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Talbott EO, Malek AM, Arena VC, Wu F, Steffes K, Sharma RK, Buchanich J, Rager JR, Bear T, Hoffman CA, Lacomis D, Donnelly C, Mauna J, Vena JE. Case-control study of environmental toxins and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis involving the national ALS registry. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:533-542. [PMID: 38591179 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2024.2336108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurotoxic chemicals are suggested in the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We examined the association of environmental and occupational risk factors including persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and ALS risk among cases from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National ALS Registry and age, sex, and county-matched controls. METHODS Participants completed a risk factor survey and provided a blood sample for OCP measurement. ALS cases were confirmed through the Registry. Conditional logistic regression assessed associations between ALS and risk factors including OCP levels. RESULTS 243 matched case-control pairs (61.7% male, mean [SD] age = 62.9 [10.1]) were included. Fifteen of the 29 OCPs examined had sufficient detectable levels for analysis. Modest correlations of self-reported years of exposure to residential pesticide mixtures and OCP serum levels were found (p<.001). Moreover, occupational exposure to lead including soldering and welding with lead/metal dust and use of lead paint/gasoline were significantly related to ALS risk (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.11-2.83). Avocational gardening was a significant risk factor for ALS (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.04-2.37). ALS risk increased for each 10 ng/g of α-Endosulfan (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.14-1.77) and oxychlordane (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.01-1.53). Heptachlor (detectable vs. nondetectable) was also associated with ALS risk (OR = 3.57, 95% CI: 1.50-8.52). CONCLUSION This national case-control study revealed both survey and serum levels of OCPs as risk factors for ALS. Despite the United States banning many OCPs in the 1970s and 1980s, their use abroad and long half-lives continue to exert possible neurotoxic health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn O Talbott
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Angela M Malek
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Vincent C Arena
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristen Steffes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ravi K Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jeanine Buchanich
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judith R Rager
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Todd Bear
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caroline A Hoffman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Lacomis
- Departments of Neurology and Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, and
| | - Chris Donnelly
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jocelyn Mauna
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John E Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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2
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Du B, Deng Q, Luo D, Chen H, Wu W, Liang B, Zhu H, Zeng L. Ubiquity of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants in Children's Cerebrospinal Fluid from South China: First Evidence for Their Penetration across the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:8289-8298. [PMID: 38687905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs) and relevant transformation products (TPs) are potentially neurotoxic pollutants to which humans are widely exposed. However, their penetration behavior across the brain barrier and associated exposure to the central nervous system (CNS) remain unknown. This study is the first to investigate a wide range of 30 SPAs and TPs, including emerging SPAs, in matched serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from children in Guangzhou, China. Sixty-two children of either sex aged <14 years with nonbloody CSF and complete clinical information were included. The findings demonstrated the ubiquitous occurrence of many SPAs and TPs, particularly BHT, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (DBP), AO 1010, AO 1076, BHT-Q, and BHT-quinol, not only in serum but also in the CSF. Median total concentrations of SPAs and TPs were up to 22.0 and 2.63 ng/mL in serum and 14.5 and 2.11 ng/mL in CSF, respectively. On calculating the penetration efficiencies across the blood-CSF barrier (BCSFB) (RCSF/serum, CCSF/Cserum) for selected SPAs and TPs, their RCSF/serum values (median 0.52-1.41) were highly related to their physicochemical properties, indicating that passive diffusion may be the potential mechanism of BCSFB penetration. In addition, the RCSF/serum values were positively correlated with the barrier permeability index RAlb (AlbuminCSF/Albuminserum), indicating that barrier integrity is an important determinant of BCSFB penetration. Overall, these results will improve our perception of human internal exposure to SPAs and lay a solid foundation for assessing the risk of CNS exposure to various SPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibai Du
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Qing Deng
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
| | - Weixiang Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Bowen Liang
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lixi Zeng
- College of Environment and Climate, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- School of Resources and Environmental Science, Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou 362000, China
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3
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Goutman SA, Savelieff MG, Jang DG, Hur J, Feldman EL. The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exposome: recent advances and future directions. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:617-634. [PMID: 37709948 PMCID: PMC11027963 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-023-00867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease of motor neuron degeneration with typical survival of only 2-5 years from diagnosis. The causes of ALS are multifactorial: known genetic mutations account for only around 70% of cases of familial ALS and 15% of sporadic cases, and heritability estimates range from 8% to 61%, indicating additional causes beyond genetics. Consequently, interest has grown in environmental contributions to ALS risk and progression. The gene-time-environment hypothesis posits that ALS onset occurs through an interaction of genes with environmental exposures during ageing. An alternative hypothesis, the multistep model of ALS, suggests that several hits, at least some of which could be environmental, are required to trigger disease onset, even in the presence of highly penetrant ALS-associated mutations. Studies have sought to characterize the ALS exposome - the lifetime accumulation of environmental exposures that increase disease risk and affect progression. Identifying the full scope of environmental toxicants that enhance ALS risk raises the prospect of preventing disease by eliminating or mitigating exposures. In this Review, we summarize the evidence for an ALS exposome, discussing the strengths and limitations of epidemiological studies that have identified contributions from various sources. We also consider potential mechanisms of exposure-mediated toxicity and suggest future directions for ALS exposome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Goutman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Masha G Savelieff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Dae-Gyu Jang
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Eva L Feldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- NeuroNetwork for Emerging Therapies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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4
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Solovyev N, Lucio M, Mandrioli J, Forcisi S, Kanawati B, Uhl J, Vinceti M, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Michalke B. Interplay of Metallome and Metabolome in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Study on Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients Carrying Disease-Related Gene Mutations. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3035-3046. [PMID: 37608584 PMCID: PMC10485893 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by a loss of function of upper and lower motor neurons. This study aimed to explore probable pathological alterations occurring in individuals with ALS compared to neurologically healthy controls through the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a medium, which directly interacts with brain parenchyma. A total of 7 ALS patients with disease-associated mutations (ATXN2, C9ORF72, FUS, SOD1, and TARDBP) and 13 controls were included in the study. Multiple analytical approaches were employed, including metabolomic and metallomics profiling, as well as genetic screening, using CSF samples obtained from the brain compartment. Data analysis involved the application of multivariate statistical methods. Advanced hyphenated selenium and redox metal (iron, copper, and manganese) speciation techniques and nontargeted Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry-based metabolomics were used for data acquisition. Nontargeted metabolomics showed reduced steroids, including sex hormones; additionally, copper and manganese species were found to be the most relevant features for ALS patients. This indicates a potential alteration of sex hormone pathways in the ALS-affected brain, as reflected in the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Solovyev
