1
|
Xuan Y, Shen D, Long Y, Shentu J, Lu L, Zhu M. Enlarging effects of microplastics on adsorption, desorption and bioaccessibility of chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardants in landfill soil particle-size fractions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135717. [PMID: 39241362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Chlorinated organophosphorus flame retardants (Cl-OPFRs) and microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants in landfills, but their synergistic behaviors and triggering risks were rarely focused on, impeding the resource utilization of landfill soils. This study systematically investigated the adsorption/desorption behaviors, bioaccessibility and human health risks of Cl-OPFRs in landfill soil particle-size fractions coexisted with MPs under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The results showed that the adsorption capacity and bioaccessibility of Cl-OPFRs in humus soil were higher than that in subsoil. MPs promoted the adsorption of tris(1-chloro-2-methylethyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) in landfill soils by up to 34.6 % and 34.1 % respectively, but inhibited the adsorption of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) by up to 43.6 %. The bioaccessibility of Cl-OPFRs in landfill soils was positively correlated with MPs addition ratio but negatively correlated with the KOW of Cl-OPFRs, soil organic matter and particle size. MPs addition increased the residual concentration of Cl-OPFRs and significantly increased the bioaccessibility of TCEP and TDCPP by up to 33.1 % in landfill soils, resulting in higher carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks. The study presents the first series of the combined behavior and effects of MPs and Cl-OPFRs in landfill soils, and provides a theoretical reference for landfill risk management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Xuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiali Shentu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Li Lu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Non-ferrous Metal Waste Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health (Zhejiang University), Ministry of Education, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee JY, Chia RW, Veerasingam S, Uddin S, Jeon WH, Moon HS, Cha J, Lee J. A comprehensive review of urban microplastic pollution sources, environment and human health impacts, and regulatory efforts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174297. [PMID: 38945237 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution in urban environments is a pervasive and complex problem with significant environmental and human health implications. Although studies have been conducted on MP pollution in urban environments, there are still research gaps in understanding the exact sources, regulation, and impact of urban MP on the environment and public health. Therefore, the goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the complex pathways, harmful effects, and regulatory efforts of urban MP pollution. It discusses the research challenges and suggests future directions for addressing MPs related to environmental issues in urban settings. In this study, original research papers published from 2010 to 2024 across ten database categories, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, were selected and reviewed to improve our understanding of urban MP pollution. The analysis revealed multifaceted sources of MPs, including surface runoff, wastewater discharge, atmospheric deposition, and biological interactions, which contribute to the contamination of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. MPs pose a threat to marine and terrestrial life, freshwater organisms, soil health, plant communities, and human health through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure. Current regulatory measures for MP pollution include improved waste management, upgraded wastewater treatment, stormwater management, product innovation, public awareness campaigns, and community engagement. Despite these regulatory measures, several challenges such as; the absence of standardized MPs testing methods, MPs enter into the environment through a multitude of sources and pathways, countries struggle in balancing trade interests with environmental concerns have hindered effective policy implementation and enforcement. Addressing MP pollution in urban environments is essential for preserving ecosystems, safeguarding public health, and advancing sustainable development. Interdisciplinary collaboration, innovative research, stringent regulations, and public participation are vital for mitigating this critical issue and ensuring a cleaner and healthier future for urban environments and the planet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yong Lee
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rogers Wainkwa Chia
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Earth Resources, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - S Veerasingam
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Saif Uddin
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat 13109, Kuwait
| | - Woo-Hyun Jeon
- Groundwater Environment Research Center, Climate Change Response Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Moon
- Groundwater Environment Research Center, Climate Change Response Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Cha
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Jejung Lee
- School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Richard CMC, Dejoie E, Wiegand C, Gouesbet G, Colinet H, Balzani P, Siaussat D, Renault D. Plastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems: Current knowledge on impacts of micro and nano fragments on invertebrates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135299. [PMID: 39067293 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The increasing accumulation of small plastic particles, in particular microplastics (>1 µm to 5 mm) and nanoplastics (< 1 µm), in the environment is a hot topic in our rapidly changing world. Recently, studies were initiated to better understand the behavior of micro- and nanoplastics (MNP) within complex matrices like soil, as well as their characterization, incorporation and potential toxicity to terrestrial biota. However, there remains significant knowledge gaps in our understanding of the wide-extent impacts of MNP on terrestrial invertebrates. We first summarized facts on global plastic pollution and the generation of MNP. Then, we focused on compiling the existing literature examining the consequences of MNP exposure in terrestrial invertebrates. The diversity of investigated biological endpoints (from molecular to individual levels) were compiled to get a better comprehension of the effects of MNP according to different factors such as the shape, the polymer type, the organism, the concentration and the exposure duration. The sublethal effects of MNP are acknowledged in the literature, yet no general conclusion was drawn as their impacts are highly dependent on their characteristic and experimental design. Finally, the synthesis highlighted some research gaps and remediation strategies, as well as a protocol to standardize ecotoxicological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé M C Richard
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Elsa Dejoie
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie de la MRC Abitibi, Institut de Recherche sur les Forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Amos, Québec J9T 2L8, Canada
| | - Claudia Wiegand
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Gwenola Gouesbet
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Colinet
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Paride Balzani
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 38925 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - David Siaussat
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRAe, IRD, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, iEES-Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen J, Huo L, Yuan Y, Jiang Y, Wang H, Hui K, Li Y, Huang Z, Xi B. Interactions between microplastics and heavy metals in leachate: Implications for landfill stabilization process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135830. [PMID: 39276746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
The emission of microplastics and heavy metals in landfills has attracted widespread attention for its stabilization process. Microplastics have become carriers of heavy metals due to their adsorption properties, affecting their environmental behavior. However, the effects of landfill stabilization on the interaction between microplastics and heavy metals in leachate are ambiguous. This work explored the abundance characteristics of microplastics and heavy metals in leachate from 10 landfills in Beijing. Overall, the average abundance of microplastics was 196.3 items/L, dominated by small particle size (20-50 µm) and film microplastics. The levels of Cr and As were much higher than other heavy metals. The average abundance of microplastics and polymer types tended to decrease as the landfill stabilization proceeded, and the surface composition of microplastics became more complex. Statistical analysis revealed that the correlations between microplastics and heavy metals in the leachate of landfill stabilization presented significant parabolic characteristics, and Cr and As were more susceptible to landfill stabilization with significant positive correlation with a wide range of microplastics such as 20-30 µm. These results were intended to provide a scientific basis for the treatment and disposal of waste leachate and the synergistic prevention and control of new and traditional pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Lin Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Universitaetstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Kunlong Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yanjiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zekai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, and State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu J, Zuo R, Wu G, Liu J, Liu J, Huang C, Wang Z. Global distribution, drivers, and potential hazards of microplastics in groundwater: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176194. [PMID: 39270874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Since microplastics (MPs) were first detected in groundwater, an increasing number of studies have focused on groundwater pollution by MPs. However, knowledge of the global properties of groundwater MPs: distribution, concentration, composition, and morphology remains limited, while potential factors regulating their transport and distribution in groundwater, especially the hydrogeological background and climate warming conditions, have been omitted from most analyses. Furthermore, previous field investigations did not assess the risks posed by groundwater MPs to the environment and to human health, a necessary preliminary to remediation. In this work, to promote future MP pollution studies and remediation policies, we assimilated and synthesized the current knowledge on this topic. We reviewed current data on global groundwater pollution by MPs, analyzed the driving factors of their transport and distribution, and summarized the ecological and health hazards posed by MPs, before discussing current knowledge limits and suggesting perspectives for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guanlan Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jingchao Liu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiawei Liu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenxi Huang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meng J, Xiao G, Qi M, Han X, Gou Q, Hao X, Ge J. Comparing roles of multiple contamination indicators in tracing groundwater pollution nearby a typical municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35601. [PMID: 39220911 PMCID: PMC11363857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Groundwater pollution resulting from leachate leakage at landfill sites has garnered significant attention. Investigating the migration of pollutants from these landfills to adjacent groundwater is crucial for understanding the diffusion patterns and extent of contamination. It is imperative to develop cost-effective yet highly efficient tracer techniques to aid landfill operators in monitoring groundwater contamination stemming from their operations. The primary objective of this research was to compare the roles of conservative tracers sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-), and conventional pollutants permanganate oxidation (CODMn), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in assessing pollution levels from municipal solid waste landfills to groundwater. For this purpose, a typical municipal solid landfill was selected to investigate the origin of Cl-, groundwater quality, and spatiotemporal variations of multiple contaminations. Geochemistry analyses revealed that Na-Cl and Ca-HCO3 were the dominant groundwater type in this study and landfill was the primary source of Cl- in groundwater, with an average contribution of 78 %. Groundwater in proximity to the landfill (5#, 2#, 22#, 23#) exhibited elevated concentrations of Na+ (15.6-914.0 mg/L), Cl- (8.9-1352.0 mg/L), CODMn (0.54-95.9 mg/L), and NH4 +-N (0.33-49.0 mg/L), yet demonstrated reduced levels of Pb (0.2-391.0 μg/L) and Zn (2.0-112.8 μg/L). In contrast, groundwater located at a considerable distance from the landfill (13#, 18#, 15#, 26#) displayed the inverse trend, with relatively low concentration of Na+ (3.2-8.5 mg/L), Cl- (0.1-0.7 mg/L), CODMn (0.28-4.78 mg/L), and NH4 +-N (0.03-0.52 mg/L), but increased levels of Pb (1.2-483.0 μg/L) and Zn (1.6-357.0 μg/L). The primary determinant of groundwater quality near the landfill was NH4 +-N, with the highest pollution index (Pi) of 492.85, whereas Pb was the predominant factor affecting water quality in areas distant from the landfill, with the highest pollution index (Pi) of 10.9. While no discernible seasonal variation was detected for all pollutants, spatial variation can be observed that pollution levels decreased progressively with increasing distance from the landfill, a trend particularly corroborated by the conservative Cl- and Na+ measurements. This research suggests that conservative ions, such as Cl- and Na+, exhibit superior efficacy in tracing the pollution range from municipal solid landfills to groundwater. Therefore, monitoring these conservative ions in groundwater can yield a more precise understanding of the extent of groundwater contamination originated from landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junlun Meng
