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Dai Y, Ding J, Wang Z, Zhang B, Guo Q, Guo J, Qi X, Lu D, Chang X, Wu C, Zhang J, Zhou Z. Associations of prenatal and concurrent exposure to phenols mixture with anthropometric measures and blood pressure during childhood: A time-varying mixture approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 261:119766. [PMID: 39127330 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental phenols were recognized as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, their impact on childhood anthropometric measures and blood pressure (BP) is still inconclusive. Limited studies have simultaneously considered prenatal and childhood exposures in analyzing mixtures of phenols. OBJECTIVE We investigated the relationships between combined prenatal and childhood exposures (two periodic exposures) to phenol mixtures and anthropometric measure and BP, to further identify the vulnerable periods of phenol exposure and to explore the important individual contribution of each phenol. METHODS We analyzed 434 mother-child dyads from the Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study (SMBCS). The urinary concentrations of 11 phenolic compounds were measured using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Generalized linear regression models (GLMs) and hierarchical Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (hBKMR) were used to examine the effects of individual phenolic compounds at each period and of two periodic exposures. RESULTS In the single-chemical analysis, prenatal or childhood exposure to specific phenols, especially Benzopheone-3 (BP3), 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-tOP), and Benzyl paraben (BePB) were associated with BMI z-scores (BAZ), Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and BP. In the hBKMR models, two periodic exposures to phenol mixtures had a U-shaped association with WHtR, primarily driven by childhood BePB exposure. Moreover, among the phenol mixtures analysis, childhood 4-tOP exposure was identified as the primary contributor to the positive association with diastolic BP. Concurrent exposure to phenol mixtures resulted in greater susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS We found that prenatal and childhood exposure to phenol mixtures might influence childhood obesity and elevate blood pressure levels. Concurrent exposure to 4-tOP may be the primary driver of the positive associations with BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Dai
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiayun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianqiu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| | - Dasheng Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 1380 Zhongshan West Road, Shanghai, 200336, China
| | - Xiuli Chang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chunhua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of National Health Commission, School of Public Health, Fudan University, No.130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Fernández-Arribas J, Callejas-Martos S, Balasch A, Moreno T, Eljarrat E. Simultaneous analysis of several plasticizer classes in different matrices by on-line turbulent flow chromatography-LC-MS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05593-2. [PMID: 39425761 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05593-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 10/04/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
The development of methodologies for the determination of plasticizers is essential for assessing the environmental and human impact resulting from the use of plastics. A fast analytical method with on-line purification based on turbulent flow chromatography (TFC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS) has been developed for the analysis of ten phthalates, four alternative plasticizers (including adipates and citrates), and 20 organophosphate esters (OPEs). The method has been validated for the determination of plasticizers across different matrices. Analytical parameters showed acceptable recoveries ranging between 50 and 125%, RSDs lower than 20%, and mLODs of 0.001-2.08 ng g-1 wet weight (ww), 0.002-0.30 ng g-1, and 0.001-0.93 ng m-3 for foodstuffs, face masks, and ambient air, respectively. These methodologies were applied to foodstuff samples purchased in grocery stores, reusable and self-filtering masks, and indoor air measured in different locations. Plasticizers were detected in all the analyzed samples, with values up to 22.0 μg g-1 ww, 6.78 μg g-1, and 572 ng m-3 for foodstuffs, face masks, and indoor air, respectively. The contribution of each family to the total plasticizer content varied between 1.3 and 87%, 0.5 and 98%, and 0.5 and 65% for phthalates, alternative plasticizers, and OPEs, respectively. These findings highlighted the need for analytical methodologies capable of simultaneously assessing a wide number of plasticizers with minimal extraction steps. This capability is crucial in order to obtain more conclusive insights into the impact of these pollutants on both the environment and human health, arising from different sources of exposure such as foodstuffs, plastic materials, and atmospheric air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Fernández-Arribas
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandra Callejas-Martos
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Balasch
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Moreno
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Assens M, Frederiksen H, Pedersen AT, Petersen JH, Andersson AM, Sundberg K, Jensen LN, Curtin P, Skakkebæk NE, Swan SH, Main KM. Prenatal phthalate exposure and pubertal development in 16-year-old daughters: reproductive hormones and number of ovarian follicles. Hum Reprod 2024:deae229. [PMID: 39385341 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deae229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there a possible association between prenatal phthalate exposure and late effects in teenage daughters with respect to reproductive hormone levels, uterine volume, and number of ovarian follicles? SUMMARY ANSWER Our study showed subtle associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations in maternal serum from pregnancy or cord blood and LH and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels as well as uterine volume in their daughters 16 years later. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Endocrine-disrupting environmental chemicals may adversely affect human reproductive health, and many societies have experienced a trend toward earlier puberty and an increasing prevalence of infertility in young couples. The scientific evidence of adverse effects of foetal exposure to a large range of chemicals, including phthalates, on male reproductive health is growing, but very few studies have explored effects on female reproduction. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This follow-up study included 317 teenage daughters who were part of the Copenhagen Mother-Child Cohort, a population-based longitudinal birth cohort of 1210 females born between 1997 and 2002. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS A total of 317 female participants (median age 16 years) were examined for weight, height, and menstrual pattern. A serum sample was analysed for concentrations of reproductive hormones, and trans-abdominal 3D ultrasonography was performed to obtain the number of ovarian follicles, ovarian and uterine size. Prenatal maternal serum samples were available for 115 females, and cord blood samples were available for 118 females. These were analysed for concentrations of 32 phthalate metabolites. Weighted quantile sum regression was used for modelling associations of combined prenatal phthalate exposure with the reproductive outcomes in post-menarcheal females. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In bivariate correlation analyses, negative significant associations were found between several prenatal phthalate metabolite concentrations and serum hormone concentrations (testosterone, 17-OH-progesterone, and IGF-1) as well as number of ovarian follicles in puberty. Positive significant correlations were found between prenatal phthalate exposure and FSH and sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations. Combined analyses of phthalate exposure (weighted quantile sums) showed significant negative associations with IGF-1 concentration and uterine volume as well as a significant positive association with LH concentration. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Phthalate metabolites were measured in serum from single prenatal maternal blood samples and cord blood samples. Potential concomitant exposure to other endocrine-disrupting environmental chemicals before or after birth was not controlled for. The study population size was limited. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results support the need for further research into possible adverse effects of environmental chemicals during foetal development of the female reproductive system. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The work was supported by The Center on Endocrine Disruptors (CeHoS) under The Danish Environmental Protection Agency and The Ministry of Environment and Food (grant number: MST-621-00 065). No conflicts of interest are declared. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assens
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research & Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research & Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Tønnes Pedersen
- Department of Gynaecology, The Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Holm Petersen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research & Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin Sundberg
- Department of Obstetrics, Center of Fetal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lisa Neerup Jensen
- Department of Obstetrics, Center of Fetal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Curtin
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Niels E Skakkebæk
