1
|
Liao X, Huang L, Luo X, Zhang L, Lu L, Luo D, Luo W. Distribution and health risk of chromium in wheat grains at the national scale in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134846. [PMID: 38852247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution may threaten food safety in China. In this study, the concentration, pollution level, distribution, and non-cancer risk of Cr in wheat grains grown in 186 areas across 28 provinces in China were investigated. Results indicated that mean concentration of Cr was 0.28 ± 2.5 mg/kg, dry mass (dm). Of the samples, 7.5 % were found to be polluted with Cr. The mean concentrations were in the following order: Northwest > Northeast > South > East > North > Southwest > Central China. Based on deterministic models, mean hazard quotient (HQ) values for adult males, adult females, and children were 0.11 ± 3.4, 0.11 ± 3.4, and 0.13 ± 3.5, respectively with < 6 % of HQ values ≥ 1. Eleven sites in northern China were identified as hotspots, whereas Gansu Province and Northwestern China were labeled as priority provinces and regions for risk control. The mean HQ values estimated by probabilistic risk assessment were two times greater than those estimated using deterministic models. The risk probabilities for adult males, adult females, and children were 4.81 %, 3.78 %, and 6.55 %, respectively. This study provides valuable information on Cr pollution in wheat grains and its risks at a national scale in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dezhao Luo
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang XP, Wang HJ, Zheng JR, Wang XR, Lin DM, Wu YQ, Yu RL, Hu GR, Yan Y. Comprehensive analysis of metal(loid)s and associated metal(loid) resistance genes in atmospheric particulate matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173038. [PMID: 38719055 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite global concerns about metal(loid)s in atmospheric particulate matter (PM), the presence of metal(loid) resistance genes (MRGs) in PM remains unknown. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of the metal(loid)s and associated MRGs in PMs in two seasons (summer and winter) in Xiamen, China. According to the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), most metal(loid)s, except for V and Mn, exhibited enrichment in PM, suggesting potential anthropogenic sources. By employing Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, utilizing a dataset encompassing both total and bioaccessible metal(loid)s, along with backward trajectory simulations, traffic emissions were determined to be the primary potential contributor of metal(loid)s in summer, whereas coal combustion was observed to have a dominant contribution in winter. The major contributor to the carcinogenic risk of metal(loid)s in both summer and winter was predominantly attributed to coal combustion, which serves as the main source of bioaccessible Cr. Bacterial communities within PMs showed lower diversity and network complexity in summer than in winter, with Pseudomonadales being the dominant order. Abundant MRGs, including the As(III) S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase gene (arsM), Cu(I)-translocating P-type ATPase gene (copA), Zn(II)/Cd(II)/Pb(II)-translocating P-type ATPase gene (zntA), and Zn(II)-translocating P-type ATPase gene (ziaA), were detected within the PMs. Seasonal variations were observed for the metal(loid) concentration, bacterial community structure, and MRG abundance. The bacterial community composition and MRG abundance within PMs were primarily influenced by temperature, rather than metal(loid)s. This research offers novel perspectives on the occurrence of metal(loid)s and MRGs in PMs, thereby contributing to the control of air pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Peng Liang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - He-Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Jie-Ru Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Dao-Ming Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ya-Qing Wu
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Huaqiao University, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Rui-Lian Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Gong-Ren Hu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang W, Wei L, Yang Y, Sun J, Ding L, Wu X, Zheng L, Huang Q. Estuarine environmental flow assessment based on the flow-ecological health index relation model: a case study in Yangtze River Estuary, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:348. [PMID: 38446276 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Environmental flow (e-flow) is the water demand of one given ecosystem, which can become the flow regulation target for protection and restoration of river or estuarine ecosystems. In this study, an e-flow assessment based on the flow-ecological health index (EHI) relation model was conducted to improve ecosystem health of the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE). Monitoring data of hydrology, biology, and water environment in the last decades were used for the model establishment. For the description of the YRE ecosystem, an EHI system was developed by cumulative frequency distribution curves and adaption of national standards. After preprocessing original flow values into proportional flow values, the generalized additive model and Monte Carlo random sampling were used for the establishment of the flow-EHI relation model. From the model calculation, the e-flow assessment results were that, in proportional flow values, the suitable flow range was 1.05-1.35, and the optimum flow range was 1.15-1.25 (flows in Yangtze River Datong Station). For flow regulation in two crucial periods, flows of 42,630-65,545 m3/s or over 14,675 m3/s are needed for the suitable flow of YRE in summer (June-August) or January, respectively. An adaptive management framework of ecological health-based estuarine e-flow assessment for YRE was contrived due to the limitation of current established model when facing the extreme drought in summer, 2022. The methodology and framework in this study are expected to provide valuable management and data support for the sustainable development of estuarine ecosystems and to bring inspiration for further studies at even continental or global levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weizheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jinnuo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Shanghai Investigation, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd. (SIDRI), Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Xinghua Wu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, China Three Gorges Corporation (CTG), Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Leifu Zheng
- Shanghai Investigation, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd. (SIDRI), Shanghai, 200335, China
| | - Qinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo Y, Yang Y, Li R, Liao X, Li Y. Cadmium accumulation in tropical island paddy soils: From environment and health risk assessment to model prediction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133212. [PMID: 38101012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated soil quality is crucial because it directly affects food safety and human health, and rice is of primary concern because of its centrality to global food networks. However, a detailed understanding of cadmium (Cd) geochemical cycling in paddy soils is complicated by the multiple influencing factors present in many rice-growing areas that overlap with industrial centers. This study analyzed the pollution characteristics and health risks of Cd in paddy soils across Hainan Island and identified key influencing factors based on multi-source environmental data and prediction models. Approximately 27.07% of the soil samples exceeded the risk control standard screening value for Cd in China, posing an uncontaminated to moderate contamination risk. Cd concentration and exposure duration contributed the most to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to children, teens, and adults through ingestion. Among the nine prediction models tested, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) exhibited the best performance for Cd prediction with soil properties having the highest importance, followed by climatic variables and topographic attributes. In summary, XGBoost reliably predicted the soil Cd concentrations on tropical islands. Further research should incorporate additional soil properties and environmental variables for more accurate predictions and to comprehensively identify their driving factors and corresponding contribution rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi S, Feng Q, Zhang J, Wang X, Zhao L, Fan Y, Hu P, Wei P, Bu Q, Cao Z. Global patterns of human exposure to flame retardants indoors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169393. [PMID: 38104845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
To fill the knowledge gaps regarding the global patterns of human exposure to flame retardants (FRs) (i.e., brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs)), data on the levels and distributions of FRs in external and internal exposure mediums, including indoor dust, indoor air, skin wipe, serum and urine, were summarized and analysed. Comparatively, FR levels were relatively higher in developed regions in all mediums, and significant positive correlations between FR contamination and economic development level were observed in indoor dust and air. Over time, the concentration of BFRs showed a slightly decreasing trend in all mediums worldwide, whereas OPFRs represented an upward tendency in some regions (e.g., the USA and China). The occurrence levels of FRs and their metabolites in all external and internal media were generally correlated, implying a mutual indicative role among them. Dermal absorption generally contributed >60% of the total exposure of most FR monomers, and dust ingestion was dominant for several low volatile compounds, while inhalation was found to be negligible. The high-risk FR monomers (BDE-47, BDE-99 and TCIPP) identified by external exposure assessment showed similarity to the major FRs or metabolites observed in internal exposure mediums, suggesting the feasibility of using these methods to characterize human exposure and the contribution of indoor exposure to the human burden of FRs. This review highlights the significant importance of exposure assessment based on multiple mediums for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Shi
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qian Feng
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Leicheng Zhao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yujuan Fan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Pengtuan Hu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Pengkun Wei
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qingwei Bu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou H, Yue X, Chen Y, Liu Y. Source-specific probabilistic contamination risk and health risk assessment of soil heavy metals in a typical ancient mining area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167772. [PMID: 37839479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution (HMP) from mining operations severely threatens soil ecosystems and human health. Identifying the sources of soil heavy metals (HMs) and assessing source-specific risks are critical for developing effective risk mitigation strategies. In this study, a combination of methodologies including PMF, Monte Carlo analysis, soil pollution risk index, and a human health risk assessment model were utilized to investigate soil HM risks in a typical ancient mining area in Daye City, China, considering both environmental pollution and human health impacts. Cu emerged as the most significant soil pollution risk, whereas As posing the highest health risk. About 48.44 % of the multi-element integrated soil pollution risk has escalated to the heavy level. Furthermore, around 22.42 % of the non-carcinogenic risk (NCR) and 9.53 % of the carcinogenic risk (CR) exceeded unacceptable thresholds (THI > 1 for NCR and TCR > 1E-4 for CR). The PMF model identified four distinct sources: the smelting industry, traffic emissions, a combination of agricultural and natural factors, and mining activities. The mixed agricultural and natural source significantly impacted health risks, contributing 42.17 % to NCR and 53.88 % to CR, followed by the mining source, contributing 31.67 % to NCR and 24.07 % to CR. Interestingly, the mining source contributed the highest soil pollution risk at 42.45 %, while the mixed agricultural and natural source exhibited the lowest at 16.33 %. Furthermore, the study explored source-specific risk components by evaluating the contributions of different sources to specific elements. The mining source was identified as the focus for soil HMP control, followed by the mixed agricultural and natural source. Overall, this study provided an in-depth analysis of soil heavy metal risks in mining areas from the source apportionment perspective, which broadened the research framework of soil heavy metal source analysis and risk assessment, potentially providing scientific guidance for managing regional soil HMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Yue
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanzhong Liu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ji X, Liang J, Wang Y, Liu X, Li Y, Liu Q, Liu R. Synthetic Antioxidants as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Indoor Environments: Knowns and Unknowns. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21550-21557. [PMID: 38085701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic antioxidants, including synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), amine antioxidants (AAs), and organophosphite antioxidants (OPAs), are essential additives for preventing oxidative aging in various industrial and consumer products. Increasing attention has been paid to the environmental contamination caused by these chemicals, but our understanding of synthetic antioxidants is generally limited compared to other emerging contaminants such as plasticizers and flame retardants. Many people spend a significant portion (normally greater than 80%) of their time indoors, meaning that they experience widespread and persistent exposure to indoor contaminants. Thus, this Perspective focuses on the problem of synthetic antioxidants as indoor environmental contaminants. The wide application of antioxidants in commercial products and their demonstrated toxicity make them an important family of indoor contaminants of emerging concern. However, significant knowledge gaps still need to be bridged: novel synthetic antioxidants and their related transformation products need to be identified in indoor environments, different dust sampling strategies should be employed to evaluate human exposure to these contaminants, geographic scope and sampling scope of research on indoor contamination should be broadened, and the partition coefficients of synthetic antioxidants among different media need to be investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ji
