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Khawaja G, El-Orfali Y, Shoujaa A, Abou Najem S. Galangin: A Promising Flavonoid for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis-Mechanisms, Evidence, and Therapeutic Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:963. [PMID: 39065811 PMCID: PMC11279697 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive joint inflammation and damage. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the onset and progression of RA, significantly contributing to the disease's symptoms. The complex nature of RA and the role of oxidative stress make it particularly challenging to treat effectively. This article presents a comprehensive review of RA's development, progression, and the emergence of novel treatments, introducing Galangin (GAL), a natural flavonoid compound sourced from various plants, as a promising candidate. The bioactive properties of GAL, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, are discussed in detail. The review elucidates GAL's mechanisms of action, focusing on its interactions with key targets such as inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6), enzymes (e.g., SOD, MMPs), and signaling pathways (e.g., NF-κB, MAPK), which impact inflammatory responses, immune cell activation, and joint damage. The review also addresses the lack of comprehensive understanding of potential treatment options for RA, particularly in relation to the role of GAL as a therapeutic candidate. It highlights the need for further research and clinical studies to ascertain the effectiveness of GAL in RA treatment and to elucidate its mechanisms of action. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of GAL as a therapeutic option for RA, shedding light on its multifaceted pharmacological properties and mechanisms of action, while suggesting avenues for future research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Youmna El-Orfali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Aya Shoujaa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon
| | - Sonia Abou Najem
- Health Sciences Division, Abu Dhabi Women’s College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 25026, United Arab Emirates;
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Gong S, Lang S, Wang Y, Li X, Tian A, Ma J, Ma X. pH-Responsive Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Naringin for Targeted Osteoclast Inhibition and Bone Regeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:6337-6358. [PMID: 38946884 PMCID: PMC11213539 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s456545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is well-established that osteoclast activity is significantly influenced by fluctuations in intracellular pH. Consequently, a pH-sensitive gated nano-drug delivery system represents a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate osteoclast overactivity. Our prior research indicated that naringin, a natural flavonoid, effectively mitigates osteoclast activity. However, naringin showed low oral availability and short half-life, which hinders its clinical application. We developed a drug delivery system wherein chitosan, as gatekeepers, coats mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with naringin (CS@MSNs-Naringin). However, the inhibitory effects of CS@MSNs-Naringin on osteoclasts and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, warranting further research. Methods First, we synthesized CS@MSNs-Naringin and conducted a comprehensive characterization. We also measured drug release rates in a pH gradient solution and verified its biosafety. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of CS@MSNs-Naringin on osteoclasts induced by bone marrow-derived macrophages, focusing on differentiation and bone resorption activity while exploring potential mechanisms. Finally, we established a rat model of bilateral critical-sized calvarial bone defects, in which CS@MSNs-Naringin was dispersed in GelMA hydrogel to achieve in situ drug delivery. We observed the ability of CS@MSNs-Naringin to promote bone regeneration and inhibit osteoclast activity in vivo. Results CS@MSNs-Naringin exhibited high uniformity and dispersity, low cytotoxicity (concentration≤120 μg/mL), and significant pH sensitivity. In vitro, compared to Naringin and MSNs-Naringin, CS@MSNs-Naringin more effectively inhibited the formation and bone resorption activity of osteoclasts. This effect was accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of key factors in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, increased apoptosis levels, and a subsequent reduction in the production of osteoclast-specific genes and proteins. In vivo, CS@MSNs-Naringin outperformed Naringin and MSNs-Naringin, promoting new bone formation while inhibiting osteoclast activity to a greater extent. Conclusion Our research suggested that CS@MSNs-Naringin exhibited the strikingly ability to anti-osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo, moreover promoted bone regeneration in the calvarial bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Gong
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University Huzhou Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Lang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University Huzhou Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiongfeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huzhou Central Hospital, Zhejiang University Huzhou Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aixian Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxiong Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinlong Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300050, People’s Republic of China
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Acito M, Varfaj I, Brighenti V, Cengiz EC, Rondini T, Fatigoni C, Russo C, Pietrella D, Pellati F, Bartolini D, Sardella R, Moretti M, Villarini M. A novel black poplar propolis extract with promising health-promoting properties: focus on its chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-genotoxic activities. Food Funct 2024; 15:4983-4999. [PMID: 38606532 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous mixture produced by honeybees which has been used since ancient times for its useful properties. However, its chemical composition and bioactivity may vary, depending on the geographical area of origin and the type of tree bees use for collecting pollen. In this context, this research aimed to investigate the total phenolic content (using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay) and the total antioxidant capacity (using the FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays) of three black poplar (Populus nigra L.) propolis (BPP) solutions (S1, S2, and S3), as well as the chemical composition (HPLC-ESI-MSn) and biological activities (effect on cell viability, genotoxic/antigenotoxic properties, and anti-inflammatory activity, and effect on ROS production) of the one which showed the highest antioxidant activity (S1). The hydroalcoholic BPP solution S1 was a prototype of an innovative, research-type product by an Italian nutraceutical manufacturer. In contrast, hydroalcoholic BPP solutions S2 and S3 were conventional products purchased from local pharmacy stores. For the three extracts, 50 phenolic compounds, encompassing phenolic acids and flavonoids, were identified. In summary, the results showed an interesting chemical profile and the remarkable antioxidant, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and ROS-modulating activities of the innovative BPP extract S1, paving the way for future research. In vivo investigations will be a possible line to take, which may help corroborate the hypothesis of the potential health benefits of this product, and even stimulate further ameliorations of the new prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ina Varfaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Virginia Brighenti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emine Ceren Cengiz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tommaso Rondini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Carla Russo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale S. Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Donatella Pietrella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale S. Gambuli 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Federica Pellati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Massimo Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Milena Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
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Serini S, Calviello G. Potential of Natural Phenolic Compounds against Doxorubicin-Induced Chemobrain: Biological and Molecular Mechanisms Involved. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:486. [PMID: 38671933 PMCID: PMC11047710 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment or "chemobrain" is a prevalent long-term complication of chemotherapy and one of the more devastating. Most of the studies performed so far to identify the cognitive dysfunctions induced by antineoplastic chemotherapies have been focused on treatment with anthracyclines, frequently administered to breast cancer patients, a population that, after treatment, shows a high possibility of long survival and, consequently, of chemobrain development. In the last few years, different possible strategies have been explored to prevent or reduce chemobrain induced by the anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX), known to promote oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been strongly implicated in the development of this brain dysfunction. Here, we have critically analyzed the results of the preclinical studies from the last few years that have evaluated the potential of phenolic compounds (PheCs), a large class of natural products able to exert powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, in inhibiting DOX-induced chemobrain. Several PheCs belonging to different classes have been shown to be able to revert DOX-induced brain morphological damages and deficits associated with learning, memory, and exploratory behavior. We have analyzed the biological and molecular mechanisms implicated and suggested possible future perspectives in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Serini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Calviello
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Gladkikh BP, Danilov DV, D’yachenko VS, Butov GM. 1,3-Dichloroadamantyl-Containing Ureas as Potential Triple Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase, p38 MAPK and c-Raf. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:338. [PMID: 38203510 PMCID: PMC10779153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of bioactive lipid signaling molecules. sEH converts epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET) to virtually inactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHET). The first acids are "medicinal" molecules, the second increase the inflammatory infiltration of cells. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs) are key protein kinases involved in the production of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). p38 MAPK signaling plays an important role in the regulation of cellular processes, especially inflammation. The proto-oncogenic serine/threonine protein kinase Raf (c-Raf) is a major component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway: ERK1/2 signaling. Normal cellular Raf genes can also mutate and become oncogenes, overloading the activity of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. The development of multitarget inhibitors is a promising strategy for the treatment of socially dangerous diseases. We synthesized 1,3-disubstituted ureas and diureas containing a dichloroadamantyl moiety. The results of computational methods show that soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors can act on two more targets in different signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 MAPK and c-Raf. The two chlorine atoms in the adamantyl moiety may provide additional Cl-π interactions in the active site of human sEH. Molecular dynamics studies have shown that the stability of ligand-protein complexes largely depends on the "spacer effect." The compound containing a bridge between the chloroadamantyl fragment and the ureide group forms more stable ligand-protein complexes with sEH and p38 MAPK, which indicates a better conformational ability of the molecule in the active sites of these targets. In turn, a compound containing two chlorine atoms forms a more stable complex with c-Raf, probably due to the presence of additional halogen bonds of chlorine atoms with amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris P. Gladkikh
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
| | - Dmitry V. Danilov
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
| | - Vladimir S. D’yachenko
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch), Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU), Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Gennady M. Butov
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch), Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU), Volzhsky 404121, Russia