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marianna Lucio
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department
of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department
of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria
di Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Forcisi
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Basem Kanawati
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Uhl
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN
Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology,
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Analytical
BioGeoChemistry Research Unit, Helmholtz
Center Munich—German Research Center for Environmental Health
GmbH, Ingolstädter
Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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5
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Zhao KX, Zhang MY, Yang D, Zhu RS, Zhang ZF, Hu YH, Kannan K. Screening of pesticides in serum, urine and cerebrospinal fluid collected from an urban population in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131002. [PMID: 36801718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to pesticides is a topic of public health concern for decades. Pesticide exposures have been assessed through the analysis of urine or blood matrices, but little is known on the accumulation of these chemicals in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF plays an important role in maintaining physical and chemical balance of the brain and central nervous system and any perturbation can have adverse effects on health. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of 222 pesticides in CSF from 91 individuals using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Measured pesticide concentrations in CSF were compared with those in 100 serum and urine specimens from individuals living in the same urban location. Twenty pesticides were found in CSF, serum and urine, at levels above the limit of detection. Three most frequently detected pesticides in CSF were biphenyl (100%), diphenylamine (75%), and hexachlorobenzene (63%). Median concentrations of biphenyl in CSF, serum and urine were 1.11, 10.6, and 1.10 ng/mL, respectively. Six triazole fungicides were found only in CSF, but not in other matrices. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report pesticide concentrations in CSF in a general urban population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xin Zhao
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment/School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ming-Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Rong-Shu Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment/School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Ying-Hua Hu
- International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Heilongjiang Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases/The Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150028, China
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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6
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Cresto N, Forner-Piquer I, Baig A, Chatterjee M, Perroy J, Goracci J, Marchi N. Pesticides at brain borders: Impact on the blood-brain barrier, neuroinflammation, and neurological risk trajectories. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 324:138251. [PMID: 36878369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are omnipresent, and they pose significant environmental and health risks. Translational studies indicate that acute exposure to high pesticide levels is detrimental, and prolonged contact with low concentrations of pesticides, as single and cocktail, could represent a risk factor for multi-organ pathophysiology, including the brain. Within this research template, we focus on pesticides' impact on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation, physical and immunological borders for the homeostatic control of the central nervous system (CNS) neuronal networks. We examine the evidence supporting a link between pre- and postnatal pesticide exposure, neuroinflammatory responses, and time-depend vulnerability footprints in the brain. Because of the pathological influence of BBB damage and inflammation on neuronal transmission from early development, varying exposures to pesticides could represent a danger, perhaps accelerating adverse neurological trajectories during aging. Refining our understanding of how pesticides influence brain barriers and borders could enable the implementation of pesticide-specific regulatory measures directly relevant to environmental neuroethics, the exposome, and one-health frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemie Cresto
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabel Forner-Piquer
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom.
| | - Asma Baig
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mousumi Chatterjee
- Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Perroy
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Nicola Marchi
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
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7
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Kip E, Parr-Brownlie LC. Healthy lifestyles and wellbeing reduce neuroinflammation and prevent neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1092537. [PMID: 36875655 PMCID: PMC9975355 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1092537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, Western societies have considered productivity and economic outcomes are more important than focusing on people's health and wellbeing. This focus has created lifestyles with high stress levels, associated with overconsumption of unhealthy foods and little exercise, which negatively affect people's lives, and subsequently lead to the development of pathologies, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Prioritizing a healthy lifestyle to maintain wellbeing may slow the onset or reduce the severity of pathologies. It is a win-win for everyone; for societies and for individuals. A balanced lifestyle is increasingly being adopted globally, with many doctors encouraging meditation and prescribing non-pharmaceutical interventions to treat depression. In psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, the inflammatory response system of the brain (neuroinflammation) is activated. Many risks factors are now known to be linked to neuroinflammation such as stress, pollution, and a high saturated and trans fat diet. On the other hand, many studies have linked healthy habits and anti-inflammatory products with lower levels of neuroinflammation and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Sharing risk and protective factors is critical so that individuals can make informed choices that promote positive aging throughout their lifespan. Most strategies to manage neurodegenerative diseases are palliative because neurodegeneration has been progressing silently for decades before symptoms appear. Here, we focus on preventing neurodegenerative diseases by adopting an integrated "healthy" lifestyle approach. This review summarizes the role of neuroinflammation on risk and protective factors of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Kip
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise C Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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8
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Ding W, Zhao Z, Zheng Y, Wang R, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Wang X, Yu S, Liu L, Huang R, Zhao X, Wu Q. Exposure to short-chain chlorinated paraffins induces astrocyte activation via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114268. [PMID: 36375367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) have become the most heavily produced monomeric organohalogen compounds, and have been reported to induce multiple organ toxicity. However, the effects of SCCPs on the central nervous system are unknown. In the present study, we show that SCCP exposure induced astrocyte proliferation and increased the expression of two critical markers of astrocyte activation, glial fibrillary acidic protein and inducible nitric oxide synthase, in vivo and in vitro. SCCP exposure also increased inflammatory factory gene expression. Moreover, SCCP treatment triggered Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signalling, as shown by increased phosphorylation and STAT3 translocation to the nucleus. Both JAK2 and STAT3 inhibition effectively attenuated SCCP-induced astrocyte activation. Finally, JAK2 inhibition significantly rescued STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Taken together, JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation contributed to SCCP-induced astrocyte activation. These data will help elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying SCCP-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ding
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Yudan Zheng
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Zeyao Zhang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Shali Yu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, China
| | - Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226006, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhao
