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Jiao S, Hou X, Kong W, Zhao G, Feng Y, Zhang S, Zhang H, Liu J, Jiang G. Ryegrass uptake behavior and forage risk assessment after exposing to soil with combined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cadmium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173385. [PMID: 38796010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Internalization of chemicals and the forage risks of ryegrass under the combined exposure to PAHs and Cd at environmental concentrations were studied here. The effect of soil pH was also concerned due to the widely occurred soil acidification and general alkali remediation for acidification soil. Unexpectedly, as same as the acid-treated group (pH 6.77), the alkali-treatment (pH 8.83) increased Cd uptake compared with original soil pH group (pH 7.92) for the reason of CdOH+ and CdHCO3+ formed in alkali-treated group. Co-exposure to PAHs induced more oxidative stress than Cd exposure alone due to PAHs aggregated in young root regions, such as root tips, and consequently, affecting the expression of Cd-transporters, destroying the basic structure of plant cells, inhibiting the energy supply for the transporters, even triggering programmed cell death, and finally resulting in decreased Cd uptake. Even under environmental concentrations, combined exposure caused potential risks derived from both PAHs and Cd. Especially, ryegrass grown in alkali-treated soil experienced an increased forage risks despite the soil meeting the national standards for Cd at safe levels. These comprehensive results reveal the mechanism of PAHs inhibiting Cd uptake, improve the understanding of bioavailability of Cd based on different forms, provide a theoretical basis to formulate the safety criteria, and guide the application of actual soil management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingwang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenqian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ganghui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Areguamen OI, Calvin NN, Gimba CE, Okunola OJ, Abdulbasid AG, Ogbesejana AB, Oluwasesan BM, Kabo KS, Abdulkadir AO, Caleb NK. Dietary exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated Talinum Triangulare grown along polluted river. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:331. [PMID: 39017947 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The research aims to evaluate the source, dispersion, and human health risk assessment of PAH-contaminated Talinum Triangulare grown along the polluted Ikpoba River. The freeze-dried vegetables were sonicated with dichloromethane for an hour and then concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The extract was purified using a glass column with anhydrous Na2SO4 and silica gel and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The distribution of the contaminants showed that Pyrene < Benzo(a)anthracene ≤ Fluorene < Phenathrene ≤ Naphthalene ≤ Acenaphthene < Anthracene ≤ Acenaphthylene, while Pyrene < Benzo(a)anthracene < Fluorene < Phenathrene < Acenaphthalene ≤ Naphthalene < Anthracene < Acenaphthylene in wet and dry periods, respectively. The average ∑8 PAHs was 0.85 mg/kg and 0.75 mg/kg in wet and dry periods, respectively, and showed a decrease of 17.64% from wet to dry periods. The daily average dose revealed that the infant male and the adult female consumed the least and highest doses of T. Triangulare (TT), respectively. Furthermore, the hazard quotient and hazard index were < 1 for all the target groups, with adult females having higher values in both seasons. However, the incremental life cancer risk of the target group was between potential and high-potential cancer risk, with adolescent males and adult females more prone to low and high cancer risk, respectively. The isomer ratio and multivariate statistics revealed the sources of the PAH-contaminated TT to be more from pyrolysis.
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Su C, Yang Y, Jia M, Yan Y. Integrated framework to assess soil potentially toxic element contamination through 3D pollution analysis in a typical mining city. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142378. [PMID: 38763392 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Soil potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution of contaminated sites has become a global environmental issue. However, given that previous studies mostly focused on pollution assessment in surface soils, the current status and environmental risks of potentially toxic elements in deeper soils remain unclear. The present study aims to cognize distribution characteristics and spatial autocorrelation, pollution levels, and risk assessment in a stereoscopic environment for soil PTEs through 3D visualization techniques. Pollution levels were assessed in an integrated manner by combining the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), the integrated influence index of soil quality (IICQs), and potential ecological hazard index. Results showed that soil environment at the site was seriously threatened by PTEs, and Cu and Cd were ubiquitous and the predominant pollutants in the study area. The stratigraphic models and pollution plume simulation revealed that pollutants show a decreasing trend with the deepening of the soil layer. The ranking of contamination soil volume is as follows: Cu > Cd > Zn > As > Pb > Cr > Ni. According to the IICQs evaluation, this region was subject to multiple PTE contamination, with more than 60% of the area becoming seriously and highly polluted. In addition, the ecological hazard model revealed the existence of substantial ecological hazards in the soils of the site. The integrated potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated that 45.7%, 10.13%, and 4.15% of the stereoscopic areas were in considerable, high, and very high risks, respectively. The findings could be used as a theoretical reference for applying multiple methods to integrate evaluation through 3D visualization analysis in the assessment and remediation of PTE-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanghong Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, China.