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qifan Liu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Runzeng Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang S, Zhou Q, Sun L, Sun Y, Qin Q, Song K, Zhu Z, Liu X, Xue Y. A prospective health risks analysis of regulatory limits for heavy metals in rice from representative organizations and countries worldwide: Are they protective? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167130. [PMID: 37751841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination in rice has been one of the most public concerns globally; thus, many countries and organizations issued the maximum acceptable limits (MALs) of their concentrations in rice to regulate food safety and health risks. However, the applicability of these MALs has rarely been thoroughly evaluated. This study collected the MALs of heavy metals for rice from representative countries and organizations around the world. We assessed the critical health risks in the case of metal concentrations that reached the MALs for the first time. Results showed great variability of rice regulation limits owing to different processing methods (paddy, polished, and brown rice) and metal types (mainly focusing on inorganic As, Cd, and Pb). Risk analysis revealed that the inorganic As limits and part of Cd limits for polished rice generated relatively high health risks, indicating that their risks may be underestimated. Monte Carlo simulation further showed that the daily intake rate of rice (IRrice) is the largest contributor to total variances for the derivation of MALs, and regulation limits decreased with the augment of IRrice. Overall, we suggest a cautious reduction in the allowable limits of certain metals (such as inorganic As and part of Cd) in rice as their health risks and toxicity may be underestimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Yang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Qianhang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, 201418, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Qin Qin
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Ke Song
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhu
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Eco-Environmental Protection Institution, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201403, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 201403, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Han W, Pan Y, Welsch E, Liu X, Li J, Xu S, Peng H, Wang F, Li X, Shi H, Chen W, Huang C. Prioritization of control factors for heavy metals in groundwater based on a source-oriented health risk assessment model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115642. [PMID: 37924799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) in groundwater seriously threaten ecological safety and human health. To facilitate the effective management of groundwater contamination, priority control factors of HMs in groundwater need to be categorized. A total of 86 groundwater samples were collected from the Huangpi district of Wuhan city, China, during the dry and wet seasons. To determine priority control factors, a source-oriented health risk assessment model was applied to compare the pollution sources and health risks of seven HMs (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, As, and Fe). The results showed that the groundwater had higher As and Fe contents. The sources of HM pollution during the wet period were mainly industrial and agricultural activities and natural sources. During the dry period, origins were more complex due to the addition of domestic discharges, such as sewage wastewater. Industrial activities (74.10% during the wet period), agricultural activities (53.84% during the dry period), and As were identified as the priority control factors for groundwater HMs. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers to coordinate targeted management of HM pollution in groundwater and reduce the cost of HM pollution mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Han
- Geological Survey Research Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yujie Pan
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Emily Welsch
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Department of Geography and Environment, The London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shasha Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongxia Peng
- School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Fangtin Wang
- Wuhan Center of Geological Survey of China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Wuhan Center of Geological Survey of China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Huanhuan Shi
- School of Environment, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Wuhan Center of Geological Survey of China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Changsheng Huang
- Wuhan Center of Geological Survey of China Geological Survey, Wuhan 430205, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan C, Wang H, Yang Q, Yuan L, Zhang Y, Delgado Martín J. An integrated approach for quantifying source apportionment and source-oriented health risk of heavy metals in soils near an old industrial area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 323:121271. [PMID: 36804139 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination of heavy metals (HMs) caused by the long-term industrial activities has become a major environmental issue due to its adverse effects on human health and ecosystem. In this paper, 50 soil samples were analyzed to evaluate the contamination characteristics, source apportionment and source-oriented health risk of HMs in soils near an old industrial area in NE China by applying an integrated approach of Pearson correlation analysis, Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model and Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that the mean concentrations of all HMs greatly exceeded the soil background values (SBV), and the surface soils in the study area were heavily polluted with HMs, displaying a very high ecological risk. The toxic HMs emitted from the bullet production were identified as the primary source of HMs contamination in soils, with a contribution rate of 33.3%. The human health risk assessment (HHRA) suggested that the Hazard quotient (HQ) values of all HMs for children and adults are within the acceptable risk level (HQ < 1). The carcinogenic risk (CR) values of HMs for children and adults significantly exceeded the acceptable threshold of 1E-6 with a basic trend: As > Pb > Cr > Co > Ni, indicating a high cancer risk. For source-oriented health risk, the CR of four pollution sources for children and adults shows a same trend: Factor 4 > Factor 3 > Factor 2 > Factor 1. Among those, the source of HMs pollution from bullet production is the largest contributor to cancer risk, and As and Pb are the most important HMs pollutants that cause cancer risk to humans. The present study sheds some light on the contamination characteristics, source apportionment and source-health risk assessment of HMs in industrially contaminated soils, which helps improve the management of environmental risk control, prevention and remediation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qingchun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Liyuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jordi Delgado Martín