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Guangli Xiao
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
- College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Minghui Qi
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xi Han
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Qili Gou
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Xinyue Hao
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
| | - Jianhong Ge
- Sichuan Institute of Energetical and Geological Survey, Chengdu, 610072, China
- Key Laboratory of Investigation and Monitoring, Protection and Utilization for Cultivated Land Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, 610045, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li H, Lian Y, Li S, Yang M, Xie Q, Qiu L, Liu H, Long Y, Hu L, Fang C. The stress response of tetracycline resistance genes and bacterial communities under the existence of microplastics in typical leachate biological treatment system. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121865. [PMID: 39018858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is an important source of microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs). Here, in the presence of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) and polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs), the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect and sludge structure performance were affected in an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic system, a typical biological leachate treatment process. The abundance of tetracycline-resistance genes (tet genes) in biofilms on the two types of MP was significantly higher than that in the leachate and sludge, and the load on PE-MPs was higher than that on PS-MPs because of the porous structure of PE-MPs. Aging of the MPs increased their surface roughness and abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups and shaped the profile of ARGs in the MP biofilms. The biofilm biomass and growth rate on the two types of MP increased with the incubation time in the first 30 days, and was affected by environmental factors. Structural equation models and co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that the MPs indirectly affected the spectrum of ARGs by affecting biofilm formation, and, to a lesser extent, had a direct impact on the selective enrichment of ARGs. We discuss the mechanisms of the relationships between MPs and ARGs in the leachate treatment system, which will have guiding significance for future research. Our data on the colonization of microorganisms and tet genes in MPs biofilms provide new evidence concerning the accumulation and transmission of these ARGs, and are important for understanding the mechanisms of MPs in spreading pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Yiting Lian
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Siyi Li
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Mingdi Yang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Qiaona Xie
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Libo Qiu
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Hongyuan Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, Institution of Industrial Carbon Metrology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Chengran Fang
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Biao W, Hashim NA, Rabuni MFB, Lide O, Ullah A. Microplastics in aquatic systems: An in-depth review of current and potential water treatment processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142546. [PMID: 38849101 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Plastic products, despite their undeniable utility in modern life, pose significant environmental challenges, particularly when it comes to recycling. A crucial concern is the pervasive introduction of microplastics (MPs) into aquatic ecosystems, with deleterious effects on marine organisms. This review presents a detailed examination of the methodologies developed for MPs removal in water treatment systems. Initially, investigating the most common types of MPs in wastewater, subsequently presenting methodologies for their precise identification and quantification in aquatic environments. Instruments such as scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and Raman tweezers stand out as powerful tools for studying MPs. The discussion then transitions to the exploration of both existing and emergent techniques for MPs removal in wastewater treatment plants and drinking water treatment plants. This includes a description of the core mechanisms that drive these techniques, with an emphasis on the latest research developments in MPs degradation. Present MPs removal methodologies, ranging from physical separation to chemical and biological adsorption and degradation, offer varied advantages and constraints. Addressing the MPs contamination problem in its entirety remains a significant challenge. In conclusion, the review offers a succinct overview of each technique and forwards recommendations for future research, highlighting the pressing nature of this environmental dilemma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Biao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N Awanis Hashim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Fairus Bin Rabuni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Ong Lide
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aubaid Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choudhury TR, Riad S, Uddin FJ, Maksud MA, Alam MA, Chowdhury AMS, Mubin AN, Islam ARMT, Malafaia G. Microplastics in multi-environmental compartments: Research advances, media, and global management scenarios. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 265:104379. [PMID: 38851130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
During the past decades, microplastics (MPs) have become an emerging concern due to their persistence and potential environmental threat. MP pollution has become so drastic that it has been found in the human food chain, breast milk, polar regions, and even the Himalayan basin, lake, etc. Inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, vascular occlusions, increased coagulability and blood cell cytotoxicity, disruption of immune function, neurotoxicity, and neurodegenerative diseases can all be brought on by severe microplastic exposure. Although many MPs studies have been performed on single environmental compartments, MPs in multi-environmental compartments have yet to be explored fully. This review aims to summarize the muti-environmental media, detection tools, and global management scenarios of MPs. The study revealed that MPs could significantly alter C flow through the soil-plant system, the structure and metabolic status of the microbial community, soil pH value, biomass of plant shoots and roots, chlorophyll, leaf C and N contents, and root N contents. This review reveals that MPs may negatively affect many C-dependent soil functions. Different methods have been developed to detect the MPs from these various environmental sources, including microscopic observation, density separation, Raman, and FT-IR analysis. Several articles have focused on MPs in individual environmental sources with a developed evaluation technique. This review revealed the extensive impacts of MPs on soil-plant systems, microbial communities, and soil functions, especially on water, suggesting possible disturbances to vital ecological processes. Furthermore, the broad range of detection methods explored emphasizes the significance of reliable analytical techniques in precisely evaluating levels of MP contamination in various environmental media. This paper critically discusses MPs' sources, occurrences, and global management scenarios in all possible environmental media and ecological health impacts. Future research opportunities and required sustainable strategies have also been suggested from Bangladesh and international perspectives based on challenges faced due to MP's pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tasrina Rabia Choudhury
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Syed Riad
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Foyez Jalal Uddin
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - M A Maksud
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Center Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - M Abbas Alam
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Bangladesh Accreditation Board, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | | | - Al-Nure Mubin
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam
- Department of Disaster Management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur 5400, Bangladesh; Department of Development Studies, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang Z, Liu G, Zhang Y, Yuan Y, Xi B, Tan W. Assessing the impacts and contamination potentials of landfill leachate on adjacent groundwater systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 930:172664. [PMID: 38653413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Landfilling is a globally prevalent method for managing municipal solid waste disposal. Nonetheless, the potential for serious contamination and the significant regional disparities in the leachate produced pose varying degrees of risks to groundwater quality. Previous studies have focused on a single landfill or the same geo-climatic conditions, with a limited number of samples having resulted in a narrow distribution of landfill age and scale, which prevents the description of the pattern of change in landfill age and scale. As well as the effect of this change on the contaminants in the landfill leachate and surrounding groundwater is still unclear. Therefore, we sampled and analyzed leachate and surrounding groundwater from 62 landfills with different landfill ages, scales, and operating conditions in a region with dense and varied topography and climate. Aim to explore the effects of different landfill ages, scales, and operating conditions on contaminants in leachate and surrounding groundwater. Findings indicate that pollutant profiles in different media are influenced by the age, scale, and operational status of the landfill, and the impact of leachate on pollutant types and concentrations in groundwater is limited. A significant correlation exists between the concentration of contaminants in the groundwater affected by leaching from the impermeable layer and the age and scale of the landfill when compared to the leachate. The contamination potentials posed by different pollutants vary across environmental media. Total dissolved solids and NH4+-N in leachate presented high contamination potentials, whereas elemental metalloids (Mn, Al, Ba, and Fe) in the surrounding groundwater posed high environmental concerns. These insights furnish new avenues for monitoring, identification, and safeguarding against pollutants in landfills and proximate groundwater, which is imperative for the sustainable management of municipal waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Ying Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Beidou Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenbing Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Umeh OR, Ophori DU, Ibo EM, Eke CI, Oyen TP. Groundwater systems under siege: The silent invasion of microplastics and cock-tails worldwide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124305. [PMID: 38830527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) contamination is one of the significant escalating environmental concerns worldwide, and this stems from the increasing production and unlawful disposal of plastic materials. Regretfully, the synthesis of plastic materials is expected to triple in the upcoming years. Nevertheless, MPs pollution in marine, aquatic, and terrestrial settings has received much attention, unlike in groundwater systems. This study exhaustively reviewed varying degrees of recent publications in various search engines and provided a detailed state of current knowledge and research progress vis-à-vis MPs and cock-tail pollution in groundwater systems. Evidently, groundwater sources are severely contaminated as a result of growing anthropogenic activities and vertical movement of MPs and cock-tails from the atmospheric, terrestrial, and aquatic environments, however, fewer researchers have fixated their attention on estimating the occurrence of MPs in groundwater resources, while sufficient information regarding their sources, sampling methods, abundance, transport pathways, fate, modeling techniques, appropriate and adequate data, sorption properties, separation from other environmental media, toxicity, and remedial measures are extensively lacking. In addition, MPs may combine with other toxic emerging contaminants to improve migration and toxicity; however, no research has been conducted to fully understand cock-tail migration mechanisms and impacts in groundwater systems. Over time, groundwater may be regarded as the primary sink for MPs, if effective actions are neglected. Overall, this study detected a lack of concern and innumerable voids in this field; hence, vital and nascent research gaps were identified for immediate, advanced, and interdisciplinary research investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odera R Umeh
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Duke U Ophori
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Eziafakaego M Ibo
- Department of Environmental Management, Pan African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute, Ibadan, Oyo State, 200002, Nigeria.
