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Hirose A, Tanoi K, Nakanishi TM, Kobayashi NI. Cadmium accumulation dynamics in the rice endosperm during grain filling revealed by autoradiography. PLANT DIRECT 2024; 8:e562. [PMID: 38222933 PMCID: PMC10784649 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental pollutants contaminated in our food. Several previous reports showed that rice polishing cannot be efficient to reduce Cd content in white rice, implying the characteristic Cd distribution in rice grain. However, Cd distribution has not been fully elucidated so far. Herein, 109Cd radiotracer experiment was performed using the rice seedlings at various time points after flowering to obtain autoradiographs of the brown rice to visually understand the Cd transport and distribution during the grain-filling process. It was shown that 109Cd accumulated in the outermost area of the brown rice, and also in the middle part of the starchy endosperm, resulting in the appearance of the double circle distribution pattern, which was not observed in the autoradiographs of 65Zn. The inner circle of 109Cd located around the center of the endosperm was developed particularly at around 8 and 10 days after flowering. After this period, 109Cd started to deposit at the outer part of the endosperm, which was also found in the autoradiograph of 14C-sucrose. Considering the physiology of grain development, the contribution of water transport and protein synthesis in the endosperm on the characteristic Cd distribution pattern was hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hirose
- Department of PharmacologyHoshi UniversityTokyoJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Keitaro Tanoi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoko M. Nakanishi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Natsuko I. Kobayashi
- Department of PharmacologyHoshi UniversityTokyoJapan
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life ScienceThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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2
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Ni S, Rahman S, Harada Y, Yoshioka S, Imaizumi M, Wong KH, Mashio AS, Ohta A, Hasegawa H. Remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil: GLDA-assisted extraction and sequential FeCl 3-CaO-based post-stabilization. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140554. [PMID: 38303381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination of farmland soils is a growing concern because of its highly toxic impact on ecosystems and human health. Chelator-assisted washing and chemical immobilization are effective remediation strategies for Cd-contaminated soils. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) has traditionally been used for soil washing, but its persistence in the environment and subsequent toxicity have raised significant ecological concerns. Consequently, biodegradable chelators have gained increasing attention as eco-friendly alternatives to the persistent chelator, EDTA. Therefore, this study evaluated the performance and efficacy of three biodegradable chelators: L-glutamate-N,N'-diacetic acid (GLDA), methylglycine-diacetic acid (MGDA), and 3-hydroxy-2,2'-iminodisuccinic acid (HIDS) in comparison to EDTA for remediating a real Cd-contaminated agricultural soil. The influence of treatment parameters, including chelator variants, washing time, chelator concentration, solution pH, and liquid-to-soil ratio (L/S) on Cd extraction was studied and optimized to attain the maximum removal rate. Following chelator-assisted washing, the efficacy of a stabilization preference combining FeCl3 and CaO in reducing the leaching potential of residual Cd in chelator-washed soil residues was also investigated. GLDA demonstrated comparable Cd extraction efficiency to EDTA, and the Cd extraction efficiency was found to be positively correlated with the soil washing parameters. However, under the optimized conditions (chelator concentration: 10 mmol L-1; washing time: 3 h; solution pH: 3; L/S ratio: 10:1), GLDA exhibited a higher Cd extraction rate than EDTA or the other chelators. Furthermore, a post-treatment process incorporating FeCl3 and CaO substantially diminished the water-leachable Cd content in the resultant soil residues. The proposed remediation strategy, which combines chemically assisted washing and stabilization, could be a practical option for extracting bulk Cd from soil and reducing the leaching potential of residual Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Ni
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Shafiqur Rahman
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Harada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shoji Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Minami Imaizumi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kuo H Wong
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Asami S Mashio
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Akio Ohta
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Zeng Z, Chen J, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Cai H, Chen J, Rao D, Shen W. Ultrasonic treatment alleviated cadmium stress in sugarcane via improving antioxidant activity and physiological and biochemical status. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115381. [PMID: 37597288 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element that endangers crop growth and affects food safety and human health. Therefore, the study of Cd mitigation technology is important. Ultrasonic treatment can improve crop growth and enhance their ability to resist various abiotic stresses. In this study, the effect of ultrasonic treatment on alleviating sugarcane Cd stress was studied in a barrel experiment using sugarcane varieties 'ROC22' and 'LC05-136' as test materials. Sugarcane buds without ultrasonic treatment and with ultrasonic treatment (20-40 kHz mixed frequency ultrasound for 2 min, dry treatment) were planted in soil with Cd contents of 0, 50, 100, 250, and 500 mg·kg-1. Compared with non-ultrasonic treatment, Ultrasonic treatment significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes in sugarcane, significantly increased the content of osmoregulation substances, significantly reduced the content of superoxide anion (the highest decreases reached 11.55%) and malondialdehyde (the highest decreases reached 20.59%), and significantly increased the expression level of metallothionein (MT)-related genes, with the expression of ScMT1 increased by 8.80-37.49% and the expression of ScMT2-1-5 increased by 1.55-69.33%. In addition, ultrasonic treatment significantly reduced the Cd contents in sugarcane roots, stems, leaves, bagasse, and juice (the highest reduction in Cd content was 49.18%). In general, ultrasonic treatment regulated the metabolism of reactive oxygen species and MT-related gene expression in sugarcane, increased the Cd tolerance of sugarcane, promoted photosynthesis in sugarcane leaves, improved root morphology, enhanced sugarcane growth, and increased cane and sugar yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jiaoyun Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Xiangli Liu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yongjia Li
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Huabo Cai
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Dehua Rao
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Wankuan Shen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Sugarcane Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.
