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Moxon R, Xu Z, Tettey F, Chris-Okoro I, Kumar D. Dental Metal Matrix Composites: The Effects of the Addition of Titanium Nanoparticle Particles on Dental Amalgam. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1662. [PMID: 38612175 PMCID: PMC11012939 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Dental amalgams have been used by dentists for the restoration of posterior human teeth. However, there have been concerns about the release of mercury from amalgams into the oral cavity. The objective of the present research is to study the effect of titanium (Ti) nanoparticles on the microstructural mechanism of the release of mercury vapor in two commonly used brands of dental amalgam (the Dispersalloy: 11.8% Cu; the Sybralloy: 33% Cu). Ti powder was added to both the Dispersalloy and the Sybralloy in increments of 10 mg up to 80 mg. The addition of Ti powder to both brands of dental amalgam has been found to result in a considerable decrease in Hg vapor release. The decrease in the Hg vapor release due to Ti addition has been explained by the formation of strong Hg-Ti covalent bonds, which reduce the availability of Hg atoms for evaporation. The Ti atoms in excess of the solubility limit of Ti in Hg reside in the grain boundaries, which also reduces the evaporation of Hg from the amalgam. The binding of Hg with Ti via a strong covalent bond also results in a significant improvement in mechanical properties such as Vickers hardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Moxon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Felix Tettey
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Bioengineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Ikenna Chris-Okoro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Dhananjay Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A & T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Missimer TM, MacDonald JH, Tsegaye S, Thomas S, Teaf CM, Covert D, Kassis ZR. Natural Background and the Anthropogenic Enrichment of Mercury in the Southern Florida Environment: A Review with a Discussion on Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:118. [PMID: 38276812 PMCID: PMC10815244 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that is easily released into the atmosphere as a gas or a particulate. Since Hg has serious health impacts based on human exposure, it is a major concern where it accumulates. Southern Florida is a region of high Hg deposition in the United States. It has entered the southern Florida environment for over 56 MY. For the past 3000 to 8000 years, Hg has accumulated in the Everglades peatlands, where approximately 42.3 metric tons of Hg was deposited. The pre-industrial source of mercury that was deposited into the Everglades was from the atmosphere, consisting of combined Saharan dust and marine evasion. Drainage and the development of the Everglades for agriculture, and other mixed land uses have caused a 65.7% reduction in the quantity of peat, therefore releasing approximately 28 metric tons of Hg into the southern Florida environment over a period of approximately 133 years. Both natural and man-made fires have facilitated the Hg release. The current range in mercury release into the southern Florida environment lies between 994.9 and 1249 kg/yr. The largest source of Hg currently entering the Florida environment is from combined atmospheric sources, including Saharan dust, aerosols, sea spray, and ocean flux/evasion at 257.1-514.2 kg/yr. The remobilization of Hg from the Everglades peatlands and fires is approximately 215 kg/yr. Other large contributors include waste to energy incinerators (204.1 kg/yr), medical waste and crematory incinerators (159.7+ kg/yr), and cement plant stack discharge (150.6 kg/yr). Minor emissions include fuel emissions from motorized vehicles, gas emissions from landfills, asphalt plants, and possible others. No data are available on controlled fires in the Everglades in sugar farming, which is lumped with the overall peatland loss of Hg to the environment. Hg has impacted wildlife in southern Florida with recorded excess concentrations in fish, birds, and apex predators. This bioaccumulation of Hg in animals led to the adoption of regulations (total maximum loads) to reduce the impacts on wildlife and warnings were given to consumers to avoid the consumption of fish that are considered to be contaminated. The deposition of atmospheric Hg in southern Florida has not been studied sufficiently to ascertain where it has had the greatest impacts. Hg has been found to accumulate on willow tree leaves in a natural environment in one recent study. No significant studies of the potential impacts on human health have been conducted in southern Florida, which should be started based on the high rates of Hg fallout in rainfall and known recycling for organic sediments containing high concentrations of Hg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Missimer
- U. A. Whitaker College of Engineering, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA;
| | - James H. MacDonald
- Environmental Geology Program & Honors College, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA;
| | - Seneshaw Tsegaye
- Department of Bioengineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA;
| | - Serge Thomas
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA;
| | - Christopher M. Teaf
- Institute for Science & Public Affairs, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA;
| | - Douglas Covert
- Hazardous Substance & Waste Management Research, 2976 Wellington Circle West, Tallahassee, FL 32309, USA;
| | - Zoie R. Kassis
- U. A. Whitaker College of Engineering, Florida Gulf Coast University, 10501 FGCU Boulevard South, Fort Myers, FL 33965-6565, USA;
