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Mata-Pérez C, Sánchez-Vicente I, Arteaga N, Gómez-Jiménez S, Fuentes-Terrón A, Oulebsir CS, Calvo-Polanco M, Oliver C, Lorenzo Ó. Functions of nitric oxide-mediated post-translational modifications under abiotic stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1158184. [PMID: 37063215 PMCID: PMC10101340 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1158184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions greatly impact plant growth and development. In the current context of both global climate change and land degradation, abiotic stresses usually lead to growth restriction limiting crop production. Plants have evolved to sense and respond to maximize adaptation and survival; therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in the different converging signaling networks becomes critical for improving plant tolerance. In the last few years, several studies have shown the plant responses against drought and salinity, high and low temperatures, mechanical wounding, heavy metals, hypoxia, UV radiation, or ozone stresses. These threats lead the plant to coordinate a crosstalk among different pathways, highlighting the role of phytohormones and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). In particular, plants sense these reactive species through post-translational modification (PTM) of macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and fatty acids, hence triggering antioxidant responses with molecular implications in the plant welfare. Here, this review compiles the state of the art about how plant systems sense and transduce this crosstalk through PTMs of biological molecules, highlighting the S-nitrosylation of protein targets. These molecular mechanisms finally impact at a physiological level facing the abiotic stressful traits that could lead to establishing molecular patterns underlying stress responses and adaptation strategies.
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Lobo AKM, Catarino ICA, Silva EA, Centeno DC, Domingues DS. Physiological and Molecular Responses of Woody Plants Exposed to Future Atmospheric CO2 Levels under Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141880. [PMID: 35890514 PMCID: PMC9322912 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is mainly driven by the accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere in the last century. Plant growth is constantly challenged by environmental fluctuations including heat waves, severe drought and salinity, along with ozone accumulation in the atmosphere. Food security is at risk in an increasing world population, and it is necessary to face the current and the expected effects of global warming. The effects of the predicted environment scenario of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) and more severe abiotic stresses have been scarcely investigated in woody plants, and an integrated view involving physiological, biochemical and molecular data is missing. This review highlights the effects of elevated CO2 in the metabolism of woody plants and the main findings of its interaction with abiotic stresses, including a molecular point of view, aiming to improve the understanding of how woody plants will face the predicted environmental conditions. Overall, e[CO2] stimulates photosynthesis and growth and attenuates mild to moderate abiotic stress in woody plants if root growth and nutrients are not limited. Moreover, e[CO2] does not induce acclimation in most tree species. Some high-throughput analyses involving omics techniques were conducted to better understand how these processes are regulated. Finally, knowledge gaps in the understanding of how the predicted climate condition will affect woody plant metabolism were identified, with the aim of improving the growth and production of this plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karla M. Lobo
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (A.K.M.L.); (D.S.D.)
| | - Ingrid C. A. Catarino
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil;
| | - Emerson A. Silva
- Institute of Environmental Research, São Paulo 04301-002, Brazil;
| | - Danilo C. Centeno
- Centre for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo 09606-045, Brazil;
| | - Douglas S. Domingues
- Department of Biodiversity, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil;
- Correspondence: (A.K.M.L.); (D.S.D.)