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Guo X, Chen C, Wu QT, Wei Z. Field experiments to assess the remediation efficiency of metal-contaminated soil by flushing with ferric chloride followed by applying amendments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161592. [PMID: 36646214 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn removal efficiencies achieved by flushing with FeCl3 were determined in a field experiment using soil contaminated with multiple metals. Soil was first flushed with FeCl3 and then with FeCl3 or a mixture of chelators. Flushed soil was amended with lime and organic matter to revitalize the soil, then the soil was used to grow Zea mays and Brassica juncea. The heavy metal concentrations in groundwater were determined to assess the risks of leaching caused by soil flushing. The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn removal efficiencies were 70%, 40%, 33%, and 17%, respectively, when FeCl3 (25 mmol (kg topsoil)-1) was applied. The second washing generally did not significantly decrease the heavy metal contents of the soil but the second FeCl3 washing did decrease the Pb content. Pb leached from topsoil was partly retained by the subsoil 20-40 cm deep. The Zea mays yields were significantly lower but the Brassica juncea yields were significantly higher after the combined soil flushing and amendment treatment than after only the amendment treatment. This indicated that soil flushing only negatively affected growth of deep-rooted Z. mays. The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in Z. mays grains and the edible parts of B. juncea grown in remediated soil were below the Chinese tolerable limits for contaminants in food. Washing with FeCl3 did not increase groundwater contamination during the study. The results indicated that flushing soil with FeCl3 and subsequent amendments is a technically feasible method for remediating agricultural soil contaminated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qi-Tang Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zebin Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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5
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Shi Y, Zhang F, Du C, Zhao Z, Zhong Y, Li H, Hou H, Wang L, Wu X, Crittenden JC, Chen J. Recycled biochar adsorption combined with CaCl 2 washing to increase rice yields and decrease Cd levels in grains and paddy soils: A field study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161265. [PMID: 36587664 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Field-scale trials were conducted to remove cadmium (Cd) from paddy soil by using recycled hydroxyapatite modified biochar (HBC) plus low-level CaCl2 washing. Synergistic reduction efficiencies of total and available Cd in soil (45.6 % and 36.8 %) were achieved by the combined amendments compared with only HBC or CaCl2. The release of Cd from soil particulates was facilitated by CaCl2 washing and the increased soluble Cd in soil water (hardly removed by drainage) could be removed efficiently by recycled HBC adsorption. Significantly decreases in Cd translocation and accumulation in rice plants benefited from the decrease of Cd level and availability in soil and the increase of available silicon (Si). As a result, Cd contents in early/late rice grains decreased by ~85 % and met the Chinese national food standard. SOM, CEC, and soil nutrients after remediation were increased due to 10 %-15 % of HBC residual. Grain yields of the early and late rice increased by 34.1 % and 9.91 %, respectively. The collected HBC (>85 % of the total used HBC) was in-situ regenerated and could be used in the next field trials. The generated wastewater together with drainage from field treatment could be reused as irrigation water after the treatment with a small-scale reclamation ecosystem. The work provides a novelty remediation strategy for Cd-contaminated paddy soil. The noticeable remediation efficiency for Cd reduction in soil and grains, and improved productivity-relevant soil properties have important implications for paddy soil with poor fertility, severe desilicification, and Cd contamination in South China whereas the application of biochar or chemical washing alone did not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengqiong Du
- Powerchina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited, 16 East Cinnamomum, Changsha 410014, China
| | - Zezhou Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Linling Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
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6
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Yang S, Li Y, Liu GM, Si SC, Zhu X, Tu C, Li LZ, Luo YM. Sequential washing and eluent regeneration with agricultural waste extracts and residues for facile remediation of meta-contaminated agricultural soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155548. [PMID: 35489479 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Washing with organic acids and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a promising technique for effective removal of potentially toxic metals from agricultural soils and the two key factors are the screening of inexpensive, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly washing agents and the safe treatment of waste eluent. We used extracts from agro-forestry wastes (pineapple peel, lemon peel, grapefruit peel and gardening crabapple fruit) to develop a facile two-stage sequential washing method (extracts and/or citric acid (CA) and coupled with extracts) and regenerated waste eluent. The washing efficiencies of Cd and Cu were significantly increased by pineapple peel (PP) using two-stage sequential washing with the sequence of PP + CA-PP > CA-PP > PP-PP. The potential pollution risk from soil Cd was lowered by 33.0% from moderate to low risk, and soil nutrient contents increased. 80.9% of Cd and 81.3% of Cu in waste eluent were efficiently removed by the PP residues. The removal mechanisms of metals in soils and eluents by PP washing agents and residues can be attributed to acid activation, cation exchange and complexation between metal ions and carboxyl groups. Therefore, the PP extracts and residues are potentially suitable for the removal of Cd and Cu from polluted agricultural soils and washing waste eluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Guo-Ming Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shao-Cheng Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chen Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Lian-Zhen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Yong-Ming Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS); Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Adnan M, Xiao B, Xiao P, Zhao P, Li R, Bibi S. Research Progress on Heavy Metals Pollution in the Soil of Smelting Sites in China. TOXICS 2022; 10:231. [PMID: 35622644 PMCID: PMC9147308 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10050231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by heavy metals is a significant issue worldwide. In recent decades, soil heavy metals pollutants in China had adverse impacts on soil quality and threatened food security and human health. Anthropogenic inputs mainly generate heavy metal contamination in China. In this review, the approaches were used in these investigations, focusing on geochemical strategies and metal isotope methods, particularly useful for determining the pathway of mining and smelting derived pollution in the soil. Our findings indicate that heavy metal distribution substantially impacts topsoils around mining and smelting sites, which release massive amounts of heavy metals into the environment. Furthermore, heavy metal contamination and related hazards posed by Pb, Cd, As, and Hg are more severe to plants, soil organisms, and humans. It's worth observing that kids are particularly vulnerable to Pb toxicity. And this review also provides novel approaches to control and reduce the impacts of heavy metal pollution. Hydrometallurgy offers a potential method for extracting metals and removing potentially harmful heavy metals from waste to reduce pollution. However, environmentally friendly remediation of contaminated sites is a significant challenge. This paper also evaluates current technological advancements in the remediation of polluted soil, such as stabilization/solidification, natural attenuation, electrokinetic remediation, soil washing, and phytoremediation. The ability of biological approaches, especially phytoremediation, is cost-effective and favorable to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (M.A.); (P.X.); (P.Z.); (R.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baohua Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (M.A.); (P.X.); (P.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Peiwen Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (M.A.); (P.X.); (P.Z.); (R.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (M.A.); (P.X.); (P.Z.); (R.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruolan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China; (M.A.); (P.X.); (P.Z.); (R.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaheen Bibi
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China;
- Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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8
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Yang B, Qiu H, Zhang P, He E, Xia B, Liu Y, Zhao L, Xu X, Cao X. Modeling and visualizing the transport and retention of cationic and oxyanionic metals (Cd and Cr) in saturated soil under various hydrochemical and hydrodynamic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:151467. [PMID: 34742969 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cationic and oxyanionic metals are widely existed in the aquatic and soil environment with the process of industrialization and they may behave different transport properties in aquifer systems due to the opposite charges. In this study, the comparative transport behaviors of Cd2+ and CrO42- in water-saturated soil columns were investigated under a variety of hydrochemical and hydraulic conditions such as pH, ionic strength (IS), and flow rate. The transport mechanisms of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) were explored by fitting the breakthrough curves with a two-site non-equilibrium transport model. Results indicated that high solution pH inhibited the transport of Cd(II) due to the enhanced electrostatic interaction. In contrast, the migration of Cr(VI) was promoted with the least amount of Cr(VI) (1.23 mg) being retained in soil at high pH, ascribing to the stronger electrostatic repulsion between anions and soil surface. Meanwhile, high pH conditions were not favorable for the participation of reduced iron in the reduction process of Cr(VI), resulting in the least amount of Cr(III) detected (22%). The increase in ionic strength decreased the negativity of the potential at the adsorption plane, which enhanced the transport of cationic Cd(II) and the retardation of anionic Cr(VI). In addition, the increase in flow rate facilitated the transport of Cd(II) and Cr(VI), mainly due to the decreasing contacting with porous media and enhanced dispersion effect. These findings demonstrated that the fate and environmental behavior of metal cations and anions differed with the change of hydrochemical and hydrodynamic properties, which should be considered for the risk assessment and remediation of metal contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Peihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Erkai He
