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Altmäe S, Plaza-Florido A, Esteban FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Krjutškov K, Katayama S, Einarsdottir E, Kere J, Radom-Aizik S, Ortega FB. Effects of exercise on whole-blood transcriptome profile in children with overweight/obesity. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e23983. [PMID: 37715654 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of exercise is still limited, especially in childhood. We set out to investigate the effects of a 20-week exercise intervention on whole-blood transcriptome profile (RNA-seq) in children with overweight/obesity. METHODS Twenty-four children (10.21 ± 1.33 years, 46% girls) with overweight/obesity, were randomized to either a 20-week exercise program (intervention group; n = 10), or to a no-exercise control group (n = 14). Whole-blood transcriptome profile was analyzed using RNA-seq by STRT technique with GlobinLock technology. RESULTS Following the 20-week exercise intervention program, 161 genes were differentially expressed between the exercise and the control groups among boys, and 121 genes among girls (p-value <0.05), while after multiple correction, no significant difference between exercise and control groups persisted in gene expression profiles (FDR >0.05). Genes enriched in GO processes and molecular pathways showed different immune response in boys (antigen processing and presentation, infections, and T cell receptor complex) and in girls (Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway) (FDR <0.05). CONCLUSION These results suggest that 20-week exercise intervention program alters the molecular pathways involved in immune processes in children with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Francisco J Esteban
- Systems Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kaarel Krjutškov
- Competence Centre for Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Juha Kere
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Granada, Spain
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2
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Warembourg C, Anguita-Ruiz A, Siroux V, Slama R, Vrijheid M, Richiardi L, Basagaña X. Correction to "Statistical Approaches to Study Exposome-Health Associations in the Context of Repeated Exposure Data: A Simulation Study". Environ Sci Technol 2024; 58:2162. [PMID: 38227446 PMCID: PMC10832021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
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3
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Amine I, Stratakis N, Maitre L, Julvez J, Urquiza J, Luo C, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Thomsen C, Grazuleviciene R, Heude B, McEachan R, Vafeiadi M, Chatzi L, Wright J, Yang TC, Slama R, Siroux V, Vrijheid M, Basagaña X. Beyond the single-outcome approach: A comparison of outcome-wide analysis methods for exposome research. Environ Int 2023; 182:108344. [PMID: 38016387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Outcome-wide analysis can offer several benefits, including increased power to detect weak signals and the ability to identify exposures with multiple effects on health, which may be good targets for preventive measures. Recently, advanced statistical multivariate techniques for outcome-wide analysis have been developed, but they have been rarely applied to exposome analysis. In this work, we provide an overview of a selection of methods that are well-suited for outcome-wide exposome analysis and are implemented in the R statistical software. Our work brings together six different methods presenting innovative solutions for typical problems arising from outcome-wide approaches in the context of the exposome, including dependencies among outcomes, high dimensionality, mixed-type outcomes, missing data records, and confounding effects. The identified methods can be grouped into four main categories: regularized multivariate regression techniques, multi-task learning approaches, dimensionality reduction approaches, and bayesian extensions of the multivariate regression framework. Here, we compare each technique presenting its main rationale, strengths, and limitations, and provide codes and guidelines for their application to exposome data. Additionally, we apply all selected methods to a real exposome dataset from the Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX) project, demonstrating their suitability for exposome research. Although the choice of the best method will always depend on the challenges to be faced in each application, for an exposome-like analysis we find dimensionality reduction and bayesian methods such as reduced rank regression (RRR) or multivariate bayesian shrinkage priors (MBSP) particularly useful, given their ability to deal with critical issues such as collinearity, high-dimensionality, missing data or quantification of uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ines Amine
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Lea Maitre
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Julvez
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), 43204 Reus (Tarragona), Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Chongliang Luo
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 600 S Taylor Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cathrine Thomsen
- Department of Food Safety, Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Tiffany C Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Warembourg C, Anguita-Ruiz A, Siroux V, Slama R, Vrijheid M, Richiardi L, Basagaña X. Statistical Approaches to Study Exposome-Health Associations in the Context of Repeated Exposure Data: A Simulation Study. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:16232-16243. [PMID: 37844068 PMCID: PMC10621661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The exposome concept aims to consider all environmental stressors simultaneously. The dimension of the data and the correlation that may exist between exposures lead to various statistical challenges. Some methodological studies have provided insight regarding the efficiency of specific modeling approaches in the context of exposome data assessed once for each subject. However, few studies have considered the situation in which environmental exposures are assessed repeatedly. Here, we conduct a simulation study to compare the performance of statistical approaches to assess exposome-health associations in the context of multiple exposure variables. Different scenarios were tested, assuming different types and numbers of exposure-outcome causal relationships. An application study using real data collected within the INMA mother-child cohort (Spain) is also presented. In the simulation experiment, assessed methods showed varying performance across scenarios, making it challenging to recommend a one-size-fits-all strategy. Generally, methods such as sparse partial least-squares and the deletion-substitution-addition algorithm tended to outperform the other tested methods (ExWAS, Elastic-Net, DLNM, or sNPLS). Notably, as the number of true predictors increased, the performance of all methods declined. The absence of a clearly superior approach underscores the additional challenges posed by repeated exposome data, such as the presence of more complex correlation structures and interdependencies between variables, and highlights that careful consideration is essential when selecting the appropriate statistical method. In this regard, we provide recommendations based on the expected scenario. Given the heightened risk of reporting false positive or negative associations when applying these techniques to repeated exposome data, we advise interpreting the results with caution, particularly in compromised contexts such as those with a limited sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Warembourg
- Univ
Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé,
environnement et travail)—UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBEROBN
(CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- Team
of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory
Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CNRS, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- Team
of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory
Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CNRS, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish
Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Department
of Medical Sciences, University of Turin
and CPO-Piemonte, 10124 Turin, Italy
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- ISGlobal, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish
Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Universitat
Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Ramírez-Mena A, Andrés-León E, Alvarez-Cubero MJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Martinez-Gonzalez LJ, Alcala-Fdez J. Explainable artificial intelligence to predict and identify prostate cancer tissue by gene expression. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2023; 240:107719. [PMID: 37453366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer in men worldwide. Traditional screening strategies such as serum PSA levels, which are not necessarily cancer-specific, or digital rectal exams, which are often inconclusive, are still the screening methods used for the disease. Some studies have focused on identifying biomarkers of the disease but none have been reported for diagnosis in routine clinical practice and few studies have provided tools to assist the pathologist in the decision-making process when analyzing prostate tissue. Therefore, a classifier is proposed to predict the occurrence of PCa that provides physicians with accurate predictions and understandable explanations. METHODS A selection of 47 genes was made based on differential expression between PCa and normal tissue, GO gene ontology as well as the literature to be used as input predictors for different machine learning methods based on eXplainable Artificial Intelligence. These methods were trained using different class-balancing strategies to build accurate classifiers using gene expression data from 550 samples from 'The Cancer Genome Atlas'. Our model was validated in four external cohorts with different ancestries, totaling 463 samples. In addition, a set of SHapley Additive exPlanations was provided to help clinicians understand the underlying reasons for each decision. RESULTS An in-depth analysis showed that the Random Forest algorithm combined with majority class downsampling was the best performing approach with robust statistical significance. Our method achieved an average sensitivity and specificity of 0.90 and 0.8 with an AUC of 0.84 across all databases. The relevance of DLX1, MYL9 and FGFR genes for PCa screening was demonstrated in addition to the important role of novel genes such as CAV2 and MYLK. CONCLUSIONS This model has shown good performance in 4 independent external cohorts of different ancestries and the explanations provided are consistent with each other and with the literature, opening a horizon for its application in clinical practice. In the near future, these genes, in combination with our model, could be applied to liquid biopsy to improve PCa screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ramírez-Mena
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer -University of Granada - Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Andrés-León
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine "López-Neyra" (IPBLN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Granada, 18016, Spain.
| | - Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer -University of Granada - Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain.
| | | | - Luis Javier Martinez-Gonzalez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer -University of Granada - Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain.
| | - Jesus Alcala-Fdez
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain.
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Bustos-Aibar M, Aguilera CM, Alcalá-Fdez J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Plaza-Díaz J, Plaza-Florido A, Tofe I, Gil-Campos M, Gacto MJ, Anguita-Ruiz A. Shared gene expression signatures between visceral adipose and skeletal muscle tissues are associated with cardiometabolic traits in children with obesity. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107085. [PMID: 37399741 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity in children is related to the development of cardiometabolic complications later in life, where molecular changes of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and skeletal muscle tissue (SMT) have been proven to be fundamental. The aim of this study is to unveil the gene expression architecture of both tissues in a cohort of Spanish boys with obesity, using a clustering method known as weighted gene co-expression network analysis. For this purpose, we have followed a multi-objective analytic pipeline consisting of three main approaches; identification of gene co-expression clusters associated with childhood obesity, individually in VAT and SMT (intra-tissue, approach I); identification of gene co-expression clusters associated with obesity-metabolic alterations, individually in VAT and SMT (intra-tissue, approach II); and identification of gene co-expression clusters associated with obesity-metabolic alterations simultaneously in VAT and SMT (inter-tissue, approach III). In both tissues, we identified independent and inter-tissue gene co-expression signatures associated with obesity and cardiovascular risk, some of which exceeded multiple-test correction filters. In these signatures, we could identify some central hub genes (e.g., NDUFB8, GUCY1B1, KCNMA1, NPR2, PPP3CC) participating in relevant metabolic pathways exceeding multiple-testing correction filters. We identified the central hub genes PIK3R2, PPP3C and PTPN5 associated with MAPK signaling and insulin resistance terms. This is the first time that these genes have been associated with childhood obesity in both tissues. Therefore, they could be potential novel molecular targets for drugs and health interventions, opening new lines of research on the personalized care in this pathology. This work generates interesting hypotheses about the transcriptomics alterations underlying metabolic health alterations in obesity in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Bustos-Aibar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Alcalá-Fdez
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at the Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, 85764, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, 92617, CA, United States.
| | - Inés Tofe
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain; University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain; University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - María J Gacto
- Department of Software Engineering, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Rico MC, Leis R, Bueno G, Moreno LA, Gil-Campos M, Gil Á, Aguilera CM. Serum levels of the novel adipokine isthmin-1 are associated with obesity in pubertal boys. World J Pediatr 2023; 19:864-872. [PMID: 36595188 PMCID: PMC10423122 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-022-00665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether there is an association between the serum levels of the novel insulin-like adipokine isthmin-1 (ISM1) and obesity-related phenotypes in a population of Spanish children and to investigate the plausible molecular alterations behind the alteration of the serum levels of this protein in children with obesity. METHODS The study population is a sub-cohort of the PUBMEP research project, consisting of a cross-sectional population of 119 pubertal children with overweight (17 boys, 19 girls), obesity (20 boys, 25 girls), and normal weight (17 boys, 21 girls). All subjects were classified into experimental groups according to their sex, obesity, and insulin resistance (IR) status. They were counted anthropometry, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation and cardiovascular biomarkers as well as isthmin-1 (ISM1) serum levels. This population was intended as a discovery population to elucidate the relationship between obesity and ISM1 levels in children. Furthermore, the study population had blood whole-genome DNA methylation examined, allowing deepening into the obesity-ISM1 molecular relationship. RESULTS Higher serum ISM1 levels were observed in boys with obesity than in normal weight (P = 0.004) and overweight (P = 0.007) boys. ISM1 serum levels were positively associated with body mass index (BMI) Z-score (P = 0.005) and fat mass (P = 0.058) and negatively associated with myeloperoxidase (MPO) (P = 0.043) in boys. Although we did not find associations between ISM1 serum levels and metabolic outcomes in girls, which may indicate a putative sexual dimorphism, fat mass was positively associated in all children, including boys and girls (P = 0.011). DNA methylation levels in two-enhancer-related CpG sites of ISM1 (cg03304641 and cg14269097) were associated with serum levels of ISM1 in children. CONCLUSIONS ISM1 is associated with obesity in boys at the pubertal stage, elucidating how this protein might be of special relevance as a new biomarker of obesity in children. Further studies including a longitudinal design during puberty are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, 18012, Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento S/N. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- RG Adipocytes and Metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764, Munich, Germany.