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3
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Watanabe M, Li J, Matsumoto M, Aoki T, Ariura R, Fuse T, Zhang Y, Kinose Y, Yamaguchi M, Izuta T. Growth and photosynthetic responses to ozone of Siebold's beech seedlings grown under elevated CO 2 and soil nitrogen supply. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119233. [PMID: 35358628 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a phytotoxic air pollutant, the adverse effects of which on growth and photosynthesis are modified by other environmental factors. In this study, we examined the combined effects of O3, elevated CO2, and soil nitrogen supply on Siebold's beech seedlings. Seedlings were grown under combinations of two levels of O3 (low and two times ambient O3 concentration), two levels of CO2 (ambient and 700 ppm), and three levels of soil nitrogen supply (0, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1 year-1) during two growing seasons (2019 and 2020), with leaf photosynthetic traits being determined during the second season. We found that elevated CO2 ameliorated O3-induced reductions in photosynthetic activity, whereas the negative effects of O3 on photosynthetic traits were enhanced by soil nitrogen supply. We observed three-factor interactions in photosynthetic traits, with the ameliorative effects of elevated CO2 on O3-induced reductions in the maximum rate of carboxylation being more pronounced under high than under low soil nitrogen conditions in July. In contrast, elevated CO2-induced amelioration of the effects of O3 on stomatal function-related traits was more pronounced under low soil nitrogen conditions. Although we observed several two- or three-factor interactions of gas and soil treatments with respect to leaf photosynthetic traits, the shoot to root dry mass (S/R) ratio was the only parameter for which a significant interaction was detected among seedling growth parameters. O3 caused a significant increase in S/R under ambient CO2 conditions, whereas no similar effects were observed under elevated CO2 conditions. Collectively, our findings reveal the complex interactive effects of elevated CO2 and soil nitrogen supply on the detrimental effects of O3 on leaf photosynthetic traits, and highlight the importance of taking into consideration differences between the responses of CO2 uptake and growth to these three environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Watanabe
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Jing Li
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Misako Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Takuro Aoki
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Ryo Ariura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fuse
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kinose
- Graduate Faculty of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izuta
- Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
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4
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Agüera E, de la Haba P. Climate Change Impacts on Sunflower ( Helianthus annus L.) Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2646. [PMID: 34961117 PMCID: PMC8705722 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The biochemical, biological, and morphogenetic processes of plants are affected by ongoing climate change, causing alterations in crop development, growth, and productivity. Climate change is currently producing ecosystem modifications, making it essential to study plants with an improved adaptive capacity in the face of environmental modifications. This work examines the physiological and metabolic changes taking place during the development of sunflower plants due to environmental modifications resulting from climate change: elevated concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and increased temperatures. Variations in growth, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism, as well as their effect on the plant's oxidative state in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) plants, are studied. An understanding of the effect of these interacting factors (elevated CO2 and elevated temperatures) on plant development and stress response is imperative to understand the impact of climate change on plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Agüera
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;
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5
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Burnett AC, Serbin SP, Rogers A. Source:sink imbalance detected with leaf- and canopy-level spectroscopy in a field-grown crop. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2466-2479. [PMID: 33764536 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The finely tuned balance between sources and sinks determines plant resource partitioning and regulates growth and development. Understanding and measuring metabolic indicators of source or sink limitation forms a vital part of global efforts to increase crop yield for future food security. We measured metabolic profiles of Cucurbita pepo (zucchini) grown in the field under carbon sink limitation and control conditions. We demonstrate that these profiles can be measured non-destructively using hyperspectral reflectance at both leaf and canopy scales. Total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) increased 82% in sink-limited plants; leaf mass per unit area (LMA) increased 38% and free amino acids increased 22%. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) models link these measured functional traits with reflectance data, enabling high-throughput estimation of traits comprising the sink limitation response. Leaf- and canopy-scale models for TNC had R2 values of 0.93 and 0.64 and %RMSE of 13 and 38%, respectively. For LMA, R2 values were 0.91 and 0.60 and %RMSE 7 and 14%; for free amino acids, R2 was 0.53 and 0.21 with %RMSE 20 and 26%. Remote sensing can enable accurate, rapid detection of sink limitation in the field at the leaf and canopy scale, greatly expanding our ability to understand and measure metabolic responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Burnett