- School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Anhui Academy of Environmental Science Research, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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9
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Shi Y, Zhao Z, Zhong Y, Hou H, Chen J, Wang L, Wu X, Crittenden JC. Synergistic effect of floatable hydroxyapatite-modified biochar adsorption and low-level CaCl 2 leaching on Cd removal from paddy soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150872. [PMID: 34627887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of recycled biochar combined with chemical leaching is an appropriate method to remove cadmium (Cd) from paddy soil. Some Cd-rich soil clay particulates (particulate Cd) are reported to be removed via biochar adsorption and the potential impact of biochar on soil properties need further study. The removal efficiencies and mechanisms of Cd from soil by using floatable hydroxyapatite modified biochar (HBC) combined with CaCl2 were studied. Synergetic removal efficiencies of total Cd (46.5%) and bioavailable Cd (37.9%) from the paddy soil were achieved with 2% HBC and 1 mM CaCl2. The increased soluble Cd in soil pore water by CaCl2 leaching could be efficiently adsorbed on HBC, and removed by HBC collection, reducing the risk of the residual soluble Cd in soil pore water to rice plants caused by the inefficient drainage in the field. The suspendability of clay particulates in overlying water was little affected by the low-level CaCl2 based on Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) calculation. Moreover, low-level CaCl2 facilitated the accumulation of particulate Cd on the floating HBC via decreasing the interaction energy (by 25%) between clay particulates and HBC. HBC-mediated Cd migration contributed ~70% of total Cd removal, while soluble and particulate Cd removed through the drainage accounted for ~30%. Soil clay proportion maintained at 25.3% due to the replenishment of HBC residues. In addition, soil nutrient and physicochemical conditions were improved with HBC residues. This work provides a novel soil remediation method by using floatable biochar combined with low-level CaCl2 for Cd-contaminated paddy soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zezhou Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Linling Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
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10
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Zou K, Wei J, Wang D, Kong Z, Zhang H, Wang H. A novel remediation method of cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil: Dynamic equilibrium of Cd 2+ rapid release from soil to water and selective adsorption by PP-g-AA fibers-ball at low concentration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125884. [PMID: 34492822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The acid-extractable fraction Cd(II) in soil accumulates easily in organisms, migrates and transforms in the ecological environment, which has posed potential health risks to human. This study found that the acid-extractable fraction Cd(II) in soil could be released rapidly into water at very low Cd2+ concentration. Carboxylated polypropylene (PP-g-AA) fibers-ball with high selectivity as adsorbent was used in the Cd(II) contaminated soil-water system. It could remove promptly trace Cd2+ from water even in the presence of interfering metal ions. Moreover, Cd(II) desorbed from soil to water could be continuously adsorbed by PP-g-AA fibers-ball, which kept the Cd2+ concentration always at a low level. This forms a dynamic equilibrium of rapid release- selective adsorption toward the acid-extractable fraction Cd(II) in the soil-water system. Here, the migratory pathway for the acid-extractable fraction Cd(II) to be released from contaminated soil to water and adsorbed simultaneously on the surface of PP-g-AA fibers-ball was established. This work offers a novel protocol that can remove more than 90% of the acid-extractable fraction Cd(II) from contaminated soil within 12 h, thereby contributes better to mitigate the risk of Cd(II) from soil to the food chain without changing the physical and chemical properties of soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Junfu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Shool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhiyun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Engineering Center for Safety Evaluation of Water & Safeguards Technology, Tianjin 300387, China; Shool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Engineering Center for Safety Evaluation of Water & Safeguards Technology, Tianjin 300387, China; Shool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Huicai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/ National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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11
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Song H, Chung H, Nam K. Effect of monovalent and divalent ion solutions as washing agents on the removal of Sr and Cs from soil near a nuclear power plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125165. [PMID: 33540261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solutions of monovalent and divalent ions, including calcium, magnesium, ammonium, and potassium, were tested in the removal of Sr and Cs from soil near a nuclear power plant. The Ca2+ and K+ solutions exhibited removal efficiencies of 68.2% and 81.3% for Sr and Cs, respectively. This high performance was probably due to the physicochemical similarities between 'Ca and Sr' and 'K and Cs'. Alternatively, the Mg2+ and NH4+ solutions performed much worse, despite having the same valences as Ca2+ and K+, respectively. Ca2+ and K+ solutions could also simultaneously remove cationic toxic metals present with the nuclides, albeit much less efficiently (30-40%). For anionic metalloid As and anionic toxic metal Cr, the efficiency was even lower (< 20%). The five-step sequential extraction experiment confirmed that all chemical forms of Sr and Cs, except the residual form, were extensively removed by the Ca2+ and K+ solutions, respectively. For comparison, widely used washing agents exhibited removal efficiencies of 25-30%. Notably, Fe2+ and Mn2+ ions were hardly detected in the Ca2+ solution, while their concentrations were much higher in the common washing agents, suggesting the involvement of an ion-exchange mechanism in Sr and Cs removal, rather than a Fe/Mn oxide dissolution mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojae Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeonyong Chung
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoungphile Nam
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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12
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Aghelan N, Sobhanardakani S, Cheraghi M, Lorestani B, Merrikhpour H. Evaluation of some chelating agents on phytoremediation efficiency of Amaranthus caudatus L. and Tagetes patula L. in soils contaminated with lead. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:503-514. [PMID: 34150254 PMCID: PMC8172735 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate the possible effects of some chelating agents on phytoremediation efficiency and plant growth parameters of Amaranthus caudatus L. and Tagetes patula L. in soils contaminated with lead. METHOD The plant species were grown in pots and treated with lead nitrate and in combination with 2.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mmol/kg of EDTA, SA and CA, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that the highest accumulations of Pb (mg/kg) with 0.74 and 0.13 were found in the roots and stems of A. caudatus exposed to 400 mg/kg Pb containing EDTA and SA, respectively. Moreover, the highest accumulation of Pb in the roots and stems of T. patula with 0.87 and 1.5 mg/kg were observed in 400 mg/kg Pb- contaminated soil containing SA. CONCLUSIONS Although the results obtained showed that T. patula would have a better phytoextraction potential than A. caudatus, it should be noted that due to the Pb behavior in the soil and/or leaching of Pb from the soil columns during the irrigation period the low amounts of Pb absorption by the root and aerial parts of the plants compared to the added doses of Pb(NO3)2 solution to the soil samples, imply the studied plants haven't the adequate potential for phytoextraction of Pb from contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Aghelan
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Soheil Sobhanardakani
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Cheraghi
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Lorestani
- Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Hajar Merrikhpour
- Department of Agriculture, Sayyed Jamaleddin Asadabadi University, Asadabad, Iran
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13
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Wang Y, Zheng X, He X, Lü Q, Qian X, Xiao Q, Lin R. Effects of Pseudomonas TCd-1 on rice (Oryza sativa) cadmium uptake, rhizosphere soils enzyme activities and cadmium bioavailability under cadmium contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 218:112249. [PMID: 33975222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial remediation is a promising technique to reduce Cd accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa). In present study, a set of pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cd-tolerate Pseudomonas TCd-1 inoculation on rice Cd uptake, soil enzyme activities and Cd bioavailability in the rhizosphere soils under Cd contaminated conditions. The results showed that at the ripening stage, with the inoculation of TCd-1, Cd contents in root, culm, leaf, hull and brown rice significantly reduced by 60.7%, 47.7%, 50.6%, 58.1% and 47.9%, respectively, and the cadmium bioconcentration factor (BCF) of rice lowered by 66.2% under 5 mg kg-1 Cd treatment. At the meantime, in the rhizosphere soils, pH increased by 0.05, the contents of exchangeable Cd (EX-Cd) and Fe-Mn oxides (OX-Cd) increased by 107.8% and 33.5%, whereas organic matter (OM-Cd) and residual (Res-Cd) decreased by 31.9% and 60.0%, respectively. The activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) increased by 28.3%, catalase (CAT), saccharase (SUC) activity decreased by 28.5% and 26.0%. Similarly, the Cd contents in root, culm, leaf, hull and brown rice reduced by 42.1%, 42.5%, 58.0%, 50.3%, and 68.8%, respectively, and the BCF lowered by 57.1%, under 10 mg kg-1 Cd treatment. Simultaneously, the soil pH increased by 0.06, the activities of CAT, SUC, urease (URE), ACP decreased by 26.4%, 34.6%, 63.8% and 15.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation analysis showed that the inoculation of TCd-1 changed the correlation between rice Cd content and the biomass of roots, leaves, soil pH, CAT, PPO, URE activities, OM-Cd in rhizosphere soils. It suggested that Pseudomonas TCd-1 effectively reduced Cd uptake and Cd accumulation in rice was closely linked to the changes of soil pH, enzyme activities and Cd availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaosan He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qixin Lü