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Moxon R, Xu Z, Chris-Okoro I, Cherono S, Kumar D. Determination and Calculations of Mercury Vapor Concentration and Energy Released from Freshly Condensed Dental Amalgams Having Various Copper Percentages within the Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093452. [PMID: 37176331 PMCID: PMC10180447 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Dental amalgam is an alloy consisting of a mixture of fine metallic powder of silver, tin, zinc, copper, and a trace amount of palladium in combination with about fifty percent elemental mercury that forms a matrix phase. Dental amalgams consisting of a high-copper content are the most common types of alloys currently utilized for the restoration of decayed, broken, and fractured posterior human teeth. The present research objective was primarily to improve the material properties by determining and analyzing the amount of mercury vapor released from dental amalgam received from eight different commercial brands. The mechanical hardness of the alloys was found to increase with an increase in copper content in the amalgam. The effect of copper addition on material aging was also studied. During the release of mercury vapor, the corresponding energies associated with the release of mercury vapor from each sample were determined for each successive measurement. The results indicated that increasing the copper content of the amalgam counters the release of mercury vapor from posterior teeth and improves the hardness properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Moxon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Ikenna Chris-Okoro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Sheilah Cherono
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
| | - Dhananjay Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Yang LC, Liu FH, Su NY, Wang YH, Yang PY, Chang YC. Decreased trends of using dental amalgam filling for decayed teeth in Taiwan from 1997 to 2013. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:400-406. [PMID: 36643251 PMCID: PMC9831824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Mercury within dental amalgam has been criticized for the potential toxicity and environmental hazard. Phasing down the use of dental amalgam is the transition for amalgam free dentistry. However, little is known about dental amalgam filling (AMF) in Taiwan. In this study, time trends of AMF were measured by using National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). Materials and methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the AMF data in registered database compiled by Taiwanese NHIRD from 1997 to 2013. The AMF data were further analyzed according to sex, age, and geographic location, respectively. Time trends of dental visits for AMF and medical expenses for AMF were also evaluated. Results The average annual AMF ratio was 8.965% of nationwide population in Taiwan. The prevalence of AMF was significantly decreased both in male and female from 1997 to 2013 (P for trend <0.0001). The decreased pattern of AMF was found by the age stratification (P for trend <0.0001). The significant fall of AMF was also displayed in six districts (P for trend <0.0001). The number of dental visits were ranged from 821,749 in 1997 to 1,313,734 in 2013. However, time trends of dental visits for AMF were significantly decreased (P for trend <0.0001). The medical expenses for AMF were simultaneous significantly decreased from 1997 to 2013 (P for trend <0.0001). Conclusion Form the results of this nationwide population-based database, a significant decrease of AMF in Taiwan was observed during past 17 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chiu Yang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsuan Liu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Yu Su
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Yang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Chang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,Corresponding authorSchool of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
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Shen Y, Nie C, Wei Y, Zheng Z, Xu ZL, Xiang P. FRET-based innovative assays for precise detection of the residual heavy metals in food and agriculture-related matrices. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Girgin G, Palabiyik-Yücelik SS, Sipahi H, Kilicarslan B, Ünüvar S, Tutkun E, Yilmaz ÖH, Baydar T. Mercury exposure, neopterin profile, and tryptophan degradation in dental technicians. Pteridines 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2022-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Amalgam has been widely used as a restorative dental material for over 150 years. Most standard dental amalgam formulations contain approximately 50% elemental mercury in a mixture of copper, tin, silver, and zinc. Mercury is a highly volatile metal, which can easily vaporize to a colorless and odorless gas. It has been demonstrated that mercury is released from dental amalgam, which is increased by chewing, eating, brushing, and drinking hot liquids. Besides this, amalgam is the main occupational exposure source of mercury for dental workers. It is known that mercury exposure causes immune modulation in humans. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the changes in neopterin levels and tryptophan (Trp) degradation in dental technicians. It was observed that low levels of occupational mercury exposure resulted in decreased neopterin, kynurenine (Kyn), and Kyn/Trp levels. Moreover, mercury and neopterin levels had a significant positive correlation in workers. The lower neopterin levels and Kyn/Trp in dental technicians compared to an unexposed group indicates a possible immune suppression with low level of occupational mercury exposure during amalgam preparation. The relationship between urinary mercury levels as an indicator of occupational mercury exposure and neopterin reminded an effect on T-cell-mediated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Girgin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | - Hande Sipahi
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Bilge Kilicarslan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Songül Ünüvar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inönü University , Malatya , Turkey
| | - Engin Tutkun
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University , Yozgat , Turkey
| | - Ömer Hinc Yilmaz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