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Nantong Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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9
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Motataianu A, Serban G, Barcutean L, Balasa R. Oxidative Stress in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Synergy of Genetic and Environmental Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169339. [PMID: 36012603 PMCID: PMC9409178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a grievous neurodegenerative disease whose survival is limited to only a few years. In spite of intensive research to discover the underlying mechanisms, the results are fairly inconclusive. Multiple hypotheses have been regarded, including genetic, molecular, and cellular processes. Notably, oxidative stress has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in ALS pathogenesis. In addition to already recognized and exhaustively studied genetic mutations involved in oxidative stress production, exposure to various environmental factors (e.g., electromagnetic fields, solvents, pesticides, heavy metals) has been suggested to enhance oxidative damage. This review aims to describe the main processes influenced by the most frequent genetic mutations and environmental factors concurring in oxidative stress occurrence in ALS and the potential therapeutic molecules capable of diminishing the ALS related pro-oxidative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Motataianu
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Georgiana Serban
- Doctoral School, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-0724-051-516
| | - Laura Barcutean
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Rodica Balasa
- Department of Neurology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Neurology Clinic, Emergency Clinical County Hospital Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
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10
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Andrew A, Zhou J, Gui J, Harrison A, Shi X, Li M, Guetti B, Nathan R, Tischbein M, Pioro E, Stommel E, Bradley W. Airborne lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk in the U.S. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 819:153096. [PMID: 35041949 PMCID: PMC10752436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk is linked to environmental exposures. The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) database compiles mandatory reports of levels of airborne contaminants from a variety of stationary and mobile pollution sources across the U.S. The objective of this study was to identify airborne contaminants that may be associated with ALS etiology for future study. We geospatially estimated exposure to airborne contaminants as risk factors for ALS in a nationwide large de-identified medical claims database, the SYMPHONY Integrated Dataverse®. We extracted zip3 of residence at diagnosis of ~26,000 nationally distributed ALS patients and n = 3 non-ALS controls matched per case for age and sex. We individually aggregated the median levels of each of 268 airborne contaminants recorded in the NEI database for 2008 to estimate local residential exposure. We randomly broke the dataset into two independent groups to form independent discovery and validation cohorts. Contaminants associated with increased ALS risk in both the discovery and validation studies included airborne lead (false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.00077), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), such as heptachlorobiphenyl (FDR = 3.60E-05). Small aircraft were the largest source of airborne lead, while the PCB emissions came from certain power plants burning biomass, and from industrial boilers. Associations with residential history of lead exposure were confirmed in two additional cohorts (10 year top quartile in New Hampshire/Vermont OR 2.46 95% CI 1.46-2.80, and in Ohio OR 1.60 95% CI 1.28-1.98). The results of our geospatial analysis support neurotoxic airborne metals and PCBs as risk factors for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Andrew
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America.
| | - Jie Zhou
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Jiang Gui
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Antoinette Harrison
- Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, Inc., Jersey City, NJ, United States of America
| | - Xun Shi
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Meifang Li
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States of America
| | - Bart Guetti
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | | | - Maeve Tischbein
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Erik Pioro
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Elijah Stommel
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, United States of America
| | - Walter Bradley
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America
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11
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Filippini T, Mandrioli J, Malagoli C, Costanzini S, Cherubini A, Maffeis G, Vinceti M. Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Exposure to Particulate Matter from Vehicular Traffic: A Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18030973. [PMID: 33499343 PMCID: PMC7908475 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with still unknown etiology. Some occupational and environmental risk factors have been suggested, including long-term air pollutant exposure. We carried out a pilot case-control study in order to evaluate ALS risk due to particulate matter with a diameter of ≤10 µm (PM10) as a proxy of vehicular traffic exposure. (2) Methods: We recruited ALS patients and controls referred to the Modena Neurology ALS Care Center between 1994 and 2015. Using a geographical information system, we modeled PM10 concentrations due to traffic emissions at the geocoded residence address at the date of case diagnosis. We computed the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of ALS according to increasing PM10 exposure, using an unconditional logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex. (3) Results: For the 132 study participants (52 cases and 80 controls), the average of annual median and maximum PM10 concentrations were 5.2 and 38.6 µg/m3, respectively. Using fixed cutpoints at 5, 10, and 20 of the annual median PM10 levels, and compared with exposure <5 µg/m3, we found no excess ALS risk at 5-10 µg/m3 (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.39-1.96), 10-20 µg/m3 (0.94, 95% CI 0.24-3.70), and ≥20 µg/m3 (0.87, 95% CI 0.05-15.01). Based on maximum PM10 concentrations, we found a statistically unstable excess ALS risk for subjects exposed at 10-20 µg/m3 (OR 4.27, 95% CI 0.69-26.51) compared with those exposed <10 µg/m3. However, risk decreased at 20-50 µg/m3 (OR 1.49, 95% CI 0.39-5.75) and ≥50 µg/m3 (1.16, 95% CI 0.28-4.82). ALS risk in increasing tertiles of exposure showed a similar null association, while comparison between the highest and the three lowest quartiles lumped together showed little evidence for an excess risk at PM10 concentrations (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.50-2.55). After restricting the analysis to subjects with stable residence, we found substantially similar results. (4) Conclusions: In this pilot study, we found limited evidence of an increased ALS risk due to long-term exposure at high PM10 concentration, though the high statistical imprecision of the risk estimates, due to the small sample size, particularly in some exposure categories, limited our capacity to detect small increases in risk, and further larger studies are needed to assess this relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino Estense Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy;
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Sofia Costanzini
- DIEF Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari,” University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | | | | | - Marco Vinceti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, CREAGEN Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Dos Santos M, Vareli CS, Janisch B, Pizzutti IR, Fortes J, Sautter CK, Costabeber IH. Contamination of polychlorinated biphenyls in honey from the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:452-463. [PMID: 33459200 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1865578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants are characterised by their chemical structure, environmental persistence and toxicity to human and wildlife populations. The production of these chemicals is regulated and restricted. However, they continue to be detected in the environment. In this study, the occurrence of 11 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs 28, 52, 77, 81, 101, 118, 126, 138, 153, 169, and 180) was investigated in 90 honey samples produced in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The samples were from different municipalities, production systems and floral origins. Extraction was performed using the modified QuEChERS method (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) followed by gas chromatography with micro-electron capture detector. The results showed the presence of four congeners (PCBs 28, 77, 81, 101) in 15 honey samples confirming the environmental contamination in Southern Brazil. Among the contaminated samples, no significant differences were identified regarding the production system and floral origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Dos Santos
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Catiucia S Vareli
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Bárbara Janisch