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, 18012, Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento S/N. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, ISGlobal, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria C Rico
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento S/N. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS) CHUS-USC, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutritio, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Research group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Research group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, 18012, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento S/N. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.GRANADA, 18012, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento S/N. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Amine I, Guillien A, Philippat C, Anguita-Ruiz A, Casas M, de Castro M, Dedele A, Garcia-Aymerich J, Granum B, Grazuleviciene R, Heude B, Haug LS, Julvez J, López-Vicente M, Maitre L, McEachan R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Stratakis N, Vafeiadi M, Wright J, Yang T, Yuan WL, Basagaña X, Slama R, Vrijheid M, Siroux V. Environmental exposures in early-life and general health in childhood. Environ Health 2023; 22:53. [PMID: 37480033 PMCID: PMC10360263 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life environmental exposures are suspected to be involved in the development of chronic diseases later in life. Most studies conducted so far considered single or few exposures and single-health parameter. Our study aimed to identify a childhood general health score and assess its association with a wide range of pre- and post-natal environmental exposures. METHODS The analysis is based on 870 children (6-12 years) from six European birth cohorts participating in the Human Early-Life Exposome project. A total of 53 prenatal and 105 childhood environmental factors were considered, including lifestyle, social, urban and chemical exposures. We built a general health score by averaging three sub-scores (cardiometabolic, respiratory/allergy and mental) built from 15 health parameters. By construct, a child with a low score has a low general health status. Penalized multivariable regression through Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) was fitted in order to identify exposures associated with the general health score. FINDINGS The results of LASSO show that a lower general health score was associated with maternal passive and active smoking during pregnancy and postnatal exposure to methylparaben, copper, indoor air pollutants, high intake of caffeinated drinks and few contacts with friends and family. Higher child's general health score was associated with prenatal exposure to a bluespace near residency and postnatal exposures to pets, cobalt, high intakes of vegetables and more physical activity. Against our hypotheses, postnatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and perfluorooctanoate were associated with a higher child's general health score. CONCLUSION By using a general health score summarizing the child cardiometabolic, respiratory/allergy and mental health, this study reinforced previously suspected environmental factors associated with various child health parameters (e.g. tobacco, air pollutants) and identified new factors (e.g. pets, bluespace) warranting further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Amine
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Alicia Guillien
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region, FISABIO-Public Health, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - Audrius Dedele
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Berit Granum
- Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Science, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
| | - Line Småstuen Haug
- Division for Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience (NeuroÈpia), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Spain
| | - Mónica López-Vicente
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Léa Maitre
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Tiffany Yang
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Wen Lun Yuan
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), 75004, Paris, France
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Science, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), ISGlobal-Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona Campus MAR, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Consortium for Research On Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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9
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González-Gil EM, Anguita-Ruiz A, Kalén A, De Las Lamas Perez C, Rupérez AI, Vázquez-Cobela R, Flores K, Gil A, Gil-Campos M, Bueno G, Leis R, Aguilera CM. Longitudinal associations between cardiovascular biomarkers and metabolic syndrome during puberty: the PUBMEP study. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:419-429. [PMID: 36376521 PMCID: PMC9829643 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Puberty has been described as a life stage of considerable metabolic risk specially for those with obesity. The low-grade systemic inflammatory status associated with obesity could be one of the connections with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thus, we aimed to assess the relationship between inflammatory and cardiovascular biomarkers and the development of MetS during puberty. Seventy-five children from the PUBMEP study (33 females), aged 4-18 years, were included. Cardiovascular and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the prepubertal and pubertal stage, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), interleukin 8 (IL8), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), total plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPAI), resistin, adiponectin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). MetS was diagnosed at each measurement point. Mixed-effects and logistic regressions were performed. Those children with MetS in puberty presented higher prepubertal values of several cardiometabolic biomarkers in comparison to those without MetS (z-score body mass index (zBMI), waist circumference, insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, and tPAI (p < 0.05)). For prepubertal children with obesity, the odds of developing MetS in puberty were significantly higher in those having high zBMI (OR = 4.27; CI: 1.39-22.59) or high concentrations of tPAI (OR = 1.19; CI: 1.06-1.43). CONCLUSION Those with obesity with higher prepubertal tPAI plasma levels had 19% higher odds of having MetS at puberty highlighting the existence of association between MetS, obesity, and inflammation already in puberty. Thus, assessing cardiometabolic and inflammatory status in children with obesity already at prepuberty is key to avoiding future comorbidities. WHAT IS KNOWN • Inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and obesity may have their onset in childhood. • Puberty is a life stage characterized for an increased cardiovascular risk. WHAT IS NEW • Prepuberty state could be an early indicator of future cardiometabolic risk. • Children with obesity and high total plasminogen have higher odds of future metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M González-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Anton Kalén
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department, Clinic University Hospital of Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmela De Las Lamas Perez
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department, Clinic University Hospital of Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Azahara I Rupérez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rocio Vázquez-Cobela
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department, Clinic University Hospital of Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Katherine Flores
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Facultad de Medicina, Clinic University Hospital Lozano Blesa, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department, Clinic University Hospital of Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Nutrición Y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, Granada, Spain
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10
