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Romero-Mesones C, de Homdedeu M, Soler-Segovia D, Gómez-Ollés C, Espejo-Castellanos D, Ojanguren I, Saez-Gimenez B, Cruz MJ, Munoz X. The Impact of the Reduction in Environmental Pollution during COVID-19 Lockdown on Healthy Individuals. TOXICS 2024; 12:492. [PMID: 39058144 PMCID: PMC11280586 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The lockdown imposed to combat the COVID-19 pandemic produced a historic fall in air pollution in cities like Barcelona. This exceptional situation offered a unique context in which to examine the effects of air pollutants on human health. The present study aims to determine and compare the oxidative stress biomarkers Th1/Th2 and inflammatory-related cytokines in healthy individuals first during lockdown and then six months after the easing of the restrictions on mobility. A prospective study of a representative sample of 58 healthy, non-smoking adults was carried out. During lockdown and six months post-easing of restrictions, blood samples were drawn to measure the percentage of eosinophils, levels of Th1/Th2 and inflammatory-related cytokines assessed by a multiplex assay (BioRad Laboratories S.A., Marnes-la-Coquette, France), and levels of 8-isoprostane, glutathione peroxidase activity, and myeloperoxidase (Cayman Chemical Co., Ann Arbor, MI, USA), to assess their value as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Six months after easing mobility restrictions, increases in the levels of 8-isoprostane (p < 0.0001), IL-1β (p = 0.0013), IL-1ra (p = 0.0110), IL-4 (p < 0.0001), IL-13 (p < 0.0001), G-CSF (p = 0.0007), and CCL3 (p < 0.0001) were recorded, along with reductions in glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.0001), IFN-γ (p = 0.0145), TNFα (p < 0.0001), IP-10 (p < 0.0001), IL-2 (p < 0.0001), IL-7 (p < 0.0001), basic FGF (p < 0.0001), CCL4 (p < 0.0001), and CCL5 (p < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in the rest of the biomarkers analyzed. The reduction in environmental pollution during the COVID-19 lockdown significantly lowered the levels of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and Th2-related cytokines in healthy people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Romero-Mesones
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel de Homdedeu
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Soler-Segovia
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Ollés
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Espejo-Castellanos
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inigo Ojanguren
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Saez-Gimenez
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
| | - María-Jesús Cruz
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Munoz
- Pulmonology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-M.); (M.d.H.); (D.S.-S.); (C.G.-O.); (D.E.-C.); (I.O.); (B.S.-G.); (X.M.)
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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Gouveia N, Rodriguez-Hernandez JL, Kephart JL, Ortigoza A, Betancourt RM, Sangrador JLT, Rodriguez DA, Diez Roux AV, Sanchez B, Yamada G. Short-term associations between fine particulate air pollution and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in 337 cities in Latin America. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:171073. [PMID: 38382618 PMCID: PMC10918459 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is a health concern in Latin America given its large urban population exposed to levels above recommended guidelines. Yet no studies have examined the mortality impact of air pollutants in the region across a wide range of cities. We assessed whether short-term levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from modeled estimates, are associated with cardiovascular and respiratory mortality among adults in 337 cities from 9 Latin American countries. We compiled mortality, PM2.5 and temperature data for the period 2009-2015. For each city, we evaluated the association between monthly changes in PM2.5 and cardiovascular and respiratory mortality for sex and age subgroups using Poisson models, adjusted for seasonality, long-term trend, and temperature. To accommodate possibly different associations of mortality with PM2.5 by age, we included interaction terms between changes in PM2.5 and age in the models. We combined the city-specific estimates using a random effects meta-regression to obtain mortality relative risks for each sex and age group. We analyzed 3,026,861 and 1,222,623 cardiovascular and respiratory deaths, respectively, from a study population that represents 41 % of the total population of Latin America. We observed that a 10 μg/m3 increase in monthly PM2.5 is associated with an increase of 1.3 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.4 to 2.2) in cardiovascular mortality and a 0.9 % increase (95 % CI -0.6 to 2.4) in respiratory mortality. Increases in mortality risk ranged between -0.5 % to 3.0 % across 6 sex-age groups, were larger in men, and demonstrated stronger associations with cardiovascular mortality as age increased. Socioeconomic, environmental and health contexts in Latin America are different than those present in higher income cities from which most evidence on air pollution impacts is drawn. Locally generated evidence constitutes a powerful instrument to engage civil society and help drive actions to mitigate and control ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Gouveia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Josiah L Kephart
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ana Ortigoza
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Environmental and Social determinants for Health Equity, Pan American Health Organization, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel A Rodriguez
- Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of City and Regional Planning and Institute Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Ana V Diez Roux
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Brisa Sanchez
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Goro Yamada
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA
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Thapa S, Bhatta R, Puri B, Bashyal R, Kunwar R, Shrestha SP, Regmi G, Pal P. A pilot study on the pulmonary anthracosis in stray dogs of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: A potential public health threat for future. Vet World 2024; 17:658-665. [PMID: 38680155 PMCID: PMC11045528 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.658-665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Kathmandu is a densely populated metropolitan city in Nepal. In recent years, however, the metropolis has been ranked as one of the most polluted cities worldwide. Both humans and animals are susceptible to various respiratory diseases due to chronic exposure to polluted air. Due to the relative similarities in the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the respiratory system between humans and dogs, polluted environments may lead to respiratory illness in similar ways in both species living in the valley. On the basis of information on the air quality in the valley, this study was conceived to assess pulmonary illness in street dogs to discern the health hazards caused by polluted air. Materials and Methods A total of 76 dogs with clinical signs of tachypnea, dyspnea, sneezing, coughing, mucopurulent discharge, moderate hyperthermia, and anorexia admitted from July 2020 to November 2020 in Animal Nepal for treatment were included in this study. Among them, 24 animals responded to treatment, and 52 dogs died during their stay in the hospital. The 52 dead animals were necropsied, and the lesions that resembled pulmonary anthracosis were further studied grossly and histologically in a blinded fashion by trained veterinary pathologists. Results Significant morphological alterations were observed in the lungs and associated lymph nodes of 25 animals, indicating pulmonary anthracosis. Gross morphological changes included multiple black foci with hemorrhage, congestion, nodular, and emphysema on the parietal and visceral surfaces of the lungs. The alveolar septa and visceral pleura exhibited deposition of black particles. Congestion, emphysema, and inflammatory exudates were also detected in the lung tissues and lymph nodes. Conclusion The clinical, gross, and microscopic findings accurately resembled those of pulmonary anthracosis. This life-threatening condition in stray canines may be caused by a critical level of air pollution from different sources and carbon emissions from vehicles. To protect animals and humans living in the Kathmandu Valley, concerned government and non-government agencies should work toward reducing air pollution levels as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Thapa
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forest University, Chitwan, 44202, Nepal
| | - Rajesh Bhatta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forest University, Chitwan, 44202, Nepal
| | - Bikash Puri
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forest University, Chitwan, 44202, Nepal
| | - Rajendra Bashyal
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forest University, Chitwan, 44202, Nepal
| | | | - Swochhal Prakash Shrestha
- Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety Centre for Asia Pacific, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Girija Regmi
- Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, 31793 Georgia, USA
| | - Pushkar Pal
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Clinics, Agriculture and Forest University, Chitwan, 44202, Nepal
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Guillien A, Slama R, Andrusaityte S, Casas M, Chatzi L, de Castro M, de Lauzon-Guillain B, Granum B, Grazuleviciene R, Julvez J, Krog NH, Lepeule J, Maitre L, McEachan R, Nieuwenhuijsen M, Oftedal B, Urquiza J, Vafeiadi M, Wright J, Vrijheid M, Basagaña X, Siroux V. Associations between combined urban and lifestyle factors and respiratory health in European children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117774. [PMID: 38036203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies identified some environmental and lifestyle factors independently associated with children respiratory health, but few focused on exposure mixture effects. This study aimed at identifying, in pregnancy and in childhood, combined urban and lifestyle environment profiles associated with respiratory health in children. METHODS This study is based on the European Human Early-Life Exposome (HELIX) project, combining six birth cohorts. Associations between profiles of pregnancy (38 exposures) and childhood (84 exposures) urban and lifestyle factors, identified by clustering analysis, and respiratory health were estimated by regression models adjusted for confounders. RESULTS Among the 1033 included children (mean ± standard-deviation (SD) age: 8.2 ± 1.6 years old, 47% girls) the mean ± SD forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were 99 ± 13% and 101 ± 14%, respectively, and 12%, 12% and 24% reported ever-asthma, wheezing and rhinitis, respectively. Four profiles of pregnancy exposures and four profiles of childhood exposures were identified. Compared to the reference childhood exposure profile (low exposures), two exposure profiles were associated with lower levels of FEV1. One profile was characterized by few natural spaces in the surroundings and high exposure to the built environment and road traffic. The second profile was characterized by high exposure to meteorological factors and low levels of all other exposures and was also associated with an increased risk of ever-asthma and wheezing. A pregnancy exposure profile characterized by high exposure levels to all risk factors, but a healthy maternal lifestyle, was associated with a lower risk of wheezing and rhinitis in children, compared to the reference pregnancy profile (low exposures). CONCLUSION This comprehensive approach revealed pregnancy and childhood profiles of urban and lifestyle exposures associated with lung function and/or respiratory conditions in children. Our findings highlight the need to pursue the study of combined exposures to improve prevention strategies for multifactorial diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Guillien
- University of Grenoble Alpes, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, French National Center for Scientific Research, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.
