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Guo H, Chen H, Yang Y, Xie D, Dang Y, Xiang M, Yu Y. Neurotoxicity of tetrabromobisphenol-A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) through the GABAergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124392. [PMID: 38897283 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol-A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (TBBPA-BDBPE), a novel additive brominated flame retardant, is being developed for use in polyolefin and copolymers. Despite its emerging application, the neurotoxicity and mechanisms of action of TBBPA-BDBPE remain unexplored. Caenorhabditis elegans was utilized as the model organism to study the neurotoxic effects of TBBPA-BDBPE across environmental concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 μg/L. This investigation focused on various toxicological endpoints such as locomotive behavior, neuronal injury, neurotransmitter transmission, and the regulation of nervous system-related gene expression. Acute exposure to TBBPA-BDBPE at concentrations of 10-100 μg/L significantly impaired nematode movement, indicating potential neurotoxicity. In transgenic nematodes, this exposure also caused damage to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) and serotonergic neurons, along with notable changes in the levels of GABAergic and serotonergic neurotransmitters. Further molecular studies indicated alterations in neurotransmission-related genes (cat-4, mod-1, unc-25, and unc-47). Molecular docking analysis confirmed the binding affinity of TBBPA-BDBPE to key neurotransmission proteins-CAT-4, MOD-1, UNC-25, and UNC-47. These findings demonstrate that TBBPA-BDBPE exerts neurotoxic effects by impacting GABAergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in nematodes. This study provides new insights into the potential environmental risks of TBBPA-BDBPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Institute for Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Dongli Xie
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China; College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
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2
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Wan X, Liang G, Wang D. Neurotoxicity and accumulation of CPPD quinone at environmentally relevant concentrations in Caenorhabditis elegans. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142499. [PMID: 38824792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
CPPD quinone (CPPDQ) is a member of PPDQs, which was widely distributed in different environments. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model, we here examined neurotoxicity and accumulation of CPPDQ and the underlying mechanism. After exposure to 0.01-10 μg/L CPPDQ, obvious body accumulation of CPDDQ was detected. Meanwhile, exposure to CPPDQ (0.01-10 μg/L) decreased head thrash, body bend, and forward turn, and increased backward turn. Nevertheless, only exposure to 10 μg/L CPPDQ induced neurodegeneration in GABAergic system. Exposure to CPPDQ (0.01-10 μg/L) further decreased expressions of daf-7 encoding TGF-β ligand, jnk-1 encoding JNK MAPK, and mpk-1 encoding ERK MAPK. Additionally, among examined G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes, exposure to CPPDQ (0.01-10 μg/L) decreased dcar-1 expression and increased npr-8 expression. RNAi of daf-7, jnk-1, mpk-1, and dcar-1 resulted in susceptibility, and nhr-8 RNAi caused resistance to CPPDQ neurotoxicity and accumulation. Moreover, in CPPDQ exposed nematodes, RNAi of dcar-1 decreased jnk-1 and mpk-1 expressions, and RNAi of npr-8 increased mpk-1 expression. Therefore, exposure to CPPDQ potentially resulted in neurotoxicity by inhibiting TGF-β, JNK MAPK, and ERK MAPK signals. The inhibition in JNK MAPK and ERK MAPKs signals in CPPDQ exposed nematodes was further related to alteration in GPCRs of DCAR-1 and NHR-8 in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Shenzhen Ruipuxun Academy for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen, China.