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Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Leis R, Rupérez AI, Anguita-Ruiz A, Vázquez-Cobela R, Flores-Rojas K, González-Gil EM, Aguilera CM, Moreno LA, Gil-Campos M, Bueno G. Prepubertal Children With Metabolically Healthy Obesity or Overweight Are More Active Than Their Metabolically Unhealthy Peers Irrespective of Weight Status: GENOBOX Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:821548. [PMID: 35495947 PMCID: PMC9040553 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.821548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The association of a metabolically healthy status with the practice of physical activity (PA) remains unclear. Sedentarism and low PA have been linked to increased cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PA levels in metabolically healthy (MH) or unhealthy (MU) prepubertal children with or without overweight/obesity. Methods A total 275 children (144 boys) with 9 ± 2 years old were selected for the GENOBOX study. PA times and intensities were evaluated by accelerometry, and anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood biochemical markers were analyzed. Children were considered to have normal weight or obesity, and further classified as MH or MU upon fulfillment of the considered metabolic criteria. Results Classification resulted in 119 MH children (21% with overweight/obesity, referred to as MHO) and 156 MU children (47% with overweight/obesity, referred to as MUO). Regarding metabolic profile, MHO showed lower blood pressure levels, both systolic and diastolic and biochemical markers levels, such as glucose, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, triglycerides and higher HDL-c levels than MUO (P < 0.001). In addition, MHO children spent more time in PA of moderate intensity compared with MUO children. In relation to vigorous PA, MH normal weight (MHN) children showed higher levels than MUO children. Considering sex, boys spent more time engaged in moderate, vigorous, and moderate–vigorous (MV) PA than girls, and the number of boys in the MH group was also higher. Conclusion Prepubertal MHO children are less sedentary, more active, and have better metabolic profiles than their MUO peers. However, all children, especially girls, should increase their PA engagement, both in terms of time and intensity because PA appears to be beneficial for metabolic health status itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero
- Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Department of Pediatrics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Azahara I Rupérez
- Grupo de Nutrición, Alimentación, Crecimiento y Desarrollo (GENUD) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitariaibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Department of Pediatrics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Katherine Flores-Rojas
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Esther M González-Gil
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Nutrición, Alimentación, Crecimiento y Desarrollo (GENUD) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitariaibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitariaibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Nutrición, Alimentación, Crecimiento y Desarrollo (GENUD) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- Center of Biomedical Research on Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Grupo de Nutrición, Alimentación, Crecimiento y Desarrollo (GENUD) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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11
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Zarza-Rebollo JA, Pérez-Gutiérrez AM, Molina E, Gutiérrez B, Bellón JÁ, Moreno-Peral P, Conejo-Cerón S, Aiarzagüena JM, Ballesta-Rodríguez MI, Fernández A, Fernández-Alonso C, Martín-Pérez C, Montón-Franco C, Rodríguez-Bayón A, Torres-Martos Á, López-Isac E, Cervilla J, Rivera M. Body mass index interacts with a genetic-risk score for depression increasing the risk of the disease in high-susceptibility individuals. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:30. [PMID: 35075110 PMCID: PMC8786870 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01783-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is strongly associated with obesity among other chronic physical diseases. The latest mega- and meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies have identified multiple risk loci robustly associated with depression. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether a genetic-risk score (GRS) combining multiple depression risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) might have utility in the prediction of this disorder in individuals with obesity. A total of 30 depression-associated SNPs were included in a GRS to predict the risk of depression in a large case-control sample from the Spanish PredictD-CCRT study, a national multicentre, randomized controlled trial, which included 104 cases of depression and 1546 controls. An unweighted GRS was calculated as a summation of the number of risk alleles for depression and incorporated into several logistic regression models with depression status as the main outcome. Constructed models were trained and evaluated in the whole recruited sample. Non-genetic-risk factors were combined with the GRS in several ways across the five predictive models in order to improve predictive ability. An enrichment functional analysis was finally conducted with the aim of providing a general understanding of the biological pathways mapped by analyzed SNPs. We found that an unweighted GRS based on 30 risk loci was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression. Although the GRS itself explained a small amount of variance of depression, we found a significant improvement in the prediction of depression after including some non-genetic-risk factors into the models. The highest predictive ability for depression was achieved when the model included an interaction term between the GRS and the body mass index (BMI), apart from the inclusion of classical demographic information as marginal terms (AUC = 0.71, 95% CI = [0.65, 0.76]). Functional analyses on the 30 SNPs composing the GRS revealed an over-representation of the mapped genes in signaling pathways involved in processes such as extracellular remodeling, proinflammatory regulatory mechanisms, and circadian rhythm alterations. Although the GRS on its own explained a small amount of variance of depression, a significant novel feature of this study is that including non-genetic-risk factors such as BMI together with a GRS came close to the conventional threshold for clinical utility used in ROC analysis and improves the prediction of depression. In this study, the highest predictive ability was achieved by the model combining the GRS and the BMI under an interaction term. Particularly, BMI was identified as a trigger-like risk factor for depression acting in a concerted way with the GRS component. This is an interesting finding since it suggests the existence of a risk overlap between both diseases, and the need for individual depression genetics-risk evaluation in subjects with obesity. This research has therefore potential clinical implications and set the basis for future research directions in exploring the link between depression and obesity-associated disorders. While it is likely that future genome-wide studies with large samples will detect novel genetic variants associated with depression, it seems clear that a combination of genetics and non-genetic information (such is the case of obesity status and other depression comorbidities) will still be needed for the optimization prediction of depression in high-susceptibility individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.507088.2Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Zarza-Rebollo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. .,Institute of Neurosciences 'Federico Olóriz', Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Ana M Pérez-Gutiérrez
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Molina
- grid.507088.2Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Blanca Gutiérrez
- grid.507088.2Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Ángel Bellón
- grid.452525.1Primary Care District of Málaga-Guadalhorce, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Network (redIAPP), Málaga, Spain ,grid.10215.370000 0001 2298 7828Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Moreno-Peral
- grid.452525.1Primary Care District of Málaga-Guadalhorce, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Network (redIAPP), Málaga, Spain
| | - Sonia Conejo-Cerón
- grid.452525.1Primary Care District of Málaga-Guadalhorce, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Network (redIAPP), Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Anna Fernández
- grid.428876.7Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain ,grid.466571.70000 0004 1756 6246CIBERESP, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Martín-Pérez
- grid.418355.eMarquesado Health Centre, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Montón-Franco
- grid.488737.70000000463436020Casablanca Health Centre, Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain ,grid.11205.370000 0001 2152 8769Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Torres-Martos
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena López-Isac
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Cervilla