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - Shawn P Serbin
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
| | - Alistair Rogers
- Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA
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Morales LO, Shapiguzov A, Safronov O, Leppälä J, Vaahtera L, Yarmolinsky D, Kollist H, Brosché M. Ozone responses in Arabidopsis: beyond stomatal conductance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:180-192. [PMID: 33624812 PMCID: PMC8154098 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a major air pollutant that decreases yield of important crops worldwide. Despite long-lasting research of its negative effects on plants, there are many gaps in our knowledge on how plants respond to O3. In this study, we used natural variation in the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) to characterize molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying O3 sensitivity. A key parameter in models for O3 damage is stomatal uptake. Here we show that the extent of O3 damage in the sensitive Arabidopsis accession Shahdara (Sha) does not correspond with O3 uptake, pointing toward stomata-independent mechanisms for the development of O3 damage. We compared tolerant (Col-0) versus sensitive accessions (Sha, Cvi-0) in assays related to photosynthesis, cell death, antioxidants, and transcriptional regulation. Acute O3 exposure increased cell death, development of lesions in the leaves, and decreased photosynthesis in sensitive accessions. In both Sha and Cvi-0, O3-induced lesions were associated with decreased maximal chlorophyll fluorescence and low quantum yield of electron transfer from Photosystem II to plastoquinone. However, O3-induced repression of photosynthesis in these two O3-sensitive accessions developed in different ways. We demonstrate that O3 sensitivity in Arabidopsis is influenced by genetic diversity given that Sha and Cvi-0 developed accession-specific transcriptional responses to O3. Our findings advance the understanding of plant responses to O3 and set a framework for future studies to characterize molecular and physiological mechanisms allowing plants to respond to high O3 levels in the atmosphere as a result of high air pollution and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis O Morales
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Science & Technology, The Life Science Center-Biology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Alexey Shapiguzov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Omid Safronov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Leppälä
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Hannes Kollist
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Micromanagement of Developmental and Stress-Induced Senescence: The Emerging Role of MicroRNAs. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030210. [PMID: 30871088 PMCID: PMC6470504 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short (19⁻24-nucleotide-long), non-coding RNA molecules. They downregulate gene expression by triggering the cleavage or translational inhibition of complementary mRNAs. Senescence is a stage of development following growth completion and is dependent on the expression of specific genes. MicroRNAs control the gene expression responsible for plant competence to answer senescence signals. Therefore, they coordinate the juvenile-to-adult phase transition of the whole plant, the growth and senescence phase of each leaf, age-related cellular structure changes during vessel formation, and remobilization of resources occurring during senescence. MicroRNAs are also engaged in the ripening and postharvest senescence of agronomically important fruits. Moreover, the hormonal regulation of senescence requires microRNA contribution. Environmental cues, such as darkness or drought, induce senescence-like processes in which microRNAs also play regulatory roles. In this review, we discuss recent findings concerning the role of microRNAs in the senescence of various plant species.
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8
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Gamage D, Thompson M, Sutherland M, Hirotsu N, Makino A, Seneweera S. New insights into the cellular mechanisms of plant growth at elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1233-1246. [PMID: 29611206 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2 ]) significantly influences plant growth, development, and biomass. Increased photosynthesis rate, together with lower stomatal conductance, has been identified as the key factors that stimulate plant growth at elevated [CO2 ] (e[CO2 ]). However, variations in photosynthesis and stomatal conductance alone cannot fully explain the dynamic changes in plant growth. Stimulation of photosynthesis at e[CO2 ] is always associated with post-photosynthetic secondary metabolic processes that include carbon and nitrogen metabolism, cell cycle functions, and hormonal regulation. Most studies have focused on photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in response to e[CO2 ], despite the emerging evidence of e[CO2 ]'s role in moderating secondary metabolism in plants. In this review, we briefly discuss the effects of e[CO2 ] on photosynthesis and stomatal conductance and then focus on the changes in other cellular mechanisms and growth processes at e[CO2 ] in relation to plant growth and development. Finally, knowledge gaps in understanding plant growth responses to e[CO2 ] have been identified with the aim of improving crop productivity under a CO2 rich atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dananjali Gamage
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Kamburupitiya, 81 100, Sri Lanka
| | - Michael Thompson
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
| | - Mark Sutherland
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
| | - Naoki Hirotsu
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Oura-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan
| | - Amane Makino
- Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
| | - Saman Seneweera
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, 4350, Australia
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Kamburupitiya, 81 100, Sri Lanka