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research & Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shanna H Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katharina M Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research & Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction & Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mondal S, Bandyopadhyay A. Antioxidants in mitigating phthalate-induced male reproductive toxicity: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143297. [PMID: 39245218 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, widely used as plasticizers, have been increasingly linked to male reproductive toxicity through mechanisms including oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, inflammation, and apoptosis. This comprehensive review evaluates the protective role of various antioxidants in mitigating the detrimental effects of phthalates such as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), and monobutyl phthalate (MBP) on male reproductive health. Antioxidants such as lycopene, ellagic acid, genistein, and selenium compounds exhibit significant efficacy in counteracting phthalate-induced damage by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhancing endogenous antioxidant defenses, reducing inflammatory responses, and preventing apoptosis. Lycopene demonstrates broad-spectrum protective effects, particularly through its high ROS-scavenging capacity and ability to preserve mitochondrial function. Ellagic acid effectively ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation, while genistein enhances the Nrf2 pathway and restores hormonal balance, offering robust protection against reproductive toxicity. Selenium compounds improve antioxidant enzyme activities, providing essential support against oxidative damage. These findings underscore the potential of antioxidants as therapeutic agents against phthalate-induced male reproductive dysfunction. Future research should focus on optimizing antioxidant combinations, understanding dose-response relationships, and assessing long-term efficacy and safety to develop effective interventions for safeguarding male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirsha Mondal
- Department of Zoology, Govt College Dhimarkheda (Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya), Katni, 483 332, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Arindam Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Freire C, Castiello F, Babarro I, Anguita-Ruiz A, Casas M, Vrijheid M, Sarzo B, Beneito A, Kadawathagedara M, Philippat C, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Lopez-Espinosa MJ. Association of prenatal exposure to phthalates and synthetic phenols with pubertal development in three European cohorts. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 261:114418. [PMID: 38968838 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited epidemiological evidence on the association of prenatal exposure to phthalates and synthetic phenols with altered pubertal timing. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of prenatal exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A (BPA), parabens, benzophenone 3 (BP-3), and triclosan (TCS) with pubertal development in girls and boys from three European cohorts. METHODS Urinary metabolites of six different phthalate diesters (DEP, DiBP, DnBP, BBzP, DEHP, and DiNP), BPA, methyl- (MePB), ethyl- (EtPB), propyl- (PrPB), and butyl-paraben (BuPB), BP-3, and TCS were quantified in one or two (1st and 3rd trimester) urine samples collected during pregnancy (1999-2008) from mothers in three birth cohorts: INMA (Spain), EDEN (France), and MoBa (Norway). Pubertal development of their children was assessed at a single visit at age 7-12 years (579 girls, 644 boys) using the parent-reported Pubertal Development Scale (PDS). Mixed-effect Poisson and g-computation and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) were employed to examine associations of individual and combined prenatal chemical exposure, respectively, with the probability of overall pubertal onset, adrenarche, and gonadarche (stage 2+) in girls and boys. Effect modification by child body mass index (BMI) was also assessed. RESULTS Maternal concentrations of the molar sum of DEHP and of DiNP metabolites were associated with a slightly higher probability of having started puberty in boys (relative risk, RR [95% CI] = 1.13 [0.98-1.30] and 1.20 [1.06-1.34], respectively, for a two-fold increase in concentrations), with a stronger association for DiNP in boys with overweight or obesity. In contrast, BPA, BuPB, EtPB, and PrPB were associated with a lower probability of pubertal onset, adrenarche, and/or gonadarche in all boys (e.g. overall puberty, BPA: RR [95% CI] = 0.93 [0.85-1.01] and BuPB: 0.95 [0.90-1.00], respectively), and the association with BPA was stronger in boys with underweight/normal weight. In girls, MEHP and BPA were associated with delayed gonadarche in those with underweight/normal weight (RR [95% CI] = 0.86 [0.77-0.95] and 0.90 [0.84-0.97], respectively). Most of these associations were trimester specific. However, the chemical mixture was not associated with any pubertal outcome in boys or girls. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to certain phthalates and synthetic phenols such as BPA may impact the pubertal development of boys, and weight status may modify this effect. BPA may also alter the pubertal development of girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Freire
- Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012, Granada, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francesca Castiello
- Pediatric Unit, Germans Trias I Pujol University Hospital, 08916, Badalona, Spain
| | - Izaro Babarro
- Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EU), 20014, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, 20014, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08005, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Sarzo
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Jaume I University-University of Valencia, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Beneito
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Jaume I University-University of Valencia, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manik Kadawathagedara
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, 75004, Paris, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0456, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria-Jose Lopez-Espinosa
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Jaume I University-University of Valencia, 46020, Valencia, Spain; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Chiropody, University of Valencia, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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Gonkowski S, Tzatzarakis M, Kadyralieva N, Vakonaki E, Lamprakis T. Exposure assessment of dairy cows to parabens using hair samples analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14291. [PMID: 38906953 PMCID: PMC11192892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Parabens (PBs) are used as preservatives in various products. They pollute the environment and penetrate living organisms, showing endocrine disrupting activity. Till now studies on long-term exposure of farm animals to PBs have not been performed. Among matrices using in PBs biomonitoring hair samples are becoming more and more important. During this study concentration levels of methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), propyl paraben (PrP) butyl paraben (BuP) and benzyl paraben (BeP) were evaluated using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in hair samples collected from dairy cows bred in the Kyrgyz Republic. MeP was noted in 93.8% of samples (with mean concentration levels 62.2 ± 61.8 pg/mg), PrP in 16.7% of samples (12.4 ± 6.5 pg/mg) and EtP in 8.3% of samples (21.4 ± 11.9 pg/mg). BuP was found only in one sample (2.1%) and BeP was not detected in any sample included in the study. Some differences in MeP concentration levels in the hair samples depending on district, where cows were bred were noted. This study has shown that among PBs, dairy cows are exposed mainly to MeP, and hair samples may be a suitable matrix for research on PBs levels in farm animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Gonkowski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-957, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Nariste Kadyralieva
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Veterinary Faculty, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Thomas Lamprakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Wang L, Liu X, Zhao M, Li F, Liu J. Disruption of gonadotropin hormone biosynthesis by parabens: A potential development and reproduction-associated adverse outcome pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 347:123716. [PMID: 38458526 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Parabens are widely used as antibacterial preservatives in foods and personal care products. The knowledge about the modes of toxic action of parabens on development and reproduction remain very limited. The present study attempted to establish a development and reproduction-associated adverse outcome pathway (AOP) by evaluating the effects of methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP) and butylparaben (BP) on the biosynthesis of gonadotropins, which are key hormones for development and reproduction. MP and BP significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in pituitary gonadotropic cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Activation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) was required for gonadotropin biosynthesis induced by BP, but not MP. Molecular docking data further demonstrated the higher binding efficiency of BP to human GnRHR than that of MP, suggesting GnRHR as a potential molecular initiative event (MIE) for BP-induced gonadotropin production. L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) were found to be another candidate for MIE in gonadotropic cells response to both MP and BP exposure. The calcium-dependent activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 was subsequently required for MP- and BP-induced activation of GnRHR and L-type VGCCs pathways. In summary, MP and BP promoted gonadotropin biosynthesis through their interactions with cellular macromolecules GnRHR, L-type VGCCs, and subsequent key event ERK1/2. This is the first study to report the direct interference of parabens with gonadotropin biosynthesis and establish a potential AOP based on pathway-specific mechanism, which contributes to the effective screening of environmental chemicals with developmental and reproductive health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linping Wang
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaochen Liu
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Manqi Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feixue Li
