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Shen Q, Liu Y, Li G, An T. A review of disrupted biological response associated with volatile organic compound exposure: Insight into identification of biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174924. [PMID: 39047835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are widespread harmful atmospheric pollutants, which have long been concerned and elucidated to be one of the risks of acute and chronic diseases for human, such as leukemia and cancer. Although numerous scientific studies have documented the potential adverse outcomes caused by VOC exposure, the mechanisms which biological response pathways of these VOC disruption remain poorly understood. Therefore, the identification of biochemical markers associated with metabolism, health effects and diseases orientation can be an effective means of screening biological targets for VOC exposure, which provide evidences to the toxicity assessment of compounds. The current review aims to understand the mechanisms underlying VOCs-elicited adverse outcomes by charactering various types of biomarkers. VOCs-related biomarkers from three aspects were summarized through in vitro, animal and epidemiological studies. i) Unmetabolized and metabolized VOC biomarkers in human samples for assessing exposure characteristics in different communities; ii) Adverse endpoint effects related biomarkers, mainly including (anti)oxidative stress, inflammation response and DNA damage; iii) Omics-based molecular biomarkers alteration in gene, protein, lipid and metabolite aspects associated with biological signaling pathway disorders response to VOC exposure. Further research, advanced machine learning and bioinformation approaches combined with experimental results are urgently needed to ascertain the selection of biomarkers and further illuminate toxic mechanisms of VOC exposure. Finally, VOCs-induced disease causes can be predicted with proven results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyong Shen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yalin Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Polyong CP, Roytrakul S, Sirivarasai J, Yingratanasuk T, Thetkathuek A. Novel Serum Proteomes Expressed from Benzene Exposure Among Gasoline Station Attendants. Biomark Insights 2024; 19:11772719241259604. [PMID: 38868168 PMCID: PMC11168042 DOI: 10.1177/11772719241259604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the proteomes impact of benzene exposure in fuel station employees remains sparse, underscoring the need for detailed health impact assessments focusing on biomarker evaluation. Objectives This investigation aimed to analyze the differences in blood parameters and serum proteomes resulting from benzene exposure between gasoline station attendants (B-GSA) and a control group. Design and methods A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 96 participants, comprising 54 in the B-GSA group and 42 in the control group. The methodology employed included an interview questionnaire alongside urine and blood sample collections. The urine samples were analyzed for trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) levels, while the blood samples underwent complete blood count analysis and proteome profiling. Results Post-shift analysis indicated that the B-GSA group exhibited significantly higher levels of t,t-MA and monocytes compared to the control group (P < .05). Proteome quantification identified 1448 proteins differentially expressed between the B-GSA and control groups. Among these, 20 proteins correlated with the levels of t,t-MA in urine. Notably, 4 proteins demonstrated more than a 2-fold down-regulation in the B-GSA group: HBS1-like, non-structural maintenance of chromosomes element 1 homolog, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4, and zinc finger protein 658. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed associations with apoptosis, cancer pathways, p53 signaling, and the TNF signaling pathway. Conclusion The changes in these 4 significant proteins may elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying benzene toxicity and suggest their potential as biomarkers for benzene poisoning in future assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Pattama Polyong
- Occupational Health and Safety Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Jintana Sirivarasai
- Nutrition Division, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanongsak Yingratanasuk
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Anamai Thetkathuek
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
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Kebamo TE, Yemane T, Arkew M, Walano GA, Tantu A, Abose A, Haile K, Bawore SG, Kiya GT. Hematological Parameters of Gasoline Station Workers at Hosanna Town, Southwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. J Blood Med 2024; 15:21-28. [PMID: 38283855 PMCID: PMC10822093 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s440989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Human exposure to benzene is associated with many adverse health effects. It is mainly related to impairment of the hematopoietic system and bone marrow suppression, causing abnormalities in hematological parameters. However, the reports obtained from different studies are contradictory, and there are little data regarding the hematological parameters of gas station workers in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hematological parameters of gas station workers in Hosanna town, southwest Ethiopia, from May 01 to June 15, 2020. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted by involving 180 (60 gas-stations workers and 120 controls) participants. Socio-demographic and related data of the study participants were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through face-to-face-interviews. All phases of quality assurance were maintained, and hematological parameters were determined using Uni-Cel DxH 800 automated hematological analyzer. Independent sample T-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Statistical significance was declared at P<0.05. Results Statistically significant difference was observed in hematological parameters of gasoline-workers and control groups. The mean of red blood cell count among gasoline-workers was significantly reduced as compared to control groups (p=0.007). In addition, the median of hemoglobin levels among gasoline-workers was significantly decreased as compared to the control groups (p=0.001). In contrast, a significant increase was observed in median of absolute eosinophil count among the gasoline-workers as compared to control groups (p=0.01). The mean of mean cell volume was significantly decreased with respect to the duration of work experience (p=0.04). Conclusion In this study, a statistically significant difference was observed in some hematological parameters of gas station workers compared to the control group. Therefore, medical observation and periodic medical check-ups of the hematological profile should be considered to prevent the development of medical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamirat Ersino Kebamo
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Yemane
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Mesay Arkew
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Getachew Alemu Walano
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Abinet Tantu
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Ageze Abose
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachamo University, Hassana, Ethiopia
| | - Kassahun Haile
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Gebre Bawore
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachamo University, Hassana, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Tesfaye Kiya
