compound 6 in MES-model was entirely abrogated when rats were co-injected with the brain penetrant H1R antagonist pyrilamine (PYR) but not the brain penetrant H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL). However, PYR and ZOL failed to abolish the full protection provided by the H3R antagonist 6 in PTZ- and STR-models. No mutagenic or antiproliferative effects or potential metabolic interactions were shown for compound 6 when assessing its antiproliferative activities and metabolic profiling applying in-vitro methods. These findings demonstrate the potential of non-imidazole H3R antagonists as novel antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) either for single use or in addition to currently available epilepsy medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alachkar
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Annamaria Lubelska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Honkisz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Gryboś
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kiec-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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Synthesis and biological activity of novel tert-butyl and tert-pentylphenoxyalkyl piperazine derivatives as histamine H 3R ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:223-234. [PMID: 29723785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our search for novel histamine H3 receptor ligands, a series of twenty four new tert-butyl and tert-pentyl phenoxyalkylamine derivatives (2-25) was synthesized. Compounds with three to four carbon atoms alkyl chain spacer were evaluated for their binding properties at human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The highest affinities were observed for 4-pyridyl derivatives 4, 10, 16 and 22 (Ki = 16.0-120 nM). As it has been shown in docking studies, those specific heteroaromatic 4-N piperazine substituents might interact with one of the key receptor interacting amino acids. Moreover, the most promising compounds exhibited anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) model in mice. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier penetration, the functional H3R antagonist potency as well as the pro-cognitive properties in the passive avoidance test were demonstrated for compound 10. In order to estimate drug-likeness of compound 10,in silico and experimental evaluation of metabolic stability in human liver microsomes was performed. In addition, paying attention to the results obtained within this study, the 4-pyridyl-piperazino moiety has been established as a new bioisosteric piperidine replacement in H3R ligands.
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Novel indanone derivatives as MAO B/H 3R dual-targeting ligands for treatment of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:487-497. [PMID: 29477889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The design of multi-targeting ligands was developed in the last decades as an innovative therapeutic concept for Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. As the monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) and the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) are promising targets for dopaminergic regulation, we synthetized dual-targeting ligands (DTLs) as non-dopaminergic receptor approach for the treatment of PD. Three series of compounds were developed by attaching the H3R pharmacophore to indanone-related MAO B motifs, leading to development of MAO B/H3R DTLs. Among synthesized indanone DTLs, compounds bearing the 2-benzylidene-1-indanone core structure showed MAO B preferring inhibition capabilities along with nanomolar hH3R affinity. Substitution of C5 and C6 position of the 2-benzylidene-1-indanones with lipophilic substituents revealed three promising candidates exhibiting inhibitory potencies for MAO B with IC50 values ranging from 1931 nM to 276 nM and high affinities at hH3R (Ki < 50 nM). Compound 3f ((E)-5-((4-bromobenzyl)oxy)-2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)benzylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one, MAO B IC50 = 276 nM, hH3R Ki = 6.5 nM) showed highest preference for MAO B over MAO A (SI > 36). Interestingly, IC50 determinations after preincubation of enzyme and DTLs revealed also nanomolar MAO B potency for 3e (MAO B IC50 = 232 nM), a structural isomer of 3f, and 3d (MAO B IC50 = 541 nM), suggesting time-dependent inhibition modes. Reversibility of inhibition for all three compounds were confirmed by dilution studies in excess of substrate. Thus, indanone-substituted derivatives are promising lead structures for the design of MAO B/hH3R DTLs as novel therapeutic approach of PD therapy.