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Organ Development and Regeneration, Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Institute of Environmental Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Xiao H, Hu L, Tang T, Zhong J, Xu Q, Cai X, Xiang F, Yang P, Mei H, Zhou A. Prenatal phthalate exposure and neurodevelopmental differences in twins at 2 years of age. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:533. [PMID: 38378488 PMCID: PMC10880363 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17946-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of singletons evaluating prenatal phthalate exposure and early neurodevelopment reported mixed results and the associations could be biased by parental, obstetrical, and genetic factors. METHODS A co-twin control design was employed to test whether prenatal phthalate exposure was associated with children's neurocognitive development. We collected information from 97 mother-twin pairs enrolled in the Wuhan Twin Birth Cohort between March 2016 and October 2018. Fourteen phthalate metabolites were measured in maternal urine collected at each trimester. Neurodevelopmental differences in twins at the age of two were examined as the outcome of interest. Multiple informant model was used to examine the covariate-adjusted associations of prenatal phthalate exposure with mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) scores assessed at 2 years of age based on Bayley Scales of Infant Development (Second Edition). This model also helps to identify the exposure window of susceptibility. RESULTS Maternal urinary levels of mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) (β = 1.91, 95% CI: 0.43, 3.39), mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) (β = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.33, 2.79), and the sum of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (∑DEHP) (β = 1.85, 95% CI: 0.39, 3.31) during the first trimester showed the strongest and significant positive associations with intra-twin MDI difference. When stratified with twin chorionicity, the positive associations of monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), individual DEHP metabolites, and ∑DEHP exposure during pregnancy with intra-twin neurodevelopmental differences were more significant in monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins than those in dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) twins. CONCLUSIONS Neurodevelopmental differences in MCDA twins were strongly associated with prenatal phthalate exposure. Our findings warrant further confirmation in longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Liqin Hu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Operating Room, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jufang Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Delivery Room, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Cai
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Feiyan Xiang
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hong Mei
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Aifen Zhou
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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9
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Du H, Li J, Wei X, Yang D, Zhang B, Fan X, Zhao M, Zhu R, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Gu N. Methylparaben induces hepatic glycolipid metabolism disorder by activating the IRE1α-XBP1 signaling pathway in male mice. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108445. [PMID: 38262168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Methylparaben (MP), a preservative widely used in daily supplies, exists in both the environment and the human body. However, the potential health risks posed by MP remain unclear. This study aimed to unravel the mechanisms by which MP disrupts glucose and lipid homeostasis. For this, we administered MP to mice and observed changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. MP exposure led to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, visceral organ injury, and hepatic lipid accumulation. RNA sequencing results from mice livers indicated a close association between MP exposure and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammatory response, and glucose and lipid homeostasis. Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that MP activated ER stress, particularly the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) pathway, which further promoted the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. The activation of these pathways phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) (ser 307), resulting in decreased phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) (ser 473), leading to insulin resistance. Additionally, MP exposure promoted lipogenesis through ER stress. To explore potential remedies, we administered the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) and the IRE1α-XBP1 pathway inhibitor toyocamycin to mice, both of which protected against metabolic disorders and organ injury caused by MP. These findings suggest that MP induces disruptions in glucose and lipid metabolism through ER stress, primarily through the IRE1α-XBP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Du
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiangjuan Wei
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Daqian Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xingpei Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Meimei Zhao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, China.
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10
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Zhu RG, Pan CG, Peng FJ, Zhou CY, Hu JJ, Yu K. Parabens and their metabolite in a marine benthic-dominated food web from the Beibu gulf, South China Sea: Occurrence, trophic transfer and health risk assessment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 248:120841. [PMID: 37952329 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are of particular concern due to their ubiquity in aquatic environments and endocrine-disrupting effects. However, information on their bioaccumulation and trophic magnification is limited. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive survey to investigate the occurrence, bioaccumulation and trophic magnification of parabens and their metabolite 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HB) in a marine food web from the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. Results showed that methylparaben (MeP) and 4-HB were the predominant target pollutants in marine organisms, with their concentrations being in the range of 0.18-13.77 and 13.48-222.24 ng/g wet weight, respectively. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for target analytes were all lower than 5000, suggesting negligible bioaccumulation. However, the biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) for MeP and 4-HB were 4.51 and 3.21, respectively, which indicates significant bioaccumulation from the sediment. Furthermore, the estimated trophic magnification factor (TMF) was 2.88 for MeP, suggesting its biomagnification along the food web. In contrast, a lower TMF of 0.45 was found for 4-HB, suggesting trophic dilution along the food web. The hazard quotients (HQs) for parabens were far less than 1 in all organisms, suggesting low risks for humans through consuming marine organisms from the Beibu Gulf. This study provides substantial data on the fate and trophic transfer of parabens in a subtropical marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Gui Zhu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chang-Gui Pan
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
| | - Feng-Jiao Peng
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Chao-Yang Zhou
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jun-Jie Hu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Kefu Yu
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
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11
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Yöntem FD, Ayaz S, Bulut Ş, Aldoğan EH, Ahbab MA. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and pro-inflammatory responses induced by phthalate metabolites monoethylhexyl phthalate and monobutyl phthalate in 1.1B4 pancreatic beta cells. Toxicology 2024; 501:153695. [PMID: 38048874 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, phthalates and their metabolites have been associated with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. To investigate the effects of phthalate metabolites exposure on insulin production and release, 1.1B4 pancreatic beta cells were treated with different concentrations (0.001-1000 µM) of monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) and monobutyl phthalate (MBP). For such purpose, the 1.1B4 cells were evaluated for their viability, apoptosis rate, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), oxidative stress, ER stress status, in addition to their secretory functions. MEHP, not MBP, exhibited a notable reduction in metabolic viability, particularly at higher concentrations (500 and 1000 µM) following 24-hour exposure. Similarly, both MEHP and MBP induced decreased metabolic viability at high concentrations after 48- and 72-hour exposure. Notably, neither MEHP nor MBP demonstrated a significant impact on apoptosis rates after 24-hour exposure, and MBP induced mild necrosis at 1000 µM concentration. Cell proliferation rates, indicated by PCNA expression, decreased with 10 and 1000 µM MEHP and 0.1 and 10 µM MBP exposures. LMP analysis revealed an increase in 1000 µM MBP group. Exposure to 0.001 µM of both MEHP and MBP significantly reduced cellular glutathione (GSH) levels. No significant change in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and ΔΨm was observed, but MBP-exposed cells exhibited elevated levels of lipid peroxidation. Functional assessments of pancreatic beta cells unveiled reduced insulin secretion at low glucose concentrations following exposure to both MEHP and MBP, with concurrent alterations in the expression levels of key proteins associated with beta cell function, including GLUT1, GCK, PDX1, and MafA. Moreover, MEHP and MBP exposures were associated with alterations in ER stress-related pathways, including JNK, GADD153, and NF-κB expression, as well as PPARα and PPARγ levels. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive insights into the diverse impacts of MEHP and MBP on 1.1B4 pancreatic beta cells, emphasizing their potential role in modulating cell survival, metabolic function, and stress response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Dal Yöntem
- Koç University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Istanbul, Turkey; Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sinem Ayaz
- Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa, Institute of Graduate Studies, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey; Haliç University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şeyma Bulut
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul, Turkey; Bezmialem Vakıf University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Müfide Aydoğan Ahbab
- University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Hamidiye Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul, Turkey.
