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Li YS, Wei CC. Mycotoxin zearalenone induces multi-/trans-generational toxic effects and germline toxicity transmission via histone methyltransferase MES-4 in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 361:124787. [PMID: 39182817 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN), an endocrine-disrupting mycotoxin, is prevalent and persists in the environment. ZEN has the potential to cause adverse health impacts extending over generations, yet there is a lack of relevant research. Therefore, we explored the ZEN-induced multi-/trans-generational locomotive and reproductive toxicities, as well as the underlying epigenetic mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans. In multi-generational analysis, the evolution tendency and toxicity latency were observed under sustained exposure to 0.1 and 1 μM ZEN across five generations (P0-F4). The toxic effects were found in filial generations even if the initial parental exposure showed no apparent effects. Trans-generational results indicated the toxic inheritance phenomenon of 10 and 50 μM ZEN, where a single generation of ZEN exposure was sufficient to affect subsequent generations (F1-F3). Additionally, the pattern of locomotion was relatively sensitive in both generational studies, indicating varying sensitivity between indicators. Regarding epigenetic mechanism of toxicity transmission, ZEN significantly decreased the parental expression of histone methyltransferase encoded genes set-2, mes-2, and mes-4. Notably, the downregulation of mes-4 persisted in the unexposed F1 and F2 generations under trans-generational exposure. Furthermore, the mes-4 binding and reproduction-related rme-2 also decreased across generations. Moreover, parental germline specific knockdown of mes-4 eliminated the inherited locomotive and reproductive toxic effects in offspring, showing that mes-4 acted as transmitter in ZEN-induced generational toxicities. These findings suggest that ZEN is an epigenetic environmental pollutant, with a possible genetic biomarker mes-4 mediating the germline dependent transmission of ZEN-triggered toxicity over generations. This study provides significant insights into ZEN-induced epigenotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Shan Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Wei
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10055, Taiwan.
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2
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Ernst G, Amorim MJB, Bottoms M, Brooks AC, Hodson ME, Kimmel S, Kotschik P, Marx MT, Natal-da-Luz T, Pelosi C, Pieper S, Schimera A, Scott-Fordsmand J, Sharples A, Sousa JP, van Gestel CAM, van Hall B, Bergtold M. Intermediate-tier options in the environmental risk assessment of plant protection products for soil invertebrates-Synthesis of a workshop. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:780-793. [PMID: 37563990 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The European environmental risk assessment (ERA) of plant protection products follows a tiered approach. The approach for soil invertebrates currently consists of two steps, starting with a Tier 1 assessment based on reproduction toxicity tests with earthworms, springtails, and predatory mites. In case an unacceptable risk is identified at Tier 1, field studies can be conducted as a higher-tier option. For soil invertebrates, intermediate tiers are not implemented. Hence, there is limited possibility to include additional information for the ERA to address specific concerns when the Tier 1 fails, as an alternative to, for example, a field study. Calibrated intermediate-tier approaches could help to address risks for soil invertebrates with less time and resources but also with sufficient certainty. A multistakeholder workshop was held on 2-4 March 2022 to discuss potential intermediate-tier options, focusing on four possible areas: (1) natural soil testing, (2) single-species tests (other than standard species), (3) assessing recovery in laboratory tests, and (4) the use of assembled soil multispecies test systems. The participants acknowledged a large potential in the intermediate-tier options but concluded that some issues need to be clarified before routine application of these approaches in the ERA is possible, that is, sensitivity, reproducibility, reliability, and standardization of potential new test systems. The definition of suitable assessment factors needed to calibrate the approaches to the protection goals was acknowledged. The aims of the workshop were to foster scientific exchange and a data-driven dialog, to discuss how the different approaches could be used in the risk assessment, and to identify research priorities for future work to address uncertainties and strengthen the tiered approach in the ERA for soil invertebrates. This article outlines the background, proposed methods, technical challenges, difficulties and opportunities in the ERA, and conclusions of the workshop. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:780-793. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Ernst
- Bayer AG, CropScience Division, Monheim, Germany
| | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Melanie Bottoms
- Syngenta Ltd., Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK
| | - Amy C Brooks
- Cambridge Environmental Assessments, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark E Hodson
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Pia Kotschik
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | | | - Tiago Natal-da-Luz
- Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for the People and the Planet, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Céline Pelosi
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, Avignon, France
| | - Silvia Pieper