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Wang D, Chen J, Pu L, Yu L, Xiong F, Sun L, Yu Q, Cao X, Chen Y, Peng F, Peng C. Galangin: A food-derived flavonoid with therapeutic potential against a wide spectrum of diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5700-5723. [PMID: 37748788 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Galangin is an important flavonoid with natural activity, that is abundant in galangal and propolis. Currently, various biological activities of galangin have been disclosed, including anti-inflammation, antibacterial effect, anti-oxidative stress and aging, anti-fibrosis, and antihypertensive effect. Based on the above bioactivities, more and more attention has been paid to the role of galangin in neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, skin diseases, and cancer. In this paper, the natural sources, pharmacokinetics, bioactivities, and therapeutic potential of galangin against various diseases were systematically reviewed by collecting and summarizing relevant literature. In addition, the molecular mechanism and new preparation of galangin in the treatment of related diseases are also discussed, to broaden the application prospect and provide reference for its clinical application. Furthermore, it should be noted that current toxicity and clinical studies of galangin are insufficient, and more evidence is needed to support its possibility as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Junren Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Zhang F, Yan Y, Zhang LM, Li DX, Li L, Lian WW, Xia CY, He J, Xu JK, Zhang WK. Pharmacological activities and therapeutic potential of galangin, a promising natural flavone, in age-related diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155061. [PMID: 37689035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extension of average life expectancy and the aggravation of population aging have become the inevitable trend of human development. In an aging society, various problems related to medical care for the elderly have become increasingly prominent. However, most of the age-related diseases have the characteristics of multiple diseases at the same time, prone to complications, and atypical clinical manifestations, which bring great difficulties to its treatment. Galangin (3,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is a natural active compound extracted from the root of Alpinia officinarum Hance (Zingiberaceae). Recently, many studies have shown that galangin has potential advantages in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which are common in the elderly. In addition, it also showed that galangin had prospective activities in the treatment of tumor, diabetes, liver injury, asthma and arthritis. PURPOSE This review aims to systematically summarize and discuss the effects and the underlying mechanism of galangin in the treatment of age-related diseases. METHODS We searched PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science and CNKI literature database resources, combined with the keywords "galangin", "neurodegenerative disease", "tumor", "diabetes", "pharmacological activity", "drug combination", "pharmacokinetics", "drug delivery system" and "safety", and comprehensively reviewed the pharmacological activities and mechanism of galangin in treating age-related diseases. RESULTS According to the previous studies on galangin, the anti-neurodegenerative activity, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective activity, anti-tumor activity, anti-diabetes activity, anti-arthritis activity, hepatoprotective activity and antiasthmatic activity of galangin were discussed, and the related mechanisms were classified and summarized in detail. In addition, the drug combination, pharmacokinetics, drug delivery system and safety of galangin were furtherly discussed. CONCLUSIONS This review will provide reference for galangin in the treatment of age-related diseases. Meanwhile, further experimental research and long-term clinical trials are needed to determine the therapeutic safety and efficacy of galangin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin-Mei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wen-Wen Lian
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Cong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jie-Kun Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica & School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Wei-Ku Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
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Zeng C, Wang S, Gu H, Chen F, Wang Z, Li J, Xie Z, Feng P, Shen H, Wu Y. Galangin mitigates glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis by activating autophagy of BMSCs via triggering the PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1275-1287. [PMID: 37365870 PMCID: PMC10448057 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), one of the most common and serious adverse effects associated with glucocorticoid administration, manifests as decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption, eventually culminating in bone loss. Galangin (GAL) is a flavonoid extracted from the medicinal herbal galangal that possesses a variety of pharmacological activities and can inhibit osteoclastogenesis. However, the effects of GAL on GIOP remain unclear. Our study aims to explore the effects of GAL on GIOP in mice and the underlying mechanism. Our results show that GAL markedly mitigates the severity of dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoporosis in mice and potentiates osteogenic differentiation in mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Furthermore, GAL also significantly counteracts Dex-mediated suppression of osteogenic differentiation and autophagy in human BMSCs. GAL augments PKA/CREB-mediated autophagic flux in BMSCs and the bones of osteoporotic mice. GAL-mediated osteogenic differentiation in Dex-treated BMSCs is significantly decreased by the PKA inhibitor H89 and autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. Collectively, our data indicate that GAL can ameliorate GIOP, partly by augmenting the mineralization of BMSCs by potentiating PKA/CREB-mediated autophagic flux, highlighting its potential therapeutic use in treating glucocorticoid-related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Zeng
- Center for BiotherapyEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Shan Wang
- Center for BiotherapyEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Huimin Gu
- Center for BiotherapyEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Fenglei Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Ziming Wang
- Department of OrthopedicsEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Jinteng Li
- Department of OrthopedicsEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Zhongyu Xie
- Department of OrthopedicsEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Pei Feng
- Center for BiotherapyEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
| | - Huiyong Shen
- Department of OrthopedicsEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
- Department of OrthopedicsSun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510120China
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- Center for BiotherapyEighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen518033China
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Thapa R, Afzal O, Alfawaz Altamimi AS, Goyal A, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Jakhmola V, Singh SK, Dua K, Gilhotra R, Gupta G. Galangin as an inflammatory response modulator: An updated overview and therapeutic potential. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110482. [PMID: 37044286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and gastrointestinal disorders, all have an inflammation-based etiology. In cellular and animal models of inflammation, flavonols were used to show potent anti-inflammatory activity. The flavonols enhanced the synthesis of the anti-inflammatory cytokines transforming growth factor and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and reduced the synthesis of the prostaglandins IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL-1. Galangin (GAL), a natural flavonol, has a strong ability to control apoptosis and inflammation. GAL was discovered to suppress extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB)p65 phosphorylation, which results in anti-inflammatory actions. Arthritis, inflammatory bronchitis, stroke, and cognitive dysfunction have all been treated with GAL. The current review aimed to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory properties of GAL and their protective effects in treating various chronic illnesses, including those of the heart, brain, skin, lungs, liver, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, U.P, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Vikash Jakhmola
- Uttaranchal Institute of pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW, 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Ritu Gilhotra
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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10
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Mohapatra A, Rajendrakumar SK, Cherukula K, Park MS, Padmanaban S, Vasukuty A, Mohanty A, Lee JY, Bae WK, Park IK. A sugar modified amphiphilic cationic nano-adjuvant ceased tumor immune suppression and rejuvenated peptide vaccine induced antitumor immunity in cervical cancer. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1853-1866. [PMID: 36655902 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01715f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV), one of the most common cancer-causing viruses, accounts for more than 90% of human anal and cervical cancers. Clinical studies have focused on adjuvant therapy with vaccines to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with late-stage HPV-related cancers. In the present study, a mannose receptor (CD206) targeting a lithocholic acid-modified polyethylenimine (PEI) nano-adjuvant delivering the toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist, resiquimod (R848) (mLAPMi-R848), in a HPV E6- and E7-expressing TC-1 tumor murine model was developed. Peritumoral administration of mLAPMi resulted in enhanced accumulation in tumor/tumor-draining lymph nodes and significantly targeted antigen presenting cells like macrophage and dendritic cells. PEI-based nanocarriers can exploit the adjuvant potency of R848 and improve the antitumor immunity. Hence, co-administration of mLAPMi-R848 along with an E6E7 peptide in TC-1 tumor mice eradicated tumor burden and elicited splenocyte-induced cytotoxicity in TC-1 cancer cells. In a bilateral TC-1 tumor model, administration of mLAPMi-R848 and E6E7 peptide significantly suppressed both primary and secondary tumor burdens and improved the overall survival rate. Immune cell profiling revealed elevated levels of mature DCs and CD8+ T cells but reduced levels of tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells (TAICs) like myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells in distal tumors. Overall, this study demonstrated that mLAPMi-R848 has improved the antitumor immunity of the peptide antigen against HPV-induced cancers by targeted immunodulation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and reducing TAICs. Furthermore, this nano-adjuvant has the potential to offer a new treatment option for patients with cervical cancer and can be applied for the treatment of other HPV induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kondareddy Cherukula
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myong-Suk Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Padmanaban
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arathy Vasukuty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Bioactivity, Molecular Mechanism, and Targeted Delivery of Flavonoids for Bone Loss. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040919. [PMID: 36839278 PMCID: PMC9960663 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disabilities are a prominent burden on the present population with an increasing life span. Advances in osteopathy have provided various medical support for bone-related diseases, including pharmacological and prosthesis interventions. However, therapeutics and post-surgery complications are often reported due to side effects associated with modern-day therapies. Thus, therapies utilizing natural means with fewer toxic or other side effects are the key to acceptable interventions. Flavonoids constitute a class of bioactive compounds found in dietary supplements, and their pharmacological attributes have been well appreciated. Recently, flavonoids' role is gaining renowned interest for its effect on bone remodeling. A wide range of flavonoids has been found to play a pivotal role in the major bone signaling pathways, such as wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), etc. However, the reduced bioavailability and the absorption of flavonoids are the major limitations inhibiting their use against bone-related complications. Recent utilization of nanotechnological approaches and other delivery methods (biomaterial scaffolds, micelles) to target and control release can enhance the absorption and bioavailability of flavonoids. Thus, we have tried to recapitulate the understanding of the role of flavonoids in regulating signaling mechanisms affecting bone remodeling and various delivery methods utilized to enhance their therapeutical potential in treating bone loss.
