1
|
Venkatraman G, Giribabu N, Mohan PS, Muttiah B, Govindarajan VK, Alagiri M, Abdul Rahman PS, Karsani SA. Environmental impact and human health effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and remedial strategies: A detailed review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141227. [PMID: 38253087 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) profoundly impact public and environmental health. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of their intricate functions, exposure pathways, and potential health implications is imperative to implement remedial strategies and legislation effectively. This review seeks to explore PAH mobility, direct exposure pathways, and cutting-edge bioremediation technologies essential for combating the pervasive contamination of environments by PAHs, thereby expanding our foundational knowledge. PAHs, characterised by their toxicity and possession of two or more aromatic rings, exhibit diverse configurations. Their lipophilicity and remarkable persistence contribute to their widespread prevalence as hazardous environmental contaminants and byproducts. Primary sources of PAHs include contaminated food, water, and soil, which enter the human body through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal exposure. While short-term consequences encompass eye irritation, nausea, and vomiting, long-term exposure poses risks of kidney and liver damage, difficulty breathing, and asthma-like symptoms. Notably, cities with elevated PAH levels may witness exacerbation of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Bioremediation techniques utilising microorganisms emerge as a promising avenue to mitigate PAH-related health risks by facilitating the breakdown of these compounds in polluted environments. Furthermore, this review delves into the global concern of antimicrobial resistance associated with PAHs, highlighting its implications. The environmental effects and applications of genetically altered microbes in addressing this challenge warrant further exploration, emphasising the dynamic nature of ongoing research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Venkatraman
- Universiti Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Priyadarshini Sakthi Mohan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Barathan Muttiah
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Venkat Kumar Govindarajan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Ramapuram Campus, Chennai, 600 089, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Alagiri
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meng L, Yu H, Bai Y, Shang N, Shi K, Ji M, Chen R, Huang T, Yang H, Huang C. Nonhomologous Black Carbon Decoupled Char and Soot Sequestration Based on Stable Carbon Isotopes in Tibetan Plateau Lake Sediment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:18069-18078. [PMID: 36454627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Combustion-derived black carbon (BC) is an important component of sedimentary carbon pool. Due to different physicochemical properties, determining the source of char and soot is crucial for BC cycling, especially for nonhomologous char and soot in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This study analyzed the sequestration and source of BC, char, and soot in the Dagze Co (inner TP) sediment core via the content and δ13C, revealing the biomass and fossil fuel driving on nonsynchronous char and soot and their response to local anthropogenic activities and atmospheric transmission. The results showed that BC concentration increased from 1.19 ± 0.35 mg g-1 (pre-1956) to 2.03 ± 1.05 mg g-1 (after 1956). The variation of char was similar to BC, while nonhomologous growth was detected in char and soot (r = 0.29 and p > 0.05). The source apportionment showed that biomass burning for 71.52 ± 10.23% of char and promoted char sequestration. The contribution of fossil fuel combustion to soot (46.67 ± 14.07%) is much higher than char (28.48 ± 10.23%). Redundancy analysis confirmed that local anthropogenic activities significantly influenced BC burial and atmospheric transport from outside TP-regulated BC burial. The contribution of biomass and fossil fuels to nonsynchronous char and soot is conducive to understanding the anthropogenic effect on BC burial in the TP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lize Meng
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Heyu Yu
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yixin Bai
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Nana Shang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Kunlin Shi
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ming Ji
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi653100, China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing210008, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Changchun Huang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Xiong Z, Wang L, Yang X, Yan X, Li Y, Zhang C, Liang T. Potential hot spots contaminated with exogenous, rare earth elements originating from e-waste dismantling and recycling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 309:119717. [PMID: 35810987 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dismantling and recycling e-waste has been recognized as a potential emission source of rare earth elements (REEs). However, the presence of REEs in typical regional soils has yet to be studied. Given the potential health implications of such soil contamination, it is vital to study the characteristics, spatial distribution, and pollution level of REEs caused by e-waste dismantling as well as determine the influencing mechanism. This study focused on Guiyu Town as an example site, which is a typical e-waste dismantling base. From the site, 39 topsoil samples of different types were collected according to grid distribution points. Soil profiles were also collected in the dismantling and non-dismantling areas. The REE characteristic parameters showed that the REE distribution was abnormal and was affected by multiple factors. The results of the integrated pollution index showed that approximately 61.5% of soil samples were considered to be lightly polluted. Spatial distribution and correlation analysis showed that hot spots of REE-polluted soil coincided with known, main pollution sources. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation (p ≤0.05) between the REE concentration and the distance from the pollution source. E-waste disassembly and recycling greatly affect the physical and chemical properties of the surrounding soil as well as downward migration areas. In the disassembly area, REE accumulated more easily in the surface layer (0-20 cm). Geographical detector results showed that distance factor was the main contribution factor for both light rare earth elements (LREE) and heavy rare earth element (HREE) (q = 34.59% and 53.33%, respectively). REE distribution in soil was nonlinear enhanced by different factors. Taken together, these results showed that e-waste disassembling and recycling not only directly affected the spatial distribution of REEs, but that their distribution was also affected by land use type and soil properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhunan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiulan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - You Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- Department of Geography, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meng L, Yue S, Yu H, Huang T, Huang C, Yang H. Coal combustion facilitating faster burial of char than soot in a plateau lake of southwest China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129209. [PMID: 35739731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Black carbon (BC) is a retarder in carbon cycle, and the proportion of char and soot in BC restricts the significance of BC as a sink in carbon cycle. Tracing the sources of char and soot is helpful for in-depth understanding the anthropogenic-driven burial and pattern of BC, and is crucial for regulating emissions of BC and impact of BC on carbon cycle/climate change. This study investigated source-driven BC via the concentration and δ13C of BC (char and soot) in a Plateau lake sediment. The burial rate of BC (mean: 6.42 ± 5.09 g m-2 yr-1) showed an increasing trend (3.7 times after 1977 compared with before), and the growth rate of char (4.1 times) was faster than soot (2.5 times). The source trace results, showing faster growth of coal combustion ratio in char (increased 21% after 1980 compared with before) than soot (13%), proved that coal combustion promoted faster growth of char in BC. Redundancy analysis confirmed that more low-temperature utilization of coal urged a stronger driving force for char than soot, which caused BC to have lower aromatic content and higher reactivity in organic carbon pool from the past to present, further impact the effects of BC on carbon cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lize Meng
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shulin Yue
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Heyu Yu
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Changchun Huang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qi R, Pan L, Liu T, Li Z. Source risk, ecological risk, and bioeffect assessment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay of Shandong Peninsula, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:56705-56726. [PMID: 35347599 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to incorporate the contribution of pollution sources to ecological risks into environmental monitoring, positive matrix factorization-risk quotient (PMF-RQ) was used to quantify the contribution of different PAH sources to ecological risks, which indicated that the unburned petroleum, vehicular emissions, and diesel combustion were the main sources of PAHs in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay, and they were caused by petrochemical industry, maritime shipping, and urban traffic exhaust as the major sources of PAHs for ecological risk. Meanwhile, integrated biomarker response (IBR) and multi-biomarker pollution index (MPI) suggested that September was the most polluted month for PAHs in Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay and the pollution in Laizhou Bay was significantly higher than that in Jiaozhou Bay. This research was dedicated to explore the monitoring pattern for PAH pollution from the source to bioeffects, and it may have contributed a scientific support to monitoring and governance of marine PAH pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruicheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Luqing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shukla S, Khan R, Bhattacharya P, Devanesan S, AlSalhi MS. Concentration, source apportionment and potential carcinogenic risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in roadside soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133413. [PMID: 34973253 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PAHs are organic pollutants that have carcinogenic and mutagenic impacts on human health and are a subject of great concern. The soil-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the urban areas can be very lethal to human health. The concentrations, sources, and possible cancer risks of 15 PAHs were analysed by collecting roadside soil samples in Lucknow, India. The range of ∑15PAHs was found to be 478.94 ng/g to 8164.07 ng/g with a mean concentration of 3748.23 ng/g. The highest contribution (32.5%) was found to be from four-ring PAHs, followed by six-ring (24.5%) and five-ring (16.7%) PAHs. The source apportionment through diagnostic ratios ANT/(ANT + PHE) against FL-2/(FL-2+PYR) highlighted the dominance of petroleum, wood, coal, and grass combustion as sources of PAHs in the study area. Source apportionment was also done through positive matrix factorization, confirming the dominance of 'vehicular emissions' (49%), followed by 'coal and biomass combustion' (∼39%), and 'leakages, volatilization and petroleum combustion' (∼12%) as potential sources. The results from lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) varied in the range of 7.5 × 10-4 and 1.3 × 10 × -2 illustrating 'high cancer risk'. The total cancer risk susceptibility of children was found to be 31% more than that of adults. The highest risk associated with toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) was found at site S8 highlighting the impact of the presence of an international airport, and huge traffic load. The present study will prove to be useful for information related to human exposure to PAHs content in soil in the study area and as baseline study for policy makers, stakeholders, and researchers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Shukla
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, India.
| | - Ramsha Khan
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, India.
