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Paulus F, Holm R, Stappaerts J, Bauer-Brandl A. Absorption of cinnarizine from type II lipid-based formulations: Impact of lipid chain length, supersaturation, digestion, and precipitation inhibition. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 197:106765. [PMID: 38608735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations (LBFs) are an enabling-formulation approach for lipophilic poorly water-soluble compounds. In LBFs, drugs are commonly pre-dissolved in lipids, and/or surfactants/cosolvents, hereby avoiding the rate-limiting dissolution step. According to the Lipid formulation classification system, proposed by Pouton in 2006, in type II LBFs a surfactant with an HLB-value lower than 12 is added to the lipids. If high drug doses are required, e.g. for preclinical toxicity studies, supersaturated LBFs prepared at elevated temperatures may be a possibility to increase drug exposure. In the present study, the impact of digestion on drug absorption in rats was studied by pre-dosing of the lipase inhibitor orlistat. The lipid chain length of the type II LBFs was varied by administration of a medium-chain- (MC) and a long-chain (LC)-based formulation. Different drug doses, both non-supersaturated and supersaturated, were applied. Due to an inherent precipitation tendency of cinnarizine in supersaturated LBFs, the effect of the addition of the precipitation inhibitor Soluplus® was also investigated. The pharmacokinetic results were also evaluated by multiple linear regression. In most cases LC-based LBFs did not perform better in vivo, in terms of a higher area under the curve (AUC0-24 h) and maximal plasma concentration (Cmax), than MC-based LBFs. The administration of supersaturated LBFs resulted in increased AUC0-24 h (1.5 - 3.2-fold) and Cmax (1.1 - 2.6-fold)-values when compared to the non-supersaturated equivalents. Lipase inhibition led to a decreased drug exposure in most cases, especially for LC formulations (AUC0-24 h reduced to 47 - 67%, Cmax to 46 - 62%). The addition of Soluplus® showed a benefit to drug absorption from supersaturated type II LBFs (1.2 - 1.7-fold AUC0-24 h), due to an increased solubility of cinnarizine in the formulation. Upon dose-normalization of the pharmacokinetic parameters, no beneficial effect of Soluplus® could be demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Paulus
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium; Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - René Holm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Jef Stappaerts
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark.
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Paulus F, Bauer-Brandl A, Stappaerts J, Holm R. Digestion is a critical element for absorption of cinnarizine from supersaturated lipid-based type I formulations. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106634. [PMID: 37951315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Enabling formulations, such as lipid-based formulations (LBFs), are means to deliver challenging-to-formulate, poorly soluble drugs. LBFs may be composed of lipids, surfactants and/or cosolvents and can be classified depending on the proportions of the components and the hydrophilicity of the surfactant according to the Lipid Formulations Classification System, ranging from type I (very lipophilic) to type IV (hydrophilic). In cases where drug solubility in LBFs does not suffice, e.g. for preclinical toxicity studies, supersaturated LBFs can be used in order to increase the drug load. However, the effect of digestion on drug absorption from supersaturated type I formulations (consisting exclusively of lipids) still remains relatively unexplored and unclear. In the present study, the impact of lipid digestion on absorption of cinnarizine-loaded supersaturated lipid-based formulations of type I was investigated in rats by pre-dosing of the lipase inhibitor orlistat. The lipid chain length and the drug dose were varied by testing medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) and long-chain triglycerides (LCT), both supersaturated and non-supersaturated. Due to the physical instability of supersaturated formulations of cinnarizine, i.e. a potential of precipitation of cinnarizine, the impact of the addition of the amphiphilic polymer Soluplus®, as a potential precipitation inhibitor, was also investigated. The supersaturated systems resulted in a 2.3 - 3.3-fold higher Area Under the Curve (AUC0-24 h, not dose-normalized) and 1.4 - 2.2-fold higher maximum plasma concentration (Cmax, not dose-normalized) than non-supersaturated formulations (statistically significant with p = 0.05), whereas the addition of Soluplus® did not reveal any benefit. Results indicated that lipase inhibition affected the in vivo performance of LBFs: Co-administration of the lipase inhibitor significantly reduced Cmax and AUC0-24 h (both to 33-39 %, not dose-normalized) for the LCT formulations and, though not significant, a similar trend was observed for the AUC0-24 h of the MCT formulations (to 53-87 %), suggesting a higher dependency on lipolysis for LCT. Also, tmax tended to decrease to 20-60 % when compared to the animals not dosed with orlistat but lacking statistical significance. Without lipase inhibition, the LCT in general lead to better absorption of cinnarizine as compared to MCT, with 1.2-1.7-fold higher AUC0-24 h and 1.4-1.8-fold higher Cmax, but without showing statistical significance. Overall, the study revealed that lipolysis plays a major role in drug absorption from supersaturated lipid-based formulations type I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Paulus
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium; Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Jef Stappaerts
- Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse 2340, Belgium
| | - René Holm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark.