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Domec JC, Smith DD, McCulloh KA. A synthesis of the effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment on plant hydraulics: implications for whole-plant water use efficiency and resistance to drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:921-937. [PMID: 27739596 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we summarize studies on the effects of elevated [CO2 ] (CO2e ) on the structure and function of plant hydraulic architecture and explore the implications of those changes using a model. Changes in conduit diameter and hydraulic conductance due to CO2e vary among species. Ring-porous species tend towards an increase in conduit size and consequently conductivity. The effect in diffuse-porous species is much more limited. In conifers, the results are mixed, some species show minor changes in xylem structure, while other studies found increases in tracheid density and diameter. Non-woody plants generally exhibited the reverse pattern with narrower conduits and lower hydraulic conductivity under CO2e . Further, changes in drought-resistance traits suggest that non-woody plants were the most affected by CO2e , which may permit them to better resist drought-induced embolism under future conditions. Due to their complexity, acclimation in hydraulic traits in response to CO2e is difficult to interpret when relying solely on measurements. When we examined how the observed tissues-specific trends might alter plant function, our modelling results suggest that these hydraulic changes would lead to reduced conductance and more frequent drought stress in trees that develop under CO2e with a more pronounced effect in isohydric than in anisohydric species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Domec
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 INRA-ISPA, 33175, Gradignan Cedex, France
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Duncan D Smith
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Kate A McCulloh
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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10
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Gottardini E, Cristofori A, Pellegrini E, La Porta N, Nali C, Baldi P, Sablok G. Suppression Substractive Hybridization and NGS Reveal Differential Transcriptome Expression Profiles in Wayfaring Tree (Viburnum lantana L.) Treated with Ozone. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:713. [PMID: 27313581 PMCID: PMC4887494 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is a global air pollutant that causes high economic damages by decreasing plant productivity. It enters the leaves through the stomata, generates reactive oxygen species, which subsequent decrease in photosynthesis, plant growth, and biomass accumulation. In order to identify genes that are important for conferring O3 tolerance or sensitivity to plants, a suppression subtractive hybridization analysis was performed on the very sensitive woody shrub, Viburnum lantana, exposed to chronic O3 treatment (60 ppb, 5 h d(-1) for 45 consecutive days). Transcript profiling and relative expression assessment were carried out in asymptomatic leaves, after 15 days of O3 exposure. At the end of the experiment symptoms were observed on all treated leaves and plants, with an injured leaf area per plant accounting for 16.7% of the total surface. Cloned genes were sequenced by 454-pyrosequencing and transcript profiling and relative expression assessment were carried out on sequenced reads. A total of 38,800 and 12,495 high quality reads obtained in control and O3-treated libraries, respectively (average length of 319 ± 156.7 and 255 ± 107.4 bp). The Ensembl transcriptome yielded a total of 1241 unigenes with a total sequence length of 389,126 bp and an average length size of 389 bp (guanine-cytosine content = 49.9%). mRNA abundance was measured by reads per kilobase per million and 41 and 37 ensembl unigenes showed up- and down-regulation respectively. Unigenes functionally associated to photosynthesis and carbon utilization were repressed, demonstrating the deleterious effect of O3 exposure. Unigenes functionally associated to heat-shock proteins and glutathione were concurrently induced, suggesting the role of thylakoid-localized proteins and antioxidant-detoxification pathways as an effective strategy for responding to O3. Gene Ontology analysis documented a differential expression of co-regulated transcripts for several functional categories, including specific transcription factors (MYB and WRKY). This study demonstrates that a complex sequence of events takes place in the cells at intracellular and membrane level following O3 exposure and elucidates the effects of this oxidative stress on the transcriptional machinery of the non-model plant species V. lantana, with the final aim to provide the molecular supportive knowledge for the use of this plant as O3-bioindicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gottardini
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation CentreTrento, Italy
| | - Antonella Cristofori
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation CentreTrento, Italy
| | - Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Nicola La Porta
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation CentreTrento, Italy
- MOUNTFOR Project Centre, European Forest InstituteTrento, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Valorizzazione del Legno e delle Specie ArboreeFlorence, Italy
| | - Cristina Nali
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of PisaPisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Baldi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation CentreTrento, Italy
| | - Gaurav Sablok
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation CentreTrento, Italy
- Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3), University of Technology SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