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Bastaki SM, Abdulrazzaq YM, Shafiullah M, Więcek M, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Anticonvulsant and reproductive toxicological studies of the imidazole-based histamine H3R antagonist 2-18 in mice. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:179-194. [PMID: 29403264 PMCID: PMC5783147 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s144730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The imidazole-based H3R antagonist 2-18 with high in vitro H3R antagonist affinity, excellent in vitro selectivity profile, and high in vivo H3R antagonist potency was tested for its anticonvulsant effect in maximal electroshock (MES)-induced convulsions in mice having valproic acid (VPA) as a reference antiepileptic drug (AED). Additionally, H3R antagonist 2-18 was evaluated for its reproductive toxicity in the same animal species. The results show that acute systemic administration (intraperitoneal; i.p.) of H3R antagonist 2-18 (7.5, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly and dose dependently protected male as well as female mice against MES-induced convulsion. The protective action observed for H3R antagonist 2-18 in both mice sexes was comparable to that of VPA and was reversed when mice were pretreated with the selective H3R agonist (R)-alpha-methylhistamine (RAMH, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the results show that acute systemic administration of single (7.5, 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg, i.p.) or multiple doses (15×3 mg/kg, i.p.) of H3R antagonist 2-18 on gestation day (GD) 8 or 13 did not affect the maternal body weight of mice when compared with the control group. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in the average number of implantations and resorptions between the control and H3R antagonist 2-18-treated group at the early stages of gestation and the organogenesis period. However, oral treatment with H3R antagonist 2-18 (15 mg/kg) on GD 8 induced a reduced number of live embryos when compared with the i.p.-treated mice. In addition, no significant changes in the fetal body and placental weights were observed after injection of H3R antagonist 2-18 with all selected doses. However, three dose groups of i.p. and oral 15 mg/kg on GD 13 significantly affected the placental weight when compared with control group. Notably, the treatment of pregnant female with the H3R antagonist 2-18 did not produce significant malformation in the fetus in both groups. In conclusion, the novel H3R antagonist 2-18 proves to be a very safe compound and displays a low incidence of malformations, demonstrating that H3R antagonist 2-18 may have a potential future therapeutic value in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain
| | | | - Mohamed Shafiullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain
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Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Progress in the development of histamine H 3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists: a patent review (2013-2017). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2018; 28:175-196. [PMID: 29334795 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2018.1424135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since years, ligands blocking histamine H3 receptor (H3R) activity (antagonists/inverse agonists) are interesting targets in the search for new cures for CNS disorders. Intensive works done by academic and pharmaceutical company researchers have led to many potent and selective H3R antagonists/inverse agonists. Some of them have reached to clinical trials. AREAS COVERED Patent applications from January 2013 to September 2017 and the most important topics connected with H3R field are analysed. Espacenet, Patentscope, Pubmed, GoogleScholar or Cochrane Library online databases were principially used to collect all the materials. EXPERT OPINION The research interest in histamine H3R field is still high although the number of patent applications has decreased during the past 4 years (around 20 publications). Complexity of histamine H3R biology e.g. many isoforms, constitutive activity, heteromerization with other receptors (dopamine D2, D1, adenosine A2A) and pharmacology make not easy realization and evaluation of therapeutic potential of anti-H3R ligands. First results from clinical trials have verified potential utility of histamine H3R antagonist/inverse agonists in some diseases. However, more studies are necessary for better understanding of an involvement of the histaminergic system in CNS-related disorders and helping more ligands approach to clinical trials and the market. Lists of abbreviations: hAChEI - human acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; hBuChEI - human butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor; hMAO - human monoamine oxidase; MAO - monoamine oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Łażewska
- a Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- a Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Kraków , Poland
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Burianova VK, Bolotin DS, Mikherdov AS, Novikov AS, Mokolokolo PP, Roodt A, Boyarskiy VP, Dar’in D, Krasavin M, Suslonov VV, Zhdanov AP, Zhizhin KY, Kuznetsov NT. Mechanism of generation of closo-decaborato amidrazones. Intramolecular non-covalent B–H⋯π(Ph) interaction determines stabilization of the configuration around the amidrazone CN bond. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Three types of N(H)-nucleophiles were used to study the nucleophilic addition to the CN group of the 2-propanenitrilium closo-decaborate cluster giving N-closo-decaborato amidrazones.
