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Mabagala FS, Zhang T, Zeng X, He C, Shan H, Qiu C, Gao X, Zhang N, Su S. A review of amendments for simultaneously reducing Cd and As availability in paddy soils and rice grain based on meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121661. [PMID: 38991353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice grains is a global food safety issue, and various methods and materials have been used to remove or reduce As and Cd in agricultural soils and rice grains. Despite the availability of synthesized materials capable of simultaneous As and Cd reduction from soil and rice grains, the contributions, efficiency, and main ingredients of the materials for As and Cd immobilization remain unclear. The present study first summarized the biogeochemistry of As and Cd in paddy soils and their transfer in the soil-food-human continuum. We also reviewed a series of reported inorganic and organic materials for simultaneous immobilization of As and Cd in paddy soils, and their reduction efficiency of As and Cd bioavailability were listed and compared. Based on the abovementioned materials, the study conducted a meta-analysis of 38 articles with 2565 observations to quantify the impacts of materials on simultaneous As and Cd reduction from soil and rice grains. Meta-analysis results showed that combining organic and inorganic amendments corresponded to effect sizes of -62.3% and -67.8% on As and Cd accumulation in rice grains, while the effect sizes on As and Cd reduction in paddy soils were -44.2% and -46.2%, respectively. Application of Fe based materials significantly (P < 0.05) reduced As (-54.2%) and Cd (-74.9%), accounting for the highest immobilization efficiency of As and Cd in rice grain among all the reviewed materials, outweighing S, Mn, P, Si, and Ca based materials. Moreover, precipitation, surface complexation, ion exchange, and electrostatic attraction mechanisms were involved in the co-immobilization tactics. The present study underlines the application of combined organic and inorganic amendments in simultaneous As and Cd immobilization. It also highlighted that employing Fe-incorporated biochar material may be a potential strategy for co-mitigating As and Cd pollution in paddy soils and accumulation in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Stephano Mabagala
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Tanzania Agricultural Research Institution (TARI), TARI-Mlingano Centre, P.O. Box 5088, Tanga, Tanzania
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China; Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Xibai Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Chao He
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Hong Shan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, 850000, PR China
| | - Xue Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Xizang Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, 850000, PR China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Shiming Su
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China
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2
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Su X, Narayanan M, Shi X, Chen X, Li Z, Ma Y. Mitigating heavy metal accumulation in tobacco: Strategies, mechanisms, and global initiatives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172128. [PMID: 38565350 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The threat of heavy metal (HM) pollution looms large over plant growth and human health, with tobacco emerging as a highly vulnerable plant due to its exceptional absorption capacity. The widespread cultivation of tobacco intensifies these concerns, posing increased risks to human health as HMs become more pervasive in tobacco-growing soils globally. The absorption of these metals not only impedes tobacco growth and quality but also amplifies health hazards through smoking. Implementing proactive strategies to minimize HM absorption in tobacco is of paramount importance. Various approaches, encompassing chemical immobilization, transgenic modification, agronomic adjustments, and microbial interventions, have proven effective in curbing HM accumulation and mitigating associated adverse effects. However, a comprehensive review elucidating these control strategies and their mechanisms remains notably absent. This paper seeks to fill this void by examining the deleterious effects of HM exposure on tobacco plants and human health through tobacco consumption. Additionally, it provides a thorough exploration of the mechanisms responsible for reducing HM content in tobacco. The review consolidates and synthesizes recent domestic and international initiatives aimed at mitigating HM content in tobacco, delivering a comprehensive overview of their current status, benefits, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Department of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China.