- Escuela de Ingenieros de Caminos, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, 15192, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang J, Liu Z, Tian B, Li J, Luo J, Wang X, Ai S, Wang X. Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in provinces of China based on different soil types: From normalization to soil quality criteria and ecological risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 441:129891. [PMID: 36103763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ecological risks can vary dramatically depending on abiotic factors, such as soil properties and the background values of elements. This study developed a framework for an integrated risk assessment system to derive soil quality criteria (SQC) for heavy metals (HMs) applicable to different soil types and to assess ecological risks at a multi-regional scale. Through the construction of normalization and species sensitivity distribution models, 248 SQC values for Cd, Pb, Zn, As, Cu, Cr, Sb, and Ni in 31 Chinese provinces were derived. These SQC considered the soil types and background values of the elements and effectively reduced the uncertainty caused by spatial heterogeneity. Using the derived SQC values, the qualitative and quantitative ecological risks of HMs in the terrestrial environment of China were comprehensively assessed using a three-level ecological risk assessment (ERA) approach. Compared to traditional ERA methods, the new methodology reached a more quantitative conclusion. The mean overall probabilities of ecological risk in China were 2.42 % (Cd), 2.82 % (Pb), 12.17 % (Zn), 14.89 % (As), 10.42 % (Cu), 32.20 %(Cr), and 8.88 % (Ni). The new framework could be useful for the ERA of various soil types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Biao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xusheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shunhao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo G, Li K, Lei M. Accumulation, environmental risk characteristics and associated driving mechanisms of potential toxicity elements in roadside soils across China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155342. [PMID: 35489507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Roadside soils may be affected by potential toxicity elements (TPEs) from vehicles; however, pollution status, ecological and health risks of PTEs in roadside soils were rarely reported on national scale. In this study, a dataset of PTEs in roadside soils was compiled based on the literatures published in 2000-2021, and then pollution level, ecological and health risks of PTEs were evaluated using geochemical accumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk index (ER), and human risk assessment coupled with Monte Carlo simulation. Driving factors of PTE accumulation in soils were determined by Geo-detector method. Results indicated that Cd exhibited moderate pollution and considerable ecological risk with the highest Igeo of 1.25 and ER of 100.1, respectively. Vehicle ownership (VP) and precipitation (PP) significantly affected accumulation of PTEs, with q values of 0.209 and 0.191 (P < 0.05), respectively. VP paired with PP enhanced nonlinearly PTE accumulation (q = 0.77). Only 6.89% and 1.54% of non-carcinogenic risks for children and adolescent exceeded the threshold of 1, respectively, whereas 93.11%, 95.67%, 58.80% and 58.14% of carcinogenic risks for senior, adults, adolescent, and children surpassed 1E-06, respectively. The results of this study provided valuable implication for managers to design effective strategies for pollution prevent and risk control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Guo
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Guan Q, Liu Z, Shao W, Tian J, Luo H, Ni F, Shan Y. Probabilistic risk assessment of heavy metals in urban farmland soils of a typical oasis city in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 833:155096. [PMID: 35398134 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies lacked quantitative evaluation studies of the probability of ecology and human health risks from soil heavy metals. This study assessed heavy metal risk level by collecting topsoil samples from a typical oasis city (Wuwei) in northwest China and then quantitatively evaluating the ecological risk from heavy metals by incorporating the uncertainty of health risk model parameters into the risk assessment. This study found that anthropogenic activities have influenced the accumulation of heavy metals in the study area and that the risk of contamination of soil heavy metals was characterized as light to moderate contamination and low ecological risk. On this basis, the species sensitivity distribution curves of heavy metals were constructed using species acute toxicity data, the predicted no effect concentrations of heavy metals were derived, and a probabilistic ecological risk evaluation was conducted. The results show that the current soil environmental quality standards in China are not effective in protecting species diversity. In addition, the probability of ecological risk for Cr, Ni and As in the study area was 63.3%, 23.8% and 7.1%, however, traditional pollution assessment methods underestimate the hazard of Cr. Monte Carlo simulations have shown that the probability of the carcinogenic risk of Cr (adults: 79.4%; children: 94.5%) and As (adults: 78.9%; children: 94.0%) is high, the probability of the total carcinogenic risk exceeding 1E-06 is 99.0%, the probability of the non-carcinogenic risk is low, and the slope factor and reference dose can significantly affect the evaluation of human health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Guan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Zhan Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenyan Shao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Haiping Luo
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fei Ni
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuxin Shan
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Groundwater of Hainan Island Using the Monte Carlo Simulation Coupled with the APCS/MLR Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137827. [PMID: 35805486 PMCID: PMC9266011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Groundwater is a significant component of water resources, but drinking groundwater with excessive heavy metals (HMs) is harmful to human health. Currently, quantitative source apportionment and probabilistic health risk assessment of HMs in groundwater are relatively limited. In this study, 60 groundwater samples containing seven HMs were collected from Hainan Island and analyzed by the coupled absolute principal component scores/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR), the health risk assessment (HRA) and the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) to quantify the pollution sources of HMs and the health risks. The results show that the high-pollution-value areas of HMs are mainly located in the industry-oriented western region, but the pollution level by HMs in the groundwater in the study area is generally low. The main sources of HMs in the groundwater are found to be the mixed sources of agricultural activities and traffic emissions (39.16%), industrial activities (25.57%) and natural sources (35.27%). Although the non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children are negligible, the carcinogenic risks are at a high level. Through analyzing the relationship between HMs, pollution sources, and health risks, natural sources contribute the most to the health risks, and Cr is determined as the priority control HM. This study emphasizes the importance of quantitative evaluation of the HM pollution sources and probabilistic health risk assessment, which provides an essential basis for water pollution prevention and control in Hainan Island.