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12
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Galangin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via regulation of AKT/mTOR signaling. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:133-139. [PMID: 36617832 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i1.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), with the abilities of multidirectional differentiation and self-renewal, have been widely used in bone repair and regeneration of inflammation-stimulated oral diseases. Galangin is a flavonoid isolated from Alpinia officinarum, exerts anti-obesity, antitumor, and anti-inflammation pharmacological effects. The roles of galangin in lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were investigated. METHODS BMSCs were isolated from rat bone marrow and identified by flow cytometry. The isolated BMSCs were treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides or cotreated with lipopolysaccharides and different concentrations of galangin. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT (tetrazolium component) and flow cytometry. ELISA was used to detect inflammation. Alizarin red staining was used to investigate osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS The rat BMSCs showed negative rate of CD34, and positive rate of CD29 and CD44. Lipopolysaccharides treatment reduced cell viability of BMSCs, and promoted the cell apoptosis. Incubation with galangin enhanced cell viability of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs, and suppressed the cell apoptosis. Galangin decreased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs through down-regulation of NF-κB phosphorylation (p-NF-κB). Galangin up-regulated expression of osteo-specific proteins, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), to promote the osteogenic differentiation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs. Protein expression of p-AKT and p-mTOR in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BMSCs were increased by galangin treatment. CONCLUSION Galangin exerted an anti-inflammatory effect against lipopolysaccharide- stimulated BMSCs and promoted osteogenic differentiation through the activation of AKT/ mTOR signaling.
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13
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Xing Y, Zhang MS, Xiao JH, Liu RM. Galangin induces the osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175326. [PMID: 36257381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Galangin Nanoparticles Protect Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury: A Biochemical and Histopathological Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4619064. [PMID: 35990838 PMCID: PMC9385292 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4619064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the main causes of acute liver failure is overdose with acetaminophen. Excessive consumption of acetaminophen leads to the production of NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine) through the activity of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. For this purpose, the effect of galangin nanoparticles with antioxidant activities will be evaluated for the treatment of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. In this study, after the synthesis of galangin nanoparticles and particle size determination, mice were divided into six groups. Before treatment, a single dose (350 mg/kg) of acetaminophen was administered by gavage in all groups. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as biochemical factors FRAP and MDA in serum were measured and a histopathological study was performed. The prepared nanoparticles produced in this research were characterized by the SEM, DLS, and ZETA potential, and the average particle size was obtained in the range of 150 nm. Serum levels of liver enzymes (AST and ALT) in the nanoparticle group decreased significantly compared with the control group (
). In the group without treatment, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzymes increased significantly compared with the treatment groups. Also, galangin nanoparticles, at a dose of 20 mg/kg, improve cell damage in hepatocytes and preserve the tissue structure of the liver. Galangin nanoparticles reduce the acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing the number of liver function indices. According to our findings, the liver-protective effects of the nanoparticle may be due to its antioxidant properties.
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15
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Srivastava S, Rasool M. Underpinning IL-6 biology and emphasizing selective JAK blockade as the potential alternate therapeutic intervention for rheumatoid arthritis. Life Sci 2022; 298:120516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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He X, Liao Y, Liu J, Sun S. Research Progress of Natural Small-Molecule Compounds Related to Tumor Differentiation. Molecules 2022; 27:2128. [PMID: 35408534 PMCID: PMC9000768 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor differentiation is a therapeutic strategy aimed at reactivating the endogenous differentiation program of cancer cells and inducing cancer cells to mature and differentiate into other types of cells. It has been found that a variety of natural small-molecule drugs can induce tumor cell differentiation both in vitro and in vivo. Relevant molecules involved in the differentiation process may be potential therapeutic targets for tumor cells. Compared with synthetic drugs, natural small-molecule antitumor compounds have the characteristics of wide sources, structural diversity and low toxicity. In addition, natural drugs with structural modification and transformation have relatively concentrated targets and enhanced efficacy. Therefore, using natural small-molecule compounds to induce malignant cell differentiation represents a more targeted and potential low-toxicity means of tumor treatment. In this review, we focus on natural small-molecule compounds that induce differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells, osteoblasts and other malignant cells into functional cells by regulating signaling pathways and the expression of specific genes. We provide a reference for the subsequent development of natural small molecules for antitumor applications and promote the development of differentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli He
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yongkang Liao
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; (X.H.); (Y.L.)
