1
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Lan Z, Fletcher A, Bender EC, Huang W, Suggs LJ, Cosgriff-Hernandez E. Hydrogel foam dressings with angiogenic and immunomodulatory factors from mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1388-1398. [PMID: 38270241 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy and skin substitutes address the stalled healing of chronic wounds in order to promote wound closure; however, the high cost and regulatory hurdles of these treatments limit patient access. A low-cost method to induce bioactive healing has the potential to substantially improve patient care and prevent wound-induced limb loss. A previous study reported that bioactive factors derived from apoptotic-like mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demonstrated anti-inflammatory and proangiogenic effects and improved ischemic muscle regeneration. In this work, these MSC-derived bioactive factors were loaded into a hydrogel foam to harness immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties from MSC components to facilitate chronic wound healing without the high cost and translational challenges of cell therapies. After incorporation of bioactive factors, the hydrogel foam retained high absorbency, moisture retention, and target water vapor transmission rate. High loading efficiency was confirmed and release studies indicated that over 90% of loaded factors were released within 24 h. Ethylene oxide sterilization and 4-week storage did not affect the bioactive factor release profile or physical properties of the hydrogel foam dressing. Bioactivity retention of the released factors was also confirmed for as-sterilized, 4°C-stored, and -20°C-stored bioactive hydrogel foams as determined by relevant gene expression levels in treated pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages. These results support the use of the bioactive dressings as an off-the-shelf product. Overall, this work reports a new method to achieve a first-line wound dressing with the potential to reduce persistent inflammation and promote angiogenesis in chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Lan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Alan Fletcher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Bender
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Wenbai Huang
- School of Physical Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laura J Suggs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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2
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Somadder R, Faraj L, Datta S, Kanapathipillai M, Ghosh G. Effect of extracellular matrices on production and potency of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300474. [PMID: 38403471 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived exosomes have emerged as potential acellular therapeutics for various tissue regenerative applications. However, successful clinical translation of exosome-based therapy is limited by lack of a structured production platform. Thus, in this study, the effect of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) was assessed on the production and potency of exosomes secreted by bone marrow-derived human MSCs. The results indicate that there was a ∼2-fold increase in MSC-exosome production when MSCs were cultured on dECM compared to TCP. Further, our study revealed that dECM generation induced by ascorbic acid (AA) up to 100 µg mL-1 highly increased exosome yield thereby indicating a potential scale up method for MSC exosome production. The bioactivity of exosomes was investigated by their ability to improve the healing of wounded human skin explants. Wound closure was enhanced in the presence of exosomes isolated from MSCs cultured on ascorbic acid-induced dECM compared to TCP generated MSC-exosomes. In summary, this study suggests a promising solution to a major bottleneck in large-scale production of MSC exosomes for cell-free therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rittika Somadder
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Lina Faraj
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Saurav Datta
- Amgen Bioprocessing Center, Henry E. Riggs School of Applied Life Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California, USA
| | - Mathumai Kanapathipillai
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Gargi Ghosh
- Bioengineering Program, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
- Amgen Bioprocessing Center, Henry E. Riggs School of Applied Life Sciences, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California, USA
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3
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Giovannelli L, Bari E, Jommi C, Tartara F, Armocida D, Garbossa D, Cofano F, Torre ML, Segale L. Mesenchymal stem cell secretome and extracellular vesicles for neurodegenerative diseases: Risk-benefit profile and next steps for the market access. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:16-35. [PMID: 37456581 PMCID: PMC10338239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a growing burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promise as a potential therapy due to their neuroregenerative, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties, which are, however, linked to the bioactive substances they release, collectively known as secretome. This paper provides an overview of the most recent research on the safety and efficacy of MSC-derived secretome and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in clinical (if available) and preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, acute ischemic stroke, and spinal cord injury. The article explores the biologically active substances within MSC-secretome/EVs, the mechanisms responsible for the observed therapeutic effects, and the strategies that may be used to optimize MSC-secretome/EVs production based on specific therapeutic needs. The review concludes with a critical discussion of current clinical trials and a perspective on potential future directions in translating MSC-secretome and EVs into the clinic, specifically regarding how to address the challenges associated with their pharmaceutical manufacturing, including scalability, batch-to-batch consistency, adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) guidelines, formulation, and storage, along with quality controls, access to the market and relative costs, value for money and impact on total expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Giovannelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Elia Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Jommi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Armocida
- A.U.O, Policlinico Umberto I, Neurosurgery Division, Human Neurosciences Department, Sapienza University, 00135, Roma, Italy
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Cofano
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
- PharmaExceed S.r.l, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorena Segale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100, Novara, Italy
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4
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Umar AK. Stem Cell's Secretome Delivery Systems. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:244-258. [PMID: 37342369 PMCID: PMC10278206 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells' secretome contains biomolecules that are ready to give therapeutic activities. However, the biomolecules should not be administered directly because of their in vivo instability. They can be degraded by enzymes or seep into other tissues. There have been some advancements in localized and stabilized secretome delivery systems, which have increased their effectiveness. Fibrous, in situ, or viscoelastic hydrogel, sponge-scaffold, bead powder/ suspension, and bio-mimetic coating can maintain secretome retention in the target tissue and prolong the therapy by sustained release. Porosity, young's modulus, surface charge, interfacial interaction, particle size, adhesiveness, water absorption ability, in situ gel/film, and viscoelasticity of the preparation significantly affect the quality, quantity, and efficacy of the secretome. Therefore, the dosage forms, base materials, and characteristics of each system need to be examined to develop a more optimal secretome delivery system. This article discusses the clinical obstacles and potential solutions for secretome delivery, characterization of delivery systems, and devices used or potentially used in secretome delivery for therapeutic applications. This article concludes that secretome delivery for various organ therapies necessitates the use of different delivery systems and bases. Coating, muco-, and cell-adhesive systems are required for systemic delivery and to prevent metabolism. The lyophilized form is required for inhalational delivery, and the lipophilic system can deliver secretomes across the blood-brain barrier. Nano-sized encapsulation and surface-modified systems can deliver secretome to the liver and kidney. These dosage forms can be administered using devices such as a sprayer, eye drop, inhaler, syringe, and implant to improve their efficacy through dosing, direct delivery to target tissues, preserving stability and sterility, and reducing the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd. Kakhar Umar
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
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5
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Shanbhag S, Kampleitner C, Al-Sharabi N, Mohamed-Ahmed S, Apaza Alccayhuaman KA, Heimel P, Tangl S, Beinlich A, Rana N, Sanz M, Kristoffersen EK, Mustafa K, Gruber R. Functionalizing Collagen Membranes with MSC-Conditioned Media Promotes Guided Bone Regeneration in Rat Calvarial Defects. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050767. [PMID: 36899904 PMCID: PMC10001262 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Functionalizing biomaterials with conditioned media (CM) from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) is a promising strategy for enhancing the outcomes of guided bone regeneration (GBR). This study aimed to evaluate the bone regenerative potential of collagen membranes (MEM) functionalized with CM from human bone marrow MSC (MEM-CM) in critical size rat calvarial defects. MEM-CM prepared via soaking (CM-SOAK) or soaking followed by lyophilization (CM-LYO) were applied to critical size rat calvarial defects. Control treatments included native MEM, MEM with rat MSC (CEL) and no treatment. New bone formation was analyzed via micro-CT (2 and 4 weeks) and histology (4 weeks). Greater radiographic new bone formation occurred at 2 weeks in the CM-LYO group vs. all other groups. After 4 weeks, only the CM-LYO group was superior to the untreated control group, whereas the CM-SOAK, CEL and native MEM groups were similar. Histologically, the regenerated tissues showed a combination of regular new bone and hybrid new bone, which formed within the membrane compartment and was characterized by the incorporation of mineralized MEM fibers. Areas of new bone formation and MEM mineralization were greatest in the CM-LYO group. Proteomic analysis of lyophilized CM revealed the enrichment of several proteins and biological processes related to bone formation. In summary, lyophilized MEM-CM enhanced new bone formation in rat calvarial defects, thus representing a novel 'off-the-shelf' strategy for GBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Shanbhag
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (R.G.); Tel.: +47-55586059 (S.S.); +43-(0)69910718472 (R.G.)