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Ionara R Pizzutti
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Juciane Fortes
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Kaehler Sautter
- Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciência dos Alimentos, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
| | - Ijoni H Costabeber
- Departamento de Morfologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brasil
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13
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Martín Santos P, Campo L, Olgiati L, Polledri E, Del Nogal Sánchez M, Fustinoni S. Development of a method to profile 2- to 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in saliva samples from smokers and non-smokers by headspace-solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122273. [PMID: 32721862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the development of a method based on headspace (HS)-solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography (GC)-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the quantification of 2- to 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in saliva samples. Eight unmetabolized compounds (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene) were quantified using six deuterated PAHs as surrogate internal standards. The absence of matrix effect allowed saliva samples to be quantified by external calibration method. The optimized method resulted easy, with minimal sample pre-treatment (homogenization of the sample), and it achieved the highest sensitivity up to date: limits of quantification (LOQ) were in the 0.8-26.4 ng L-1 range, with a significant improvement in comparison with the few existing methods. Intra- and inter-run precisions provided CV values <18.1%, and accuracies within 20% of the spiked concentration. The application of the method to the analysis of fresh saliva samples collected by spitting from smokers (n = 10) and non-smokers (n = 10) showed that PAHs were quantifiable in all samples and that smokers had higher levels of all compounds than non-smokers. These results show that the method is suitable for quantifying low-boiling PAHs in saliva samples from individuals exposed at different PAH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martín Santos
- Departament of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Campo
- Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luca Olgiati
- Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Polledri
- EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Miguel Del Nogal Sánchez
- Departament of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Silvia Fustinoni
- Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; EPIGET - Epidemiology, Epigenetics, and Toxicology Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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14
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Fiore M, Parisio R, Filippini T, Mantione V, Platania A, Odone A, Signorelli C, Pietrini V, Mandrioli J, Teggi S, Costanzini S, Antonio C, Zuccarello P, Oliveri Conti G, Nicoletti A, Zappia M, Vinceti M, Ferrante M. Living near waterbodies as a proxy of cyanobacteria exposure and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a population based case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 186:109530. [PMID: 32335431 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies highlighted the possibility that exposure to cyanotoxins leads to the development of the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS We devised a population-based case-control study in two Italian populations. We used residential proximity of the residence to water bodies as a measure of possible exposure to cyanotoxins. RESULTS Based on 703 newly-diagnosed ALS cases and 2737 controls, we calculated an ALS odds ratio (OR) of 1.41 (95% CI: 0.72-2.74) for current residence in the vicinity of water bodies, and a slightly lower estimate for historical residence (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.57-2.99). Subjects <65 years and people living in the Northern Italy province of Modena had higher ORs, especially when historical residence was considered. CONCLUSIONS Overall, despite some risk of bias due to exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding, our results appear to support the hypothesis that cyanotoxin exposure may increase ALS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123; Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA). Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123.
| | - Roberto Parisio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valerio Mantione
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
| | - Armando Platania
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126, Parma, Italy; School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 58 Via Olgettina Milano, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Vladimiro Pietrini
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 1355 Via Pietro Giardini, 41126, Modena, Italy
| | - Sergio Teggi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 10 Via Vivarelli, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Sofia Costanzini
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 10 Via Vivarelli, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristaldi Antonio
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123; Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA). Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123; Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA). Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123; Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA). Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123.
| | - Alessandra Nicoletti
- Section of Neurosciences, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- Section of Neurosciences, Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123; Environmental and Food Hygiene Laboratory (LIAA). Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy, Via Santa Sofia, 87, 95123
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15
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Deepika D, Sharma RP, Schuhmacher M, Kumar V. An integrative translational framework for chemical induced neurotoxicity – a systematic review. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:424-438. [DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1763253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Raju Prasad Sharma
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Schuhmacher
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d’ Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- IISPV, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
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16
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Peng B, Yang Q, B Joshi R, Liu Y, Akbar M, Song BJ, Zhou S, Wang X. Role of Alcohol Drinking in Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072316. [PMID: 32230811 PMCID: PMC7177420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), increase as the population ages around the world. Environmental factors also play an important role in most cases. Alcohol consumption exists extensively and it acts as one of the environmental factors that promotes these neurodegenerative diseases. The brain is a major target for the actions of alcohol, and heavy alcohol consumption has long been associated with brain damage. Chronic alcohol intake leads to elevated glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and permanent neuronal damage associated with malnutrition. The relationship and contributing mechanisms of alcohol with these three diseases are different. Epidemiological studies have reported a reduction in the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease in individuals who drink low amounts of alcohol; low or moderate concentrations of ethanol protect against β-amyloid (Aβ) toxicity in hippocampal neurons; and excessive amounts of ethanol increase accumulation of Aβ and Tau phosphorylation. Alcohol has been suggested to be either protective of, or not associated with, PD. However, experimental animal studies indicate that chronic heavy alcohol consumption may have dopamine neurotoxic effects through the induction of Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and an increase in the amount of α-Synuclein (αSYN) relevant to PD. The findings on the association between alcohol consumption and ALS are inconsistent; a recent population-based study suggests that alcohol drinking seems to not influence the risk of developing ALS. Additional research is needed to clarify the potential etiological involvement of alcohol intake in causing or resulting in major neurodegenerative diseases, which will eventually lead to potential therapeutics against these alcoholic neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qiang Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Lab for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Food, Jing Brand Research Institute, Daye 435100, China
| | - Rachna B Joshi
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Internal Medicine, Stafford Medical, PA. 1364 NJ-72, Manahawkin, NJ 08050, USA
| | - Yuancai Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Lab for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Food, Jing Brand Research Institute, Daye 435100, China
| | - Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience & Behavior, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (X.W.); Tel.: 1-617-732-5398 (S.Z.); 1-617-732-4186 (X.W.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (X.W.); Tel.: 1-617-732-5398 (S.Z.); 1-617-732-4186 (X.W.)