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Konnert L, Lamaty F, Martinez J, Colacino E. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Hydantoins: The State of the Art of a Valuable Scaffold. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28644621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The review highlights the hydantoin syntheses presented from the point of view of the preparation methods. Novel synthetic routes to various hydantoin structures, the advances brought to the classical methods in the aim of producing more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures for the preparation of these biomolecules, and a critical comparison of the different synthetic approaches developed in the last twelve years are also described. The review is composed of 95 schemes, 8 figures and 528 references for the last 12 years and includes the description of the hydantoin-based marketed drugs and clinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Konnert
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Evelina Colacino
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
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Sadek B, Oz M, Nurulain SM, Jayaprakash P, Latacz G, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Szymańska E. Phenylalanine derivatives with modulating effects on human α1-glycine receptors and anticonvulsant activity in strychnine-induced seizure model in male adult rats. Epilepsy Res 2017; 138:124-131. [PMID: 28554717 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The critical role of α1-glycine receptor (α1-GLYRs) in pathological conditions such as epilepsy is well known. In the present study, structure-activity relations for a series of phenylalanine derivatives carrying selected hydrogen bond acceptors were investigated on the functional properties of human α1-GLYR expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The results indicate that one particular substitution position appeared to be of special importance for control of ligand activity. Among tested ligands (1-8), the biphenyl derivative (2) provided the most promising antagonistic effect on α1-GLYRs, while its phenylbenzyl analogue (5) exhibited the highest potentiation effect. Moreover, ligand 5 with most promising potentiating effect showed in-vivo moderate protection when tested in strychnine (STR)-induced seizure model in male adult rats, whereas ligand 2 with highest antagonistic effect failed to provide appreciable anti(pro)convulsant effect. Furthermore, ligands 2 and 5 with the most promising effects on human α1-GLYRs were examined for their toxicity and potential neuroprotective effect against neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The results show that ligands 2 and 5 possessed neither significant antiproliferative effects, nor necrotic and mitochondrial toxicity (up to concentration of 50μM). Moreover, ligand 2 showed weak neuroprotective effect at the 50μM against 100μM toxic dose of 6-OHDA. Our results indicate that modulatory effects of ligands 2 and 5 on human α1-GLYRs as well as on STR-induced convulsion can provide further insights for the design of therapeutic agents in treatment of epilepsy and other pathological conditions requiring enhanced activity of inhibitory glycine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Petrilla Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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Sadek B, Saad A, Latacz G, Kuder K, Olejarz A, Karcz T, Stark H, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Non-imidazole-based histamine H3 receptor antagonists with anticonvulsant activity in different seizure models in male adult rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3879-3898. [PMID: 27932863 PMCID: PMC5135077 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of twelve novel non-imidazole-based ligands (3–14) was developed and evaluated for its in vitro binding properties at the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The novel ligands were investigated for their in vivo protective effects in different seizure models in male adult rats. Among the H3R ligands (3–14) tested, ligand 14 showed significant and dose-dependent reduction in the duration of tonic hind limb extension in maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model subsequent to acute systemic administration (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), whereas ligands 4, 6, and 7 without appreciable protection in MES model were most promising in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model. Moreover, the protective effect observed for ligand 14 in MES model was lower than that observed for the reference drug phenytoin and was entirely abrogated when rats were co-administered with the brain-penetrant H1R antagonist pyrilamine (PYR) but not the brain-penetrant H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL), demonstrating that histaminergic neurotransmission by activation of postsynaptically located H1Rs seems to be involved in the protective action. On the contrary, PYR and ZOL failed to abrogate the full protection provided by 4 in PTZ model and the moderate protective effect by 14 in strychnine (STR) model. Moreover, the