- grid.507088.2Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Rivera
- grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain ,grid.507088.2Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Institute of Neurosciences ‘Federico Olóriz’, Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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de Lamas C, Kalén A, Anguita-Ruiz A, Pérez-Ferreirós A, Picáns-Leis R, Flores K, Moreno LA, Bueno G, Gil Á, Gil-Campos M, Aguilera CM, Leis R. Progression of metabolic syndrome and associated cardiometabolic risk factors from prepuberty to puberty in children: The PUBMEP study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1082684. [PMID: 36601007 PMCID: PMC9806164 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1082684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of clinical and metabolic alterations related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Metabolic changes occurring during puberty, especially in children with overweight and obesity, can influence the risk of developing chronic diseases, especially CVD. METHODS Longitudinal study based on the follow-up until puberty of a cohort of 191 prepubertal Spanish boys and girls without congenital, chronic, or inflammatory diseases: undernutrition: or intake of any drug that could alter blood glucose, blood pressure, or lipid metabolism. The following parameters were used to determine the presence of MetS: obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-c. RESULTS A total of 75·5% of participants stayed in the same BMI category from prepuberty to puberty, whereas 6·3% increased by at least one category. The prevalence of MetS was 9·1% (prepubertal stage) and 11·9% (pubertal stage). The risk of presenting alterations in puberty for systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma triacylglycerols, HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), and HOMA-IR was significantly higher in those participants who had the same alterations in prepuberty. MetS prevalence in puberty was predicted by sex and levels of HOMA-IR, BMI-z, and waist circumference in the prepubertal stage, in the whole sample: in puberty, the predictors were levels of HOMA-IR, BMI-z, and diastolic blood pressure in participants with obesity. Two fast-and-frugal decision trees were built to predict the risk of MetS in puberty based on prepuberty HOMA-IR (cutoff 2·5), SBP (cutoff 106 mm of Hg), and TAG (cutoff 53 mg/dl). DISCUSSION Controlling obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors, especially HOMA-IR and blood pressure, in children during the prepubertal stage appears critical to preventing pubertal MetS effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela de Lamas
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anton Kalén
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Picáns-Leis
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Katherine Flores
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, University of Zaragoza, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-food Institute of Aragon (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, University of Zaragoza, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-food Institute of Aragon (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Concepción M. Aguilera,
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Pires LV, González-Gil EM, Anguita-Ruiz A, Bueno G, Gil-Campos M, Vázquez-Cobela R, Pérez-Ferreirós A, Moreno LA, Gil Á, Leis R, Aguilera CM. The Vitamin D Decrease in Children with Obesity Is Associated with the Development of Insulin Resistance during Puberty: The PUBMEP Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124488. [PMID: 34960039 PMCID: PMC8709093 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and cardiometabolic risk have been associated with vitamin D levels even in children. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between insulin resistance (IR), cardiometabolic risk factors, and vitamin D in children from prepubertal to pubertal stages. A total of 76 children from the PUBMEP study, aged 4–12 years at baseline, were included. Children were evaluated in prepubertal and pubertal stages. Anthropometric measurements and selected cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, such as plasma glucose, blood lipids, insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and blood pressure, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were determined. Children were categorized by obesity degree and IR status combined before and after puberty. Paired t-test and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted. During puberty, the increase in triacylglycerols, insulin, and HOMA-IR and the decrease in QUICKI were significantly associated with the reduction in 25(OH)D (B = −0.274, p = 0.032; B = −0.219, p = 0.019; B = −0.250, p = 0.013; B = 1.574, p = 0.013, respectively) after adjustment by BMI-z, sex, and pubertal stage. Otherwise, prepubertal non-IR children with overweight/obesity that became IR during puberty showed a significant decrease in 25(OH)D and HDL-c, and an increase in waist circumference and triacylglycerol concentrations (p < 0.05 for all) over time. These results suggest that changes in IR seem to be associated with an effect on 25(OH)D levels during puberty, especially in children with overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Viana Pires
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.V.P.); (E.M.G.-G.); (A.A.-R.); (Á.G.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Nutrition Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Saint Cristopher 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.V.P.); (E.M.G.-G.); (A.A.-R.); (Á.G.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (G.B.); (L.A.M.)
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.V.P.); (E.M.G.-G.); (A.A.-R.); (Á.G.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
| | - Gloria Bueno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (G.B.); (L.A.M.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (G.B.); (L.A.M.)
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.V.P.); (E.M.G.-G.); (A.A.-R.); (Á.G.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs., 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs., 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (C.M.A.)
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (L.V.P.); (E.M.G.-G.); (A.A.-R.); (Á.G.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (C.M.A.)
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Gil-Campos M, Pérez-Ferreirós A, Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Bedoya-Carpente JJ, Kalén A, Moreno LA, Bueno G, Gil Á, Aguilera CM, Leis R. Association of Diet, Physical Activity Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092954. [PMID: 34578831 PMCID: PMC8466174 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to identify different dietary and physical activity (PA) patterns in 5- to 14-year-old children with a high prevalence of overweight and obesity using cluster analysis based on their adherence to the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition dietary guidelines and levels of PA, and to determine their associations with age, sex, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk markers. In 549 children, hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify subgroups with similar adherence to dietary recommendations and level of PA. Three clusters were identified: Cluster 1, with the lowest level of vigorous PA and adherence to dietary recommendations; Cluster 2, with the lowest levels of moderate and vigorous PA and the highest adherence to dietary recommendations; and Cluster 3, with the highest level of PA, especially vigorous PA and a medium level adherence to dietary recommendations. Cluster 3 had lower total body fat and higher lean body mass percentages than Cluster 2. Cluster 2 had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than Cluster 1. The results from our study suggest that it is important to consider adherence to PA recommendations together with adherence to dietary guidelines to understand patterns of obesogenic habits in pediatric populations with high prevalence of overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan José Bedoya-Carpente
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Anton Kalén
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- GENUD Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-Food Institute of Aragon (IA2), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- GENUD Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-Food Institute of Aragon (IA2), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-619223420 (G.B.); +34-619019196 (R.L.)
| | - Ángel Gil
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute (IBS), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (L.A.M.); (Á.G.); (C.M.A.)
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-F.); (J.J.B.-C.); (A.K.)