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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17
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Qian Z, Suo R. Galangin reduces vascular endothelial cell dysfunction via Heme oxygenase-1 signaling. Vascular 2022:17085381221084806. [PMID: 35321597 DOI: 10.1177/17085381221084806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As one of the independent risk factors for atherosclerosis (AS), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can trigger damage to the vascular intima and induce the expression of various adhesion molecules. This study aimed to explore the effects of galangin, an extract of galangal, on ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial cells. METHODS The effects of different concentrations of galangin or ox-LDL on the metabolic activity of vascular endothelial cells were determined using the CCK8 assay. Afterward, the role of galangin in the expression levels of inflammatory factors was assessed using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. In addition, the influences of galangin on apoptosis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) were also evaluated. Through molecular docking, the Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway was proposed, and then the effects of the HO-1 signaling pathway on the regulatory roles of galangin were evaluated. RESULTS In this study, galangin was found to effectively increase the metabolic activity of ox-LDL-induced cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, galangin was found to reduce ox-LDL-induced cell inflammation, apoptosis, and EndMT. Moreover, galangin could combine with HO-1 and regulate the HO-1 signaling pathway. The effects of galangin on cells were shown to be through the HO-1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION To sum up, galangin reduced ox-LDL-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and EndMT of vascular endothelial cells via regulating the HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Suo
- Department of Cardiology, 74768Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
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18
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Huang XL, Liu C, Shi XM, Cheng YT, Zhou Q, Li JP, Liao J. Zoledronic acid inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorptive function by suppressing RANKL‑mediated NF‑κB and JNK and their downstream signalling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:59. [PMID: 34935053 PMCID: PMC8711024 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting excessive osteoclast differentiation and activity is considered a valid therapeutic approach for osteoporosis. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) plays a pivotal role in regulating bone mineral density. However, the exact molecular mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects of ZOL on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation are not entirely clear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of ZOL in osteoclast differentiation and function, and to determine whether NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase, and their downstream signalling pathways, are involved in this process. RAW264.7 cells were cultured with RANKL for differentiation into osteoclasts, in either the presence or absence of ZOL. Osteoclast formation was observed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and bone resorption pit assays using dentine slices. The expression of osteoclast-specific molecules was analysed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assays to deduce the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of ZOL in osteoclastogenesis. The results showed that ZOL significantly attenuated osteoclastogenesis and bone resorptive capacity in vitro. ZOL also suppressed the activation of NF-κB and the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Furthermore, it inhibited the expression of the downstream factors c-Jun, c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1, thereby decreasing the expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein and other osteoclast-specific markers. In conclusion, ZOL may have therapeutic potential for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Huang
- Stomatology Medical Center of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Mei Shi
- Stomatology Medical Center of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Li
- Stomatology Medical Center of Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528403, P.R. China
| | - Jian Liao
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China
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19
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Xu Q, Cao Z, Xu J, Dai M, Zhang B, Lai Q, Liu X. Effects and mechanisms of natural plant active compounds for the treatment of osteoclast-mediated bone destructive diseases. J Drug Target 2021; 30:394-412. [PMID: 34859718 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.2013488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Bone-destructive diseases, caused by overdifferentiation of osteoclasts, reduce bone mass and quality, and disrupt bone microstructure, thereby causes osteoporosis, Paget's disease, osteolytic bone metastases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoclasts, the only multinucleated cells with bone resorption function, are derived from haematopoietic progenitors of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. The regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective target for the treatment of bone-destructive diseases. Natural plant-derived products have received increasing attention in recent years due to their good safety profile, the preference of natural compounds over synthetic drugs, and their potential therapeutic and preventive activity against osteoclast-mediated bone-destructive diseases. In this study, we reviewed the research progress of the potential antiosteoclast active compounds extracted from medicinal plants and their molecular mechanisms. Active compounds from natural plants that inhibit osteoclast differentiation and functions include flavonoids, terpenoids, quinones, glucosides, polyphenols, alkaloids, coumarins, lignans, and limonoids. They inhibit bone destruction by downregulating the expression of osteoclast-specific marker genes (CTSK, MMP-9, TRAP, OSCAR, DC-STAMP, V-ATPase d2, and integrin av3) and transcription factors (c-Fos, NFATc1, and c-Src), prevent the effects of local factors (ROS, LPS, and NO), and suppress the activation of various signalling pathways (MAPK, NF-κB, Akt, and Ca2+). Therefore, osteoclast-targeting natural products are of great value in the prevention and treatment of bone destructive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiyou Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - JiaQiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Min Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qi Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xuqiang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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20
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Tang MM, Chen YJ, Wu JY, Amin A, Zhou XM, Jin C, Chen GY, Yu ZL. Ethyl acetate extract of the Musa nana flower inhibits osteoclastogenesis and suppresses NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Food Funct 2021; 12:11586-11598. [PMID: 34713875 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02204k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Banana flowers are consumed as a vegetable and traditionally used for managing several health problems including joint pain, a symptom of bone loss. Osteoclasts are key effector cells responsible for bone loss. Some flavonoids in banana flowers, such as quercetin and quercitrin, have been shown to be able to inhibit osteoclastogenesis. Whether banana flowers can inhibit osteoclast formation is unknown. In this study, we prepared the ethyl acetate fraction (FFE-EA) of an ethanolic extract of fresh flowers of Musa nana. Using UPLC-MS/MS analyses, 76 polyphenols were identified in FFE-EA. In RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, FFE-EA inhibited osteoclastogenesis and osteoclastic bone resorption. Mechanistic studies revealed that FFE-EA suppressed NF-κB and MAPK pathways, and lowered mRNA levels of osteoclast formation/function-related genes. These findings suggest that flowers of M. nana could be a source for formulating functional food that benefits bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China. .,Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China. .,Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, 571339, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Ying-Jie Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Jia-Ying Wu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Aftab Amin
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
| | - Xue-Ming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Cai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Guang-Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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21
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Song HK, Park SH, Kim HJ, Jang S, Kim T. Alpinia officinarum water extract inhibits the atopic dermatitis-like responses in NC/Nga mice by regulation of inflammatory chemokine production. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112322. [PMID: 34656059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia officinarum (AO) has been traditionally used in Asia as an herbal medicine to treat inflammatory and internal diseases. However, the therapeutic effect of AO on atopic dermatitis (AD) is unclear. Therefore, we examined whether Alpinia officinarum water extract (AOWex) affects AD in vivo and in vitro. Oral administration of AOWex to NC/Nga mice with Dermatophagoies farina extract (DfE)-induced AD-like symptoms significantly reduced the severity of clinical dermatitis, epidermal thickness, and mast cell infiltration into the skin and ear tissue. Decreased total serum IgE, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) levels were observed in DfE-induced NC/Nga mice in the AOWex-treated group. These effects were confirmed in vitro using HaCaT cells. Treatment with AOWex inhibited the expression of proinflammatory chemokines such as MDC, RANTES, IP-10 and I-TAC in interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated HaCaT cells. The anti-inflammatory effects of AOWex were due to its inhibitory action on MAPK phosphorylation (ERK and JNK), NF-κB, and STAT1. Furthermore, galangin, protocatechuic acid, and epicatechin from AOWex were identified as candidate anti-AD compounds. These results suggest that AOWex exerts therapeutic effects against AD by alleviating AD-like skin lesions, suppressing inflammatory mediators, and inhibiting major signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung Song
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Haeng Park
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Jang
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Sangaraju R, Alavala S, Nalban N, Jerald MK, Sistla R. Galangin ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice via down regulating NF-κB and activation of Nrf2 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107754. [PMID: 34162135 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a most common chronic autoimmune-arbitrated cutaneous inflammatory skin disorder by unclear pathogenesis. In this current study we demonstrated the effect of galangin (GAL) on imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation and decipher its possible protective mechanism which has not been investigated. The in vivo results revealed that GAL at 1% w/w and 2% w/w for six consecutive days markedly reduced IMQ-induced PASI scoring, skin, ear thickness, hematological markers, levels of nitrites, TBARS, MPO, histopathological, as well modulated the protein levels of pro-inflammatory mediators of COX-2, iNOS, NF-κB pathway and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IL-23, IL-1β in the skin and also IL-6, TNF-α in both skin and serum. Besides, GAL restored the levels of antioxidants markers such as SOD, CAT, GST, GSH, GR and Vit-C, anti-inflammatory cytokine of IL-10, and the protein levels of Nrf2/HO-1 in the skin compared to the IMQ group. Finally, our study demonstrates that GAL exerted its protective effect by up-regulating the anti-inflammatory and the antioxidant markers against psoriasis pre-clinical models indicating its potency for treating psoriasis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Sangaraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Sateesh Alavala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Nasiruddin Nalban
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Jerald
- Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 002, India.