| | - Carina Kampleitner
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Niyaz Al-Sharabi
- Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Samih Mohamed-Ahmed
- Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Patrick Heimel
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Tangl
- Karl Donath Laboratory for Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Beinlich
- Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Neha Rana
- Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP Research Group, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Einar K. Kristoffersen
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Center for Translational Oral Research (TOR), Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (R.G.); Tel.: +47-55586059 (S.S.); +43-(0)69910718472 (R.G.)
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6
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Bari E, Di Gravina GM, Scocozza F, Perteghella S, Frongia B, Tengattini S, Segale L, Torre ML, Conti M. Silk Fibroin Bioink for 3D Printing in Tissue Regeneration: Controlled Release of MSC extracellular Vesicles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020383. [PMID: 36839705 PMCID: PMC9959026 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels are often employed as bioink for three-dimensional (3D) scaffold bioprinting. They offer a suitable environment for cell proliferation and differentiation during tissue regeneration and also control the release of growth factors and mesenchymal stem cell secretome, which is useful for scaffold biointegration. However, such hydrogels show poor mechanical properties, fast-release kinetics, and low biological performance, hampering their successful clinical application. In this work, silk fibroin (SF), a protein with excellent biomechanical properties frequently used for controlled drug release, was blended with SA to obtain improved bioink and scaffold properties. Firstly, we produced a printable SA solution containing SF capable of the conformational change from Silk I (random coil) to Silk II (β-sheet): this transition is a fundamental condition to improve the scaffold's mechanical properties. Then, the SA-SF blends' printability and shape fidelity were demonstrated, and mechanical characterization of the printed hydrogels was performed: SF significantly increased compressive elastic modulus, while no influence on tensile response was detected. Finally, the release profile of Lyosecretome-a freeze-dried formulation of MSC-secretome containing extracellular vesicles (EV)-from scaffolds was determined: SF not only dramatically slowed the EV release rate, but also modified the kinetics and mechanism release with respect to the baseline of SA hydrogel. Overall, these results lay the foundation for the development of SA-SF bioinks with modulable mechanical and EV-release properties, and their application in 3D scaffold printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Maria Di Gravina
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Franca Scocozza
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- PharmaExceed s.r.l., Piazza Castello 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Frongia
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Tengattini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorena Segale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
- PharmaExceed s.r.l., Piazza Castello 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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7
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Bari E, Ferrera F, Altosole T, Perteghella S, Mauri P, Rossi R, Passignani G, Mastracci L, Galati M, Astone GI, Mastrogiacomo M, Castagnola P, Fenoglio D, Di Silvestre D, Torre ML, Filaci G. Trojan-horse silk fibroin nanocarriers loaded with a re-call antigen to redirect immunity against cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005916. [PMID: 36697251 PMCID: PMC9950976 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current challenge for immunotherapies is to generate effective antitumor immunity. Since tumor immune escape mechanisms do not impact pre-existing and consolidated immune responses, we tested the hypothesis of redirecting a pregenerated immunity to cancer: to recall a non-tumor antigen response against the tumor, silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNs) have been selected as 'Trojan-horse' carriers, promoting the antigen uptake by the tumor cells. METHODS SFNs have been loaded with either ovalbumin (OVA) or CpG oligonucleotide (CpG) as antigen or adjuvant, respectively. In vitro uptake of SFNs by tumor (B16/F10 melanoma and MB49 bladder cancer) or dendritic cells, as well as the presence of OVA-specific T cells in splenic and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, were assessed by cytometric analyses. Proof-of-concept of in vivo efficacy was achieved in an OVA-hyperimmune B16/F10 murine melanoma model: SFNs-OVA or SFNs-CpG were injected, separately or in association, into the subcutaneous peritumoral area. Cancer dimensions/survival time were monitored, while, at the molecular level, system biology approaches based on graph theory and experimental proteomic data were performed. RESULTS SFNs were efficiently in vitro uptaken by cancer and dendritic cells. In vivo peritumor administration of SFNs-OVA redirected OVA-specific cytotoxic T cells intratumorally. Proteomics and systems biology showed that peritumoral treatment with either SFNs-OVA or SFNs-CpG dramatically modified tumor microenvironment with respect to the control (CTR), mainly involving functional modules and hubs related to angiogenesis, inflammatory mediators, immune function, T complex and serpins expression, redox homeostasis, and energetic metabolism. Both SFNs-OVA and SFNs-CpG significantly delayed melanoma growth/survival time, and their effect was additive. CONCLUSIONS Both SFNs-OVA and SFNs-CpG induce effective anticancer response through complementary mechanisms and show the efficacy of an innovative active immunotherapy approach based on the redirection of pre-existing immunity against cancer cells. This approach could be universally applied for solid cancer treatments if translated into the clinic using re-call antigens of childhood vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferrera
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Tiziana Altosole
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Lombardia, Italy,PharmaExceed S.r.l, Pavia, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB CNR, Segrate, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Rossana Rossi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB CNR, Segrate, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Giulia Passignani
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB CNR, Segrate, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Liguria, Italy,Department of Surgical and Integrated Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Martina Galati
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iliana Astone
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Patrizio Castagnola
- Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Daniela Fenoglio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy,Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, ITB CNR, Segrate, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Piemonte, Italy,PharmaExceed S.r.l, Pavia, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Liguria, Italy .,Biotherapy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Liguria, Italy
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8