| | - Mengyao Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, China
| | - Yibo Yan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, China; Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, China
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Zhang S, Wang Z, Yi L, Ye X, Suo F, Chen X, Lu X. Bacterial response to the combined pollution of benzo[a]pyrene and decabromodiphenyl ether in soil under flooding anaerobic condition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133137. [PMID: 38056265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the interaction between the co-pollutants of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and the bacterial community in soil under flooding anaerobic condition. Three levels of combined pollution (at nominal concentrations of 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg, respectively, for each pollutant), their corresponding sterilized controls, and a blank control (CK) were set up. During the incubation time of 270 days, BaP attenuated more easily than BDE-209. The second-order rate constant of BaP attenuation was negatively correlated with the Ln value of initial BaP concentration. Maximal difference in bacterial community occurred between the CK soil and the highly polluted soil. Desulfomonilaceae, Parcubacteria and Rhodanobacter were probably involved in BaP and BDE-209 degradation, while Nitrosomonadaceae, Phenylobacterium and Mitochondria were significantly suppressed by BaP and BDE-209 or their degrading products. Genes narI, bcrC, fadJ, had, dmpC, narG and CfrA were involved in the degradation of BaP and BDE-209. Impacts of BaP and BDE-209 on metabolisms of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur were not significant. The results provide guidance for the management and remediation of the contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lijin Yi
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Ye
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Fanyu Suo
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xuexia Chen
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Lu
- Ministry of Education Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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Proshad R, Li J, Sun G, Zheng X, Yue H, Chen G, Zhang S, Li Z, Zhao Z. Field application of hydroxyapatite and humic acid for remediation of metal-contaminated alkaline soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13155-13174. [PMID: 38243026 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The quality of soil is essential for ensuring the safety and quality of agricultural products. However, soils contaminated with toxic metals pose a significant threat to agricultural production and human health. Therefore, remediation of contaminated soils is an urgent task, and humic acid (HA) with hydroxyapatite (HAP) materials was applied for this study in contaminated alkaline soils to remediate Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn. Physiochemical properties, improved BCR sequential extraction, microbial community composition in soils with superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and chlorophyll content in plants were determined. Among the studied treatments, application of HAP-HA (2:1) (T7) had the most significant impact on reducing the active forms of toxic metals from soil such as Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn decreased by 18.59%, 9.12%, 11.83%, and 3.33%, respectively, but HAP and HA had a minor impact on metal accumulation in Juncao. HAP (T2) had a beneficial impact on reducing the TCleaf/root of Cd, Cu, and Zn, whereas HAP-HA (T5) showed the best performance for reducing Cd and Cu in EFleaf/soil. HAP-HA (T5 and T7) showed higher biomass (57.3%) and chlorophyll (17.9%), whereas HAP (T4) showed better performance in POD (25.8%) than T0 in Juncao. The bacterial diversity in soil was increased after applying amendments of various treatments and enhancing metal remediation. The combined application of HAP and HA effectively reduced active toxic metals in alkaline soil. HAP-HA mixtures notably improved soil health, plant growth, and microbial diversity, advocating for their use in remediating contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- CCTEG Chongqing Engineering (Group) Co., LTD., Chongqing, 400000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohuai Sun
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zheng
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Yue
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Geng Chen
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangting Zhang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Li
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Liu JZ, Tai XS, Jiao L, Zhang M, Zang F. Pollution and source-specific risk analysis of potentially toxic metals in urban soils of an oasis-tourist city in northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:55. [PMID: 38263529 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Source-specific risk apportionment for soil potentially toxic metals (PTMs) is of great significance for contamination prevention and risk management in urban environments. Eighty-five urban soil samples were obtained from an oasis-tourist city, China and examined for eight PTMs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn). The pollution levels, sources, and ecological risk of soil PTMs were quantified, and their source-specific ecological and human health effects were also estimated using the multi-proxy approaches. The results demonstrated that accumulation of Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Zn in soils was observed compared to their background levels, and the soils experienced varying degrees of PTMs pollution, especially at sites with high-intensity anthropogenic activities. Natural sources, atmospheric deposition, industrial sources, vehicular emissions, and comprehensive inputs were the principal