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Fine-Shamir N, Dahan A. Solubility-enabling formulations for oral delivery of lipophilic drugs: considering the solubility-permeability interplay for accelerated formulation development. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:13-29. [PMID: 38124383 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2298247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tackling low water solubility of drug candidates is a major challenge in today's pharmaceutics/biopharmaceutics, especially by means of modern solubility-enabling formulations. However, drug absorption from these formulations oftentimes remains unchanged or even decreases, despite substantial solubility enhancement. AREAS COVERED In this article, we overview the simultaneous effects of the formulation on the solubility and the apparent permeability of the drug, and analyze the contribution of this solubility-permeability interplay to the success/failure of the formulation to increase the overall absorption and bioavailability. Three different patterns of interplay were identified: (1) solubility-permeability tradeoff in which every solubility gain comes with a price of concomitant permeability loss; (2) an advantageous interplay pattern in which the permeability remains unchanged alongside the solubility gain; and (3) an optimal interplay pattern in which the formulation increases both the solubility and the permeability. Passive vs. active intestinal permeability considerations in the context of the solubility-permeability interplay are also thoroughly discussed. EXPERT OPINION The solubility-permeability interplay pattern of a given formulation has a critical effect on its overall success/failure, and hence, taking into account both parameters in solubility-enabling formulation development is prudent and highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Reppas C, Kuentz M, Bauer-Brandl A, Carlert S, Dallmann A, Dietrich S, Dressman J, Ejskjaer L, Frechen S, Guidetti M, Holm R, Holzem FL, Karlsson Ε, Kostewicz E, Panbachi S, Paulus F, Senniksen MB, Stillhart C, Turner DB, Vertzoni M, Vrenken P, Zöller L, Griffin BT, O'Dwyer PJ. Leveraging the use of in vitro and computational methods to support the development of enabling oral drug products: An InPharma commentary. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106505. [PMID: 37343604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to the strong tendency towards poorly soluble drugs in modern development pipelines, enabling drug formulations such as amorphous solid dispersions, cyclodextrins, co-crystals and lipid-based formulations are frequently applied to solubilize or generate supersaturation in gastrointestinal fluids, thus enhancing oral drug absorption. Although many innovative in vitro and in silico tools have been introduced in recent years to aid development of enabling formulations, significant knowledge gaps still exist with respect to how best to implement them. As a result, the development strategy for enabling formulations varies considerably within the industry and many elements of empiricism remain. The InPharma network aims to advance a mechanistic, animal-free approach to the assessment of drug developability. This commentary focuses current status and next steps that will be taken in InPharma to identify and fully utilize 'best practice' in vitro and in silico tools for use in physiologically based biopharmaceutic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Reppas
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Kuentz
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz CH 4132, Switzerland
| | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | | | - André Dallmann
- Pharmacometrics/Modeling and Simulation, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Shirin Dietrich
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Jennifer Dressman
- Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lotte Ejskjaer
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sebastian Frechen
- Pharmacometrics/Modeling and Simulation, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Matteo Guidetti
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark; Solvias AG, Department for Solid-State Development, Römerpark 2, 4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - René Holm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Florentin Lukas Holzem
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark; Pharmaceutical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Edmund Kostewicz
- Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shaida Panbachi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz CH 4132, Switzerland
| | - Felix Paulus
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Malte Bøgh Senniksen
- Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Pharmaceutical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cordula Stillhart
- Pharmaceutical R&D, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Paul Vrenken
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Pharmacometrics/Modeling and Simulation, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Laurin Zöller
- AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden; Fraunhofer Institute of Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Fukuno S, Nagai K, Kurotobi A, Sahori Y, Nakagawa R, Nomura R, Ito T, Konishi H. Danazol increases the oral bioavailability of midazolam by inactivation of hepatic and intestinal CYP3A in rats. Xenobiotica 2023; 53:421-428. [PMID: 37640546 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2253314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Danazol (DNZ) is a synthetic androgen derivative used for the treatment of intractable hematological disorders. In this study, we investigated the effects of DNZ on CYP3A activity in hepatic and small intestinal microsomes and the pharmacokinetics of midazolam (MDZ), a typical substrate for CYP3A, in rats.MDZ 4-hydroxylation activities in hepatic and small intestinal microsomes significantly decreased 24 h after DNZ (100 mg/kg, i.p.) treatment. Time-dependent inactivation of MDZ 4-hydroxylation activities was noted when microsomes were pre-incubated with DNZ in the presence of a NADPH-generating system.The Western blot analysis indicated that the decrease observed in enzyme activity was not due to changes in the protein expression of CYP3A.In contrast to the intravenous administration, serum MDZ concentrations in DNZ-treated rats were markedly higher than those in control rats when administered orally. DNZ treatment increased MDZ oral bioavailability by approximately 2.5-folds.We herein demonstrated that DNZ increased the bioavailability of orally administered MDZ through irreversible inactivation of hepatic and intestinal CYP3A in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Fukuno