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Mills G, Harmens H, Wagg S, Sharps K, Hayes F, Fowler D, Sutton M, Davies B. Ozone impacts on vegetation in a nitrogen enriched and changing climate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 208:898-908. [PMID: 26412200 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides a process-oriented perspective on the combined effects of ozone (O3), climate change and/or nitrogen (N) on vegetation. Whereas increasing CO2 in controlled environments or open-top chambers often ameliorates effects of O3 on leaf physiology, growth and C allocation, this is less likely in the field. Combined responses to elevated temperature and O3 have rarely been studied even though some critical growth stages such as seed initiation are sensitive to both. Under O3 exposure, many species have smaller roots, thereby enhancing drought sensitivity. Of the 68 species assessed for stomatal responses to ozone, 22.5% were unaffected, 33.5% had sluggish or increased opening and 44% stomatal closure. The beneficial effect of N on root development was lost at higher O3 treatments whilst the effects of increasing O3 on root biomass became more pronounced as N increased. Both responses to gradual changes in pollutants and climate and those under extreme weather events require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Mills
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - Harry Harmens
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Serena Wagg
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Katrina Sharps
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Felicity Hayes
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - David Fowler
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Mark Sutton
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Bill Davies
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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12
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Xu Z, Jiang Y, Zhou G. Response and adaptation of photosynthesis, respiration, and antioxidant systems to elevated CO2 with environmental stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:701. [PMID: 26442017 PMCID: PMC4564695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that plant photosynthesis and respiration are two fundamental and crucial physiological processes, while the critical role of the antioxidant system in response to abiotic factors is still a focus point for investigating physiological stress. Although one key metabolic process and its response to climatic change have already been reported and reviewed, an integrative review, including several biological processes at multiple scales, has not been well reported. The current review will present a synthesis focusing on the underlying mechanisms in the responses to elevated CO2 at multiple scales, including molecular, cellular, biochemical, physiological, and individual aspects, particularly, for these biological processes under elevated CO2 with other key abiotic stresses, such as heat, drought, and ozone pollution, as well as nitrogen limitation. The present comprehensive review may add timely and substantial information about the topic in recent studies, while it presents what has been well established in previous reviews. First, an outline of the critical biological processes, and an overview of their roles in environmental regulation, is presented. Second, the research advances with regard to the individual subtopics are reviewed, including the response and adaptation of the photosynthetic capacity, respiration, and antioxidant system to CO2 enrichment alone, and its combination with other climatic change factors. Finally, the potential applications for plant responses at various levels to climate change are discussed. The above issue is currently of crucial concern worldwide, and this review may help in a better understanding of how plants deal with elevated CO2 using other mainstream abiotic factors, including molecular, cellular, biochemical, physiological, and whole individual processes, and the better management of the ecological environment, climate change, and sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yanling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing, China
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Buchner P, Tausz M, Ford R, Leo A, Fitzgerald GJ, Hawkesford MJ, Tausz-Posch S. Expression patterns of C- and N-metabolism related genes in wheat are changed during senescence under elevated CO2 in dry-land agriculture. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:239-249. [PMID: 26025537 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Projected climatic impacts on crop yield and quality, and increased demands for production, require targeted research to optimise nutrition of crop plants. For wheat, post-anthesis carbon and nitrogen remobilisation from vegetative plant parts and translocation to grains directly affects grain carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and protein levels. We analysed the influence of increased atmospheric CO2 on the expression of genes involved in senescence, leaf carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism and assimilate transport in wheat under field conditions (Australian Grains Free Air CO2 Enrichment; AGFACE) over a time course from anthesis to maturity, the key period for grain filling. Wheat grown under CO2 enrichment had lower N concentrations and a tendency towards greater C/N ratios. A general acceleration of the senescence process by elevated CO2 was not confirmed. The expression patterns of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, nitrate reduction and metabolite transport differed between CO2 treatments, and this CO2 effect was different between pre-senescence and during senescence. The results suggest up-regulation of N remobilisation and down-regulation of C remobilisation during senescence under elevated CO2, which is consistent with greater grain N-sink strength of developing grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Buchner
- Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 4TX, UK.
| | - Michael Tausz
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC 3363, Australia.
| | - Rebecca Ford
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Audrey Leo
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Glenn J Fitzgerald
- Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia.