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CHUS–USC, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.L.); Tel.: +34-619223420 (G.B.); +34-619019196 (R.L.)
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Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Aguilar-Gómez FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Rupérez AI, Vázquez-Cobela R, Flores-Rojas K, Aguilera CM, Gonzalez-Gil EM, Gil-Campos M, Bueno-Lozano G, Leis R. Changes in Physical Activity Patterns from Childhood to Adolescence: Genobox Longitudinal Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17197227. [PMID: 33023228 PMCID: PMC7579043 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal changes of physical activity (PA) from childhood into adolescence have not been accurately described yet for the Spanish population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes of PA, assessed by accelerometry and anthropometric measures in a cohort of 213 children from the prepubertal to pubertal period, focusing on those with valid data from both time points (n = 75). Sedentary time (ST) increased about 50%, while all PA intensities declined from the pre-pubertal to pubertal period. Light PA (LPA) was the major contributor, decreasing by about 30%. Boys were more active than girls in both periods, but they showed a higher decline in PA, especially moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA). The proportion who reached the recommendation of 60 min of MVPA decreased by 33.3% in boys and 4.6% in girls. Children with obesity or overweight had lower MVPA than those with normal-weight in the pre-pubertal period, but no differences were found in the pubertal period. This study shows a decrease of PA and an increase of sedentarism in the transition from childhood to adolescence, particularly in boys. Regardless of body weight, adolescents tend to be less active. Therefore, prevention programs should be implemented to achieve optimal PA and reduce sedentarism during infancy considering the differences found by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jesús Llorente-Cantarero
- Department of Specific Didactics, Faculty of Education, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
| | - Francisco Javier Aguilar-Gómez
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (F.J.A.-G.); (K.F.-R.)
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Azahara Iris Rupérez
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- GENUD Researchgroup, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), 50009 Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Department of Pediatrics, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15701 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Katherine Flores-Rojas
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (F.J.A.-G.); (K.F.-R.)
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Esther M. Gonzalez-Gil
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- GENUD Researchgroup, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), 50009 Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain; (F.J.A.-G.); (K.F.-R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gloria Bueno-Lozano
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
- GENUD Researchgroup, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS), 50009 Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Lozano Blesa University Clinical Hospital of Zaragoza, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (A.I.R.); (C.M.A.); (E.M.G.-G.); (G.B.-L.); (R.L.)
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Viana Pires L, M. González-Gil E, Anguita-Ruiz A, Bueno G, Gil-Campos M, Vázquez-Cobela R, A. Moreno L, Gil Á, M. Aguilera C, Leis R. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and its relationship with sex hormones, puberty and obesity degree in children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Obesity 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2020.1812964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Viana Pires
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocio Vázquez-Cobela
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC). Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria De Santiago De Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC). Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria De Santiago De Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, Santiago De Compostela, Spain
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Aguilera CM, Gil Á. Genetics of Lactose Intolerance: An Updated Review and Online Interactive World Maps of Phenotype and Genotype Frequencies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092689. [PMID: 32899182 PMCID: PMC7551416 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans the ability to digest milk lactose is conferred by a β-galactosidase enzyme called lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH). While in some humans (approximately two-thirds of humankind) the levels of this enzyme decline drastically after the weaning phase (a trait known as lactase non-persistence (LNP)), some other individuals are capable of maintaining high levels of LPH lifelong (lactase persistence (LP)), thus being able to digest milk during adulthood. Both lactase phenotypes in humans present a complex genetic basis and have been widely investigated during the last decades. The distribution of lactase phenotypes and their associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across human populations has also been extensively studied, though not recently reviewed. All available information has always been presented in the form of static world maps or large dimension tables, so that it would benefit from the newly available visualization tools, such as interactive world maps. Taking all this into consideration, the aims of the present review were: (1) to gather and summarize all available information on LNP and LP genetic mechanisms and evolutionary adaptation theories, and (2) to create online interactive world maps, including all LP phenotype and genotype frequency data reported to date. As a result, we have created two online interactive resources, which constitute an upgrade over previously published static world maps, and allow users a personalized data exploration, while at the same time accessing complete reports by population or ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain; (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Network CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958241000 (ext. 20307)
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Leis R, Jurado-Castro JM, Llorente-Cantarero FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Iris Rupérez A, Bedoya-Carpente JJ, Vázquez-Cobela R, Aguilera CM, Bueno G, Gil-Campos M. Cluster Analysis of Physical Activity Patterns, and Relationship with Sedentary Behavior and Healthy Lifestyles in Prepubertal Children: Genobox Cohort. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051288. [PMID: 32370020 PMCID: PMC7282254 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sedentary habits during childhood are associated with adverse health outcomes. The aim of this work was to cluster lifestyle behaviors and metabolic biomarkers to establish different patterns in children. Their physical and sedentary activities were evaluated by accelerometry, and questionnaires that included lifestyle behaviors, such as adherence to a Mediterranean diet, anthropometry and blood biochemical markers. Cluster analysis was performed to establish different groups based on physical activity levels. A total of 489 children were finally selected. Cluster 1 included children with a mostly sedentary state, whereas Cluster 3 included the most active children and Cluster 2 included children that did not fit into either the sedentary or the highly active groups. In Cluster 3, 56% of children were in a sports club, and a lower percentage used electronic devices in their rooms compared to the other groups. Cluster 1 children exhibited higher insulin, HOMA-IR and triacylglycerides with respect to the other groups. No differences were found regarding adherence to a Mediterranean diet. The choice to practice an extracurricular sport could be an influencing factor to increase exercise and ensure an active lifestyle in children. Reducing or limiting screen time mainly in children’s rooms could contribute to an active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaura Leis
- Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Humano de Galicia, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.); (J.J.B.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Jose Manuel Jurado-Castro
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Francisco Jesus Llorente-Cantarero
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Artistic and Corporal Education, Faculty of Education, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Azahara Iris Rupérez
- GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza; Spain;
| | - Juan Jose Bedoya-Carpente
- Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Humano de Galicia, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.); (J.J.B.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- Unidad de Investigación en Nutrición, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Humano de Galicia, Departamento de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, IDIS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.L.); (J.J.B.-C.); (R.V.-C.)