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Cetinkaya AY, Kuzu SL, Bilgili L. Development of an MFC-biosensor for determination of Pb +2: an assessment from computational fluid dynamics and life cycle assessment perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:245. [PMID: 35246745 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09894-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC)-based biosensor sensing has emerged as an innovative approach to in situ and immediate monitoring of substrate concentration. MFC-biosensor uses bioanode as a sensing element. In this study, the performance of MFC-biosensor, operated with Pb+2, was studied at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The HRT ranges were 0.5, 1, and 2 days. The power density generation increased with the decreasing HRT. The highest achievable power density was obtained at HRT of 1 days with the density value of 597 mW/m2. The power density produced in the MFC system was stored in the energy storage system. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method simulates detailed three-dimensional flow and heat transfer properties in reactors and provides information about potential reactor design. CFD was chosen to simulate the concentration distribution of the substrate in the MFC in different reactor type and different HRTs. It was observed that there was good turbulence in the reactor in a two day HRT and the reactor volume was used effectively. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed at 1 day with the highest power density. An LCA was implemented to the production and operation processes of a microbial fuel cell. According to the results, these two processes caused 4.23 × 10-6 loss of healthy years, extinction of 1.3 × 10-8 species in a year and loss of $ 0.33 source availability. The emissions to air, water, and soil were also calculated. These results showed that MFC-biosensor provided information on the rate of biodegradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsin Y Cetinkaya
- Faculty Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University Civil Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - S Levent Kuzu
- Faculty Environmental Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University Civil Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Levent Bilgili
- Maritime Faculty, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma, Balıkesir, Turkey
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8
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Li Y, Chen L, Liang S, Zhou H, Liu YR, Zhong H, Yang Z. Looping Mercury Cycle in Global Environmental-Economic System Modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2861-2879. [PMID: 35129955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Minamata Convention on Mercury calls for Hg control actions to protect the environment and human beings from the adverse impacts of Hg pollution. It aims at the entire life cycle of Hg. Existing studies on the Hg cycle in the global environmental-economic system have characterized the emission-to-impact pathway of Hg pollution. That is, Hg emissions/releases from the economic system can have adverse impacts on human health and ecosystems. However, current modeling of the Hg cycle is not fully looped. It ignores the feedback of Hg-related environmental impacts (including human health impacts and ecosystem impacts) to the economic system. This would impede the development of more comprehensive Hg control actions. By synthesizing recent information on Hg cycle modeling, this critical review found that Hg-related environmental impacts would have feedbacks to the economic system via the labor force and biodiversity loss. However, the interactions between Hg-related activities in the environmental and economic systems are not completely clear. The cascading effects of Hg-related environmental impacts to the economic system throughout global supply chains have not been revealed. Here, we emphasize the knowledge gaps and propose possible approaches for looping the Hg cycle in global environmental-economic system modeling. This progress is crucial for formulating more dynamic and flexible Hg control measures. It provides new perspectives for the implementation of the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Sai Liang
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Zhou
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Huan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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9
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Han JL, Pan XD, Chen Q. Distribution and safety assessment of heavy metals in fresh meat from Zhejiang, China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3241. [PMID: 35217705 PMCID: PMC8881450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are increasing concerns on heavy metals in animal derived foods. We analyzed the levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb in 1066 fresh meat samples including pork, beef, mutton, chicken and duck from Zhejiang province, southeast China. The average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb were 0.018, 0.002, 0.061, 0.801, 0.0038, 0.055, and 0.029 mg/kg wet weight respectively. There are significant positive correlations among Cd, Hg and Pb (P < 0.05) and negative correlations for Cu–Pb or Cu–Cd (P < 0.05). The exposure assessment showed that the health risk to humans by consuming these meat products was relatively low. However, regular monitoring of heavy metals in meat products is still recommended considering their intensive industrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Long Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bin Sheng Road No. 3399, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, 310051, China
| | - Xiao Dong Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bin Sheng Road No. 3399, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, 310051, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Bin Sheng Road No. 3399, Binjiang District, Hangzhou City, 310051, China
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10
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Tang Y, Yi Q, Wang S, Xia Y, Geng B. Normal concentration range of blood mercury and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2010. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:7743-7757. [PMID: 34480303 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High blood mercury levels could lead to mercury poisoning, undoubtedly causing great harm to human health. However, the impact of the normal concentration of blood mercury on bone mineral density (BMD) is unclear. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between blood mercury levels and BMD and determined whether the relationship between blood mercury and BMD differs by populations. Two researchers extracted data from the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Multivariate linear regression models were performed to evaluate the relationship between mercury level and BMD of the femoral regions and spine. Subgroup analysis was used to estimate differences according to population subgroups. Moreover, the nonlinear relationship of blood mercury levels and BMD was assessed using smooth curve fitting and generalized additive models. The results showed increased BMD with increasing mercury levels by multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, especially in the femoral regions. Subgroup analysis showed that the relationship was more likely to be present in non-Hispanic Whites, while a negative correlation between blood mercury levels and spinal BMD was observed in non-Hispanic Blacks. Furthermore, males (aged 20 to 29 years) and females (aged 30 to 39 years) with low blood mercury levels (< 3 ug/L) had increased risks of osteopenia or osteoporosis. This study showed that blood mercury level within the normal reference value of 10 μg/dL may be associated with BMD, especially with a lower blood mercury level, which may suggest an elevated risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis. However, causation could not be established due to the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, #82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, #82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shenghong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, #82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, #82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, #82 Cuiyingmen, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
- Orthopaedic Clinical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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11
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Maisel P, Baum E, Donner-Banzhoff N. Fatigue as the Chief Complaint – Epidemiology, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 118:566-576. [PMID: 34196270 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fatigue is a main or secondary reason for 10-20% of all consultations with a primary care physician. METHODS This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a comprehensive, selective literature search on the epidemiology, etiology, and diagnostic evaluation of fatigue as a leading symptom of disease, as well as on the treatment of its common causes. Information was also included from the literature search we conducted for the German clinical practice guideline on fatigue that was issued by the German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin, DEGAM). RESULTS Fatigue can be due to any of a broad spectrum of diseases, including decompensation of already known conditions. Sleep disorders and sleep-related disorders of breathing, depression (18.5%), and excessive psychosocial stress are the most common causes of persistent fatigue. Previously undiagnosed cancer is a rare cause, accounting for only 0.6% of cases (95% confidence interval [0.3; 1.3]). Anemia and other organic causes are rare as well (4.3% [2.7; 6.7]). Investigations beyond the history, physical examination, and simple laboratory tests are needed only in the presence of additional symptoms or findings. If the diagnosis remains unclear, watchful waiting and regularly scheduled follow-up help prevent an excessive focus on somatic causes, leading to overdiagnosis. Irrespective of specific causes, psychoeducative and psychotherapeutic approaches should be discussed with the patient, as well as an individually adapted exercise program. CONCLUSION The work-up of fatigue as a chief complaint should be guided by investigating common and/or potentially dangerous disorders. Since the latter are rare, an exclusively somatic focus should be avoided in order to prevent overdiagnosis.
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Jonidi Jafari A, Esrafili A, Moradi Y, Mahmoudi N. Mercury level in biological samples of dentists in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:1655-1669. [PMID: 33312669 PMCID: PMC7721756 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00558-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mercury is an important risk to dentists health. The aim of the present study was to assess the pooled mean mercury level (MML) in the urine, blood, nail, and hair of Iranian dentists (IDs) through the meta-analysis technique. Comprehensive and systematic searches were performed in main local databases including SID, Magiran, Iran medex, and ISC as well as internationally available databases including Embase, PubMed and Scopus for all the relevant studies up to 2018. In order to prevent bias in this study and identify eligible studies, various steps of the study was performed independently by two researchers. Out of 13 studies in the meta-analysis process which included 1499 IDs, the mean of the mercury level in the urine, nail, and blood was estimated to be 6.29 (95% CI: 2.61-9.97, I-square: 62.7%, P: 0.006), 3.54 (95% CI: 2.81-4.28, I-square: 0.0%, P: 0.968), 11.20 (95% CI: 2.28-20.13, I-square: 59.9%, P: 0.082), respectively. The mean mercury level (MML) in the biological samples of IDs was higher than the standard of World Health Organization (WHO). So, in accordance with Article 10 of the European Union Regulations (EUR), in the context of the Minamata Convention (MC) on Dental Amalgam (DA), in order to avoid the dangers of mercury exposure in dentists, it is necessary for Iran and other countries to approve laws and to implement a national plan to reduce mercury levels and replace the appropriate materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jonidi Jafari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Norouz Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Research Center, Life style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Joy A, Qureshi A. Mercury in Dental Amalgam, Online Retail, and the Minamata Convention on Mercury. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14139-14142. [PMID: 33141561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Minamata Convention on Mercury (ref. 1) is a global treaty to protect human and environmental health from adverse effects of the toxic element mercury and its compounds. During the Third Conference of Parties (COP-3) in November 2019, elimination of the use of dental amalgam in oral health care was discussed. Dental amalgam is one of the most commonly used restorative materials in oral health care due to its strength and longevity (ref. 2). However, the use of mercury in an amalgam adds to global environmental mercury pollution and can contribute to adverse health effects on humans and other organisms. The outcomes of the COP-3 meeting included a call for information on the availability at a national scale, the economic and technical feasibility of alternatives, and the associated risks or benefits. In this feature, we discuss the risks and benefits of dental amalgam, the global tracking of availability and procurement, and the implications and realities for global phase out. We suggest a better accounting of mercury use in dental amalgam is needed with sales being made only to registered practitioners via a Know Your Customer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphin Joy
- IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, TS 502285, India
| | - Asif Qureshi
- IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, TS 502285, India
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14
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Chalkidis A, Jampaiah D, Aryana A, Wood CD, Hartley PG, Sabri YM, Bhargava SK. Mercury-bearing wastes: Sources, policies and treatment technologies for mercury recovery and safe disposal. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110945. [PMID: 32721358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lenient environmental policies in developing economies, mercury-containing wastes are partly produced as a result of the employment of mercury in manufacturing and consumer products. Worldwide, the presence of mercury as an impurity in several industrial processes leads to significant amounts of contaminated waste. The Minamata Convention on Mercury dictates that mercury-containing wastes should be handled in an environmentally sound way according to the Basel Convention Technical Guidelines. Nevertheless, the management policies differ a great deal from one country to another because only a few deploy or can afford to deploy the required technology and facilities. In general, elemental mercury and mercury-bearing wastes should be stabilized and solidified before they are disposed of or permanently stored in specially engineered landfills and facilities, respectively. Prior to physicochemical treatment and depending on mercury's concentration, the contaminated waste may be thermally or chemically processed to reduce mercury's content to an acceptable level. The suitability of the treated waste for final disposal is then assessed by the application of standard leaching tests whose capacity to evaluate its long-term behavior is rather questionable. This review critically discusses the main methods employed for the recovery of mercury and the treatment of contaminated waste by analyzing representative examples from the industry. Furthermore, it gives a complete overview of all relevant issues by presenting the sources of mercury-bearing wastes, explaining the problems associated with the operation of conventional discharging facilities and providing an insight of the disposal policies adopted in selected geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Chalkidis
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Energy Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Deshetti Jampaiah
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Amir Aryana
- Energy Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia
| | - Colin D Wood
- Australian Resources Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Kensington, WA 6152, Australia; Curtin Oil and Gas Innovation Centre (CUOGIC), Curtin University, Kensington, WA 6152, Australia
| | - Patrick G Hartley
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Energy Business Unit, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Ylias M Sabri
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Suresh K Bhargava
- Centre for Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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15
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J, Peana M. Metals, autoimmunity, and neuroendocrinology: Is there a connection? ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 187:109541. [PMID: 32445945 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that metals can induce autoimmunity. However, few studies have attempted to assess and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action. Recent research has tried to evaluate the possible interactions of the immune system with metal ions, particularly with heavy metals. Research indicates that metals have the potential to induce or promote the development of autoimmunity in humans. Metal-induced inflammation may dysregulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and thus contribute to fatigue and other non-specific symptoms characterizing disorders related to autoimmune diseases. The toxic effects of several metals are also mediated through free radical formation, cell membrane disturbance, or enzyme inhibition. There are worldwide increases in environmental metal pollution. It is therefore critical that studies on the role of metals in autoimmunity, and neuroendocrine disorders, including effects on the developing immune system and brain and the genetic susceptibility are performed. These studies can lead to efficient preventive strategies and improved therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have retrieved and commented on studies that evaluated the effects of metal toxicity on immune and endocrine-related pathways. This review aims to increase awareness of metals as factors in the onset and progression of autoimmune and neuroendocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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16
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Anyanwu BO, Orisakwe OE. Current mechanistic perspectives on male reproductive toxicity induced by heavy metals. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2020; 38:204-244. [PMID: 32648503 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2020.1782116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposures to heavy metals have led to various deleterious damages to the biological system of which infertility is one of them. Infertility is a global public health concern, affecting 15% of all couples of reproductive age. Out of the 100% cases of reported infertility among couples, 40% of the cases are related to male factors; including decreased semen quality. This review focuses on the recent mechanistic perspectives of heavy metal-induced male reproductive toxicity. The associated toxic metal-mediated mechanisms of male reproductive toxicity include ion mimicry, disruption of cell signaling pathways, oxidative stress, altered gene expression, epigenetic regulation of gene expression, apoptosis, disruption of testis/blood barrier, inflammation and endocrine disruption. The current literature suggests that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) mediate paternal intergenerational epigenetic inheritance and thus has a direct functional importance, as well as possess novel biomarker potential, for male reproductive toxicity. To identify the specific ncRNAs with the most profound impacts on heavy metal-induced male reproductive toxicity should be thrust of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brilliance Onyinyechi Anyanwu