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Yang X, Zhang K, Qi Z, Shaghaleh H, Gao C, Chang T, Zhang J, Hamoud YA. Field Examinations on the Application of Novel Biochar-Based Microbial Fertilizer on Degraded Soils and Growth Response of Flue-Cured Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1328. [PMID: 38794400 PMCID: PMC11125685 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Southwestern China is receiving excessive chemical fertilizers to meet the challenges of continuous cropping. These practices are deteriorating the soil environment and affecting tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yield and quality adversely. A novel microbially enriched biochar-based fertilizer was synthesized using effective microorganisms, tobacco stalk biochar and basal fertilizer. A field-scale study was conducted to evaluate the yield response of tobacco grown on degraded soil amended with our novel biochar-based microbial fertilizer (BF). Four treatments of BF (0%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 5%) were applied in the contaminated field to grow tobacco. The application of BF1.5, BF2.5 and BF5.0 increased the available water contents by 9.47%, 1.18% and 2.19% compared to that with BF0 respectively. Maximum growth of tobacco in terms of plant height and leaf area was recorded for BF1.5 compared to BF0. BF1.5, BF2.5 and BF5.0 increased SPAD by 13.18-40.53%, net photosynthetic rate by 5.44-60.42%, stomatal conductance by 8.33-44.44%, instantaneous water use efficiency by 55.41-93.24% and intrinsic water use efficiency by 0.09-24.11%, while they decreased the intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate by 3.85-6.84% and 0.29-47.18% relative to BF0, respectively (p < 0.05). The maximum increase in tobacco yield was recorded with BF1.5 (23.81%) compared to that with BF0. The present study concludes that the application of BF1.5 improves and restores the degraded soil by improving the hydraulic conductivity and by increasing the tobacco yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- China Meteorological Administration Hydro-Meteorology Key Laboratory, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- China Meteorological Administration Hydro-Meteorology Key Laboratory, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhiming Qi
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - Hiba Shaghaleh
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China;
| | - Tingting Chang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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Wang X, Riaz M, Xia X, Babar S, El-Desouki Z, Li Y, Wang J, Jiang C. Alleviation of cotton growth suppression caused by salinity through biochar is strongly linked to the microbial metabolic potential in saline-alkali soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171407. [PMID: 38432366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is a typical soil organic amendment; however, there is limited understanding of its impact on the metabolic characteristics of microorganisms in saline-alkaline soil microenvironment, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of plant-microorganism interactions. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the impact of saline-alkali stress on cotton, a 6-month pot experiment was conducted, involving the sowing of cotton seedlings in saline-alkali soil. Three different biochar application levels were established: 0 % (C0), 1 % (C1), and 2 % (C2). Results indicated that biochar addition improved the biomass of cotton plants, especially under C2 treatment; the dry weight of cotton bolls were 8.15 times that of C0. Biochar application led to a rise in the accumulation of photosynthetic pigments by 8.30-51.89 % and carbohydrates by 7.4-10.7 times, respectively. Moreover, peroxidase (POD) activity, the content of glutathione (GSH), and ascorbic acid (ASA) were elevated by 23.97 %, 118.39 %, and 48.30 % under C2 treatment, respectively. Biochar caused a reduction in Na+ uptake by 8.21-39.47 %, relative electrical conductivity (REC) of plants, and improved K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratio indicating that biochar alleviated salinity-caused growth reduction. Additionally, the application of biochar enhanced the absorption intensity of polysaccharide fingerprints in cotton leaves and roots. Two-factor co-occurrence analysis indicated that the key differential metabolites connected to several metabolic pathways were L-phenylalanine, piperidine, L-tryptophan, and allysine. Interestingly, biochar altered the metabolic characteristics of saline-alkali soil, especially related to the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids and purine metabolism. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that biochar may be advantageous in saline soil microenvironment; it has a favorable impact on how plants and soil microbial metabolism interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangling Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Xia
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Saba Babar
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Zeinab El-Desouki
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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Chaubey A, Pratap T, Preetiva B, Patel M, Singsit JS, Pittman CU, Mohan D. Definitive Review of Nanobiochar. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:12331-12379. [PMID: 38524436 PMCID: PMC10955718 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Nanobiochar is an advanced nanosized biochar with enhanced properties and wide applicability for a variety of modern-day applications. Nanobiochar can be developed easily from bulk biochar through top-down approaches including ball-milling, centrifugation, sonication, and hydrothermal synthesis. Nanobiochar can also be modified or engineered to obtain "engineered nanobiochar" or biochar nanocomposites with enhanced properties and applications. Nanobiochar provides many fold enhancements in surface area (0.4-97-times), pore size (0.1-5.3-times), total pore volume (0.5-48.5-times), and surface functionalities over bulk biochars. These enhancements have given increased contaminant sorption in both aqueous and soil media. Further, nanobiochar has also shown catalytic properties and applications in sensors, additive/fillers, targeted drug delivery, enzyme immobilization, polymer production, etc. The advantages and disadvantages of nanobiochar over bulk biochar are summarized herein, in detail. The processes and mechanisms involved in nanobiochar synthesis and contaminants sorption over nanobiochar are summarized. Finally, future directions and recommendations are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tej Pratap