experimental and in silico estimation of properties such as metabolism was performed for five selected test compounds. Also, lipophilicity using planar reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography method was included for better understanding of the molecular properties of the tested compounds. Additionally, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination and toxicity parameters were evaluated for the most promising compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, and 14 utilizing in vitro methods. These interesting results highlight the potential of H3R ligands as new antiepileptic drugs or as adjuvants to available epilepsy medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Sadek B, Saad A, Schwed JS, Weizel L, Walter M, Stark H. Anticonvulsant effects of isomeric nonimidazole histamine H 3 receptor antagonists. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3633-3651. [PMID: 27853355 PMCID: PMC5106240 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenytoin (PHT), valproic acid, and modern antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), eg, remacemide, loreclezole, and safinamide, are only effective within a maximum of 70%–80% of epileptic patients, and in many cases the clinical use of AEDs is restricted by their side effects. Therefore, a continuous need remains to discover innovative chemical entities for the development of active and safer AEDs. Ligands targeting central histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) for epilepsy might be a promising therapeutic approach. To determine the potential of H3Rs ligands as new AEDs, we recently reported that no anticonvulsant effects were observed for the (S)-2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)benzylamino)propanamide (1). In continuation of our research, we asked whether anticonvulsant differences in activities will be observed for its R-enantiomer, namely, (R)-2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)benzylamino)propaneamide (2) and analogs thereof, in maximum electroshock (MES)-, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-, and strychnine (STR)-induced convulsion models in rats having PHT and valproic acid (VPA) as reference AEDs. Unlike the S-enantiomer (1), the results show that animals pretreated intraperitoneally (ip) with the R-enantiomer 2 (10 mg/kg) were moderately protected in MES and STR induced models, whereas proconvulsant effect was observed for the same ligand in PTZ-induced convulsion models. However, animals pretreated with intraperitoneal doses of 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg of structurally bulkier (R)-enantiomer (3), in which 3-piperidinopropan-1-ol in ligand 2 was replaced by (4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)methanol, and its (S)-enantiomer (4) significantly and in a dose-dependent manner reduced convulsions or exhibited full protection in MES and PTZ convulsions model, respectively. Interestingly, the protective effects observed for the (R)-enantiomer (3) in MES model were significantly greater than those of the standard H3R inverse agonist/antagonist pitolisant, comparable with those observed for PHT, and reversed when rats were pretreated with the selective H3R agonist R-(α)-methyl-histamine. Comparisons of the observed antagonistic in vitro affinities among the ligands 1–6 revealed profound stereoselectivity at human H3Rs with varying preferences for this receptor subtype. Moreover, the in vivo anticonvulsant effects observed in this study for ligands 1–6 showed stereoselectivity in different convulsion models in male adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miriam Walter
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Levoin N, Labeeuw O, Billot X, Calmels T, Danvy D, Krief S, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Lecomte JM, Schwartz JC, Capet M. Discovery of nanomolar ligands with novel scaffolds for the histamine H4 receptor by virtual screening. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 125:565-572. [PMID: 27718472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of histamine H4 receptor (H4R) in immune cells chemotaxis and mediator release makes it an attractive target for the treatment of inflammation disorders. A decade of medicinal chemistry efforts has led to several promising ligands, although the chemical structures described so far possesses a singular limited diversity. We report here the discovery of novel structures, belonging to completely different scaffolds. The virtual screening was planed as a two-steps process. First, using a "scout screening" methodology, we have experimentally probed the H4R ligand binding site using a small size chemical library with very diverse structures, and identified a hit that further assist us in refining a raw 3D homology model. Second, the refined 3D model was used to conduct a widened virtual screening. This two-steps strategy proved to be very successful, both in terms of structural diversity and hit rate (23%). Moreover, the hits have high affinity for the H4R, with most potent ligands in the nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Levoin
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France.