| | - Chima I Eke
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| | - Toritseju P Oyen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang H, Huang Q, Xu Y, Xiang R, Liu Y. Release potential, neglected leakage and reduction countermeasures of COD and Ammonia in MSWLs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171894. [PMID: 38531441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In order to eliminate the impact of the industrial revolution on the environment and improve the water ecological environment, pollutant discharge reduction is imperative. With the acceleration of global discharge reduction process, the huge pollutant release potential and potential environmental effects of municipal solid waste landfills gradually appear, but its release amount and intensity have not been quantitatively revealed. We propose a coupling method of parameter stochastic simulation and physical process model simulation to estimate the hidden leakage of large-scale regional municipal solid waste landfills, and provide a methodology for estimating the hidden leakage of landfills in other countries and even in the whole world by taking China, which has the largest amount of waste generation among developing countries, as an example. Prior to the implementation of stringent construction quality control and assurance management requirements, the average annual leachate generation potential over the entire life cycle of 2600 landfills in China was estimated to be 4.66 × 108 m3, in which the concentrations of COD and NH3-N are 5.38 × 102-6.48 × 104 mg/L and 6.10-3.50 × 103 mg/L, respectively, and the total amounts are 5.21 × 103-7.81 × 108 t and 8.09 × 102-6.65 × 107 t, respectively. About 14 % of these pollutants may leak into the environmental media through the landfill liner with the average number of holes of 21.5/ha. For different regions, the overall release, discharge and leakage of COD and NH3-N in East China account for 35.70 %, 36.68 % and 29.60 % respectively, making it the region with the highest potential for discharge and risk of leakage. Meanwhile, the implementation of mandatory regulations related to leachate generation and control has led to a significant reduction in the leakage of pollutants. For instance, comprehensively detecting and repair of holes in the impermeable liner has reduced the number of holes to 2/ha, resulting in a reduction of >90 % in the leakage of pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Institute of Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Institute of Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Institute of Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Waste Recycling and Regulation, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Rui Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Institute of Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Research Institute of Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang L, Zhao W, Yan R, Yu X, Barceló D, Sui Q. Microplastics in different municipal solid waste treatment and disposal systems: Do they pose environmental risks? WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121443. [PMID: 38492313 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is a significant worldwide environmental and health challenge. Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be an important source of MPs in the environment if treated and disposed of inappropriately, causing potential ecological risks. MSW treatment and disposal methods have been gradually shifting from landfilling/dumping to more sustainable approaches, such as incineration or composting. However, previous studies on MP characteristics in different MSW treatment and disposal systems have mainly focused either on landfills/dumpsites or composts. The lack of knowledge of multiple MSW treatment and disposal systems makes it difficult to ensure effective MP pollution control during MSW treatment and disposal. Therefore, this study systematically summarizes the occurrence of MPs in different MSW treatment and disposal systems (landfill/dumpsite, compost, and incineration) on the Eurasian scale, and discusses the factors that influence MPs in individual MSW treatment and disposal systems. In addition, the paper assesses the occurrence of MPs in the surrounding environment of MSW treatment and disposal systems and their ecological risks using the species sensitivity distribution approach. The study also highlights recommendations for future research, to more comprehensively describe the occurrence and fate of MPs during MSW treatment and disposal processes, and to develop appropriate pollution control measures to minimize MP pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Wentao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ruiqi Yan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xia Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Qian Sui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar M, Bhujbal SK, Kohli K, Prajapati R, Sharma BK, Sawarkar AD, Abhishek K, Bolan S, Ghosh P, Kirkham MB, Padhye LP, Pandey A, Vithanage M, Bolan N. A review on value-addition to plastic waste towards achieving a circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171106. [PMID: 38387564 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Plastic and mixed plastic waste (PW) has received increased worldwide attention owing to its huge rate of production, high persistency in the environment, and unsustainable waste management practices. Therefore, sustainable PW management and upcycling approaches are imperative to achieve the objectives of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Numerous recent studies have shown the application and feasibility of various PW conversion techniques to produce materials with better economic value. Within this framework, the current review provides an in-depth analysis of cutting-edge thermochemical technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, carbonization, and photocatalysis that can be used to value plastic and mixed PW in order to produce energy and industrial chemicals. Additionally, a thorough examination of the environmental impacts of contemporary PW upcycling techniques and their commercial feasibility through life cycle assessment (LCA) and techno-economical assessment are provided in this review. Finally, this review emphasizes the opportunities and challenges accompanying with existing PW upcycling techniques and deliver recommendations for future research works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India.
| | - Sachin Krushna Bhujbal
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Kirtika Kohli
- Distillate and Heavy Oil Processing Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun 248005, India
| | - Ravindra Prajapati
- Prairie Research Institute-Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Brajendra K Sharma
- Prairie Research Institute-Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Eastern Regional Research Center Sustainable Biofuels and Co-Products Research Unit, 600 E. Mermaid Ln., Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA
| | - Ankush D Sawarkar
- Department of Information Technology, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology (SGGSIET), Nanded, Maharashtra 431 606, India
| | - Kumar Abhishek
- Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of Bihar, Patna, India
| | - Shiv Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India; Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee Dae Ro 26, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248 007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226029, India
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nohara NML, Ariza-Tarazona MC, Triboni ER, Nohara EL, Villarreal-Chiu JF, Cedillo-González EI. Are you drowned in microplastic pollution? A brief insight on the current knowledge for early career researchers developing novel remediation strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170382. [PMID: 38307272 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) composed of different polymers with various shapes, within a vast granulometric distribution (1 μm - 5 mm) and with a wide variety of physicochemical surface and bulk characteristics spiral around the globe, with different atmospheric, oceanic, cryospheric, and terrestrial residence times, while interacting with other pollutants and biota. The challenges of microplastic pollution are related to the complex relationships between the microplastic generation mechanisms (physical, chemical, and biological), their physicochemical properties, their interactions with other pollutants and microorganisms, the changes in their properties with aging, and their small sizes that facilitate their diffusion and transportation between the air, water, land, and biota, thereby promoting their ubiquity. Early career researchers (ERCs) constitute an essential part of the scientific community committed to overcoming the challenges of microplastic pollution with their new ideas and innovative scientific perspectives for the development of remediation technologies. However, because of the enormous amount of scientific information available, it may be difficult for ERCs to determine the complexity of this environmental issue. This mini-review aims to provide a quick and updated overview of the essential insights of microplastic pollution to ERCs to help them acquire the background needed to develop highly innovative physical, chemical, and biological remediation technologies, as well as valorization proposals and environmental education and awareness campaigns. Moreover, the recommendations for the development of holistic microplastic pollution remediation strategies presented here can help ERCs propose technologies considering the environmental, social, and practical dimensions of microplastic pollution while fulfilling the current government policies to manage this plastic waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoly Milhardo Lourenço Nohara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, no number, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Maria Camila Ariza-Tarazona
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Eduardo Rezende Triboni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering of Lorena, University of São Paulo, Estrada Municipal do Campinho, no number, Lorena, Brazil
| | - Evandro Luís Nohara
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Taubaté, R. Daniel Daneli, no number, Taubaté, Brazil
| | - Juan Francisco Villarreal-Chiu
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Nuevo León, Mexico; Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología (CIByN), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca 66628, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Erika Iveth Cedillo-González
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Vivarelli 10/1, Modena 41125, Italy; National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), Via Giusti, Florence 50121, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sun H, Hu J, Wu Y, Gong H, Zhu N, Yuan H. Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills: A neglected source of microplastics in the environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133144. [PMID: 38056251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade or so, microplastics (MPs) have received increasing attention due to their ubiquity and potential risk to the environment. Waste plastics usually end up in landfills. These plastics in landfills undergo physical compression, chemical oxidation, and biological decomposition, breaking down into MPs. As a result, landfill leachate stores large amounts of MPs, which can negatively impact the surrounding soil and water environment. However, not enough attention has been given to the occurrence and removal of MPs in landfill leachate. This lack of knowledge has led to landfills being an underestimated source of microplastics. In order to fill this knowledge gap, this paper collects relevant literature on MPs in landfill leachate from domestic and international sources, systematically summarizes their presence within Asia and Europe, assesses the impacts of landfill leachate on MPs in the adjacent environment, and particularly discusses the possible ecotoxicological effects of MPs in leachate. We found high levels of MPs in the soil and water around informal landfills, and the MPs themselves and the toxic substances they carry can have toxic effects on organisms. In addition, this paper summarizes the potential impact of MPs on the biochemical treatment stage of leachate, finds that the effects of MPs on the biochemical treatment stage and membrane filtration are more significant, and proposes some novel processes for MPs removal from leachate. This analysis contributes to the removal of MPs from leachate. This study is the first comprehensive review of the occurrence, environmental impact, and removal of MPs in leachate from landfills in Asia and Europe. It offers a comprehensive theoretical reference for the field, providing invaluable insights.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinwen Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Huabo Gong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haiping Yuan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pratiwi OA, Achmadi UF, Kurniawan R. Microplastic pollution in landfill soil: Emerging threats the environmental and public health. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2024; 39:e2024009-0. [PMID: 38631401 PMCID: PMC11079410 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2024009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Insufficient knowledge about the decomposition of microplastics from plastic waste in landfills hinders community involvement in waste management and sorting, posing a new threat to the environment and public health. The present study identifies, characterizes, and quantifies the microplastics in landfills soil sample to determine the latest threats posed by microplastics in the environment, particularly in landfills that are close to residential areas. This research is a descriptive study, with soil samples taken from six points in landfill site in Depok City. The abundance and shape of microplastics were characterized using a microscope, while the microplastic types were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in the Depok City landfill soil was 60,111.67 particles/kg, with the largest percentage being fragments at 63 %. FTIR functional group characterization showed the presence of plastic types, such as Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), and Polyamide. The differences in waste types entering the Depok Landfill caused variations in the number, shape, and type of microplastic samples, and this study provides a foundation for mitigating and biodegrading microplastics in the landfill to minimize environmental impact and protect public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Okky Assetya Pratiwi
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Umar Fahmi Achmadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| | - Rico Kurniawan
- Department of Biostatistic and Population Studies, Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li X, Guo S, Shen D, Shentu J, Lv L, Qi S, Zhu M, Long Y. Microplastic release and sulfate reduction response in the early stage of a simulated landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 175:22-29. [PMID: 38150952 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Landfills are essential facilities for treating and disposing municipal solid waste. They emit sulfur-containing odors and serve as an important sink for a new type of pollutant called microplastics (MPs). This study focused on the initial stage of anaerobic degradation to establish the relationship between the release of MPs and odor generation. Our findings show the rapid release of MPs into the leachate in the early stage of landfill and their predominant accumulation in the leachate sediment. The circulating leachate contained 1.45 times higher concentrations of MPs than the noncirculating leachate, with a peak concentration of 39 items·L-1. In addition, fragmentation of MPs occurred. The percentage of MPs with particle sizes of 2.5-5 mm decreased from 66.70 % to 22.32 %, while those measuring 0.1-0.5 mm increased by 33.12 %. A positive correlation was observed between MP release and sulfate reduction. Although leachate circulation increased the release of MPs, it also reduced the overall release time and total amount of MPs exported from the landfill. Compared with the initial landfill waste, the leachate operation mode, regardless of circulation, resulted in a 6.15-8.93-fold increase in MP release. These findings provide a valuable foundation for the simultaneous regulation of traditional pollutant odor and new pollutants (MPs) in landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shuli Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiali Shentu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Li Lv