- School
of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | | - Manvendra Patel
- School
of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jonathan S. Singsit
- School
of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Charles U. Pittman
- Department
of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- School
of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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6
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Jin W, Cheng L, Liu C, Liu H, Jiao Q, Wang H, Deng Z, Seth CS, Guo H, Shi Y. Cadmium negatively affects the growth and physiological status and the alleviation effects by exogenous selenium in silage maize (Zea mays L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:21646-21658. [PMID: 38396179 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Increasing soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a serious threat to human food health and safety. In order to reduce Cd uptake and Cd toxicity in silage maize, hydroponic tests were conducted to investigate the effect of exogenous Cd on the toxicity of silage maize in this study. In the study, a combination of Cd (5, 20, 50, 80, and 10 μM) treatments was applied in a hydroponic system. With increasing Cd concentration, Cd significantly inhibited the total root length (RL), root surface area (SA), root volume (RV), root tip number (RT), and branching number (RF) of maize seedlings, which were reduced by 28.1 to 71.3%, 20.2 to 64.9%, 11.2 to 56.5%, 43.7 to 63.4%, and 38.2 to 72.6%, respectively. The excessive Cd accumulation inhibited biomass accumulation and reduced silage maize growth, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content and activated the antioxidant systems, including increasing lipid peroxidation and stimulating catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), but reduced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in the root. Besides, selenium (Se) significantly decreased the Cd concentration of the shoot and root by 27.1% and 35.1% under Cd50, respectively. Our results reveal that exogenously applied Cd reduced silage maize growth and impaired photosynthesis. Whereas silage maize can tolerate Cd by increasing the concentration of ascorbate and glutathione and activating the antioxidant defense system, the application of exogenous selenium significantly reduced the content of Cd in silage maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihuan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lan Cheng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Qiujuan Jiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Haoyang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhaolong Deng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | | | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yong Shi
- College of Agronomy, Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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7
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Sun J, Wang P, Guo Y, Hu B, Wang X. Effect of biochar derived from co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and rice straw on cadmium immobilization in paddy soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-26826-4. [PMID: 37208509 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26826-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of cadmium (Cd) contaminated cropland has been related to food safety and public health. While biochar derived from sewage sludge (SS) has been widely used for soil remediation due to its high efficiency of Cd immobilization, it has a low specific surface area and the ecological risk of heavy metals. Co-pyrolysis of straws and SS could resolve these issues. To date, little is known about the effect of biochar from SS/rice straw (RS) on Cd immobilization in soils. Here, we explored the soil remediation efficiency and mechanism of biochar derived from different mixing ratios (1:0, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 0:1) of RS and SS named as RBC, R3S1, R2S1, R1S1, R1S2, R1S3 and SBC. It was shown that R1S2 amendment had the most efficiency of Cd immobilization among all amendments, which decreased the bioavailable Cd by 85.61% and 66.89% compared with RBC and SBC amendments. Results of biochar after soil remediation revealed that cation-π interaction, complexation, ion exchange and precipitation were the key mechanisms of Cd immobilization by biochar. All biochar amendments indirectly promoted Cd immobilization through increasing soil pH values, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic carbon (SOC) and available phosphorous (AP). Compared with RBC, R1S2 reduced bioavailable Cd mainly through the increased soil pH, CEC and AP. However, the enhanced efficiency of Cd immobilization in R1S2 amendment than that in SBC amendment because of the more developed pore structure, functional groups and larger specific surface area of R1S2. Overall, our study showed a new type of biochar for the effective remediation of Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Road Xikang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China, 210098
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Road Xikang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China, 210098.