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
| | - Concepción María Aguilera
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
- GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS) Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza; Spain;
- Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica, Hospital Clínico Lozano Blesa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-619223420
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.L.-C.); (A.A.-R.); (C.M.A.); (M.G.-C.)
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Ruperez AI, Leis R, Bueno G, Gil-Campos M, Tofe I, Gomez-Llorente C, Moreno LA, Gil Á, Aguilera CM. The protein S100A4 as a novel marker of insulin resistance in prepubertal and pubertal children with obesity. Metabolism 2020; 105:154187. [PMID: 32084430 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A4 is a metastasis-associated protein also reported as a promising marker for dysfunctional white adipose tissue (WAT) and insulin resistance (IR) in adult and adolescent populations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association between the protein S100A4 and obesity and IR in children and during pubertal development. DESIGN AND METHODS The study design consisted of three cross-sectional populations of 249, 11 and 19 prepubertal children respectively (named study population 1, 2 and 3), and a longitudinal population of 53 girls undergoing sexual maturation (study population 4). All subjects were classified into experimental groups according to their sex, obesity and IR status. All study populations counted on anthropometry, glucose, and lipid metabolism, inflammation and cardiovascular biomarkers as well as S100A4 plasma levels measured. The study population 1 was intended as the discovery population in which to elucidate the relationship between Obesity-IR and S100A4 plasma levels in prepubertal children. The cross-sectional populations 2 and 3 further counted on WAT gene expression data for investigating the molecular basis of this association. Instead, the longitudinal study population 4 presented blood whole-genome DNA methylation data at each temporal record, allowing deepening into the Obesity-IR-S1004 relationship during puberty as well as deciphering plausible epigenetic mechanisms altering S100A4 plasma levels. RESULTS S100A4 plasma levels were strongly associated with several metabolic and anthropometric outcomes, namely IR, in prepubertal non-diabetic obese children. We also found highly significant positive associations during the course of puberty between the increase in S100A4 levels and the increase in HOMA-IR (P = 0.0003, FDR = 0.005) and insulin levels (P = 0.0003, FDR = 0.005). Methylation in two-enhancer related CpG sites of the S100A4 region (cg07245635 and cg10447638) was associated with IR biomarkers at the prepubertal stage and with longitudinal changes in these measurements. We further reported an association between visceral WAT (vWAT) S100A4 expression and HOMA-IR, insulin levels and BMI Z-Score, but not with circulating S100A4. CONCLUSIONS We report for the first time the association of S100A4 with IR and WAT dysfunction in prepubertal populations as well as how the change in plasma S100A4 levels accompanies longitudinal trajectories of IR in children during pubertal development. Moreover, we propose epigenetic changes in two methylation sites and an altered S100A4 vWAT expression as plausible molecular mechanisms underlying this disturbance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Azahara I Ruperez
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Inés Tofe
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carolina Gomez-Llorente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n. 18016 Armilla, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain; CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain.
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Segura-Delgado A, Alcalá R, Aguilera CM, Alcalá-Fdez J. eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for the identification of biologically relevant gene expression patterns in longitudinal human studies, insights from obesity research. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007792. [PMID: 32275707 PMCID: PMC7176286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Until date, several machine learning approaches have been proposed for the dynamic modeling of temporal omics data. Although they have yielded impressive results in terms of model accuracy and predictive ability, most of these applications are based on "Black-box" algorithms and more interpretable models have been claimed by the research community. The recent eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) revolution offers a solution for this issue, were rule-based approaches are highly suitable for explanatory purposes. The further integration of the data mining process along with functional-annotation and pathway analyses is an additional way towards more explanatory and biologically soundness models. In this paper, we present a novel rule-based XAI strategy (including pre-processing, knowledge-extraction and functional validation) for finding biologically relevant sequential patterns from longitudinal human gene expression data (GED). To illustrate the performance of our pipeline, we work on in vivo temporal GED collected within the course of a long-term dietary intervention in 57 subjects with obesity (GSE77962). As validation populations, we employ three independent datasets following the same experimental design. As a result, we validate primarily extracted gene patterns and prove the goodness of our strategy for the mining of biologically relevant gene-gene temporal relations. Our whole pipeline has been gathered under open-source software and could be easily extended to other human temporal GED applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Segura-Delgado
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Alcalá
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Alcalá-Fdez
- Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Anguita-Ruiz A, Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Rupérez AI, Leis R, Bueno G, Gil-Campos M, Vázquez-Cobela R, Cañete R, Moreno LA, Gil Á, Aguilera CM. X chromosome genetic data in a Spanish children cohort, dataset description and analysis pipeline. Sci Data 2019; 6:130. [PMID: 31332195 PMCID: PMC6646348 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
X chromosome genetic variation has been proposed as a potential source of missing heritability for many complex diseases, including obesity. Currently, there is a lack of public available genetic datasets incorporating X chromosome genotype data. Although several X chromosome-specific statistics have been developed, there is also a lack of readily available implementations for routine analysis. Here, we aimed: (1) to make public and describe a dataset incorporating phenotype and X chromosome genotype data from a cohort of 915 normal-weight, overweight and obese children, and (2) to deeply describe a whole implementation of the special X chromosome analytic process in genetics. Datasets and pipelines like this are crucial to get familiar with the steps in which X chromosome requires special attention and may raise awareness of the importance of this genomic region. Design Type(s) | disease analysis objective • factorial design • genetic structural variation analysis objective • genotyping design | Measurement Type(s) | genotyping assay | Technology Type(s) | genotyping | Factor Type(s) | sex • experimental condition | Sample Characteristic(s) | Homo sapiens • blood |
Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain. .,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain. .,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS.GRANADA), University Clinical Hospital San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación, s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain. .,CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS.GRANADA), University Clinical Hospital San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación, s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS.GRANADA), University Clinical Hospital San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación, s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,RG Adipocytes and metabolism, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Azahara I Rupérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC). Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC). Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ramón Cañete
- CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Reina Sofia University Clinical Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS.GRANADA), University Clinical Hospital San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación, s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Concepción María Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, 18011, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (IBS.GRANADA), University Clinical Hospital San Cecilio, Av. de la Investigación, s/n, Granada, 18016, Spain.,CIBEROBN, (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