| | - Malcolm J Hawkesford
- Plant Biology and Crop Science Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 4TX, UK.
| | - Sabine Tausz-Posch
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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Pandey R, Zinta G, AbdElgawad H, Ahmad A, Jain V, Janssens IA. Physiological and molecular alterations in plants exposed to high [CO2] under phosphorus stress. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:303-16. [PMID: 25797341 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric [CO2] has increased substantially in recent decades and will continue to do so, whereas the availability of phosphorus (P) is limited and unlikely to increase in the future. P is a non-renewable resource, and it is essential to every form of life. P is a key plant nutrient controlling the responsiveness of photosynthesis to [CO2]. Increases in [CO2] typically results in increased biomass through stimulation of net photosynthesis, and hence enhance the demand for P uptake. However, most soils contain low concentrations of available P. Therefore, low P is one of the major growth-limiting factors for plants in many agricultural and natural ecosystems. The adaptive responses of plants to [CO2] and P availability encompass alterations at morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. In general low P reduces growth, whereas high [CO2] enhances it particularly in C3 plants. Photosynthetic capacity is often enhanced under high [CO2] with sufficient P supply through modulation of enzyme activities involved in carbon fixation such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). However, high [CO2] with low P availability results in enhanced dry matter partitioning towards roots. Alterations in below-ground processes including root morphology, exudation and mycorrhizal association are influenced by [CO2] and P availability. Under high P availability, elevated [CO2] improves the uptake of P from soil. In contrast, under low P availability, high [CO2] mainly improves the efficiency with which plants produce biomass per unit P. At molecular level, the spatio-temporal regulation of genes involved in plant adaptation to low P and high [CO2] has been studied individually in various plant species. Genome-wide expression profiling of high [CO2] grown plants revealed hormonal regulation of biomass accumulation through complex transcriptional networks. Similarly, differential transcriptional regulatory networks are involved in P-limitation responses in plants. Analysis of expression patterns of some typical P-limitation induced genes under high [CO2] suggests that long-term exposure of plants to high [CO2] would have a tendency to stimulate similar transcriptional responses as observed under P-limitation. However, studies on the combined effect of high [CO2] and low P on gene expression are scarce. Such studies would provide insights into the development of P efficient crops in the context of anticipated increases in atmospheric [CO2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Pandey
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Belgium
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610, Belgium; Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Beni-Sueif, Beni-Sueif 62511, Egypt
| | - Altaf Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 201002, India
| | - Vanita Jain
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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Wen CH, Lin SS, Chu FH. Transcriptome analysis of a subtropical deciduous tree: autumn leaf senescence gene expression profile of Formosan gum. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:163-74. [PMID: 25392065 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Autumn leaf senescence is a spectacular natural phenomenon; however, the regulation networks controlling autumnal colors and the leaf senescence program remain largely unelucidated. Whether regulation of leaf senescence is similar in subtropical deciduous plants and temperate deciduous plants is also unknown. In this study, the gene expression of a subtropical deciduous tree, Formosan gum (Liquidambar formosana Hance), was profiled. The transcriptomes of April leaves (green leaves, 'G') and December leaves (red leaves, 'R') were investigated by next-generation gene sequencing. Out of 58,402 de novo assembled contigs, 32,637 were annotated as putative genes. Furthermore, the L. formosana-specific microarray designed based on total contigs was used to extend the observation period throughout the growing seasons of 2011-2013. Network analysis from the gene expression profile focused on the genes up-regulated when autumn leaf senescence occurred. LfWRKY70, LfWRKY75, LfWRKY65, LfNAC1, LfSPL14, LfNAC100 and LfMYB113 were shown to be key regulators of leaf senescnece, and the genes regulated by LfWRKY75, LfNAC1 and LfMYB113 are candidates to link chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin biosynthesis to senescence. In summary, the gene expression profiles over the entire year of the developing leaf from subtropical deciduous trees were used for in silico analysis and the putative gene regulation in autumn coloration and leaf senescence is discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsiang Wen
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shun Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Hua Chu
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nan-Tou, Taiwan