Collapse
|
15
|
Feng W, Zhang Y, Huang L, Li Y, Guo Q, Peng H, Shi L. Spatial distribution, pollution characterization, and risk assessment of environmentally persistent free radicals in urban road dust from central China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118861. [PMID: 35063537 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) have aroused widespread concern due to their potential adverse health effects. Research on EPFRs in road dust is still very limited. In this study, 86 road dust samples were collected using vacuum sampling in a rapidly developing city in central China. The pollution characterization and health risk of EPFRs in the urban road dust were then systematically analyzed. The results showed the average concentrations of EPFRs in urban road dust and fraction of particle with aerodynamic diameters lower than 10 μm (PM10) were 2.24 × 1017 to 3.72 × 1019 spins·g-1 and 6.02 × 1017 to 1.41 × 1020 spins g-1, respectively. The concentrations of EPFRs in dust from expressways, arterial roads, and secondary trunk roads were significantly higher than those found in the remaining road types. The g-factors of 2.0032-2.0039 indicated that the EPFRs have consisted of oxygen-centered and carbon-centered radicals or carbon-centered radicals with nearby oxygen or halogen atoms. Moreover, three decay patterns of EPFRs were observed: a fast decay followed by a slow decay, a single slow decay, and the slowest decay. In addition, a comparative evaluation was made for probabilistic risk assessments of exposure to the EPFRs in road dust and the PM10 fraction. Compared with road dust, the probability of the number of equivalent cigarettes to exceed the 100 and 200 cigarettes for inhaling EPFRs in the PM10 fraction increased by 27.0% and 25.0%, respectively. The simulation results showed the PM10 fraction were primarily deposited in the upper respiratory tract regions (57.1%) and pulmonary regions (28.8%). The findings of this study suggest a potential risk of EPFRs in inhalable particles and provide a new insight for further exploration of the EPFRs in fine particles of road dust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Yunlin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China; Zhoukou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Qingkai Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Haoyan Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, 451191, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gu X, Wang Z, Wang J, Ouyang W, Wang B, Xin M, Lian M, Lu S, Lin C, He M, Liu X. Sources, trophodynamics, contamination and risk assessment of toxic metals in a coastal ecosystem by using a receptor model and Monte Carlo simulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127482. [PMID: 34655879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution in coastal ecosystems have posed threats to organisms and human worldwide. This study comprehensively investigated the concentrations, sources, trophodynamics, contamination, and risks of six HMs in the coastal ecosystem of Jiaozhou Bay, northern China, by stable isotope analysis, positive matrix factorization (PMF), and Monte Carlo simulation. Overall, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were significantly bio-diluted in the food web, while Cr was significantly biomagnified with a trophic magnification factor of 1.23. In addition, trophodynamics of the six HMs was different among fish, mollusk, and crustacean. Furthermore, detailed transfer pathways of six HMs in the food web including eight trophic levels were different from one another. Bioaccumulation order of the six HMs was Cu > Zn > Co, Cr, Ni, and Pb. Zinc concentrations were the highest in seawater, sediments, and organisms. Anthropogenic sources contributed to 71% for Zn, 31% for Cu and Pb, and 27% for Co, Cr, and Ni in the sediment, which was moderately contaminated with moderate ecological risk. However, the human health risk of HMs from eating seafood was relatively low. To protect the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem, HM contamination should be further controlled in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zongxing Wang
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Wei Ouyang
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Baodong Wang
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ming Xin
- MNR Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Maoshan Lian
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chunye Lin
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchang He
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lü Q, Xiao Q, Guo Y, Wang Y, Cai L, You W, Zheng X, Lin R. Pollution monitoring, risk assessment and target remediation of heavy metals in rice from a five-year investigation in Western Fujian region, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127551. [PMID: 34736193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, rice contamination by heavy metals (HMs) has become a severe problem. Taking the Western Fujian region as an example in this study, a total of 1311 rice samples containing eight HMs were collected from 2015 to 2019, then used to explore their pollution characteristics, health risks, and Spatio-temporal variations, finally derive the target remediation areas of the key pollutants. The results showed that average concentrations of all the HMs had not reached the limits of the National Standards of Food Safety, but pollution indexes of As (0.783) and Cu (0.665) were at accumulation level (>0.6), which posed high pollution risks. Furthermore, locations of higher HMs concentrations coincided with those of higher pollution estimation probabilities. The non-carcinogenic risk (4.150, 2.434) and carcinogenic risk (4.96 × 10-3, 2.92 × 10-3) for children and adults cannot be negligible, As and Cd were the largest contributors. Children were more susceptible than adults due to the metal concentrations and rice intake rate. The spatio-temporal changes indicated that a decreasing trend in average concentrations of HMs (except Cr), but As (0.37%-0.88%) contents increased in the west and northeast parts, and so did Cd (1.92%-5.11%) in the central region during monitoring. For the target remediation, particular regions in the western and eastern were used as risky areas of As and Cd, respectively. Our results will provide theoretical support for the pollution management of HMs in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Lü
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingtie Xiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yourui Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Luxiang Cai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wu You
