1
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Cai B, De Jesus Andino F, McGrath JL, Romanick SS, Robert J. Ingestion of polyethylene terephthalate microplastic water contaminants by Xenopus laevis tadpoles negatively affects their resistance to ranavirus infection and antiviral immunity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124340. [PMID: 38851377 PMCID: PMC11321924 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Small plastic debris (0.1 μm-5 mm) or microplastics (MPs) have become major pollutants of aquatic ecosystems worldwide and studies suggest that MPs exposure can pose serious threats to human and wildlife health. However, to date the potential biological impacts of MPs accumulating in low amount in tissues during early life remains unclear. Here, for a more realistic assessment, we have used environmentally representative, mildly weathered, polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET MPs), cryomilled (1-100 μm) and fluorescently labelled. We leveraged the amphibian Xenopus laevis tadpoles as an animal model to define the biodistribution of PET MPs and determine whether exposure to PET MPs induce perturbations of antiviral immunity. Exposure to PET MPs for 1-14 days resulted in detectable PET MPs biodistribution in intestine, gills, liver, and kidney as determined by fluorescence microscopy on whole mount tissues. PET MPs accumulation rate in tissues was further evaluated via a novel in situ enzymatic digestion and subsequent filtration using silicon nanomembranes, which shows that PET MPs rapidly accumulate in tadpole intestine, liver and kidneys and persist over a week. Longer exposure (1 month) of tadpoles to relatively low concentration of PET MPs (25 μg/ml) significantly increased susceptibility to viral infection and altered innate antiviral immunity without inducing overt inflammation. This study provides evidence that exposure to MPs negatively impact immune defenses of aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghong Cai
- University of Rochester Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA; University of Rochester Biomedical Engineering, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jacques Robert
- University of Rochester Department of Microbiology and Immunology, USA; University of Rochester Department Environmental Medicine, USA.
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2
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Liang Y, Li Z, Yuan J, Zhou Y, Li M, Gu H. ROS-mediated physiological activities and apoptotic effect on the survival of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) under homoyessotoxin and ammonia stresses. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109769. [PMID: 37838069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Serious dinoflagellate blooms produce homoyessotoxin (homo-YTX) and ammonia (NH3-N) in eutrophic seawaters, posing threats to the healthy development of the mariculture industry. This study aimed to explore the toxicity mechanism of homo-YTX and NH3-N on the survival of abalone, which is important for the ecotoxicological research and cultivation of shellfish. The economy abalone Haliotis discus hannai was placed in homo-YTX (0, 2, 5, and 10 μg L-1) and NH3-N (0, 1.08, and 3.16 mg L-1) and a mixture of the two compounds to determine the survival rate (S), antioxidative responses, physiological activities, and apoptosis of abalone. Results show that the combination of homo-YTX and NH3-N increased the reactive oxygen species level, the malondialdehyde content, and the expression level of BCL2-associated X but decreased S; the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, adenosine triphosphatase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and lysozyme; and the expression level of B-cell lymphoma-2. The activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in 10 μg L-1 of homo-YTX and 3.16 mg L-1 of NH3-N solutions and in the mixture of the two toxicants decreased. The caspase3 expression level was downregulated in 10 μg L-1 of homo-YTX. These results suggest that homo-YTX and NH3-N enhanced the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation reactions, inhibited the energy supply, disrupted the metabolic and immune physiological functions, and activated apoptosis in the gills of abalone. ROS-mediated physiological activities and apoptosis were among the potential toxicity mechanisms of the interactive effects of homo-YTX and NH3-N on abalone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China.