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Zahed MA, Salehi S, Khoei MA, Esmaeili P, Mohajeri L. Risk assessment of Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene, and Xylene (BTEX) in the atmospheric air around the world: A review. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105825. [PMID: 38615724 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds, such as BTEX, have been the subject of numerous debates due to their detrimental effects on the environment and human health. Human beings have had a significant role in the emergence of this situation. Even though US EPA, WHO, and other health-related organizations have set standard limits as unhazardous levels, it has been observed that within or even below these limits, constant exposure to these toxic chemicals results in negative consequences as well. According to these facts, various studies have been carried out all over the world - 160 of which are collected within this review article, so that experts and governors may come up with effective solutions to manage and control these toxic chemicals. The outcome of this study will serve the society to evaluate and handle the risks of being exposed to BTEX. In this review article, the attempt was to collect the most accessible studies relevant to risk assessment of BTEX in the atmosphere, and for the article to contain least bias, it was reviewed and re-evaluated by all authors, who are from different institutions and backgrounds, so that the insights of the article remain unbiased. There may be some limitations to consistency or precision in some points due to the original sources, however the attempt was to minimize them as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Salehi
- Department of Health, Safety and Environment, Petropars Company, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahtab Akbarzadeh Khoei
- Department of Fiber and Particle Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pedram Esmaeili
- Department of Fiber and Particle Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Leila Mohajeri
- Department of HSE, Ostovan Kish Drilling Company (OKDC), No. 148, Dastgerdi Street (Zafar), Tehran, Iran
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Zhu X, Xia Y, Wang H, Shi L, Yin H, Gu M, Yan F. PM 2.5 induced neurotoxicity through unbalancing vitamin B12 metabolism by gut microbiota disturbance. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2267186. [PMID: 37842922 PMCID: PMC10580859 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2267186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere is easily accompanied by toxic and harmful substances, causing serious harm to human health, including cognitive impairment. Vitamin B12 (VitB12) is an essential micronutrient that is synthesized by bacteria and contributes to neurotransmitter synthesis as a nutrition and signaling molecule. However, the relationship between VitB12 attenuation of cognitive impairment and intestinal microbiota regulation in PM2.5 exposure has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that PM2.5 caused behavioral defects and neuronal damage in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), along with significant gene expression changes in neurotransmitter receptors and a decrease in VitB12 content, causing behavioral defects and neuronal damage in C. elegans. Methylcobalamin (MeCbl), a VitB12 analog, alleviated PM2.5-induced neurotoxicity in C. elegans. Moreover, using in vivo and in vitro models, we discovered that long-term exposure to PM2.5 led to changes in the structure of the gut microbiota, resulting in an imbalance of the VitB12-associated metabolic pathway followed by cognitive impairment. MeCbl supplementation could increase the diversity of the bacteria, reduce harmful substance contents, and restore the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and neurotransmitters to the level of the control group to some degree. Here, a new target to mitigate the harm caused by PM2.5 was discovered, supplying MeCbl for relieving intestinal and intracellular neurotransmitter disorders. Our results also provide a reference for the use of VitB12 to target the adjustment of the human intestinal microbiota to improve metabolic disorders in people exposed to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhu
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Xia
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Laboratory animal center, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Shi
- Weifang Elbe Health Food Co. Ltd, Weifang, China
| | - Hongping Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Laboratory animal center, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meier Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Laboratory animal center, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fujie Yan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Qiu L, Lok KS, Lu Q, Zhong H, Guo X, Shim H. Zinc and copper supplements enhance trichloroethylene removal by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida in water. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:3698-3709. [PMID: 35451932 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2069518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of two microelements, zinc and copper, on the aerobic co-metabolic removal of trichloroethylene (10 mg/L) by the isolate Pseudomonas plecoglossicida were investigated. The strain was previously isolated from a petroleum-contaminated site using toluene (150 mg/L) as substrate. Different concentrations (1, 10 and 100 mg/L) of microelements provided with SO42- and Cl- were tested. The results showed the supplement of Zn2+ and Cu2+ at the low concentration (1 mg/L) significantly enhanced cell growth. The removal efficiencies for toluene and trichloroethylene were also enhanced at the low concentration (1 mg/L) of Zn2+ and Cu2+. Compared to the control without zinc supplement, higher concentrations of zinc (10 and 100 mg/L) enhanced the removal efficiencies for both toluene and trichloroethylene in the first three days but showed some inhibitory effect afterward. However, the higher concentrations of Cu2+ (10 and 100 mg/L) always showed inhibitory to the toluene removal while showing inhibitory to the TCE removal after three days. For both Zn2+ and Cu2+, the anions SO42- and Cl- did not show significant difference in their effects on the toluene removal. A possible mechanism for Zn2+ and Cu2+ to enhance the removal of toluene and trichloroethylene would be their involvement in toluene oxygenase-based transformation processes. In addition, high concentrations of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions could be removed from the liquid by the cells accordingly. The results imply a potential of supplementing low concentrations of zinc and copper to enhance bioremediation of the sites co-contaminated with toluene and trichloroethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Qiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Keng Seng Lok