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | | | | | | | - José P Sousa
- Associate Laboratory TERRA, Department of Life Sciences, CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for the People and the Planet, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van Hall
- Faculty of Science, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Kovačević M, Stjepanović N, Zelić L, Lončarić Ž. Multigenerational and transgenerational effects of azoxystrobin on Folsomia candida. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122398. [PMID: 37595731 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Soil organisms are exposed to various pollutants during several generations. However standard toxicity tests are often based on exposure in only one generation. Research of multigenerational (MG) and transgenerational (TG) effects are still quite scarce, however evidence accumulates that effects observed in one generation can be significantly different in some of the following generations, with different effects observed. Some studies suggest adaptation to pollutants, while others report severe effects in following generations. Azoxystrobin is commonly used in the prevention and treatment of fungal diseases in a wide range of economically important crops. The main aim of this study was to assess the toxic effects of azoxystrobin (AZO) on F. candida over 3 generations through the application of biochemical and population level biomarkers. Results of reproduction tests showed a significant decrease in estimated EC50 values, with EC50 for F0 being estimated at 104.44 mga.i./kgD.W.soil and only 15.4 mga.i./kgD.W.soil for F1. In F1 a significant reduction in the number of juveniles was observed, and at AZO concentration of 50 mga.i./kgD.W and higher, F1 did not reproduce. Significant oxidative stress was observed in all generations, with increased SOD and lipid damage that slowly decreased in subsequent generations. Transgenerational effects were also observed, with a significantly reduced number of juveniles in F1 and significant oxidative stress and lipid damage in all generations. IBRv2 showed that F1 was most affected, followed by F0, and least affected was F3. When considering the whole body energy budget, F1 to F3 had significantly higher WBEB compared to F0, and a shift in proportion of energy reserves occurred in F1, where the proportion of lipids increased while protein decreased. Results of this research show that considering standard toxicity tests, risks for populations of soil organisms are possibly severely underestimated. Therefore, standard toxicity guidelines should be supplemented by multigenerational tests, when possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Kovačević
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Stjepanović
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Luca Zelić
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Lončarić
- University of Osijek, Department of Biology, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000, Osijek, Croatia.
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Vidane Arachchige Chamila Samarasinghe S, Krishnan K, John Aitken R, Naidu R, Megharaj M. Multigenerational effects of TiO 2 rutile nanoparticles on earthworms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122376. [PMID: 37586686 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have gained considerable attention as one of the pollutants released into the environment through consumer products. This study describes the sub-chronic and generational effects of TiO2 (rutile) nanoparticles on earthworms over a 252-day duration, with exposure ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg kg-1. Results indicate that sub-chronic exposure (28 days) of TiO2 nanoparticles did not cause notable adverse effects on the weight, reproduction, and tissue accumulation in parent earthworms. However, the F1 generation displayed remarkable growth and maturity retardation during their early developmental stages, even at lower nano-TiO2 (rutile). Significant impacts on the reproduction of the F1 generation were observed solely at the highest concentration (1000 mg kg-1), which is predicted to be below the highest exposure scenario. Moreover, long-term (252 days) exposure resulted in considerable bioaccumulation of Ti metal in the F1 generation of E. fetida. This study uncovers the negative effects of TiO2 rutile nanoparticles on earthworms across two generations, with pronounced effects on the growth, maturity, and bioaccumulation in the F1 generation compared to the parent generation. These findings suggest the potential induction of toxic effects by TiO2 rutile nanoparticles, emphasizing the sensitivity of juvenile parameters over adult parameters in toxicity assessments. Furthermore, the study highlights the urgent need for comprehensive evaluations of the longer-term toxicity of nanoparticles on terrestrial organisms. Implementing multigenerational studies will contribute significantly to a better understanding of nanoparticle ecotoxicity on environmental organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarasinghe Vidane Arachchige Chamila Samarasinghe