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Zhao H, Li Z, Wang Y, Zhou K, Li H, Bi S, Wang Y, Wu W, Huang Y, Peng B, Tang J, Pan B, Wang B, Chen Z, Zhang Z. Bioengineered MSC-derived exosomes in skin wound repair and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1029671. [PMID: 36923255 PMCID: PMC10009159 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1029671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory skin defects such as pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers, and vascular ulcers represent a challenge for clinicians and researchers in many aspects. The treatment strategies for wound healing have high cost and limited efficacy. To ease the financial and psychological burden on patients, a more effective therapeutic approach is needed to address the chronic wound. MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes), the main bioactive extracellular vesicles of the paracrine effect of MSCs, have been proposed as a new potential cell-free approach for wound healing and skin regeneration. The benefits of MSC-exosomes include their ability to promote angiogenesis and cell proliferation, increase collagen production, regulate inflammation, and finally improve tissue regenerative capacity. However, poor targeting and easy removability of MSC-exosomes from the wound are major obstacles to their use in clinical therapy. Thus, the concept of bioengineering technology has been introduced to modify exosomes, enabling higher concentrations and construction of particles of greater stability with specific therapeutic capability. The use of biomaterials to load MSC-exosomes may be a promising strategy to concentrate dose, create the desired therapeutic efficacy, and maintain a sustained release effect. The beneficial role of MSC-exosomes in wound healing is been widely accepted; however, the potential of bioengineering-modified MSC-exosomes remains unclear. In this review, we attempt to summarize the therapeutic applications of modified MSC-exosomes in wound healing and skin regeneration. The challenges and prospects of bioengineered MSC-exosomes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxing Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hairui Li
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siwei Bi
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yeqian Huang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyun Wang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Cárdenas-León CG, Mäemets-Allas K, Klaas M, Lagus H, Kankuri E, Jaks V. Matricellular proteins in cutaneous wound healing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1073320. [PMID: 36506087 PMCID: PMC9730256 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1073320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is a complex process that encompasses alterations in all aspects of the skin including the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM consist of large structural proteins such as collagens and elastin as well as smaller proteins with mainly regulative properties called matricellular proteins. Matricellular proteins bind to structural proteins and their functions include but are not limited to interaction with cell surface receptors, cytokines, or protease and evoking a cellular response. The signaling initiated by matricellular proteins modulates differentiation and proliferation of cells having an impact on the tissue regeneration. In this review we give an overview of the matricellular proteins that have been found to be involved in cutaneous wound healing and summarize the information known to date about their functions in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristina Mäemets-Allas
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mariliis Klaas
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Heli Lagus
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Wound Healing Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Viljar Jaks
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia,Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Clinics, Tartu, Estonia,*Correspondence: Viljar Jaks,
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10
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Croce S, Cobianchi L, Zoro T, Dal Mas F, Icaro Cornaglia A, Lenta E, Acquafredda G, De Silvestri A, Avanzini MA, Visai L, Brambilla S, Bruni G, Gravina GD, Pietrabissa A, Ansaloni L, Peloso A. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell on Liver Decellularised Extracellular Matrix for Tissue Engineering. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112817. [PMID: 36359336 PMCID: PMC9687774 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In end-stage chronic liver disease, transplantation represents the only curative option. However, the shortage of donors results in the death of many patients. To overcome this gap, it is mandatory to develop new therapeutic options. In the present study, we decellularised pig livers and reseeded them with allogeneic porcine mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSCs) to understand whether extracellular matrix (ECM) can influence and/or promote differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs). Methods: After decellularisation with SDS, the integrity of ECM-scaffolds was examined by histological staining, immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscope. DNA quantification was used to assess decellularisation. pMSCs were plated on scaffolds by static seeding and maintained in in vitro culture for 21 days. At 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, seeded ECM scaffolds were evaluated for cellular adhesion and growth. Moreover, the expression of specific hepatic genes was performed by RT-PCR. Results: The applied decellularisation/recellularisation protocol was effective. The number of seeded pMSCs increased over the culture time points. Gene expression analysis of seeded pMSCs displayed a weak induction due to ECM towards HLCs. Conclusions: These results suggest that ECM may address pMSCs to differentiate in hepatocyte-like cells. However, only contact with liver-ECM is not enough to induce complete differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Croce
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of General Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cobianchi
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of General Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Tamara Zoro
- Department of General Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Dal Mas
- Department of Management, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30100 Venice, Italy
| | - Antonia Icaro Cornaglia
- Histology & Embryology Unit, Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine & Forensic, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Lenta
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Gloria Acquafredda
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Annalisa De Silvestri
- Biometry & Clinical Epidemiology, Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Livia Visai
- Center for Health Technologies (CHT), Department of Molecular Medicine, INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medicina Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Via S. Boezio 28, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Szandra Brambilla
- Center for Health Technologies (CHT), Department of Molecular Medicine, INSTM UdR of Pavia, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/b, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- CSGI Department of Physical Chemistry M Rolla, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Gravina
- Department of Industrial and Information Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pietrabissa
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of General Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- Department of General Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Peloso
- Hepatology and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Divisions of Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (A.P.)