| | - Olivier Labeeuw
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Billot
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Calmels
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | - Denis Danvy
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Krief
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | | | - Jeanne-Marie Lecomte
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
| | | | - Marc Capet
- Bioprojet-Biotech, 4rue du Chesnay Beauregard, 35762 Saint-Gregoire Cedex, France
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Sadek B, Saad A, Sadeq A, Jalal F, Stark H. Histamine H3 receptor as a potential target for cognitive symptoms in neuropsychiatric diseases. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:415-30. [PMID: 27363923 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential contributions of the brain histaminergic system in neurodegenerative diseases, and the possiblity of histamine-targeting treatments is attracting considerable interests. The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is expressed mainly in the central nervous system, and is, consequently, an attractive pharmacological target. Although recently described clinical trials have been disappointing in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SCH), numerous H3R antagonists, including pitolisant, demonstrate potential in the treatment of narcolepsy, excessive daytime sleepiness associated with cognitive impairment, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review focuses on the recent preclinical as well as clinical results that support the relevance of H3R antagonists for the treatment of cognitive symptoms in neuropsychiatric diseases, namely AD, epilepsy and SCH. The review summarizes the role of histaminergic neurotransmission with focus on these brain disorders, as well as the effects of numerous H3R antagonists on animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel Sadeq
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fakhreya Jalal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Khanfar MA, Affini A, Lutsenko K, Nikolic K, Butini S, Stark H. Multiple Targeting Approaches on Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:201. [PMID: 27303254 PMCID: PMC4884744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the very recent market approval of pitolisant (Wakix®), the interest in clinical applications of novel multifunctional histamine H3 receptor antagonists has clearly increased. Since histamine H3 receptor antagonists in clinical development have been tested for a variety of different indications, the combination of pharmacological properties in one molecule for improved pharmacological effects and reduced unwanted side-effects is rationally based on the increasing knowledge on the complex neurotransmitter regulations. The polypharmacological approaches on histamine H3 receptor antagonists on different G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, enzymes as well as on NO-signaling mechanism are described, supported with some lead structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Khanfar
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet DuesseldorfDuesseldorf, Germany; Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of JordanAmman, Jordan
| | - Anna Affini
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kiril Lutsenko
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Holger Stark
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
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Panula P, Chazot PL, Cowart M, Gutzmer R, Leurs R, Liu WLS, Stark H, Thurmond RL, Haas HL. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCVIII. Histamine Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 67:601-55. [PMID: 26084539 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 362] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a developmentally highly conserved autacoid found in most vertebrate tissues. Its physiological functions are mediated by four 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (H1R, H2R, H3R, H4R) that are all targets of pharmacological intervention. The receptors display molecular heterogeneity and constitutive activity. H1R antagonists are long known antiallergic and sedating drugs, whereas the H2R was identified in the 1970s and led to the development of H2R-antagonists that revolutionized stomach ulcer treatment. The crystal structure of ligand-bound H1R has rendered it possible to design new ligands with novel properties. The H3R is an autoreceptor and heteroreceptor providing negative feedback on histaminergic and inhibition on other neurons. A block of these actions promotes waking. The H4R occurs on immuncompetent cells and the development of anti-inflammatory drugs is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pertti Panula
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Paul L Chazot
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Marlon Cowart
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Rob Leurs
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Wai L S Liu
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Holger Stark
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Robin L Thurmond
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Helmut L Haas
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