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ning Q, Jian T, Cui S, Shi L, Jian X, He X, Zhang X, Li X. Tim-3 facilitates immune escape in benzene-induced acute myeloid leukemia mouse model by promoting macrophage M2 polarization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115532. [PMID: 37806131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Benzene poisoning can cause acute myeloid leukemia (AML) through a variety of passways. Tim-3 has gained prominence as a potential candidate in mediating immunosuppression in tumor microenvironments. The macrophage polarization is also related to immune escape. Herein, we reported that Tim-3 and macrophage M2 polarization play a vital role in benzene-induced AML. First, the benzene-induced AML C3H/He mouse model was constructed by subcutaneously injecting 250 mg/kg of benzene. After six months, macrophage phenotype, cytokines, and Tim-3 expression levels were investigated. Flow cytometry assay revealed that the T-cell inhibitory receptor Tim-3 was significantly upregulated in both bone marrow and spleen of the benzene-induced AML mouse model. Elisa's results displayed a decreased serum level of IL-12 while increased TGF-β1. Mechanistically, changes in cytokine secretion promote the growth of M2-type macrophages in the bone marrow and spleen, as determined by immunofluorescence assay. The increased levels of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR in the benzene-exposure group further proved the crucial role of Tim-3 in regulating the functional status of macrophages in the AML microenvironment. These results demonstrate that Tim-3 and macrophage polarization may play a vital role during the immune escape of the benzene-induced AML. This study provides a new potential intervention site for immune checkpoint-based AML therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ning
- Department of Occupational Diseases, Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250002, China
| | - Tianzi Jian
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Siqi Cui
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Longke Shi
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiangdong Jian
- Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaopeng He
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiangxing Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiangxin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Giardini I, da Poça KS, da Silva PVB, Andrade Silva VJC, Cintra DS, Friedrich K, Geraldino BR, Otero UB, Sarpa M. Hematological Changes in Gas Station Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105896. [PMID: 37239622 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Benzene, toluene, and xylene isomers (BTX) are present in gasoline. Exposure to benzene may lead to the appearance of a series of signs, symptoms, and complications, which are characterized by benzene poisoning, which is an occupational disease. This study evaluated the presence of signs and symptoms related to occupational exposure and whether occupational exposure to BTX is associated with the development of hematological changes. (2) Material and Methods: This cross-sectional epidemiological study included 542 participants, in which 324 were gas station workers (GSWs) and 218 were office workers (OWs) with no occupational exposure to benzene. To characterize the type of exposure (exposed and not exposed), trans,trans-Muconic acid (tt-MA), Hippuric acid (HA), and Methylhippuric acid (MHA) were used as exposure biomarkers. The tt-MA analysis revealed that the GSWs had 0.29 mg/g of urinary creatinine and the OWs had 0.13 mg/g of urinary creatinine. For HA, the GSWs presented 0.49 g/g of creatinine while the OWs presented 0.07. MHA analysis revealed that the GSWs had 1.57 g/g creatinine and the OWs had 0.01 g/g creatinine. Occupation habits and clinical symptoms were collected by questionnaire and blood samples were analyzed for hematological parameters. The persistence of hematological changes was evaluated with three serial blood collections every 15 days followed by laboratory hematological analysis. A descriptive analysis by the Chi-square test method was performed to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to fuels and the occurrence of changes in hematological parameters. (3) Results: In the GSWs, the most described signs and symptoms were somnolence (45.1%), headache (38.3%), dizziness (27.5%), tingling (25.4%), and involuntary movement (25%). Twenty GSWs that presented hematological alterations performed serial collections fifteen days apart. In addition, these workers presented total leukocyte counts above the upper limit and lymphocyte counts close to the lower limit. Leukocytosis and lymphopenia are hematological alterations present in chronic benzene poisoning. (4) Conclusions: The results found an initial change in different hematological parameters routinely used in clinics to evaluate health conditions. These findings reveal the importance of valuing clinical changes, even in the absence of disease, during the health monitoring of gas station workers and other groups that share the same space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Giardini
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Katia Soares da Poça
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)-Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-010, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paula Vieira Baptista da Silva
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valnice Jane Caetano Andrade Silva
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Deborah Santos Cintra
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Karen Friedrich
- Centro de Estudos de Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana (CESTEH), Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21041-210, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Collective Health Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)-Rua Frei Caneca, 94-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-010, RJ, Brazil
| | - Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)-Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-010, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ubirani Barros Otero
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcia Sarpa
- Technical Area of Environment, Work and Cancer, National Cancer Institute-INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20230-240, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Institute, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO)-Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20211-010, RJ, Brazil
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Harrath AH, Alrezaki A, Jalouli M, Al-Dawood N, Dahmash W, Mansour L, Sirotkin A, Alwasel S. Benzene exposure causes structural and functional damage in rat ovaries: occurrence of apoptosis and autophagy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:76275-76285. [PMID: 35666417 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies to date have provided evidence for damage that can occur from hydrocarbon benzene on different tissues/organs. However, little is known regarding the possible influence of this hydrocarbon on female reproduction. In this study, female Wistar rats were treated with low (2000 ppm), middle (4000 ppm), and high (8000 ppm) doses of benzene by inhalation for 30 min daily for 28 days. Benzene exposure adversely affected ovarian function and structure by inducing histopathological changes and altering reproductive steroid hormone release. In addition, benzene-exposed ovaries exhibited increased TMR red fluorescent signals at middle and high doses, revealing significant apoptosis. Interestingly, the investigation of the autophagic protein marker LC3 showed that this protein significantly increased in all benzene-treated ovaries, indicating the occurrence of autophagy. Moreover, ovaries from benzene-treated groups exhibited differential regulation of several specific genes involved in ovarian folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis, including the INSL3, CCND1, IGF-1, CYP17a, LHR, ATG5, and GDF9 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulkarem Alrezaki
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maroua Jalouli
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Al-Dawood
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Dahmash