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihong Lu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyuan Guo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hojae Shim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau SAR, People's Republic of China
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Martins AC, Virgolini MB, Ávila DS, Scharf P, Li J, Tinkov AA, Skalny AV, Bowman AB, Rocha JBT, Aschner M. Mitochondria in the Spotlight: C. elegans as a Model Organism to Evaluate Xenobiotic-Induced Dysfunction. Cells 2023; 12:2124. [PMID: 37681856 PMCID: PMC10486742 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular respiration, ATP production, and the regulation of various cellular processes. Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been directly linked to pathophysiological conditions, making them a significant target of interest in toxicological research. In recent years, there has been a growing need to understand the intricate effects of xenobiotics on human health, necessitating the use of effective scientific research tools. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a nonpathogenic nematode, has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating toxic mechanisms and mitochondrial dysfunction. With remarkable genetic homology to mammals, C. elegans has been used in studies to elucidate the impact of contaminants and drugs on mitochondrial function. This review focuses on the effects of several toxic metals and metalloids, drugs of abuse and pesticides on mitochondria, highlighting the utility of C. elegans as a model organism to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction induced by xenobiotics. Mitochondrial structure, function, and dynamics are discussed, emphasizing their essential role in cellular viability and the regulation of processes such as autophagy, apoptosis, and calcium homeostasis. Additionally, specific toxins and toxicants, such as arsenic, cadmium, and manganese are examined in the context of their impact on mitochondrial function and the utility of C. elegans in elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we demonstrate the utilization of C. elegans as an experimental model providing a promising platform for investigating the intricate relationships between xenobiotics and mitochondrial dysfunction. This knowledge could contribute to the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of contaminants and drugs of abuse, ultimately enhancing our understanding of these complex processes and promoting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airton C. Martins
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Miriam B. Virgolini
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis Elegans, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 592, Uruguaiana 97500-970, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Scharf
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Jung Li
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA 50312, USA
| | - Alexey A. Tinkov
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Skalny
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl 150003, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Dietetics, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119435, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Aaron B. Bowman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2051, USA
| | - João B. T. Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
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Hua X, Feng X, Liang G, Chao J, Wang D. Long-term exposure to 6-PPD quinone reduces reproductive capacity by enhancing germline apoptosis associated with activation of both DNA damage and cell corpse engulfment in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131495. [PMID: 37119572 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ), a derivative of tire antioxidant 6-PPD, was reported to have acute toxicity for organisms. However, the possible reproductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ is still largely unclear. In this study, the reproductive toxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure was further investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure to 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ reduced the reproductive capacity. Meanwhile, exposure to 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ enhanced the germline apoptosis, which was accompanied by upregulation of ced-3, ced-4, and egl-1 expressions and downregulation of ced-9 expression. The observed increase in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was associated with the enhancement in DNA damage and increase in expressions of related genes of cep-1, clk-2, hus-1, and mrt-2. The detected enhancement in germline apoptosis in 1 and 10 μg/L 6-PPDQ exposed nematodes was further associated with the increase in expressions of ced-1 and ced-6 governing the cell corpse engulfment process. Molecular docking analysis indicated the binding potentials of 6-PPDQ with three DNA damage checkpoints (CLK-2, HUS-1, and MRT-2) and corpse-recognizing phagocytic receptor CED-1. Therefore, our data suggested the toxicity on reproductive capacity by 6-PPDQ at environmentally relevant concentrations by enhancing DNA damage- and cell corpse engulfment-induced germline apoptosis in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Jacques MT, Soares MV, Farina M, Bornhorst J, Schwerdtle T, Ávila DS. Impaired Physiological Responses and Neurotoxicity Induced by a Chlorpyrifos-Based Formulation in Caenorhabditis elegans are not Solely Dependent on the Active Ingredient. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104196. [PMID: 37354962 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The current massive and indiscriminate agrochemicals usage, which is inexorably linked to the toxic consequences to the environment and people, represents a great concern. Our work aimed to compare the toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos in its pure form (CPF) with that of a commercial formulation containing allegedly inert ingredients (CBCF) using Caenorhabditis elegans as in vivo model. After a 48h exposure period, CBCF was 14 times more lethal than CPF; Hatching, brood size, body length and motor-related behavioral parameters were decreased, but these effects were significantly higher in CBCF-exposed worms. Additionally, CBCF induced significant morphological changes in cholinergic neurons, which are associated with the motor-related behavioral parameters. Finally, by analyzing the CBCF, were detected the presence of potentially-toxic metals that were not specified in the label. The presented results highlight the toxicological relevance of components present in the commercial formulations of pesticides, which have been claimed as inert compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Tavares Jacques