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingtie Xiao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Ruiyu Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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14
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Huang S, Rao G, Ashraf U, Deng Q, Dong H, Zhang H, Mo Z, Pan S, Tang X. Ultrasonic seed treatment improved morpho-physiological and yield traits and reduced grain Cd concentrations in rice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 214:112119. [PMID: 33714137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice cultivation under cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil often results in reduced growth with excess grain Cd concentrations. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the potential of ultrasonic seed treatment to alleviate Cd stress in rice. Seeds of two aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Xiangyaxiangzhan and Meixiangzhan 2 and two non-aromatic rice cultivars i.e., Huahang 31 and Guangyan 1 were exposed to ultrasonic waves for 1.5 min in 20-40 KHz mixing frequency. The experimental treatments were comprised of untreated seeds (U0) and ultrasonic treated seeds (U1) transplanted in un-contaminated soil (H0) and Cd-contaminated soil (H1). Results revealed that Cd contents and Cd accumulation in grain in U1 were 33.33-42.31% and 12.86-57.58% lower than U0 for fragrant rice cultivars under H1. Meanwhile, biomass production was higher in U1 than U0 under H0 and better yield was assessed in U1 for all cultivars under H1. The activity of peroxidase (POD) in flag leaves was increased by 8.28-115.65% for all cultivars while malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were significantly decreased in U1 compared with U0 under H0. Conclusively, ultrasonic treatment modulated Cd distribution and accumulation in different parts while improved physiological performance as well as yield and grain quality of rice under Cd contaminated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gangshun Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Quanqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hao Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huailin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shenggang Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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15
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Lu SF, Wu YL, Chen Z, Li T, Shen C, Xuan LK, Xu L. Remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater using chemical reduction and solidification/stabilization method: a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:12766-12779. [PMID: 33094457 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a systematic on-site remediation case involving both heavy metal and organic contaminants in soil and groundwater in a historically industrial-used site in Shanghai, China. Lab-scale experiments and field tests were conducted to determine the optimum parameters for the removal of contaminants in soil and groundwater. It has been found that the remediation goal of hexavalent chromium in soil could be achieved with the mass content of added sodium hydrosulfite and ferrous sulfate reaching 3% + 6%. The total chromium in the groundwater was effectively removed, when the mass ratio of sodium metabisulfite was not less than 3 g/L, and the added quick lime made pH value not less than 9. The concentrations of arsenic and 1,2-dichloropropane in the groundwater decreased evidently after extraction and mixing of groundwater. The pH and calcium chloride dosage added should be larger than 9.5 and 5 g/L, respectively, to remove phosphate in groundwater. The removal efficiency of those contaminants was examined and evaluated after the on-site remediation. The results demonstrated that it was feasible to use the chemical reduction and solidification/stabilization methods for the on-site ex situ remediation of this site, which could be referenced for the realistic remediation of similar sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Feng Lu
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road No. 28, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Lin Wu
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Zhan Chen
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Tao Li
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Chao Shen
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Lin-Kang Xuan
- SGIDI Engineering Consulting (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Geo-Environment, Shuifeng Road No. 38, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road No. 28, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Kim K, Yoon S, Kwon HA, Choi Y. Effects of treatment agents during acid washing and pH neutralization on the fertility of heavy metal-impacted dredged marine sediment as plant-growing soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115466. [PMID: 32882462 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of different acids and pH neutralizers applied to dredged marine sediment for the treatment of heavy metals, and the resulting influence on the sediment quality as a plant growth medium. The inspection of barley germination in the dredged marine sediment revealed that residual salts are critical plant stressors whose adverse effects exceed those exhibited by high-level heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons present in the sediment. Acid washing and pH neutralization reduced not only the heavy metal contents but also the sediment salinity (by factors of 6.1-9.5), resulting in 100% germination of barley. For acid-washed and calcium-oxide-neutralized sediment, the barley growth was comparable to that observed in untreated and water washed sediment despite factors of 5.2-8.0 greater sediment salinity in the former. This result represents the protective effect of residual calcium against sodium and chloride toxicity. Water washing of acid-washed and pH-neutralized sediments further enhanced barley growth owing to the reduction in osmotic pressure. This study showed the effect of different sediment-washing reagents on the product quality. It also indicated the significance of balancing the enhancement of product quality and economic cost of further treatment requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibeum Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Water Cycle Research Center, National Agenda Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Kwon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongju Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Construction and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Luo W, Wang D, Xu Z, Liao G, Chen D, Huang X, Wang Y, Yang S, Zhao L, Huang H, Li Y, Wei W, Long Y, Du Z. Effects of cadmium pollution on the safety of rice and fish in a rice-fish coculture system. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105898. [PMID: 32623219 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The rice-fish coculture system (RFS) is one of the most important and environmentally friendly agricultural systems in the world. With the increasing amounts of heavy metal contamination in the soil and water, the safe production of RFS has been greatly threatened. However, there are no reports on heavy metal uptake by rice and fish in a RFS. In this study, a model of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated RFS with the addition of 0-40.00 mg kg-1Cd was simulated in the field. The accumulation of Cd in the rice and fish increased as the level of Cd contamination increased. Regardless of the level of contamination, the order of Cd accumulation in the rice was root > stem ≈ leaf > rice grain > brown grain and in the fish was liver ≈ gut > kidney > gill > muscle. The dissolved oxygen (DO) and the transparency of water were significantly reduced after the fish were added. The tendency of the Cd to accumulate in the fish correlated with the change of the concentration of Cd in the water (P < 0.05). According to the maximum level of Cd in the brown grains (0.40 mg kg-1) and in the fish muscle (0.10 mg kg-1) of Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), the safety threshold of soil Cd for the rice and the fish was calculated to be 5.86 mg kg-1 and 31.47 mg kg-1, respectively, indicating that the safety risk to the rice was much greater in a Cd-contaminated RFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Dongjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhou Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guoping Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Defang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liulan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huagang Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Fisheries Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenyan Wei
- Fisheries Research Institute, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuejin Long
- ZiyangYanjiang District Agricultural Bureau, Ziyang 641300, Sichuan, China
| | - Zongjun Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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18
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Joy A, Anoop PP, Rajesh R, Mathew J, Mathew A, Gopinath A. Geochemical fractionation of trace elements in the coral reef sediments of the Lakshadweep Archipelago, Indian Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111409. [PMID: 32753193 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical fractionation of seven trace elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) was investigated in the surficial coral reef sediments of three inhabited islands (Kavaratti, Kadmat, and Agatti) belonging to the Lakshadweep Archipelago. The observations indicated that the metals showed their highest contents in the residual fraction of geological origin. The extent of risk, bioavailability, and contamination of trace elements was assessed by risk assessment codes and contamination factors. Based on the results, medium potential adverse effects were observed in the sediments of Kavaratti and Agatti. The concentration of Cd in the exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions was above its global average shale value in the sediments of Kavaratti and Agatti, suggesting its high mobility and bioavailability and thus an environmental threat to the coral reef ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Joy
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - P P Anoop
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - R Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Jose Mathew
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Angel Mathew
- Department of Statistics, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Anu Gopinath
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India.