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexander Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, 949 74, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Elazab MFA, Elbaiomy AEA, Ahmed MS, Alsharif KF, Dahran N, Elmahallawy EK, Mokhbatly AA. Ameliorative Effects of Bovine Lactoferrin on Benzene-Induced Hematotoxicity in Albino Rats. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:907580. [PMID: 35812844 PMCID: PMC9257330 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.907580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene (Bz) is one of the major products of the petrochemical industry globally, which induces aplastic anemia and leukemia in humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) on Bz-induced hematotoxicity in albino rats. Eighty male rats were randomly divided into eight groups: corn oil group [2 mL/kg body weight (BW)], bLf groups (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW), Bz group (Bz 2 mL/kg BW; corn oil 2 mL/kg BW), and Bz + bLf groups (Bz 2 mL/kg BW; corn oil 2 mL/kg BW; bLf 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW). Hematobiochemical results exhibited marked pancytopenia, a significant decrease in total protein, albumin, α2- and γ-globulin, ferritin, serum iron, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and an increase in serum bioactivities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and erythropoietin hormone levels in Bz-treated rats. Histopathological examination revealed a marked reduction in all hematopoietic cell lines in the bone marrow (BM), necrosis in the white pulp of the spleen and cytosolic hydrops, and apoptosis of hepatocytes in the Bz-treated group. Rats treated with bLf (300 mg/kg BW) revealed marked increases in total protein, albumin, α2- and γ-globulin, ferritin, serum iron, and TIBC levels and decreases both in ALP and LDH bioactivities and erythropoietin hormone levels compared with the Bz-treated group. Histopathological results were concomitant with hematobiochemical parameters in rats treated with bLf (300 mg/kg BW), almost showing restoration of the normal cellularity of BM, the architecture of red and white pulps of the spleen, and even the normal hypertrophy of hepatocytes compared with the control groups. To conclude, bLf (300 mg/kg BW) can be recommended to treat Bz-induced hematotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Abou Elazab
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E. A. Elbaiomy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Abdallah A. Mokhbatly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
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Polyong CP, Thetkathuek A. Factors affecting prevalence of neurological symptoms among workers at gasoline stations in Rayong Province, Thailand. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2022; 37:e2022009-0. [PMID: 35878917 PMCID: PMC9314208 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.2022009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was aimed at assessing the exposure to organic solvents and the factors affecting prevalence of neurological symptoms among workers at gas stations in Rayong Province. The sample included 200 workers at gas stations, including refueling staff, cashiers, food shop, coffee shop, and convenience store employees. Interview questionnaire included general information, work history, and neurological symptoms. Urine collection devices were used to detect organic solvents metabolized in urine, including t,t-muconic acid (t,t-MA), hippulic acid (HA), mandelic acid (MA), and methylhppuric acid (MHA).The results showed that the workers’ medians (interquartile range: IQR) of the metabolized organic solvents were as follows: t,t-MA was 393.62 (244.59) µg/g Cr, HA was 0.32 (0.14) g/g Cr, MA was 0.06 (0.02) g/g Cr, and MHA was 0.40 (0.13) g/g Cr. For prevalence of neurological symptoms, top three symptoms were headache (49.0%), dizziness (42.5%), and stress/irritability (38.5%). Working at a gas station present was neurological symptoms more than in the past was 32.5%. According to the assessment of exposure to metabolized organic solvents and factors affecting the prevalence of neurological symptoms, overtime work ≥ 6 hours and HA content greater than quartiles Q3 had an effect on neurologic symptoms (OR=2.17; 95%CI=1.23-5.10 and OR=2.15; 95%CI=1.18- 4.76, respectively). In summary, time spent working in gas stations and exposure to toluene organic solvents can cause neurological symptoms. It is recommended to reduce overtime or add breaks during work shifts or shift changes. In addition, workers should be away from the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Pattama Polyong
- Occupational Health and Safety Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Itsaraphab Road, Hirun Ruchi, Thon Buri, Bangkok 10600,
Thailand
| | - Anamai Thetkathuek
- Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Long-Hard Bangsaen Road, Saensook Municipality, Muang, Chonburi Province 20131,
Thailand
- Correspondence:
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Kostoff RN, Briggs MB, Kanduc D, Shores DR, Kovatsi L, Vardavas AI, Porter AL. Common contributing factors to COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1616-1637. [PMID: 34485092 PMCID: PMC8406546 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The devastating complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) result from an individual's dysfunctional immune response following the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Multiple toxic stressors and behaviors contribute to underlying immune system dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 exploits the dysfunctional immune system to trigger a chain of events ultimately leading to COVID-19. We have previously identified many contributing factors (CFs) (representing toxic exposure, lifestyle factors and psychosocial stressors) common to myriad chronic diseases. We hypothesized significant overlap between CFs associated with COVID-19 and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), because of the strong role immune dysfunction plays in each disease. A streamlined dot-product approach was used to identify potential CFs to COVID-19 and IBD. Of the fifty CFs to COVID-19 that were validated for demonstration purposes, approximately half had direct impact on COVID-19 (the CF and COVID-19 were mentioned in the same record; i.e., CF---→COVID-19), and the other half had indirect impact. The nascent character of the COVID-19 core literature (∼ one year old) did not allow sufficient time for the direct impacts of many CFs on COVID-19 to be identified. Therefore, an immune system dysfunction (ID) literature directly related to the COVID-19 core literature was used to augment the COVID-19 core literature and provide the remaining CFs that impacted COVID-19 indirectly (i.e., CF---→immune system dysfunction---→COVID-19). Approximately 13000 potential CFs for myriad diseases (obtained from government and university toxic substance lists) served as the starting point for the dot-product identification process. These phrases were intersected (dot-product) with phrases extracted from a PubMed-derived IBD core literature, a nascent COVID-19 core literature, and the COVID-19-related immune system dysfunction (ID) core literature to identify common ID/COVID-19 and IBD CFs. Approximately 3000 potential CFs common to both ID and IBD, almost 2300 potential CFs common to ID and COVID-19, and over 1900 potential CFs common to IBD and COVID-19 were identified. As proof of concept, we validated fifty of these ∼3000 overlapping ID/IBD candidate CFs with biologic plausibility. We further validated 24 of the fifty as common CFs in the IBD and nascent COVID-19 core literatures. This significant finding demonstrated that the CFs indirectly related to COVID-19 -- identified with use of the immune system dysfunction literature -- are strong candidates to emerge eventually as CFs directly related to COVID-19. As discussed in the main text, many more CFs common to all these core literatures could be identified and validated. ID and IBD share many common risk/contributing factors, including behaviors and toxic exposures that impair immune function. A key component to immune system health is removal of those factors that contribute to immune system dysfunction in the first place. This requires a paradigm shift from traditional Western medicine, which often focuses on treatment, rather than prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Neil Kostoff
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Gainesville, VA, 20155, United States