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Orish Ebere Orisakwe
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
- World Bank Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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17
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Manyani A, Rhalem N, Ennibi OK, Soulaymani A, Hmimou R, Soulaymani-Bencheikh R. Gestion des déchets médicaux et pharmaceutiques produits au niveau des cabinets dentaires privés et publics des provinces de Rabat et Kénitra, Maroc. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Duval B, Gredilla A, Fdez-Ortiz de Vallejuelo S, Tessier E, Amouroux D, de Diego A. A simple determination of trace mercury concentrations in natural waters using dispersive Micro-Solid phase extraction preconcentration based on functionalized graphene nanosheets. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Bi CC, Ke XX, Chen X, Weerasooriya R, Hong ZY, Wang LC, Wu YC. Assembling reduced graphene oxide with sulfur/nitrogen- “hooks” for electrochemical determination of Hg(II). Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1100:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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20
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Guo L, Song Y, Cai K, Wang L. "On-off" ratiometric fluorescent detection of Hg 2+ based on N-doped carbon dots-rhodamine B@TAPT-DHTA-COF. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 227:117703. [PMID: 31685421 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are new porous crystalline materials owning outstanding stability, adsorbability and hypotoxicity. The assembly of fluorescence probes into porous COF provides a good method for ratiometric fluorescence detection avoiding the toxic effects of fluorescence probes to the samples. Herein, a two-dimensional COF (TAPT-DHTA-COF) was employed as a host to encapsulate N-doped carbon dots (NCDs) and Rhodamine B (RhB) (NCDs-RhB@COF). NCDs and RhB were uniformly assembled into the pores of TAPT-DHTA- COF based on the hydrogen bond. The as-prepared NCDs-RhB@COF nanocomposites exhibited blue emission of NCDs at 440 nm and red emission of RhB at 570 nm at excitation of 340 nm. After the addition of Hg2+, the blue emission became weaker while the red emission was enhanced due to the strong coordination between NCDs-RhB@COF and Hg2+. This "on-off" fluorescence probe was applied in detection of trace Hg2+ with linear range of 0.048-10 μM and detection limit of 15.9 nM together with appropriate selectivity, acceptable sensitivity and stability. The work shreds some light for COF as platform to construct ratiometric fluorescent sensor for industrial and biological application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Yonghai Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Keying Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Jiangxi Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, 99 Ziyang Road, Nanchang, 330022, China.
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21
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Xue Y, Ma L, Zhang L, Zhao W, Li Z, Li Q. A Green, Rapid and Efficient Dual-Sensors for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Cation (Hg 2+) and Anion (S 2-) Ions Based on CMS/AgNPs Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010113. [PMID: 31948031 PMCID: PMC7023171 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of mercury (Hg2+) and sulfide (S2−), universal and well-known toxic ions, is crucial in monitoring several diseases. How to design and fabricate the high-performance sensor for simultaneously and accurately detecting the Hg2+ and S2− is critical. Herein, we proposed a novel and convenient strategy for optical detection of Hg2+ and S2− by employing a carboxymethyl cellulose sodium/silver nanoparticle (CMS/AgNPs) colloidal solution, in which AgNPs were used as monitor for Hg2+ and S2−, and the CMS was utilized as both the stabilizer and the hydrophilic substrate for AgNPs. Well-identifiable peaks for Hg2+ and S2– were obtained in water based on UV–VIS absorption spectra, the absorbance intensity and/or position of nano-silver vary with the addition of Hg2+ cation and S2– anion, accompanying with color change. Impressively, the optimal AgNPs anchored CMS exhibited a high sensitivity and selectivity toward Hg2+ and S2−, the change in absorbance was linear with the concentration of Hg2+ (0–50 μM) and S2− (15–70 μM), and the lowest limits of detection (LOD) were 1.8 × 10−8 M and 2.4 × 10−7 M, respectively. More importantly, owing to the superior properties in testing Hg2+ and S2−, the fabricated sensor was successfully applied for detection of target ions in lake and tap water samples. All these good results implied that the designed strategy and as-designed samples is promising in detecting cation (Hg2+) and anion (S2−) ions and open up new opportunities for selecting other kinds of ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.X.); (L.M.); (L.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lina Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.X.); (L.M.); (L.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.X.); (L.M.); (L.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wanting Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.X.); (L.M.); (L.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zichao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Qun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.X.); (L.M.); (L.Z.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-8595-0705
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22