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shengqi Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Qin ZH, Siddiqui MA, Xin X, Mou JH, Varjani S, Chen G, Lin CSK. Identification of microplastics in raw and treated municipal solid waste landfill leachates in Hong Kong, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141208. [PMID: 38219986 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are indispensable in modern society but also pose a persistent threat to the environment. In particular, microplastics (MPs) have a substantial environmental impact on ecosystems. Municipal solid waste landfill leachates are a source of MPs, but leakage of MPs from leachates has only been reported in a few studies. As a modern city, Hong Kong has a remarkably high population density and a massive plastic waste generation. However, it depends on conventional landfilling for plastic waste management and traditional thermal ammonia stripping for leachate treatment. Yet, the MP leakage from landfill leachates in Hong Kong has not been disclosed. This is the first study that aimed to identify, quantify, and characterise MPs in raw and treated leachates, respectively, from major landfill sites in Hong Kong. The concentrations of MPs varied from 49.0 ± 24.3 to 507.6 ± 37.3 items/L among the raw leachate samples, and a potential correlation was found between the concentration of MPs in the raw leachate sample from a given landfill site and the annual leachate generation of the site. Most MPs were 100-500 μm fragments or filaments and were transparent or yellow. Regarding the polymeric materials among the identified MPs, poly(ethylene terephthalate) and polyethylene were the most abundant types, comprising 45.30% and 21.37% of MPs, respectively. Interestingly, leachates treated by ammonia stripping contained higher concentrations of MPs than raw leachate samples, which demonstrated that the traditional treatment process may not be sufficient regarding the removal of emerging pollutants, such as MPs. Overall, our findings provide a more comprehensive picture of the pollution of MPs in landfill leachates in Hong Kong and highlight the urgent need for adopting the consideration of MPs into the conventional mindset of waste management systems in Hong Kong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Hao Qin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Muhammad Ahmar Siddiqui
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiayin Xin
- Beaty Water Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Union Street, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3Z6, Canada
| | - Jin-Hua Mou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sunita Varjani
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Technology Center, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi W, Wu N, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Chen J, Li J. A global review on the abundance and threats of microplastics in soils to terrestrial ecosystem and human health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169469. [PMID: 38154650 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Soil is the source and sink of microplastics (MPs), which is more polluted than water and air. In this paper, the pollution levels of MPs in the agriculture, roadside, urban and landfill soils were reviewed, and the influence of MPs on soil ecosystem, including soil properties, microorganisms, animals and plants, was discussed. According to the results of in vivo and in vitro experiments, the possible risks of MPs to soil ecosystem and human health were predicted. Finally, in light of the current status of MPs research, several prospects are provided for future research directions to better evaluate the ecological risk and human health risk of MPs. MPs concentrations in global agricultural soils, roadside soils, urban soils and landfill soils had a great variance in different studies and locations. The participation of MPs has an impact on all aspects of terrestrial ecosystems. For soil properties, pH value, bulk density, pore space and evapotranspiration can be changed by MPs. For microorganisms, MPs can alter the diversity and abundance of microbiome, and different MPs have different effects on bacteria and fungi differently. For plants, MPs may interfere with their biochemical and physiological conditions and produce a wide range of toxic effects, such as inhibiting plant growth, delaying or reducing seed germination, reducing biological and fruit yield, and interfering with photosynthesis. For soil animals, MPs can affect their mobility, growth rate and reproductive capacity. At present epidemiological evidences regarding MPs exposure and negative human health effects are unavailable, but in vitro and in vivo data suggest that they pose various threats to human health, including respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, endocrine system, nervous system, and circulation system. In conclusion, the existence and danger of MPs cannot be ignored and requires a global effort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Shi
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Nan Wu
- School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Zengli Zhang
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiafu Li
- School of Public Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gunarathne V, Phillips AJ, Zanoletti A, Rajapaksha AU, Vithanage M, Di Maria F, Pivato A, Korzeniewska E, Bontempi E. Environmental pitfalls and associated human health risks and ecological impacts from landfill leachate contaminants: Current evidence, recommended interventions and future directions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169026. [PMID: 38056656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The improper management of solid waste, particularly the dumping of untreated municipal solid waste, poses a growing global challenge in both developed and developing nations. The generation of leachate is one of the significant issues that arise from this practice, and it can have harmful impacts on both the environment and public health. This paper presents an overview of the primary waste types that generate landfill leachate and their characteristics. This includes examining the distribution of waste types in landfills globally and how they have changed over time, which can provide valuable insights into potential pollutants in a given area and their trends. With a lack of specific regulations and growing concerns regarding environmental and health impacts, the paper also focuses on emerging contaminants. Furthermore, the environmental and ecological impacts of leachate, along with associated health risks, are analyzed. The potential applications of landfill leachate, suggested interventions and future directions are also discussed in the manuscript. Finally, this work addresses future research directions in landfill leachate studies, with attention, for the first time to the potentialities that artificial intelligence can offer for landfill leachate management, studies, and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viraj Gunarathne
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka; University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Ankur J Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Alessandra Zanoletti
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, CO 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Francesco Di Maria
- LAR5 Laboratory, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, University of Perugia, via G. Duranti 93, 06125 Perugia, Italy
| | - Alberto Pivato
- DICEA - Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Ewa Korzeniewska
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang T, Li B, Shi H, Ding Y, Chen H, Yuan F, Liu R, Zou X. The processes and transport fluxes of land-based macroplastics and microplastics entering the ocean via rivers. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133623. [PMID: 38301445 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Approximately 80% of marine plastic waste originates from land-based sources and enters oceans through rivers. Hence, to create effective regulations, it is crucial to thoroughly examine the processes by which land-based plastic waste flows into marine environments. To this end, this review covers the complete journey of macro- and microplastics from their initial input into rivers to their ultimate release into oceans. Here, we also discuss the primary influencing factors and current popular research topics. Additionally, the principles, applicability, accuracy, uncertainty, and potential improvement of the standard methods used for flux estimation at each stage are outlined. Emission estimates of land-based macro- and microplastics are typically assessed using the emission factor approach, coefficient accounting approach, or material flow analysis. Accurately estimating mismanaged plastic waste is crucial for reducing uncertainty in the macroplastic emission inventory. In our review of the processes by which land-originating plastics enter rivers, we categorized them into two major types: point-source and diffuse-source pollution. Land surface hydrological models simulate transport from diffuse sources to rivers, necessitating further research. Riverine (micro)plastic flux to the ocean is often estimated using monitoring statistics and watershed hydrological models at the watershed scale; however, standardized monitoring methods have not yet been established. At the global scale, algorithms based on river datasets are often used, which require further improvements in river data selection and microplastic number-mass conversion factors. Furthermore, the article summarizes the accuracy and sources of uncertainty of various methods. Future research efforts should focus on quantifying and mitigating uncertainties in resultant projections. Overall, this review deepens our understanding of the processes by which land-based plastic waste enters the ocean and helps scholars efficiently select or improve relevant methods when studying land-ocean transport fluxes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization & Nanjing Outskirts Sea-Atmosphere Interface Field Scientific Observation Research Station & College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Baojie Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yongcheng Ding
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Rongze Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization & Nanjing Outskirts Sea-Atmosphere Interface Field Scientific Observation Research Station & College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Xinqing Zou
- School of Geography and Ocean Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Guo S, Wu Z, Li X, Shen D, Shentu J, Lu L, Qi S, Zhu M, Long Y. Microplastic, a possible trigger of landfill sulfate reduction process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167662. [PMID: 37820800 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of microplastics (MPs) formed from landfill has not been gained enough attention. This research investigated the characteristics of the MPs occurrence in landfills through field sampling. It shows that the MPs abundance in the landfill surface soil and non-landfill areas can reach 3573 items·g-1 and 3041 items·g-1, respectively. The vertical abundance of MPs increases significantly with depth, ranging from 387 to 11,599 items·g-1 with small size (≤10 μm, 65.61 %) and flake or wedge shape (38.48 %). The leachate movement in a longitudinal direction enables MPs to accumulate more easily in the landfill bottom layer with high moisture abundance. The abundance of MPs are significantly correlated with SO42- and S2- content, the two typical metabolic substrate and product of sulfate reduction process. In such heterogeneous environment, this significant correlation is not a random phenomenon in terms of the MPs have known substantial impact on biogeochemical processes. Microplastic is a possible trigger of landfill odor emission related with sulfate reduction. This research could serve as a reference for MPs and odor pollution management in landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zixiao Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xianghang Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiali Shentu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Li Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Shengqi Qi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu J, Zuo R, Shang J, Wu G, Dong Y, Zheng S, Xu Z, Liu J, Xu Y, Wu Z, Huang C. Nano- and micro-plastic transport in soil and groundwater environments: Sources, behaviors, theories, and models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166641. [PMID: 37647954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing use of plastics, nano- and micro-plastic (NMP) pollution has become a hot topic in the scientific community. Ubiquitous NMPs, as emerging contaminants, are becoming a global issue owing to their persistence and potential toxicity. Compared with studies of marine and freshwater environments, investigations into the sources, transport properties, and fate of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments remain at a primary stage. Hence, the promotion of such research is critically important. Here, we integrate existing information and recent advancements to compile a comprehensive evaluation of the sources and transport properties of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments. We first provide a systematic description of the various sources and transport behaviors of NMPs. We then discuss the theories (e.g., clean-bed filtration and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theories) and models (e.g., single-site and dual-site kinetic retention and transport models) of NMP transport through saturated porous media. Finally, we outline the potential limitations of current research and suggest directions for future research. Overall, this review intends to assimilate and outline current knowledge and provide a useful reference frame to determine the sources and transport properties of NMPs in soil and groundwater environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Rui Zuo
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jinhua Shang
- Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Guanlan Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanan Dong
- Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shida Zheng
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zuorong Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jingchao Liu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunxiang Xu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ziyi Wu
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenxi Huang
- College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gong X, Tian L, Wang P, Wang Z, Zeng L, Hu J. Microplastic pollution in the groundwater under a bedrock island in the South China sea. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117277. [PMID: 37778600 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Groundwater is the only freshwater resource on islands. Research on microplastic pollution in groundwater on islands is scarce. This study is the first to explore microplastic pollution in the groundwater under a bedrock island (Dawanshan Island) located in the South China Sea. The influence of hydrogeological factors on the distribution, source, and ageing features of microplastics in the groundwater were investigated. Despite the small scale of industrial and agricultural activities on the island, the amount of microplastics in the groundwater ranged from 34 to 64 particles/L, with over 80% of the microplastics being polyester fibres with diameters smaller than 2 mm, which is comparable to those in coastal cities. These microplastics were originated from inland plastic usage, rather than from the surrounding sea, which was confirmed by the lack of seawater intrusion on the island. Owing to the low permeability of granite, microplastics were mainly distributed in the water of the loose layer of porous sediment, and their quantity decreased with depth. In addition, the abundance of microplastics in pore groundwater increased with an increase in the velocity of groundwater flow. The severity of microplastic pollution in the groundwater increased with an increase and decrease in the content of total dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen, respectively. The microplastics originated from plastic waste disposed of on the island, rather than from seawater intrusion. Also, through groundwater infiltration into exposed soil at recharge areas, artificial wells at residential areas, and water exchange with surface water at valley areas. Microplastics buried in the groundwater aged faster along the migration path of the groundwater. These microplastics threaten the safety of people and plants on the island through exposure resulting from the extraction of groundwater for irrigation, while they endanger marine life through submarine groundwater discharge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gong
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Lingning Tian
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China.