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Kannan Krishnan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Robert John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), University of Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Li Y, Mu D, Wu HQ, Liu HJ, Wang YH, Ma GC, Duan XM, Zhou JJ, Zhang CM, Lu XH, Liu XH, Sun J, Ji ZY. Derivation of copper water quality criteria in Bohai Bay for the protection of local aquatic life and the ecological risk assessment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 190:114863. [PMID: 36989599 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Developing effective marine water quality criteria (WQC) is crucial for controlling marine contamination and protecting marine life. The WQC for copper is urgently needed due to the toxicity and widespread of copper contamination. In this work, both short-term water quality criteria (SWQC) and long-term water quality criteria (LWQC) under 10 % effect endpoints were derived by using the model averaging of species sensitivity distribution (SSD10) method for Bohai Bay. The WQC values were obtained directly from the hazardous concentration for 5 % of species (HC5) values, which removes the influence of arbitrary assessment factor (AF). Modifications to the acute-chronic ratio (ACR) strategies and the inclusion of the test toxicity data of local species also improved the accuracy and applicability of the WQC values. The derived SWQC and LWQC were 2.21 and 0.45 μg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the overall risk level of copper in Bohai Bay was evaluated by using the risk quotient (RQ) method, and the results showed it was at a moderate-low level. This study provides a new approach for the derivation of the WQC for Cu and the risk assessment of Bohai Bay, which is essential for the protection of local aquatic life and provides guidance to the establishment of the national WQC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Di Mu
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Hong-Qing Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
| | - Hai-Jiao Liu
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yong-Hui Wang
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Ruihui Aquaculture Co. LTD, Tangshan 063604, China
| | - Guo-Chen Ma
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Fishery Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xue-Min Duan
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Fishery Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhou
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Fishery Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Chun-Ming Zhang
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Fishery Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xing-Hua Lu
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Tangshan Aquatic Technology Extension Station, Tangshan 063004, China
| | - Xian-Hua Liu
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Seawater Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Marine Chemical Technology, Tianjin 300130, China.
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Guimarães B, Römbke J, Amorim MJB. On the importance of longer-term exposure to stressors - A critical review and proposal for multigenerational testing in standard soil invertebrates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 854:158680. [PMID: 36108845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Standard laboratory tests to describe the impact of stressors (most notably: chemicals) on organisms offer a good compromise between feasibility and outcome, i.e., they should be reproducible and provide robust results. However, these tests may underestimate the potential effects of prolonged exposures, particularly for persistent contaminants. Within the last years, we have observed an increase in studies aiming to target prolonged exposure, e.g., via an extended test duration or by multigenerational (MG) exposure. Seemingly, both reduced and increased impacts have been observed in these studies, but it is also clear that no unique test setup was used, and test designs vary widely among studies. To better describe long term effects, MG is a highly relevant aspect which deserves more consideration at various testing and assessment levels. Therefore, we conducted a literature review focusing on available studies performed with soil invertebrates, exposed to stressors for periods longer than in standard laboratory tests, i.e., full life cycle tests, as well as extensions to standard and MG tests. So far, it has been recommended that such studies should cover more than one generation, but this statement is probably too vague. In this contribution, we summarize and critically discuss the information provided in the literature, and we provide suggestions for future research. The currently available test results from long-term studies have produced clear evidence to recommend the implementation of long-term tests in existing regulatory testing requirements (e.g., for pesticides), in particular for persistent substances and also for delayed effects. Consequently, we recommend the inclusion of such longer exposure test designs (e.g., as annexes) in current OECD and ISO guidelines. However, when doing so, the long-term test designs proposed so far have to be critically adapted for a selected set of representative soil invertebrate test species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guimarães
- University of Aveiro, Department of Biology & CESAM, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Boettgerstr. 2-14, D-65439 Flörsheim, Germany
| | - M J B Amorim
- University of Aveiro, Department of Biology & CESAM, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Guimarães B, Gomes SIL, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Impacts of Longer-Term Exposure to AuNPs on Two Soil Ecotoxicological Model Species. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10040153. [PMID: 35448414 PMCID: PMC9032579 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The production, use and disposal of nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasing continuously. Due to its unique properties, such as a high resistance to oxidation, gold NPs (AuNPs) are persistent in the environment, including the terrestrial, one of the major sinks of NPs. The present study aimed to assess the effects of AuNPs (from 10 to 1000 mg/kg) on two OECD standard ecotoxicological soil model species, Enchytraeus crypticus and Folsomia candida, based on the reproduction test (28 days) and on a longer-term exposure (56 days), and survival, reproduction, and size were assessed. AuNPs caused no significant hazard to F. candida, but for E. crypticus the lowest tested concentrations (10 and 100 mg AuNPs/kg) reduced reproduction. Further, AuNPs’ toxicity increased from the 28th to the 56th day mainly to F. candida, as observed in animals’ size reduction. Therefore, longer-term exposure tests are recommended as these often reveal increased hazards, not predicted when based on shorter exposures. Additionally, special attention should be given to the higher hazard of low concentrations of NPs, compared to higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Guimarães