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- KTH-International Groundwater Arsenic Research Group, Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 10B, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Chen H, Liu C, Chen R, Wang Y, Teng Y. Developing an integrated framework for source apportionment and source-specific health risk assessment of PAHs in soils: Application to a typical cold region in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125730. [PMID: 34088198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Here, a new integrated methodology framework has been proposed for source apportionment and source-oriented risk evaluation, and applied to identify the characteristics, sources and health risks of PAHs in the soils of a typical cold region in Northeastern China. To this end, a large-scale data set containing 1780 soil samples and 16 priority PAHs has been collected from the study area. Two advanced receptor models, positive matrix factorization (PMF) and multivariate curve resolution-weighted alternating least-squares (MCR-WALS), have been comparatively employed to apportion the pollution sources of soil PAHs, with the help of a set of modified literature PAH source fingerprints. Further, the apportionment results have been incorporated into a probabilistic incremental lifetime cancer risk model for assessing the source-specific health risk of soil PAHs. Notably, the PMF and MCR-WALS models have apportioned essentially same results. The coal combustion and gasoline engine are identified as the main contributors of soil PAHs, with contributions of 57.9-58.1% and 25.2-22.2%, respectively. The health risks posed by PAHs in the soils are negligible for both adult and children; relatively, source-oriented risk assessment shows coal combustions make the largest contribution to the total risk of PAHs (56.1%), followed by gasoline engine (22.5%) and coke oven (21.4%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruihui Chen
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yeyao Wang
- China National Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang J, Sun P, Zhang X, Wei XY, Huang YP, Du WN, Qadeer A, Liu M, Huang Y. Source apportionment of PAHs in roadside agricultural soils of a megacity using positive matrix factorization receptor model and compound-specific carbon isotope analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123592. [PMID: 32795824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in agricultural soils (n = 41) along Shanghai road net was systematically investigated to characterize pollution distribution and to apportion sources. Total PAH (Σ16PAH) concentrations in roadside agricultural soils varied from 17.2 to 3775 ng/g with an average of 339 ± 594 ng/g, 43.9 % of which corresponded to weakly - heavily contaminated levels. The spatial distribution of pollution hotspots depended on heavy traffic volume and intensive industrial activities in adjacent areas. A positive matrix factorization receptor model identified that vehicle emission and combustion of coal, biomass and natural gas were the predominant sources, accounting for 66.0 % and 23.7 % of Σ16PAH loadings, respectively. Stable carbon isotope analysis was applied for the first time in seven sites with high Σ16PAH concentrations for tracing their unique sources. It was concluded that PAHs in the heavily contaminated soil site G18 predominantly came from vehicle emission sources, different from the six other sites controlled by coal-processing and biomass combustion sources. Future studies should focus on quantifying the source contribution of PAHs in roadside agricultural soils based on the combination of multi-isotope approaches due to the data overlap of δ13C in certain sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xin-Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yan-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei-Ning Du
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Ye Huang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo XP, Zhao S, Chen YR, Yang J, Hou LJ, Liu M, Yang Y. Antibiotic resistance genes in sediments of the Yangtze Estuary: From 2007 to 2019. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140713. [PMID: 32693274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the occurrence and succession of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, the investigation of ARGs in sediment for a long time scale is urgently needed. In this study, sediment samples were taken in the Yangtze Estuarine area from 2007 to 2019, and the interannual variations in ARGs and their possible physicochemical and socioeconomic influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the abundance of ARGs, including sul1, sul2, tetM, tetW, aac(6')-Ib and qnrS, was higher in recent years (from 2015 to 2019) than that in earlier years (from 2007 to 2011), and heavier ARG pollution was found in Wusongkou (WSK) samples than in Liuhekou (LHK) samples. According to the redundancy discriminant analysis (RDA) and correlation analysis, the antibiotics (especially individual antibiotic categories, including oxytetracycline, doxycycline hyclate and norfloxacin), metals and a metal resistance gene (zntA) and total organic carbon (TOC) showed significant correlations to ARGs. In addition, antibiotics, metals, TOC and ARGs were also significantly correlated with several socioeconomic indices. Furthermore, the extended STIRPAT model analysis revealed that the second industry product and the first industry product were the major socioeconomic driver factors for the ARG