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Sivasakthi P, Sanmuga Priya E, Senthamil Selvan P. Molecular insights into phytochemicals exhibiting anti-arthritic activity: systematic review : John Di Battista. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:665-685. [PMID: 34031706 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01471-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with an unclear etiology causing severe inflammation, joint pain, and destruction that increases the chance of disability over time. Dysregulation of various immune signaling cascades regulates the formation of synovial hyperplasia and pannus formation. Imbalance in cytokine levels, predominantly proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-12p70 profoundly influences the disease's pathogenesis. Even though various strategies are adopted to treat arthritis, their side effects and cost limit their usage. This review discusses the multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, provides a systematic analysis of various phytochemicals, and discusses their potential molecular targets in RA treatment. METHODS The literature mining was done from scientific databases such as PubMed, Europe PMC, Web of Science, Scopus, etc. The terminologies used for literature mining were Rheumatoid arthritis, phytochemicals, cell signaling pathways, molecular mechanism, etc. RESULTS: NF-κB, MAPKs, and JAK-STAT are the key pathways potentially targeted for RA treatment. However, specific susceptible pathways and potential targets remain unexplored. Besides, the phytochemicals remain an immense source to be exploited for the effective treatment of RA, overcoming the demerits of the conventional strategies. Various in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that polyphenols and flavonoids effectively treat RA conditions overcoming the demerits, such as limitations in usage and toxicity. The phytochemicals should be explored in par with the pathological mechanisms with all the available targets to determine their therapeutic efficacy. Through the established therapeutic efficacy, phytochemicals can help developing therapeutics that are safe and efficacious for RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sivasakthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - E Sanmuga Priya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - P Senthamil Selvan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
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Li X, Jiang J, Yang Z, Jin S, Lu X, Qian Y. Galangin suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4988-5000. [PMID: 33939240 PMCID: PMC8178255 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts play a critical role in osteoporosis; thus, inhibiting osteoclastogenesis is a therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis. Galangin, a natural bioflavonoid extracted from a traditional Chinese herb, possesses a variety of biological activities, including anti‐inflammation and anti‐oxidation. However, its effects on osteoporosis have not been elucidated. In this study, we found that galangin treatment dose‐dependently decreased osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMMs). Moreover, during osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast‐specific genes, such as tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K (CtsK), ATPase, H + transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit D2 (V‐ATPase d2) and dendritic cell–specific transmembrane protein (DC‐STAMP), were down‐regulated by galangin treatment. Furthermore, the results of the pit formation assay and F‐actin ring staining revealed impaired osteoclastic bone resorption in the galangin‐treated group compared with that in the control group. Additionally, galangin treatment also inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK of MAPK signalling pathway, as well as downstream factors of NFATc1, C‐Jun and C‐Fos. Consistent with our in vitro results, galangin suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced bone resorption via inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that galangin is a promising natural compound for the treatment of osteoporosis and may be associated with the inhibition of MAPK and NF‐κB signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jiawei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhifan Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Songtao Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuanyuan Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
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Li CY, Cheng SE, Wang SH, Wu JY, Hsieh CW, Tsou HK, Tsai MS. The Anti-inflammatory Effects of the Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Alpinia officinarum Hance Mediated by the Suppression of NF-kappaB and MAPK Signaling. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2021; 64:32-42. [PMID: 33642342 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_81_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Alpinia officinarum Hance extract (AOE) and identify its main active ingredients. AOE was obtained using a 95% ethanol extraction method. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to induce an inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that AOE exerts anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of prostaglandin E2 secretion and cyclooxygenase -2 (COX-2) production. We further analyzed the components of AOE using high-performance liquid chromatography and found that AOE is comprised of several bioactive flavonoids including quercetin (Q), kaempferol (K), galangin (G), and curcumin (C). These four flavonoids effectively inhibited nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α production. Moreover, they reduced COX-2 and inducible NO synthase expressions via regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways. Furthermore, we compared and contrasted the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of these four flavonoids at the same dose in the LPS-induced cell inflammation model. The results showed that C is the most effective inhibitor of LPS-induced NO production. However, only Q and K effectively attenuated LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 elevations. In conclusion, AOE and its major bioactive compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammation. As A. officinarum Hance is much cheaper than any of its four flavonoids, especially G, we suggest using AOE as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yu Li
- PhD Program of Biotechnology and Industry, College of Biotechnology and Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua; Department of Life-and-Death Studies, Nanhua University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Szu-En Cheng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Hong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jane-Yii Wu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Kai Tsou
- Functional Neurosurgery Division, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiun Tsai
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
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Erusappan T, Kondapuram SK, Ekambaram SP, Coumar MS. Investigation of Alpinia calcarata constituent interactions with molecular targets of rheumatoid arthritis: docking, molecular dynamics, and network approach. J Mol Model 2021; 27:14. [PMID: 33403456 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder that commonly affects multiple joints of the body. Currently, there is no permanent cure to the disease, but it can be managed with several potent drugs that cause serious side effects on prolonged use. Traditional remedies are considered promising for the treatment of several diseases, particularly chronic conditions, because they have lower side effects compared to synthetic drugs. In folklore, the rhizome of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) is used as a major ingredient of herbal formulations to treat RA. Phytoconstituents reported in A. calcarata rhizomes are diterpenoids, sesquiterpenoid, flavonoids, phytosterol, and volatile oils. The present study is intended to understand the molecular-level interaction of phytoconstituents present in A. calcarata rhizomes with RA molecular targets using computational approaches. A total of 30 phytoconstituents reported from the plant were used to carry out docking with 36 known targets of RA. Based on the docking results, 4 flavonoids were found to be strongly interacting with the RA targets. Further, molecular dynamics simulation confirmed stable interaction of quercetin with 6 targets (JAK3, SYK, MMP2, TLR8, IRAK1, and JAK1), galangin with 2 targets (IRAK1 and JAK1), and kaempferol (IRAK1) with one target of RA. Moreover, the presence of these three flavonoids was confirmed in the A. calcarata rhizome extract using LC-MS analysis. The computational study suggests that flavonoids present in A. calcarata rhizome may be responsible for RA modulatory activity. Particularly, quercetin and galangin could be potential development candidates for the treatment of RA. Investigation of Alpinia calcarata constituent interactions with molecular targets of rheumatoid arthritis: docking, molecular dynamics, and network approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamizharasi Erusappan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - Sree Karani Kondapuram
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Sanmuga Priya Ekambaram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Inhibition of RIPK1/RIPK3 ameliorates osteoclastogenesis through regulating NLRP3-dependent NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:1028-1035. [PMID: 32321638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblast-induced bone formation and osteoclast-regulated bone resorption are the essential events contributing to bone homeostasis. It is critical to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we explored the effects of receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinases (RIPKs) on osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in vitro and in vivo. We found that both RIPK1 and RIPK3 expression levels were highly up-regulated during osteoclastogenesis. Inhibiting RIPK1 and RIPK3 by their inhibitors Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) and GSK-872, respectively, showed effective activities against osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (Rankl). Osteoclast-specific gene expression levels were also impeded by RIPK1/RIPK3 blockage in a time-dependent manner. Subsequently, we found that the pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome stimulated by Rankl during osteoclastogenesis was greatly inhibited by Nec-1 and GSK-872. Additionally, reducing RIPK1/RIPK3 overtly reduced the activation of NF-κB (p65) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling during Rankl-induced osteoclast formation. Notably, adenovirus-regulated NLRP3 over-expression significantly abrogated the inhibitory effects of Nec-1 and GSK-872 on NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways, as well as the osteoclastogenesis. Finally, the in vivo studies indicated that suppressing RIPK1/RIPK3 could effectively ameliorate ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss in mice through repressing osteoclastogenesis, as proved by the clearly down-regulated number of osteoclasts via histological staining. In conclusion, our study elucidated that restraining RIPK1/RIPK3 could hinder osteoclastogenesis and attenuate bone loss through suppressing NLRP3-dependent NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Therefore, targeting RIPK1/RIPK3 signaling might be a potential therapeutic strategy to develop effective treatments against osteoclast-related bone lytic diseases.