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
| | - Susana I. L. Gomes
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
| | - Janeck J. Scott-Fordsmand
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, P.O. Box 314, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;
| | - Mónica J. B. Amorim
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (B.G.); (S.I.L.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Ke X, Wu L, Christie P. Multigenerational exposure of the collembolan Folsomia candida to soil metals: Adaption to metal stress in soils polluted over the long term. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118242. [PMID: 34600067 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multigenerational tests provide a comprehensive assessment of the long-term toxicity of pollutants. Here, the multigenerational effects of soil metal contamination on Folsomia candida were investigated over five generations (generations 1-5: F1-F5). Nine soils with varying physicochemical properties and degrees of metal pollution were studied. The selected endpoints were survival, reproduction, body size and body metal concentrations. F. candida was cultured only up to the fifth generation with high reproduction in contaminated acid soils where reproduction was at least 5 times that in neutral soils and 20 times that in calcareous soils. Correlation analysis indicated that soil pH (68.9% contribution) and cation exchange capacity (CEC, 15.4% contribution) were more important factors than pollution level affecting the reproduction of F. candida. No significant difference was observed in adult survival or adult length over five generations. The highest collembolan body Cd concentrations in soils A1-A3 were 3.15, 2.93 and 3.23 times those in F1, with similar results for body Pb. A similar trend in reproduction and juvenile length was observed with an initial decrease (p < 0.05) and then an increase (p < 0.05) over the generations in each acid soil; the opposite trend occurred in the changes in body cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) concentrations which increased initially (p < 0.05) and then decreased (p < 0.05) compared to the original concentrations of the first generation. The results indicate that F. candida can adapt to soil metal stress during multigenerational exposure and the adaption energy may be related to a tradeoff between reproduction or growth of juveniles and the detoxification of metals accumulated in the body. Soil properties, especially pH and CEC, had a substantial influence on the long-term survival of the collembolan in the metal-polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xin Ke
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Longhua Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Peter Christie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Hund-Rinke K, Diaz C, Jurack A, Klein J, Knopf B, Schlich K, Fernández-Cruz ML, Hernández-Moreno D, Manier N, Pandard P, Gomes SIL, Guimarães B, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Nanopharmaceuticals (Au-NPs) after use: Experiences with a complex higher tier test design simulating environmental fate and effect. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112949. [PMID: 34755633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current environmental hazard assessment is based on the testing of the pristine substance. However, it cannot be excluded that (nano)pharmaceuticals are excreted into sewage during the use phase followed by entry into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Sorption to sewage sludge or release via effluent can result in modified ecotoxicological effects which possibly can only be detected with a modified test approach. The objective of our study was to investigate a realistic exposure scenario for metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in pharmaceutical products, excreted into effluent, and released into the environment after treatment in WWTPs. The test approach was illustrated by using gold (Au) NPs. Effluent from model WWTPs were investigated in aquatic tests (Daphnia magna, fish cell lines). Sewage sludge was used as a sole food source (Eisenia fetida) or mixed with soil and used as test medium (soil microorganisms, Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus). To cover the aspect of regulation, the test systems described in OECD-test guidelines (OECD TG 201, 211, 220, 232, 249, 317) were applied. Modifications and additional test approaches were included to meet the needs arising out of the testing of nanomaterials and of the exposure scenarios. The results were assessed regarding the suitability of the test design and the toxicity of Au-NPs. Except for activated sludge as a sole food source for E.fetida, the selected test approach is suitable for the testing of nanomaterials. Additional information can be gained when compared to the common testing of the pristine nanomaterials in the standardized test systems. Effects of Au-NPs were observed in concentrations exceeding the modeled environmental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Hund-Rinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany.