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19
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Shi J, Pang J, Liu Q, Luo Y, Ye J, Xu Q, Long B, Ye B, Yuan X. Simultaneous removal of multiple heavy metals from soil by washing with citric acid and ferric chloride. RSC Adv 2020; 10:7432-7442. [PMID: 35492199 PMCID: PMC9049904 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Citric acid and ferric chloride exhibited synergistic effect on the removal of multiple heavy metals from soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyan Shi
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jingli Pang
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Qinglin Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Yating Luo
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Jien Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Bibo Long
- Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute
- Guangdong Bioengineering Institute
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Binhui Ye
- Chengbang Eco-Environment Co., Ltd
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- College of Life Science
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
- Hangzhou
- China
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20
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Ma Q, Li J, Lee CCC, Long X, Liu Y, Wu QT. Combining potassium chloride leaching with vertical electrokinetics to remediate cadmium-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:2081-2091. [PMID: 30838487 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of combining potassium chloride (KCl) leaching and electrokinetic (EK) treatment for the remediation of cadmium (Cd) and other metals from contaminated soils. KCl leaching was compared at three concentrations (0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% KCl). EK treatment was conducted separately to migrate the metals in the topsoil to the subsoil. The combined approach using KCl leaching before or after EK treatment was compared. For the single vertical EK treatment, the removal of Cd, lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) from the topsoil (0-20 cm) was 9.38%, 4.80%, 0.95%, and 10.81%, respectively. KCl leaching at 1% KCl removed 84.06% Cd, 9.95% Pb, 4.34% Cu, and 19.93% Zn from the topsoil, with higher removal efficiency than that of the 0.2% and 0.5% KCl leaching treatments. By combining the KCl leaching and EK treatment, the removal efficiency of heavy metals improved, in particular for the 1% KCl + EK treatment, where the removal rate of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn from the upper surface soil reached 97.79%, 17.69%, 14.37%, and 41.96%, respectively. Correspondingly, the soil Cd content decreased from 4 to 0.21 mg/kg, and was below the Chinese standard limit of 0.3 mg/kg soil. These results indicate that 1% KCl + EK treatment is a good combination technique to mitigate Cd pollution from contaminated soils used for growing rice and leafy vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory on Soil Environment and Waste Reuse in Agriculture of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory on Soil Environment and Waste Reuse in Agriculture of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Charles C C Lee
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle (Australia) Singapore, 6 Temasek Blvd, Singapore, 038986, Singapore
| | - Xinxian Long
- Key Laboratory on Soil Environment and Waste Reuse in Agriculture of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongmao Liu
- Inner Mongolia Research Institute of Metallurgy, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Qi-Tang Wu
- Key Laboratory on Soil Environment and Waste Reuse in Agriculture of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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21
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Zou Q, Xiang H, Jiang J, Li D, Aihemaiti A, Yan F, Liu N. Vanadium and chromium-contaminated soil remediation using VFAs derived from food waste as soil washing agents: A case study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 232:895-901. [PMID: 30530280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) is environmentally unfriendly and decays easily under ambient conditions. Vanadium (V) and chromium (Cr) contamination in soils has become an increasing concern due to risks to human health and environmental conservation. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) derived from FW was applied as soil washing agent to treat V and Cr-contaminated soil collected from a former V smelter site in this work. The Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) three-step sequential extraction procedure was used to identify geochemical fractions of V and Cr influencing their mobility and biological toxicity. Optimal parameters of a single washing procedure were determined to be a 4 h contact time, liquid-solid ratio of 10:1, VFAs concentration of 30 g/L, and reaction temperature of 25 °C, considering for typical soil remediation projects and complete anaerobic fermentation of FW. Under the optimal conditions, butyric acid fermentation VFAs attained removal rates of 57.09 and 23.55% for extractable fractions of V and Cr, respectively. Simultaneously, a multi-washing process under a constant liquid-solid ratio using fresh and recycled VFAs was conducted, which led to an improvement on the total removal efficiency of toxic metals. The washing procedure could reach the pollution thresholds for several plants, such as of S. viridis, K. scoparia, M. sativa, and E. indica. This strategy enhances the utilization of VFAs derived from food waste, has a positive effect on V and Cr-contaminated soil remediation, wastewater control of soil washing and FW disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China.
| | - Honglin Xiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Jianguo Jiang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China; Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Management and Environment Safety, Ministry of Education, Beijing 10084, China.
| | - Dean Li
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | | | - Feng Yan
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Nuo Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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Qiu Z, Chen J, Tang J, Zhang Q. A study of cadmium remediation and mechanisms: Improvements in the stability of walnut shell-derived biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 636:80-84. [PMID: 29704719 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been recognized as an efficient soil amendment for cadmium remediation in recent years. In the present study, biochar was prepared using walnut shell, and it was incubated in Cd(NO3)2 and kaolin for 15 days. Different chemical forms of cadmium in kaolin and biochar were determined, and the stability of biochar was evaluated by R50 using TGA analysis. It was found that walnut shell derived biochar could reduce the mobility of cadmium. After incubation, the R50, biochar value increased from 61.31% to 69.57%-72.24%, indicating that the stability of biochar was improved. The mechanisms that initiated improvements in biochar stability were investigated by XPS, XRD and SEM-EDS analysis. The result showed that the enhanced biochar stability is likely due to physical isolation and the formation of precipitates and complexes, formed on the surface or interior of the biochar. The results suggested that walnut shell-derived biochar can be used as a cadmium sorbent for soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qiu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhuan Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Tang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuzhuo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai 200062, China.