| | - Rémy Slama
- University of Grenoble Alpes, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, French National Center for Scientific Research, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Sandra Andrusaityte
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 53361, Academia, Lithuania
| | - Maribel Casas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Montserrat de Castro
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Center for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Berit Granum
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Regina Grazuleviciene
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 53361, Academia, Lithuania
| | - Jordi Julvez
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Clinical and Epidemiological Neuroscience Group (NeuroÈpia), Institut d'Investigatió Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepeule
- University of Grenoble Alpes, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, French National Center for Scientific Research, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Léa Maitre
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Rosemary McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Bente Oftedal
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jose Urquiza
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - John Wright
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Xavier Basagaña
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Valérie Siroux
- University of Grenoble Alpes, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, French National Center for Scientific Research, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France
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Hazlehurst MF, Dearborn LC, Sherris AR, Loftus CT, Adgent MA, Szpiro AA, Ni Y, Day DB, Kaufman JD, Thakur N, Wright RJ, Sathyanarayana S, Carroll KN, Moore PE, Karr CJ. Long-term ozone exposure and lung function in middle childhood. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 241:117632. [PMID: 37967704 PMCID: PMC11067856 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ozone (O3) exposure interrupts normal lung development in animal models. Epidemiologic evidence further suggests impairment with higher long-term O3 exposure across early and middle childhood, although study findings to date are mixed and few have investigated vulnerable subgroups. METHODS Participants from the CANDLE study, a pregnancy cohort in Shelby County, TN, in the ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium, were included if children were born at gestational age >32 weeks, completed a spirometry exam at age 8-9, and had a valid residential history from birth to age 8. We estimated lifetime average ambient O3 exposure based on each child's residential history from birth to age 8, using a validated fine-resolution spatiotemporal model. Spirometry was performed at the age 8-9 year study visit to assess Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) as primary outcomes; z-scores were calculated using sex-and-age-specific reference equations. Linear regression with robust variance estimators was used to examine associations between O3 exposure and continuous lung function z-scores, adjusted for child, sociodemographic, and home environmental factors. Potential susceptible subgroups were explored using a product term in the regression model to assess effect modification by child sex, history of bronchiolitis in infancy, and allergic sensitization. RESULTS In our sample (n = 648), O3 exposure averaged from birth to age 8 was modest (mean 26.6 [SD 1.1] ppb). No adverse associations between long-term postnatal O3 exposure were observed with either FEV1 (β = 0.12, 95% CI: -0.04, 0.29) or FVC (β = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.13, 0.19). No effect modification by child sex, history of bronchiolitis in infancy, or allergic sensitization was detected for associations with 8-year average O3. CONCLUSIONS In this sample with low O3 concentrations, we did not observe adverse associations between O3 exposures averaged from birth to age 8 and lung function in middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnie F Hazlehurst
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Logan C Dearborn
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Allison R Sherris
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yu Ni
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; School of Public Health, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Drew B Day
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development of Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Epidemiology and of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Neeta Thakur
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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He S, Lundberg B, Hallberg J, Klevebro S, Pershagen G, Eneroth K, Melén E, Bottai M, Gruzieva O. Joint association of air pollution exposure and inflammation-related proteins in relation to infant lung function. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 255:114294. [PMID: 37952388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Systemic inflammation is one potential mechanism underlying negative impact of air pollution on lung function. Levels of inflammation-related proteins have the potential to characterize infants' susceptibility to air pollution induced lung function impairment. This study aimed to examine the interplay between air pollution exposure and inflammation-related proteins on lung function in 6-months-old infants. METHODS In the EMIL birth cohort from Stockholm (n = 82), dynamic spirometry, along with measurement of plasma levels of 92 systemic inflammation-related proteins (Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel) have been carried out in infants aged six months. Time-weighted average exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM10), <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at residential addresses from birth and onwards was estimated via validated dispersion models. To characterize the abnormality of inflammation-related protein profile, for each protein in each infant, we calculated the relative deviance of the protein level from age- and sex-specific median in terms of its age- and sex-specific interquartile range (IQR), followed by computing the absolute value of the smallest relative deviance, "minimum absolute deviance". Using linear regression models, interaction of air pollution and the abnormal inflammatory profile on lung function was estimated on the additive scale. RESULTS We found joint association of PM exposure and an abnormal inflammatory protein profile in relation to FEV0.5 and FVC. For 0.1 unit increase in minimum absolute deviance, one IQR increase in PM10 was associated with 85.9 ml (95% CI: -122.9, -48.9) additional decrease in FEV0.5, and 72.3 ml (95% CI: -121.5, -23.2) additional decrease in FVC. Similar results were obtained with PM2.5 exposure, while less apparent for NO2. CONCLUSIONS Early life air pollution exposure and abnormal inflammation-related protein profiles may interact synergistically towards lower lung function in infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhen He
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Björn Lundberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Hallberg
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Klevebro
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Eneroth
- Environment and Health Administration, SLB-analys, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matteo Bottai
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olena Gruzieva
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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Signes-Pastor AJ, Notario-Barandiaran L, Guill M, Madan J, Baker E, Jackson B, Karagas MR. Prenatal exposure to metal mixtures and lung function in children from the New Hampshire birth cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117234. [PMID: 37793590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to metals/metalloids, even at common US population levels, may pose risks to fetal health, and affect children's lung function. Yet, the combined effects of simultaneous prenatal exposures on children's lung function remain largely unexplored. This study analyzed 11 metals (As speciation, Cd, Co, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Zn) in maternal urine during weeks 24-28 of gestation and evaluated lung function, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1), in 316 US mother-child pairs at around age 7. We used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR), weighted quantile sum regression (WQSR), and multiple linear regression to examine the association between metal mixture exposure and children's lung function, adjusting for maternal smoking, child age, sex, and height. In BKMR models assessing combined exposure effects, limited evidence of metal non-linearity or interactions was found. Nevertheless, Co, As species, and Pb showed a negative association, while Mo exhibited a positive association with children's FVC and FEV1, with other metals held constant at their medians. The weighted index, from WQSR analysis assessing the cumulative impact of all metals, highlighted prenatal Mo with the highest positive weight, and Co, As, and Sb with the most substantial negative weights on children's FVC and FEV1. Urinary Co and Pb were negatively associated with FVC (β = -0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.18; -0.01) and β = -0.07, 95% CI (-0.13; 0.00), respectively). Co was also negatively associated with FEV1 (β = -0.09, 95% CI (-0.18; 0.00). There was a negative association between As and FVC, and a positive association between Mo and both FVC and FEV1, though with wide confidence intervals. Our findings suggest that prenatal trace element exposures may impact children's lung function, emphasizing the importance of reducing toxic exposures and maintaining adequate nutrient levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Signes-Pastor
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain.