| | - Zhongzhong Wang
- Guangdong Geological Survey Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510030, China
| | - Lvdan Zeng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 511400, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li B, Li T, Wu P, Yang L, Long J, Liu P, Li T. Transport of pollutants in groundwater of domestic waste landfills in karst regions and its engineering control technologies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119245. [PMID: 37826957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Domestic waste produces leachate with a high concentration of pollutants in the landfill process due to biochemical degradation stages like compaction and fermentation. A large number of cases show that anti-seepage membranes widely used in refuse landfills tend to rupture under long-term tension and corrosion, causing leachate to enter the groundwater system and pollute the environment. To reveal the phenomenon of groundwater contamination in refuse landfills, typical domestic waste landfills in karst regions were examined, on the basis of a summary of hydrogeological conditions and hydrochemical characteristics, a three-dimensional groundwater flow model and solute transport model were constructed to analyze the pattern of pollutant diffusion, and its controlling factors, under the current conditions and massive rupture of anti-seepage membrane. The results show that with a minor rupture of the anti-seepage membrane, the area of the low pollution region increases first and then decreases while that of the slight pollution region continuously increases; When a massive rupture of the anti-seepage membrane appears, the ranges of heavy pollution region and total pollution regions continue to grow; Pollutant migrates along the same direction as the groundwater flow and diffuse from high concentration region to low concentration regions under the differential concentration effect. Based on the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of groundwater pollutants, two engineering control schemes, namely, curtain grouting blocking and group well pumping, were established. A comparison of the two control schemes shows that group well pumping stably maintains water quality safety over the long term, pollutants overflow from both sides of the curtain after they have accumulated to a certain point of concentration, causing damage to the groundwater environment in the conservation area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Teng Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Earth Science and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jie Long
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Pu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Mines and Civil Engineering, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui, 553004, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xie Y, Wang H, Chen Y, Guo Y, Wang C, Cui H, Xue J. Water retention and hydraulic properties of a natural soil subjected to microplastic contaminations and leachate exposures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166502. [PMID: 37619730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The influences of microplastics (MPs) contamination on soils have been extensively studied recently. Most of previous studies focus on saturated hydraulic conductivities and water retention of loose soils under laboratory conditions. The effects of MPs on the hydraulic properties of compacted soils for engineering purposes have not been well understood. This paper presents the laboratory investigation of water retention capacity, saturated (ksat) and unsaturated (kθ) hydraulic conductivities of a compacted natural soil contaminated by MPs and exposed to fresh, medium-aged, and stabilized leachates. The saturated (kg) and unsaturated air conductivities (kgθ) are calculated. The MPs with maximum particle sizes of 500, 150 and 50 μm were added to soils to obtain samples with mass ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 %, respectively. Under similar ranges of dry densities, permeation of fresh leachates decreases ksat of the compacted soils by 30 % while exposure to stabilized leachates increases ksat by 10 %, due to the viscosities of liquids. The flow channel properties of the compacted soils contaminated with different sizes and concentrations of MPs vary. The most complex flow channel can be found in samples with 5 % 50 μm MPs. The inclusions of MPs decrease residual moisture contents of the compacted soils regardless of MP sizes and percentages. The effects of MPs on air-entry pressures and parameter n depend on the sizes of MPs. The kθ (kgθ) of compacted soils with MPs depend on the combined effects of ksat (kg) and tortuosity parameter (l). Though l ranges from -0.85 to 2.12 with different levels of MP exposures, it does not have a significant influence on the relative hydraulic (kθ/ksat) and air conductivities (kgθ/kg) of the compacted soils. Future studies can focus on the long-term hydraulic properties of soils under MP contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuekai Xie
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia
| | - Hongxu Wang
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia
| | - Yue Chen
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia
| | - Yingying Guo
- Civil Branch, Infrastructure Delivery Partner, Major Projects Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2606, Australia
| | - Chenman Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanwen Cui
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia; Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads, South Coast Region, Nerang, QLD 4211, Australia
| | - Jianfeng Xue
- School of Engineering and Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, ACT 2612, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jeong E, Kim YI, Lee JY, Raza M. Microplastic contamination in groundwater of rural area, eastern part of Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165006. [PMID: 37385487 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants in agricultural regions owing to the widespread use of plastics in farming activities. Groundwater has a vital role in farming activities, and it can be contaminated by MPs, fragmented from plastic products used in agricultural activities. Following an appropriate sampling protocol, this study investigated the distribution of MPs in shallow to deep aquifers (well depths: 3-120 m) and cave water of an agricultural region in Korea. Our investigation found that MPs contamination can penetrate up to the deep bedrock aquifer. The abundance of MPs was lower during the wet season (0.014-0.554 particles/L) than during the dry season (0.042-1.026 particles/L), which may be attributed to the dilution effect of precipitation in the groundwater. The abundance of MPs increased as the MPs size decreased at all sampling points, and size ranges were 20.3-869.6 and 20.3-673.0 μm in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Our findings showed lower MPs abundance compared to previous studies, and we inferred that it might be due to differences in groundwater sampling volume, low agricultural intensity, and the non-application of sludge fertilizers. Our findings suggest that repeated and long-term investigations are needed to identify better the factors that influence the results of MPs distribution in groundwater, including sampling methods and hydrogeological and hydrological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Jeong
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Kim
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Maimoona Raza
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Goli VSNS, Singh DN. Effect of ultrasonication conditions on polyethylene microplastics sourced from landfills: A precursor study to establish guidelines for their extraction from environmental matrices. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132230. [PMID: 37562353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Establishing concentration of microplastics (MPs), designated as CMP, in aqueous, semi-solid and solid samples originating from unscientifically created landfills/dumpsites (UCLDs) and engineered landfills (ELFs) is of utmost importance to assess their impact on the geoenvironment. However, the accuracy of CMP will be guided by the extraction efficiency of MPs from these samples. The extraction of MPs from semi-solid and solid samples of UCLDs/ELFs would be cumbersome, mainly due to their trapping in solid aggregates (including organic matter). Such aggregates need to be dispersed to release the MPs, which can be achieved through the assistance of ultrasonication (US) in the presence of an appropriate dispersing agent. However, mere dispersion of solid aggregates during the US might not result in the complete release of MPs adhered (AMPs) to MPs native (NMPs) to these samples. This is because MPs would adhere to the surface of the adjacent ones due to various physical-mechanical-thermal-chemical processes that prevail in landfills. Hence, guidelines for US-assisted extraction of MPs should be developed by considering an approach that would ensure (i) cleaning of NMPs' surface and (ii) release of AMPs without damaging the former. This necessitates understanding the influence of US parameters such as energy applied (Eus), time (tus) and direct/indirect exposure of NMPs from landfills that would control CMP. In this context, the influence of above mentioned US parameters on the (i) surface cleaning of polyethylene NMPs and (ii) release of AMPs and their concentrations (CAMP) was investigated. It was observed that Eus equal to 500 kJ/L during the indirect method of US would result in surface cleaning of NMPs and complete release of AMPs without damaging the farmer's structure. The present work acts as a precursor study to establish the guidelines for the US-assisted extraction of MPs in environmental samples. Also, a generalized relationship between Eus and CAMP, which can be employed to study the impact of landfill type on the release of MPs during the US was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Devendra Narain Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lou F, Wang J, Sima J, Lei J, Huang Q. Mass concentration and distribution characteristics of microplastics in landfill mineralized refuse using efficient quantitative detection based on Py-GC/MS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132098. [PMID: 37490799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling is the most traditional disposal method of domestic waste. Plastic waste in landfill sites could degrade to microplastics (MPs) and diffuse to the surrounding environment with leachate. However, MPs pollution in landfill mineralized refuse has not been well recognized. In the present research, a detection method for mixed MPs of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) based on Py-GC/MS was established and verified. The method is suitable for the rapid quantitative detection of large-batch of complex solid matrix samples, with an average deviation of less than 10%. Based on the method, samples from a landfill site in South China were studied, where PE was found to be the main component. The total concentration of MPs in mineralized refuse was 7.62 kg/t in the old area and 5.49 kg/t in the young area. Further analysis showed that the content of MPs was correlated with that of plastic waste and the landfill age, indicating that a considerable proportion was secondary MPs. The reserves of MPs in landfill sites may have reached an alarming number. In the absence of adequate safeguards, quantities of MPs may spread from the landfill sites, resulting in serious pollution of the surrounding soil and groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314011, China.