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Jing Yuan
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Haifeng Gu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing 210044, PR China; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 178 Daxue Road, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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3
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Liang Y, Yang J, Ni Z, Zheng J, Gu H. Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi on the growth performance, antioxidative responses, and physiological activities of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:768-781. [PMID: 37480494 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi is responsible for the mortality of aquatic animals. However, the mechanism behind these toxic effects has not been fully determined. Herein, the toxic effects of K. mikimotoi on the growth performance, antioxidative responses, physiological activities, and energetic substance contents of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis were assessed. Rotifers were exposed to Nannochloropsis salina (Eustigmatophyceae), K. mikimotoi, and a mixture of N. salina and K. mikimotoi with biomass ratio proportions of 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3, respectively. Results indicated that K. mikimotoi negatively affected the population growth, survival, and specific growth rates of rotifers within 24 h. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the content of malondialdehyde, and the activity of amylase increased. However, the total antioxidant capacity level, pepsase, cellulase, alkaline phosphatase, xanthine oxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities, and glycogen and protein contents decreased with increasing proportions of K. mikimotoi. The mixture of 50% N. salina and 50% K. mikimotoi promoted the increase in glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity and triglyceride content. These findings underscore ROS-mediated antioxidative responses, physiological responses, and energetic substance content changes in B. plicatilis work together to affect population dynamics inhibition of rotifers by K. mikimotoi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, 210044, Nanjing, P. R. China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, 210044, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Ziyin Ni
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, 210044, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Gu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, 210044, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, Xiamen, P. R. China
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4
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Thuy NTD, Wang X, Zhao G, Liang T, Zou Z. A Co 3O 4 Nanoparticle-Modified Screen-Printed Electrode Sensor for the Detection of Nitrate Ions in Aquaponic Systems. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:9730. [PMID: 36560098 PMCID: PMC9787752 DOI: 10.3390/s22249730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4 NPs) was used to create an all-solid-state ion-selective electrode used as a potentiometric ion sensor for determining nitrate ion (NO3-) concentrations in aquaculture water. The effects of the Co3O4 NPs on the characterization parameters of the solid-contact nitrate ion-selective electrodes (SC-NO3--ISEs) were investigated. The morphology, physical properties and analytical performance of the proposed NO3--ion selective membrane (ISM)/Co3O4 NPs/SPEs were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), potentiometric measurements, and potentiometric water layer tests. Once all conditions were optimized, it was confirmed that the screen-printed electrochemical sensor had high potential stability, anti-interference performance, good reproducibility, and no water layer formation between the selective membrane and the working electrode. The developed NO3--ISM/Co3O4 NPs/SPE showed a Nernstian slope of -56.78 mV/decade for NO3- detection with a wide range of 10-7-10-2 M and a quick response time of 5.7 s. The sensors were successfully used to measure NO3- concentrations in aquaculture water. Therefore, the electrodes have potential for use in aquaponic nutrient solution applications with precise detection of NO3- in a complicated matrix and can easily be used to monitor other ions in aquaculture water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaochan Wang
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
| | - Guo Zhao
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
| | - Tingyu Liang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
| | - Zaihan Zou
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210031, China
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Changes in physiological activities are responsible for homoyessotoxin-induced toxicity in abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Toxicology 2022; 477:153270. [PMID: 35870676 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Homoyessotoxin (homo-YTX) is a lipid-soluble toxin produced by toxic dinoflagellates. It is widely distributed in marine ecosystems worldwide, and it poses a threat to the survival of aquatic animals. The tissues of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai are easily damaged by homo-YTX during harmful algal blooms. In this study, H. discus hannai was exposed to homo-YTX (0, 2, 5, and 10 µg L-1) to evaluate the rates of survival (S) and death (D) and the antioxidative, metabolic, and digestive physiological responses in the gills and digestive gland of abalone. Homo-YTX decreased S and the activities of Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase, Ca2+/Mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, alkaline phosphatase, xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, amylase, protease, and lipase. Meanwhile, D, the reactive oxygen species level, and the malondialdehyde content increased with increasing concentrations of homo-YTX. In addition, homo-YTX induced oxidative stress, enhanced the lipid peroxidation reaction, reduced the energy supply, and inhibited the metabolic and digestive physiological activities in the gills and digestive gland of abalone. Oxidative stress-mediated insufficient energy supply and physiological activity reduction caused the death of abalone.
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6
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Klein S, Frazier V, Readdean T, Lucas E, Diaz-Jimenez EP, Sogin M, Ruff ES, Echeverri K. Common Environmental Pollutants Negatively Affect Development and Regeneration in the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis Holobiont. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.786037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthozoan sea anemone Nematostella vectensis belongs to the phylum of cnidarians which also includes jellyfish and corals. Nematostella are native to United States East Coast marsh lands, where they constantly adapt to changes in salinity, temperature, oxygen concentration and pH. Its natural ability to continually acclimate to changing environments coupled with its genetic tractability render Nematostella a powerful model organism in which to study the effects of common pollutants on the natural development of these animals. Potassium nitrate, commonly used in fertilizers, and Phthalates, a component of plastics are frequent environmental stressors found in coastal and marsh waters. Here we present data showing how early exposure to these pollutants lead to dramatic defects in development of the embryos and eventual mortality possibly due to defects in feeding ability. Additionally, we examined the microbiome of the animals and identified shifts in the microbial community that correlated with the type of water that was used to grow the animals, and with their exposure to pollutants.