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Meng F, Yuan G, Wei J, Bi D, Ok YS, Wang H. Humic substances as a washing agent for Cd-contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:461-467. [PMID: 28458221 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cost-effective and eco-friendly washing agents are in demand for Cd contaminated soils. Here, we used leonardite-derived humic substances to wash different types of Cd-contaminated soils, namely, a silty loam (Soil 1), a silty clay loam (Soil 2), and a sandy loam (Soil 3). Washing conditions were investigated for their effects on Cd removal efficiency. Cadmium removal was enhanced by a high humic substance concentration, long washing time, near neutral pH, and large solution/soil ratio. Based on the tradeoff between efficiency and cost, an optimum working condition was established as follows: humic substance concentration (3150 mg C/L), solution pH (6.0), washing time (2 h) and a washing solution/soil ratio (5). A single washing removed 0.55 mg Cd/kg from Soil 1 (1.33 mg Cd/kg), 2.32 mg Cd/kg from Soil 2 (6.57 mg Cd/kg), and 1.97 mg Cd/kg from Soil 3 (2.63 mg Cd/kg). Cd in effluents was effectively treated by adding a small dose of calcium hydroxide, reducing its concentration below the discharge limit of 0.1 mg/L in China. Being cost-effective and safe, humic substances have a great potential to replace common washing agents for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Besides being environmentally benign, humic substances can improve soil physical, chemical, and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fande Meng
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guodong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
| | - Dongxue Bi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science & Korea Biochar Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China; Guangdong Dazhong Agriculture Science Co. Ltd., Hongmei Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong 523169, China.
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24
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Fedje KK, Strömvall AM. Evaluation of solid residues quality after enhanced Cu leaching of polluted soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:676-682. [PMID: 26475239 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Karlfeldt Fedje
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; Recycling and Waste Management, Renova AB, Box 156, SE-401 22 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Ann-Margret Strömvall
- Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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25
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Kong X, Han Z, Zhang W, Song L, Li H. Synthesis of zeolite-supported microscale zero-valent iron for the removal of Cr(6+) and Cd(2+) from aqueous solution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 169:84-90. [PMID: 26731307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Zeolite-supported microscale zero-valent iron (Z-mZVI) was synthesized and used to remove heavy metal cation (Cd(2+)) and anion (Cr(6+)) from aqueous solution. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed that mZVI (100-200 nm) has been successfully loaded and efficiently dispersed on zeolite. Atomic absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) revealed the amount of stabilized mZVI was about 1.3 wt.%. The synthesized Z-mZVI has much higher reduction ability and adsorption capacity for Cr(6+) and Cd(2+) compared to bare nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and zeolite. Above 77% Cr(6+) and 99% Cd(2+) were removed by Z-mZVI, while only 45% Cr(6+) and 9% Cd(2+) were removed by the same amount iron of nZVI, and 1% Cr(6+) and 39% Cd(2+) were removed by zeolite alone with an initial concentration of 20 mg/L Cr(6+) and 200 mg/L Cd(2+). The removal of Cr(6+) by Z-mZVI follows the pseudo first-order kinetics model, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed that Cr(6+) was reduced to Cr(3+) and immobilized on the surface of Z-mZVI. The removal mechanisms for Cr(6+) include reduction, adsorption of Cr(3+) hydroxides and/or mixed Fe(3+)/Cr(3+) (oxy)hydroxides. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicated that chemical sorption might be rate-limiting in the sorption of Cd(2+) by Z-mZVI. This synthesized Z-mZVI has shown the potential as an efficient and promising reactive material for removing various heavy metals from wastewater or polluted groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangke Kong
- Institute of Hydrogeology & Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination Remediation, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China
| | - Zhantao Han
- Institute of Hydrogeology & Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination Remediation, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Hydrogeology & Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination Remediation, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China
| | - Le Song
- Institute of Hydrogeology & Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination Remediation, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Hydrogeology & Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination Remediation, Shijiazhuang, 050061, China
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26
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Guo X, Wei Z, Wu Q, Li C, Qian T, Zheng W. Effect of soil washing with only chelators or combining with ferric chloride on soil heavy metal removal and phytoavailability: Field experiments. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 147:412-419. [PMID: 26774307 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a field experiment on multi-metal contaminated soil, we investigated the efficiency of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu removal by only mixture of chelators (MC) or combining with FeCl3. After washing treatment, a co-cropping system was performed for heavy metals to be extracted by Sedum alfredii and to produce safe food from Zea mays. We analyzed the concentration of heavy metals in groundwater to evaluate the leashing risk of soil washing with FeCl3 and MC. Results showed that addition of FeCl3 was favorable to the removal of heavy metals in the topsoil. Metal leaching occurred mainly in rain season during the first co-cropping. The removal rates of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Cu in topsoil were 28%, 53%, 41%, and 21% with washing by FeCl3+MC after first harvest. The application of FeCl3 reduced the yield of S. alfredii and increased the metals concentration of Z. mays in first harvest. However, after amending soil, the metals concentration of Z. mays in FeCl3+MC treatment were similar to that only washing by MC. The grains and shoots of Z. mays were safe for use in feed production. Soil washing did not worsen groundwater contamination during the study period. But the concentration of Cd in groundwater was higher than the limit value of Standard concentrations for Groundwater IV. This study suggests that soil washing using FeCl3 and MC for the remediation of multi-metal contaminated soil is potential feasibility. However, the subsequent measure to improve the washed soil environment for planting crop is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Guo
- School of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ecological Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zebin Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ecological Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qitang Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ecological Agriculture of Ministry of Agriculture of China, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chunping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials, Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science Research, Beijing 100041, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- School of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- School of Environment and Safety, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Li YJ, Hu PJ, Zhao J, Dong CX. Remediation of cadmium- and lead-contaminated agricultural soil by composite washing with chlorides and citric acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:5563-5571. [PMID: 25342453 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Composite washing of cadmium (Cd)- and lead (Pb)-contaminated agricultural soil from Hunan province in China using mixtures of chlorides (FeCl3, CaCl2) and citric acid (CA) was investigated. The concentrations of composite washing agents for metal removal were optimized. Sequential extraction was conducted to study the changes in metal fractions after soil washing. The removal of two metals at optimum concentration was reached. Using FeCl3 mixed with CA, 44% of Cd and 23% of Pb were removed, and 49 and 32% by CaCl2 mixed with CA, respectively. The mechanism of composite washing was postulated. A mixture of chlorides and CA enhanced metal extraction from soil through the formation of metal-chloride and metal-citrate complexes. CA in extract solutions promoted the formation of metal-chloride complexes and reduced the solution pH. Composite washing reduced Cd and Pb in Fe-Mn oxide forms significantly. Chlorides and CA exerted a synergistic effect on metal extraction during composite washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-jiao Li
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China,
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28