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22
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Soto-Méndez MJ, Rangel-Huerta OD, Ruiz-López MD, Martínez de Victoria E, Anguita-Ruiz A, Gil A. Role of Functional Fortified Dairy Products in Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:S251-S271. [PMID: 31089744 PMCID: PMC6518140 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is insufficient evidence on the role of functional fortified dairy products in improving health and in preventing risk factors associated with noncommunicable chronic diseases. This systematic review was conducted to summarize effects of the consumption of fortified dairy products on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk. MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases were used to perform searches to include studies published up to 30 April 2018. Randomized clinical trials with human subjects consuming dairy products fortified with phytosterols, FAs, vitamins or minerals and relating this consumption with cardiometabolic health were included in this review. Risk of bias assessment according to Cochrane guidelines was performed to determine the quality of the trials. Forty-one studies were finally selected for this synthesis; the selected studies tested dairy products fortified with the following nutrients and bioactive components: phytosterols (n = 31), FAs (n = 8), and vitamin D (n = 2). We found that the consumption of phytosterol-fortified dairy, led to an overall LDL cholesterol reduction of -0.36 (-0.41, -0.31) mmol/L, P < 0.001; this decrease was mainly related to the dosage. Likewise, consumption of ω-3 FA-fortified dairy products resulted in a plasma LDL cholesterol reduction of -0.18 (-0.27, -0.09) mmol/L as well as a decrease of -0.18 (-0.32, -0.05) mmol/L in triacylglycerols (TG). Performing meta-analyses of the consumption of dairy products fortified with vitamin D or FAs other than ω-3 FAs and biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk was not possible because of the few available publications. Our results indicate that consumption of dairy products fortified with phytosterols and ω-3 FAs can lead to a reduction of LDL cholesterol and consumption of fortified dairy products fortified with ω-3 FAs can reduce TG concentration. However, more studies with homogeneous designs are needed to determine the advantages of using dairy products as fortification vehicles to prevent cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar D Rangel-Huerta
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - María D Ruiz-López
- Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation –FINUT–, Granada, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, School of Pharmacy
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Emilio Martínez de Victoria
- Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation –FINUT–, Granada, Spain
- Department of Physiology, School of Sciences
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute ibs GRANADA, University Hospital Complex in Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Iberoamerican Nutrition Foundation –FINUT–, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix,” Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute ibs GRANADA, University Hospital Complex in Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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23
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Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Rupérez AI, Gomez-Llorente C, Olza J, Vázquez-Cobela R, Gil-Campos M, Bueno G, Leis R, Cañete R, Moreno LA, Gil A, Aguilera CM. Effects of X-chromosome Tenomodulin Genetic Variants on Obesity in a Children's Cohort and Implications of the Gene in Adipocyte Metabolism. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3979. [PMID: 30850679 PMCID: PMC6408551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenomodulin (TNMD) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein that has been recently linked to obesity, and it is highly expressed in obese adipose tissue. Several sex-dependent associations have been observed between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TNMD gene, which is located in the X-chromosome, and obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome in adults. On the other hand, results are lacking for children. We aimed (i) to study the association between TNMD genetic variants and metabolic complications related to childhood obesity and (ii) to investigate the function of TNMD in human adipocytes. We conducted a case-control, multicenter study in 915 Spanish children and demonstrated significant positive associations between TNMD genetic variants and BMI z-score, waist circumference, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance in boys, highlighting the SNP rs4828038. Additionally, we showed a BMI-adjusted inverse association with waist circumference in girls. Second, in vitro experiments revealed that TNMD is involved in adipogenesis, along with glucose and lipid metabolism in differentiated adipocytes, and these effects may be mediated through AMPK activation. Hence, these results suggest that TNMD genetic variants could be potentially useful as early life risk indicators for obesity and T2DM. In addition, we support the fact that TNMD exhibits significant metabolic functions in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Azahara I Rupérez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carolina Gomez-Llorente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Josune Olza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Rocío Vázquez-Cobela
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón),, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ramón Cañete
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Institute Maimónides of Biomedicine Investigation of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Avda Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón),, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Concepcion Maria Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n., 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, 18014, Spain. .,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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24
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Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Anguita-Ruiz A, Leis R, Aguilera CM. Genetic Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D and Obesity Relationship. Ann Nutr Metab 2018; 73:89-99. [PMID: 29982250 DOI: 10.1159/000490669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is associated with a wide range of chronic diseases and conditions, including obesity, and with an increasing severity of metabolic dysregulation, such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, and hypertension, both in children and adults. However, the nature of the association between low vitD status and obesity remains unclear. This fact has motivated the scientific community to conduct genetic association analyses between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D)-related genes and obesity traits. In this line, the variation in the vitD receptor (VDR) gene represents the bulk of the findings. Specifically, polymorphisms in the VDR gene have been associated with obesity traits in some but not all, studies. Thus, results regarding this matter remain inconclusive. Other genes aside from VDR have also been investigated in relation to obesity-related traits. However, again, findings have been inconsistent. In general, results point to the fact that the DBP/GC gene could be an important protein-linking obesity and vitD status. On the other hand, several studies have attempted to determine the molecular mechanism of the relationship between 25(OH)-D levels and obesity. Some of these studies suggest that vitD, due to its fat-soluble characteristic, is retained by the adipose tissue and has the capacity to metabolize 25(OH)-D locally, and this can be altered during obesity. Additionally, vitD is capable of regulating the gene expression related to adipogenesis process, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolism in mature adipocytes. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to evaluate the association between obesity and vitD deficiency describing the main molecular mechanism of the relationship and the link with genetic factors. Key Messages: Low serum 25(OH)-D is positively associated with obesity or BMI in adults and children. Circulating vitD concentrations are, at least, partially determined by genetic factors. VitD plays an important role in the adipogenesis process and inflammation status in adipocytes and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30028), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), USC University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Concepcion M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain.,CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30028), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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