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Nagai
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Akemi Kurotobi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Sahori
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Rena Nomura
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Takuya Ito
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Konishi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University, Tondabayashi, Japan
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Al-Badr AA. Danazol. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2022; 47:149-326. [PMID: 35396014 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive profile of danazol describing the nomenclatures, formulae, elemental composition, appearance, uses and applications is presented. The profile contains the method which was utilized for the preparation of the drug substance and its respective scheme is outlined. The physical characteristics of the drug including the solubility, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal behavior and spectroscopic studies are described. The methods which were used for the analysis of the drug substance in bulk drug and/or in pharmaceutical formulations including the compendial, spectrophotometric, electrochemical and the chromatographic methods are reported. The stability, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug evaluation and monitoring, comparisons, pharmacology, in addition to several compiled reviews on the drug substance which were involved. Finally, two hundred and seventy-nine references are listed at the end of this profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Al-Badr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Eriksen JB, Jacobsen AC, Christensen KT, Bauer-Brandl A, Brandl M. 'Stirred not Shaken!' Comparing Agitation Methods for Permeability Studies Using a Novel Type of 96-Well Sandwich-Plates. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:32-40. [PMID: 34102204 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to achieve a high sample throughput, permeation experiments are often carried out using 96-well sandwich plates. Even though agitation is regarded as important, permeation studies in 96-well format are often carried out without agitation since orbital shaking, the most common agitation method for 96-well plates, has been reported to create difficulties (e.g., well-to-well cross-talk), and high cost and low availability limits the use of other agitation techniques (e.g., magnetic stirring). This study investigates how orbital shaking and magnetic stirring affect the apparent permeability of model compounds with different water-solubilities (methylene blue, carbamazepine, and albendazole) using a novel 96-well sandwich plate comprising a cellulose-hydrate membrane (PermeaPlain® plate). Orbital shaking was found less efficient than magnetic stirring in terms of homogeneously distributing a small volume of dye within the donor compartment. Furthermore, in terms of achieving maximum trans-barrier flux, magnetic stirring was found a more effective agitation method than orbital shaking. Obviously, with orbital shaking the medium in the bottom compartment of the sandwich plates never was mixed in-phase. The impact of insufficient mixing on permeation was found strongest with the most lipophilic compound, which correlates with literature reports that the contribution of the unstirred water layer towards the overall resistance of the barrier is most expressed in case of lipophilic drugs. Finally, it was tested how different liquid volumes in the bottom compartment of the plates affect the well-to-well cross-talk during permeation experiments under orbital shaking. This study revealed that 250-300 µL should be used in the bottom compartment of the sandwich plates to reduce well-to-well cross-talk when using orbital shaking for agitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann-Christin Jacobsen
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | | | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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8
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Eriksen JB, Christensen SB, Bauer-Brandl A, Brandl M. Dissolution/Permeation of Albendazole in the Presence of Cyclodextrin and Bile Salts: A Mechanistic In-Vitro Study into Factors Governing Oral Bioavailability. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1667-1673. [PMID: 34808218 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to understand the impact of the interplay between bile salts and cyclodextrins on the dissolution-permeation of poorly soluble drug compounds with a moderate-strong binding constant to cyclodextrin. Phase diagrams were prepared on the chosen model compound albendazole in phosphate buffer, fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF), and a modified fed state simulated intestinal fluid (FeSSIFmod) with (2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) concentrations of up to 10 % (m/m). Then we investigated the dissolution/permeation interplay of albendazole dissolved/suspended in the different media through a biomimetic barrier on a 96-well in vitro model. The apparent solubility of albendazole was enhanced by HP-β-CD and FaSSIF/FeSSIFmod separately. However, when albendazole was dissolved in HP-β-CD and biomimetic media together, the solubility was significantly lower than the predicted additive solubility from the solubilizing effects. It is postulated that this is due to the sodium taurocholate from the biomimetic media displacing albendazole from the hydrophobic cavity of HP-β-CD. In the permeation experiments, the highest permeation was observed at cyclodextrin concentrations able to solubilize close to the total dose of albendazole without a major surplus of solubilization capacity. Furthermore, an over-proportional permeation enhancement was observed when both, cyclodextrin and biomimetic media were present. These results indicate that the interplay between bile salts and cyclodextrins can enhance the free (molecularly dissolved) fraction of drug in solution to a greater extent than could be obtained with one of the solubilizing components alone. In conclusion, at carefully selected cyclodextrin-concentrations in combination with biomimetic media, obviously, a transient supersaturation is induced, which is made responsible for the observed major permeation enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Martin Brandl