| | | | - Darja Kanduc
- Dept. of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
| | - Darla Roye Shores
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, United States
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Alexander I. Vardavas
- Laboratory of Toxicology & Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Alan L. Porter
- R&D, Search Technology, Inc., Peachtree Corners, GA, 30092, United States
- School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States
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da Silva THG, Gastaldi AC, Santos MK, de Martinis BS, Baddini-Martinez J. Induced sputum abnormalities in gas station attendants. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 95:341-349. [PMID: 34435248 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01755-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate inflammatory changes in the induced sputum (IS) of gas station attendants (GSAs) at risk of exposure to fuel vapors through inhalation and susceptible to respiratory complaints and impaired lung function. METHODS Hypertonic saline-IS was collected from 52 GSAs who had never smoked (42 men, age = 35.9 ± 8.9 years) and had no known comorbidities. A group of 22 non-smokers (11 men, age = 30.5 ± 5.1 years) selected from the University staff served as control. The GSAs answered a questionnaire and underwent spirometry and chest tomography. A total of 15 inflammatory biomarkers associated with inflammation, including cytokines, chemokines, and mediators of immunological response, were also measured. RESULTS The most common symptoms of GSAs were coughing (42.3%) and dyspnea (59.6%) based on the New York Heart Association (NYHA; Class II) classification. Significant elevations (p < 0.05) in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume within the first second were observed in the GSAs relative to those in the controls (GSA vs. control: 99 ± 12% vs. 90 ± 9% and 94 ± 11% vs. 87 ± 10%, respectively). The GSAs had a lower percentage of IS lymphocytes than that in the control group (4.5 ± 5.7% vs. 7.7 ± 9.8%). The GSAs also had significantly lower concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12P70, IFN-γ, and MIP-1α, but IL-3 levels were higher. No differences were observed in the airway thickness and the amount of emphysema between the GSAs and the controls. CONCLUSION Despite normal lung function and absence of abnormalities on HRCT, GSAs have a higher frequency of respiratory complaints, with evidence of impairment of lymphocytic activity in the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Henrique Garcia da Silva
- Internal Medicine Department. Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil
| | - Ada Clarice Gastaldi
- Department of Health Sciences, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcel Koenigkam Santos
- Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology and Oncology, Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Spinosa de Martinis
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Languages of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Baddini-Martinez
- Internal Medicine Department. Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 14048-900, Brazil.
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11
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Genetic polymorphisms of base excision repair gene XRCC1 and susceptibility to benzene among employees of chemical industries. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Norjannah S, Wulandari RA, Asyary A. Benzene Exposure Analysis through S-Phenylmercapturic Acid in Urine at Platelet Levels in Footwear Workers in Sukajaya Village, Bogor Regency. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.5783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Benzene is a toxic and carcinogenic compound whose presence in glue is endangering the health of workers in footwear workshops. One of its negative effects is its disruption of the bone marrow, which is where red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are produced.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of benzene exposure with platelet levels in workers through examination of S-phenylmercapturic acid (S-PMA) concentrations in urine.
METHODS: The design of the study was cross sectional, with 73 workers used as samples. The concentration of S-PMA was measured using Liquid chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry and platelet counts using an automated hematology analyzer. Direct interview was used to retrieve workers’ individual characteristics.
RESULTS: The results showed an odds ratio (OR) value of 2.28 for correlation between S-PMA concentration and platelet levels. The results also showed an OR value of 1.58 for correlation between non-routine exercise habits and platelet levels and an OR value of 1.78 for correlation between alcohol consumption and platelet levels. Multivariable logistic regression test results showed an OR of 2.59 for workers with S-PMA concentration (>0.67 μg/g creatinine) on platelet counts after controlling for the variables of age and alcohol consumption.
CONCLUSION: The study’s main recommendation is that information about the dangers of benzene in glue to health and how to avoid it should be disseminated to prevent benzene exposure.
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Poça KSD, Giardini I, Silva PVB, Geraldino BR, Bellomo A, Alves JA, Conde TR, Zamith HPDS, Otero UB, Ferraris FK, Friedrich K, Sarpa M. Gasoline-station workers in Brazil: Benzene exposure; Genotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Mutat Res 2021; 865:503322. [PMID: 33865537 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to benzene is a risk factor for hematological malignancies. Gasoline-station workers are exposed to benzene in gasoline, via both inhalation and dermal contact (attendants and managers) or inhalation (workers in the on-site convenience stores and offices). We have studied the exposure of these workers to benzene and the resulting genotoxic and immunotoxic effects. Levels of urinary trans, trans-muconic acid were higher among gasoline-station workers than among office workers with no known exposure to benzene (comparison group). Among the exposed workers, we observed statistically significant biological effects, including elevated DNA damage (comet assay); higher frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds (CBMN assay); lower levels of T-helper lymphocytes and naive Th lymphocytes; lower CD4 / CD8 ratio; and higher levels of NK cells and memory Th lymphocytes. Both groups of exposed workers (inhalation and inhalation + dermal routes) showed similar genotoxic and immunotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Soares da Poça
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Giardini
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Paula Vieira Baptista Silva
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Barbara Rodrigues Geraldino
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Antonella Bellomo
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Julia Araújo Alves
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
| | - Taline Ramos Conde
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Helena Pereira da Silva Zamith
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Ubirani Barros Otero
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil.
| | - Fausto Klabund Ferraris
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (INCQS/FIOCRUZ) - Avenida Brasil, 4365 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, DFT/INCQS/FIOCRUZ, CEP 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Karen Friedrich
- Centro de Estudos em Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ) - Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinho, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21041-210, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Sarpa
- Área Técnica Ambiente, Trabalho e Câncer, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rua Marquês do Pombal, 125/5º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20230-240, Brazil; Laboratório de Mutagênese Ambiental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) - Rua Frei Caneca, 94/4º andar - Centro, Rio de Janeiro. CEP 20211-010, Brazil.