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17
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Filippini T, Fiore M, Tesauro M, Malagoli C, Consonni M, Violi F, Arcolin E, Iacuzio L, Oliveri Conti G, Cristaldi A, Zuccarello P, Zucchi E, Mazzini L, Pisano F, Gagliardi I, Patti F, Mandrioli J, Ferrante M, Vinceti M. Clinical and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030857. [PMID: 32019087 PMCID: PMC7037077 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. The etiology of ALS remains largely unknown, particularly with reference to the potential environmental determinants. Methods: We performed a population-based case-control study in four provinces from both Northern and Southern Italy in order to assess non-genetic ALS risk factors by collecting through tailored questionnaires information about clinical and lifestyle factors. We estimated ALS risk by calculating odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age and educational attainment. Results: We recruited 230 participants (95 cases and 135 controls). We found a possible positive association of ALS risk with trauma, particularly head trauma (OR = 2.61, 95% CI 1.19–5.72), electric shock (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.62–7.06), and some sports, although at a competitive level only. In addition, our results suggest an increased risk for subjects reporting use of private wells for drinking water (OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.73–2.27) and for use of herbicides during gardening (OR = 1.95, 95% CI 0.88–2.27). Conversely, there was a suggestion of an inverse association with overall fish consumption (OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.12–0.60), but with no dose-response relation. Consumption of some dietary supplements, namely those containing amino acids and, in the Southern Italy population, vitamins and minerals such as selenium, seemed associated with a statistically imprecise increased risk. Conclusions: Our results suggest a potential etiologic role a number of clinical and lifestyle factors with ALS risk. However, caution is needed due to some study limitations. These include the small sample size and the low number of exposed subjects, which affect statistical precision of risk estimates, the potential for exposure misclassification, and the uncertainties about mechanisms underpinning the possible association between these factors and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marina Tesauro
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Michela Consonni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Violi
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
| | - Laura Iacuzio
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Public Health, Local Health Unit, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Pisano
- Neurological Rehabilitation Division, Policlinico San Marco di Zingonia, 24046 Zingonia (BG), Italy;
| | - Ileana Gagliardi
- ALS Centre Department of Neurology, ‘Maggiore della Carità’ University Hospital, 28100 Novara, Italy; (L.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino Estense Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy;
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G. F. Ingrassia”, Catania University, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.F.); (G.O.C.); (A.C.); (P.Z.); (F.P.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN—Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (T.F.); (C.M.); (F.V.); (E.A.); (L.I.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence:
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Martín Santos P, Jiménez Carracedo C, del Nogal Sánchez M, Pérez Pavón JL, Moreno Cordero B. A sensitive and automatic method based on microextraction by packed sorbents for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in saliva samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Barmpas M, Vakonaki E, Tzatzarakis M, Sifakis S, Alegakis A, Grigoriadis T, Sodré DB, Daskalakis G, Antsaklis A, Tsatsakis A. Organochlorine pollutants' levels in hair, amniotic fluid and serum samples of pregnant women in Greece. A cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:103279. [PMID: 31704585 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants are synthetic chemicals highly resistant to degradation with strong tendency to bioaccumulation. Assessment of human exposure to these compounds is crucial for public health protection, especially during vulnerable periods. The aim of the present cohort study was to evaluate the level of contamination to PCBs, o,p'- and p,p'-DDE, o,p' and p,p'-DDD, o,p' and p,p'-DDT and HCB in pregnant women. Hair, amniotic fluid and serum samples were collected and analyzed by HS-SPME-GCMS. The most detected analytes in amniotic fluids were p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDE and PCB101, in serum p,p'-DDE, HCB and PCB101 and in hair p,p'-DDE, HCB and PCB101. The levels of HCB and PCB101 in amniotic fluids were positively correlated with those in hair. Higher levels of DDDs and DDTs in hair samples and PCB28 in amniotic fluids were observed in smoker pregnant women. Gestation age was inversely proportional with the detected levels of PCB101 in all tested samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Barmpas
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece; Feto-Maternal Medicine Department, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, University of Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Athanasios Alegakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Themos Grigoriadis
- Department of Urogynecology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, University of Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology Science and Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
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Higher cerebrospinal fluid to plasma ratio of p-cresol sulfate and indoxyl sulfate in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:165-173. [PMID: 31726035 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Parkinson's disease (PD), impairment of brain to blood barrier and/or blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier is described. It can increase the level of uremic toxins in CSF. So far, role of these compounds in neurological disorders has not been completely understood. However, a link has been observed between chronic kidney disease and neurological disorders. We measured the concentrations of uremic toxins (i.e. indoxyl sulfate (IS), p-cresol sulfate (pCS), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)) in CSF and plasma, and correlated them with inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers. METHODS Plasma and CSF samples were collected from 27 volunteers (18 with PD and 9 controls). The level of toxins was determined using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS In PD, for IS and pCS, CSF-plasma ratio was higher. Concentration of pCS in CSF was higher in PD compared to controls. TMAO level was also higher in plasma of that group. Patients with motor fluctuations had higher level of uremic toxins in CSF, but not in plasma. CONCLUSIONS The level of pCS and IS in CSF of PD is higher than expected, based on their blood level. It can influence pathogenesis and progression of PD.