| | - Cecilia Diaz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Anne Jurack
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Judith Klein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Knopf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Karsten Schlich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - María Luisa Fernández-Cruz
- Dpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hernández-Moreno
- Dpto. Medio Ambiente y Agronomía, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Manier
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Pascal Pandard
- French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), F-60550 Verneuil en Halatte, France
| | - Susana I L Gomes
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Guimarães
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM (CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar), Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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10
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Shi Y, Meng X, Zhang J. Multi- and trans-generational effects of N-butylpyridium chloride on reproduction, lifespan, and pro/antioxidant status in Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 778:146371. [PMID: 34030357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) became emerging pollutants. Their poor degradation and accumulation in organisms urged studies on the long-term effects and also the underlying mechanisms. Currently, 1-butylpyrinium chloride ([bpyr]Cl) was chosen to represent the pyridine-based ILs. Its multi-generational effects were measured on C. elegans for 14 consecutive generations (F1 to F14), and the trans-generational effects were also measured in the great-grand-children (T3 and T3') of F1 and F14. The multi-generational results from F1 to F14 showed that the effects of [bpyr]Cl on the initial and total reproduction and lifespan showed oscillation between inhibition and stimulation. Notably, hormetic effects on reproduction were observed in F7 to F10. The trans-generational effects in T3 and T3' showed different residual consequences between one generational exposure (F1) and multiple generational exposure (F14). Further biochemical analysis showed that the pro/antioxidant status also showed oscillation between inhibition and stimulation. The oscillation levels were greater in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and protein carbonyl content (PC) than those in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydroxyl radical (OH). The pro/antioxidant status contributed to both multi- and trans-generational effects of [bpyr]Cl. Future studies should pay attentions to the long-term influence of ILs and also epigenetic explanations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, PR China; Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China
| | - Xiangzhou Meng
- Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, PR China.
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11
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Yue W, Mo L, Zhang J. Reproductive toxicities of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide on Caenorhabditis elegans with oscillation between inhibition and stimulation over generations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:144334. [PMID: 33385812 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) become emerging pollutants and their toxicities earn increasing attentions. Yet, their effects were seldom explored on reproduction which connects generations and also effects across generations. In the present study, reproductive effects of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C2mim]Br), one representative IL, were studied on C. elegans with 11 continuously exposed generations (F1 to F11). At 8.20E-5 g/L, the effects on the initial reproduction showed oscillatory changes between stimulation (in F1, F3, F4, F6 and F10) and inhibition (in F2, F5, F7, F8 and F11). At 8.20E-3 g/L, the effects on the reproduction over generations also showed such oscillation despite of different stimulation or inhibition levels, and even opposite influences in F4 and F11. The effects of [C2mim]Br on the total reproduction also showed the concentration-dependent oscillation between stimulation and inhibition over generations, though they had less alteration frequencies than those on the initial reproduction. Biochemical and molecular indicators were further measured in F1, F4, F7 and F11 to explore potential mechanisms. Results showed that the effects on spermatocyte protein 8 (SPE8) showed positive correlation with those on reproduction while the influences on major sperm protein (MSP) and sperm transmembrane protein 9 (SPE9) showed negative correlation with SPE8. Moreover, the dysregulation on expressions of acs-2 and akt-1 indicated the involvement of glucolipid metabolism. The changes in expressions of set-2, met-2, set-25 and mes-4 demonstrated that the long-term reproductive impacts of [C2mim]Br over generations also involved histone methylation at H3K4, H3K9 and H3K36, which also connected with the glucolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyan Yue
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China; Jiaxing Tongji Institute for Environment, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314051, PR China
| | - Lingyun Mo
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Environmental Pollution Control, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Ecological Technology and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, PR China.