distribution at WSK and LHK, respectively. Overall, with socioeconomic development, antibiotics, metals, TOC and ARGs increased in sediment. In addition, antibiotics, metals and TOC may participate in the regulation of the occurrence and distribution of ARGs in the Yangtze Estuary for the long time scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu-Ru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Jun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Q, Chen B, Wang R, Zhu M, Shao Y, Wang N, Liu X, Zhang T, Jiang F, Wang W, Jiang Y, Zhao G, He N, Chen W. Cohort profile: protocol and baseline survey for the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB) study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035430. [PMID: 32641326 PMCID: PMC7348462 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank (SSACB) was established to identify environmental, lifestyle and genetic risk factors for non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in adults (20-74 years old) living in a suburban area of Shanghai with rapid urbanisation. PARTICIPANTS Two of eight suburban district were purposely selected according to participant willingness, health service facilities, population, geographic region and electronic medical record system. From these suburban districts, four communities were selected based on economic level and population size. At stage three, one-third of the committees/villages were randomly selected from each community. All residents aged 20-74 years old were invited as study participants. FINDINGS TO DATE The baseline data on demographics, lifestyle and physical health-related factors were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire interview. All participants completed physical examinations and had blood and urine tests. Blood and urine samples from these tests were stored in a biobank. From 6 April 2016 through 31 October 2017, we conducted face-to-face interviews and clinical examinations in 44 887 participants: 35 727 from Songjiang District and 9160 from Jiading District. The average age of participants was 56.4±11.2 years in Songjiang and 56.6±10.5 years in Jiading. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia was 34.0%, 8.2% and 11.1%, respectively. FUTURE PLANS In-person surveys will be conducted every 5 years. For annual tracking, baseline data was linked to the local health information system, which was composed of an electronic medical record system, a chronic disease management system, a cancer registry system, an infectious disease report system and a death registry system. The data of the SSACB cohort is located in the School of Public Health, Fudan University. International and domestic collaborative research projects are encouraged and inherent in the project.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiping Wang
- General office, Songjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiying Zhu
- General office, Songjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqin Shao
- General office, Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonggen Jiang
- General office, Songjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Genming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Health Economic, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu W, Jiang Y, Wang N, Zhu M, Liu X, Jiang F, Zhao G, Zhao Q. Sleep quality of Shanghai residents: population-based cross-sectional study. Qual Life Res 2019; 29:1055-1064. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
12
|
Zhan C, Wan D, Han Y, Zhang J. Historical variation of black carbon and PAHs over the last ~200 years in central North China: Evidence from lake sediment records. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:891-899. [PMID: 31302553 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As the largest coal-producing province in China, the coal production of Shanxi Province accounts for one third of the country's total. Thus it is of great importance to study the pollution history of typical pollutants in Shanxi Province and their links with energy usage in North China. Sediment cores from two relatively remote lakes in central North China were retrieved to investigate historical evolutions of black carbon (BC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the last ~200 years. The two records show several-fold increases in both concentrations and depositional fluxes of BC, char, soot, and PAHs in recent five decades, which were associated with the influence of anthropogenic activities resulting from socio-economic development in Shanxi Province. However, after ~2000 their fluxes decreased sharply due to China's effort on environmental protection. These changes indicate that atmospheric BC and PAHs loads in the region were affected significantly by recent anthropogenic activities and environmental policies. Ratios of individual PAHs and char/soot indicate pyrogenic sources of these increased pollutants in recent decades, with coking industry and coal combustion as the two major sources. Significant positive correlations between BC and PAHs were observed in both cores of Lake Gonghai and Lake Mayinghai, indicating that they were likely co-transported by BC particles from similar sources. This study provides new and important understanding of the atmospheric pollution history of BC and PAHs in North China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Zhan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Dejun Wan
- Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Yongming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| |
Collapse
|