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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Baveloni FG, Riccio BVF, Di Filippo LD, Fernandes MA, Meneguin AB, Chorilli M. Nanotechnology-based Drug Delivery Systems as Potential for Skin Application: A Review. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3216-3248. [PMID: 32867631 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200831125656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Administration of substances through the skin represents a promising alternative, in relation to other drug administration routes, due to its large body surface area, in order to offer ideal and multiple sites for drug administration. In addition, the administration of drugs through the skin avoids the first-pass metabolism, allowing an increase in the bioavailability of drugs, as well as reducing their side effects. However, the stratum corneum (SC) comprises the main barrier of protection against external agents, mainly due to its structure, composition and physicochemical properties, becoming the main limitation for the administration of substances through the skin. In view of the above, pharmaceutical technology has allowed the development of multiple drug delivery systems (DDS), which include liquid crystals (LC), cubosomes, liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (PNP), nanoemulsions (NE), as well as cyclodextrins (CD) and dendrimers (DND). It appears that the DDS circumvents the problems of drug absorption through the SC layer of the skin, ensuring the release of the drug, as well as optimizing the therapeutic effect locally. This review aims to highlight the DDS that include LC, cubosomes, lipid systems, PNP, as well as CD and DND, to optimize topical skin therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Garcia Baveloni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Bruno Vincenzo Fiod Riccio
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Delello Di Filippo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Mariza Aires Fernandes
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Drugs and Medicines, Sao Paulo State University, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 01, Araraquara, SP, CEP 14800-903, Brazil
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10
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Fine-Shamir N, Beig A, Dahan A. Adequate formulation approach for oral chemotherapy: Etoposide solubility, permeability, and overall bioavailability from cosolvent- vs. vitamin E TPGS-based delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120295. [PMID: 33497706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Injectable-to-oral conversions for anticancer drugs represent an important trend. The goal of this research was to investigate the suitability of formulation approaches for anticancer oral drug delivery, aiming to reveal mechanistic insights that may guide oral chemotherapy development. TPGS vs. PEG-400 were studied as oral formulations for the anticancer drug etoposide, accounting for drug solubility, biorelevant dissolution, permeability, solubility-permeability interplay, and overall bioavailability. Increased etoposide solubility was demonstrated with both excipients. Biorelevant dissolution revealed that TPGS or PEG-400, but not aqueous suspension, allowed complete dissolution of the entire drug dose. Both TPGS and PEG-400 resulted in decreased in-vitro etoposide permeability across artificial membrane, i.e. solubility-permeability tradeoff. While PEG-400 resulted in the same solubility-permeability tradeoff also in-vivo, TPGS showed the opposite trend: the in-vivo permeability of etoposide was markedly increased in the presence of TPGS. This increased permeability was similar to the drug permeability under P-gp inhibition. Rat PK study demonstrated significantly higher etoposide bioavailability from TPGS vs. PEG-400 or suspension (AUC of 72, 41, and 26 µg·min/mL, respectively). All in all, TPGS-based delivery system allows overcoming the solubility-permeability tradeoff, increasing systemic etoposide exposure. Since poor solubility and strong efflux are common to many anticancer agents, this work can aid in the development of better oral delivery approach for chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Avital Beig
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
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Kashapov RR, Lykova AA, Mamedova VL, Kadyrova SF, Sapunova AS, Voloshina AD, Mamedov VA, Zakharova LY. Solubility and biological activity enhancement of the highly lipophilic viridicatins via interaction with cyclodextrins. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Cyclodextrin Encapsulated pH Sensitive Dyes as Fluorescent Cellular Probes: Self-Aggregation and In Vitro Assessments. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194397. [PMID: 32987884 PMCID: PMC7582577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a series of novel, supramolecular, long-lived fluorescent probes based on the host-guest inclusion complexes formation between fluorescent indolizinyl-pyridinium salts and β-cyclodextrin. Fluorescence and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry experiments, supported by theoretical molecular docking studies, were utilized in the monitoring of the inclusion complexes formation, evidencing the appearance of corresponding 1:1 and 1:2 species. Additionally, the influence of the guest molecule over the aggregation processes of the cyclodextrin inclusion complexes was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The absence of cytotoxicity, cellular permeability, long-lived intracellular fluorescence, and in time specific accumulation within acidic organelles identified the investigated supramolecular entities as remarkable candidates for intracellular fluorescence probes. Co-staining experiments using specific organelle markers revealed the fact that, after a 24-h incubation period, the inclusion complexes accumulate predominantly in lysosomes rather than in mitochondria. This study opens new possibilities for a broad range of fluorescent dyes with solubility and high toxicity issues, able to form inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin, to be tested as intracellular fluorescence probes.