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12
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Abdelfattah EA, Augustyniak M, Yousef HA. Stage-, sex- and tissue-related changes in H 2O 2, glutathione concentration, and glutathione-dependent enzymes activity in Aiolopus thalassinus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from heavy metal polluted areas. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:478-491. [PMID: 33582930 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study is part of a large project carried out at the Cairo University, Egypt, and focused on assessing physiological and biochemical changes in Aiolopus thalassinus under the influence of environmental pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn). The study aimed to investigate parameters related to maintaining redox balance, with particular emphasis on stage-, sex- and tissue-dependent differences in H2O2 and glutathione (GSH) levels and activity of selected enzymes involved in GSH metabolism. A noticeable increase in the concentration of H2O2 was found, especially in the gut of 5th instar nymphs and females from the highly polluted site. An increase in GSH concentration was significant, especially in the gut of adult A. thalassinus from the high polluted site. However, recycling of reduced form of glutathione in the gut by glutathione reductase (GR) was relevant only for females from the high polluted site. Nymphs and females generally showed higher glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, especially in the gut. These stage- and sex-related differences can result from different growth dynamic and various reproductive functions of nymphs and both sexes. The digestive track is in direct contact with xenobiotics consumed with food. Nymphs are characterized by vigorous growth, they feed intensively, and their development processes are associated with substantial oxygen consumption. Also, maintaining the antioxidant system at a high level can be more important for females than males due to egg production over a long period. It appears that de novo GSH synthesis is a favorable and cost-effective adaptation mechanism for A. thalassinus living in the high polluted site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Abdelfattah
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Hesham A Yousef
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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13
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Augustyniak M, Tarnawska M, Dziewięcka M, Kafel A, Rost-Roszkowska M, Babczyńska A. DNA damage in Spodoptera exigua after multigenerational cadmium exposure - A trade-off between genome stability and adaptation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 745:141048. [PMID: 32758757 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human activity is a serious cause of extensive changes in the environment and a constant reason for the emergence of new stress factors. Thus, to survive and reproduce, organisms must constantly implement a program of adaptation to continuously changing conditions. The research presented here is focused on tracking slow changes occurring in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caused by multigenerational exposure to sub-lethal cadmium doses. The insects received food containing cadmium at concentrations of 5, 11, 22 and 44 μg per g of dry mass of food. The level of DNA stability was monitored by a comet assay in subsequent generations up to the 36th generation. In the first three generations, the level of DNA damage was high, especially in the groups receiving higher doses of cadmium in the diet. In the fourth generation, a significant reduction in the level of DNA damage was observed, which could indicate that the desired stability of the genome was achieved. Surprisingly, however, in subsequent generations, an alternating increase and decrease was found in DNA stability. The observed cycles of changing DNA stability were longer lasting in insects consuming food with a lower Cd content. Thus, a transient reduction in genome stability can be perceived as an opportunity to increase the number of genotypes that undergo selection. This phenomenon occurs faster if the severity of the stress factor is high but is low enough to allow the population to survive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Monika Tarnawska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marta Dziewięcka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Alina Kafel
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Babczyńska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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14
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Dziewięcka M, Flasz B, Rost-Roszkowska M, Kędziorski A, Kochanowicz A, Augustyniak M. Graphene oxide as a new anthropogenic stress factor - multigenerational study at the molecular, cellular, individual and population level of Acheta domesticus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122775. [PMID: 32361302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Although interest in transgenerational phenomena is constantly growing, little is known about the long-term toxicity of nanoparticles. In this study we investigate the multigenerational effects of graphene oxide (GO) which was given to Acheta domesticus in low doses (0.2, 2 and 20 μg·g-1 of food) for three subsequent generations. We assessed the influence of GO nanoparticles in many contexts, basing on parameters which represented different levels of biological organization: activity of antioxidant enzymes, level of apoptosis, DNA damage, histological analysis, hatching abilities, body mass and body length of insects, as well as their survival rate. The results have shown that exposing insects to nanoparticles over an extended period of time causes surprising intergenerational effects, based on significant differences in the life cycle and reproductive processes, which are not always dose-dependent. The second generation of insects appeared as the most unstable among the parameters that were studied, and did not match trends and patterns in the first and third generation categories. An increase of DNA damage was observed, but only in the third generation. This reduction of genome stability can be perceived as an essential element of adaptation, leading to an increase of genotype variants, which then undergo selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dziewięcka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Barbara Flasz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rost-Roszkowska
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kędziorski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kochanowicz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, PL, 40-007, Katowice, Poland
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15
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Loria A, Cristescu ME, Gonzalez A. Mixed evidence for adaptation to environmental pollution. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1259-1273. [PMID: 31417613 PMCID: PMC6691217 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to pollution has been studied since the first observations of heavy metal tolerance in plants decades ago. To document micro-evolutionary responses to pollution, researchers have used phenotypic, molecular genetics, and demographic approaches. We reviewed 258 articles and evaluated the evidence for adaptive responses following exposure to a wide range of pollutants, across multiple taxonomic groups. We also conducted a meta-analysis to calculate the magnitude of phenotypic change in invertebrates in response to metal pollution. The majority of studies that reported differences in responses to pollution were focused on phenotypic responses at the individual level. Most of the studies that used demographic assays in their investigations found that negative effects induced by pollution often worsened over multiple generations. Our meta-analysis did not reveal a significant relationship between metal pollution intensity and changes in the traits studied, and this was probably due to differences in coping responses among different species, the broad array of abiotic and biotic factors, and the weak statistical power of the analysis. We found it difficult to make broad statements about how likely or how common adaptation is in the presence of environmental contamination. Ecological and evolutionary responses to contamination are complex, and difficult to interpret in the context of taxonomic, and methodological biases, and the inconsistent set of approaches that have been used to study adaptation to pollution in the laboratory and in the field. This review emphasizes the need for: (a) long-term monitoring programs on exposed populations that link demography to phenotypic, genetic, and selection assays; (b) the use of standardized protocols across studies especially for similar taxa. Approaches that combine field and laboratory studies offer the greatest opportunity to reveal the complex eco-evolutionary feedback that can occur under selection imposed by pollution.