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Road Xikang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China, 210098
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Road Xikang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China, 210098
| | - Xun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Road Xikang, Nanjing, People's Republic of China, 210098
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8
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Ghassemi-Golezani K, Farhangi-Abriz S. Solid and modified biochars mitigate root cell lignification and improve nutrients uptake in mint plants under fluoride and cadmium stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107757. [PMID: 37196372 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Lignification is a physiological process that reduces pollutants' entrance into plant root cells via blocking apoplastic pathways. The closure of apoplastic pathways can also decrease the nutrients' uptake by roots. Application of biochar as an efficient soil amendment might be useful in increasing nutrients influx into root cells by decreasing lignification. Therefore, this experiment was performed to examine the conceivable effects of biochar forms [solid and chemically altered biochars with H2O2, KOH and H3PO4 (25 g biochar forms kg-1 soil)] on modifying lignification process and nutrients uptake by mint (Mentha crispa L.) plants under toxicity of cadmium and fluoride. The biochar treatments boosted plant root growth and activity as well as the real content and maximum sorption capacity of Zn, Fe, Mg, and Ca under stressful conditions. In contrast, biochar treatments increased root cell viability and reduced fluoride and cadmium contents, and oxidative damages under stressful conditions. The biochar treatments decreased the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase enzymes under toxic conditions, which led to a decrease in the contents of lignin and its monomers (p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, guaiacyl, and syringaldehyde) in the roots. Solid biochar was less effective than engineered biochars in reducing root cell lignification. Therefore, addition of biochar forms to the soil could be an effective way to reduce root cell lignification and enhance nutrients uptake by plants under cadmium and fluoride toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Salar Farhangi-Abriz
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
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9
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Guan Y, Zou Z, Qiu Z, Dai Z, Yi L, Zhou W, Li J. Effects of α-Fe 2O 3 nanoparticles and biochar on plant growth and fruit quality of muskmelon under cadmium stress. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-023-01569-w. [PMID: 37071265 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01569-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium pollution in farmland has become a global environmental problem, threatening ecological security and human health. Biochar is effective in remediation of soil pollution. However, high concentrations of biochar can inhibit plant growth, and low concentrations of biochar have limited mitigation effect on cadmium toxicity. Therefore, the combination of low-concentration biochar and other amendments is a promising approach to alleviate cadmium toxicity in plants and improve the safety of edible parts. In this study, muskmelon was selected as the research object, and different concentrations of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were used alone or combined with biochar to explore the effects of different treatments on muskmelon plants in cadmium-contaminated soil. The results showed that the combined application of 250 mg/kg α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and biochar had a good effect on the repair of cadmium toxicity in muskmelon plants. Compared with cadmium treatment, its application increased plant height by 32.53%, cadmium transport factor from root to stem decreased by 32.95%, chlorophyll content of muskmelon plants increased by 14.27%, and cadmium content in muskmelon flesh decreased by 18.83%. Moreover, after plant harvest, soil available cadmium content in 250 mg/kg α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and biochar combined treatment decreased by 31.18% compared with cadmium treatment. The results of this study provide an effective reference for the composite application of different exogenous amendments and a feasible idea for soil heavy metal remediation and mitigation of cadmium pollution in farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqiang Wang
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Guan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkang Zou
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengming Qiu
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyi Dai
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Licong Yi
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Economic Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Hubei Province, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Liu Z, Wu X, Hou L, Ji S, Zhang Y, Fan W, Li T, Zhang L, Liu P, Yang L. Effects of cadmium on transcription, physiology, and ultrastructure of two tobacco cultivars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161751. [PMID: 36690104 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metal pollutants worldwide. Tobacco is an important cash crop; however, the accumulation of Cd in its biomass is very high. Cadmium may enter the body of smokers with contaminated tobacco and the surrounding environment via smoke. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of Cd accumulation and tolerance in tobacco plants, especially in the leaves. In this study, the effects of Cd on the growth, accumulation, and biochemical indices of two tobacco varieties, K326 (Cd resistant) and NC55 (Cd sensitive), were studied through transcriptomic and physiological experiments. Transcriptome and physiological analyses showed differences in the expression of Cd transport and Cd resistance related genes between NC55 and K326 under Cd stress. The root meristem cells of NC55 were more severely damaged. The antioxidant enzyme activity, ABA and ZT content, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity in K326 leaves were higher than in NC55. These data elucidate the mechanisms of low Cd accumulation and high Cd tolerance in K326 leaves and provide a theoretical basis for cultivating tobacco varieties with low Cd accumulation and high Cd resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Xiuzhe Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Shengzhe Ji
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Weiru Fan
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China.