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12
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Barrett ES, Day DB, Szpiro A, Peng J, Loftus CT, Ziausyte U, Kannan K, Trasande L, Zhao Q, Nguyen RHN, Swan S, Karr CJ, LeWinn KZ, Sathyanarayana S, Bush NR. Prenatal exposures to phthalates and life events stressors in relation to child behavior at age 4-6: A combined cohort analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108425. [PMID: 38199129 PMCID: PMC10863744 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal exposures to chemical and psychosocial stressors can impact the developing brain, but few studies have examined their joint effects. We examined associations between prenatal phthalate exposures and child behavior, hypothesizing that prenatal stressful life events (PSLEs) may exacerbate risks. To do so, we harmonized data from three U.S. pregnancy cohorts comprising the ECHO-PATHWAYS consortium. Phthalate metabolites were measured in single mid-pregnancy urine samples. When children were ages 4-6 years, mothers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), from which a Total Problems score was calculated. Mothers additionally provided recall on their exposure to 14 PSLEs during pregnancy. Primary models examined problem behaviors in relation to: (1) phthalate mixtures calculated through weighted quantile sums regression with permutation test-derived p-values; and (2) joint exposure to phthalate mixtures and PSLEs (counts) using interaction terms. We subsequently refitted models stratified by child sex. Secondarily, we fit linear and logistic regression models examining individual phthalate metabolites. In our main, fully adjusted models (n = 1536 mother-child dyads), we observed some evidence of weak main effects of phthalate mixtures on problem behaviors in the full cohort and stratified by child sex. Interaction models revealed unexpected relationships whereby greater gestational exposure to PSLEs predicted reduced associations between some phthalates (e.g., the metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-octyl phthalate, di-iso-nonyl phthalate) and problem behaviors, particularly in males. Few associations were observed in females. Additional research is needed to replicate results and examine potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Drew B Day
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Adam Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - James Peng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Christine T Loftus
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ugne Ziausyte
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | | | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ruby H N Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Shanna Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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13
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Philibert P, Stévant I, Déjardin S, Girard M, Sellem E, Durix Q, Messager A, Gonzalez AA, Mialhe X, Pruvost A, Poulat F, Boizet-Bonhoure B. Intergenerational effects on fertility in male and female mice after chronic exposure to environmental doses of NSAIDs and 17α-ethinylestradiol mixtures. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 182:114085. [PMID: 37844793 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) are extensively used in human and veterinary medicine. Due to their partial removal by wastewater treatment plants, they are frequent environmental contaminants, particularly in drinking water. Here, we investigated the adverse outcomes of chronic exposure to mixtures of NSAIDs (ibuprofen, 2hydroxy-ibuprofen, diclofenac) and EE2 at two environmentally relevant doses in drinking water, on the reproductive organ development and fertility in F1-exposed male and female mice and in their F2 offspring. In male and female F1 mice, which were exposed to these mixtures, reproductive organ maturation, estrous cyclicity, and spermiogenesis were altered. These defects were observed also in F2 animals, in addition to some specific sperm parameter alterations in F2 males. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression patterns and associated pathways implicated in testis and ovarian physiology. Chronic exposure of mice to NSAID and EE2 mixtures at environmental doses intergenerationally affected male and female fertility (i.e. total number of pups and time between litters). Our study provides new insights into the adverse effects of these pharmaceuticals on the reproductive health and will facilitate the implementation of a future regulatory environmental risk assessment of NSAIDs and EE2 for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Philibert
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Carèmeau, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.
| | - Isabelle Stévant
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 5290002, Israel.
| | - Stéphanie Déjardin
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France.
| | - Mélissa Girard
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France
| | - Eli Sellem
- Research and Development Department, Allice, Biology of Reproduction, INRA Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Quentin Durix
- IExplore-RAM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France.
| | - Aurélie Messager
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour La Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | | | - Xavier Mialhe
- MGX-Montpellier GenomiX, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Alain Pruvost
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour La Santé (DMTS), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Francis Poulat
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France.
| | - Brigitte Boizet-Bonhoure
- Développement et Pathologie de La Gonade, Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de La Recherche Scientifique, Université de Montpellier UMR9002, Montpellier, France.
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14
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Zhang Y, Sun L, Zhang D, Gao Y, Ma H, Xue Y, Zhang M. Butylparaben weakens female fertility via causing oocyte meiotic arrest and fertilization failure in mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115561. [PMID: 37837697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Butylparaben is an ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptor, that is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care product due to its anti-microbial properties. Butylparaben has been shown to cause developmental toxicity, endocrine and metabolic disorders and immune diseases. However, little is known about the impact on female fertility, especially oocyte quality. In the present study, we reported that butylparaben influenced female fertility by showing the disturbed oocyte meiotic capacity and fertilization potential. Specifically, butylparaben results in the oocyte maturation arrest by impairing spindle/chromosome structure and microtubule stability. Besides, butylparaben results in fertilization failure by impairing the dynamics of Juno and ovastacin and the sperm binding ability. Last, single-cell transcriptome analysis showed that butylparaben-induced oocyte deterioration was caused by mitochondrial dysfunction, which led to the accumulation of ROS and occurrence of apoptosis. Collectively, our study indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and redox perturbation is the major cause of the weakened female fertility expoesd to butylparaben.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of WanBei Coal Group, Suzhou 234000, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230036, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Huijie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanfeng Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Mianqun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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15
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Merrill AK, Sobolewski M, Susiarjo M. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals impacts immunological and metabolic status of women during pregnancy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 577:112031. [PMID: 37506868 PMCID: PMC10592265 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa K Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Martha Susiarjo
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA.