| | - Leyre Notario-Barandiaran
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain
| | - Margaret Guill
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Juliette Madan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Emily Baker
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Brian Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, USA.
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Yang X, Xu D, Wen B, Ji J, Zhang Z, Li L, Zhang S, Zhi H, Kong J, Wang C, Wang J, Ruan H, Zhang M, Wei L, Dong B, Wang Q. The mediating role of exhaled breath condensate metabolites in the effect of particulate matter on pulmonary function in schoolchildren: A crossover intervention study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165517. [PMID: 37459994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The role played by metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in the effect of PM on schoolchildren's pulmonary function has received little attention. Accordingly, we examined whether metabolites in EBC mediated the effect of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 on the pulmonary function of schoolchildren at a residential primary school who had received an air-cleaner cross-over intervention. Samples of EBC were collected from a total of 60 schoolchildren and subjected to metabolomics analysis. We found that the effect of PM on six pulmonary function indicators was mediated by the following nine lipid peroxidation-related and energy metabolism-related metabolites present in EBC: 4-hydroxynonenal, arachidoyl ethanolamide, dl-pyroglutamic acid, 5-deoxy-d-glucose, myristic acid, lauric acid, linoleic acid, l-proline, and palmitic acid. However, while all nine of these metabolites mediated the effects of PM on boys' pulmonary function, only 4-hydroxynonenal, arachidoyl ethanolamide, and dl-pyroglutamic acid mediated the effects of PM on girls' pulmonary function. Overall, our results show that (1) short-term exposure to PM affected the schoolchildren's pulmonary function by causing an imbalance between lipid peroxidation and glutathione-based antioxidant activity and by perturbing energy metabolism in respiratory system and (2) there was a sex-dependent antioxidant response to PM exposure, with boys being less resistant than girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Dongqun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Air Quality and Health Monitoring, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Bo Wen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Ji
- Hazard Screening and Omic Platform, Analysis and Testing Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shaoping Zhang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hong Zhi
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hongjie Ruan
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lan Wei
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Department of Air Quality and Health Monitoring, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
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Zhang S, Wu L, Zhong Y, Shao M, Wei Z, Dong W, Zhu A, Tao FB, Wu X. Trend and heterogeneity in forced vital capacity among Chinese students during 1985-2019: results from Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health. Respir Res 2023; 24:268. [PMID: 37926845 PMCID: PMC10626663 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forced vital capacity (FVC) reflects respiratory health, but the long-term trend and heterogeneity in FVC of Chinese students were understudied. METHODS Data were from Chinese National Survey on Students' Constitution and Health 1985-2019. Super Imposition by Translation and Rotation model was used to draw FVC growth curves. Sex-, region-, and nationality-heterogeneity in FVC was evaluated. Spearman correlation and generalized additive model was used to reveal influencing factors for FVC. RESULTS Compared to 1985, age at peak FVC velocity was 1.09, 3.17, 0.74, and 1.87 years earlier for urban male, urban female, rural male, and rural female in 2019, respectively. Peak FVC velocity first decreased and then increased during 1985-2019, only male rebounded to larger than 1985 level. FVC declined from 1985 to 2005 and then raised. Males consistently had higher FVC than females, with disparities increasing in the 13-15 age group. Urban students also had higher FVC than rural students. In 2019, FVC difference between 30 Chinese provinces and the national average showed four scenarios: consistently above national average; less than national average until age 18, then above; greater than national average until age 18, then this advantage reversed; less than national average in almost all the age. Most Chinese ethnic minority students had lower FVC levels compared to Han students. Spearman correlation and generalized additive model showed that age, sex, and height were the leading influencing factors of FVC, followed by socioeconomic and environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS Chinese students experienced advanced FVC spurt, and there was sex-, region- and nationality-heterogeneity in FVC. Routine measurement of FVC is necessary in less developed areas of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yumei Zhong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Meirou Shao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiyi Wei
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wenfeng Dong
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Aiping Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Fang-Biao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xiulong Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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10
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Tang W, Sun L, Wang J, Li K, Liu S, Wang M, Cheng Y, Dai L. Exploring Associations Between Short-Term Air Pollution and Daily Outpatient Visits for Allergic Rhinitis. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:1455-1465. [PMID: 37575684 PMCID: PMC10417714 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s416365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Many studies have reported that exposure to air pollution increases the likelihood of acquiring allergic rhinitis (AR). This study investigated associations between short-term air pollution exposure and AR outpatient visits. Patients and Methods The Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University provided AR outpatient data from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. Daily air quality information for that period was gathered from the Hangzhou Air Quality Inspection Station. We used the Poisson's generalized additive model (GAM) to investigate relationships between daily outpatient AR visits and air pollution, and investigated lag-exposure relationships across days. Subgroup analyses were performed by age (adult (>18 years) and non-adult (<18 years)) and sex (male and female). Results We recorded 20,653 instances of AR during the study period. Each 10 g/m3 increase in fine particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations was associated with significant increases in AR outpatient Visits. The relative risks (RR) were: 1.007 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.001-1.013), 1.026 (95% CI: 1.008-1.413), and 1.019 (95% CI: 1.008-1.047). AR visits were more likely due to elevated PM2.5, PM10, and CO levels. Additionally, children were more affected than adults. Conclusion To better understand the possible effects of air pollution on AR, short-term exposure to ambient air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, and CO) may be linked to increased daily outpatient AR visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Mathematics Teaching and Research Office of the Ministry of Basic Education of Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Hangzhou Zhenqi Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Li