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China.
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11
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da Silva MD, Schnorr C, Lütke SF, Silva LFO, Manera C, Perondi D, Godinho M, Collazzo GC, Dotto GL. Citrus fruit residues as alternative precursors to developing H 2O and CO 2 activated carbons and its application for Cu(II) adsorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:63661-63677. [PMID: 37055691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to its toxicity, the presence of Cu(II) ions released in aquatic environments presents a serious threat to the environment and human health. In search of sustainable and low-cost alternatives, there are citrus fruit residues, which are generated in large quantities by the juice industries and can be used to produce activated carbons. Therefore, the physical route was investigated for producing activated carbons to reuse citrus wastes. In this work, eight activated carbons were developed, varying the precursor (orange peel-OP, mandarine peel-MP, rangpur lime peel-RLP, and sweet lime peel-SLP) and the activating agent (CO2 and H2O) to remove Cu(II) ions of the aqueous medium. Results revealed promising activated carbons with a micro-mesoporous structure, a specific surface area of around 400 m2 g-1, and a pore volume of around 0.25 cm3 g-1. In addition, Cu (II) adsorption was favored at pH 5.5. The kinetic study showed that the equilibrium was reached within 60 min removing about 80% of Cu(II) ions. The Sips model was the most suitable for the equilibrium data, providing maximum adsorption capacities (qmS) values of 69.69, 70.27, 88.04, 67.83 mg g-1 for activated carbons (AC-CO2) from OP, MP, RLP, and SLP, respectively. The thermodynamic behavior showed that the adsorption process of Cu(II) ions was spontaneous, favorable, and endothermic. It was suggested that the mechanism was controlled by surface complexation and Cu2+-π interaction. Desorption was possible with an HCl solution (0.5 mol L-1). From the results obtained in this work, it is possible to infer that citrus residues could be successfully converted into efficient adsorbents to remove Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele D da Silva
- Research Group On Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Schnorr
- Universidad de La Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, 080002, Barranquilla, , Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Sabrina F Lütke
- Research Group On Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis F O Silva
- Universidad de La Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, 080002, Barranquilla, , Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Christian Manera
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias Do Sul-UCS, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniele Perondi
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias Do Sul-UCS, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Godinho
- Engineering of Processes and Technologies Post-Graduate Program, University of Caxias Do Sul-UCS, Caxias Do Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela C Collazzo
- Research Group On Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Dotto
- Research Group On Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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12
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Hossein M, Asha R, Bakari R, Islam NF, Jiang G, Sarma H. Exploring eco-friendly approaches for mitigating pharmaceutical and personal care products in aquatic ecosystems: A sustainability assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 316:137715. [PMID: 36621687 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global water scarcity is exacerbated by climate change, population growth, and water pollution. Over half of the world's population will be affected by water shortages for at least a month annually by 2050 due toa lack of clean water sources. Even though recycling wastewater helps meet the growing demand, new pollutants, including pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), pose a health threat since conventional methods cannot remove them and their environmental monitoring regulations are yet in place. Therefore, the current review aims to investigate and propose eco-friendly technologies for removing PPCPs from wastewater and their implementation strategies for ecosystem safety. Findings indicated the absence of a single wastewater treatment technology that can remove all PPCPs in a single operation. Instead, biotechnological methods are one of the alternatives that can remove PPCPs from aquatic environments. In this context, community involvement and knowledge transfer are identified keys to clean water resources' long-term sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miraji Hossein
- Department' of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Dodoma, P. O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Ripanda Asha
- Department' of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Dodoma, P. O. Box 338, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Ramadhani Bakari
- Department of Petroleum and Energy Engineering, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, 41000, Tanzania
| | - Nazim Forid Islam
- Institutional Biotech Hub (IBT Hub), Department of Botany, Nanda Nath Saikia College, Titabar, Assam, 785630, India
| | - Guangming Jiang
- School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
| | - Hemen Sarma
- Bioremediation Technology Research Group, Department of Botany, Bodoland University, Rangalikhata, Deborgaon, Kokrajhar (BTR), Assam, 783370, India.