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16
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Li S, Sheng Y, Xiao S, Liu Q, Sun K. Exolaccase Propels Humification to Decontaminate Bisphenol A and Create Humic-like Biostimulants. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37470251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Exolaccase-propelled humification (E-PH) helps eliminate phenolic pollutants and produce macromolecular precipitates. Herein, we investigated the influencing mechanism of 12 humic precursors (HPs) on exolaccase-enabled bisphenol A (BPA) decontamination and humification. Catechol, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, and gentian acid not only expedited BPA removal but also created large amounts of copolymeric precipitates. These precipitates had rich functional groups similar to natural humic substances, which presented great aromatic and acidic characteristics. The releasing amounts of BPA monomer from four precipitates were 0.08-12.87% at pH 2.0-11.0, suggesting that BPA-HP copolymers had pH stability. More excitingly, certain copolymeric precipitates could stimulate the growth and development of radish seedlings. The radish growth-promotion mechanisms of copolymers were involved in two aspects: (1) Copolymers interacted with root exudates to accelerate nutrient uptake; (2) Copolymers released auxins to provoke radish growth. These results may provide an innovative strategy for decontaminating phenolic pollutants and yielding humic-like biostimulants in E-PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yuehui Sheng
- Suzhou Zhongsheng Environmental Remediation Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215104, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenghua Xiao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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17
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Hu Y, Chen H, Tian Y, Wu D, Vinturache A, Ding G, Yu G. Association of parabens and bisphenols with lung function in children aged 5-12 years from Shanghai, China. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 252:114210. [PMID: 37348164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported potential effects of individual paraben or bisphenol exposure on lung function, but few studies have estimated their joint effects. We conducted a cross sectional survey to investigate the associations of parabens and bisphenols exposure with lung function in 205 children aged 5-12 years from Shanghai, China. Urinary concentrations of six parabens [methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl-, and heptyl-paraben (MeP, EtP, PrP, BuP, BzP, and HeP)] and seven bisphenols [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol P (BPP), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol Z (BPZ)] were assessed by the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Lung function, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75%), was further measured. Linear regression, bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum regression (WQS) evaluated the individual and joint relationships of the parabens and bisphenols with the lung function parameters. Further, the analysis was stratified by child sex. Parabens (MeP, EtP, PrP, and BuP) and bisphenols (BPA, BPAP, BPB, and BPS) with detection rates >75% were included for analyses. In linear regressions, parabens (MeP, PrP, and BuP) were generally negatively associated with FEV1, FVC, PEF, and FEF25-75%, but no associations for bisphenols were found. The association of parabens with lung function was more pronounced in girls. The aforementioned negative associations between parabens and lung function were confirmed by both the BKMR and WQS, with MeP being considered most heavily weighing chemical. Our findings suggested that exposure to parabens, either individuals or as a mixture, were associated with decreased lung function in children aged 5-12 years, and these associations were stronger among girls. Considering the cross-sectional study design, large longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Center for Medical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Child Health Management, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Center for Medical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Angela Vinturache
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Guodong Ding
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guangjun Yu
- Center for Medical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Mariana M, Cairrao E. The Relationship between Phthalates and Diabetes: A Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:746. [PMID: 37367903 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of their production, in the 1930s, phthalates have been widely used in the plastics industry to provide durability and elasticity to polymers that would otherwise be rigid, or as solvents in hygiene and cosmetic products. Taking into account their wide range of applications, it is easy to understand why their use has been increasing over the years, making them ubiquitous in the environment. This way, all living organisms are easily exposed to these compounds, which have already been classified as endocrine disruptor compounds (EDC), affecting hormone homeostasis. Along with this increase in phthalate-containing products, the incidence of several metabolic diseases has also been rising, namely diabetes. That said, and considering that factors such as obesity and genetics are not enough to explain this substantial increase, it has been proposed that the exposure to environmental contaminants may also be a risk factor for diabetes. Thus, the aim of this work is to review whether there is an association between the exposure to phthalates and the development of the several forms of diabetes mellitus, during pregnancy, childhood, and adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Mariana
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique s/n, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique s/n, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- FCS-UBI-Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
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19
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Mosaoa RM, Kumosani TA, Yaghmoor SS, Rihan S, Moselhy SS. Rhus tripartite methanolic extract alleviates propylparaben-induced reproductive toxicity via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, 5-α reductase in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27802-8. [PMID: 37249771 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Evidence showed that herbal medicine could be beneficial for protection against diseases that may be exist in consequence of exposure to environmental toxicants. Propylparaben (PrP) is used as preservative in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. It is classified as one of endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs). This study evaluated the protective effect of Rhus tripartita methanolic extract (RTME) against reproductive toxicity induced by PrP in male rats. A total of 60 Wister albino rats were divided into four groups (15 rats for each group). Group I (control): rats received the vehicle (DMSO), group II: normal rats received RTME (10 mg/kg/day), group III: rats received PrP (10 mg/kg/day), and group IV: rats received PrP (10 mg/kg/day) and RTME (10 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and 5α-reductase were analyzed in sera. Data obtained showed a significant reduction in the levels of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and 5α- reductase in rats given PrP versus control (p < 0.001) and RTME treatment improved these parameters but not returned to normal. Data obtained showed a significant elevation in levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the testis of rats given PrP versus control (p < 0.001), these inflammatory mediators were significant reduced in rats treated with RTME compared with untreated rats (p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between level of DHT and antioxidant enzymes activities (r = 0.56). A significant elevation in the levels of MDA with reduction in the activities of GST, GSPx, SOD, and catalase (p < 0.001) in rat testicular tissues of PrP group versus control (p < 0.001) was found. Treatment with RTME significantly reduced the levels of MDA and enhanced activities of GST, GSPx, SOD, and catalase (p < 0.001) compared to untreated group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the active ingredient components of RTME abrogate the toxicity of PrP by exhibiting antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, enhancing 5-α reductase with improved hormonal status against PrP- induced testicular damage. Toxicity of propylparaben, and effect of Rhus tripartita methanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami M Mosaoa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soonham S Yaghmoor
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Rihan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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20
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Mariana M, Castelo-Branco M, Soares AM, Cairrao E. Phthalates' exposure leads to an increasing concern on cardiovascular health. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 457:131680. [PMID: 37269565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Being an essential component in the plastics industry, phthalates are ubiquitous in the environment and in everyday life. They are considered environmental contaminants that have been classified as endocrine-disrupting compounds. Despite di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) being the most common plasticizer and the most studied to date, there are many others that, in addition to being widely used in the plastic, are also applied in the medical and pharmaceutical industries and cosmetics. Due to their wide use, phthalates are easily absorbed by the human body where they can disrupt the endocrine system by binding to molecular targets and interfering with hormonal homeostasis. Thus, phthalates exposure has been implicated in the development of several diseases in different age groups. Collecting information from the most recent available literature, this review aims to relate human phthalates' exposure with the development of cardiovascular diseases throughout all ages. Overall, most of the studies presented demonstrated an association between phthalates and several cardiovascular diseases, either from prenatal or postnatal exposure, affecting foetuses, infants, children, young and older adults. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly explored. Thus, considering the cardiovascular diseases incidence worldwide and the constant human exposure to phthalates, this topic should be extensively studied to understand the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Mariana