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Rahimi Moghadam S, Afshari M, Ganjali A, Moosazadeh M. Effect of occupational exposure to petrol and gasoline components on liver and renal biochemical parameters among gas station attendants, a review and meta-analysis. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:517-530. [PMID: 32853169 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2019-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kidney and liver are of the most affected organs during permanent exposure to petrol and gasoline components in gas stations. This study aims to investigate the renal and liver involvements in these workers using meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Science direct, ISI web of science, and Google scholar motor engine were searched using Mesh terms of the relevant keywords. Screening of titles, abstracts and full texts was continued until the eligible articles meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected. Quality assessment was conducted using NOS (Newcastle-Ottawa Quality score). The pooled standard mean difference of the renal and liver indices between exposed/unexposed groups was estimated using Stata ver. 11 software. RESULTS In this systematic review, 22 papers were entered. The pooled standard mean difference (95% confidence interval) between exposed and unexposed groups was estimated as of 0.74 (0.28, 1.21) for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 2.44 (1.80, 3.08) for aspartate transaminase (AST), 2.06 (1.42, 2.69) for alanine transaminase (ALT), 0.10 (-0.09, 0.29) for total Bilirubin (TB), 0.74 (-0.42, -1.90) for total protein (TP), -0.49 (-0.82, -0.15) for albumin, 0.88 (-0.10, 1.87) for uric acid, 1.02 (0.45, 1.59) for creatinine and 1.44 (0.75, 2.13) for blood urea nitrogen (BUN). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis showed that the serum AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, total bilirubin, BUN, uric acid and creatinine levels were higher among workers exposed to petrol and gasoline than control group, while albumin was lower in the serum of the exposed workers. Therefore, occupational exposure to gasoline stations can create adverse effects on kidney and liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rahimi Moghadam
- Department of Occupational Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Ganjali
- Student Research Committee, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Schnatter AR, Rooseboom M, Kocabas NA, North CM, Dalzell A, Twisk J, Faulhammer F, Rushton E, Boogaard PJ, Ostapenkaite V, Williams SD. Derivation of an occupational exposure limit for benzene using epidemiological study quality assessment tools. Toxicol Lett 2020; 334:117-144. [PMID: 32497562 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper derives an occupational exposure limit for benzene using quality assessed data. Seventy-seven genotoxicity and 36 haematotoxicity studies in workers were scored for study quality with an adapted tool based on that of Vlaanderen et al., 2008 (Environ Health. Perspect. 116 1700-5). These endpoints were selected as they are the most sensitive and relevant to the proposed mode of action (MOA) and protecting against these will protect against benzene carcinogenicity. Lowest and No- Adverse Effect Concentrations (LOAECs and NOAECs) were derived from the highest quality studies (i.e. those ranked in the top tertile or top half) and further assessed as being "more certain" or "less certain". Several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess whether alternative "high quality" constructs affected conclusions. The lowest haematotoxicity LOAECs showed effects near 2 ppm (8 h TWA), and no effects at 0.59 ppm. For genotoxicity, studies also showed effects near 2 ppm and showed no effects at about 0.69 ppm. Several sensitivity analyses supported these observations. These data define a benzene LOAEC of 2 ppm (8 h TWA) and a NOAEC of 0.5 ppm (8 h TWA). Allowing for possible subclinical effects in bone marrow not apparent in studies of peripheral blood endpoints, an OEL of 0.25 ppm (8 h TWA) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colin M North
- ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc, Annandale, NJ, USA
| | | | - Johannes Twisk
- Dow Chemical International Pvt. Ltd, Terneuzen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Erik Rushton
- Basell Service Company B.V., Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Guo H, Ahn S, Zhang L. Benzene-associated immunosuppression and chronic inflammation in humans: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2020; 78:oemed-2020-106517. [PMID: 32938756 PMCID: PMC7960562 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-106517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent evidence has accumulated that the immune system is intimately intertwined with cancer development. Two key characteristics of carcinogens in which the immune system plays a central role are chronic inflammation and immunosuppression. In this systematic review, we investigated the association of chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive outcomes with benzene, a widely used industrial chemical. Benzene has been confirmed to cause acute myeloid leukaemia and suspected to cause non-Hodgkin lymphoma, two cancers of the blood-forming system that affect immune cells. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for all relevant studies using a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and selected key words. The detailed review protocol, including search strategy, was registered with PROSPERO, the international prospective register of systematic reviews (#CRD42019138611). RESULTS Based on all human studies selected in the final review, we report new evidence of a benzene-induced immunosuppressive effect on the adaptive immune system and activation of the innate immune system to cause inflammation. In particular, benzene significantly lowers the number of white blood cells, particularly lymphocytes such as CD4+ T-cells, B-cells and natural killer cells, and increases proinflammatory biomarkers at low levels of exposure. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of benzene's immunotoxicity in humans. Based on results obtained from this review, we propose two potential immunotoxic mechanisms of how benzene induces leukaemia/lymphoma: (1) cancer invasion caused by proinflammatory cytokine production, and (2) cancer promotion via impaired immunosurveillance. Further studies will be required to confirm the connection between benzene exposure and its effects on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Guo
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Stacy Ahn
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Luoping Zhang
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Brum EDS, da Silva LM, Teixeira TP, Moreira LDR, Kober H, Lavall MC, Silva JÉPD, Piana M, Lenz LS, da Cruz IBM, Duarte T, Duarte MMMF, Brandão R. DNA damage and inflammatory response in workers exposed to fuels and paints. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:152-162. [PMID: 32614680 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1783502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Workers exposed to fuels and paints may present alterations in several parameters. Thus, we assessed potential biomarkers, with the aim of detecting early changes in gasoline station attendants and painters. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of inflammatory and DNA damage markers, besides biochemical, haematological and oxidative stress parameters. Biochemical and haematological parameters, which are assessed with routine exams, showed few changes. However, these findings could mask the workers' real health status. Besides, markers of oxidative damage were not modified. Levels of inflammatory parameters (cytokines and nitric oxide levels) and the DNA damage marker 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were significantly changed in the workers. Our results suggest that inflammatory and DNA damage parameters can be potential biomarkers for the biological monitoring of workers exposed to fuels and paints and may contribute to the development of occupational protection standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne da Silva Brum
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Lílian Marquezini da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Taiane Piccini Teixeira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laís da Rosa Moreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Helena Kober
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marinês Calegari Lavall
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - José Édson Paz da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana Piana
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Suéling Lenz
- Department of Morphology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Duarte
- Department of Morphology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Brandão