| | - Jingyuan Sima
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qunxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Rafiq A, Xu JL. Microplastics in waste management systems: A review of analytical methods, challenges and prospects. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:54-70. [PMID: 37647726 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported the presence of microplastics (MPs) in waste collection and disposal systems. However, current scientific studies on measuring MP occurrence in a waste management context are not comparable due to a lack of standardized methodologies. Consequently, the impact of MPs on ecosystems and human health remains largely unclear. To address the inconsistencies, present in published studies, this review thoroughly examines sample preparation techniques for transfer stations, landfill leachate, recycling, compost, and incineration ash samples. Furthermore, various analytical approaches such as flotation, filtration, and organic matter digestion, as well as morphological categorization, identification, and quantification, are subsequently rigorously assessed. The benefits and limitations of each methodology are evaluated to facilitate the development of accurate and effective methods for detecting and characterizing nanoplastics. Recent research suggests that plastic recycling and composting facilities are the primary environmental sources of microplastic pollution among different waste treatment methods. The most prevalent microplastic types discovered in waste management were polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), with fragment and fiber being the most frequently reported morphologies. The review highlights a number of tactics that could be integrated into the methodology development for detecting microplastics in waste management systems (WMS), ultimately leading to better consistency and reliability of data across different studies. In essence, this will advance our comprehension of potential risks associated with microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Rafiq
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand
| | - Jun-Li Xu
- School of Biosystems and Food Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chen X, Wan Y, Jia J, Qiang X, Wu C. Transport of micron-sized polyethylene particles in confined aquifer: Effects of size, aging, and confining pressure. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18464. [PMID: 37534011 PMCID: PMC10391942 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of groundwater by microplastics (MPs) is increasingly reported and attracts a growing attention due to their potential risks. To understand how MPs migrate into groundwater, many previous works have investigated their transport using man-made microspheres of few microns or smaller as models. However, MPs observed in the environment are more diverse in size, shape, and type, which may have different migration behaviors. In this work, the transports of irregularly shaped polyethylene (PE) particles in the sand packed column were studied. Small MPs (22-37 μm) generally have high mobility than large MPs (44-74 μm) but can also be affected by aging. Aging decreased the hydrophobicity of the MPs and increased their surface negative charge, which can facilitate the transport of MPs. However, the physical barrier of space in the porous media might have a greater influence on their transport. The retention of the MPs was enhanced with the increase of pressure due to compression that decreased pore size. Results from this study showed that MPs of environmental features can also be transported in the groundwater but the processes could be governed by different factors, such as physical interception and steric hindrance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xue Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Chenxi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liang Y, Yin Q, Jiang Z, Yan H, Nian Y. Pollution characteristics and microbial community succession of a rural informal landfill in an arid climate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115295. [PMID: 37531925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Informal landfills pose potential threats to the environment and human health due to the lack of anti-seepage measures. However, little research has been conducted on the distribution of pollutants in informal landfill sites situated in arid climates, as well as the underlying interaction mechanisms between environmental factors and microbial structure. In this study, we sought to investigate the pollution characteristics and microbial community succession of the landfill in northern China. The results revealed that heavy metals in the landfill showed poor mobility and migration. The lower layers of the garbage samples had higher water-soluble contents of heavy metals compared to the upper layers. The landfill-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) was found to originate from microbial production, and four fluorescent components were identified, including fulvic acid-like substances, humus-like substances, and protein-like components. Fluorescence intensity and humification degree increased with increasing depth. The microbial diversity and richness decreased with sampling depth. The most abundant phyla in the samples were Proteobacteria, unidentified_Bacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Myxococcota, Gemmatimonadota, Actinobacteria, and Deinococcota. As the sampling depth increased, Proteobacteria decreased, while Bacteroidota and Firmicutes showed a remarkable increase, with little variation observed in the other phyla. The partial least-squares path model (PLS-PM) results indicated that pH had the most significant effect on microbial abundance and diversity (direct effect value = -5.560), while DOM and heavy metals had the opposite effect, with direct effects of 1.838 and 3.231, respectively. DOM was identified as the driving factor for the variation in other environmental factors. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the dominant genera were greatly influenced by Cu, humic-like substances, and protein-like substances. Among them, Bacillus, Alcanivorax, Devosia, and Chryseolinea may play important roles in the remediation of landfills. Our study not only gains a deeper understanding of the pollution risk of informal landfills in arid climates, but also provides a scientific basis for the future treatment and restoration of contaminated sites associated with landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Qin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Zijiang Jiang
- China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Haihong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Yuegang Nian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kang P, Zhao Y, Zuo C, Cai Y, Shen C, Ji B, Wei T. The unheeded inherent connections and overlap between microplastics and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 878:163028. [PMID: 36963676 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are receiving global attention due to their widespread presences and considerable level in the environment. Although the occurrence and fate of MPs and PFASs alone have been extensively studied, little was known about their unheeded connection and overlap between the two. Therefore, this review attempts to reveal it for the purpose of providing a new view from joint consideration of the two in the future studies. Initially, the critically examined data on the co-sources and existence of MPs and PFASs are summarized. Surprisingly, some products could be co-source of MPs and PFASs which are general in daily life while the distribution of the two is primary influenced by the human activity. Then, their interactions are reviewed based on the fact that PFASs can be sorbed onto MPs which are regarded as a vector of contaminations. The electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic contact are the predominant sorption mechanisms and could be influenced by environmental factors and properties of MPs and PFASs. The effects of MPs on the transport of PFASs in the environments, especially in aquatic environments are then discussed. Additionally, the current state of knowledge on the combined toxicity of MPs and PFASs are presented. Finally, the existing problems and future perspectives are outlined at the end of the review. This review provides an advanced understanding of the overlap, interaction and toxic effects of MPs and PFASs co-existing in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China.
| | - Chenxin Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Yamei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China
| | - Cheng Shen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Recycling and Ecological Treatment of Waste Biomass, School of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, PR China
| | - Bin Ji
- School of Civil Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, PR China
| | - Ting Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, School of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, PR China; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh S, Malyan SK, Maithani C, Kashyap S, Tyagi VK, Singh R, Malhotra S, Sharma M, Kumar A, Panday BK, Pandey RP. Microplastics in landfill leachate: Occurrence, health concerns, and removal strategies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118220. [PMID: 37290308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Landfills are commonly used to manage solid waste, but they can contribute to microplastic (MPs) pollution. As plastic waste degrades in landfills, MPs are released into the surrounding environment, contaminating soil, groundwater, and surface water. This poses a threat to human health and the environment, as MPs can adsorb toxic substances. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the degradation process of macroplastics into microplastics, the types of MPs found in landfill leachate (LL), and the potential toxicity of microplastic pollution. The study also evaluates various physical-chemical and biological treatment methods for removing MPs from wastewater. The concentration of MPs in young landfills is higher than in old landfills, and specific polymers such as polypropylene, polystyrene, nylon, and polycarbonate contribute significantly to microplastic contamination. Primary treatments such as chemical precipitation and electrocoagulation can remove up to 60-99% of total MPs from wastewater, while tertiary treatments such as sand filtration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis can remove up to 90-99%. Advanced techniques, such as a combination of membrane bioreactor, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration (MBR + UF + NF), can achieve even higher removal rates. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of microplastic pollution and the need for effective microplastic removal from LL to protect human and environmental health. However, more research is needed to determine the actual cost and feasibility of these treatment processes at a larger scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Singh
- Environmnetal Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Sandeep K Malyan
- Department of Environmental Studies, Dyal Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Chinmay Maithani
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanumakonda, 506004, India
| | | | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmnetal Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Environmnetal Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - Sarthak Malhotra
- Department of Environmental Studies, Dyal Singh Evening College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110003, India
| | - Manish Sharma
- Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302004, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Soil Science and Chemistry Section, Host Plant Division, Central Sericultural Research & Training Institute, CSB, Mysore, Karnataka, 570008, India
| | - Bijay K Panday
- State Water and Sanitation Mission, Government of Uttrakhand, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | - R P Pandey
- Environmnetal Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kim YI, Jeong E, Lee JY, Chia RW, Raza M. Microplastic contamination in groundwater on a volcanic Jeju Island of Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 226:115682. [PMID: 36921785 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MPs) contamination in groundwater has received massive attention since plastic waste has been released directly into the environment. This study investigates MPs contamination in groundwater on the Jeju volcanic Island, Korea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify MPs in groundwater from volcanic islands. A total of 21 sites were sampled for groundwater wells and springs in July and September (2021). Sampling was performed without cross-contamination through quality assurance and quality control. The results showed that MPs abundance ranged from 0.006 to 0.192 particles/L in groundwater samples. Additionally, MPs were detected in deep groundwater wells where the groundwater level was 143 m below ground surface. Eight MPs polymer types, including polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyamide, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, and polyurethane, were detected using Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μ-FT-IR). Most of the detected MPs size ranged from 20 to 100 μm, accounting for 95% of the total. Fragments and fiber shaped MPs were detected, with the majority of them being fragmented in groundwater samples. The concentrations of MPs and major ions in groundwater showed a positive correlation. A negative correlation was observed between MPs concentration and topographic elevation (r = -0.59, p = 0.01). The source of MPs contamination is most likely attributed to agricultural activities, such as plastic mulching and greenhouses, which account for most of the land use in the study area. In this study, MPs entered the aquifer through the soil at the surface and seeped through cracks in fractured rock on basalt with sealed groundwater wells. This study takes 500 L of samples to prevent sample bias, reveal plastic contamination in groundwater, and indicating the characteristics and sources of contaminated plastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-In Kim
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Jeong
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rogers Wainkwa Chia
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Earth Resources, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Maimoona Raza
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
V G, Shanmugavel SP, Tyagi VK, Rajesh Banu J. Microplastics as emergent contaminants in landfill leachate: Source, potential impact and remediation technologies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 343:118240. [PMID: 37235990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A significant amount of plastic waste is generated each year on a global scale, in which the maximum quantity of plastic waste is typically dumped in landfills in various parts of the world. Moreover, dumping plastic waste in landfills cannot address the issue of proper disposal; it simply delays the process. Exploiting waste resources entails environmental hazards because plastic wastes buried in landfills gradually break down into Microplastics (MPs) due to physical, chemical, and biological effects. The possibility of landfill leachate as a source of MPs in the environment has not received much attention. Without systematic treatment, MPs in leachate increase the risk to human health and environmental health since they contain dangerous and toxic pollutants and antibiotic resistance genes transmitted by leachate vectors. Due to their severe environmental risks, MPs are now widely recognized as emerging pollutants. Therefore, the composition of MPs in landfill leachate and the interaction of MPs with other hazardous contaminants are summarised in this review. The available potential mitigation or treatment methods of MPs in landfill leachate as of now, along with the drawbacks and challenges of the present leachate treatment for eliminating MPs, are described in this review. Since it is unclear how MPs will be removed from the current leachate facilities, it is crucial to develop innovative treatment facilities as quickly as possible. Finally, the areas that require more research to provide complete solutions to the persistent problem of plastic debris are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- GodvinSharmila V
- Department of Civil Engineering, Mar Ephraem College of Engineering and Technology, Marthandam, 629171, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Surya Prakash Shanmugavel
- Department of Solid Waste Management and Health, Greater Chennai Corporation, Tamil Nadu, 600 003, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental Hydrology Division, National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, 610005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mohammadi A, Malakootian M, Dobaradaran S, Hashemi M, Jaafarzadeh N, De-la-Torre GE. Occurrence and ecological risks of microplastics and phthalate esters in organic solid wastes: In a landfill located nearby the Persian Gulf. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 332:138910. [PMID: 37172626 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Landfill sites are the main source of plastic waste. Thus, municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills may act as a reservior of microplastics (MPs) and related pollutants such as phthalate esters (PAEs) into surrounding environment. However, there is limited information on MPs and PAEs in landfill sites. Levels of MPs and PAEs in organic solid waste disposed in a landfill of Bushehr port were investigated for the first time in this study. The mean MPs and PAEs levels in organic MSW samples were 12.3 items/g and 7.99 μg/g, respectively, and the mean PAEs concentration in MPs was 87.5 μg/g. The highest number of MPs was related to the size classes of >1000 μm and <25 μm. The highest dominant type, color, and shape of MPs in organic MSW were nylon, white/transparent, and fragments, respectively. Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) were the dominant compounds of PAEs in organic MSW. Based on the finding of present study, MPs showed a high hazard index (HI). DEHP, dioctyl phthalate (DOP), and DiBP demonstrated high-level hazards for sensitive organisms in water. This work illustrated considerable MPs and PAEs levels from an uncontrolled landfill without adequate protection, possibly contributing to their release into the environment. The sites of landfill located near marine environments, such as Bushehr port landfill adjacent to the Persian Gulf, may indicate critical threats to marine organisms and the food chain. Continuous landfills control and monitoring, especially the ones near the coastal area, is highly recommended to prevent further environmental pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azam Mohammadi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Malakootian
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Sina Dobaradaran
- Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran; Instrumental Analytical Chemistry and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, Essen, 45141, Germany.