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Fountoucidou P, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Docea AO, Taitzoglou IA, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis A, Kouretas D. A mixture of routinely encountered xenobiotics induces both redox adaptations and perturbations in blood and tissues of rats after a long-term low-dose exposure regimen: The time and dose issue. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:24-44. [PMID: 31541690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a mixture containing 13 pesticides, food, and life-style additives in three dosage levels (i.e. 0.0025 × NOAEL, 0.01 × NOAEL, and 0.05 × NOAEL), on redox biomarkers in blood and tissues. Our results indicate that the exposure to the mixture induces physiological adaptations by enhancing the blood antioxidant mechanism (i.e., increased glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased protein carbonyls and TBARS) at 12 months of exposure. On the contrary, exposure to the 0.05 × NOAEL dose for 18 months induces significant perturbations in blood and tissue redox profile (i.e., increased carbonyls and TBARS). This study simulates a scenario of real-life risk exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics through a long-term low-dose administration regimen in rats. The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Ioannis A Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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22
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Tsatsakis A, Docea AO, Constantin C, Calina D, Zlatian O, Nikolouzakis TK, Stivaktakis PD, Kalogeraki A, Liesivuori J, Tzanakakis G, Neagu M. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, and cytopathological effects in rats exposed for 18 months to a mixture of 13 chemicals in doses below NOAEL levels. Toxicol Lett 2019; 316:154-170. [PMID: 31521832 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigates the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of long term exposure to low doses of a mixture consisting of methomyl, triadimefon, dimethoate, glyphosate, carbaryl, methyl parathion, aspartame, sodium benzoate, EDTA, ethylparaben, buthylparaben, bisphenol A and acacia gum in rats. Four groups of ten Sprangue Dawley rats (5 males and 5 females per group) were exposed for 18 months to the mixture in doses of 0xNOAEL, 0.0025xNOAEL, 0.01xNOAEL and 0.05xNOAEL (mg/kg bw/day). After 18 months of exposure, the rats were sacrificed and their organs were harvested. Micronuclei frequency was evaluated in bone marrow erythrocytes whereas the organs were cytopathologically examined by the touch preparation technique. The exposure to the mixture caused a genotoxic effect identified only in females. Cytopathological examination showed specific alterations of tissue organization in a tissue-type dependent manner. The observed effects were dose-dependent and correlated to various tissue parameters. Specifically, testes samples revealed degenerative and cellularity disorders, liver hepatocytes exhibited decreased glycogen deposition whereas degenerative changes were present in gastric cells. Lung tissue presented increased inflammatory cells infiltration and alveolar macrophages with enhanced phagocytic activity, whereas brain tissue exhibited changes in glial and astrocyte cells' numbers. In conclusion, exposure to very low doses of the tested mixture for 18 months induces genotoxic effects as well as monotonic cytotoxic effects in a tissue-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; Spin-Off Toxplus S.A., 71601, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Pathology Dept. Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania.
| | | | - Polychronis D Stivaktakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Alexandra Kalogeraki
- Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | | | - George Tzanakakis
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Monica Neagu
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Pathology Dept. Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
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Santos PM, del Nogal Sánchez M, Pavón JLP, Cordero BM. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human biological samples: A critical review. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Henrich-Noack P, Nikitovic D, Neagu M, Docea AO, Engin AB, Gelperina S, Shtilman M, Mitsias P, Tzanakakis G, Gozes I, Tsatsakis A. The blood–brain barrier and beyond: Nano-based neuropharmacology and the role of extracellular matrix. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 17:359-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Iatrou EI, Tsygankov V, Seryodkin I, Tzatzarakis MN, Vakonaki E, Barbounis E, Zakharenko AM, Chaika VV, Sergievich AA, Tsatsakis AM, Golokhvast K. Monitoring of environmental persistent organic pollutants in hair samples collected from wild terrestrial mammals of Primorsky Krai, Russia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7640-7650. [PMID: 30666573 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) constitute a wide range of chemicals. Their release into the environment has raised great concern due to their potentially harmful impact in humans and wildlife species. The aim of this current study was to detect selected POPs in hair samples of wild terrestrial mammals from Primorsky Krai, Russia, so as to assess potential environmental exposure. The tested wild species were leopard cat, musk deer, wolf, amur hedgehog, and raccoon dog. The targeted organochlorines were hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and DDTs (opDDE, ppDDE, and opDDD), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (acenaphylene (ACEN), fluorene (FLU), anthracene (ANTH) phenathrene (PHEN), and pyrene (PYR)). The detection of POPs was conducted in hair samples by a one-step hair extraction method, by using a headspace solid-phase microextraction technique (HS-SPME) and analyzed then by GC-MS. The majority of the wild animal hair samples were found positive in all tested pollutants. More specifically, the percentage of positive hair samples for HCB was 93.3% and for DDTs, PCBs, and PAHs, 20.0 to 100.0%, 6.7 to 100.0%, and 75.0 to 100.0%, respectively. DDT, PCB, and PAH detection ranged from 1.26 to 52.06 pg mg-1, 0.73 to 31.34 pg mg-1, and 2.59 to 35.00 pg mg-1, respectively. The highest mean concentration levels of all tested pollutants were found for musk deer (PCBs 12.41 pg mg-1, DDTs 21.87 pg mg-1, PAHs 22.12 pg mg-1) compared to the other wild species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that provides results regarding contamination in different terrestrial mammals by POP exposure. The use of hair as a matrix is proven to be an effective tool for nondestructive biological monitoring of POP contamination in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia I Iatrou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, P.O. Box 1393, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Ivan Seryodkin
- Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Manolis N Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, P.O. Box 1393, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, P.O. Box 1393, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Barbounis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, P.O. Box 1393, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | - Alexander A Sergievich
- Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, P.O. Box 1393, 710 03, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Kirill Golokhvast
- Pacific Geographical Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
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Adekunle AS, Oyedele Oyekunle JA, Ola IJ, Obisesan OR, Maxakato NW. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in some personal care products in Nigeria. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:994-1001. [PMID: 30338225 PMCID: PMC6186952 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was carried out to determine the presence and concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in some personal care products in Nigeria. Commonly used consumer care products grouped into four classes, namely: plastics, cosmetics, disinfectants and washing products, were purchased from some supermarkets in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The solid samples were pulverized and the PAHs and OCPs were extracted with n-hexane and dichloromethane, respectively using Soxhlet extraction method, while the liquid samples were extracted using liquid-liquid extraction method. The quantitative and qualitative determinations were carried out using Gas Chromatography coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) for PAHs, and Gas Chromatography coupled with Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD) for the OCPs. The results for PAHs analysis gave an overall mean concentration of 3259.10 ± 5223.16 μg g-1 for plastics and 8388.00 ± 7106.55 μg g-1 for cosmetics. Comparatively, the concentrations of PAHs in the cosmetic samples were higher than in plastics samples, while both values were greater than the recommended limits of PAHs in consumer care products as stipulated by the World Health Organization. For the OCPs, disinfectant samples had a total mean concentration of 10.65 ± 6.50 μg mL-1, while washing products had a total mean concentration of 35.31 ± 39.31 μg mL-1. The concentrations of OCPs in washing products were higher than their concentrations in disinfectant samples. The results of the OCPs in some samples were greater than Maximum Residual Limit (MRL) recommended by the European Commission. The study concluded that consumer care products used in this study contained PAHs and OCPs at levels that could be risky to human health if the consumer care products are not used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nobanathi Wendy Maxakato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
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27
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Dardiotis E, Siokas V, Sokratous M, Tsouris Z, Michalopoulou A, Andravizou A, Dastamani M, Ralli S, Vinceti M, Tsatsakis A, Hadjigeorgiou GM. Genetic polymorphisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Evidence for implication in detoxification pathways of environmental toxicants. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 116:122-135. [PMID: 29677557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Sokratous
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zisis Tsouris
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Amalia Michalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina Andravizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Metaxia Dastamani
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Styliani Ralli
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
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Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal signatures of lipid metabolism dysregulation in HepaRG liver cells exposed to PCB 126. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2533-2547. [PMID: 29947894 PMCID: PMC6063328 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemical pollutant exposure is a risk factor contributing to the growing epidemic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affecting human populations that consume a western diet. Although it is recognized that intoxication by chemical pollutants can lead to NAFLD, there is limited information available regarding the mechanism by which typical environmental levels of exposure can contribute to the onset of this disease. Here, we describe the alterations in gene expression profiles and metabolite levels in the human HepaRG liver cell line, a validated model for cellular steatosis, exposed to the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 126, one of the most potent chemical pollutants that can induce NAFLD. Sparse partial least squares classification of the molecular profiles revealed that exposure to PCB 126 provoked a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as an increase in sphingolipid levels, concomitant with a decrease in the activity of genes involved in lipid metabolism. This was associated with an increased oxidative stress reflected by marked disturbances in taurine metabolism. A gene ontology analysis showed hallmarks of an activation of the AhR receptor by dioxin-like compounds. These changes in metabolome and transcriptome profiles were observed even at the lowest concentration (100 pM) of PCB 126 tested. A decrease in docosatrienoate levels was the most sensitive biomarker. Overall, our integrated multi-omics analysis provides mechanistic insight into how this class of chemical pollutant can cause NAFLD. Our study lays the foundation for the development of molecular signatures of toxic effects of chemicals causing fatty liver diseases to move away from a chemical risk assessment based on in vivo animal experiments.