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Agricultural Ecological Environment and Energy Technology Extension Station, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ruiyu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province University, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Win-Shwe TT, Kawaguchi M, Takano H. Impact of dietary exposure to low-dose tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate in allergic asthmatic mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:599-610. [PMID: 34388063 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1959609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCIPP) is an organophosphorus flame retardant that is an alternative to brominated flame retardants. Although TDCIPP can adversely affect human health, information about its effects on immune and allergic responses is scarce. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary exposure to TDCIPP using less than the human tolerable daily intake (TDI) in allergic asthmatic mice. METHODS Male C3H/HeJSlc mice were fed a chow diet containing TDCIPP equivalent to 0.02 μg/kg/day (low; L), 0.2 μg/kg/day (medium; M), or 2 μg/kg/day (high; H) and were intratracheally administered ovalbumin (OVA, 1 μg/animal) every 2 weeks from 5 to 11 weeks of age. RESULTS In OVA-treated mice, TDCIPP-H exposure tended to enhance pulmonary inflammation compared with vehicle exposure. TDCIPP dose-dependently decreased mRNA level of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in the lungs with or without OVA. OVA + TDCIPP-H treatment tended to increase the total cell number and promoted CD4+ cell activation compared with OVA alone treatment in mediastinal lymph nodes. In splenocytes, an increase in the fraction of Breg cells, but not of total B and T cells, and an increase in IL-5 in cell culture supernatants following OVA re-stimulation in OVA + TDCIPP-H-treated mice was observed compared with OVA-alone-treated mice. Moreover, OVA + TDCIPP-H exposure decreased Gr-1 expression in bone marrow (BM) cells. DISCUSSION These results suggested that dietary exposure to TDCIPP at TDI level slightly enhances allergic diseases, such as allergic asthma, via GPER regulation at inflamed sites and secondary lymphoid tissue and BM cell alternations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rie Yanagisawa
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Eiko Koike
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tin-Tin Win-Shwe
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maiko Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang J, Wu Y, Sun J, Li X, Geng X, Zhao M, Sun T, Fan Z. Health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in park soils of the largest megacity in China by using Monte Carlo simulation coupled with Positive matrix factorization model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125629. [PMID: 33740718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban Parks are important places for residents to engage in outdoor activities, and whether heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in park soils are harmful to human health has aroused people's concern. A total of 204 topsoil samples containing nine HMs were collected from 78 urban parks of Shanghai in China, and used to assess the health risks caused by HMs in soils. The results revealed that the Hg, Cd and Pb were the main enriched pollutants and posed higher ecological risks than the other HMs. Four HM sources (including natural sources, agricultural activities, industrial production and traffic emissions) were identified by combining the Positive matrix factorization model and Correlation analysis, with the contribution rate of 48.24%, 7.03%, 13.04% and 31.69%, respectively. The assessment of Probabilistic health risks indicated that the Non-carcinogenic risks for all populations were negligible. However, the Total carcinogenic risk cannot be negligible and children were more susceptible than adults. The assessment results of source-oriented health risks showed that industrial production and traffic emissions were estimated to be the most important anthropogenic sources of health risks for all populations. Our results provide scientific support needed for the prevention and control of HM pollution in urban parks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiaxun Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaolei Geng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Menglu Zhao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengqiu Fan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang Q, Wang J, Li M, Ge Z, Zhang X, Luan L, Li P, Xu W. Size-dependent surface enhanced Raman scattering activity of plasmonic AuNS@AgNCs for rapid and sensitive detection of Butyl benzyl phthalate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119131. [PMID: 33279408 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate plasticizers (PAEs) are heavily applied to plastic products and poses severe threat to human health. Herein, it is especially urgent to find a stable and reliable method for detecting PAEs. In this report, a Surface Enhanced Raman Scatting (SERS) strategy coupled with plasmonic core-shell Au nanospheres@Ag nanocubes (AuNS@AgNCs) as substrates were employed for the rapid and sensitive detection of Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) in liquor samples, and plasmonic core-shell AuNS@AgNCs tend to perform richer localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) than AuNS. In this work, different sizes AuNS@AgNCs comprised of Au nanospheres as core and Ag nanocubes as shells were synthesized. Based on this, we then investigated the SERS activity of BBP and crystal violet (CV) reached a maximum level when the thickness of Ag coating shell arrived in a threshold, and even very low signal of trace BBP dissolved in liquor sample can be detected in existence of the plasmonic AuNS@AgNCs active substrate of 50 nm. The sensitivity and repeatability of the optimized size AuNs@AgNCs have been estimated and limits of detection (LOD) was 10-9 M for BBP. In addition, finite difference time domain (FDTD) electromagnetic simulations also performed in great agreement with our experimental results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Man Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Zipan Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
| | - Longlong Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Health & Medical Technology Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China.