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Kuder K, Łażewska D, Latacz G, Schwed JS, Karcz T, Stark H, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Chlorophenoxy aminoalkyl derivatives as histamine H(3)R ligands and antiseizure agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:53-72. [PMID: 26690914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of twenty new chlorophenoxyalkylamine derivatives (9-28) was synthesized and evaluated on their binding properties at the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The spacer alkyl chain contained five to seven carbon atoms. The highest affinities have shown the 4-chloro substituted derivatives 10 and 25 (Ki=133 and 128 nM, respectively) classified as antagonists in cAMP accumulation assay (EC50=72 and 75 nM, respectively). Synthesized compounds were also evaluated for anticonvulsant activity in Antiepileptic Screening Program (ASP) at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (USA). Two compounds (4-chloro substituted derivatives: 20 and 26) were the most promising and showed in the MES seizure model in rats (after ip administration) ED50 values of 14 mg/kg and 13.18 mg/kg, respectively. Protective indexes (PI=TD50/ED50) were 3.2 for 20 and 3.8 for 26. Moreover, molecular modeling and docking studies were undertaken to explain affinity at hH3R of target compounds, and the experimentally and in silico estimation of properties like lipophilicity and metabolism was performed. Antiproliferative effects have been also investigated in vitro for selected compounds (10 and 25). These compounds neither possessed significant antiproliferative and antitumor activity, nor modulated CYP3A4 activity up to concentration of 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kuder
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Janina Karolak-Wojciechowska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Łódź, Żeromskiego 116 Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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Sadek B, Stark H. Cherry-picked ligands at histamine receptor subtypes. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:56-73. [PMID: 26581501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Histamine, a biogenic amine, is considered as a principle mediator of multiple physiological effects through binding to its H1, H2, H3, and H4 receptors (H1-H4Rs). Currently, the HRs have gained attention as important targets for the treatment of several diseases and disorders ranging from allergy to Alzheimer's disease and immune deficiency. Accordingly, medicinal chemistry studies exploring histamine-like molecules and their physicochemical properties by binding and interacting with the four HRs has led to the development of a diversity of agonists and antagonists that display selectivity for each HR subtype. An overview on H1-R4Rs and developed ligands representing some key steps in development is provided here combined with a short description of structure-activity relationships for each class. Main chemical diversities, pharmacophores, and pharmacological profiles of most innovative H1-H4R agonists and antagonists are highlighted. Therefore, this overview should support the rational choice for the optimal ligand selection based on affinity, selectivity and efficacy data in biochemical and pharmacological studies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sadek B, Saad A, Subramanian D, Shafiullah M, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowiczc K. Anticonvulsant and procognitive properties of the non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist DL77 in male adult rats. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:46-55. [PMID: 26525191 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It has become clear that histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) are implicated in modulating epilepsy and memory in laboratory animals. The new non-imidazole H3R antagonist DL77 has excellent selectivity profile and shows high in-vivo potency as well as in-vitro antagonist affinity with ED50 values of 2.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg and 8.4 ± 1.3 [nM], respectively. In the present study, the anticonvulsant effects of DL77 on maximal electroshock (MES)-, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-, and strychnine (STR)-induced seizure models were investigated. Moreover, the procognitive properties of DL77 were tested on acquisition, consolidation and retrieval processes in a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task in male Wistar rats. The results indicate that DL77 (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly and dose-dependently reduced MES-induced seizure duration, whereas no protection was observed in PTZ- or STR-induced seizures. Importantly, the protective action observed for DL77 in MES-induced seizure was comparable to that of the reference antiepileptic drug (AED) phenytoin (PHT), and was also reversed when rats were pretreated with the CNS penetrant pyrilamine (PYR) (10 mg/kg, i.p.), or with the selective H3R agonist R-(α)-methyl-histamine (RAMH) (10 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, the procognitive studies indicate that acute pre-training systemic administration of DL77 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) facilitated acquisition, whereas pre-testing acute administration of DL77 (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) improved retrieval. Interestingly, the procognitive effect of DL77 on retrieval was completely abrogated when rats were pretreated with the centrally-acting H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL) but not the centrally acting H1R antagonist PYR, indicating that histaminergic pathways through activation of H2Rs appear to be participating in neuronal circuits involved in retrieval processes. Taken together, our results show that DL77 demonstrates anticonvulsant properties in the MES-induced seizure model and improves cognitive performance through actions on different memory stages. Therefore, H3Rs may have implications for the treatment of degenerative disorders associated with impaired memory function and may represent a novel therapeutic pharmacological target to tackle cognitive problems associated with the chronic use of antiepileptic drugs. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dhanasekaran Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Shafiullah