| | - Majid Hashemi
- Environmental Health Engineering Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Neemat Jaafarzadeh
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gabriel E De-la-Torre
- Biodiversity, Environment, and Society Research Group, San Ignacio de Loyola University, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hussain Z, Marcel B, Majeed A, Tsimisaraka RSM. Effects of transport-carbon intensity, transportation, and economic complexity on environmental and health expenditures. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2023:1-31. [PMID: 37362967 PMCID: PMC10165593 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-023-03297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Health and the environment are complex components of the countries, influenced by several factors, especially transport, and economics. Thus, this paper assesses the role of transportation and economic complexity in the environment and public health for the Organization for Economic Co-operation Development (OECD) countries from 2001 to 2020. This study also focuses on the relationship between transport and economic complexity with environmental and healthcare expenditures. Precisely, transport and economic activities stimulate healthcare expenditures through multiple channels. The current study employs the STIRPAT model to investigate the association with transportation, economic complexity, transport-carbon intensity, and healthcare expenditure. Besides, the current research confirms the plausible cross-sectional dependency across countries, and it adopts a second-generation technique. Analytical findings suggest that transportation-carbon intensity is positively and significantly associated with healthcare expenditures. Healthcare and transport-household expenditures increase transport-carbon intensity (TCI) by 75% and 45%, respectively, in the long run. In the contrast, TCI and transport-household expenditures have also a remarkable impact on healthcare expenditures and are estimated approximately 95% in the long run. Moreover, economic growth also upsurges TCI and healthcare expenditures through multiple economic activities. Besides, transport-household expenditures (THE) drastically impact transport-carbon intensity and healthcare expenditures (HEX) through passenger traffic (PTF). Diagnostic upshots unveil that the joint effect of THE and PTF increases TCI and HEX by 4 and 3%, respectively. Finally, findings recommend some policy implications and future research directions for the countries based on empirical outcomes. Countries should regulate economic activities to reduce transport carbon emissions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Hussain
- School of Finance, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Abdul Majeed
- Business School, Huanggang Normal University, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ghorbaninejad Fard Shirazi MM, Shekoohiyan S, Moussavi G, Heidari M. Microplastics and mesoplastics as emerging contaminants in Tehran landfill soils: The distribution and induced-ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121368. [PMID: 36858106 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution with microplastics (MPs) and mesoplastics (MEPs) and their potential risks to human health and ecosystem quality have aroused the concern of communities. Therefore, the pioneering study was conducted on Tehran landfill soil contamination with MPs and MEPs. 56 shallow and deep soil samples were collected from different landfill areas in the wet and dry seasons. The physical and chemical characteristics of MPs and MEPs were measured using a stereomicroscope and FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that the average MP abundance in shallow and deep soil was 863 ± 681 and 225 ± 138 particles/kg soil, and for MEPs, it was 29.8 ± 6.4 and 18.1 ± 8.3 particles/kgsoil. The low-density plastic particles were separated completely by flotation with H2O, NaCl, and ZnCl2 solutions, but PVC was only separated by 90%. Over 90% of MPs and MEPs were LDPE, PP, and PS polymers, explained by their widespread applications in single-use products and their consumption in Iran. Films, white and black, and 0.1-0.5 mm were the dominant shapes, colors, and sizes of MPs, respectively. The prevailing MEPs were film-shaped and in white and yellow colors, with a size of 0.5-1.0 cm. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that total organic matter and moisture were highly correlated with MP shapes. The calculated polymer hazard index values have a wide range at different sampling points, and this index yielded hazard levels III-IV and II-IV for MPs and MEPs, respectively, while according to the pollution load index category, the hazard level of MPs and MEPs was I-II and I. The potential ecological risk index from combined polymers has been estimated to be of minor to extreme danger for MPs and of minor risk for MEPs. Our findings provided baseline data on MPs contamination in Tehran landfill soil and its associated ecological risk, which aids policymakers in implementing risk-reduction measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sakine Shekoohiyan
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Moussavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Heidari
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang S, Wang W, Yan P, Wang J, Yan S, Liu X, Aurangzeib M. Microplastic migration and distribution in the terrestrial and aquatic environments: A threat to biotic safety. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 333:117412. [PMID: 36758402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastics production has been increasing over years, while their recycling rate is lower, resulting in huge amounts of microplastics (MP) accumulating in the environment. Although the environmental behaviors of MPs have been focused on in recent years, the migration, distribution and adverse effects of MPs in terrestrial and aquatic environments are still not systematically understood. In this review, based on the newest publications from the core database of the Web of Science, both the migration and distribution of MPs were summarized, as well as MPs transfer in biota and their biological effects were also focused on. Generally, the complicated and numerous pathways of MPs migration lead to their distribution throughout or nearly all environments on a global scale. However, the migration mechanisms of MPs with various sizes, shapes, and colors by physicochemical and biological processes, and the prediction models of MP migration and distribution, are deficient, despite these properties being highly related to MPs migration and bio-safety. Although MPs have already invaded microorganisms, plants, animals, and even human beings, the biological effects still need more study, so far as their sizes and shapes and also their composition and adsorption are concerned. Moreover, based on the highlights and deficiencies of current studies, further studies have also been proposed. This review aims to help people re-evaluate the uncertain behaviors of MPs in various environments, and could be helpful to fully understand their biological effects in different environmental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Wan Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Pengke Yan
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jiuqi Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Sihua Yan
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, CAS, Harbin, 150081, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cha J, Lee JY, Chia RW. Microplastics contamination and characteristics of agricultural groundwater in Haean Basin of Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:161027. [PMID: 36549528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The quality of groundwater is critical to human health. MPs have access to groundwater from the soil, polluted by various agricultural activities. However, to date, there have been no studies on the occurrence of MP in groundwater from an agriculture field without any adjacent sources of contamination, such as nearby landfills. In this study, the occurrence and distribution of MPs in groundwater of an agricultural area in the Haean Basin, Korea, without any definite source of pollution, was examined. MP and groundwater samplings were conducted in the dry season in 2020, the wet and dry seasons in 2021, respectively. In this study, the reliability of MP analysis was improved through good practices from laboratory to field campaigns, collecting large groundwater samples (300-500 L) volumes. Any involvement of plastic materials was avoided during the full procedures as possible and. Detailed investigation was conducted for the distribution of potential plastics sources like mulching, plastic covers, dripping pipes and shading nets, and hydrogeological properties affecting MPs occurrence. Groundwater MP concentrations of 0.02-0.15 particles/L (median = 0.06 particles/L), 0.02-2.56 particles/L (median = 0.43 particles/L) and 0.20-3.48 particles/L (median = 0.83 particles/L) were found in three rounds of sampling that comprised of the exploratory investigation in 2020, the wet season, and the dry season in 2021, respectively. The identified polymer types were polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and polyamide (PA). The MPs concentrations showed no statistically significant seasonal variation but revealed an apparent strong positive correlation (r = 0.71) of MPs with the amount of groundwater use. Findings of this study need more clarification from repeated samplings for multiple years. This study reveals the occurrence of MPs in groundwater in Korea for the first time to the best of our knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Cha
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Lee
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research on Microplastics in Groundwater (RMPG), Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rogers Wainkwa Chia
- Department of Geology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Earth Resources, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lu X, He H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Fei X. Masses and size distributions of mechanically fragmented microplastics from LDPE and EPS under simulated landfill conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130542. [PMID: 37055960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Landfills contain significant amounts of plastic waste (PW) and microplastics (MPs). However, the contributions of various PW fragmentation processes to the quality and quantity of MPs in landfills are unclear. In this study, LDPE and EPS pieces were mixed with sand to simulate landfilled solid waste, which experienced one-dimensional abiotic compression under vertical stress of 100-800 kPa for 1-300 days. The generated MPs were stained and quantified with a fluorescent microscope. The numbers and masses of the fragmented MPs increase with the increasing compression stress and duration following linear or exponential trends. EPS has a lower stiffness than LDPE, thus generates more MPs under the same compression conditions. Stress-dependent and time-dependent fragmentation mechanisms are distinguished, the former is driven by sand-plastic porosity reduction and the latter is due to microscopic interfacial creep with minimal porosity reduction. Most of the mechanically fragmented MPs have diameters < 100 µm. The MPs size distributions follow an established power-law model, which are dependent on stress, duration, porosity reduction, and fragmentation mechanism. Our results serve as conservative estimations on long-term MPs generation in real landfills, which provide confirmative and quantitative evidence to support the previous studies reporting the varied MPs abundances and properties within landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Lu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hongping He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuliang Guo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Xunchang Fei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sima J, Wang J, Song J, Du X, Lou F, Pan Y, Huang Q, Lin C, Wang Q, Zhao G. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma for the remediation of microplastic-contaminated soil from landfill. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137815. [PMID: 36640970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The huge amount of plastic waste accumulated in landfills has caused serious microplastic (MP) pollution to the soil environment, which has become an urgent issue in recent years. It is challenging to deal with the non-biodegradable MP pollutants in actual soil from landfills. In this study, a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system was proposed to remediate actual MP-contaminated landfill soil due to its strong oxidation capacity. The influence of carrier gas type, applied voltage, and air flow rate was investigated, and the possible degradation pathways of MP pollutants were suggested. Results showed the landfill soil samples contained four common MP pollutants, including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with sizes ranging from 50 to 1500 μm. The MP pollutants in the soil were rapidly removed under the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by DBD plasma. Under the air flow rate of 1500 mL min-1, the maximum remediation efficiency represented by mass loss reached 96.5% after 30 min treatment. Compared with nitrogen, when air was used as the carrier gas, the remediation efficiency increased from 41.4% to 81.6%. The increased applied voltage from 17.5 to 24.1 kV could also promote the removal of MP contaminants. Sufficient air supply was conducive to thorough removal. However, when the air flow rate reached 1500 mL min-1 and continued to rise, the final remediation efficiency would be reduced due to the shortened residence time of ROS. The DBD plasma treatment proposed in this study showed high energy efficiency (19.03 mg kJ-1) and remediation performance (96.5%). The results are instructive for solving MP pollution in the soil environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Sima
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314000, China.