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Nainwal N, Singh R, Jawla S, Saharan VA. The Solubility-Permeability Interplay for Solubility-Enabling Oral Formulations. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1434-1446. [PMID: 31333138 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190717114521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) classifies the drugs based on their intrinsic solubility and intestinal permeability. The drugs with good solubility and intestinal permeability have good bioavailability. The drugs with poor solubility and poor permeability have solubility dependent and permeability dependent bioavailability, respectively. In the current pharmaceutical field, most of the drugs have poor solubility. To solve the problem of poor solubility, various solubility enhancement approaches have been successfully used. The effects of these solubility enhancing approaches on the intestinal permeability of the drugs are a matter of concern, and must not be overlooked. The current review article focuses on the effect of various solubility enhancing approaches viz. cyclodextrin, surfactant, cosolvent, hydrotropes, and amorphous solid dispersion, on the intestinal permeability of drugs. This article will help in the designing of the optimized formulations having balanced solubility enhancement without affecting the permeability of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Nainwal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Balawala, Dehradun, India
| | - Ranjit Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University Gangoh, Saharanpur, India
| | - Sunil Jawla
- School of Pharmacy, Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University Gangoh, Saharanpur, India
| | - Vikas Anand Saharan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Balawala, Dehradun, India
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Barreto da Silva L, Camargo SB, Moraes RDA, Medeiros CF, Jesus ADM, Evangelista A, Villarreal CF, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Silva DF. Antihypertensive effect of carvacrol is improved after incorporation in β-cyclodextrin as a drug delivery system. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1798-1807. [PMID: 32568422 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Carvacrol (CARV), has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties, especially in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. We evaluated the antihypertensive effect of the CARV free and encapsulation of CARV in β-cyclodextrin (CARV/β-CD), and whether CARV/β-CD is able to improve the antihypertensive effects of CARV free in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The rats were randomly divided into four groups, each treated daily for 21 days and the mean arterial pressure and heart rate was measured every 5 days: group 1, Wistar-vehicle solution; group 2, SHR-vehicle; group 3, SHR-CARV 50 mg/kg/d; and group 4, CARV/β-CD 50 mg/kg/d. After 21 days of treatment, the mesenteric artery from treated animals was tested for phenylephrine (Phe) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) sensitivity. In addition, administration of CARV/β-CD induced important antihypertensive activity when compared with the uncomplexed form, reducing the progression of arterial hypertension in SHR. Moreover, pharmacological potency to Phe in the SHR-CARV and CARV/β-CD groups was increased, approaching values expressed in the Wistar-vehicle. Furthermore, CARV/β-CD reduced the production of the pro-inflammatory mediator, IL-1β, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Together, these results produced evidence that the encapsulation of CARV in β-CD can improve cardiovascular activity, showing potential anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Barreto da Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Samuel Barbosa Camargo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Raiana Dos Anjos Moraes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Carla Fiama Medeiros
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Melo Jesus
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Darízy Flávia Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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15
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Aungst BJ. The Effects of Dose Volume and Excipient Dose on Luminal Concentration and Oral Drug Absorption. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:99. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00490-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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The solubility, permeability and the dose as key factors in formulation development for oral lipophilic drugs: Maximizing the bioavailability of carbamazepine with a cosolvent-based formulation. Int J Pharm 2020; 582:119307. [PMID: 32276090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate drug dose, solubility, permeability, and their interplay, as key factors in oral formulation development for lipophilic drugs. A PEG400-based formulation was studied for five doses of the lipophilic drug carbamazepine, accounting for biorelevant dissolution of the dose in the GIT, and in-vivo bioavailability in rats. With the three lower doses (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg), complete in-vitro dissolution was achieved and maintained throughout the experiment with this formulation, while significant precipitation was obtained with higher doses (100 and 200 mg/kg). Likewise, the studied formulation allowed complete bioavailability in-vivo with the three lower doses, while the same formulation allowed only 76% and 42% bioavailability for the 100 and 200 mg/kg doses, respectively. There was good correlation between the in-vitro and in-vivo results. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the dose is a crucial factor in formulation development; while a given formulation may be optimal for a certain drug dose, it may no longer be optimal for higher doses of the same drug. Hence, the solubility, the permeability, and their interplay, have to be considered in light of the drug dose intended to be administered in order to achieve successful oral formulation development.
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17
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Rashid M, Malik MY, Singh SK, Chaturvedi S, Gayen JR, Wahajuddin M. Bioavailability Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs: The Holy Grail in Pharma Industry. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:987-1020. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190130110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Bioavailability, one of the prime pharmacokinetic properties of a drug, is defined as the
fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is used to describe
the systemic availability of a drug. Bioavailability assessment is imperative in order to demonstrate whether the
drug attains the desirable systemic exposure for effective therapy. In recent years, bioavailability has become
the subject of importance in drug discovery and development studies.
Methods:
A systematic literature review in the field of bioavailability and the approaches towards its enhancement
have been comprehensively done, purely focusing upon recent papers. The data mining was performed
using databases like PubMed, Science Direct and general Google searches and the collected data was exhaustively
studied and summarized in a generalized manner.
Results:
The main prospect of this review was to generate a comprehensive one-stop summary of the numerous
available approaches and their pharmaceutical applications in improving the stability concerns, physicochemical
and mechanical properties of the poorly water-soluble drugs which directly or indirectly augment their bioavailability.