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowiczc
- Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Bahi A, Sadek B, Nurulain SM, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K. The novel non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist DL77 reduces voluntary alcohol intake and ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in mice. Physiol Behav 2015; 151:189-97. [PMID: 26169446 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
It has become clear that histamine H3 receptors (H3R) have been implicated in modulating ethanol intake and preference in laboratory animals. The novel non-imidazole H3R antagonist DL77 with excellent selectivity profile shows high in-vivo potency as well as in-vitro antagonist affinity with ED50 of 2.1 ± 0.2 mg/kg and pKi=8.08, respectively. In the present study, and applying an unlimited access two-bottle choice procedure, the anti-alcohol effects of the H3R antagonist, DL77 (0, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg; i.p.), were investigated in adult mice. In this C57BL/6 line, effects of DL77 on voluntary alcohol intake and preference, as well as on total fluid intake were evaluated. Results have shown that DL77, dose-dependently, reduced both ethanol intake and preference. These effects were very selective as both saccharin and quinine, used to control for taste sensitivity, and intakes were not affected following DL77 pre-application. More importantly, systemic administration of DL77 (10 mg/kg) during acquisition inhibited ethanol-induced conditioned-place preference (EtOH-CPP) as measured using an unbiased protocol. The anti-alcohol activity observed for DL77 was abrogated when mice were pretreated with the selective H3R agonist R-(α)-methyl-histamine (RAMH) (10 mg/kg), or with the CNS penetrant H1R antagonist pyrilamine (PYR) (10mg/kg). These results suggest that DL77 has a predominant role in two in vivo effects of ethanol. Therefore, signaling via H3R is essential for ethanol-related consumption and conditioned reward and may represent a novel therapeutic pharmacological target to tackle ethanol abuse and alcoholism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Bahi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Corrêa MF, dos Santos Fernandes JP. Histamine H4 receptor ligands: future applications and state of art. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 85:461-80. [PMID: 25228262 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histamine is a chemical transmitter found practically in whole organism and exerts its effects through the interaction with H1 to H4 histaminergic receptors. Specifically, H4 receptors are found mainly in immune cells and blood-forming tissues, thus are involved in inflammatory and immune processes, as well as some actions in central nervous system. Therefore, H4 receptor ligands can have applications in the treatment of chronic inflammatory and immune diseases and may be novel therapeutic option in these conditions. Several H4 receptor ligands have been described from early 2000's until nowadays, being imidazole, indolecarboxamide, 2-aminopyrimidine, quinazoline, and quinoxaline scaffolds the most explored and discussed in this review. Moreover, several studies of molecular modeling using homology models of H4 receptor and QSAR data of the ligands are summarized. The increasing and promising therapeutic applications are leading these compounds to clinical trials, which probably will be part of the next generation of blockbuster drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Fidelis Corrêa
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, UNIFESP, Diadema, Brazil
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Mansueto R, Perna FM, Salomone A, Perrone S, Florio S, Capriati V. Efficient Regioselective Synthesis of 3,4,5-Trisubstituted 1,2,4-Triazoles on the Basis of a Lithiation-Trapping Sequence. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sadek B, Schreeb A, Schwed JS, Weizel L, Stark H. Drug-likeness approach of 2-aminopyrimidines as histamine H3 receptor ligands. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1499-513. [PMID: 25278747 PMCID: PMC4179762 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s66179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A small series of compounds containing derivatives of 2,4-diamino- and 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (compounds 2–7) was synthesized and tested for binding affinity to human histamine H3 receptors (hH3Rs) stably expressed in HEK-293 cells and human H4Rs (hH4Rs) co-expressed with Gαi2 and Gβ1γ2 subunits in Sf9 cells. Working in part from the lead compound 6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-N4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (compound 1) with unsatisfactory affinity and selectivity to hH3Rs, our structure-activity relationship studies revealed that replacement of 4-methylpiperazino by N-benzylamine and substitution of an amine group at the 2-position of the 2-aminopyrimidine core structure with 3-piperidinopropoxyphenyl moiety as an hH3R pharmacophore resulted in N4-benzyl-N2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (compound 5) with high hH3R affinity (ki =4.49±1.25 nM) and H3R receptor subtype selectivity of more than 6,500×. Moreover, initial metric analyses were conducted based on their target-oriented drug-likeness for predictively quantifying lipophilicity, ligand efficiency, lipophilicity-dependent ligand efficiency, molecular size-independent efficiency, and topological molecular polar surface. As to the development of potential H3R ligands, results showed that integration of the hH3R pharmacophore in hH4R-affine structural scaffolds resulted in compounds with high hH3R affinity (4.5–650 nM), moderate to low hH4R affinity (4,500–30,000 nM), receptor subtype selectivity (ratio hH4R/hH3R; 8–6,500), and promising calculated drug-likeness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Annemarie Schreeb