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, PO BOX 118, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Department of Biochemistry, CCB, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Block C, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcell Valandro Soares
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, PO BOX 118, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurotoxicology and Neuroprotection Experimental, Departament of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Farina
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, Department of Biochemistry, CCB, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Block C, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge-DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans, Graduation Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Pampa, BR 472, Km 592, PO BOX 118, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Marsotto M, De Santis S, Sotgiu G, Battocchio C, Iucci G, Ceccucci A, Masci G, Orsini M. Multifunctional Platform for Covalent Titanium Coatings: Micro-FTIR, XPS, and NEXAFS Characterizations. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6837-6845. [PMID: 37130382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This work aims at preparing and characterizing a versatile multifunctional platform enabling the immobilization of macromolecules on a titanium surface by robust covalent grafting. Functionalized titanium is widely used in the biomedical field to improve its properties. Despite its high biocompatibility and osteointegrability, titanium implants are not very stable in the long term due to the onset of inflammation and bacterial infections. The proposed method allows the superficial insertion of three different organic linkers to be used as anchors for the attachment of biopolymers or bioactive molecules. This strategy used green solvents and is a good alternative to the proposed classic methods that employ organic solvents. The uniformly modified surfaces were characterized by micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS). The latter made it possible to assess the orientation of the linker molecules with respect to the titanium surface. To test the efficiency of the linkers, two polymers (alginate and 2-(dimethylamino)-ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA)), with the potential ability to increase biocompatibility, were covalently attached to the titanium surfaces. The obtained results are a good starting point for the realization of stable polymeric coatings permanently bonded to the surface that could be used to extend the life of biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Marsotto
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena De Santis
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Anita Ceccucci
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Masci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Monica Orsini
- Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, Roma Tre University, Via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
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Hua X, Feng X, Liang G, Chao J, Wang D. Exposure to 6-PPD Quinone at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Causes Abnormal Locomotion Behaviors and Neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:4940-4950. [PMID: 36913653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) can be transformed from 6-PPD through ozonation. Nevertheless, the potential neurotoxicity of 6-PPDQ after long-term exposure and the underlying mechanism are largely unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans, we here observed that 0.1-10 μg/L of 6-PPDQ caused several forms of abnormal locomotion behaviors. Meanwhile, the neurodegeneration of D-type motor neurons was observed in 10 μg/L of 6-PPDQ-exposed nematodes. The observed neurodegeneration was associated with the activation of the Ca2+ channel DEG-3-mediated signaling cascade. In this signaling cascade, expressions of deg-3, unc-68, itr-1, crt-1, clp-1, and tra-3 were increased by 10 μg/L of 6-PPDQ. Moreover, among genes encoding neuronal signals required for the control of stress response, expressions of jnk-1 and dbl-1 were decreased by 0.1-10 μg/L of 6-PPDQ, and expressions of daf-7 and glb-10 were decreased by 10 μg/L of 6-PPDQ. RNAi of jnk-1, dbl-1, daf-7, and glb-10 resulted in the susceptibility to 6-PPDQ toxicity in decreasing locomotory ability and in inducing neurodegeneration, suggesting that JNK-1, DBL-1, DAF-7, and GLB-10 were also required for the induction of 6-PPDQ neurotoxicity. Molecular docking analysis further demonstrated the binding potential of 6-PPDQ to DEG-3, JNK-1, DBL-1, DAF-7, and GLB-10. Together, our data suggested the exposure risk of 6-PPDQ at environmentally relevant concentrations in causing neurotoxicity in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Chao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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11
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Li X, Chen Y, Gao W, Mo A, Zhang Y, Jiang J, He D. Prominent toxicity of isocyanates and maleic anhydrides to Caenorhabditis elegans: Multilevel assay for typical organic additives of biodegradable plastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130051. [PMID: 36179627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable plastics (BDP) are increasingly applied; however, there has been of concerns about their environmental safety, especially from nondegradable additive compositions. Until now, data of ecotoxicity of BDP additives is scarce. Here, nematode C. elegans was used to comparatively evaluate toxicity of an isocyanate additive, i.e., Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), a maleic anhydride, i.e., Diallyl maleate (DIM), and other four BDP organic additives. These additives caused lethality of nematodes at µg L-1 level, of lowest LC50 value of HDI/DIM. Uniform exposure to these additives resulted in various degrees of inhibitions in body volumes and longevity, indicating developmental toxicity. Moreover, BDP additives induced significant elevations of gst-4 expression, especially mean 123.54 %/234.29 % increase in HDI/DIM group, but reduced ges-1 expression, which indicates oxidative damages and mitochondrial dysfunction. BDP additives further caused inhibition in locomotor and food intake/excretion behavior, and related damages of glutamatergic neurons and GABAergic neurons, indicating their neurotoxicity. We found HDI and DIM presented relatively strong effects on susceptible endpoints including lethality, gst-4, mean lifespan, food intake and excretion behavior. Overall, this study suggests prominent ecotoxic risk of isocyanates and maleic anhydrides as BDP additives, which is significant for the selection of environmentally friendly BDP additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Aoyun Mo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Defu He
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai 200062, China.