sources, with contributions of 29.28%, 25.86%, 20.13%, 16.50%, and 8.23%, respectively. The integrated ecological risks of PTMs in soils were moderate at most sites, with atmospheric deposition being the dominant contributor to ecological risks. Children exhibited pronounced non-cancer risks, but adults had no notable non-cancer risks. Moreover, there were potential carcinogenic risks for both children and adults within the study region. Non-cancer and carcinogenic risks were more significant for children than adults, and traffic emissions were the primary contributor to non-cancer risks (adults: 20.53%, children: 20.49%) and carcinogenic risks (adults: 22.95%, children: 22.08%). The industrial and traffic activities were considered as priority control sources for soil pollution control and risk management, with Hg, Cd, Zn, and Pb corresponding to the priority elements. This study highlights the source-specific ecological and human health effects of PTMs pollution in urban soils, thereby providing valuable information for targeted pollution control and priority source management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jun-Zhuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Tai
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Liang Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis, Gansu Province, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fei Zang
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
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Sun H, Jia X, Wu Z, Yu P, Zhang L, Wang S, Xia T. Contamination and source-specific health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil from a mega iron and steel site in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122851. [PMID: 37918775 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The iron and steel industry has always been a key and difficult point of environmental pollution control. In the present study, 493, 175, 153, 72, and 42 soil samples were collected from the soil depths of 0-0.5, 0.5-2, 2-3, 3-4, and 4-5 m (herein called the layers) of the Shougang Steel site, respectively. Compared with the evaluation criteria, the Shougang Steel surface soil was severely polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Inverse distance-weighted interpolation and the Kruskal-Wallis H test revealed that the soil PAH pollution in the iron-making area, especially the coking area, was severer than those in other areas. The PAH concentrations first decreased, and then, increased with the increase of depth. With the increase in depth, the contributions of 2- and 3-ring PAHs increased, while those of 4-, 5-, and 6-ring PAHs decreased. The bivariate local indicators of spatial association (LISA) analysis was used to identify the areas prone to soil PAH pollution due to atmospheric deposition of industrial waste gas and traffic emissions. The method could be used to analyze the impact of anthropogenic activities on soil's PAH pollution for other contaminated sites. Three main pollution sources of soil PAHs, the backfill source, the combustion of coal, and the traffic emissions, were identified based upon three diagnostic ratios, positive matrix factorization and the bivariate LISA analysis, and accounted for 53.8%, 23.5%, and 22.7%, respectively. The combination of bivariate LISA analysis and other source analysis methods could improve the accuracy of source analysis. Benzo[a]pyrene contributed the most to the total health risk among sixteen PAHs. The health risks related to the three pollution sources decreased in the order of backfill sources > coal combustion > traffic emissions. The incremental life-time carcinogenic risks were all below 10-4, indicating negligible or acceptable risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- Beijing Shougang Construction Investment Company Limited, Beijing, 100043, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shijie Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Tianxiang Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Risk Modeling and Remediation of Contaminated Sites, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Aljohani ASM. Heavy metal toxicity in poultry: a comprehensive review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1161354. [PMID: 37456954 PMCID: PMC10340091 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1161354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) have been recognized as most toxic heavy metals that are continuously released into the environment, both from natural sources and from anthropogenic production of fertilizers, industrial activities, and waste disposal. Therefore, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb are found in increasing concentrations in bodies of water, fodder, feed, and in the tissues of livestock, including poultry, in the surroundings of industrial areas, leading to metabolic, structural, and functional abnormalities in various organs in all animals. In poultry, bioaccumulation of As, Pb, Cd, and Hg occurs in many organs (mainly in the kidneys, liver, reproductive organs, and lungs) as a result of continuous exposure to heavy metals. Consumption of Cd lowers the efficiency of feed conversion, egg production, and growth in poultry. Chronic exposure to As, Pb, Cd, and Hg at low doses can change the microscopic structure of tissues (mainly in the brain, liver, kidneys, and reproductive organs) as a result of the increased content of these heavy metals in these tissues. Histopathological changes occurring in the kidneys, liver, and reproductive organs are reflected in their negative impact on enzyme activity and serum biochemical parameters. Metal toxicity is determined by route of exposure, length of exposure, and absorbed dosage, whether chronic and acute. This review presents a discussion of bioaccumulation of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg in poultry and the associated histopathological changes and toxic concentrations in different tissues.