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11
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Formulation of secretome derived from mesenchymal stem cells for inflammatory skin diseases. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-022-00599-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Vdovenko D, Balbi C, Di Silvestre D, Passignani G, Puspitasari YM, Zarak-Crnkovic M, Mauri P, Camici GG, Lüscher TF, Eriksson U, Vassalli G. Microvesicles released from activated CD4 + T cells alter microvascular endothelial cell function. Eur J Clin Invest 2022; 52:e13769. [PMID: 35316536 PMCID: PMC9287044 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microvesicles are vesicles shed by plasma membranes following cell activation and apoptosis. The role of lymphocyte-derived microvesicles in endothelial function remains poorly understood. METHODS CD4+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood of healthy human donors were stimulated using anti-CD3/anti-CD28-coated beads. Proteomic profiling of microvesicles was performed using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) from activated T cells (MV.Act) and nonactivated T cells (MV.NAct). In addition, data processing analysis was performed using MaxQUANT workflow. Differentially expressed proteins found in MV.Act or MV.NAct samples with identification frequency = 100%, which were selected by both LDA (p < .01) and MaxQUANT (p < .01) workflows, were defined as "high-confidence" differentially expressed proteins. Functional effects of MV.Act on human primary microvascular endothelial cells were analysed. RESULTS T cells released large amounts of microvesicles upon stimulation. Proteomic profiling of microvesicles using LDA identified 2279 proteins (n = 2110 and n = 851 proteins in MV.Act and MV.NAct, respectively). Protein-protein interaction network models reconstructed from both differentially expressed proteins (n = 594; LDA p ≤ .01) and "high-confidence" differentially expressed proteins (n = 98; p ≤ .01) revealed that MV.Act were enriched with proteins related to immune responses, protein translation, cytoskeleton organisation and TNFα-induced apoptosis. For instance, MV.Act were highly enriched with IFN-γ, a key proinflammatory pathway related to effector CD4+ T cells. Endothelial cell incubation with MV.Act induced superoxide generation, apoptosis, endothelial wound healing impairment and endothelial monolayer barrier disruption. CONCLUSIONS T cell receptor-mediated activation of CD4+ T cells stimulates the release of microvesicles enriched with proteins involved in immune responses, inflammation and apoptosis. T cell-derived microvesicles alter microvascular endothelial function and barrier permeability, potentially promoting tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Vdovenko
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Balbi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland.,Laboratories for Translational Research-EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Urs Eriksson
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, GZO - Zurich Regional Health Center, Wetzikon, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Vassalli
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Cardiology, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino-EOC, Lugano, Switzerland.,Laboratories for Translational Research-EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
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13
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Mastrogiacomo M, Nardini M, Collina MC, Di Campli C, Filaci G, Cancedda R, Odorisio T. Innovative Cell and Platelet Rich Plasma Therapies for Diabetic Foot Ulcer Treatment: The Allogeneic Approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:869408. [PMID: 35586557 PMCID: PMC9108368 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.869408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous chronic wounds are a major global health burden in continuous growth, because of population aging and the higher incidence of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. Different treatments have been proposed: biological, surgical, and physical. However, most of these treatments are palliative and none of them can be considered fully satisfactory. During a spontaneous wound healing, endogenous regeneration mechanisms and resident cell activity are triggered by the released platelet content. Activated stem and progenitor cells are key factors for ulcer healing, and they can be either recruited to the wound site from the tissue itself (resident cells) or from elsewhere. Transplant of skin substitutes, and of stem cells derived from tissues such as bone marrow or adipose tissue, together with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments have been proposed as therapeutic options, and they represent the today most promising tools to promote ulcer healing in diabetes. Although stem cells can directly participate to skin repair, they primarily contribute to the tissue remodeling by releasing biomolecules and microvesicles able to stimulate the endogenous regeneration mechanisms. Stem cells and PRP can be obtained from patients as autologous preparations. However, in the diabetic condition, poor cell number, reduced cell activity or impaired PRP efficacy may limit their use. Administration of allogeneic preparations from healthy and/or younger donors is regarded with increasing interest to overcome such limitation. This review summarizes the results obtained when these innovative treatments were adopted in preclinical animal models of diabetes and in diabetic patients, with a focus on allogeneic preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maddalena Mastrogiacomo,
| | - Marta Nardini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Collina
- Unità Operativa Semplice Piede Diabetico e Ulcere Cutanee, IDI-IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Di Campli
- Unità Operativa Semplice Piede Diabetico e Ulcere Cutanee, IDI-IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Gilberto Filaci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DIMI), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Ranieri Cancedda
- Emeritus Professor, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Teresa Odorisio
- Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare e Cellulare, IDI-IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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14
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Erratico S, Belicchi M, Meregalli M, Di Silvestre D, Tripodi L, De Palma A, Jones R, Ferrari E, Porretti L, Trombetta E, Merlo GR, Mauri P, Torrente Y. Effective high-throughput isolation of enriched platelets and circulating pro-angiogenic cells to accelerate skin-wound healing. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:259. [PMID: 35474498 PMCID: PMC9042989 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing and chronic skin lesions represent a major health problem. Over the past years, growth factors mediated by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and cell-based therapies were developed as effective and affordable treatment able to improve wound healing capacity. We have advanced existing concepts to develop a highly efficient high-throughput protocol with proven application for the isolation of PRP and pro-angiogenic cells (AngioPRP). This protocol outlines the effectiveness of AngioPRP in promoting the critical healing process including wound closure, re-epithelialization, granulation tissue growth, and blood vessel regeneration. We coupled this effect with normalization of mechanical properties of rescued mouse wounds, which is sustained by a correct arrangement of elastin and collagen fibers. Proteomic analysis of treated wounds demonstrated a fingerprint of AngioPRP based on the up-regulation of detoxification pathway of glutathione metabolism, correlated to a decrease in inflammatory response. Overall, these results have enabled us to provide a framework for how AngioPRP supports wound healing, opening avenues for further clinical advances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzia Belicchi
- Unit of Neurology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirella Meregalli
- Unit of Neurology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Luana Tripodi
- Novystem Spa, viale Piave 21, 20129, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Neurology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca Jones
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuele Ferrari
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Porretti
- Flow Cytometry Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Trombetta
- Flow Cytometry Service, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio R Merlo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Science, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, Segrate, 20090, Milan, Italy
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Unit of Neurology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Centro Dino Ferrari, via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
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15
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Xiao Y. Commentary: Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis Based on Public Databases Identified That TNC Is a Novel Biomarker for Keloid. Front Immunol 2022; 13:868685. [PMID: 35444665 PMCID: PMC9013962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.868685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Bone Cell Exosomes and Emerging Strategies in Bone Engineering. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040767. [PMID: 35453517 PMCID: PMC9033129 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue remodeling is a highly regulated process balancing bone formation and resorption through complex cellular crosstalk between resident bone and microenvironment cells. This cellular communication is mediated by direct cell and cell–matrix contact, autocrine, endocrine, and paracrine receptor mediated mechanisms such as local soluble signaling molecules and extracellular vesicles including nanometer sized exosomes. An impairment in this balanced process leads to development of pathological conditions. Bone tissue engineering is an emerging interdisciplinary field with potential to address bone defects and disorders by synthesizing three-dimensional bone substitutes embedded with cells for clinical implantation. However, current cell-based therapeutic approaches have faced hurdles due to safety and ethical concerns, challenging their clinical translation. Recent studies on exosome-regulated bone homeostasis and regeneration have gained interest as prospective cell free therapy in conjugation with tissue engineered bone grafts. However, exosome research is still in its nascent stages of bone tissue engineering. In this review, we specifically describe the role of exosomes secreted by cells within bone microenvironment such as osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, mesenchymal stem cell cells, immune cells, endothelial cells, and even tumor cells during bone homeostasis and crosstalk. We also review exosome-based osteoinductive functionalization strategies for various bone-based biomaterials such as ceramics, polymers, and metals in bone tissue engineering. We further highlight biomaterials as carrier agents for exosome delivery to bone defect sites and, finally, the influence of various biomaterials in modulation of cell exosome secretome.