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12
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Regulation of spermatogenic cell apoptosis by the pro-apoptotic proteins in the testicular tissues of mammalian and avian species. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 247:107158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Côa F, Delite FDS, Strauss M, Martinez DST. Toxicity mitigation and biodistribution of albumin corona coated graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes in Caenorhabditis elegans. NANOIMPACT 2022; 27:100413. [PMID: 35940564 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the toxicity and biodistribution of graphene oxide (GO) and oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were investigated in Caenorhabditis elegans. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was selected as a model protein to evaluate the influence of protein corona formation on materials physicochemical properties, colloidal stability, and toxicity. Biological assays were performed to assess the effects of bare and albumin corona coated materials on survival, oxidative stress, intestinal barrier permeability, growth, reproduction, and fertility. Critical alterations in topography, surface roughness and chemistry of GO and MWCNT were observed due to albumin corona formation. These modifications were associated with changes in colloidal stability of materials and prevention of their aggregation and sedimentation in nematode testing medium. Both GO and MWCNT caused damage to nematode survival, growth, reproduction, and fertility, as well as enhanced oxidative stress and permeability of the intestinal barrier. But GO was more toxic than MWCNT to C. elegans, especially at long-term assays. Albumin corona mitigated 100% of acute and chronic effects of MWCNT. In contrast, the negative effects of GO were not completely mitigated; GO inhibited 16.2% of nematode growth, 86.5% of reproduction, and 32.0% of fertility at the highest concentration evaluated (10 mg L-1), while corona coated GO mitigated 50% and 100% of fertility and growth, respectively. Confocal Raman spectroscopy imaging was crucial to point out that bare and albumin corona coated GO and MWCNT crossed the C. elegans intestinal barrier reaching its reproductive organs. However, BSA corona protected the nematodes targeted organs from negative effects from MWCNT and blocked its translocation to other tissues, while coated GO was translocated inside the nematode affecting the functionality of crucial organs. In addition, coated MWCNT was excreted after 2 h of food resumption, whereas coated GO still accumulated in the nematode intestine. Our results demonstrate that the materials different translocation and excretion patterns in C. elegans had a relation to the impaired physiological functions of primary and secondary organs. This work is a contribution towards a better understanding of the impacts of protein corona on the toxicity of graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes; essential information for biological applications and nanosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Côa
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabrício de Souza Delite
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mathias Strauss
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Center of Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diego Stéfani Teodoro Martinez
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Technology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Soares MV, Mesadri J, Gonçalves DF, Cordeiro LM, Franzen da Silva A, Obetine Baptista FB, Wagner R, Dalla Corte CL, Soares FAA, Ávila DS. Neurotoxicity induced by toluene: In silico and in vivo evidences of mitochondrial dysfunction and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 298:118856. [PMID: 35033616 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Toluene is an air pollutant widely used as an organic solvent in industrial production and emitted by fossil fuel combustion, in addition to being used as a drug of abuse. Its toxic effects in the central nervous system have not been well established, and how and which neurons are affected remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to fill this gap by investigating three central questions: 1) How does toluene induce neurotoxicity? 2) Which neurons are affected? And 3) What are the long-term effects induced by airborne exposure to toluene? To this end, a Caenorhabditis elegans model was employed, in which worms at the fourth larval stage were exposed to toluene in the air for 24 h in a vapor chamber to simulate four exposure scenarios. After the concentration-response curve analysis, we chose scenarios 3 (E3: 792 ppm) and 4 (E4: 1094 ppm) for the following experiments. The assays were performed 1, 48, or 96 h after removal from the exposure environments, and an irreversible reduction in neuron fluorescence and morphologic alterations were observed in different neurons of exposed worms, particularly in the dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, a significant impairment in a dopaminergic-dependent behavior was also associated with negative effects in healthspan endpoints, and we also noted that mitochondria may be involved in toluene-induced neurotoxicity since lower adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) levels and mitochondrial viability were observed. In addition, a reduction of electron transport chain activity was evidenced using ex vivo protocols, which were reinforced by in silico and in vitro analysis, demonstrating toluene action in the mitochondrial complexes. Based on these findings model, it is plausible that toluene neurotoxicity can be initiated by complex I inhibition, triggering a mitochondrial dysfunction that may lead to irreversible dopaminergic neuronal death, thus impairing neurobehavioral signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcell Valandro Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Mesadri