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Tian YX, Wang Y, Chen HY, Ma J, Liu QY, Qu YJ, Sun HW, Wu LN, Li XL. Organophosphate esters in soils of Beijing urban parks: Occurrence, potential sources, and probabilistic health risks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 879:162855. [PMID: 36931520 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are an emerging contaminant widely distributed in the soil. OPEs have drawn increasing attention for their biological toxicity and possible threat to human health. This research investigated the pollution characteristics of two typical OPEs, organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) and organophosphate diesters (di-OPEs), in soils of 104 urban parks in Beijing. The median concentrations of Σ11tri-OPEs and Σ8di-OPEs were 157 and 17.9 ng/g dw, respectively. Tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate were the dominant tri-OPE and di-OPE, respectively. Consumer materials (such as building insulation and decorative materials), traffic emissions, and reclaimed water irrigation may be critical sources of tri-OPEs in urban park soils. Di-OPEs mainly originated from the degradation of parent compounds and industrial applications. Machine learning models were employed to determine the influencing factors of OPEs and predict changes in their concentrations. The predicted OPEs concentrations in Beijing urban park soils in 2025 and 2030 are three times and five times those in 2018, respectively. According to probabilistic health risk assessment, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of OPEs can be negligible for children and adults. Our results could inform measures for preventing and controlling OPEs pollution in urban park soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Y Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - H Y Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - J Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Q Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Y J Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - H W Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - L N Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - X L Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Hou Y, Li Y, Tao H, Cao H, Liao X, Liu X. Three-dimensional distribution characteristics of multiple pollutants in the soil at a steelworks mega-site based on multi-source information. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130934. [PMID: 36860071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution at steelworks mega-sites has become a severe environmental issue worldwide. However, due to the complex production processes and hydrogeology, the soil pollution distribution at steelworks is still unclear. This study scientifically cognized the distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and heavy metals (HMs) at a steelworks mega-site based on multi-source information. Specifically, firstly, 3D distribution and spatial autocorrelation of pollutants were obtained by interpolation model and local indicators of spatial associations (LISA), respectively. Secondly, the characteristics of horizontal distribution, vertical distribution, and spatial autocorrelations of pollutants were identified by combining multi-source information such as production processes, soil layers, and properties of pollutants. Horizontal distribution showed that soil pollution in steelworks mainly occurred in the front end of the steel process chain. Over 47% of PAHs and VOCs pollution area were distributed in coking plants and over 69% of HMs in stockyards. Vertical distribution indicated that HMs, PAHs, and VOCs were enriched in the fill, silt, and clay layers, respectively. Spatial autocorrelation of pollutants was positively correlated with their mobility. This study clarified the soil pollution characteristics at steelworks mega-sites, which can support the investigation and remediation of steelworks mega-sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - You Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongying Cao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liao
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Damage Assessment and Remediation, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Global Change, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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11
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Zheng F, Guo X, Tang M, Zhu D, Wang H, Yang X, Chen B. Variation in pollution status, sources, and risks of soil heavy metals in regions with different levels of urbanization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161355. [PMID: 36610633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal (HM) pollution is an increasing threat to ecosystem integrity and human health with rapid urbanization. Nevertheless, how soil HMs vary with the process of urbanization remains unclear. Here we used index evaluation, spatial analysis, and a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to determine the pollution characteristics and sources of eight soil HMs (Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Ni) among regions with different urbanization levels (urban area, suburb, and ecoregion) in Baoding City, Northern China. We also assessed the risks posed to the ecosystem and human health using risk assessment models. The results indicated that the mean levels of Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb in the study area exceeded the soil environmental quality standards by 10.7 %, 10.7 %, 12.5 %, 23.2 %, and 3.57 %, respectively. A pronounced regional spatial distribution was discovered with high levels in suburban areas. Both the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index revealed significantly higher HM contamination in suburban areas than in urban or ecoregion areas. Source apportionment based on the PMF model and correlation analysis showed that soil HMs in suburban areas primarily originated from agricultural activity, industrial sources, and natural sources. Those in urban soils originated from industrial sources, urban traffic, and natural sources, whereas those in ecoregions derived from natural sources and agricultural activity. The complex sources of soil HMs in suburban areas resulted in the highest carcinogenic risks to children health, followed by the ecoregion, but not in urban areas. This study identified the differences in pollution levels, sources, and risks of soil HMs among regions with different urbanization levels and can guide future efforts to mitigate and manage soil HM pollution during urbanization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zheng
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xin Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mingyang Tang
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaoru Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Bing Chen