Conclusion:
The use of novel methods, including but not limited to, nano-based formulations, bio-enhancers,
solid dispersions, lipid-and polymer-based formulations which provide a wide range of applications not only
increases the solubility and permeability of the poorly bioavailable drugs but also improves their stability, and
targeting efficacy. Although, these methods have drastically changed the pharmaceutical industry demand for the
newer potential methods with better outcomes in the field of pharmaceutical science to formulate various dosage
forms with adequate systemic availability and improved patient compliance, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamunur Rashid
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohd Yaseen Malik
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Sandeep K. Singh
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Swati Chaturvedi
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
| | - Jiaur R Gayen
- Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Division, CSIR-CDRI, Lucknow, India
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Fine-Shamir N, Dahan A. Methacrylate-Copolymer Eudragit EPO as a Solubility-Enabling Excipient for Anionic Drugs: Investigation of Drug Solubility, Intestinal Permeability, and Their Interplay. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2884-2891. [PMID: 31120762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the use of the dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-copolymer Eudragit EPO (EPO) in oral solubility-enabling formulations for anionic lipophilic drugs, aiming to guide optional formulation design and maximize oral bioavailability. We have studied the solubility, the permeability, and their interplay, using the low-solubility nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug mefenamic acid as a model drug. Then, we studied the biorelevant solubility enhancement of mefenamic acid from EPO-based formulations throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), using the pH-dilution dissolution method. EPO allowed a profound and linear solubility increase of mefenamic acid, from 10 μg/mL without EPO to 9.41 mg/mL in the presence of 7.5% EPO (∼940-fold; 37 °C); however, a concomitant decrease of the drug permeability was obtained, both in vitro and in vivo in rats, indicating a solubility-permeability trade-off. In the absence of an excipient, the unstirred water layer (UWL) adjacent to the GI membrane was found to hinder the permeability of the drug, accounting for this UWL effect and revealing that the true membrane permeability allowed good prediction of the solubility-permeability trade-off as a function of EPO level using a direct relationship between the increased solubility afforded by a given EPO level and the consequent decreased permeability. Biorelevant dissolution studies revealed that EPO levels of 0.05 and 0.1% were insufficient to dissolve mefenamic acid dose during the entire dissolution time course, whereas 0.5 and 1% EPO allowed complete solubility with no drug precipitation. In conclusion, EPO may serve as a potent solubility-enabling excipient for BCS class II/IV acidic drugs; however, it should be used carefully. It is prudent to use the minimal EPO amounts just sufficient to dissolve the drug dose throughout the GIT and not more than that. Excess amounts of EPO provide no solubility gain and cause further permeability loss, jeopardizing the overall success of the formulation. This work may help the formulator to hit the optimal solubility-permeability balance, maximizing the oral bioavailability afforded by the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105 , Israel
| | - Arik Dahan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva 84105 , Israel
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19
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Pade D, Jamei M, Turner DB, Mistry B, Martinez MN. Danazol oral absorption modelling in the fasted dog: An example of mechanistic understanding of formulation effects on drug pharmacokinetics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 141:191-209. [PMID: 31150808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Oral bioavailability of poorly water soluble (BCS II) drugs like danazol can be minimal without the necessary formulation strategies. Availability of in vitro physicochemical and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies can be valuable when designing these strategies but cannot reveal the drug-formulation-gastrointestinal physiology interplay that impact the successful optimization of intestinal solubilization and resulting oral drug absorption. In silico mechanistic oral drug absorption models can serve as a tool for providing this important perspective and for integrating information generated across various in vivo and in vitro studies. In this work, we detail the development and application of the Simcyp canine ADAM model to nine danazol oral formulations and compare the model predictions to caninein vivo pharmacokinetic data from published literature. The application of this mechanistic approach revealed insights suggesting: (1) complete danazol solubilization in vitro may lead to an over-estimation of oral bioavailability when predictions are not corrected for the in vivo conditions promoting gut luminal precipitation; (2) some solubilizing excipients can influence intestinal physiology in a manner that may reduce danazol absorption; (3) danazol-formulation-luminal bile salts interplay can result in the formation of mixed micelles that negatively impact danazol intestinal permeability; and (4) the magnitude of danazol bioavailability enhancement associated with the use of solubilizing agents can be affected by the presence of saturable gut metabolism that can lead to concentration-dependent differences in its influence in vivo formulation behaviour at high versus low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Pade
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Masoud Jamei
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, United Kingdom
| | - David B Turner
- Certara UK Limited, Simcyp Division, 1 Concourse Way, Sheffield S1 2BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Bipin Mistry
- US FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852, United States; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ 07677, United States(1)
| | - Marilyn N Martinez
- US FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
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20