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; FCS-UBI - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M Soares
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; FCS-UBI - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
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21
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Weng X, Zhu Q, Liao C, Jiang G. Cumulative Exposure to Phthalates and Their Alternatives and Associated Female Reproductive Health: Body Burdens, Adverse Outcomes, and Underlying Mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37196176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The global birth rate has recently shown a decreasing trend, and exposure to environmental pollutants has been identified as a potential factor affecting female reproductive health. Phthalates have been widely used as plasticizers in plastic containers, children's toys, and medical devices, and their ubiquitous presence and endocrine-disrupting potential have already raised particular concerns. Phthalate exposure has been linked to various adverse health outcomes, including reproductive diseases. Given that many phthalates are gradually being banned, a growing number of phthalate alternatives are becoming popular, such as di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), and di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP), and they are beginning to have a wide range of environmental effects. Studies have shown that many phthalate alternatives may disrupt female reproductive function by altering the estrous cycle, causing ovarian follicular atresia, and prolonging the gestational cycle, which raises growing concerns about their potential health risks. Herein, we summarize the effects of phthalates and their common alternatives in different female models, the exposure levels that influence the reproductive system, and the effects on female reproductive impairment, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and offspring development. Additionally, we scrutinize the effects of phthalates and their alternatives on hormone signaling, oxidative stress, and intracellular signaling to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on female reproductive health, because these chemicals may affect reproductive tissues directly or indirectly through endocrine disruption. Given the declining global trends of female reproductive capacity and the potential ability of phthalates and their alternatives to negatively impact female reproductive health, a more comprehensive study is needed to understand their effects on the human body and their underlying mechanisms. These findings may have an important role in improving female reproductive health and in turn decreasing the number of complications during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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22
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Zhang D, Lu S. A holistic review on triclosan and triclocarban exposure: Epidemiological outcomes, antibiotic resistance, and health risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 872:162114. [PMID: 36764530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are antimicrobials that are widely applied in personal care products, textiles, and plastics. TCS and TCC exposure at low doses may disturb hormone levels and even facilitate bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In the post-coronavirus disease pandemic era, chronic health effects and the spread of antibiotic resistance genes associated with TCS and TCC exposure represent an increasing concern. This study sought to screen and review the exposure levels and sources and changes after the onset of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, potential health outcomes, bacterial resistance and cross-resistance, and health risk assessment tools associated with TCS and TCC exposure. Daily use of antimicrobial products accounts for most observed associations between internal exposure and diseases, while secondary exposure at trace levels mainly lead to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. The roles of altered gut microbiota in multi-system toxicities warrant further attention. Sublethal dose of TCC selects ARGs without obviously increasing tolerance to TCC. But TCS induce persistent TCS resistance and reversibly select antibiotic resistance, which highlights the benefits of minimizing its use. To derive reference doses (RfDs) for humans, more sensitive endpoints observed in populational studies need to be confirmed using toxicological tests. Additionally, the human equivalent dose is recommended to be incorporated into the health risk assessment to reduce uncertainty of extrapolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
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23
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Li C, Xu S, Guan DX, Chen XX, He H. Human nails as a valuable noninvasive alternative for estimating exposure to parabens. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114789. [PMID: 36933484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of human to parabens (commonly used preservatives) is inevitable due to their extensively applied in numerous consumer products. Thus, a reliable noninvasive matrix reflecting long-term exposure to parabens is essential for human biomonitoring study. Human nails are potentially a valuable alternative for measuring intergrated exposure to parabens. In this work, we collected 100 paired nail and urine samples from university students in Nanjing, China, and measured simultaneously for six parent parabens and four metabolites. Methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), and propylparaben (PrP) were three predominant paraben analogue in both matrices, with the median concentrations being 12.9, 0.753, and 3.42 ng/mL in urine, and 1540, 154, and 961 ng/g in nail, respectively, while 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HB) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHB) were the most abundant metabolites (median values of 143 and 35.9 ng/mL, respectively) in urine. Gender-related analysis suggested that females exposed to more higher parabens than males. Significantly positive correlations were found between levels of MeP, PrP, EtP, and OH-MeP (r = 0.54-0.62, p < 0.01) in paired urine and nail samples. Our result here suggests that human nails, as an emerging biospecimen, are a potentially valuable biological matrix to evaluate human long-term exposure to parabens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xian-Xian Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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24
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Bräuner EV, Uldbjerg CS, Beck AL, Lim YH, Boye H, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Jensen TK. Prenatal paraben exposures and birth size: Sex-specific associations in a healthy population - A study from the Odense Child Cohort. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161748. [PMID: 36709902 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the sex-specific associations between maternal paraben concentrations in second trimester urine and birth size of the offspring. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 529 mother-child pairs within the Odense Child Cohort. Pregnant women were recruited to the cohort from 2010 to 2012 and provided fasting spot urine samples in second trimester (median 28.7 weeks). Concentrations of methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), iso-propylparaben (i-PrP), n-propylparaben (n-PrP), n-butylparaben (n-BuP) and benzylparaben (BzP) were analyzed by isotope diluted liquid-chromatography tandem-mass-spectrometry and osmolality adjusted. Exposures were categorized into tertiles or above/below level of detection. Data on maternal and birth characteristics were extracted from hospital records. Sex-stratified multiple linear regression analyses were performed according to relevant birth outcomes (length, weight, head/abdominal circumference) adjusting for a priori defined confounders. RESULTS Higher paraben levels were detected in pregnant women who were older, more obese, who smoked and were primigravidae. Generally, higher maternal paraben exposure was consistently associated with lower birth size in female but not in male offspring, but with few substantial or statistically significant. Higher maternal exposure to n-BuP during pregnancy was associated with a statistically significant lower birth size in female offspring only [birth weight: -137 g (95 % CI -256; -19), head circumference: -0.48 cm (95 % CI -0.90; -0.05), abdominal circumference: -0.65 cm (95 % CI -1.21; -0.08)]. No differences in birth size were observed for other parabens. CONCLUSION Higher maternal exposure to n-butylparaben was associated with lower birth size in female but not male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira V Bräuner
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie S Uldbjerg
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid L Beck
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Henriette Boye
- Odense University Hospital, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense Child Cohort, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina K Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Odense University Hospital, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense Child Cohort, Odense, Denmark.