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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12
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Zhang X, Liao Q, Zhao H, Li P. Vector maps and spatial autocorrelation of carbon emissions at land patch level based on multi-source data. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1006337. [PMID: 36339218 PMCID: PMC9633069 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
An accurate carbon emissions map is of great significance for urban planning to reduce carbon emissions, mitigate the heat island effect, and avoid the impact of high temperatures on human health. However, little research has focused on carbon emissions maps at the land patch level, which makes poor integration with small and medium-sized urban planning based on land patches. In this study, a vectorization method for spatial allocation of carbon emissions at the land patch level was proposed. The vector maps and spatial autocorrelation of carbon emissions in Zhangdian City, China were explored using multi-source data. In addition, the differences between different streets were analyzed, and the carbon emissions ratio of the land patch was compared. The results show that the vector carbon emissions map can help identify the key carbon reduction land patches and the impact factors of carbon emissions. The vector maps of Zhangdian City show that in 2021, the total carbon emissions and carbon absorptions were 4.76 × 109kg and 4.28 × 106kg respectively. Among them, industrial land accounted for 70.16% of carbon emissions, mainly concentrated in three industrial towns. Forest land carbon absorption accounted for 98.56%, mainly concentrated in the peripheral streets away from urban areas. The Moran's I of land patch level carbon emissions was 0.138, showing a significant positive spatial correlation. The proportion of land patches is an important factor in determining carbon emissions, and the adjustment of industrial structure is the most critical factor in reducing carbon emissions. The results achieved can better help governments develop different carbon reduction strategies, mitigate the heat island effect, and support low-carbon and health-oriented urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Qinghua Liao
| | - Qinghua Liao
- School of Architectural Engineering, Tongling University, Tongling, China,Xiaoping Zhang
| | - Hu Zhao
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Li
- Zibo Urban Planning Design Institute Co., Ltd., Zibo, China
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13
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Lin H, Shi J, Dong Y, Li B, Yin T. Construction of bifunctional bacterial community for co-contamination remediation: Pyrene biodegradation and cadmium biomineralization. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 304:135319. [PMID: 35700808 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals are typical pollutants in the non-ferrous metal smelting industry. The combination of biodegradation and biomineralization has great development potential for co-contamination removal as an environmentally friendly method. Pyrene (Pyr) and cadmium (Cd) were regarded as model pollutants of co-contamination in this study. A bifunctional bacterial community named Ycp was screened from a non-ferrous smelting slag field soil. The 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing analysis showed that Enterobacter was the dominant genus (99.1%). Ycp had adaptability under a wide range of environmental conditions (pH 3-9, salinity 0-10 g L-1 NaCl, Pyr concentration 0-50 mg L-1, Cd concentration 0-100 mg L-1), and the removal rate of Pyr and Cd reached 41.8%-76.9%, 82.8%-98.8%, respectively. It was found that compound carbon sources had promoting effect on the removal of Pyr and Cd, with the maximum removal rate of 88.3% and 98.0%. According to the degradation products of Pyr by LC-MS analysis and the mineralized products of Cd2+ by XRD and SEM-EDS analysis, the mechanism of Ycp for co-contamination remediation was: Ycp biodegraded Pyr through salicylic acid and phthalic acid metabolic pathways, and biomineralized Cd2+ into CdCO3 through microbially induced carbonate precipitation. This study provided a basis for microbial remediation of co-contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingyun Shi
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingbo Dong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing, Beijing, 102628, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Bing Li
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
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14
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Ji L, Li W, Li Y, He Q, Bi Y, Zhang M, Zhang G, Wang X. Spatial Distribution, Potential Sources, and Health Risk of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Surface Soils under Different Land-Use Covers of Shanxi Province, North China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911949. [PMID: 36231245 PMCID: PMC9565183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread in the environment and pose a serious threat to the soil ecosystem. In order to better understand the health risks for residents exposed to PAH-contaminated soil, 173 surface soil samples were collected in Shanxi Province, China, to detect the levels of 16 priority PAHs. The spatial distribution patterns of PAHs were explored using interpolation and spatial clustering analysis, and the probable sources of soil PAHs were identified for different land-use covers. The results indicate that the soil Σ16 PAH concentration ranged from 22.12 to 1337.82 ng g-1, with a mean of 224.21 ng g-1. The soils were weakly to moderately contaminated by high molecular weight PAHs (3-5 ring) and the Taiyuan-Linfen Basin was the most polluted areas. In addition, the concentration of soil PAHs on construction land was higher than that on other land-use covers. Key sources of soil PAHs were related to industrial activities dominated by coal burning, coking, and heavy traffic. Based on the exposure risk assessment of PAHs, more than 10% of the area was revealed to be likely to suffer from high carcinogenic risks for children. The study maps the high-risk distribution of soil PAHs in Shanxi Province and provides PAH pollution reduction strategies for policy makers to prevent adverse health risks to residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ji
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiusheng He
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-351-699-8256
| | - Yonghong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Minghua Zhang
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Guixiang Zhang
- School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xinming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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