- Departamento: Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciência Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Farina Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marafiga Cordeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Franzen da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Bicca Obetine Baptista
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Wagner
- Departamento: Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciência Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lenz Dalla Corte
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Bioquímica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA, CEP 97500-970, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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15
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Risk Factors for Brain Health in Agricultural Work: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063373. [PMID: 35329061 PMCID: PMC8954905 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Certain exposures related to agricultural work have been associated with neurological disorders. To date, few studies have included brain health measurements to link specific risk factors with possible neural mechanisms. Moreover, a synthesis of agricultural risk factors associated with poorer brain health outcomes is missing. In this systematic review, we identified 106 articles using keywords related to agriculture, occupational exposure, and the brain. We identified seven major risk factors: non-specific factors that are associated with agricultural work itself, toluene, pesticides, heavy metal or dust exposure, work with farm animals, and nicotine exposure from plants. Of these, pesticides are the most highly studied. The majority of qualifying studies were epidemiological studies. Nigral striatal regions were the most well studied brain area impacted. Of the three human neuroimaging studies we found, two focused on functional networks and the third focused on gray matter. We identified two major directions for future studies that will help inform preventative strategies for brain health in vulnerable agricultural workers: (1) the effects of moderators such as type of work, sex, migrant status, race, and age; and (2) more comprehensive brain imaging studies, both observational and experimental, involving several imaging techniques.
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16
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Xu H, Wang X, Zhang X, Cheng J, Zhang J, Chen M, Wu T. A Deep Learning Analysis Reveals Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots Damage Neurons of Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3314. [PMID: 34947663 PMCID: PMC8703693 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Along with the rapidly increasing applications of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) in the field of biomedicine, the exposure of N-GQDs undoubtedly pose a risk to the health of human beings, especially in the nervous system. In view of the lack of data from in vivo studies, this study used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), which has become a valuable animal model in nanotoxicological studies due to its multiple advantages, to undertake a bio-safety assessment of N-GQDs in the nervous system with the assistance of a deep learning model. The findings suggested that accumulated N-GQDs in the nematodes' bodies damaged their normal behavior in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the impairments of the nervous system were obviously severe when the exposure dosages were above 100 μg/mL. When assessing the morphological changes of neurons caused by N-GQDs, a quantitative image-based analysis based on a deep neural network algorithm (YOLACT) was used because traditional image-based analysis is labor-intensive and limited to qualitative evaluation. The quantitative results indicated that N-GQDs damaged dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurons, which are involved in the neurotoxic effects of N-GQDs in the nematode C. elegans. This study not only suggests a fast and economic C. elegans model to undertake the risk assessment of nanomaterials in the nervous system, but also provides a valuable deep learning approach to quantitatively track subtle morphological changes of neurons at an unbiased level in a nanotoxicological study using C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Xu
- College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Jin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (X.W.); (X.Z.); (J.C.); (J.Z.); (M.C.)