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Booma PM, Prabhakaran S, Dhanalakshmi R. An improved Pearson's correlation proximity-based hierarchical clustering for mining biological association between genes. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:357873. [PMID: 25136661 PMCID: PMC4083291 DOI: 10.1155/2014/357873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microarray gene expression datasets has concerned great awareness among molecular biologist, statisticians, and computer scientists. Data mining that extracts the hidden and usual information from datasets fails to identify the most significant biological associations between genes. A search made with heuristic for standard biological process measures only the gene expression level, threshold, and response time. Heuristic search identifies and mines the best biological solution, but the association process was not efficiently addressed. To monitor higher rate of expression levels between genes, a hierarchical clustering model was proposed, where the biological association between genes is measured simultaneously using proximity measure of improved Pearson's correlation (PCPHC). Additionally, the Seed Augment algorithm adopts average linkage methods on rows and columns in order to expand a seed PCPHC model into a maximal global PCPHC (GL-PCPHC) model and to identify association between the clusters. Moreover, a GL-PCPHC applies pattern growing method to mine the PCPHC patterns. Compared to existing gene expression analysis, the PCPHC model achieves better performance. Experimental evaluations are conducted for GL-PCPHC model with standard benchmark gene expression datasets extracted from UCI repository and GenBank database in terms of execution time, size of pattern, significance level, biological association efficiency, and pattern quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. M. Booma
- Department of Computer and Engineering, KCG College of Technology, KCG Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Karapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600097, India
| | - S. Prabhakaran
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, National Highway 45, Potheri, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - R. Dhanalakshmi
- Department of Computer and Engineering, KCG College of Technology, KCG Nagar, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Karapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600097, India
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Liu J, Zhang J, He C, Duan A. Genes responsive to elevated CO2 concentrations in triploid white poplar and integrated gene network analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98300. [PMID: 24847851 PMCID: PMC4029852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The atmospheric CO2 concentration increases every year. While the effects of elevated CO2 on plant growth, physiology and metabolism have been studied, there is now a pressing need to understand the molecular mechanisms of how plants will respond to future increases in CO2 concentration using genomic techniques. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Gene expression in triploid white poplar ((Populus tomentosa ×P. bolleana) ×P. tomentosa) leaves was investigated using the Affymetrix poplar genome gene chip, after three months of growth in controlled environment chambers under three CO2 concentrations. Our physiological findings showed the growth, assessed as stem diameter, was significantly increased, and the net photosynthetic rate was decreased in elevated CO2 concentrations. The concentrations of four major endogenous hormones appeared to actively promote plant development. Leaf tissues under elevated CO2 concentrations had 5,127 genes with different expression patterns in comparison to leaves under the ambient CO2 concentration. Among these, 8 genes were finally selected for further investigation by using randomized variance model corrective ANOVA analysis, dynamic gene expression profiling, gene network construction, and quantitative real-time PCR validation. Among the 8 genes in the network, aldehyde dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase were situated in the core and had interconnections with other genes. CONCLUSIONS Under elevated CO2 concentrations, 8 significantly changed key genes involved in metabolism and responding to stimulus of external environment were identified. These genes play crucial roles in the signal transduction network and show strong correlations with elevated CO2 exposure. This study provides several target genes, further investigation of which could provide an initial step for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant acclimation and evolution in future rising CO2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
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Ernst D. Integrated Studies on Abiotic Stress Defence in Trees. DEVELOPMENTS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-098349-3.00014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Increase Our Understanding About Defence Responses and Genotypic Differences of Northern Deciduous Trees to Elevating Ozone, CO2 and Climate Warming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-098349-3.00015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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20