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Volchko Y, Norrman J, Rosén L, Norberg T. SF Box--a tool for evaluating the effects on soil functions in remediation projects. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2014; 10:566-575. [PMID: 24903441 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.1552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Although remediation is usually aimed at reducing the risks posed by contaminants to human health and the environment, it is also desirable that the remediated soil within future green spaces is capable of providing relevant ecological functions, e.g., basis for primary production. Yet while addressing a contamination problem by reducing contaminant concentration and/or amounts in the soil, the remedial action itself can lead to soil structure disturbances, decline in organic matter and nutrient deficiencies, and in turn affect a soil's capacity to carry out its ecological soil functions. This article presents the Soil Function Box (SF Box) tool that is aimed to facilitate integration of information from suggested soil quality indicators (SQIs) into a management process in remediation using a scoring method. The scored SQIs are integrated into a soil quality index corresponding to 1 of 5 classes. SF Box is applied to 2 cases from Sweden (Kvillebäcken and Hexion), explicitly taking into consideration uncertainties in the results by means of Monte Carlo simulations. At both sites the generated soil quality indices corresponded to a medium soil performance (soil class 3) with a high certainty. The main soil constraints at both Kvillebäcken and Hexion were associated with biological activity in the soil, as soil organisms were unable to supply plant-available N. At the Kvillebäcken site the top layer had a content of coarse fragment (ø > 2 mm) higher than 35%, indicating plant rooting limitations. At the Hexion site, the soil had limited amount of organic matter, thus poor aggregate stability and nutrient cycling potential. In contrast, the soil at Kvillebäcken was rich in organic matter. The soils at both sites were capable of storing a sufficient amount of water for soil organisms between precipitation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniya Volchko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
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29
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Volchko Y, Norrman J, Rosén L, Bergknut M, Josefsson S, Söderqvist T, Norberg T, Wiberg K, Tysklind M. Using soil function evaluation in multi-criteria decision analysis for sustainability appraisal of remediation alternatives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 485-486:785-791. [PMID: 24529453 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination is one of the major threats constraining proper functioning of the soil and thus provision of ecosystem services. Remedial actions typically only address the chemical soil quality by reducing total contaminant concentrations to acceptable levels guided by land use. However, emerging regulatory requirements on soil protection demand a holistic view on soil assessment in remediation projects thus accounting for a variety of soil functions. Such a view would require not only that the contamination concentrations are assessed and attended to, but also that other aspects are taking into account, thus addressing also physical and biological as well as other chemical soil quality indicators (SQIs). This study outlines how soil function assessment can be a part of a holistic sustainability appraisal of remediation alternatives using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The paper presents a method for practitioners for evaluating the effects of remediation alternatives on selected ecological soil functions using a suggested minimum data set (MDS) containing physical, biological and chemical SQIs. The measured SQIs are transformed into sub-scores by the use of scoring curves, which allows interpretation and the integration of soil quality data into the MCDA framework. The method is demonstrated at a study site (Marieberg, Sweden) and the results give an example of how soil analyses using the suggested MDS can be used for soil function assessment and subsequent input to the MCDA framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniya Volchko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Sven Hultins gata 8, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Norrman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Sven Hultins gata 8, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Rosén
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Sven Hultins gata 8, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bergknut
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Envix, SE-906 20 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sarah Josefsson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tore Söderqvist
- Enveco Environmental Economics Consultancy, Måsholmstorget 3, SE-127 48 Skärholmen, Sweden
| | - Tommy Norberg
- Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology & University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Wiberg
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Tysklind
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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30
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Bolan N, Kunhikrishnan A, Thangarajan R, Kumpiene J, Park J, Makino T, Kirkham MB, Scheckel K. Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils--to mobilize or to immobilize? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 266:141-66. [PMID: 24394669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 901] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Unlike organic contaminants, metal(loid)s do not undergo microbial or chemical degradation and persist for a long time after their introduction. Bioavailability of metal(loid)s plays a vital role in the remediation of contaminated soils. In this review, the remediation of heavy metal(loid) contaminated soils through manipulating their bioavailability using a range of soil amendments will be presented. Mobilizing amendments such as chelating and desorbing agents increase the bioavailability and mobility of metal(loid)s. Immobilizing amendments such of precipitating agents and sorbent materials decrease the bioavailabilty and mobility of metal(loid)s. Mobilizing agents can be used to enhance the removal of heavy metal(loid)s though plant uptake and soil washing. Immobilizing agents can be used to reduce the transfer to metal(loid)s to food chain via plant uptake and leaching to groundwater. One of the major limitations of mobilizing technique is susceptibility to leaching of the mobilized heavy metal(loid)s in the absence of active plant uptake. Similarly, in the case of the immobilization technique the long-term stability of the immobilized heavy metal(loid)s needs to be monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthi Bolan
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Anitha Kunhikrishnan
- Chemical Safety Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramya Thangarajan
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jurate Kumpiene
- Waste Science and Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå SE-97187, Sweden
| | - Jinhee Park
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Tomoyuki Makino
- Soil Environmental Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mary Beth Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, 2004 Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kirk Scheckel
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA
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Du Y, Hu XF, Wu XH, Shu Y, Jiang Y, Yan XJ. Affects of mining activities on Cd pollution to the paddy soils and rice grain in Hunan province, Central South China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:9843-56. [PMID: 23775460 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-013-3296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Located in Central South China, Hunan province is rich in mineral resources. To study the influence of mining on Cd pollution to local agricultural eco-system, the paddy soils and rice grain of Y county in northern Hunan province were intensively monitored. The results were as follows: (1) Total Cd (T-Cd) content in the soils of the county ranges from 0.13 to 6.02 mg kg(-1), with a mean of 0.64 mg kg(-1), of which 57.5% exceed the allowable limit specified by the China Soil Environmental Quality Standards. T-Cd in the soils varies largely, with the coefficient of variation reaching 146.4%. The spatial distribution of T-Cd in the soils quite matches with that of mining and industries. The content of HCl-extractable Cd (HCl-Cd) in the soils ranges from 0.02 to 2.17 mg kg(-1), with a mean of 0.24 mg kg(-1). A significant positive correlation exists between T-Cd and HCl-Cd in the soils (r = 0.770, ρ < 0.01). (2) Cd content in the rice produced in Y county ranges from 0.01 to 2.77 mg kg(-1), with a mean of 0.46 mg kg(-1). The rate of rice with Cd exceeding the allowable limit specified by the Chinese Grain Security Standards reaches 59.6%; that with Cd exceeding 1 mg kg(-1), called as "Cd rice," reaches 11.1%. (3) Cd content in the rice of Y county is positively significantly correlated with HCl-Cd (r = 0.177, ρ < 0.05) but not significantly with T-Cd in the soils (r = 0.091, ρ > 0.05), which suggests that the amount of Cd accumulating in the rice is more affected by its availability in the soils, rather than the total content. (4) The dietary intake of Cd via rice consumption in Y county is estimated to be 179.9 μg day(-1) person(-1) on average, which is far beyond the allowable limit specified by FAO/WHO and the target hazard quotients of Cd much higher than 1, suggesting the high risk on human health from Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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Volchko Y, Norrman J, Bergknut M, Rosén L, Söderqvist T. Incorporating the soil function concept into sustainability appraisal of remediation alternatives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 129:367-376. [PMID: 23994579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Soil functions are critical for ecosystem survival and thus for an ecosystem's provision of services to humans. This is recognized in the proposed EU Soil Framework Directive from 2006, which lists seven important soil functions and services to be considered in a soil management practice. Emerging regulatory requirements demand a holistic view on soil evaluation in remediation projects. This paper presents a multi-scale, structured and transparent approach for incorporating the soil function concept into sustainability appraisal of remediation alternatives using a set of ecological, socio-cultural and economic criteria. The basis for the presented approach is a conceptualization of the linkages between soil functions and ecosystem services connected to with the sustainability paradigm. The approach suggests using (1) soil quality indicators (i.e. physical, chemical and biological soil properties) for exploring the performance of soil functions at the site level, and (2) soil service indicators (i.e. value-related measurements) for evaluating the performance of services resulting from soil functions across all levels of the spatial scale. The suggested approach is demonstrated by application in a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework for sustainability appraisals of remediation alternatives. Further, the possibilities of using soil quality indicators for soil function evaluation are explored by reviewing existing literature on potential negative and positive effects of remediation technologies on the functionality of the treated soil. The suggested approach for including the soil function concept in remediation projects is believed to provide a basis for better informed decisions that will facilitate efficient management of contaminated land and to meet emerging regulatory requirements on soil protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniya Volchko