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17
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van der Voet M, Teunis M, Louter-van de Haar J, Stigter N, Bhalla D, Rooseboom M, Wever KE, Krul C, Pieters R, Wildwater M, van Noort V. Towards a reporting guideline for developmental and reproductive toxicology testing in C. elegans and other nematodes. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:1202-1210. [PMID: 34950447 PMCID: PMC8692742 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Implementation of reliable methodologies allowing Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement (3Rs) of animal testing is a process that takes several decades and is still not complete. Reliable methods are essential for regulatory hazard assessment of chemicals where differences in test protocol can influence the test outcomes and thus affect the confidence in the predictive value of the organisms used as an alternative for mammals. Although test guidelines are common for mammalian studies, they are scarce for non-vertebrate organisms that would allow for the 3Rs of animal testing. Here, we present a set of 30 reporting criteria as the basis for such a guideline for Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology (DART) testing in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Small organisms like C. elegans are upcoming in new approach methodologies for hazard assessment; thus, reliable and robust test protocols are urgently needed. A literature assessment of the fulfilment of the reporting criteria demonstrates that although studies describe methodological details, essential information such as compound purity and lot/batch number or type of container is often not reported. The formulated set of reporting criteria for C. elegans testing can be used by (i) researchers to describe essential experimental details (ii) data scientists that aggregate information to assess data quality and include data in aggregated databases (iii) regulators to assess study data for inclusion in regulatory hazard assessment of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Teunis
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Innovative testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna Louter-van de Haar
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Innovative testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nienke Stigter
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Innovative testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Diksha Bhalla
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Martijn Rooseboom
- Toxicology group Shell International B.V., 2596 HR, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Kimberley E Wever
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cyrille Krul
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Innovative testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond Pieters
- Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Innovative testing in Life Sciences & Chemistry, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Utrecht University, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Vera van Noort
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
- Leiden University, Institute of Biology Leiden, 2333 BE, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111153. [PMID: 34827146 PMCID: PMC8615224 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Toluene has been shown to be highly toxic to humans and animals and can cause damage to various tissues. However, studies reporting its effects on ovarian function are still limited. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect of toluene using female Wistar rats. We found that toluene exposure decreased ovarian weight and affected ovarian structure by increasing the number of abnormally growing follicles. Moreover, it significantly increased progesterone and testosterone levels. We also showed that toluene exposure decreased GDF-9 protein and its encoding gene. In addition, it inhibited the expression of most of the genes involved in granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation, such as Insl3, ccnd2 and actb. The TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis occurred at the middle and high doses only (4000 and 8000 ppm, respectively), whereas no effect was observed at the low dose (2000 ppm). Interestingly, we showed that toluene exposure induced autophagy as LC3 protein and its encoding gene significantly increased for all doses of treatment. These results may suggest that the activation of autophagy at a low dose of exposure was to protect ovarian cells against death by inhibiting apoptosis, whereas its activation at high doses of exposure triggered apoptosis leading to cell death.
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Sharma S, Wakode S, Sharma A, Nair N, Dhobi M, Wani MA, Pottoo FH. Effect of environmental toxicants on neuronal functions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:44906-44921. [PMID: 32996088 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10950-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have attracted attention due to their high prevalence worldwide. Environmental factors may be one of the biggest reasons for these diseases related to neuronal dysfunctions. Most of neuronal disorders are strongly associated with pre- and postnatal exposure to environmental toxins released from industries. Some of the neurotoxic metals such as lead, aluminum, mercury, manganese, cadmium, and arsenic as well as some pesticides and metal-based nanoparticles have been involved in AD and PD due to their ability to produce senile/amyloid plaques and NFTs which are the main feature of these neuronal dysfunctions. Exposure to solvents is also majorly responsible for neurodegenerative disorders. The present review highlights the impact of omnipresent heavy metals with some other neurotoxins on human health and how they give rise to neuronal dysfunctions which in turn causes socio-economic consequences due to increasing pollution worldwide. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Sharma
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, MB road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Sharad Wakode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, MB road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Anjali Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, MB road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Nisha Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, MB road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Sector-3, MB road, Pushp Vihar, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad Wani
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, 163, Maniktala Main road, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Faheem Hyder Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O.BOX 1982, Damman, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
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Nephrotoxic effects caused by co-exposure to noise and toluene in New Zealand white rabbits: A biochemical and histopathological study. Life Sci 2020; 259:118254. [PMID: 32800833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The biological and renal effects made by simultaneous and non-simultaneous exposure to toluene and noise were investigated. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were exposed to 100 dB of white noise and 1000 ppm of toluene vapor for two weeks. The examined biochemical factors were urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, and albumin serum levels, measured on different days after the end of the exposure. Moreover, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPX), malondialdehyde dismutase activity (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) parameters were measured in the kidney tissue. The hematoxylin and eosin staining method was used for histopathological experiments. Overall, the noise increased albumin, uric acid, creatinine, and glucose levels, but it decreased urea, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Toluene decreased albumin, uric acid, and urea levels, while it increased creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol, and glucose levels. Simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene decreased albumin, uric acid, cholesterol, and urea levels, whereas it increased creatinine, glucose, and triglyceride levels. GPX, MDA, and SOD levels increased by simultaneous and non-simultaneous exposure to noise and toluene. Furthermore, massive tubular degeneration, tubular cell vacuolization, glomerular disorganization, congestion, glomerular cell shrinkage, and unclear brush border were detected in the kidney tissue.