| | - Weiping Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Araki A, Ait Bamai Y, Bastiaensen M, Van den Eede N, Kawai T, Tsuboi T, Miyashita C, Itoh S, Goudarzi H, Konno S, Covaci A, Kishi R. Combined exposure to phthalate esters and phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers and their associations with wheeze and allergy symptoms among school children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109212. [PMID: 32058144 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phthalate esters and phosphate flame retardants and plasticizers (PFRs) are both used as plasticizers and are commonly detected in indoor environments. Although both phthalates and PFRs are known to be associated with children's wheeze and allergic symptoms, there have been no previous studies examining the effects of mixtures of these exposures. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between exposure to mixtures of phthalate esters and PFRs, and wheeze and allergic symptoms among school-aged children. METHODS A total of 128 elementary school-aged children were enrolled. Metabolites of 3 phthalate esters and 7 PFRs were measured in urine samples. Parent-reported symptoms of wheeze, rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema were evaluated using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. In the primary model, we created a phthalate ester and PFR mixture exposure index, and estimated odds ratios (ORs) using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g (qg)-computation. The two highest chemicals according to qg-computation weight %s were combined to create a combination high × high exposure estimate, with ORs calculated using the "low × low" exposure group as the reference category. Concentrations of each metabolite were corrected by multiplying this value by the sex- and body size-Standardised creatinine concentration and dividing by the observed creatinine value. All models were adjusted for sex, grade, dampness index and annual house income. RESULTS The odds ratio of rhinoconjunctivitis for the association between exposure to chemical mixtures according to the WQS index positive models was; OR = 2.60 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38-5.14). However, wheeze and eczema of the WQS index positive model, none of the WQS index negative models or qg-computation result yielded statistically significant results. Combined exposure to the two highest WQS weight %s of "high-high" ΣTCIPP and ΣTPHP was associated with an increased prevalence of rhino-conjunctivitis, OR = 5.78 (1.81-18.43) to the "low × low" group. CONCLUSIONS Significant associations of mixed exposures to phthalates and PFRs and increased prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis was found among elementary school-aged children in the WQS positive model. Mixed exposures were not associated with any of allergic symptoms in the WQS negative model or qg-computation approach. However, the combined effects of exposure to two PFRs suggested an additive and/or multiplicative interaction, potentially increasing the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis. A further study with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Araki
- Hokkaido University, Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yu Ait Bamai
- Hokkaido University, Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Michiel Bastiaensen
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Nele Van den Eede
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Toshio Kawai
- Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, 2-3-8, Tosabori, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 550-0001, Japan
| | - Tazuru Tsuboi
- Osaka Occupational Health Service Center, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, 2-3-8, Tosabori, Nishi-ku, Osaka, 550-0001, Japan
| | - Chihiro Miyashita
- Hokkaido University, Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Sachiko Itoh
- Hokkaido University, Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Houman Goudarzi
- Center for Medical Education and International Relations, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Reiko Kishi
- Hokkaido University, Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Kita 12, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
He M, Yang S, Zhao J, Collins C, Xu J, Liu X. Reduction in the exposure risk of farmer from e-waste recycling site following environmental policy adjustment: A regional scale view of PAHs in paddy fields. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105136. [PMID: 31491593 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Farmland contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has drawn increasing attention across China with enhanced regulations and environmental policies proposed by government to protect soil environment safety. As the informal electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling activities were forbidden under recent environmental regulation, this study compared levels, compositions, spatial distributions, human health risks of PAHs in paddy soil within the vicinity of an e-waste recycling area in southeastern China, with 129 and 150 soil samples collected in 2011 and 2016, respectively. The soil contamination was dominated with high molecular weight PAHs. The mean concentration of EPA 16 PAHs decreased from 590.4 ± 337.2 μg kg-1 in 2011 to 407.3 ± 232.2 μg kg-1 in 2016. Distribution maps of soil PAHs concentration displayed the temporal change in spatial. Principal component analysis together with diagnostic ratios revealed the combustion of biomass and coal in industrial and unregulated e-waste dismantling were the main sources of PAHs in the study area. Both deterministic and probabilistic assessments demonstrated reduced exposure risk for farmers from 2011 to 2016. Sensitivity analysis revealed that exposure frequency (EF) is the most influential parameter for the total variance in the risk assessment model. This study implied that the more stringent environmental policy and regulation can lead reductions in soil contamination with PAHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingjiang He
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiyan Yang
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chris Collins
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG6 6DW, UK