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17
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Antimicrobial and Regenerative Effects of Placental Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome-Based Chitosan Gel on Infected Burns in Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121263. [PMID: 34959663 PMCID: PMC8707738 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There is a need for better strategies to promote burn wound healing and prevent infection. The aim of our study was to develop an easy-to-use placental multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell (MMSC) secretome-based chitosan hydrogel (MSC-Ch-gel) and estimate its antimicrobial and regenerative activity in Staphylococcus aureus-infected burn wounds in rats. Methods: Proteomic studies of the MMSC secretome revealed proteins involved in regeneration, angiogenesis, and defence responses. The MMSC secretome was collected from cultured cells and mixed with water-soluble chitosan to prepare the placental MSC-Ch-gel, which was stored in liquid phase at 4 °C. The wounds of rats with established II-IIIa-degree burns were then infected with S. aureus and externally covered with the MSC-Ch-gel. Three additional rat groups were treated with medical Vaseline oil, the antiseptic drug Miramistin®, or the drug Bepanthen® Plus. Skin wound samples were collected 4 and 8 days after burning for further microbiological and histological analysis. Blood samples were also collected for biochemical analysis. Results: Application of the MSC-Ch-gel cleared the wound of microorganisms (S. aureus wasn’t detected in the washings from the burned areas), decreased inflammation, enhanced re-epithelialisation, and promoted the formation of well-vascularised granulation tissue. Conclusions: MSC-Ch-gel effectively promotes infected wound healing in rats with third-degree burns. Gel preparation can be easily implemented into clinical practice.
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18
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Hiew SH, Wang JK, Koh K, Yang H, Bacha A, Lin J, Yip YS, Vos MIG, Chen L, Sobota RM, Tan NS, Tay CY, Miserez A. Bioinspired short peptide hydrogel for versatile encapsulation and controlled release of growth factor therapeutics. Acta Biomater 2021; 136:111-123. [PMID: 34551327 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A short bioinspired octapeptide, GV8, can self-assemble under mild conditions into biodegradable supramolecular physical hydrogels with high storage modulus and good biocompatibility. GV8 hydrogels can encapsulate both single or multiple macromolecular protein-based therapeutics in a simple one-pot formulation manner, making it a promising candidate to address challenges faced by existing synthetic polymer or peptide hydrogels with complex gelation and drug-encapsulation processes. Alongside its versatility, the hydrogel exhibits concentration-dependent storage modulus and controlled drug-release action. We demonstrate that GV8 hydrogels loaded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) secretome remain mechanically robust, and exhibit promising potential for wound healing applications by preserving secretome activity while maintaining a constant supply of ADMSC secretome to promote epithelial cell migration. Overall, our work highlights the potential of GV8 peptide hydrogel as a versatile and safe carrier for encapsulation and delivery of macromolecular therapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Supramolecular peptide hydrogels are a popular choice for protein-based macromolecular therapeutics delivery; however, despite the development of abundant hydrogel systems, several challenges limit their adaptability and practical applications. GV8 short peptide hydrogel circumvents these drawbacks and demonstrates the ability to function as a versatile growth factor (GF) encapsulant. It can encapsulate precise concentrations of complex adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secretome mixtures with a one-pot formulation approach and perform controlled release of GFs with preserved activity without compromising the self-assembly and mechanical properties of the hydrogel's supramolecular network. The significance of GV8 hydrogel lies in its gelation simplicity and versatility to encapsulate and deliver macromolecular therapeutics, thus representing a promising biomaterial for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hui Hiew
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798.
| | - Jun Kit Wang
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Kenrick Koh
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798; NTU Institute for Health Technologies, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637335
| | - Haibo Yang
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Abbas Bacha
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Junquan Lin
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Yun Sheng Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232
| | | | - Liyan Chen
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, SingMass National Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, 138673
| | - Radoslaw M Sobota
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, SingMass National Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, 138673; Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Singapore, 138671
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551; Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Singapore, 637141.
| | - Ali Miserez
- Center for Sustainable Materials (SusMat), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551.
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19
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Canine Mesenchymal Cell Lyosecretome Production and Safety Evaluation after Allogenic Intraarticular Injection in Osteoarthritic Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113271. [PMID: 34828003 PMCID: PMC8614457 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown promise as a therapy in treating musculoskeletal diseases, and it is currently believed that their therapeutic effect is mainly related to the release of proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs), known as secretome. In this work, three batches of canine MSC-secretome were prepared by standardized processes according to the current standard ISO9001 and formulated as a freeze-dried powder named Lyosecretome. The final products were characterized in protein and lipid content, EV size distribution and tested to ensure the microbiological safety required for intraarticular injection. Lyosecretome induced the proliferation of adipose tissue-derived canine MSCs, tenocytes, and chondrocytes in a dose-dependent manner and showed anti-elastase activity, reaching 85% of inhibitory activity at a 20 mg/mL concentration. Finally, to evaluate the safety of the preparation, three patients affected by bilateral knee or elbow osteoarthritis were treated with two intra-articular injections (t = 0 and t = 40 days) of the allogeneic Lyosecretome (20 mg corresponding 2 × 106 cell equivalents) resuspended in hyaluronic acid in one joint and placebo (mannitol resuspended in hyaluronic acid) in the other joint. To establish the safety of the treatment, the follow-up included a questionnaire addressed to the owner and orthopaedic examinations to assess lameness grade, pain score, functional disability score and range of motion up to day 80 post-treatment. Overall, the collected data suggest that intra-articular injection of allogeneic Lyosecretome is safe and does not induce a clinically significant local or systemic adverse response.