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany ; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Lipani L, Odadzic D, Weizel L, Schwed JS, Sadek B, Stark H. Studies on molecular properties prediction and histamine H3 receptor affinities of novel ligands with uracil-based motifs. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:578-88. [PMID: 25218907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) plays a role in cognitive and memory processes and is involved in different neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and narcolepsy. Therefore, several hH3R antagonists/inverse agonists entered clinical phases for a broad spectrum of mainly centrally occurring diseases. However, many other promising candidates failed due to their pharmacokinetic profile, mostly because of their strong lipophilicity accompanied with low solubility. Analysis of previous potential H3R selective antagonists/inverse agonists, e.g. pitolisant, revealed promising results concerning physicochemical properties and drug-likeness. Herein, a series of new hH3R ligands 8-20 consisting of piperidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl-propoxyphenyl coupled to different uracil, thymine, and 5,6-dimethyluracil related moieties, were synthesized, evaluated on their binding properties at the hH3R and the estimation of different physicochemical and drug-likeness properties. Due to the coupling to various positions at pyrimidine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione, affinity at hH3Rs and drug-likeness parameters have been improved. For instance, compound 9 showed in addition to high affinity at the hH3R (pKi (hH3R) = 8.14) clog S, clog P, LE, LipE, and drug-likeness score values of -4.36, 3.47, 0.34, 4.63, and 1.54, respectively. Also, the methyl substituted analog 17 (pKi (hH3R) = 8.15) revealed LE, LipE and drug-likeness score values of -3.29, 2.47, 0.49, 5.52, and 1.76, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lipani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dalibor Odadzic
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes-Stephan Schwed
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Holger Stark
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Sadek B, Kuder K, Subramanian D, Shafiullah M, Stark H, Łażewska D, Adem A, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Anticonvulsive effect of nonimidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonists. Behav Pharmacol 2014; 25:245-52. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Bahi A, Schwed JS, Walter M, Stark H, Sadek B. Anxiolytic and antidepressant-like activities of the novel and potent non-imidazole histamine H₃ receptor antagonist ST-1283. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:627-37. [PMID: 24920886 PMCID: PMC4044994 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s63088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a potential link between histamine H₃ receptors (H₃R) signaling and anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of ST-1283, a novel H₃R antagonist, on anxiety-related and depression-related behaviors in comparison with those of diazepam and fluoxetine. The effects of ST-1283 were evaluated using the elevated plus maze test, open field test, marbles burying test, tail suspension test, novelty suppressed feeding test, and forced swim test in male C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that, like diazepam, ST-1283 (7.5 mg/kg) significantly modified all the parameters observed in the elevated plus maze test. In addition, ST-1283 significantly increased the amount of time spent in the center of the arena without altering general motor activity in the open field test. In the same vein, ST-1283 reduced the number of buried marbles as well as time spent digging in the marbles burying test. The tail suspension test and forced swim test showed that ST-1283 was able to reduce immobility time, like the recognized antidepressant drug fluoxetine. In the novelty suppressed feeding test, treatment with ST-1283 decreased latency to feed with no effect on food intake in the home cage. Importantly, pretreatment with the H₃R agonist R-α-methylhistamine abrogated the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of ST-1283. Taken together, the present series of studies demonstrates the novel effects of this newly synthesized H₃R antagonist in a number of preclinical models of psychiatric disorders and highlights the histaminergic system as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of anxiety-related and depression-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Bahi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Biozentrum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany ; Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam Walter
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Biozentrum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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