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Epimedium Polysaccharide Ameliorates Benzene-Induced Aplastic Anemia in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5637507. [PMID: 32256652 PMCID: PMC7106868 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5637507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Benzene (BZ) is an important occupational and environmental pollutant. Exposure to BZ may cause aplastic anemia which is characterized as bone marrow hematopoietic failure. In order to reduce the harmful effects of this pollutant, it is necessary to identify additional preventative measures. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of epimedium polysaccharide (EPS), a natural compound with antioxidant and immune-enhancing potency, on aplastic anemia induced by benzene exposure in mice. Male CD-1 mice were randomly divided into five groups including control, BZ (880 mg/kg), LE (EPS low-dose, 20 mg/kg + BZ), ME (EPS middle-dose, 100 mg/kg + BZ), and HE (EPS high-dose, 200 mg/kg + BZ) groups. Animals were exposed to BZ by subcutaneous injection in the presence or absence of EPS via oral administration. All mice were treated 3 times a week for 8 consecutive weeks to develop a mouse model of benzene-induced aplastic anemia (BIAA). Results showed that BZ induced a significant decrease in both white and red blood cells, platelet counts, and hemoglobin level compared with that in the control group (p < 0.01). Treatment of EPS led to a protective effect against these changes particularly in the highest-dose group (HE, p < 0.01). EPS also recovered the decreased number of nucleated cells in peripheral blood cell smears and femur biopsies by BZ exposure. The increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) in mice from the BZ group was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in the mice from the highest concentration of EPS (HE) group when compared with that from the control group. In addition, BZ exposure led to a significant increase in the apoptosis rate in BMMNCs which was prevented by EPS in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The antiapoptosis effect of EPS was through reversing apoptotic proteins such as BAX, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Finally, EPS treatment partially restored the levels of T cells and the different subtypes except CD80+ and CD86+ compared with the BZ group (HE, p < 0.05). These results suggest that EPS has protective effects against BIAA via antioxidative stress, immune modulation, and antiapoptosis mechanisms.
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Lian Z, Hu Z, Xian H, Jiang R, Huang H, Jiang Y, Zheng Z, Lloyd RS, Yuan J, Sha Y, Wang S, Hu D. Exosomes derived from normal human bronchial epithelial cells down-regulate proliferation and migration of hydroquinone-transformed malignant recipient cells via up-regulating PTEN expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125496. [PMID: 31812062 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The gene encoding the tumor suppressor, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), located on chromosome 10, is frequently expressed at low levels in various tumors, resulting in the stimulation of cell proliferation and migration. However, the role of exosomal PTEN in cell-cell communication during the progress of benzene-induced carcinogenesis remains unclear. The goal of this study was to explore whether exosomes derived from normal human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) could transmit PTEN to hydroquinone-transformed malignant recipient cells (16HBE-t) and its possible effects on cell proliferation and migration. Consistent with PTEN expression being down-regulated in transformed cells, we found that its expression was significantly decreased in 16HBE-t relative to 16HBE cells and that purified exosomes secreted by 16HBE, up-regulated PTEN levels in recipient 16HBE-t cells. Thus, down-regulating their proliferation and migration. Further, when exosomes derived from 16HBE cells that had been treated with the PTEN inhibitor SF1670, were incubated with recipient 16HBE-t cells, they exhibited decreased PTEN levels, with a corresponding increase in their proliferation and migration. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that exosomes derived from 16HBE cells can down-regulate proliferation and migration of recipient 16HBE-t cells via transferring PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Lian
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zuqing Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Hongyi Xian
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ran Jiang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haoyu Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yunxia Jiang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhongdaixi Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - R Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S. W. Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jianhui Yuan
- Nanshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518054, China
| | - Yan Sha
- Institute of Occupational Disease, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Sanming Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, SAR, Macau, China
| | - Dalin Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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20
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Sun R, Xu K, Ji S, Pu Y, Man Z, Ji J, Chen M, Yin L, Zhang J, Pu Y. Benzene exposure induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorder in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135879. [PMID: 31972927 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota comprises a multispecies microbial community and is essential for maintaining health. Benzene is a widespread environmental and occupational pollutant that mainly causes blood and bone marrow abnormalities. However, the effects of benzene on gut microbiota and metabolism have not yet been investigated. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0, 6, 30 and 150 mg/kg benzene by subcutaneous injection for 30 days. We observed that white blood cell levels significantly decreased in the three benzene exposure groups, while red blood cell and hemoglobin levels were only changed remarkably in 30 and 150 mg/kg benzene-treated mice. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that benzene exposure altered the overall structure of the gut microbial communities. In addition, significant enrichments of Actinobacteria (p < .05) at the phylum level and Helicobacter at the genus level were observed in the cecal contents and feces of mice exposed to 150 mg/kg benzene. Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between Actinobacteria abundance and basic blood indicators, including white blood cell, red blood cell, and hemoglobin levels. Furthermore, according to LC-MS analysis, a total of 42 cecal metabolites were significantly altered by 150 mg/kg benzene. Several metabolic pathways were significantly influenced by benzene exposure, including cysteine and methionine metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and arginine and proline metabolism. In summary, this study demonstrated that benzene exposure causes dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and metabolic disorder in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuangbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunqiu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaodi Man
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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He J, Zang S, Liu N, Ji M, Ma D, Ji C. Epimedium polysaccharides attenuates hematotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing immune function in mice model of benzene-induced bone marrow failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109908. [PMID: 32014688 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic benzene (BZ) exposure is associated with multiple adverse health effects and leads to progressive bone marrow failure (BMF). BZ-induced BMF is an acquired aplastic anemia characterized by severe anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, which is likely caused by immunotoxicity and oxidative stress. Previous studies showed that Epimedium polysaccharides (EPS), a natural and major herbal compound derived from Epimedium, has immunomodulatory and antioxidant potential. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of EPS against BZ-induced BMF. BMF mouse model was established by subcutaneous injection of 2 ml/kg BZ in CD1 mice. Mice received daily oral treatment with 100 mg/kg high-dose EPS and 20 mg/kg low-dose EPS for four weeks. Our data showed that EPS treatment alleviated BZ-associated weight loss and increased the number of whole blood cells in peripheral blood and nucleated cells in bone marrow. Furthermore, EPS treatment decreased apoptotic rate and reactive oxygen species production, S-phase arrest in bone marrow cells. Finally, EPS treatment improved T cell-mediated immune suppression by increasing CD3+, CD4 + T-cell counts, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio. and modulated hematopoietic cytokines including EPO, IL-11, and IL-2 in peripheral blood. Our study suggests that EPS is a potential therapeutic target to attenuate hematotoxicity induced by BZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin He
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China; Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Shaolei Zang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China.