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25
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Ma Y, Li Y, Song X, Yang T, Wang H, Liang Y, Huang L, Zeng H. Endocrine Disruption of Propylparaben in the Male Mosquitofish ( Gambusia affinis): Tissue Injuries and Abnormal Gene Expressions of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal-Liver Axis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3557. [PMID: 36834249 PMCID: PMC9967665 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Propylparaben (PrP) is a widely used preservative that is constantly detected in aquatic environments and poses a potential threat to aquatic ecosystems. In the present work, adult male mosquitofish were acutely (4d) and chronically (32d) exposed to environmentally and humanly realistic concentrations of PrP (0, 0.15, 6.00 and 240 μg/L), aimed to investigate the toxic effects, endocrine disruption and possible mechanisms of PrP. Histological analysis showed time- and dose-dependent manners in the morphological injuries of brain, liver and testes. Histopathological alterations in the liver were found in 4d and severe damage was identified in 32d, including hepatic sinus dilatation, cytoplasmic vacuolation, cytolysis and nuclear aggregation. Tissue impairments in the brain and testes were detected in 32d; cell cavitation, cytomorphosis and blurred cell boundaries appeared in the brain, while the testes lesions contained spermatogenic cell lesion, decreased mature seminal vesicle, sperm cells gathering, seminiferous tubules disorder and dilated intercellular space. Furthermore, delayed spermatogenesis had occurred. The transcriptional changes of 19 genes along the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-liver (HPGL) axis were investigated across the three organs. The disrupted expression of genes such as Ers, Ars, Vtgs, cyp19a, star, hsd3b, hsd17b3 and shh indicated the possible abnormal steroidogenesis, estrogenic or antiandrogen effects of PrP. Overall, the present results provided evidences for the toxigenicity and endocrine disruptive effects on the male mosquitofish of chronic PrP exposure, which highlights the need for more investigations of its potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Haiqin Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Yanpeng Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Honghu Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety Guarantee in Karst Area, Guilin 541000, China
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26
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Xu X, Wu H, Terry PD, Zhao L, Chen J. Impact of Paraben Exposure on Adiposity-Related Measures: An Updated Literature Review of Population-Based Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192316268. [PMID: 36498342 PMCID: PMC9740922 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are alkyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid that are commonly used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Humans are exposed to parabens when they use these products and through diet. There are growing concerns that paraben exposure can adversely impact human health. The endocrine-disrupting and obesogenic properties of parabens have been observed in animal studies and in vitro, prompting the increase in population-based studies of paraben exposure and adiposity-related endpoints. In this review, we summarize epidemiological studies published between 2017 and 2022 that examined paraben exposure in utero, between birth and adolescence, and in adulthood, in relation to adiposity-related measures. Overall, these studies provide some evidence that suggests that paraben exposure, especially during critical development windows, is associated with adiposity-related measures. However, we have noted several limitations in these studies, including the predominance of cross-sectional studies, inconsistent sample collection procedures, and small sample sizes, which should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Xu
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Haoying Wu
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Paul D. Terry
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiangang Chen
- Department of Public Health, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (J.C.)
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Pacyga DC, Talge NM, Gardiner JC, Calafat AM, Schantz SL, Strakovsky RS. Maternal diet quality moderates associations between parabens and birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114078. [PMID: 35964672 PMCID: PMC10052883 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Maternal paraben exposure and diet quality are both independently associated with birth outcomes, but whether these interact is unknown. We assessed sex-specific associations of parabens with birth outcomes and differences by maternal diet quality. METHODS Illinois pregnant women (n = 458) provided five first-morning urines collected at 8-40 weeks gestation, which we pooled for quantification of ethylparaben, methylparaben, and propylparaben concentrations. We collected/measured gestational age at delivery, birth weight, body length, and head circumference within 24 h of birth, and calculated sex-specific birth weight-for-gestational-age z-scores and weight/length ratio. Women completed three-month food frequency questionnaires in early and mid-to-late pregnancy, which we used to calculate the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010. Linear regression models evaluated sex-specific associations of parabens with birth outcomes, and differences in associations by average pregnancy AHEI-2010. RESULTS In this predominately non-Hispanic white, college-educated sample, maternal urinary paraben concentrations were only modestly inversely associated with head circumference and gestational length. However, methylparaben and propylparaben were inversely associated with birth weight, birth weight z-scores, body length, and weight/length ratio in female, but not male newborns. For example, each 2-fold increase in methylparaben concentrations was associated with -46.61 g (95% CI: -74.70, -18.51) lower birth weight, -0.09 (95% CI: -0.15, -0.03) lower birth weight z-scores, -0.21 cm (95% CI: -0.34, -0.07) shorter body length, and -0.64 g/cm (95% CI: -1.10, -0.19) smaller weight/length ratio in females. These inverse associations were more prominent in females of mothers with poorer diets (AHEI-2010 < median), but attenuated in those with healthier diets (AHEI-2010 ≥ median). In newborn males of mothers with healthier diets, moderate inverse associations emerged for propylparaben with gestational length and head circumference. CONCLUSIONS Maternal diet may moderate associations of parabens with birth size in a sex-specific manner. Additional studies may consider understanding the inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms underlying these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Pacyga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Nicole M Talge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Joseph C Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Susan L Schantz
- The Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61802, USA; The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rita S Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Nowak K, Jabłońska E, Garley M, Iwaniuk A, Radziwon P, Wołczyński S, Ratajczak-Wrona W. Investigation of estrogen-like effects of parabens on human neutrophils. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113893. [PMID: 35839909 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the estrogen-like effects and mechanism of action most commonly used parabens: methyl- (MeP), ethyl- (EtP), propyl- (PrP) and butylparaben (BuP) in human neutrophils. Neutrophils were isolated from 50 blood donors, pre-incubated with antagonists of estrogen receptor α (ERα), ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), then incubated with MeP, EtP, PrP, BuP and 17β-estradiol (E2; 10 nM). Cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT test. Neutrophils apoptosis, necrosis and NETs formation were assessed in flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The ability of the neutrophils for chemotaxis, phagocytosis, NADPH oxidase activity and generation of superoxide anion was assessed in Boyden's chamber, Park's method with latex, the NBT test, and reduction of cytochrome C, respectively. The total nitric oxide concentration was measured in neutrophils supernatants by the Griess reaction. The expression of cathepsin G, neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3, ERα, ERβ and GPER was assessed in Western blot method. In our research, parabens did not cause a cytotoxic effect on human neutrophils nor affect their lifespan. Parabens exposure did not change neutrophils functions (chemotaxis, phagocytosis, NETs formation and oxygen-dependent killing mechanism) and expression of estrogen receptors. Our results suggest that parabens do not cause estrogen receptor-mediated neutrophils-related effects at concentrations measured in the plasma of individuals using products preserved with parabens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Radziwon
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Wołczyński