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20
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Shen S, Chen X, Shen Z, Chen H. Marine Polysaccharides for Wound Dressings Application: An Overview. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1666. [PMID: 34683959 PMCID: PMC8541487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound dressings have become a crucial treatment for wound healing due to their convenience, low cost, and prolonged wound management. As cutting-edge biomaterials, marine polysaccharides are divided from most marine organisms. It possesses various bioactivities, which allowing them to be processed into various forms of wound dressings. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the application of marine polysaccharides in wound dressings is particularly important for the studies of wound therapy. In this review, we first introduce the wound healing process and describe the characteristics of modern commonly used dressings. Then, the properties of various marine polysaccharides and their application in wound dressing development are outlined. Finally, strategies for developing and enhancing marine polysaccharide wound dressings are described, and an outlook of these dressings is given. The diverse bioactivities of marine polysaccharides including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, haemostatic properties, etc., providing excellent wound management and accelerate wound healing. Meanwhile, these biomaterials have higher biocompatibility and biodegradability compared to synthetic ones. On the other hand, marine polysaccharides can be combined with copolymers and active substances to prepare various forms of dressings. Among them, emerging types of dressings such as nanofibers, smart hydrogels and injectable hydrogels are at the research frontier of their development. Therefore, marine polysaccharides are essential materials in wound dressings fabrication and have a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghai Shen
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; (S.S.); (X.C.)
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaowen Chen
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China; (S.S.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhewen Shen
- School of Humanities, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Hao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, NO. 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- Marine College, Shandong University, NO. 180 Wenhua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China
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21
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Damayanti RH, Rusdiana T, Wathoni N. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome for Dermatology Application: A Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2021; 14:1401-1412. [PMID: 34675575 PMCID: PMC8502696 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s331044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Secretome, also known as conditioned medium, is a secreted molecule from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that has a variety of biological activities that can be used in various therapies, especially on the skin applications. A lack of conventional therapies makes secretome as a promising alternative therapy. The presence of growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles including microvesicles and exosomes in secretome has been widely reported, which serves in improving the proliferation and migration of cells to help in skin regeneration. Therefore, we were able to optimize the use of this secretome in a well-needed special review related to its work in addressing various skin problems. So, in this article, we discussed the benefits and biological activity of secretome on the skin application. This review was compiled based on the approval of several sites, such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar with the terms "MSC secretome for skin," "secretome for skin," "secretome dermatology," "secretome conditioned medium for skin," "secretome conditioned medium for skin wound," "secretome conditioned medium for aging," "secretome conditioned medium for hair growth," and "secretome conditioned medium for psoriasis." A total of 215 articles were collected for selection, of which 90 articles were used. Based on the results, it was concluded that secretome has a variety of useful activities to regenerate and repair tissue damage that have not been used on the skin, such as for wound healing, photoprotection, promotion of hair growth, psoriasis treatment, and other application as antimicrobial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Restu Harisma Damayanti
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45353, Indonesia
| | - Taofik Rusdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45353, Indonesia
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45353, Indonesia
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22
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Ponzini E, Ami D, Duse A, Santambrogio C, De Palma A, Di Silvestre D, Mauri P, Pezzoli F, Natalello A, Tavazzi S, Grandori R. Single-Tear Proteomics: A Feasible Approach to Precision Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10750. [PMID: 34639092 PMCID: PMC8509675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacrimal fluid is an attractive source of noninvasive biomarkers, the main limitation being the small sample amounts typically collected. Advanced analytical methods to allow for proteomics profiling from a few microliters are needed to develop innovative biomarkers, with attractive perspectives of applications to precision medicine. This work describes an effective, analytical pipeline for single-tear analysis by ultrahigh-resolution, shotgun proteomics from 23 healthy human volunteers, leading to high-confidence identification of a total of 890 proteins. Highly reproducible quantification was achieved by either peak intensity, peak area, or spectral counting. Hierarchical clustering revealed a stratification of females vs. males that did not emerge from previous studies on pooled samples. Two subjects were monitored weekly over 3 weeks. The samples clustered by withdrawal time of day (morning vs. afternoon) but not by follow-up week, with elevated levels of components of the immune system in the morning samples. This study demonstrates feasibility of single-tear quantitative proteomics, envisaging contributions of this unconventional body fluid to individualized approaches in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ponzini
- Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (F.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Diletta Ami
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (D.A.); (C.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Alessandro Duse
- Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (F.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Carlo Santambrogio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (D.A.); (C.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Antonella De Palma
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (A.D.P.); (D.D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (A.D.P.); (D.D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Pierluigi Mauri
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090 Segrate, Italy; (A.D.P.); (D.D.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Fabio Pezzoli
- Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (F.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Antonino Natalello
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (D.A.); (C.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Silvia Tavazzi
- Materials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, 20125 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (F.P.); (S.T.)
| | - Rita Grandori
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; (D.A.); (C.S.); (A.N.)
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23
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Freeze-Dried Secretome (Lyosecretome) from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Promotes the Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive Properties of Titanium Cages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168445. [PMID: 34445150 PMCID: PMC8395097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium is one of the most frequently used materials in bone regeneration due to its good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, and great osteogenic performance. However, osseointegration with host tissue is often not definite, which may cause implant failure at times. The present study investigates the capacity of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secretome, formulated as a ready-to-use and freeze-dried medicinal product (the Lyosecretome), to promote the osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties of titanium cages. In vitro tests were conducted using adipose tissue-derived MSCs seeded on titanium cages with or without Lyosecretome. After 14 days, in the presence of Lyosecretome, significant cell proliferation improvement was observed. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the cytocompatibility of titanium cages: the seeded MSCs showed a spread morphology and an initial formation of filopodia. After 7 days, in the presence of Lyosecretome, more frequent and complex cellular processes forming bridges across the porous surface of the scaffold were revealed. Also, after 14 and 28 days of culturing in osteogenic medium, the amount of mineralized matrix detected by alizarin red was significantly higher when Lyosecretome was used. Finally, improved osteogenesis with Lyosecretome was confirmed by confocal analysis after 28 and 56 days of treatment, and demonstrating the production by osteoblast-differentiated MSCs of osteocalcin, a specific bone matrix protein.