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China; Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Min Ji
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
| | - Chunyan Ji
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, PR China
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22
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Moro AM, Sauer E, Brucker N, Charão MF, Gauer B, do Nascimento SN, Goethel G, Duarte MMMF, Garcia SC. Evaluation of immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers in gasoline station attendants. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 20:75. [PMID: 31852532 PMCID: PMC6921377 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-019-0355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gasoline is a complex mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, in which aromatic compounds, such as BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene) feature as the main constituents. Simultaneous exposure to these aromatic hydrocarbons causes a significant impact on benzene toxicity. In order to detect early alterations caused in gasoline station attendants exposed to BTX compounds, immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. Methods A total of 66 male subjects participated in this study. The gasoline station attendants (GSA) group consisted of 38 gasoline station attendants from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The non-exposed group consisted of 28 subjects who were non-smokers and who had no history of occupational exposure. Environmental and biological monitoring of BTX exposure was performed using blood and urine. Results The GSA group showed increased BTX concentrations in relation to the non-exposed group (p < 0.001). The GSA group showed elevated protein carbonyl (PCO) levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased expression of CD80 and CD86 in monocytes, and reduced glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.05). BTX levels and trans,trans-muconic acid levels were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with interleukin-10 contents (p < 0.001). Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were accompanied by increased PCO contents and decreased GST activity (p < 0.001). Furthermore, according to the multiple linear regression analysis, benzene exposure was the only factor that significantly contributed to the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05). Conclusions Taken together, these findings show the influence of exposure to BTX compounds, especially benzene, on the immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers evaluated. Furthermore, the data suggest the relationship among the evaluated biomarkers of effect, which could contribute to providing early signs of damage to biomolecules in subjects occupationally exposed to BTX compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Moro
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Specialized Faculty in the Health Area of Rio Grande do Sul (FASURGS), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisa Sauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Health Sciences Institute, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gauer
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Nunes do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Goethel
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90610-000, Brazil
| | | | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. .,Post-graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP: 90610-000, Brazil.
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23
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Knudsen AKS, Long M, Pedersen HS, Bonefeld-Jørgensen EC. Persistent organic pollutants and haematological markers in Greenlandic pregnant women: the ACCEPT sub-study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2019; 77:1456303. [PMID: 29595373 PMCID: PMC5912198 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2018.1456303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Arctic populations have high blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Exposure to POPs was related to adverse health effects e.g. immune, neurological and reproductive systems. This study investigates associations between serum POP levels and haematological markers in Greenlandic pregnant women. This cross-sectional study included 189 women enrolled in 2010–2011 at the Greenlandic West coast by the inclusion criteria ≥18 years of age and had lived for 50% or more of their life in Greenland. The associations between the sum of the POP variables polychlorinated biphenyls (sumPCBs), organochlorine pesticides (sumOCPs), perfluoroalkylated substances (sumPFASs) and 24 haematological markers were analysed using linear regression adjusted for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, gestation week, plasma-cotinine and alcohol intake. It showed a significantly inverse association between several haematological markers (eosinophil, lymphocyte, neutrophil and white blood cells) and sumPCBs, sumOCPs and sumPFASs. In addition, the monocyte, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, plateletcrit and platelet count markers were significantly inversely associated with sumPFASs, but the haematocrit and mean erythrocyte corpuscular volume were positively associated with sumPFASs. In conclusion, exposure to POPs influenced several haematological markers, especially cell count parameters, suggesting immunosuppressive potential of POPs in Greenlandic pregnant women. The data need further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane-Kersti Skaarup Knudsen
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.,b Emergency Department , Regional Hospital of Randers , Randers , Denmark
| | - Manhai Long
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen
- a Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health , Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark.,d Greenland Center for Health Research , University of Greenland , Nuuk , Greenland
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24
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Schiffman C, McHale CM, Hubbard AE, Zhang L, Thomas R, Vermeulen R, Li G, Shen M, Rappaport SM, Yin S, Lan Q, Smith MT, Rothman N. Identification of gene expression predictors of occupational benzene exposure. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205427. [PMID: 30300410 PMCID: PMC6177191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, using microarrays and mRNA-Sequencing (mRNA-Seq) we found that occupational exposure to a range of benzene levels perturbed gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. OBJECTIVES In the current study, we sought to identify gene expression biomarkers predictive of benzene exposure below 1 part per million (ppm), the occupational standard in the U.S. METHODS First, we used the nCounter platform to validate altered expression of 30 genes in 33 unexposed controls and 57 subjects exposed to benzene (<1 to ≥5 ppm). Second, we used SuperLearner (SL) to identify a minimal number of genes for which altered expression could predict <1 ppm benzene exposure, in 44 subjects with a mean air benzene level of 0.55±0.248 ppm (minimum 0.203ppm). RESULTS nCounter and microarray expression levels were highly correlated (coefficients >0.7, p<0.05) for 26 microarray-selected genes. nCounter and mRNA-Seq levels were poorly correlated for 4 mRNA-Seq-selected genes. Using negative binomial regression with adjustment for covariates and multiple testing, we confirmed differential expression of 23 microarray-selected genes in the entire benzene-exposed group, and 27 genes in the <1 ppm-exposed subgroup, compared with the control group. Using SL, we identified 3 pairs of genes that could predict <1 ppm benzene exposure with cross-validated AUC estimates >0.9 (p<0.0001) and were not predictive of other exposures (nickel, arsenic, smoking, stress). The predictive gene pairs are PRG2/CLEC5A, NFKBI/CLEC5A, and ACSL1/CLEC5A. They play roles in innate immunity and inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS Using nCounter and SL, we validated the altered expression of multiple mRNAs by benzene and identified gene pairs predictive of exposure to benzene at levels below the US occupational standard of 1ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Schiffman