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Golestanzadeh M, Ebrahimpour K, Daniali SS, Zarean E, Yazdi M, Basirat Z, Goodarzi-Khoigani M, Kelishadi R. Association between parabens concentrations in human amniotic fluid and the offspring birth size: A Sub-study of the PERSIAN birth cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113502. [PMID: 35609656 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parabens are extensively used, and cause widespread exposure of the general population including pregnant women and developing fetuses to these pollutants. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the maternal exposure of parabens to study their transfer passed through the placental barrier to amniotic fluid; the second objective was to determine the association of paraben concentration in the amniotic fluid with the offspring birth size. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to March 2021 in Isfahan, Iran. Samples of amniotic fluid were collected as set from 128 pregnant women at Cesarean section. The amniotic fluid concentrations of four parabens including methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), and butylparaben (BP) were determined using gas chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (GC-Mass). RESULTS The pointed parabens were extracted from yielded clear supernatant using a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method. Four paraben derivatives including MP (normal: 0.68 ± 0.7; overweight: 1.40 ± 1.76; obese: 0.30 ± 0.26; p-value: 0.275), EP (normal: 0.14 ± 0.09; overweight: 0.72 ± 0.72; obese: 0.38 ± 0.05; p-value: 0.434), PP (normal: 0.05 ± 0.05; overweight: 0.06 ± 0.06; obese: 0.20 ± 0.17; p-value: 0.770), and BP (normal: 2.89 ± 1.80; overweight: 3.89 ± 6.48; obese: 5.80 ± 7.56; p-value: 0.341) were simultaneously detected in samples of maternal amniotic fluid using GC-MS. In 92.2% (n = 118) of pregnant women, the paraben derivatives (MP, EP, PP, BP) were detected. We found that considerable levels of MP, EP, PP, and BP existed in 22.6% (n = 29), 21.9% (n = 28), 29.7% (n = 38), and 85.2% (n = 109) of samples, respectively. In addition, the correlation between paraben concentrations in amniotic fluid and birth size was investigated. The results showed that an inverse significant association between MP and head circumference, chest, hip, and arm circumference. While a positive correlation between MP and height of newborn was observed. Similar correlations were observed for EP and weight, height, head circumference, chest, hip, and arm. CONCLUSION The current study indicated that parabens have been detected in amniotic fluid samples and a strong/possible correlation between exposure of pregnant women to parabens and the birth size of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Golestanzadeh
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Karim Ebrahimpour
- Environment Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyede Shahrbanoo Daniali
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Zarean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Unit, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Yazdi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zohreh Basirat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Unit, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Goodarzi-Khoigani
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Uldbjerg CS, Lim YH, Krause M, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Bräuner EV. Sex-specific associations between maternal exposure to parabens, phenols and phthalates during pregnancy and birth size outcomes in offspring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155565. [PMID: 35508231 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence on the effects of prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals on birth size remains largely inconclusive. We aimed to investigate sex-specific associations between maternal exposure to parabens, phenols and phthalates during pregnancy and birth weight, length and head/abdominal circumferences. We performed a prospective study of 88 pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis in the period 2012 to 2014. Maternal urine samples were collected during pregnancy in weeks 12 to 36 (median: 18 weeks). The concentrations of parabens, phenols and individual phthalate diester metabolites were analyzed by isotope-diluted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and osmolality adjusted. Linear regression models estimated the associations between urinary levels of selected compounds (tertile(T2-T3)medium/high versus T1low exposure) and birth size, stratified by offspring sex. A total of three parabens, two phenols, four individual phthalate metabolites and four sums of diester metabolites were detectable above limits of detection in at least 60% of urine samples. Overall, we observed few statistically significant associations, but medium/high exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) in male offspring was associated with statistically significant lower birth size across most outcomes [birth weight: -428 g (95% CI -756 to -99.4); birth length: -1.76 cm (95% CI -3.28 to -0.25); abdominal circumference: -1.97 cm (95% CI -3.55 to -0.39)]. Similarly, medium/high exposure to methyl paraben (MeP) in male offspring was associated with lower birth weight (-661 g, 95% CI -1251 to -70.7) and length (-3.11 cm, 95% CI -5.76 to -0.46) compared to low exposure. None of these associations were statistically significant in female offspring. Across all compounds, individual exposures were associated with more negative estimates of birth weight for male than for female offspring. Our study indicates that prenatal exposure to BPA and MeP may negatively affect birth size outcomes, with a possible sex effect. Given the small sample size, these findings need to be replicated in future larger studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie S Uldbjerg
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marianna Krause
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elvira V Bräuner
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Developmental Exposure to Endocrine Disrupter DDT Interferes with Age-Related Involution of Thymus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126678. [PMID: 35743120 PMCID: PMC9223823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on the development and involution of the immune system is a possible reason for the increased incidence of disorders associated with inappropriate immune function. The thymus is a lymphoid and also an endocrine organ, and, accordingly, its development and functioning may be impaired by endocrine disruptors. The aim was to evaluate age-related thymus involution in mature rats exposed to the endocrine disruptor DDT during prenatal and postnatal ontogeny. Methodology included in vivo experiment on male Wistar rats exposed to low doses of DDT during prenatal and postnatal development and morphological assessment of thymic involution, including the immunohistochemical detection of proliferating thymocytes. The study was carried out at the early stage of involution. Results: DDT-exposed rats exhibited a normal anatomy, and the relative weight of the thymus was within the control ranges. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations revealed increased cellularity of the cortex and the medulla, higher content of lymphoblasts, and more intensive proliferation rate of thymocytes compared to the control. Evaluation of thymic epithelial cells revealed a higher rate of thymic corpuscles formation. Conclusion: The data obtained indicate that endocrine disrupter DDT disturbs postnatal development of the thymus. Low-dose exposure to DDT during ontogeny does not suppress growth rate but violates the developmental program of the thymus by slowing down the onset of age-related involution and maintaining high cell proliferation rate. It may result in excessive formation of thymus-dependent areas in peripheral lymphoid organs and altered immune response.
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32
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Tanner S, Thomson S, Drummond K, O'Hely M, Symeonides C, Mansell T, Saffery R, Sly PD, Collier F, Burgner D, Sugeng EJ, Dwyer T, Vuillermin P, Ponsonby AL, On Behalf Of The Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group. A Pathway-Based Genetic Score for Oxidative Stress: An Indicator of Host Vulnerability to Phthalate-Associated Adverse Neurodevelopment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:659. [PMID: 35453345 PMCID: PMC9030597 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The developing brain is highly sensitive to environmental disturbances, and adverse exposures can act through oxidative stress. Given that oxidative stress susceptibility is determined partly by genetics, multiple studies have employed genetic scores to explore the role of oxidative stress in human disease. However, traditional approaches to genetic score construction face a range of challenges, including a lack of interpretability, bias towards the disease outcome, and often overfitting to the study they were derived on. Here, we develop an alternative strategy by first generating a genetic pathway function score for oxidative stress (gPFSox) based on the transcriptional activity levels of the oxidative stress response pathway in brain and other tissue types. Then, in the Barwon Infant Study (BIS), a population-based birth cohort (n = 1074), we show that a high gPFSox, indicating reduced ability to counter oxidative stress, is linked to higher autism spectrum disorder risk and higher parent-reported autistic traits at age 4 years, with AOR values (per 2 additional pro-oxidant alleles) of 2.10 (95% CI (1.12, 4.11); p = 0.024) and 1.42 (95% CI (1.02, 2.01); p = 0.041), respectively. Past work in BIS has reported higher prenatal phthalate exposure at 36 weeks of gestation associated with offspring autism spectrum disorder. In this study, we examine combined effects and show a consistent pattern of increased neurodevelopmental problems for individuals with both a high gPFSox and high prenatal phthalate exposure across a range of outcomes, including high gPFSox and high DEHP levels against autism spectrum disorder (attributable proportion due to interaction 0.89; 95% CI (0.62, 1.16); p < 0.0001). The results highlight the utility of this novel functional genetic score and add to the growing evidence implicating gestational phthalate exposure in adverse neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tanner
- Developing Brain Division, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah Thomson
- Developing Brain Division, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Katherine Drummond
- Developing Brain Division, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Martin O'Hely
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Christos Symeonides
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- The Minderoo Foundation, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- Children's Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Children's Health and Environment, South Brisbane, QLD 4104, Australia
| | - Fiona Collier
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Eva J Sugeng
- Department of Environment and Health, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Developing Brain Division, The Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
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