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24
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Mocchi M, Bari E, Marrubini G, Bonda AF, Perteghella S, Tartara F, Cofano F, Perna GD, Giovannelli L, Mandracchia D, Sorlini M, Garbossa D, Torre ML, Segale L. Freeze-Dried Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secretome Pharmaceuticalization: Optimization of Formulation and Manufacturing Process Robustness. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13081129. [PMID: 34452088 PMCID: PMC8401234 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secretome for dose escalation studies and clinical practice requires scalable and good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant production procedures and formulation into a standardized medicinal product. Starting from a method that combines ultrafiltration and freeze-drying to transform MSC-secretome into a pharmaceutical product, the lyosecretome, this work aims to: (i) optimize the lyosecretome formulation; (ii) investigate sources of variability that can affect the robustness of the manufacturing process; (iii) modify the ultrafiltration step to obtain a more standardized final product. Design of experiments and principal component analysis of the data were used to study the influence of batch production, lyophilization, mannitol (M)/sucrose (S) binary mixture, selected as cryoprotectant excipients, and the total amount of excipients on the extracellular vesicles (EV) particle size, the protein and lipid content and the in vitro anti-elastase. The different excipients ratios did not affect residual moisture or EV particle size; simultaneously, proteins and lipids were better preserved in the freeze-dried product using the maximum total concentration of excipients (1.5% w/v) with a M:S ratio of about 60% w/w. The anti-elastase activity was instead better preserved using 0.5% w/w of M as excipient. The secretome batch showed to be the primary source of variability; therefore, the manufacturing process has been modified and then validated: the final product is now concentrated to reach a specific protein (and lipid) concentration instead of cell equivalent concentration. The new standardization approach led to a final product with more reproducible quali-quantitative composition and higher biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Mocchi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (E.B.); (G.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Elia Bari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (E.B.); (G.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Giorgio Marrubini
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (E.B.); (G.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Andrea Foglio Bonda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.F.B.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
- APTsol S.r.l., Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (E.B.); (G.M.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Tartara
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Mondino, Via Mondino 2, I-27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Fabio Cofano
- Neuroscience Department “Rita Levi Montalcini” Via Cherasco 15, I-10126 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (G.d.P.); (D.G.)
- Vertebral Surgery Unit, Humanitas Gradenigo, Corso Regina Margherita 8, I-10153 Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe di Perna
- Neuroscience Department “Rita Levi Montalcini” Via Cherasco 15, I-10126 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (G.d.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Lorella Giovannelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.F.B.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Delia Mandracchia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, I-25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Marzio Sorlini
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy;
- SUPSI-Department of Innovative Technologies, Lugano University Centre, Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, CH-6962 Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Neuroscience Department “Rita Levi Montalcini” Via Cherasco 15, I-10126 Torino, Italy; (F.C.); (G.d.P.); (D.G.)
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (E.B.); (G.M.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-987779
| | - Lorena Segale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy; (A.F.B.); (L.G.); (L.S.)
- APTsol S.r.l., Largo Guido Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy
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25
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Sears V, Danaoui Y, Ghosh G. Impact of mesenchymal stem cell-secretome-loaded hydrogel on proliferative and migratory activities of hyperglycemic fibroblasts. MATERIALS TODAY. COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 27:102285. [PMID: 33937466 PMCID: PMC8087264 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Disruption of the reparative process, often found in diabetic patients, results in chronic, non-healing wounds that significantly impact a patient's quality of life. This highlights the need of new therapeutic options to improve the healing of diabetic wounds. In this study, we focused on developing a cell-free hydrogel dressing loaded with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-conditioned media (CM) to potentially improve the healing of hard-to-heal wounds. We simulated a hyperglycemic environment by incubating human dermal fibroblasts in a high glucose environment (30 mM) and validated that MSC-CM rescued the impaired functions (proliferation and migration) of hyperglycemic fibroblasts. Further, we investigated the effect of loading MSC-CM in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hybrid hydrogels in improving the proliferative activity of glucose-treated fibroblasts. The controlled release of bioactive factors from MSC-CM loaded GelMA-PEGDA hydrogels promoted the metabolic activity of hyperglycemic fibroblasts. In addition, the growth rate of hyperglycemic fibroblasts was found to be similar to that of normal fibroblasts. Our observations, thus, suggest the potential application of cell-free, MSC-secretome-loaded hydrogel in the healing of diabetic or chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gargi Ghosh
- Corresponding Author: , Phone: 313-593-5013, Fax: 313-593-3851
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26
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Bari E, Ferrarotti I, Saracino L, Perteghella S, Torre ML, Richeldi L, Corsico AG. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis: A New Therapy to Treat the Long-Term Lung Sequelae? Cells 2021; 10:cells10051203. [PMID: 34068958 PMCID: PMC8155949 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, more than 100 million people worldwide have recovered from COVID-19. Unfortunately, although the virus is eradicated in such patients, fibrotic irreversible interstitial lung disease (pulmonary fibrosis, PF) is clinically evident. Given the vast numbers of individuals affected, it is urgent to design a strategy to prevent a second wave of late mortality associated with COVID-19 PF as a long-term consequence of such a devastating pandemic. Available antifibrotic therapies, namely nintedanib and pirfenidone, might have a role in attenuating profibrotic pathways in SARS-CoV-2 infection but are not economically sustainable by national health systems and have critical adverse effects. It is our opinion that the mesenchymal stem cell secretome could offer a new therapeutic approach in treating COVID-19 fibrotic lungs through its anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Ilaria Ferrarotti
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Pneumology Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.F.); (A.G.C.)