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Liu T, Wan X, Luo Z, Liu C, Quan P, Cun D, Fang L. A donepezil/cyclodextrin complexation orodispersible film: Effect of cyclodextrin on taste-masking based on dynamic process and in vivo drug absorption. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 14:183-192. [PMID: 32104450 PMCID: PMC7032196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a palatable donepezil (DP) orodispersible film (ODF) to facilitate the swallowing process and investigate the effect of cyclodextrin on taste-masking based on dynamic process and in vivo drug absorption. Complexation of DP with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was applied to mask the bitter taste then the prepared complexes were incorporated into ODF using solvent casting method. The taste-masking efficiency was evaluated by e-tongue; meanwhile the pharmacokinetic behavior of DP/HP-β-CD ODF was investigated by in vivo study. Results showed the optimized film was more palatable than donepezil hydrochloride (DH) film and was bioequivalent with DH. The molecular mechanism was revealed by phase solubility study, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and molecular modeling. Taste-masking was attributed to the formation of DP/HP-β-CD which was due to moderate interaction between DP and HP-β-CD. The stability of DP/HP-β-CD was decreased because of the acid environment in stomach, which facilitated the absorption of DP. These results extended our understanding about the application of cyclodextrin complexation and provided guidance for the design of ODF especially for drugs with disgusting taste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Wuya college of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaocao Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zheng Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Peng Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongmei Cun
- Wuya college of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liang Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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21
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Camargo SB, Simões LO, Medeiros CFDA, de Melo Jesus A, Fregoneze JB, Evangelista A, Villarreal CF, Araújo AADS, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Silva DF. Antihypertensive potential of linalool and linalool complexed with β-cyclodextrin: Effects of subchronic treatment on blood pressure and vascular reactivity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 151:38-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Delrivo A, Aloisio C, Longhi MR, Granero G. Artificial Lipid Membrane Permeability Method for Predicting Intestinal Drug Transport: Probing the Determining Step in the Oral Absorption of Sulfadiazine; Influence of the Formation of Binary and Ternary Complexes with Cyclodextrins. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:1437-1447. [PMID: 29450829 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-0965-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose an in vitro permeability assay by using a modified lipid membrane to predict the in vivo intestinal passive permeability of drugs. Two conditions were tested, one with a gradient pH (pH 5.5 donor/pH 7.4 receptor) and the other with an iso-pH 7.4. The predictability of the method was established by correlating the obtained apparent intestinal permeability coefficients (Papp) and the oral dose fraction absorbed in humans (fa) of 16 drugs with different absorption properties. The Papp values correlated well with the absorption rates under the two conditions, and the method showed high predictability and good reproducibility. On the other hand, with this method, we successfully predicted the transport characteristics of oral sulfadiazine (SDZ). Also, the tradeoff between the increase in the solubility of SDZ by its complex formation with cyclodextrins and/or aminoacids and its oral permeability was assessed. Results suggest that SDZ is transported through the gastrointestinal epithelium by passive diffusion in a pH-dependent manner. These results support the classification of SDZ as a high/low borderline permeability compound and are in agreement with the Biopharmaceutics Classification Systems (BCS). This conclusion is consistent with the in vivo pharmacokinetic properties of SDZ.
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23
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Dos Santos Ramos MA, Da Silva PB, Spósito L, De Toledo LG, Bonifácio BV, Rodero CF, Dos Santos KC, Chorilli M, Bauab TM. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems for control of microbial biofilms: a review. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1179-1213. [PMID: 29520143 PMCID: PMC5834171 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s146195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the dawn of civilization, it has been understood that pathogenic microorganisms cause infectious conditions in humans, which at times, may prove fatal. Among the different virulent properties of microorganisms is their ability to form biofilms, which has been directly related to the development of chronic infections with increased disease severity. A problem in the elimination of such complex structures (biofilms) is resistance to the drugs that are currently used in clinical practice, and therefore, it becomes imperative to search for new compounds that have anti-biofilm activity. In this context, nanotechnology provides secure platforms for targeted delivery of drugs to treat numerous microbial infections that are caused by biofilms. Among the many applications of such nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems is their ability to enhance the bioactive potential of therapeutic agents. The present study reports the use of important nanoparticles, such as liposomes, microemulsions, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic nanoparticles, in controlling microbial biofilms by targeted drug delivery. Such utilization of these nanosystems has led to a better understanding of their applications and their role in combating biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Aparecido Dos Santos Ramos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Biological Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Bento Da Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Drugs and Medicines. Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Larissa Spósito
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Biological Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciani Gaspar De Toledo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Biological Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Vidal Bonifácio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Biological Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Fernanda Rodero
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Drugs and Medicines. Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Cristina Dos Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Drugs and Medicines. Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Drugs and Medicines. Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, Department of Biological Sciences, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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24
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Berben P, Brouwers J, Augustijns P. The artificial membrane insert system as predictive tool for formulation performance evaluation. Int J Pharm 2018; 537:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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25