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Wen SY, Chen JY, Chen CJ, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Protective effects of galangin against H 2 O 2 -induced aging via the IGF-1 signaling pathway in human dermal fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:115-123. [PMID: 31566298 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Galangin, a natural flavonol, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potential. However, the cytoprotective effects of galangin against oxidative-induced aging in human fibroblasts have not been well studied. IGF-1 signaling pathway is associated with the control of aging and longevity in human. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of galangin on human skin fibroblast HS68 cells under H2 O2 exposure to induce aging. In this study, we demonstrate that galangin could decrease the levels of pro-inflammatory proteins and enhanced collagen formation through promoting the IGF-1R pathway. Furthermore, aging markers such as senescence-associated β-galactosidase p53, p21Cip1/WAF1 , and p16INK4A were upregulated under H2 O2 exposure and galangin could reverse its effects. Taken together, these data indicated that anti-inflammatory and antiaging activities of galangin may be mediated through the IGF-1R signaling pathway. These findings may provide the evidence for galangin to develop as an antiwrinkle product on human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ying Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Gerges SH, Tolba MF, Elsherbiny DA, El-Demerdash E. The natural flavonoid galangin ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice: Effect on Toll-like receptor 4, inflammation and oxidative stress. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 127:10-20. [PMID: 31943791 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of galangin, a promising active principle of honeybee propolis, in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. We explored the possible underlying mechanisms for galangin action and the therapeutic benefit of adding galangin to the standard therapy sulphasalazine. A galangin dose of 40 mg/kg was selected based on a preliminary dose-selection study for investigation in a 4-week cyclical model of DSS-induced colitis. Mice received 3% DSS in their drinking water during the first and third weeks and were administered the treatments (40 mg/kg galangin, 100 mg/kg sulphasalazine and a combination of 20 mg/kg galangin and 50 mg/kg sulphasalazine) daily starting from the second week. Galangin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced histopathological alterations and tissue injury, down-regulated Toll-like receptor 4 expression, suppressed NF-κB p65 activation, lowered inflammatory cytokine levels and demonstrated antioxidant effects. The combination of galangin and sulphasalazine at half doses yielded comparable results to either drug alone at full dose. This study highlights galangin as a promising therapy for colitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar H Gerges
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai F Tolba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Wang X, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. A review on osteoclast diseases and osteoclastogenesis inhibitors recently developed from natural resources. Fitoterapia 2020; 142:104482. [PMID: 31954740 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been investigated as potential candidates of novel therapeutics and play a crucial role in advanced medicinal drugs. Natural resources, including local medicinal plants (especially folk medicinal plants), animals, bacteria, and fungi have been used for more than a century, and are precious gifts from nature, providing potential medicines with high safety. Osteoclast-related diseases, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Paget's disease, osteoclastoma, and periprosthetic osteolysis, are currently the most common reasons for bone inflammation, pain and fractures, resulting in low quality of life. However, the curative effects of current therapeutic drugs for these osteoclast-related diseases are limited, and long-term treatment is needed. Further, in severe cases, surgical treatments are necessary, which may cause unaffordable expenses and subsequent influences such as neuralgia, mental stress, and even development of cancer. Thus, safer inhibitors and potential drugs with enhanced curative effects and quick relief are needed to treat patients with osteoclast diseases. This review aims to introduce the main osteoclast-related diseases and some of the recently developed naturally sourced inhibitors against osteoclastogenesis, also it is desired to attract people's attention on using widely available natural resources for the evolution of new types of osteoclast inhibitors with minimal or no side-effects upon long-term treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kosei Yamauchi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tohru Mitsunaga
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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Wang X, Batubara I, Yamauchi K, Mitsunaga T. Identification and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of chemical constituents from Daemonorops draco (Willd.) Blume and selected commercial flavonoids on anti-osteoclastogenesis activity. Fitoterapia 2019; 138:104280. [PMID: 31376421 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclastogenesis-related bone diseases including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, Paget's disease and periodontitis are worldwide occurred and cause severe health problems including bone fracture and bone cancer. However, A few studies have shown that Daemonorops draco (Willd.) Blume may decrease bone destruction and relieve bone cancer pain. In this research, we isolated and purified four known and two novel compounds from D. draco and investigated their anti-osteoclastogenesis activity using RAW264.7 cells. Among them, com.1 exhibited the most effective inhibitory activity on osteoclastogenesis with 78% inhibition at 10 μM and identified to be a novel natural flavan; and com.2 displayed a bit slighter inhibition (50% at 10 μM), indicating that the methylation of 7-hydroxyl group increased the anti-osteoclastogenesis activity. Moreover, nineteen commercial flavonoids were also performed in this study to investigate their inhibitory activity on osteoclastogenesis, and furtherly develop the SAR profile in flavonoid skeleton combined with the information of isolated compounds. Interestingly, the absence of substituents in B-ring and (3R)-hydroxyl group seems to play a crucial role in increasing anti-osteoclastogenesis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Irmanida Batubara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, Bogor Agriculture University, Bogor 16128, Indonesia
| | - Kosei Yamauchi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tohru Mitsunaga
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
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Zhang L, Virgous C, Si H. Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of combined phytochemicals. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 69:19-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sangaraju R, Nalban N, Alavala S, Rajendran V, Jerald MK, Sistla R. Protective effect of galangin against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in Balb/c mice. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:691-704. [PMID: 31147743 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is known to cause chronic inflammation in the digestive tract by the immune malfunction. Herein, we demonstrate the protective effect of galangin (GAL), a phytochemical, on LPS-induced inflammation in cultured mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) and the treatment of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in Balb/c mice. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of GAL in DSS-exposed experimental colitis has not been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS We determined the levels of proinflammatory cytokines by ELISA, biochemical analysis using standard protocols and protein expression level of NF-κB signaling pathway and activation of Nrf2 gene pathway were analyzed by western blot analysis in colitis-induced mice. RESULTS Our in vitro studies showed that LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with GAL reduced the levels of nitrites, IL-6, and TNF-α in a concentration-dependent manner. The results demonstrated that oral administration of GAL at 20 mg/kg (lower dose) and 40 mg/kg (higher dose) significantly reduced the severity of colitis and mitigated the clinical signs of both macroscopic and microscopic of the disease. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in colonic tissue and serum were reduced significantly and in GAL + DSS-treated group relative to DSS alone treated group. Increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) was detected in colon tissues in GAL + DSS-treated groups relative to DSS alone treated group. We also observed decreased levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitrites and TBARS with increased SOD in colonic tissue of GAL + DSS group. Besides, GAL + DSS-treated animals significantly suppressed protein expressions of p-NF-κB and p-Ikk-βα, COX-2, iNOS, Nrf2 and increased HO-1 levels in colon tissues by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the protective effect of galangin as an anti-inflammatory agent against the severe form of colitis in pre-clinical models suggesting its potency for the treatment of IBD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Sangaraju
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Nasiruddin Nalban
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Sateesh Alavala
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar Jerald
- Animal House Facility, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Sistla
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500 007, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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Galangin Suppresses Renal Inflammation via the Inhibition of NF- κB, PI3K/AKT and NLRP3 in Uric Acid Treated NRK-52E Tubular Epithelial Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3018357. [PMID: 31240210 PMCID: PMC6556363 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3018357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Renal inflammation can result in renal injury. Uric acid (UA) is the final product of purine metabolism in humans and because of the lack of urate oxidase, UA may accumulate in tissues, including kidney, causing inflammation. Galangin was isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine plant and possesses several beneficial effects, working as an anti-oxidant, anti-mutagenic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-viral agent. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the molecular mechanism of galangin in the attenuation of UA induced renal inflammation in normal rat kidney epithelial cells NRK-52E. Our findings suggested that galangin treatment efficiently protected NRK-52E cells against UA induced renal inflammation by decreasing tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) release, and it inhibited nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA expression. In addition, galangin was not exerting any cytotoxicity at the concentrations that were effective against inflammation as assessed by CCK8 assay. Moreover, western blotting showed that galangin treatment effectively inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and nucleotide-binding domain- (NOD-) like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway activation. Taken together, these findings suggested that galangin plays a pivotal role in renal inflammation by suppressing inflammatory responses, which might be closely associated with the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation.