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7
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Liang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Liu R, Qi J, Lin Y, Zhang T, Jiang Q. Use of physiological activities to estimate the population growth of rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus) under the stress of toxic Microcystis and nitrite. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131419. [PMID: 34246096 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis blooms disrupt aquatic systems and adversely affect zooplankton growth. Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas (rotifer) was introduced to different combinations of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa (0, 2 × 105, 2 × 106, and 2 × 107 cells mL-1) and nitrite (0, 2, 4, and 6 mg L-1) to evaluate their physiological activities and population growth under stress. Survival rate (S), population growth rate (r), grazing rate (G), antioxidant response, and metabolic and digestive enzyme activities were determined. Results revealed that G declined with the increasing nitrite doses and grazing time upon exposure to a certain Microcystis concentration. Toxic M. aeruginosa and nitrite inhibited the S, r, glutathione content, total antioxidant capacity level, and activities of alkaline phosphatase, xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and cellulase (p < 0.05) but increased the reactive oxygen species level, malondialdehyde content, and amylase activity (p < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and pepsase were also increased in single low doses of nitrite solutions (p < 0.05). Therefore, the grazing intensity of rotifers affected B. calyciflorus physiological activities, which are useful in the estimation of its population growth in eutrophic water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Xiamen, No. 178 Daxue Road, 361005, PR China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Yishan Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Jun Qi
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Yangjie Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, No. 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, PR China
| | - Tongqing Zhang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China
| | - Qichen Jiang
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210017, PR China
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Li L, Tan L, Yang W, Xu X, Shen Y, Li J. Conjoint applications of meta-analysis and bioinformatic data toward understanding the effect of nitrate on fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148645. [PMID: 34198083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The extensively accumulation of nitrate in different water resources is currently regarded as one of the most predominant threats facing aquatic organisms on worldwide scale. In recent years, a growing body of evidences have been attempting to uncover the influences of nitrate on fish growth and health, thereby evaluating its environment security. However, the systematic assessment and intrinsic mechanism of such influences are apparently devoid. Hence, this investigation employed systematic analysis, meta-analysis and bioinformatic analysis to evaluate the nitrate biotoxicity. We first speculated two levels of nitrate concentration according to forty-four published bibliographies. Systematic analysis indicated that the broad variations of fish sensitivity to chronic and acute nitrate exposures were found in juvenile and larval stage, respectively, comparing to egg. Meta-analysis further revealed that survival rate, CF and SGR were significantly improved in low nitrate concentration during chronic exposure. Such improvements were reflected by Total mean differences (TMD) and 95% CIs (Confidence Intervals): Survival rate (-4.06 [-7.67, -0.45]), Fulton's condition factor (CF) (-0.03 [-0.03, -0.02]) and Specific growth rate (SGR) (-0.10 [-0.16, -0.04]). To trace the impact, the alternations of molecular expression and histology in brain, gill, liver, intestine, and blood suggested that the chronic and acute nitrate exposures could result in abnormal tissue structures and molecular dynamics. Moreover, omics analysis via integrating intestinal microbiome (microbial composition; %) and liver transcriptome (Gene Ontology: biological processes) revealed that the low concentration exposure induced a weakly immune response in fish liver and it matched to the intestinal immune response. Overall, current study has filled the gaps in the field of nitrate toxicity. It could also provide a novel insight for the evaluation of pollutant toxicity on aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisen Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ling Tan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Weining Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Cofone R, Carraturo F, Capriello T, Libralato G, Siciliano A, Del Giudice C, Maio N, Guida M, Ferrandino I. Eobania vermiculata as a potential indicator of nitrate contamination in soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 204:111082. [PMID: 32795702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nitrates were analysed on the land snail Eobania vermiculata, a good bioindicator to assess the effects of certain pollutants in soil. It is known that the molluscs are very sensitive to contamination substances and can be used as sentinel organism for environmental pollution assessment. The nitrates are present in fertilizers and in food additives and their excess can not only be harmful to the environment but also dangerous for the humans. Indeed, in the mammals the nitrates are converted into nitrites and can cause a series of complications as the formation of methaemoglobin and cancers. In this study, adult organisms of E. vermiculata were exposed to soil containing 2000 mg/L of nitrates for 30 days to evaluate the stool microbiome and the histological changes at the level of the foot. Eggs of these snails were similarly treated to observe their hatching, survival and development. Histological changes were observed at level of the foot of adult snails exposed to nitrate and in their stools was evident an increase of bacteria, especially those that have a high ability to exploit nitrates and nitrogen as nutrients. Instead, the treated eggs showed changes in hatching, hypopigmentation of newborn snails and a decrease of their survival in time. The overall information obtained from these endpoints can provide important information regarding the quality of the environment. In addition, they also showed that the invertebrate organism E. vermiculata despite being a simple organism is very useful and efficient for ecotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cofone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Capriello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Siciliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Del Giudice