| | - Laura Saracino
- Pneumology Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Complex Operative Unit of Pneumology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Center for Diagnosis of Inherited Alpha1-Antitrypsin Deficiency, Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Pneumology Unit IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (I.F.); (A.G.C.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
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27
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Bari E, Roato I, Perale G, Rossi F, Genova T, Mussano F, Ferracini R, Sorlini M, Torre ML, Perteghella S. Biohybrid Bovine Bone Matrix for Controlled Release of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Lyosecretome: A Device for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4064. [PMID: 33920046 PMCID: PMC8071018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SmartBone® (SB) is a biohybrid bone substitute advantageously proposed as a class III medical device for bone regeneration in reconstructive surgeries (oral, maxillofacial, orthopedic, and oncology). In the present study, a new strategy to improve SB osteoinductivity was developed. SB scaffolds were loaded with lyosecretome, a freeze-dried formulation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-secretome, containing proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Lyosecretome-loaded SB scaffolds (SBlyo) were prepared using an absorption method. A burst release of proteins and EVs (38% and 50% after 30 min, respectively) was observed, and then proteins were released more slowly with respect to EVs, most likely because they more strongly adsorbed onto the SB surface. In vitro tests were conducted using adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) plated on SB or SBlyo. After 14 days, significant cell proliferation improvement was observed on SBlyo with respect to SB, where cells filled the cavities between the native trabeculae. On SB, on the other hand, the process was still present, but tissue formation was less organized at 60 days. On both scaffolds, cells differentiated into osteoblasts and were able to mineralize after 60 days. Nonetheless, SBlyo showed a higher expression of osteoblast markers and a higher quantity of newly formed trabeculae than SB alone. The quantification analysis of the newly formed mineralized tissue and the immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SBlyo induces bone formation more effectively. This osteoinductive effect is likely due to the osteogenic factors present in the lyosecretome, such as fibronectin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A, and TGF-β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Ilaria Roato
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Torino, Via Nizza 230, I-10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Industrie Biomediche Insubri SA, Via Cantonale 67, CH-6805 Mezzovico-Vira, Switzerland;
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, University of Southern Switzerland (USI), Via G. Buffi 13, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, A-1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milano, Italy;
| | - Tullio Genova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, I-10123 Torino, Italy;
| | - Federico Mussano
- Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Torino, Via Nizza 230, I-10126 Torino, Italy; (I.R.); (F.M.)
| | - Riccardo Ferracini
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 6, I-16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Marzio Sorlini
- SUPSI—Department of Innovative Technologies, Lugano University Centre, Campus Est, Via la Santa 1, CH-6962 Viganello, Switzerland;
- PharmaExceed Srl, Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed Srl, Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, I-27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed Srl, Piazza Castello 19, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
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28
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Bari E, Scocozza F, Perteghella S, Sorlini M, Auricchio F, Torre ML, Conti M. 3D Bioprinted Scaffolds Containing Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Lyosecretome: Next Generation Controlled Release Device for Bone Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:515. [PMID: 33918073 PMCID: PMC8070453 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is a consolidated scaffold manufacturing technique for bone regenerative medicine. Simultaneously, the mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) secretome is osteoinductive, promoting scaffold colonization by cells, proliferation, and differentiation. The present paper combines 3D-printed PCL scaffolds with lyosecretome, a freeze-dried formulation of MSC secretome, containing proteins and extracellular vesicles (EVs). We designed a lyosecretome 3D-printed scaffold by two loading strategies: (i) MSC secretome adsorption on 3D-printed scaffold and (ii) coprinting of PCL with an alginate-based hydrogel containing MSC secretome (at two alginate concentrations, i.e., 6% or 10% w/v). A fast release of proteins and EVs (a burst of 75% after 30 min) was observed from scaffolds obtained by absorption loading, while coprinting of PCL and hydrogel, encapsulating lyosecretome, allowed a homogeneous loading of protein and EVs and a controlled slow release. For both loading modes, protein and EV release was governed by diffusion as revealed by the kinetic release study. The secretome's diffusion is influenced by alginate, its concentration, or its cross-linking modes with protamine due to the higher steric hindrance of the polymer chains. Moreover, it is possible to further slow down protein and EV release by changing the scaffold shape from parallelepiped to cylindrical. In conclusion, it is possible to control the release kinetics of proteins and EVs by changing the composition of the alginate hydrogel, the scaffold's shape, and hydrogel cross-linking. Such scaffold prototypes for bone regenerative medicine are now available for further testing of safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Bari
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
| | - Franca Scocozza
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- P4P S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Perteghella
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Marzio Sorlini
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- SUPSI—Department of Innovative Technologies, Lugano University Centre, 6962 Viganello, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinando Auricchio
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- P4P S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Torre
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.B.); (S.P.)
- PharmaExceed S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Michele Conti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.S.); (F.A.); (M.C.)
- P4P S.r.l., 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Murali VP, Holmes CA. Biomaterial-based extracellular vesicle delivery for therapeutic applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 124:88-107. [PMID: 33454381 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)- based therapies have been successfully tested in preclinical models for several biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, drug delivery and cancer therapy. However, EVs are most commonly delivered via local or systemic injection, which results in rapid clearance. In order to prolong the retention of EVs at target site and improve their therapeutic efficacy, biomaterial-based delivery systems are being investigated. This review discusses the various biomaterial-based systems that have been used to deliver EVs for therapeutic applications, specifically highlighting any strategies for controlled release. Further, challenges to clinical translation of biomaterial-based EV delivery systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Priya Murali
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Room A131, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
| | - Christina A Holmes
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Room A131, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
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30
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Massa M, Croce S, Campanelli R, Abbà C, Lenta E, Valsecchi C, Avanzini MA. Clinical Applications of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Potential of an Acellular Product. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10120999. [PMID: 33255416 PMCID: PMC7760121 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the secreting activity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) has been widely investigated, due to its possible therapeutic role. In fact, MSCs release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing relevant biomolecules such as mRNAs, microRNAs, bioactive lipids, and signaling receptors, able to restore physiological conditions where regenerative or anti-inflammatory actions are needed. An actual advantage would come from the therapeutic use of EVs with respect to MSCs, avoiding the possible immune rejection, the lung entrapment, improving the safety, and allowing the crossing of biological barriers. A number of concerns still have to be solved regarding the mechanisms determining the beneficial effect of MSC-EVs, the possible alteration of their properties as a consequence of the isolation/purification methods, and/or the best approach for a large-scale production for clinical use. Most of the preclinical studies have been successful, reporting for MSC-EVs a protecting role in acute kidney injury following ischemia reperfusion, a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects by reducing disease associated inflammation and fibrosis in lung and liver, and the modulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses in graft versus host disease (GVHD) as well as autoimmune diseases. However, the translation of MSC-EVs to the clinical stage is still at the initial phase. Herein, we discuss the therapeutic potential of an acellular product such as MSC derived EVs (MSC-EVs) in acute and chronic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Massa
- Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Stefania Croce
- General Surgery Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic & Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Rita Campanelli
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Carlotta Abbà
- Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostics Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Elisa Lenta
- Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Chiara Valsecchi
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Immunology and Transplantation Laboratory, Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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