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Wu H, Shen J, Liu L, Lu X, Xue J. Vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced tolerogenic dendritic cells attenuated arthritis in experimental collagen-induced arthritic mice. Int J Rheum Dis 2019; 22:1255-1262. [PMID: 31062502 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cumulative evidence has revealed that tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) could relieve inflammation reactions in various autoimmune diseases. This study investigated the potential therapeutic application of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced tolDC (VIP-DC) on arthritis using collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. METHODS Bone marrow cells were differentiated into dendritic cells (DC) using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4. tolDC were induced by either VIP or Bay 11-7082 in vitro. Immunophenotypes and cytokine production of VIP-DC and Bay-DC were detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Bay-DC, VIP-DC and untreated DC were ip administrated to CIA mice on day 40 when arthritis was onset. The treatment effects on arthritic and pathological changes, including synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, inflammation and bone erosion, were assessed. RESULTS VIP-DC (40 ng/mL) and Bay-DC (0.5 µg/mL) had a lower level of major histocompatibility complex II, CD40 and CD86 expression, reduced γ-interferon and increased IL-4 production (P < 0.05 or 0.01), compared with untreated DC. The administration of VIP-DC and Bay-DC decreased the arthritis score clinically at the end of the therapy. Pathological assessments showed that bone erosion and inflammation were alleviated in the VIP-DC group compared with those in the untreated DC group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION VIP-DC showed reduced immunogenicity and enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Both VIP-DC and Bay-DC could ameliorate arthritis in CIA mice clinically. VIP-DC were not inferior to Bay 11-7082-induced tolDC but may exert a better preventive effect on bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiang Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Lei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Ding P, Yang L, Feng C, Xian JC. Research and application of Alpinia officinarum in medicinal field. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Huang L, Lin M, Zhong X, Yang H, Deng M. Galangin decreases p‑tau, Aβ42 and β‑secretase levels, and suppresses autophagy in okadaic acid‑induced PC12 cells via an Akt/GSK3β/mTOR signaling‑dependent mechanism. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1767-1774. [PMID: 30628698 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Okadaic acid (OA)‑induced neurotoxicity may be considered a novel tool used to study Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, and may be helpful in the development of a novel therapeutic approach. It has been reported that galangin inhibits β‑site amyloid precursor protein‑cleaving enzyme 1 expression, which is a key enzyme for amyloid β (Aβ) generation and is a potential drug candidate for AD therapy. However, further studies are required to confirm its neuroprotective effects in other AD models. The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of galangin on OA‑induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. The cells were divided into the following groups: Control group, model group (175 nM OA for 48 h) and galangin groups (0.25, 0.5 and 1 µg/ml). Beclin‑1, phosphorylated (p)‑protein kinase B (Akt), p‑glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β and p‑mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression was also measured in the following PC12 cell groups: Control group, model group, 3‑methyladenine group (5 nM), rapamycin group (100 nM) and galangin group (1 µg/ml). The levels of β‑secretase, Aβ42 and p‑tau were detected by ELISA, Beclin‑1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and the protein expression levels of p‑Akt, p‑mTOR p‑GSK3β, and Beclin‑1 were detected by western blotting. Galangin treatment enhanced cell viability in cells treated with OA, and decreased β‑secretase, Aβ42 and p‑tau levels. In addition, it suppressed Beclin‑1 and p‑GSK3β expression, but promoted p‑Akt and p‑mTOR expression by regulating the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR pathway. These results indicated that galangin protected PC12 cells from OA‑induced cytotoxicity and inhibited autophagy via the Akt/GSK3β/mTOR pathway, thus suggesting that it may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524048, P.R. China
| | - Mingqin Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Minzhen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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Galangin Inhibits Thrombin-Induced MMP-9 Expression in SK-N-SH Cells via Protein Kinase-Dependent NF-κB Phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124084. [PMID: 30562971 PMCID: PMC6321481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin, a member of the flavonol compounds of the flavonoids, could exert anti-inflammatory effects in various cell types. It has been used for the treatment of arthritis, airway inflammation, stroke, and cognitive impairment. Thrombin, one of the regulators of matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), has been known as a vital factor of physiological and pathological processes, including cell migration, the blood–brain barrier breakdown, brain edema formation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death. MMP-9 especially may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of galangin in combating thrombin-induced MMP-9 expression is not well understood in neurons. Therefore, we attempted to explore the molecular mechanisms by which galangin inhibited MMP-9 expression and cell migration induced by thrombin in SK-N-SH cells (a human neuroblastoma cell line). Gelatin zymography, western blot, real-time PCR, and cell migration assay were used to elucidate the inhibitory effects of galangin on the thrmbin-mediated responses. The results showed that galangin markedly attenuated the thrombin-stimulated phosphorylation of proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (c-Src), proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2), protein kinase C (PKC)α/β/δ, protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK)1/2, p38 MAPK, forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), p65, and c-Jun and suppressed MMP-9 expression and cell migration in SK-N-SH cells. Our results concluded that galangin blocked the thrombin-induced MMP-9 expression in SK-N-SH cells via inhibiting c-Src, Pyk2, PKCα/βII/δ, Akt, mTOR, p42/p44 MAPK, JNK1/2, p38 MAPK, FoxO1, c-Jun, and p65 phosphorylation and ultimately attenuated cell migration. Therefore, galangin may be a potential candidate for the management of brain inflammatory diseases.
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Patel RK, Trivedi PD. Design-of-experiment approach for the development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the simultaneous estimation of berberine chloride and galangin in Tinospora cordifoliaM. and Alpinia galangaL. and their herbal formulations. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2018.31.6.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra K. Patel
- Pharmaceutical chemistry department, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382023, India
| | - Priti D. Trivedi
- Pharmaceutical chemistry department, K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382023, India
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Lei C, Xueming H, Ruihang D. MLN64 deletion suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastic differentiation and attenuates diabetic osteoporosis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1228-1235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abubakar IB, Malami I, Yahaya Y, Sule SM. A review on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Alpinia officinarum Hance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:45-62. [PMID: 29803568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alpinia officinarum Hance is a perennial plant that has been traditionally used for many decades to treat several ailments including inflammation, pain, stomach-ache, cold, amongst others. Pharmacological studies over the years have demonstrated remarkable bioactivities that could be further explored for development of new therapeutic agents against various ailments. AIM OF THE STUDY The paper critically reviewed the ethno-medicinal uses, pharmacology, and phytochemistry of A. officinarum. METHODS Keywords including A. officinarum and its synonyms were searched using electronic databases including ISI web of knowledge, Science direct, Scopus, PubMed, Google scholar and relevant database for Masters and Doctoral theses. RESULTS A. officinarum is prepared in Asia, Turkey, Morocco and Iran as a decoction, infusion or juice as a single preparation or in combination with other herbs, food or drinks for the treatment of general health problems including cold, inflammation, digestive disorders, etc. Pharmacological studies revealed the potent in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of various parts of A. officinarum that include anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, homeostasis, lipid regulation, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, antiosteoporosis, etc. Over 90 phytochemical constituents have been identified and isolated from A. officinarum comprising vastly of phenolic compounds especially diarylheptanoids isolated from the rhizome and considered the most active bioactive components. CONCLUSION In vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed the potency of A. officinarum. However, further studies are required to establish the mechanisms mediating its bioactivities in relation to the medicinal uses as well as investigating any potential toxicity for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Babangida Abubakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, PMB 1144 Aliero, Nigeria.
| | - Ibrahim Malami
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, PMB 2346 Sokoto, Nigeria.
| | - Yakubu Yahaya
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, PMB 1144 Aliero, Nigeria.
| | - Sahabi Manga Sule
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, PMB 1144 Aliero, Nigeria.