- Clinical Medicine Department of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Liu
- Clinical Medicine Department of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwei Wang
- Metabolic Disease Center, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongran Cheng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Markevych I, Zhao T, Fuertes E, Marcon A, Dadvand P, Vienneau D, Garcia Aymerich J, Nowak D, de Hoogh K, Jarvis D, Abramson MJ, Accordini S, Amaral AF, Bentouhami H, Jacobsen Bertelsen R, Boudier A, Bono R, Bowatte G, Casas L, Dharmage SC, Forsberg B, Gislason T, Gnesi M, Holm M, Jacquemin B, Janson C, Jogi R, Johannessen A, Keidel D, Leynaert B, Maldonado Perez JA, Marchetti P, Migliore E, Martínez-Moratalla J, Orru H, Pin I, Potts J, Probst-Hensch N, Ranzi A, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Siroux V, Soussan D, Sunyer J, Urrutia Landa I, Villani S, Heinrich J. Residential greenspace and lung function decline over 20 years in a prospective cohort: The ECRHS study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108036. [PMID: 37336027 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The few studies that have examined associations between greenspace and lung function in adulthood have yielded conflicting results and none have examined whether the rate of lung function decline is affected. OBJECTIVE We explored the association between residential greenspace and change in lung function over 20 years in 5559 adults from 22 centers in 11 countries participating in the population-based, international European Community Respiratory Health Survey. METHODS Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured by spirometry when participants were approximately 35 (1990-1994), 44 (1999-2003), and 55 (2010-2014) years old. Greenness was assessed as the mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in 500 m, 300 m, and 100 m circular buffers around the residential addresses at the time of lung function measurement. Green spaces were defined as the presence of agricultural, natural, or urban green spaces in a circular 300 m buffer. Associations of these greenspace parameters with the rate of lung function change were assessed using adjusted linear mixed effects regression models with random intercepts for subjects nested within centers. Sensitivity analyses considered air pollution exposures. RESULTS A 0.2-increase (average interquartile range) in NDVI in the 500 m buffer was consistently associated with a faster decline in FVC (-1.25 mL/year [95% confidence interval: -2.18 to -0.33]). These associations were especially pronounced in females and those living in areas with low PM10 levels. We found no consistent associations with FEV1 and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Residing near forests or urban green spaces was associated with a faster decline in FEV1, while agricultural land and forests were related to a greater decline in FVC. CONCLUSIONS More residential greenspace was not associated with better lung function in middle-aged European adults. Instead, we observed slight but consistent declines in lung function parameters. The potentially detrimental association requires verification in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iana Markevych
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tianyu Zhao
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elaine Fuertes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Marcon
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Payam Dadvand
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Garcia Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK; MRC Centre for Environment & Health, London, UK
| | - Michael J Abramson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Andre Fs Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hayat Bentouhami
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Boudier
- Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to the Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Allied Health, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Lidia Casas
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Institute for Environment and Sustainable Development (IMDO), University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Marco Gnesi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Benedicte Jacquemin
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jogi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dirk Keidel
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedicte Leynaert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) - Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Pierpaolo Marchetti
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Migliore
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Turin, Italy
| | | | - Hans Orru
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; CHU de Grenoble Alpes, Department of Pédiatrie, Inserm, Grenoble, France
| | - James Potts
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Ranzi
- Centre for Environmental Health and Prevention, Regional Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy of Emilia-Romagna, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Valerie Siroux
- Pediatric Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - David Soussan
- Paris Diderot University, Faculty of Medicine, Paris, France; Laboratory of Excellence, INFLAMEX, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité and DHU FIRE, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Simona Villani
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany; Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Lin LZ, Chen JH, Yu YJ, Dong GH. Ambient air pollution and infant health: a narrative review. EBioMedicine 2023:104609. [PMID: 37169689 PMCID: PMC10363448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensive evidence regarding the effects of ambient air pollution on child health is well documented, but limited review summarized their health effects during infancy. Symptoms or health conditions attributed to ambient air pollution in infancy could result in the progression of severe diseases during childhood. Here, we reviewed previous empirical epidemiological studies and/or reviews for evaluating the linkages between ambient air pollution and various infant outcomes including adverse birth outcomes, infant morbidity and mortality, early respiratory health, early allergic symptoms, early neurodevelopment, early infant growth and other relevant outcomes. Patterns of the associations varied by different pollutants (i.e., particles and gaseous pollutants), exposure periods (i.e., pregnancy and postpartum) and exposure lengths (i.e., long-term and short-term). Protection of infant health requires that paediatricians, researchers, and policy makers understand to what extent infants are affected by ambient air pollution, and a call for action is still necessary to reduce ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jin-Hui Chen
- School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; High-Tech Research and Development Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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13