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Zhang H, Luo Y, Makino T, Wu L, Nanzyo M. The heavy metal partition in size-fractions of the fine particles in agricultural soils contaminated by waste water and smelter dust. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 248-249:303-312. [PMID: 23416473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The partitioning of pollutant in the size-fractions of fine particles is particularly important to its migration and bioavailability in soil environment. However, the impact of pollution sources on the partitioning was seldom addressed in the previous studies. In this study, the method of continuous flow ultra-centrifugation was developed to separate three size fractions (<1 μm, <0.6 μm and <0.2 μm) of the submicron particles from the soil polluted by wastewater and smelter dust respectively. The mineralogy and physicochemical properties of each size-fraction were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope etc. Total content of the polluted metals and their chemical speciation were measured. A higher enrichment factor of the metals in the fractions of <1 μm or less were observed in the soil contaminated by wastewater than by smelter dust. The organic substance in the wastewater and calcite from lime application were assumed to play an important role in the metal accumulation in the fine particles of the wastewater polluted soil. While the metal accumulation in the fine particles of the smelter dust polluted soil is mainly associated with Mn oxides. Cadmium speciation in both soils is dominated by dilute acid soluble form and lead speciation in the smelter dust polluted soil is dominated by reducible form in all particles. This implied that the polluted soils might be a high risk to human health and ecosystem due to the high bioaccessibility of the metals as well as the mobility of the fine particles in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Zhang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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NAKATANI K, MAKINO Y, SHIMURA Y, FURUMURA T, MIZUSAWA K, USHIKU J, FUKUSHIMA H, KANEKO T, TSUDA A, SAKAI M. Insolubilization of Cadmium in Paddy Field Using Atomized Iron Powder and Extracting Reagent. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:1103-6. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoharu NAKATANI
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Yuichi MAKINO
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Yuki SHIMURA
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Tomohiro FURUMURA
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Keiichi MIZUSAWA
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Jun USHIKU
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Hisayo FUKUSHIMA
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Tomonori KANEKO
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | - Ayako TSUDA
- Division of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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Yi YM, Oh CT, Kim GJ, Lee CH, Sung KJ. Changes in the Physicochemical Properties of Soil According to Soil Remediation Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7857/jsge.2012.17.4.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nagai T, Horio T, Yokoyama A, Kamiya T, Takano H, Makino T. Ecological risk assessment of on-site soil washing with iron(III) chloride in cadmium-contaminated paddy field. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2012; 80:84-90. [PMID: 22377402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
On-site soil washing with iron(III) chloride reduces Cd levels in soil, and thus the human health risks caused by Cd in food. However, it may threaten aquatic organisms when soil washing effluent is discharged to open aquatic systems. Therefore, we conducted trial-scale on-site soil washing and ecological risk assessment in Nagano and Niigata prefectures, Japan. The ecological effect of effluent water was investigated by two methods. The first was bioassay using standard aquatic test organisms. Twice-diluted effluent water from the Nagano site and the original effluent water from the Niigata site had no significant effects on green algae, water flea, caddisfly, and fish. The safe dilution rates were estimated as 20 times and 10 times for the Nagano and Niigata sites, respectively, considering an assessment factor of 10. The second method was probabilistic effect analysis using chemical analysis and the species sensitivity distribution concept. The mixture effects of CaCl(2), Al, Zn, and Mn were considered by applying a response additive model. The safe dilution rates, assessed for a potentially affected fraction of species of 5%, were 7.1 times and 23.6 times for the Nagano and Niigata sites, respectively. The actual dilution rates of effluent water by river water at the Nagano and Niigata sites were 2200-67,000 times and 1300-110,000 times, respectively. These are much larger than the safe dilution rates derived from the two approaches. Consequently, the ecological risk to aquatic organisms of soil washing is evaluated as being below the concern level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nagai
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai 3-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
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Sato A, Takeda H, Oyanagi W, Nishihara E, Murakami M. Reduction of cadmium uptake in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) by soil amendment with animal waste compost. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 181:298-304. [PMID: 20594987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2009] [Revised: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of animal waste compost (AWC) in reducing Cd uptake by spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Spinach was grown in a field that had been treated by having cattle, swine, or poultry waste compost incorporated into the soil before each crop throughout 4 years of rotational vegetable production. Cadmium concentration was 34-38% lower in spinach harvested from the AWC-treated soils than in the chemical fertilizer-treated soil. Although the repeated application of swine and poultry compost caused significant P accumulation in the cropped soils, that of cattle compost did not. These results indicate that cattle compost with high affinity for Cd and low P content should be the preferred soil amendment when used to reduce Cd uptake by spinach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sato
- Niigata Horticultural Research Center, Seiro, Niigata, Japan.
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Makino T, Takano H, Kamiya T, Itou T, Sekiya N, Inahara M, Sakurai Y. Restoration of cadmium-contaminated paddy soils by washing with ferric chloride: Cd extraction mechanism and bench-scale verification. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 70:1035-43. [PMID: 17919681 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2006] [Revised: 07/29/2007] [Accepted: 07/31/2007] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The ability of FeCl3 to extract Cd from three paddy soils was compared with that of various irons, manganese, and zinc salts to elucidate the extraction mechanism. Manganese, zinc and iron salts (including FeCl3) extracted 4-41%, 8-44% and 24-66% of total Cd, respectively. This difference reflected the pH of the extraction solution, indicating that the primary mechanism of Cd extraction by FeCl3 is proton release coupled with hydroxide generation, as iron hydroxides are insoluble. Washing with FeCl3 led to the formation of Cd-chloride complexes, enhancing Cd extraction from the soils. FeCl3 effectively extracted Cd from all of the three soils compared to HCl that is a conventional washing chemical, when the concentrations of the two washing chemicals were between 15 and 60mM(c) (at above extraction pH 2.4), while the corresponding extraction pH of FeCl3 was slightly higher than HCl. As HCl is the strong acid of complete dissociation, if excess amount of HCl was added to soil, it is possible to give the dissolution of clay minerals in soils. In contrast, proton release from FeCl3 is controlled by the chemical equilibrium of hydroxide formation. While soil fertility properties were affected by a bench-scale soil washing with 45mM(c) FeCl3, adverse effects were not crucial and could be corrected. The bench-scale test confirmed the effectiveness of FeCl3 for removal of soil Cd. The washing had no negative effect on rice yield and lowered the Cd concentration of rice grain and rice straw in a pot experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Makino
- National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan.
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