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Maio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Ferrandino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
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10
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Babich R, Hamlin H, Thayer L, Dorr M, Wei Z, Neilson A, Jayasundara N. Mitochondrial response and resilience to anthropogenic chemicals during embryonic development. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 233:108759. [PMID: 32259593 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are integral to maintaining cellular homeostasis. Optimum mitochondrial function is critical during embryonic development, as they play a key role in early signaling cascades and epigenetic programming, in addition to sustaining an adequate energy production. Mitochondria are sensitive targets of environmental toxins, potentially even at levels considered safe under current regulatory limits. Most mitochondrial analyses have focused only on chemical exposure effects in vitro or in isolated mitochondria. However, comparatively little is known about mitochondrial effects of chemical exposure during vertebrate embryogenesis, especially during the recovery phase following a chemical insult. Here, we used the zebrafish (Danio rerio), in a 96-well plate system, to examine mitochondrial effects of 24 chemicals including pharmaceuticals, industrial chemicals, and agrochemicals. We used oxygen consumption rate (OCR) during embryogenesis as a proxy for mitochondrial function. Embryonic OCR (eOCR) was measured in clean egg water immediately following 24 h of chemical exposure and subsequently for an additional 8 h. Each chemical, dependent upon the concentration, resulted in a unique eOCR response profile. While some eOCR effects were persistent or recoverable over time, some effects were only detected several hours after being removed from the exposure. Non-monotonic dose response effects as well as mitochondrial hormesis were also detected following exposure to some chemicals. Collectively, our study shows that mitochondrial response to chemicals are highly dynamic and warrant careful consideration when determining mitochondrial toxicity of a given chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Babich
- The School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
| | - Heather Hamlin
- The School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - LeeAnne Thayer
- The School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Madeline Dorr
- The Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- The Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | | | - Nishad Jayasundara
- The School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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11
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Poulsen R, Cedergreen N, Hayes T, Hansen M. Nitrate: An Environmental Endocrine Disruptor? A Review of Evidence and Research Needs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3869-3887. [PMID: 29494771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is heavily used as an agricultural fertilizer and is today a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Environmental endocrine effects caused by nitrate have received increasing attention over the last 15 years. Nitrate is hypothesized to interfere with thyroid and steroid hormone homeostasis and developmental and reproductive end points. The current review focuses on aquatic ecotoxicology with emphasis on field and laboratory controlled in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, nitrate is just one of several forms of nitrogen that is present in the environment and many of these are quickly interconvertible. Therefore, the focus is additionally confined to the oxidized nitrogen species (nitrate, nitrite and nitric oxide). We reviewed 26 environmental toxicology studies and our main findings are (1) nitrate has endocrine disrupting properties and hypotheses for mechanisms exist, which warrants for further investigations; (2) there are issues determining actual nitrate-speciation and abundance is not quantified in a number of studies, making links to speciation-specific effects difficult; and (3) more advanced analytical chemistry methodologies are needed both for exposure assessment and in the determination of endocrine biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Poulsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Nina Cedergreen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Tyrone Hayes
- Laboratory for Integrative Studies in Amphibian Biology, Molecular Toxicology, Group in Endocrinology, Energy and Resources Group, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Martin Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Thorvaldsensvej 40 , 1871 Frederiksberg , Denmark
- Laboratory for Integrative Studies in Amphibian Biology, Molecular Toxicology, Group in Endocrinology, Energy and Resources Group, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
- Department of Environmental Science , Aarhus University , 4000 Roskilde , Denmark
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