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Sin DD, Doiron D, Agusti A, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Celli BR, Criner GJ, Halpin D, Han MK, Martinez FJ, Montes de Oca M, Papi A, Pavord I, Roche N, Singh D, Stockley R, Lopez Varlera MV, Wedzicha J, Vogelmeier C, Bourbeau J. Air pollution and COPD: GOLD 2023 committee report. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2202469. [PMID: 36958741 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02469-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of COPD worldwide. Indeed, most recent estimates suggest that 50% of the total attributable risk of COPD may be related to air pollution. In response, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Scientific Committee performed a comprehensive review on this topic, qualitatively synthesised the evidence to date and proffered recommendations to mitigate the risk. The review found that both gaseous and particulate components of air pollution are likely contributors to COPD. There are no absolutely safe levels of ambient air pollution and the relationship between air pollution levels and respiratory events is supra-linear. Wildfires and extreme weather events such as heat waves, which are becoming more common owing to climate change, are major threats to COPD patients and acutely increase their risk of morbidity and mortality. Exposure to air pollution also impairs lung growth in children and as such may lead to developmental COPD. GOLD recommends strong public health policies around the world to reduce ambient air pollution and for implementation of public warning systems and advisories, including where possible the use of personalised apps, to alert patients when ambient air pollution levels exceed acceptable minimal thresholds. When household particulate content exceeds acceptable thresholds, patients should consider using air cleaners and filters where feasible. Air pollution is a major health threat to patients living with COPD and actions are urgently required to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to poor air quality around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia Division of Respiratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dany Doiron
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alvar Agusti
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona and CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Anzueto
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - David Halpin
- University of Exeter Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Fernando J Martinez
- Weill Cornell Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Montes de Oca
- Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Centro Médico de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Alberto Papi
- Respiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ian Pavord
- Respiratory Medicine Unit and Oxford Respiratory NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicolas Roche
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, UMR 1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Dave Singh
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Jadwiga Wedzicha
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Claus Vogelmeier
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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14
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Nan N, Yan Z, Zhang Y, Chen R, Qin G, Sang N. Overview of PM 2.5 and health outcomes: Focusing on components, sources, and pollutant mixture co-exposure. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138181. [PMID: 36806809 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 varies in source and composition over time and space as a complicated mixture. Consequently, the health effects caused by PM2.5 varies significantly over time and generally exhibit significant regional variations. According to numerous studies, a notable relationship exists between PM2.5 and the occurrence of many diseases, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and nervous system diseases, as well as cancer. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the effect of PM2.5 on human health is critical. The toxic effects of various PM2.5 components, as well as the overall toxicity of PM2.5 are discussed in this review to provide a foundation for precise PM2.5 emission control. Furthermore, this review summarizes the synergistic effect of PM2.5 and other pollutants, which can be used to draft effective policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Nan
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
| | - Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Occupational Safety and Health, Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100054, PR China; Beijing City University, Beijing, 11418, PR China.
| | - Guohua Qin
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, PR China
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15
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Li Y, Zhu L, Wang Y, Tang Z, Huang Y, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Emergency Department Visits in Children Associated with Exposure to Ambient PM 1 within Several Hours. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4910. [PMID: 36981834 PMCID: PMC10049417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has integrated short-term exposure to PM1 with children's morbidity and mortality. Nevertheless, most available studies have been conducted on a daily scale, ignoring the exposure variations over the span of a day. OBJECTIVE The main intention of this study was to examine the association between pediatric emergency department visits (PEDVs) and intra-day exposures to PM1 and PM2.5. We also aimed to investigate whether a high PM1/PM2.5 ratio elevated the risk of PEDVs independent from PM2.5 exposure within several hours. METHODS We collected hourly data on aerial PM1 and PM2.5 concentrations, all-cause PEDVs, and meteorological factors from two megacities (i.e., Guangzhou and Shenzhen) in southern China during 2015-2016. Time-stratified case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression analysis were used to assess the associations of PEDVs with exposures to PM1 and PM2.5 at different lag hours. The contribution of PM1 to PM2.5-associated risk was quantified by introducing PM1/PM2.5 ratio as an additional exposure indicator in the analysis adjusting for PM2.5. Subgroup analyses were performed stratified by sex, age, and season. RESULTS During this study period, 97,508 and 101,639 children were included from Guangzhou and Shenzhen, respectively. PM1 and PM2.5 exposures within several hours were both remarkably related to an increased risk of PEDVs. Risks for PEDVs increased by 3.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7-5.0%) in Guangzhou and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.9-4.4%) in Shenzhen for each interquartile range (Guangzhou: 21.4 μg/m3, Shenzhen: 15.9 μg/m3) increase in PM1 at lag 0-3 h, respectively. A high PM1/PM2.5 ratio was substantially correlated with increased PEDVs, with an excess risk of 2.6% (95% CI: 1.2-4.0%) at lag 73-96 h in Guangzhou and 1.2% (95% CI: 0.4-2.0%) at lag 0-3 h in Shenzhen. Stratified analysis showed a clear seasonal pattern in PM-PEDVs relationships, with notably stronger risks in cold months (October to March of the following year) than in warm months (April to September). CONCLUSIONS Exposures to ambient PM1 and PM2.5 within several hours were related to increased PEDVs. A high PM1/PM2.5 ratio may contribute an additional risk independent from the short-term impacts of PM2.5. These findings highlighted the significance of reducing PM1 in minimizing health risks due to PM2.5 exposure in children.