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Povedano M, Saez M, Martínez-Matos JA, Barceló MA. Spatial Assessment of the Association between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Factors and the Occurrence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Catalonia, Spain: A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study. Neuroepidemiology 2018; 51:33-49. [PMID: 29852480 DOI: 10.1159/000489664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is believed that an interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors may be involved in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). With the exception of exposure to agricultural chemicals like pesticides, evidence of an association between environmental risk factors and ALS is inconsistent. Our objective here was to investigate the association between long-term exposure to environmental factors and the occurrence of ALS in Catalonia, Spain, and to provide evidence that spatial clusters of ALS related to these environmental factors exist. METHODS We carried out a nested case-control study constructed from a retrospective population-based cohort, covering the entire region. Environmental variables were the explanatory variables of interest. We controlled for both observed and unobserved confounders. RESULTS We have found some spatial clusters of ALS. The results from the multivariate model suggest that these clusters could be related to some of the environmental variables, in particular agricultural chemicals. In addition, in high-risk clusters, besides corresponding to agricultural areas, key road infrastructures with a high density of traffic are also located. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that some environmental factors, in particular those associated with exposure to pesticides and air pollutants as a result of urban traffic, could be associated with the occurrence of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Povedano
- Functional Motoneurona Unit (UFMNA), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Antonio Martínez-Matos
- Functional Motoneurona Unit (UFMNA), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Barceló
- Functional Motoneurona Unit (UFMNA), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Vinceti M, Filippini T, Violi F, Rothman KJ, Costanzini S, Malagoli C, Wise LA, Odone A, Signorelli C, Iacuzio L, Arcolin E, Mandrioli J, Fini N, Patti F, Lo Fermo S, Pietrini V, Teggi S, Ghermandi G, Scillieri R, Ledda C, Mauceri C, Sciacca S, Fiore M, Ferrante M. Pesticide exposure assessed through agricultural crop proximity and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Environ Health 2017; 16:91. [PMID: 28851431 PMCID: PMC5576246 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies have raised the possibility that some pesticide compounds induce the neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), though the available evidence is not entirely consistent. METHODS We conducted a population-based case-control study in two Italian populations to assess the extent to which residence in the vicinity of agricultural crops associated with the application of neurotoxic pesticides is a risk factor for ALS, using crop acreage in proximity to the residence as an index of exposure. RESULTS Based on 703 cases and 2737 controls, we computed an ALS odds ratio of 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.78-1.09) for those in proximity to agricultural land. Results were not substantially different when using alternative exposure categories or when analyzing specific crop types, with the exception of a higher risk related to exposure to citrus orchards and olive groves in Southern Italy, though based on few exposed subjects (N = 89 and 8, respectively). There was little evidence of any dose-response relation between crop proximity and ALS risk, and using long-term residence instead of current residence did not substantially change our estimates. CONCLUSIONS Though our index of exposure is indirect and subject to considerable misclassification, our results offer little support for the hypothesis that neurotoxic pesticide exposure increases ALS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Violi
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Kenneth J. Rothman
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, 3040 E Cornwallis Road, Durham, NC 27709 USA
| | - Sofia Costanzini
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 10 Via Vivarelli, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Lauren A. Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126 Parma, Italy
- School of Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, 58 Via Olgettina Milano, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Iacuzio
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 287 Via Campi, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 1355 Via Pietro Giardini, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Fini
- Department of Neuroscience, S. Agostino-Estense Hospital, and University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 1355 Via Pietro Giardini, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Patti
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Lo Fermo
- Neurologic Unit, AOU Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele, University of Catania, 628 Via Plebiscito, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Vladimiro Pietrini
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, 14 Via Gramsci, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Sergio Teggi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 10 Via Vivarelli, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Grazia Ghermandi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 10 Via Vivarelli, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Renato Scillieri
- Department of Prevention, Catania Local Health Unit, 5 Via Santa Maria la Grande, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Mauceri
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 87 Via S. Sofia, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Vinceti M, Malagoli C, Fabbi S, Kheifets L, Violi F, Poli M, Caldara S, Sesti D, Violanti S, Zanichelli P, Notari B, Fava R, Arena A, Calzolari R, Filippini T, Iacuzio L, Arcolin E, Mandrioli J, Fini N, Odone A, Signorelli C, Patti F, Zappia M, Pietrini V, Oleari P, Teggi S, Ghermandi G, Dimartino A, Ledda C, Mauceri C, Sciacca S, Fiore M, Ferrante M. Magnetic fields exposure from high-voltage power lines and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in two Italian populations. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2017; 18:583-589. [PMID: 28569083 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2017.1332078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aetiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a rare and extremely severe neurodegenerative disease, has been associated with magnetic fields exposure. However, evidence for such a relation in the general population is weak, although the previous null results might also be due to exposure misclassification, or a relationship might exist only for selected subgroups. To test such a hypothesis we carried out a population-based case-control study in two Northern and Southern Italy regions, including 703 ALS cases newly diagnosed from 1998 to 2011 and 2737 controls randomly selected from the residents in the study provinces. Overall, we found that a residence near high-voltage power lines, within the corridors yielding a magnetic fields of ≥0.1 μT, was not associated with an excess disease risk, nor did we identify a dose-response relationship after splitting the exposed corridor according to the 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 μT cut-points of exposure. These results were confirmed taking into account age at onset, period of diagnosis, sex, geographical area, and length of exposure. Overall, despite the residual possibility of unmeasured confounding or small susceptible subgroups not identified in our study, these results appear to confirm that the exposure to magnetic fields from power lines occurring in the general population is not associated with increased ALS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vinceti
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy.,b Department of Epidemiology , Boston University School of Public Health , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Carlotta Malagoli
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Sara Fabbi
- c Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari" , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Leeka Kheifets
- d Department of Epidemiology , UCLA Fielding School of Public Health , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Federica Violi
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Maurizio Poli
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Salvatore Caldara
- f Sicilia Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention (ARPA) , Palermo , Italy
| | - Daniela Sesti
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Silvia Violanti
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Paolo Zanichelli
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Barbara Notari
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Roberto Fava
- e Emilia-Romagna Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention and Energy (ARPAE) , Emilia-Romagna Region , Italy
| | - Alessia Arena
- f Sicilia Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention (ARPA) , Palermo , Italy
| | - Roberta Calzolari
- f Sicilia Regional Agency for Environmental Prevention (ARPA) , Palermo , Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Laura Iacuzio
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Elisa Arcolin
- a Environmental, Genetic, and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center - CREAGEN, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- g Department of Neuroscience , S.Agostino-Estense Hospital, Policlinico University Hospital , Modena , Italy
| | - Nicola Fini
- g Department of Neuroscience , S.Agostino-Estense Hospital, Policlinico University Hospital , Modena , Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- h Department of Biomedical , Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- h Department of Biomedical , Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences, University of Parma , Parma , Italy.,i University 'Vita-Salute' San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| | - Francesco Patti
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Mario Zappia
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Vladimiro Pietrini
- k Department of Neuroscience , University of Parma , Parma , Italy , and
| | - Paola Oleari
- l Information and Communication Technology Department , Local Health Unit of Reggio Emilia and IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova , Reggio Emilia , Italy
| | - Sergio Teggi
- c Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari" , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Grazia Ghermandi
- c Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari" , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena , Italy
| | - Angela Dimartino
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Cristina Mauceri
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- j Department of Medical , Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania , Catania , Italy
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