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Wang G, Yu G, Chi T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li P, Liu J, Yu Z, Wang Q, Wang M, Sun S. Insights into the enhanced effect of biochar on cadmium removal in vertical flow constructed wetlands. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130148. [PMID: 36265377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been increasingly applied in constructed wetlands (CWs) to remediate heavy metal (HM)-polluted water. Nevertheless, only few studies have elucidated the enhanced mechanism and potential synergies related to the HM removal from biochar-based CWs (BC-CWs) for HMs removal. This study used cadmium (Cd) as the target HM and added biochar into CWs to monitor physicochemical parameters, plant' physiological responses, substrate accumulation, and microbial metabolites and taxa. In comparison with the biochar-free CW (as CWC), a maximum Cd2+ removal of 99.7% was achieved in the BC-CWs, associated with stable physicochemical parameters. Biochar preferentially adsorbed the available Cd2+ and significantly accumulated Fe/Mn oxides-bond and the exchangeable Cd fraction. Moreover, biochar alleviated the lipid peroxidation (decreased by 36.4%) of plants, resulting in improved growth. In addition, extracellular polymeric substances were increased by 376.9-396.8 mg/L in BC-CWs than compared to CWC, and N and C cycling was enhanced through interspecific positive connectivity. In summary, this study explored comprehensively the performance and mechanism of BC-CWs in the treatment of Cd2+-polluted water, suggesting a promising approach to promote the plant-microbe-substrate synergies under HM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China.
| | - Tianying Chi
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Yifu Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Yameng Zhang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Jianwu Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Zhi Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Shiquan Sun
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
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Abulaiti A, She D, Liu Z, Sun X, Wang H. Application of biochar and polyacrylamide to revitalize coastal saline soil quality to improve rice growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:18731-18747. [PMID: 36219298 PMCID: PMC9552741 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Poor soil quality is affected by salinity, which limits land productivity and sustainable agricultural development in coastal China. Hence, it is essential to choose suitable and efficient approaches to revitalize coastal saline soil quality and improve agricultural productivity. Biochar and polyacrylamide (PAM) have been widely applied as soil amendments to enhance soil structure, but the interactive effects of biochar and PAM on rice growth are unclear. The experiment described in this study was conducted over five consecutive growing seasons (from 2016 to 2020) with biochar (at 0, 32, and 79 t/hm2) and PAM (at 0, 0.6, and 1.6 t/hm2) applications to study the effects of amendments on soil properties, rice photosynthesis, and rice yield in coastal saline land. The soil property results showed that wheat straw biochar and PAM lowered soil total salt and bulk density, but increased the soil organic matter (SOM), mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates (MWD), and macroaggregate (> 0.25 mm) content. The application of either biochar or PAM increased the rice net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance. The combined application of 32 t/hm2 biochar + 0.6 t/hm2 PAM increased the net photosynthetic rate by 26.0% and the transpiration rate by 24.8% relative to the control. The application of 32 t/hm2 biochar and 1.6 t/hm2 PAM significantly increased the rice grain yield. The path analysis model showed that spikelets per panicle and canopy gross photosynthesis had strong and significant positive effects on grain yield, whereas soil total salt had a negative effect on grain yield. The combined application of 32 t/hm2 biochar + 0.6 t/hm2 PAM was identified as the most effective for rice growth. Biochar and PAM amendments at an optimal level may enhance soil properties by reducing salinity. These findings indicate that biochar and PAM have the potential to remediate coastal saline soil quality and the environment, which would simultaneously increase the sustainable use of coastal land resources and food production to preserve the ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimu Abulaiti
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Dongli She
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing, 211100, China.