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16
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Chen J, Zeng Y, Lau AK, Guo C, Wei X, Lin C, Huang B, Lao XQ. Chronic exposure to ambient PM 2.5/NO 2 and respiratory health in school children: A prospective cohort study in Hong Kong. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114558. [PMID: 36696726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing concerns about the detrimental effects of air pollution on respiratory health, limited evidence is available on these effects in the Hong Kong population, especially in children. In this prospective cohort study between 2012 and 2017, we aimed to investigate the associations between exposure to air pollution (concentrations of fine particulate matter [PM2.5] and nitrogen dioxide [NO2]) and respiratory health (lung function parameters and respiratory diseases and symptoms) in schoolchildren. We recruited 5612 schoolchildren aged 6-16 years in Hong Kong. We estimated the annual average concentrations of ambient PM2.5 and NO2 at each participant's address using spatiotemporal models. We conducted spirometry tests on all participants to measure their lung function parameters and used a self-administered questionnaire to collect information on their respiratory diseases and symptoms and a wide range of covariates. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the associations between exposure to air pollution and lung function. Mixed-effects logistic regression models with random effects were used to investigate the associations of exposure to air pollution with respiratory diseases and symptoms. In all of the participants, every 5-μg/m3 increase in the ambient PM2.5 concentration was associated with changes of - 13.90 ml (95 % confidence interval [CI]: -23.65 ml, -4.10 ml), - 4.20 ml (-15.60 ml, 7.15 ml), 27.20 ml/s (-3.95 ml/s, 58.35 ml/s), and - 19.80 ml/s (-38.35 ml/s, -1.25 ml/s) in forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and maximal mid-expiratory flow, respectively. The corresponding lung function estimates for every 5-μg/m3 increase in the ambient NO2 concentration were - 2.70 ml (-6.05 ml, 0.60 ml), - 1.40 ml (-5.40 ml, 2.60 ml), - 6.60 ml/s (-19.75 ml/s, 6.55 ml/s), and - 3.05 ml/s (-11.10 ml/s, 5.00 ml/s), respectively. We did not observe significant associations between PM2.5/NO2 exposure and most respiratory diseases and symptoms. Stratified analyses by sex and age showed that the associations between exposure to air pollution and lung function parameters were stronger in male participants and older participants (11-14 year old group) than in female participants and younger participants (6-10 year old group), respectively. Our results suggest that chronic exposure to air pollution is detrimental to the respiratory health of schoolchildren, especially that of older boys. Our findings reinforce the importance of air pollution mitigation to protect schoolchildren's respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Chen
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiqian Zeng
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alexis Kh Lau
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cui Guo
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Architecture, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xianglin Wei
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changqing Lin
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Qian Lao
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, the City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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17
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Malá Z, Loskot J, Bušovský D, Bezdíček Z, Komárek J, Ziembik Z. An extensive individual particle analysis of solid airborne particles collected in a moderately urbanized area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22950-22962. [PMID: 36308657 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Detailed individual particle characterization of PM10, in terms of particle size, morphology, and elemental composition, was done using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The samples were collected in four localities in the Czech Republic (Central Europe), three of which are medium-sized cities, and one is a natural locality in the mountains. More than 1600 particles obtained from each locality were evaluated. During the sampling period (1.9.-8.9.2019), the atmospheric conditions were similar in the localities, which enabled the identification of PM10 characteristics common to all the sampling sites. Some differences in the particles' morphology and composition, arising from site-specific conditions, were observed too. The most abundant elements in the PM10 were C, O, Si, Fe, Al, Ca, Na, K, Mg, and S, but some toxic elements (Cr, Cu, and Ni) were also detected. The main component of the PM10 is carbon, whose multimodal distribution indicates that the particles contain different carbonaceous chemical compounds. The distribution of carbon in the natural locality was different compared to the other sites, suggesting a specific character of the sources of carbonaceous compounds in this region. Last but not least, a relationship between Al, Si, and O concentrations was found, which implies the presence of aluminosilicates and silicon dioxide (possibly sand) of crustal origin in the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Malá
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Loskot
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Damián Bušovský
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Bezdíček
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Komárek
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Na Šabatce 2050/17, 143 06, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zbigniew Ziembik
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, University of Opole, Ul. Kard. B. Kominka 6, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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18