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16
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Szabó B, Lang Z, Bakonyi G, Mariën J, Roelofs D, van Gestel CAM, Seres A. Transgenerational and multigenerational stress gene responses to the insecticide etofenprox in Folsomia candida (Collembola). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 175:181-191. [PMID: 30897417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insecticide exposure may cause both transgenerational and multigenerational effects on populations, but the molecular mechanisms of these changes remain largely unclear. Many studies have focused on either transgenerational or multigenerational mechanisms but did neglect the comparative aspects. This study assessed whether the pyrethroid insecticide etofenprox (formulation Trebon® 30 EC) shows transgenerational and/or multigenerational effects on the survival and reproduction of Folsomia candida (Collembola). The activation of stress-related genes was studied to detect whether etofenprox modifies the expression of reproduction-associated genes in trans- and multigenerational treatments. A laboratory study was carried out for three generations with five insecticide concentrations in LUFA 2.2 soil. In the transgenerational treatment, only the parent generation (P) was exposed, but the subsequent generations were not. In the multigenerational treatment, all three generations were exposed to the insecticide in the same manner. Multigenerational exposure resulted in reduced reproduction effects over generations, suggesting that F. candida is capable of acclimating to enhanced concentration levels of etofenprox during prolonged exposure over multiple generations. In the transgenerational treatment, the heat shock protein 70 was up-regulated and cytochrome oxidase 6N4v1 expression down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner in the F2 generation. This finding raises the possibility of the epigenetic inheritance of insecticide impacts on parents. Furthermore, CYP6N4v1 expression was oppositely regulated in the trans- and multigenerational treatments. Our results draw attention to the differences in molecular level responses of F. candida to trans- and multigenerational etofenprox exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borbála Szabó
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary; Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Zsolt Lang
- Department of Biomathematics and Informatics, University of Veterinary Medicine, István st. 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bakonyi
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Janine Mariën
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dick Roelofs
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis A M van Gestel
- Department of Ecological Science, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anikó Seres
- Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology, Szent István University, Páter K. st. 1, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
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17
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Graphene-Based Nanomaterials in Soil: Ecotoxicity Assessment Using Enchytraeus crypticus Reduced Full Life Cycle. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9060858. [PMID: 31195669 PMCID: PMC6631203 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) possess unique physicochemical properties, allowing a wide range of applications in physical, chemical, and biomedical fields. Although GBNs are broadly used, information about their adverse effects on ecosystem health, especially in the terrestrial environment, is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the toxicity of two commonly used derivatives of GBNs, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus using a reduced full life cycle test. At higher exposure concentrations, GO induced high mortality and severe impairment in the reproduction rate, while rGO showed little adverse effect up to 1000 mg/kg. Collectively, our body of results suggests that the degree of oxidation of GO correlates with their toxic effects on E. crypticus, which argues against generalization on GBNs ecotoxicity. Identifying the key factors affecting the toxicity of GBNs, including ecotoxicity, is urgent for the design of safe GBNs for commercial purposes.