| | - Jiaxing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xudong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Fangfang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yuhan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Qunxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chengqian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Guangjie Zhao
- China United Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou, 310051, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ge J, Wang M, Liu P, Zhang Z, Peng J, Guo X. A systematic review on the aging of microplastics and the effects of typical factors in various environmental media. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
46
|
Shi Y, Chai J, Xu T, Ding L, Huang M, Gan F, Pi K, Gerson AR, Yang J. Microplastics contamination associated with low-value domestic source organic solid waste: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159679. [PMID: 36283521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge and food waste are two typical important domestic low-value organic solid wastes (LOSW). LOSW contains significant organic matter and water content resulting in the transboundary transfer of liquid-solid-gas and other multi-mediums, such that the complexity of microplastics (MPs) migration should be of greater concern. This article provides a review of the literature focusing on the separation and extraction methods of MPs from LOSW. The occurrence and source of MPs are discussed, and the output and impact of MPs on LOSW heat and biological treatments are summarized. The fate and co-effects of MPs and other pollutants in landfills and soils are reviewed. This review highlights the migration and transformation of MPs in domestic source LOSW, and future perspectives focused on the development of a unified extraction and analysis protocol. The objective of this review is to promote the technological development of decontamination of MPs in LOSW by sufficient understanding of the fate of MPs, their interaction with coexisting pollutants and the development of targeted preventive research strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Jiaqi Chai
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lihu Ding
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Meijie Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Fangmao Gan
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Kewu Pi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Andrea R Gerson
- Blue Minerals Consultancy, Wattle Grove, Tasmania 7109, Australia
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Leterme SC, Tuuri EM, Drummond WJ, Jones R, Gascooke JR. Microplastics in urban freshwater streams in Adelaide, Australia: A source of plastic pollution in the Gulf St Vincent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158672. [PMID: 36419277 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of marine environments from plastic waste is anticipated to increase with current increases in plastic production. Reciprocally, escalating research efforts provide an improved understanding, monitoring, awareness, and mitigation of plastic contamination. Freshwater streams are recognised as one of the main contributors of microplastic pollution in marine environments. Presented here is the first investigation on the abundance of microplastic contamination (>20 μm and <5 mm) in freshwater streams in Adelaide, Australia. Composite samples were obtained from the sub-surface waters of eight freshwater streams (Magazine Wetland, Torrens River, Brownhill Creek, Sturt River, Field River, Christie Creek, Onkaparinga River and Pedler Creek), just before their connection to the Gulf St Vincent. Microplastics were found in all samples and microplastic abundance was 6.4 ± 5.5 particles.L-1 across all streams, with significant variations. Microplastic abundances found in the freshwater streams of Adelaide were comparatively higher than those found in areas of similar urbanisation, likely due to the varying methodologies used across studies. This work provides evidence, for the first time, of the prevalence of microplastic contamination in the sub-surface waters of eight freshwater streams in metropolitan Adelaide. These findings reinforce the need for long-term and on-going monitoring of freshwater streams for plastic contamination. Furthermore, spatial and temporal monitoring will allow for the identification in changes to the abundances of microplastics discharging from these sources into the Gulf St Vincent and observe if abundances increase or decrease with any future targeted waste management efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Leterme
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Elise M Tuuri
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Woody J Drummond
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Russell Jones
- Water Data Services, 1 Erudina Avenue, Edwardstown, SA 5039, Australia.
| | - Jason R Gascooke
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Flinders Institute for NanoScale Science and Technology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Mahesh S, Gowda NK, Mahesh S. Identification of microplastics from urban informal solid waste landfill soil; MP associations with COD and chloride. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:115-129. [PMID: 36640027 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are an issue of prime environmental concern globally. The abundance of MP particles in the informal open solid waste landfill soil was evaluated showing 180-1120 MP particles per kg of soil. Moisture content (MC), electrical conductivity (EC) and pH of the MP-contaminated soil compared to the baseline showed 2.96% MC, 187-441 μS/cm EC and 6.94 pH. Morphology of extracted MPs in SEM showed particle fragmentation as film fragments (13.7%), fragments (56.1%), fibres (26.4%) and foam (3.8%). EDS results showed Carbon 71.8% and 24.5% oxygen with traces of Na, Al, Si and Cl-. FTIR of field obtained MPs identified were polyethylene and polypropylene. The association of MP particles with COD and chloride was discovered. MP particles of Low-density Polyethylene of size of 1 mm × 1 mm and thickness 25 μm up to 20 numbers showed no effect adding to the COD values. The COD values increased with increase in MP particle numbers. Similarly, chloride associations with MP particles showed an increase in MP particles reducing chloride values by 31% in landfill runoff water. It is interpreted that MP particle disintegration into nano-sized plastics (NPs) in the soil/runoff water can greatly increase the COD values and impair the salt mass balance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Mahesh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Constituent College of JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), JSSTI Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka State 570006, India E-mail:
| | - Nisarga K Gowda
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Constituent College of JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), JSSTI Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka State 570006, India E-mail:
| | - Sahana Mahesh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Constituent College of JSS Science and Technology University (Formerly SJCE), JSSTI Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka State 570006, India E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
He R, Peng C, Jiang L, Han H, Chu YX, Wang J, Liu CY, Zhao N. Characteristic pollutants and microbial community in underlying soils for evaluating landfill leakage. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 155:269-280. [PMID: 36403411 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leachate leakage poses a serious environmental risk to the safety of surrounding soils and groundwater. A much faster approach to reflect landfill leakage is the premise to mitigate the ecological risk of landfills. In this study, two landfills (BJ and WZ) were selected to investigate the leaching characteristics of various pollutants along the vadose soil depths. The physiochemical properties of underlying soils including NO3--N, NO2--N, NH4+-N, OM, TN, EC and Cl- exhibited a typical leaching dynamic along the depths. Among them, TN, NH4+-N, OM, NO3--N, and EC might be used as characteristic pollutants to evaluate the leachate leakage issues in landfilled sites. The genera Thiopseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Hydrogenispora dominated in underlying soils. Compared to BJ samples, a more diverse and active microbiome capable of carbon and nitrogen cycles was observed in WZ samples, which was mainly ascribed to nutrients and elements contained in different types of soils. Among the environmental factors, nitrogenous compounds, SO42-, pH and EC had significant effects on the microbial community structures in the underlying soils. The relative abundances of Hydrogenispora and Caldicoprobacter might be used as characteristic microorganisms to evaluate the leachate leakage issues in landfilled sites. These results provided a deep insight into effects of leachate leakage in underlying soils, especially the pollutants vertical distribution and the corresponding microbial community structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruo He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Chun Peng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Hua Han
- BGI Engineering Consultants LTD., Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Chu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chen-Yang Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Nannan Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Veropalumbo R, Oreto C, Viscione N, Pirozzi F, Pontoni L, Trancone G, Race M, Russo F. Exploring the effect on the environment of encapsulated micro- and nano-plastics into asphalt mastics for road pavement. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114466. [PMID: 36228686 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A new environmental problem is represented by the huge transformation of plastic waste released into the environment into small fragments, the so called micro- and nano-plastics, due to atmospheric phenomena. The smaller the size of the plastic fragments, the more their spreading into environmental compartments. The aim of this study is to test encapsulation into asphalt mastics of waste plastic material (WPM) as sustainable strategy to obtain road flexible pavements and to evaluate the potential release in water of micro and nano plastics. A new mastic mixing method was developed to blend the WPM with the bitumen contained into a bitumen emulsion (BE60/40) by adopting low mixing temperatures. Three different WPM contents, equal to 5, 10 and 20% by the weight of the bitumen contained in the BE60/40, were adopted to produce the mastics; the mastics' rheological properties, obtained by frequency sweep and multiple stress creep and recovery tests, were compared to those of a traditional asphalt mastic containing limestone filler. The aging of asphalt mastics was analyzed by soaking them in water and gradually lowering and raising temperature between -10 and 60 °C at predefined intervals. The addition of WPM improved greatly the asphalt mastic performance; in particular, for a WPM content of 10%, the rheological response in terms of stiffness remained unchanged after the mastic underwent thermal excursions in water. Encapsulation of micro and nano plastics into mastics reduced of more than 99% their potential water release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Veropalumbo
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Oreto
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Nunzio Viscione
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovico Pontoni
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Trancone
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Race
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via Di Biasio 43, 03043, Cassino, Italy.
| | - Francesca Russo
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy; Road Laboratory Luigi Tocchetti., Federico II University of Naples, Via Claudio 21, 80125, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|