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Promzeleva M, Volkova T, Proshin A, Siluykov O, Mazur A, Tolstoy P, Ivanov S, Kamilov F, Terekhova I. Improved Biopharmaceutical Properties of Oral Formulations of 1,2,4-Thiadiazole Derivative with Cyclodextrins: in Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:491-501. [PMID: 33418739 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesized 1,2,4-thiadiazole derivative displaying biological activity has low aqueous solubility and dissolution rate. Novel oral formulations of thiadiazole with β- and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrins were obtained by grinding and freeze-drying methods with the purpose to improve the aqueous solubility. Complex formation of 1,2,4-thiadiazole derivative with cyclodextrins was confirmed by means of solid-state 13C MAS CP/TOSS NMR. Solubility, dissolution rate and permeability of the solid inclusion complexes were evaluated in different biorelevant media (SGF, FaSSGF, FaSSIF) simulating the conditions in the gastrointestinal tract. It was demonstrated that the content of biorelevant media affects the properties of the inclusion complexes. In particular, solubilizing effect of cyclodextrins became less pronounced when the micelles of taurocholic acid and lecithin are formed in the dissolution media. The inclusion of thiadiazole into cyclodextrin cavity is in competition with its partitioning into the micelles and this should be taken into account when the in vivo behavior is predicted. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments were found to be in agreement and showed the highest solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of the freeze-dried complexes of thiadiazole with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. These complexes can be proposed as more effective dosage forms for oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Promzeleva
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - Tatyana Volkova
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
| | - Alexey Proshin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Oleg Siluykov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo 153045, Russia.,St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Anton Mazur
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Peter Tolstoy
- St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Sergey Ivanov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450054, Russia
| | - Felix Kamilov
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa 450076, Russia
| | - Irina Terekhova
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivanovo 153045, Russia
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26
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Larsen A, Holm R, Müllertz A. Solution or suspension – Does it matter for lipid based systems? In vivo studies of chase dosing lipid vehicles with aqueous suspensions of a poorly soluble drug. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:308-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Kashapov RR, Mamedov VA, Zhukova NA, Kadirov MK, Nizameev IR, Zakharova LY, Sinyashin OG. Controlling the binding of hydrophobic drugs with supramolecular assemblies of β-cyclodextrin. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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Evaluating the predictability of the in vitro transfer model and in vivo rat studies as a surrogate to investigate the supersaturation and precipitation behaviour of different Albendazole formulations for humans. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 105:108-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Fine-Shamir N, Beig A, Zur M, Lindley D, Miller JM, Dahan A. Toward Successful Cyclodextrin Based Solubility-Enabling Formulations for Oral Delivery of Lipophilic Drugs: Solubility–Permeability Trade-Off, Biorelevant Dissolution, and the Unstirred Water Layer. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2138-2146. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noa Fine-Shamir
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Avital Beig
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Moran Zur
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - David Lindley
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | | | - Arik Dahan
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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30
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Berben P, Mols R, Brouwers J, Tack J, Augustijns P. Gastrointestinal behavior of itraconazole in humans - Part 2: The effect of intraluminal dilution on the performance of a cyclodextrin-based solution. Int J Pharm 2017; 526:235-243. [PMID: 28450167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) is known to enable absorption of the lipophilic drug itraconazole. Since the interaction between HP-β-CD and itraconazole is characterized by a non-lineair, AP-type phase-solubility diagram, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of intraluminal dilution (water intake) on the behavior and performance of an orally administered cyclodextrin-based solution of itraconazole. Subsequently, the in vivo behavior was simulated by combining in vitro dilution with permeation assessment. After the administration of a Sporanox® solution to healthy volunteers with or without a glass of water, gastrointestinal and systemic concentrations of itraconazole were simultaneously monitored. Independently of the intake of water, no gastric precipitation of itraconazole was observed. After transfer to the duodenum, precipitation occurred and was more pronounced in the condition with water, resulting in a 7.6-fold reduction in duodenal AUC0-3h compared to the condition without water. Nevertheless, plasma concentration-time profiles did not demonstrate any significant differences in AUC0-8h, Cmax and tmax. Application of freshly aspirated intestinal fluids on Caco-2 cells clearly confirmed that higher intestinal itraconazole concentrations after intake of Sporanox® without water do not generate a substantially increased itraconazole uptake. A two-stage in vitro dilution test was combined with a permeation compartment to capture this solubility-permeability interplay. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that variations in intraluminal dilution may have a drastic impact on the gastrointestinal behavior of lipophilic drugs in the presence of cyclodextrins. In the case of an AP-type interaction with cyclodextrins, the trade-off between solubility and permeability may be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Berben
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49 - Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raf Mols
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49 - Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joachim Brouwers
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49 - Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tack
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Gasthuisberg O&N II, Herestraat 49 - Box 921, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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31
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Olesen NE, Westh P, Holm R. A heuristic model to quantify the impact of excess cyclodextrin on oral drug absorption from aqueous solution. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 102:142-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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