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Fu Q, Gao Y, Zhao H, Wang Z, Wang J. Galangin protects human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‑like synoviocytes via suppression of the NF‑κB/NLRP3 pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3619-3624. [PMID: 30152847 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that significantly affects patient quality of life. Galangin is an extract with multiple health benefits, including anti‑oxidative, anti‑proliferative, immunoprotective and cardioprotective effects. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, no detailed studies have investigated its regulatory effects on the nuclear factor (NF)‑κB/NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway. The present study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of galangin in RA fibroblast‑like synoviocytes with regards to the NF‑κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Human RA fibroblast‑like synovium cells (RAFSCs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammation. The levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α, IL‑18, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)‑2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay or western blotting in the absence or presence of different concentrations of galangin. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were additionally evaluated. Furthermore, factors involved in the NF‑κB/NLRP3 pathway, including NLRP3, apoptosis‑associated speck‑like protein containing A, IL‑1β, pro‑caspase‑1, caspase‑1, phosphorylated (p)‑NF‑κB inhibitor α and p‑NF‑κB, were assessed by western blotting. The results revealed that LPS significantly stimulated IL‑1β, TNF‑α, IL‑18, PGE2, NO, iNOS, COX‑2 and NF‑κB/NLRP3 factor expression, compared with the control. SOD activity was reduced. Pre‑treatment with galangin significantly attenuated the effects of LPS, and galangin was demonstrated to have effective anti‑oxidative properties. In conclusion, galangin protected RAFSCs through downregulation of the NF‑κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. These findings suggested that galangin may provide a novel direction for the development of RA therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Zaijun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
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Galangin-loaded, liver targeting liposomes: Optimization and hepatoprotective efficacy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zeng L, Ding H, Hu X, Zhang G, Gong D. Galangin inhibits α-glucosidase activity and formation of non-enzymatic glycation products. Food Chem 2018; 271:70-79. [PMID: 30236734 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation is considered as an effective approach to treat type 2 diabetes. Herein, multispectroscopic techniques and molecular docking analysis were used to investigate the inhibition of galangin on α-glucosidase and non-enzymatic glycation. Galangin showed a reversible inhibition on α-glucosidase activity in a mixed-type manner through a monophasic kinetic process, and induced the fluorescence quenching and conformational changes of α-glucosidase by forming α-glucosidase-galgangin complex. Molecular docking revealed that galangin primarily interacted with the amino acid residues within the active site of α-glucosidase, which may prevent the entrance of substrate resulting in a decrease in catalytic efficiency of α-glucosidase. Moreover, galangin moderately inhibited the formation of intermediates of non-enzymatic glycation, fructosamine and α-dicarbonyl compounds and strongly inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huafang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research, 8 Ha Crescent, Auckland 2104, New Zealand
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Mak KK, Tan JJ, Marappan P, Balijepalli MK, Choudhury H, Ramamurthy S, Pichika MR. Galangin’s potential as a functional food ingredient. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Liu D, You P, Luo Y, Yang M, Liu Y. Galangin Induces Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Through Mitochondrial Pathway and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Inhibition. Pharmacology 2018; 102:58-66. [PMID: 29879712 DOI: 10.1159/000489564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis induction by galangin against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to assess cell viability and flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. The expression level of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-3, Bad, cleaved-Bid, Bcl-2, Bax, p-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3K], and p-Akt) and cell cycle-related proteins (cyclin D3, cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, p21, p27, p53) were evaluated by Western blotting. RESULTS Galangin increased the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited cell viability, and induced apoptosis. Meanwhile, the expression of cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-8, caspase-3, Bid, and Bad increased significantly while the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins decreased. In addition, the protein levels of cyclin D3, cyclin B1, CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4 were downregulated while the expression levels of p21, p27, and p53 were upregulated significantly. CONCLUSION Galangin could suppress the viability of MCF-7 cells and induce cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and PI3K/Akt inhibition as well as cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengtao You
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Kim JH, Kang HM, Yu SB, Song JM, Kim CH, Kim BJ, Park BS, Shin SH, Kim IR. Cytoprotective effect of flavonoid-induced autophagy on bisphosphonate mediated cell death in osteoblast. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5571-5580. [PMID: 29380898 PMCID: PMC6001630 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
With rapid economic growth and further developments in medical science, the entry into the aging population is currently increasing, as is the number of patients with metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, and diabetes. The current treatments for metabolic bone diseases, which are also on the rise, cause negative side effects. Bisphosphonates, which are used to treat osteoporosis, inhibit the bone resorption ability of osteoclasts and during prolonged administration, cause bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Numerous studies have shown the potential role of natural plant products as flavonoids in the protection against osteoporosis and in the influence of bone remodeling. Autophagy occurs after the degradation of cytoplasmic components within the lysosome and serves as an essential cytoprotective response to pathologic stress caused by certain diseases. In the present study, we hypothesized that the cytoprotective effects of flavonoids might be related to those associated with autophagy, an essential cytoprotective response to the pathologic stress caused by certain diseases, in osteoblasts. We demonstrated the cytoprotective effect of flavonoid‐induced autophagy against the toxicity of zoledronate and the induction of autophagy by flavonoids to support osteogenic transcription factors, leading to osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Further studies are necessary to clarify the connections between autophagy and osteogenesis. It would be helpful to shed light on methodological challenges through molecular biological studies and new animal models. The findings of the current study may help to delineate the potential role of flavonoids in the treatment of metabolic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Han Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hae-Mi Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Su-Bin Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Jae-Min Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Chul-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bok-Joo Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Shin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - In-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
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Galangin inhibits the cell progression and induces cell apoptosis through activating PTEN and Caspase-3 pathways in retinoblastoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:851-863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Chen G, Liu J, Jiang L, Ran X, He D, Li Y, Huang B, Wang W, Fu S. Galangin Reduces the Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons in an LPS-Evoked Model of Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010012. [PMID: 29267220 PMCID: PMC5795964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra (SN). Neuroinflammation, which is marked by microglial activation, plays a very important role in the pathogenesis of PD. Pro-inflammatory mediators produced by activated microglia could damage DA neurons. Hence, the inhibition of microglial activation may provide a new approach for treating PD. Galangin has been shown to inhibit inflammation in a variety of diseases, but not PD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of galangin and the underlying mechanisms in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced PD models. We first examined the protective effect of galangin in the LPS-induced PD rat model. Specifically, we investigated the effects on motor dysfunction, microglial activation, and the loss of DA neurons. Then, galangin was used to detect the impact on the inflammatory responses and inflammatory signaling pathways in LPS-induced BV-2 cells. The in vivo results showed that galangin dose-dependently attenuates the activation of microglia, the loss of DA neurons, and motor dysfunction. In vitro, galangin markedly inhibited LPS-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via associating with the phosphorylation of c-JUN N-terminal Kinase (JNK), p38, protein kinase B (AKT), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65. Collectively, the results indicated that galangin has a role in protecting DA neurons by inhibiting microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Liqiang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xin Ran
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dewei He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yuhang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Bingxu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Wen SY, Chen JY, Weng YS, Aneja R, Chen CJ, Huang CY, Kuo WW. Galangin suppresses H 2 O 2 -induced aging in human dermal fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:2419-2427. [PMID: 28834114 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human skin aging is a progressive process that includes intrinsic aging and extrinsic photodamage, both of which can cause an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in dermal fibrosis dysfunction and wrinkle formation. Galangin is a flavonoid that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potential. Previous studies have reported that galangin has antioxidative activity against ROS-mediated stress. The aim of the present study is to determine the antiaging effects of galangin on dermal fibroblasts exposed to H2 O2 . In this study, we established a hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammation and aging model using human HS68 dermal fibroblasts. Stimulation of fibroblasts with H2 O2 is associated with skin aging and increased expression of inflammation-related proteins, along with downregulation of collagen I/III formation and expression of antioxidative proteins. Galangin effectively reduced NF-κB activation, the expression of inflammation-related proteins and cell aging. Galangin also reversed H2 O2 -activated cell senescence in HS68 cells. Our results reveal that galangin protects human dermal fibroblasts by inhibiting NF-κB activation, decreases the expression of inflammatory factors and upregulates IGF1R/Akt-related proteins, indicating that galangin may be a potential candidate for developing natural antiaging products that protect skin from damage caused by ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ying Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for General Education, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh-Shan Weng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ritu Aneja
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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