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Cliona M. McHale
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Alan E. Hubbard
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Reuben Thomas
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute of Risk assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Guilan Li
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Min Shen
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stephen M. Rappaport
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Songnian Yin
- Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Lan
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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25
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Sauer E, Gauer B, Nascimento S, Nardi J, Göethel G, Costa B, Correia D, Matte U, Charão M, Arbo M, Duschl A, Moro A, Garcia SC. The role of B7 costimulation in benzene immunotoxicity and its potential association with cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 166:91-99. [PMID: 29883905 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is a recognized human carcinogen; however, there are still some gaps in the knowledge regarding the mechanism of toxicity of this organic solvent and potential early biomarkers for the damage caused by it. In a previous study, our research group demonstrated that the adhesion molecules of the immune system (B7.1 and B7.2) could be potential biomarkers in the early detection of immunotoxicity caused by benzene exposure. Therefore, this study was developed to deepen the understanding regarding this important topic, aiming to contribute to the comprehension of the benzene toxicity mechanism mediated by B7.1 and B7.2 and its potential association with the risk of carcinogenicity. B7.1 and B7.2 protein expression in blood monocytes and B7.1 and B7.2 gene expression in PBMCs were evaluated. Additionally, complement C3 and C4 levels in serum were measured, as well as p53 gene expression in PBMCs. Seventy-four gas station workers (GSW group) and 71 non-occupationally exposed subjects (NEG) were evaluated. Our results demonstrated decreased levels of B7.1 and B7.2 protein and gene expression in the GSW group compared to the NEG (n = 71) (p < 0.01). Along the same lines, decreased levels of the complement system were observed in the GSW group (p < 0.01), demonstrating the impairment of this immune system pathway as well. Additionally, a reduction was observed in p53 gene expression in the GSA group (p < 0.01). These alterations were associated with both the benzene exposure biomarker evaluated, urinary trans, trans-muconic acid, and with exposure time (p < 0.05). Moreover, strong correlations were observed between the gene expression of p53 vs. B7.1 (r = 0.830; p < 0.001), p53 vs. B7.2 (r = 0.685; p < 0.001), and B7.1 vs. B7.2 (r = 0.702; p < 0.001). Taken together, these results demonstrate that the immune system co-stimulatory molecule pathway is affected by benzene exposure. Also, the decrease in p53 gene expression, even at low exposure levels, reinforces the carcinogenicity effect of benzene in this pathway. Therefore, our results suggest that the promotion of immune evasion together with a decrease in p53 gene expression may play an important role in the benzene toxicity mechanism. However, further and targeted studies are needed to confirm this proposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Sauer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Gauer
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Nascimento
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessica Nardi
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Costa
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Douglas Correia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariele Charão
- Instituto de Ciências das Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Arbo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Albert Duschl
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angela Moro
- Faculdade Especializada na Área de Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Skamvetsakis A, Santi R, Rocha LHPD, Brettas FZ, Fagundes PDS, Moura-Correa MJ. Exposição ao benzeno em postos de combustíveis: estratégia de ações integradas de Vigilância em Saúde do Trabalhador na região dos Vales/RS. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/2317-6369000126015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Introdução: O benzeno é uma importante fonte de contaminação ambiental e está presente na composição da gasolina, expondo trabalhadores de Postos de Revenda de Combustíveis (PRC) a intoxicações. Objetivo: relatar experiências de vigilância da exposição ao benzeno do Centro de Referência em Saúde do Trabalhador da região dos Vales/RS. Métodos: a vigilância no território incluiu o mapeamento regional dos PRC, ações intrasetoriais, intersetoriais e interinstitucionais, inspeção nos locais de trabalho, desenvolvimento de instrumento de intervenção específico para esse ramo produtivo - Notificação Recomendatória, avaliações individuais dos trabalhadores - e outras abordagens visando intervir nos ambientes com exposição ao benzeno. Resultados: foram observadas alterações em biomarcadores de efeito e de exposição, além de inadequações dos PRC no monitoramento clínico e laboratorial dos trabalhadores. Nos ambientes e processos de trabalho ficaram evidentes situações que ampliam a exposição: inadequações nas pistas de abastecimento, uso de “flanela”, inexistência ou insuficiência de medidas de proteção coletivas, ausência de medição eletrônica dos tanques e de higienização dos uniformes por parte das empresas, dentre outras. Conclusão: as experiências desencadeadas por meio de ações integradas no setor saúde demonstraram a potencialidade benéfica da vigilância da exposição ao benzeno em PRC.
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Jiménez-Garza O, Guo L, Byun HM, Carrieri M, Bartolucci GB, Zhong J, Baccarelli AA. Promoter methylation status in genes related with inflammation, nitrosative stress and xenobiotic metabolism in low-level benzene exposure: Searching for biomarkers of oncogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:669-676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Application of Mineral Sorbents for Removal of Petroleum Substances: A Review. MINERALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/min7030037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Moro AM, Brucker N, Charão MF, Baierle M, Sauer E, Goethel G, Barth A, Nascimento SN, Gauer B, Durgante J, Amaral BS, Neto FR, Gioda A, Garcia SC. Biomonitoring of gasoline station attendants exposed to benzene: Effect of gender. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 813:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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