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Pandey T, Smita SS, Mishra A, Sammi SR, Pandey R. Swertiamarin, a secoiridoid glycoside modulates nAChR and AChE activity. Exp Gerontol 2020; 138:111010. [PMID: 32590127 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ailments related to a malfunction in cholinergic functioning currently employ the use of inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The present study was designed to elucidate the potential of swertiamarin (SW), a secoiridoidal glycoside isolated from Enicostemma littorale in curtailing the cholinergic dysfunction. Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model, SW was found to enhance neurotransmission by modulating AChE and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) activity; being orchestrated through up-regulation of unc-17 and unc-50. SW exhibited AChE inhibition both in vivo and cell-free system. The in silico molecular docking of SW and human AChE (hAChE) displayed good binding energy of -6.02. Interestingly, the increase in aldicarb and levamisole sensitivity post SW treatment was curtailed to a significant level in daf-16 and skn-1 mutants. SW raised the level of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes through up-regulation of sod-3 and gst-4 that act downstream to DAF-16 and SKN-1, imparting protection against neurodegeneration. The outcome of our study displays SW as a potential natural molecule for the amelioration of cholinergic dysfunction. Moreover, the study also indicates that SW elicits antioxidant response via up-modulation of daf-16 possibly through unc-17 upregulation. Further research on SW pertaining to the underlying mechanism and potential is expected to significantly advance the current understanding and design of possible ameliorative or near ameliorative regimens for cholinergic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taruna Pandey
- Aging Biology Lab, Microbial Technology and Nematology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Shachi Shuchi Smita
- Aging Biology Lab, Microbial Technology and Nematology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shreesh Raj Sammi
- Aging Biology Lab, Microbial Technology and Nematology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Aging Biology Lab, Microbial Technology and Nematology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India.
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Wu T, Liang X, He K, Liu X, Li Y, Wang Y, Kong L, Tang M. The NLRP3-Mediated Neuroinflammatory Responses to CdTe Quantum Dots and the Protection of ZnS Shell. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3217-3233. [PMID: 32440120 PMCID: PMC7212783 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s246578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since CdTe quantum dots (QDs) are still widely considered as advanced fluorescent probes because of their far superior optical performance and fluorescence efficiency over non-cadmium QDs, it is important to find ways to control their toxicity. Methods In this study, the adverse effects of two cadmium-containing QDs, ie, CdTe QDs and CdTe@ZnS QDs, on the nervous system of nematode C. elegans, the hippocampus of mice, and cultured microglia were measured in order to evaluate the neuroinflammation caused by cadmium-containing QDs and the potential mechanisms. Results Firstly, we observed that cadmium-containing QD exposure-induced immune responses and neurobehavioral deficit in nematode C. elegans. In the mice treated with QDs, neuroinflammatory responses to QDs in the hippocampus, including microglial activation and IL-1ß release, occurred as well. When investigating the mechanisms of cadmium-containing QDs causing IL-1ß-mediated inflammation, the findings suggested that cadmium-containing QDs activated the NLRP3 inflammasome by causing excessive ROS generation, and resulted in IL-1ß release. Discussion Even though the milder immune responses and neurotoxicity of CdTe@ZnS QDs compared with CdTe QDs indicated the protective role of ZnS coating, the inhibitions of NLRP3 expression and ROS production completely reduced the IL-1ß-mediated inflammation. This provided valuable information that inhibiting target molecules is an effective and efficient way to alleviate the toxicity of cadmium-containing QDs, so it is important to evaluate QDs through a mechanism-based risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyu He
- Blood Transfusion Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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