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de la Mata L, Cabello P, de la Haba P, Agüera E. Growth under elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentration accelerates leaf senescence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 169:1392-400. [PMID: 22818664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Some morphogenetic and metabolic processes were sensitive to a high atmospheric CO(2) concentration during sunflower primary leaf ontogeny. Young leaves of sunflower plants growing under elevated CO(2) concentration exhibited increased growth, as reflected by the high specific leaf mass referred to as dry weight in young leaves (16 days). The content of photosynthetic pigments decreased with leaf development, especially in plants grown under elevated CO(2) concentrations, suggesting that high CO(2) accelerates chlorophyll degradation, and also possibly leaf senescence. Elevated CO(2) concentration increased the oxidative stress in sunflower plants by increasing H(2)O(2) levels and decreasing activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. The loss of plant defenses probably increases the concentration of reactive oxygen species in the chloroplast, decreasing the photosynthetic pigment content as a result. Elevated CO(2) concentration was found to boost photosynthetic CO(2) fixation, especially in young leaves. High CO(2) also increased the starch and soluble sugar contents (glucose and fructose) and the C/N ratio during sunflower primary leaf development. At the beginning of senescence, we observed a strong increase in the hexoses to sucrose ratio that was especially marked at high CO(2) concentration. These results indicate that elevated CO(2) concentration could promote leaf senescence in sunflower plants by affecting the soluble sugar levels, the C/N ratio and the oxidative status during leaf ontogeny. It is likely that systemic signals produced in plants grown with elevated CO(2), lead to early senescence and a higher oxidation state of the cells of these plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes de la Mata
- Departamento de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis (C4), 3ª planta, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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Guo Y, Gan SS. Convergence and divergence in gene expression profiles induced by leaf senescence and 27 senescence-promoting hormonal, pathological and environmental stress treatments. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2012; 35:644-55. [PMID: 21988545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In addition to age and developmental progress, leaf senescence and senescence-associated genes (SAGs) can be induced by other factors such as plant hormones, pathogen infection and environmental stresses. The relationship is not clear, however, between these induced senescence processes and developmental leaf senescence, and to what extent these senescence-promoting signals mimic age and developmental senescence in terms of gene expression profiles. By analysing microarray expression data from 27 different treatments (that are known to promote senescence) and comparing them with that from developmental leaf senescence, we were able to show that at early stages of treatments, different hormones and stresses showed limited similarity in the induction of gene expression to that of developmental leaf senescence. Once the senescence process is initiated, as evidenced by visible yellowing, generally after a prolonged period of treatments, a great proportion of SAGs of developmental leaf senescence are shared by gene expression profiles in response to different treatments. This indicates that although different signals that lead to initiation of senescence may do so through distinct signal transduction pathways, senescence processes induced either developmentally or by different senescence-promoting treatments may share common execution events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
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Sun Z, Copolovici L, Niinemets Ü. Can the capacity for isoprene emission acclimate to environmental modifications during autumn senescence in temperate deciduous tree species Populus tremula? JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2012; 125:263-274. [PMID: 21584787 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-011-0429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Changes in isoprene emission (Φ(isoprene)), and foliage photosynthetic (A) rates, isoprene precursor dimethylallyldiphosphate (DMADP), and nitrogen and carbon contents were studied from late summer to intensive leaf fall in Populus tremula to gain insight into the emission controls by temperature and endogenous, senescence-induced, modifications. Methanol emissions, characterizing degradation of cell wall pectins, were also measured. A rapid reduction in Φ(isoprene) and A of 60-70% of the initial value was observed in response to a rapid reduction of ambient temperature by ca. 15°C (cold stress). Later phases of senescence were associated with further reductions in Φ(isoprene) and A, with simultaneous major decrease in nitrogen content. However, during episodes of temperature increase, A and in particular, Φ(isoprene) partly recovered. Variation in Φ(isoprene) during senescence was correlated with average temperature of preceding days, with the highest degree of explained variance observed with average temperature of 6 days. Throughout the study, methanol emissions were small, but a large burst of methanol emission was associated with leaf yellowing and abscission. Overall, these data demonstrate that the capacity for isoprene emission can adjust to environmental conditions in senescing leaves as well, but the responsiveness is low compared with mid-season and is also affected by stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Sun
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
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Holopainen JK, Heijari J, Oksanen E, Alessio GA. Leaf Volatile Emissions of Betula pendula during Autumn Coloration and Leaf Fall. J Chem Ecol 2010; 36:1068-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s10886-010-9857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Percy KE, Matyssek R, King JS. Facing the Future: evidence from Joint Aspen FACE, SoyFACE and SFB 607 meeting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:955-958. [PMID: 20022151 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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