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Zong Z, Zhao M, Zhang M, Xu K, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Hu C. Association between PM 1 Exposure and Lung Function in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15888. [PMID: 36497960 PMCID: PMC9740616 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental effects of PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter less than 2.5 or 10 μm) on human respiratory system, including lung function, have been widely assessed. However, the associations between PM1 (particulate matter of less than 1 μm) and lung function in children and adolescents are less explored, and current evidence is inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of the literature on the association between PM1 and lung function in children and adolescents to fill this gap. With no date or language constraints, we used a combination of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms and free text to search PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases through, 1 October 2022 for "PM1 exposure" and "lung function". A total of 6420 relevant studies were identified through our initial search, and seven studies were included in our study. In this meta-analysis, the fixed effect and random effects statistical models were used to estimate the synthesized effects of the seven included studies. For every 10 μg/m3 increase in short-term PM1 exposure, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) decreased by 31.82 mL (95% CI: 20.18, 43.45), 32.28 mL (95% CI: 16.73, 48.91), 36.85 mL/s (95% CI: 15.33, 58.38) and 34.51 mL/s (95% CI: 19.61, 49.41), respectively. For each 10 μg/m3 increase in long-term PM1 exposure, FVC, FEV1, PEF and MMEF decreased by 102.34 mL (95% CI: 49.30, 155.38), 75.17 mL (95% CI: 39.61, 110.73), 119.01 mL/s (95% CI: 72.14, 165.88) and 44.94 mL/s (95% CI: 4.70, 85.18), respectively. Our study provides further scientific evidence for the harmful effects of PM1 exposure on lung function in children and adolescents, indicating that exposure to PM1 is detrimental to pulmonary health. To reduce the adverse health effects of air pollution on children and adolescents, effective preventive measures should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengyue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kexin Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chengyang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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19
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Zhou L, Tao Y, Su X, Chen X, Li L, Fu Q, Xie J, Chen R. Short-Term Associations between Size-Fractioned Particles and Cardiopulmonary Function in COPD Patients: A Panel Study in Shanghai, China, during 2014-2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12473. [PMID: 36231774 PMCID: PMC9566564 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
It remains unknown which size fractions dominate the adverse cardiopulmonary effects of particulate matter (PM). Therefore, this study aimed to explore the differential associations between size-fractioned particle number concentrations (PNCs) and cardiopulmonary function measures, including the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the forced vital capacity (FVC), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We conducted a panel study among 211 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Shanghai, China, between January 2014 and December 2021. We applied linear mixed-effect models to determine the associations between cardiopulmonary function measures and PNCs ranging from 0.01 to 10 μm in diameter. Generally, only particles <1 μm showed significant associations, i.e., ultrafine particles (UFPs, <0.1 μm) for FVC and particles ranging from 0.1 to 1 µm for FEV1 and LVEF. An interquartile range (IQR) increment in UFP was associated with decreases of 78.4 mL in FVC. PNC0.1-0.3 and PNC0.3-1 corresponded to the strongest effects on FEV1 (119.5 mL) and LVEF (1.5%) per IQR increment. Particles <1 µm might dominate the cardiopulmonary toxicity of PM, but UFPs might not always have the strongest effect. Tailored regulations towards particles <1 µm should be intensified to reduce PM pollution and protect vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yingmin Tao
- Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaozhen Su
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiyin Chen
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingyan Fu
- Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Division of General Practice, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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20
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Zhou J, Lei R, Xu J, Peng L, Ye X, Yang D, Yang S, Yin Y, Zhang R. The Effects of Short-Term PM 2.5 Exposure on Pulmonary Function among Children with Asthma-A Panel Study in Shanghai, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11385. [PMID: 36141658 PMCID: PMC9517124 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been reported to be an important risk factor for asthma. This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between PM2.5 and lung function among children with asthma in Shanghai, China. From 2016 to 2019, a total of 70 Chinese children aged 4 to 14 in Shanghai were recruited for this panel study. The questionnaire was used to collect baseline information, and the lung function covering forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were carried out for each child more than twice during follow-up. Meanwhile, the simultaneous daily air atmospheric pollutants and meteorological data were collected. The linear mixed effect (LME) model was used to assess the relationship between air pollutants and lung function. A significantly negative association was found between PM2.5 and lung function in children with asthma. In the single-pollutant model, the largest effects of PM2.5 on lung function were found for lag 0-2, with FVC and FEV1 decreasing by 0.91% [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.75, -0.07] and 1.05% (95% CI: -2.09, 0.00), respectively, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. In the multi-pollution model (adjusted PM2.5 + SO2 + O3), the maximum effects of PM2.5 on FVC and FEV1 also appeared for lag 0-2, with FVC and FEV1 decreasing by 1.57% (95% CI: -2.69, -0.44) and 1.67% (95% CI: -3.05, -0.26), respectively, for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. In the subgroup analysis, boys, preschoolers (<6 years old) and hot seasons (May to September) were more sensitive to changes. Our findings may contribute to a better understanding of the short-term exposure effects of PM2.5 on lung function in children with asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhou
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ruoyi Lei
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaofang Ye
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Sixu Yang
- Shanghai Typhoon Institute, China Meteorological Administration (CMA), Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Respiratory, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Renhe Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200437, China
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