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Xiao Z, Cheng B, Wang C, Wang Z. High Stability and Strong Fluorescence of Carbon Nanodots as Nanosensor for Hg 2+ in Environmental Waters. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 104:57-63. [PMID: 31768565 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-019-02753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pollution of toxic heavy-metal ions such as mercury ions (Hg2+) is well known to severely threaten ecological environment and human health. Correspondingly, development of a fast and sensitive method for detecting heavy-metal ions is urgently needed and has been received widespread attention in recent years. In this study, carbon nanodots (CDs) with strong blue fluorescence were synthesized by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The as-prepared blue fluorescent CDs not only have excellent stability (e.g. photostability, salt stability and pH stability), but also have extremely high selectivity and sensitivity for probing Hg2+ via fluorescence quenching. Specifically, fluorescence of CDs is gradually quenched along with the increase in Hg2+ concentration, and a low concentration of Hg2+ can be identified (with low detection limit, 15 nM). Therefore, the novel fluorescent CDs could be developed for detecting Hg2+ in aqueous conditions, and have great potential for fast probing Hg2+ in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenggao Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bingxu Cheng
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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23
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Bjørklund G, Crisponi G, Nurchi VM, Cappai R, Buha Djordjevic A, Aaseth J. A Review on Coordination Properties of Thiol-Containing Chelating Agents Towards Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead. Molecules 2019; 24:E3247. [PMID: 31489907 PMCID: PMC6767255 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article reviews the clinical use of thiol-based metal chelators in intoxications and overexposure with mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb). Currently, very few commercially available pharmaceuticals can successfully reduce or prevent the toxicity of these metals. The metal chelator meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is considerably less toxic than the classical agent British anti-Lewisite (BAL, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol) and is the recommended agent in poisonings with Pb and organic Hg. Its toxicity is also lower than that of DMPS (dimercaptopropane sulfonate), although DMPS is the recommended agent in acute poisonings with Hg salts. It is suggested that intracellular Cd deposits and cerebral deposits of inorganic Hg, to some extent, can be mobilized by a combination of antidotes, but clinical experience with such combinations are lacking. Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) has been suggested for toxic metal detoxification but is not considered a drug of choice in clinical practice. The molecular mechanisms and chemical equilibria of complex formation of the chelators with the metal ions Hg2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ are reviewed since insight into these reactions can provide a basis for further development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, N-8610 Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Guido Crisponi
- Cittadella Universitaria, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Rosita Cappai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital, N-2380 Brumunddal, Norway.
- Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, N-2411 Elverum, Norway.
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119146 Moscow, Russia.
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24
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Bjørklund G, Chirumbolo S, Dadar M, Pivina L, Lindh U, Butnariu M, Aaseth J. Mercury exposure and its effects on fertility and pregnancy outcome. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 125:317-327. [PMID: 31136080 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), a highly toxic environmental pollutant, shows harmfulness which still represents a big concern for human health, including hazards to fertility and pregnancy outcome. Research has shown that Hg could induce impairments in the reproductive function, cellular deformation of the Leydig cells and the seminiferous tubules, and testicular degeneration as well as abnormal menstrual cycles. Some studies investigated spontaneous abortion and complicated fertility outcome due to occupational Hg exposure. Moreover, there is a relation between inhaled Hg vapour and reproductive outcome. This MiniReview evaluates the hypothesis that exposure to Hg may increase the risk of reduced fertility, spontaneous abortion and congenital deficits or abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan.,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Ulf Lindh
- Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.,CONEM Romania Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences Group, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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25
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Warwick D, Young M, Palmer J, Ermel RW. Mercury vapor volatilization from particulate generated from dental amalgam removal with a high-speed dental drill - a significant source of exposure. J Occup Med Toxicol 2019; 14:22. [PMID: 31346345 PMCID: PMC6637613 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-019-0240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ubiquitous use of dental amalgam for over 180 years has resulted in the exposure of millions of dental workers to mercury. Dental amalgam contains approximately 50% mercury. Dental workers, including dentists, dental assistants, and dental hygienists, have been shown to have increased levels of mercury and suffer more from health issues related to mercury exposure than the general public. Mercury is known to be absorbed via inhalation or through the skin. There are many routine dental procedures that require the removal of dental amalgam by using the dental high-speed drill, which we suspected generates an occupational mercury exposure that is not sufficiently recognized. Results We showed that drilling dental amalgam generates particulate that volatilizes significant amounts of mercury vapor generally for more than an hour after removal. The levels of mercury vapor created by this procedure frequently exceed the safety thresholds of several jurisdictions and agencies. Conclusions A significant, underrecognized source of localized exposure to mercury vapor was identified in this study. The vapor was created by microgram levels of particulate generated from dental amalgam removal with a high-speed dental drill, even when all feasible engineering controls were used to reduce mercury exposure. This exposure may explain why dental workers incur health effects when safety thresholds are not breached. The dispersion patterns for the particulate are not known, so the use of effective skin barriers and inhalation protection are required during amalgam removal to protect the dental worker from this form of occupational mercury exposure. Standard methodologies for occupational mercury exposure assessment appear to be inadequate when assessing mercury exposure during amalgam removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Warwick