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18
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Jegede OO, Hale BA, Siciliano SD. Multigenerational exposure of populations of Oppia nitens to zinc under pulse and continuous exposure scenarios. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:896-904. [PMID: 30675922 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Current soil remediation guidelines for metals reflect single-generation laboratory studies, but in the field, organisms are exposed to metals for more than one generation. The present study assessed the multigenerational effect of zinc (Zn) on Oppia nitens under a pulse or continuous exposure scenario. Synchronized adult mites (parents) were exposed to 6 concentrations of Zn in a field soil. For the pulse exposure, juveniles of parent mites from 3 of the 6 concentrations (105, 158, 237, 335, 553, and 800 mg/kg) were kept in clean media and reared until the third generation. At every generation, the sensitivity of the mites to Zn was tested in a dose-response manner. For the continuous exposure, the mites produced from the parents were re-exposed to the same concentration as their parents. According to critical-level estimates like the median effect concentration, all populations of the F2 and F3 generation mites in the pulse exposure were less sensitive to Zn than the parents and were protected at 250 mg/kg of Zn (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment [2018] soil quality guideline). However, the mite generations of the continuous exposure remained as sensitive as the parent generation and were not protected by the Zn guideline level. The Zn niche width narrowed considerably for all continuously exposed mite populations, indicating that they were more sensitive than the parent. Our results show that Zn has a deleterious multigenerational effect on continuously exposed populations of mites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:896-904. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode O Jegede
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Beverley A Hale
- Department of Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven D Siciliano
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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19
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Guimarães B, Römbke J, Amorim MJB. Novel egg life-stage test with Folsomia candida - A case study with Cadmium (Cd). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 647:121-126. [PMID: 30077841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of pollutants is known to have a different impact depending on the organisms' life stage. Standard tests are often based on one life stage, i.e. effects could be underestimated. We aimed here to develop and optimize a test system using eggs of Folsomia candida (4-5 days) instead of the juveniles (10-12 days old) required by the OECD standard test guideline No. 232 (2009). Accordingly, the exposure time and thus the test duration was extended. Tests with "standard" juveniles (10-12 days old) and, adults (21 and 28 days old) were also performed. Cadmium (Cd) was used as test substance. The extension to the test guideline starts as follows: 1) synchronization of eggs in a thin soil layer on plaster of Paris, 2) selection of viable eggs, 3) burying these eggs in groups of 5 in soil. Afterwards, the test procedure will follow the standard procedure as described in the OECD standard test. Cadmium caused ca. 50% effects on reproduction at 60 mg Cd/kg soil dry weight (DW) when exposing juveniles or adults. There was no significant impact of Cd on the eggs, the hatching process or the latter life stages until ca. 250 mg Cd/kg DW (Cd is stable during this exposure period). Hence, Cd seems to affect reproduction before egg laying, i.e., during egg formation or during juvenile-adult stages. In order to clarify whether other chemicals do act in a similar way testing with different chemicals is highly recommended. Testing of different life stages does provide insight on the mechanisms and effects of contaminants and offers important insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Guimarães
- University of Aveiro, Department of Biology & CESAM, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J Römbke
- ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Boettgerstr. 2-14, D-65439 Flörsheim, Germany
| | - M J B Amorim
- University of Aveiro, Department of Biology & CESAM, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal..
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20
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Bicho RC, Santos FCF, Scott-Fordsmand JJ, Amorim MJB. Multigenerational effects of copper nanomaterials (CuONMs) are different of those of CuCl 2: exposure in the soil invertebrate Enchytraeus crypticus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8457. [PMID: 28814818 PMCID: PMC5559477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are recommended to be tested in longer term exposures. Multigenerational (MG) studies are scarce and particularly important because effects can be transferred to the next generation. The current risk assessment framework does not include MG effects and this is a caveat for persistent materials. Here, the effects of copper NMs (CuONMs) and copper salt (CuCl2) were assessed in a MG exposure (4 generations in spiked soil + 2 generations in clean soil, F1 to F7 generations in total), with the standard soil model Enchytraeus crypticus, using relevant reproduction test effect concentrations (EC10, EC50), monitoring survival and reproduction. This represented ca. 1 year continuous exposure tests. MG effects varied with effect concentration and test materials: CuONMs caused increased toxicity for EC10 exposed organisms (EC50 did not change), and transfer to clean media reset effects, whereas CuCl2 reduced toxicity for EC10 and EC50, but the transfer to clean media "revived" the initial effects, i.e. close to EC50 levels in F7. Clearly CuONMs and CuCl2 cause different mechanisms of toxicity or response in the long term, not predictable based on short term or one generation studies. The present contributes for the improvement of risk assessment, adding important information for the long term exposure and effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Bicho
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fátima C F Santos
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Janeck J Scott-Fordsmand
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsovej 25, PO BOX 314, DK-8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Mónica J B Amorim
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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