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang L, Sun W, Duan X, Duan Y, Sun H. Promoting differentiation and lipid metabolism are the primary effects for DINP exposure on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113154. [PMID: 31546122 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Diisononyl phthalate (DINP) is a high-molecular-weight phthalate, and has been recently introduced as di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) substitute and commonly used in a large variety of plastic items. The fat tissue is an important target for DINP exposure, however, very little is understood about its toxicity and mechanism(s) in adipocyte cells. Therefore, the present work aimed to investigate the role of DINP in adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. DINP exposure for 10 days extensively induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes as assessed by lipid accumulation and gene expression of adipogenic markers. The RT-qPCR results showed that DINP could upregulate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ, while the expression of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) and C/EBPδ was not affected. The DINP-induced adipogenesis could be inhibited by using the selective PPARγ antagonist GW9662. The RNA-seq analysis was used to study the systemic toxicities of DINP on preadipocytes. A total of 1181 differently expressed genes (DEGs) (640 genes were up-regulated, 541 genes were down-regulated) were detected in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes under 50 μM DINP. The GO enrichment showed the GO term of "fat cell differentiation" was the most significantly affected metabolic functions, and the KEGG pathway enrichment showed the PPAR pathway was the top affected pathway. The interactive pathway (iPath) analysis showed that the changed metabolic pathways were focus on the lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lianying Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Weijie Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Duan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yishuang Duan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang S, Zhao J, Chang SX, Collins C, Xu J, Liu X. Status assessment and probabilistic health risk modeling of metals accumulation in agriculture soils across China: A synthesis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 128:165-174. [PMID: 31055203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal accumulation in agriculture soils is of particular concern in China, while the status and probabilistic health risks of metal contamination in Chinese agriculture soils have been rarely studied at the national scale. In this study, we compiled a database of heavy metal concentrations in Chinese agriculture soils and selected six heavy metals for pollution assessment and risk screening: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn). Monte Carlo simulation was employed to assess the probabilistic health risks, the associated uncertainties, as well as variations in toxicity parameters, ingestion rate and body weight. Results indicated that the concentrations of Cd were elevated above their reference standard and Cd had the highest mean geo-accumulation index (Igeo) of 1.79. Moreover, the mean hazard index (HI) through exposure to six heavy metals was 1.85E-01 and 2.87E-02 for children and adults, respectively, with 2.2% of non-cancer risks for children that exceeded the guideline value of 1. In contrast, 95.0% and 90.0% of the total cancer risks (TCR) through exposure to six heavy metals for children and adults, respectively, exceeded the guideline value of 1E-06. Six metals were ranked based on their percent of risk outputs exceeding the guideline values. Arsenic had the high exceedance of both cancer and non-cancer risks, while both Cr and Cd were metals with high concern that had high exceedance of cancer risk. Sensitivity analyses indicated that metal concentrations and ingestion rate of soil were the predominant contributors to total risk variance. Overall, the adverse health risks induced by exposure to heavy metals contaminated farmland were elevated. Results from this study may provide valuable implications for public health professionals and policy-makers to design effective strategy to manage nation-wide farmland and reduce heavy metal exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Yang
- College of Environmental Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Environmental Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Chris Collins
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG6 6DW, UK
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingmei Liu
- College of Environmental Natural Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hu X, Wang X, Ge Z, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Li J, Bu L, Wu H, Li P, Xu W. Bimetallic plasmonic Au@Ag nanocuboids for rapid and sensitive detection of phthalate plasticizers with label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2019; 144:3861-3869. [PMID: 31099357 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00251k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phthalate plasticizers (PAEs) are posing a serious threat to human health, so it is urgent to develop effective and reliable ways to detect the food additives PAEs sensitively. In this study, we have reported plasmonic bimetallic Au@Ag core-shell nanocuboids for the rapid and sensitive detection of PAEs in liquor samples with a label-free Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) strategy. Compared with single-element nanostructures, the bimetallic SERS platform can integrate two distinct functions into a single entity with unprecedented properties. Consequently, we synthesized Au@Ag nanocuboids (Au@Ag NCs) composed of a Au nanorod (Au NR) core and a Ag cuboid shell, which could produce richer and broader plasmonic resonance modes than Au NRs. It is obvious that the SERS signals of crystal violet (CV) and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) reached a maximum as the thickness of the Ag coating shell was in a certain threshold and there was a strong dependence of the Raman enhancement on the Ag cuboid shell-thickness. Based on the optimized size, the sensitivity and repeatability of Au@Ag NCs were evaluated with limits of detection (LODs) at around 10-9 M both for BBP and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). In addition, the SERS active substrate core-shell Au@Ag NCs can be used to detect BBP as low as 1.3 mg kg-1 spiked into the liquor samples. Thereby, the unique bimetallic Au@Ag NCs showed a huge potential for the rapid and sensitive detection of PAEs in liquor samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Zipan Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yaru Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Anhui, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jingya Li
- Department of Biological Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Linfeng Bu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Hengan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Pan Li
- Center of medical physics and technology, Hefei institutes of physical science, CAS, Hefei 230021, China.
| | - Weiping Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui, Hefei 230038, China and The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui, Hefei 230001, China.
| |
Collapse
|