- Dental Practice, Hanna Dental Clinic, 202, 2nd Ave W, Hanna, Alberta Canada
| | - Matt Young
- Dental Practice, 728 5th Ave. West, Hendersonville, NC USA
| | - Joe Palmer
- Dental Practice, Palmer Distinctive Dentistry, 134 Milestone Way, Greenville, SC USA
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26
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Yuan A, Wu X, Li X, Hao C, Xu C, Kuang H. Au@gap@AuAg Nanorod Side-by-Side Assemblies for Ultrasensitive SERS Detection of Mercury and its Transformation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901958. [PMID: 31106526 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most toxic heavy metal elements, mercury ion (Hg2+ ) and its methylated product, methylmercury (MeHg) can pose a threat to human health and the environment. Herein, a novel Raman biosensor with cascade sensitivity is developed for Hg2+ detection through Au@gap@AuAg nanorod side-by-side assemblies. Due to the strong electromagnetic coupling from the assemblies and core-shell structure, the Raman sensor possesses high sensitivity with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.001 ng mL-1 , which is about one order lower than traditional atomic fluorescence spectrometer (AFS) methods. Moreover, the fabricated biosensor is used to measure residual mercury levels in tissues and eggs of hens fed high-mercury diets, and the results show total mercury in collected egg yolks is 20 times higher than whites. Furthermore, the form of mercury in the eggs is also analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with AFS, and, unexpectedly, the methylated product MeHg tends to only be found in egg whites. These interesting differences may indicate a new research direction for the toxicity of mercury in living organisms, and the developed ultrasensitive Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) method could pave a broad way for the application of biosensors in Hg detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Changlong Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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Silpcharu K, Sukwattanasinitt M, Rashatasakhon P. Novel sulfonamidospirobifluorenes as fluorescent sensors for mercury(ii) ion and glutathione. RSC Adv 2019; 9:11451-11458. [PMID: 35520214 PMCID: PMC9063287 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00004f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel spirobifluorene derivatives containing two and four sulfonamide groups are successfully synthesized from the commercially available bromo-9,9'-spirobifluorene by Sonogashira couplings. These compounds exhibit an excellent selective fluorescence quenching by Hg(ii) in DMSO/HEPES buffer mixture with three-times-noise detection limits of 10.4 to 103.8 nM. A static aggregation induced quenching mechanism is proposed based on the data from 1H-NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, as well as the observation of the Tyndall effect. Quantifications of Hg(ii) using these sensors are in good agreement with those obtained from ICP-OES. The reversibility of these sensors is demonstrated by a complete fluorescence restoration upon addition of EDTA or l-glutathione. The application as a turn-on sensor for l-glutathione is demonstrated in a quantitative analysis of three samples of l-glutathione supplement drinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komthep Silpcharu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Mongkol Sukwattanasinitt
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand +66 (2) 2187598 +66 (2) 2187633
| | - Paitoon Rashatasakhon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand
- Nanotec-CU Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand +66 (2) 2187598 +66 (2) 2187633
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28
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Bjørklund G, Hilt B, Dadar M, Lindh U, Aaseth J. Neurotoxic effects of mercury exposure in dental personnel. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 124:568-574. [PMID: 30589214 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported neurobehavioural effects in dental personnel occupationally exposed to chronic low levels of mercury (Hg). Hg exposure from dental work may also induce various chronic conditions such as elevation of amyloid protein expression, deterioration of microtubules and increase or inhibition of transmitter release at motor nerve terminal endings. Therefore, clinical studies of Hg toxicity in dentistry may provide new knowledge about disturbed metal homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and mood disorders. The purpose of this MiniReview is to evaluate the evidence of possible relevance between Hg exposure in dentistry and idiopathic disturbances in motor functions, cognitive skills and affective reactions, as well as dose-response relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Bjørn Hilt
- Department of Occupational Medicine, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ulf Lindh
- Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.,Faculty of Health and Social Science, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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29
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Bjørklund G, Lindh U, Aaseth J, Mutter J, Chirumbolo S. Mercury in dental amalgams: A great concern for clinical toxicology in developing countries? J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 51:9-11. [PMID: 30466944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Ulf Lindh
- Biology Education Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Joachim Mutter
- Environmental Medicine, Konstanz, Germany and Paracelsus Clinica al Ronc, Castaneda, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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30
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Wen GL, Zhao W, Chen X, Liu JQ, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Huang ZJ, Wu YC. N-doped reduced graphene oxide /MnO2 nanocomposite for electrochemical detection of Hg2+ by square wave stripping voltammetry. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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