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaoqin Sun
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing, 211100, China
| | - Hongde Wang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, 211100, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing, 211100, China
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15
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Farhangi-Abriz S, Ghassemi-Golezani K. The modified biochars influence nutrient and osmotic statuses and hormonal signaling of mint plants under fluoride and cadmium toxicities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064409. [PMID: 36578343 PMCID: PMC9791105 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemically modified biochars are a new generation of biochars that have a great ability to absorb and stabilize environmental pollutants. In this research, the physiological performance of mint plants (Mentha crispa L.) under fluoride and cadmium toxicities and biochar treatments was evaluated. METHODS Four levels of soil toxicities including non-toxic, 600 mg NaF kg-1 soil, 60 mg Cd kg-1 soil, and 600 mg NaF kg-1 soil + 60 mg Cd kg-1 soil were applied. The biochar addition to the soil was 25 g kg-1 (non-biochar, solid biochar, H2O2, KOH, and H3PO4-modified biochars). RESULTS The results showed that the application of biochar and especially chemically modified biochars reduced fluoride (about 15-37%) and cadmium (30-52%) contents in mint leaves, while increased soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC), nitrogen (12-35%), phosphorus (16-59%), potassium (17-52%), calcium (19-47%), magnesium (28-77%), iron (37-114%), zinc (45-226%), photosynthetic pigments of leaves and plant biomass (about 10-25%) under toxic conditions. DISCUSSION The biochar-related treatments reduced the osmotic stress and osmolytes content (proline, soluble proteins, and carbohydrates) in plant leaves. Plant leaf water content was increased by solid and modified biochar, up to 8% in toxic conditions. Furthermore, these treatments reduced the production of stress hormones [abscisic acid (27-55%), salicylic acid (31-50%), and jasmonic acid (6-12%)], but increased indole-3-acetic acid (14-31%) in plants under fluoride and cadmium stresses. Chemically modified biochars reduced fluoride and cadmium contents of plant leaves by about 20% and 22%, respectively, compared to solid biochar. CONCLUSION This result clearly shows the superiority of modified biochars in protecting plants from soil pollutants.
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Efficient Remediation of Cadmium Contamination in Soil by Functionalized Biochar: Recent Advances, Challenges, and Future Prospects. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in soil seriously harms human health and animal and plant growth. Among them, cadmium pollution is one of the most serious issues. As a promising remediation material for cadmium pollution in soil, functionalized biochar has attracted wide attention in the last decade. This paper summarizes the preparation technology of biochar, the existing forms of heavy metals in soil, the remediation mechanism of biochar for remediating cadmium contamination in soil, and the factors affecting the remediation process, and discusses the latest research advances of functionalized biochar for remediating cadmium contamination in soil. Finally, the challenges encountered by the implementation of biochar for remediating Cd contamination in soil are summarized, and the prospects in this field are highlighted for its expected industrial large-scale implementation.
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17
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Liu T, Li B, Zhou X, Chen H. A Study on the Time-Effect and Dose-Effect Relationships of Polysaccharide from Opuntia dillenii against Cadmium-Induced Liver Injury in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091340. [PMID: 35564063 PMCID: PMC9100615 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gaw) Haw. polysaccharide (ODP) against cadmium-induced liver injury. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was used to construct a mice evaluation model, and the indicators chosen included general signs, liver index, biochemical indicators, blood indicators, and pathological changes. A dose of 200 mg/kg ODP was applied to the mice exposed to cadmium for different lengths of time (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days). The results showed that CdCl2 intervention led to slow weight growth (reduced by 13−20%); liver enlargement; significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST, 45.6−52.0%), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, 26.6−31.3%), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, 38.2−43.1%) levels; and significantly decreased hemoglobin (HGB, 13.1−15.2%), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH, 16.5−19.3%), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (MCHC, 8.0−12.7%) (p < 0.01). In addition, it led to pathological features such as liver cell swelling, nuclear exposure, central venous congestion, apoptosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration. The onset of ODP anti-cadmium-induced liver injury occurred within 7 days after administration, and the efficacy reached the highest level after continuous administration for 14 days, a trend that could continue until 35 days. Different doses (50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) of ODP have a certain degree of protective effect on cadmium-induced liver injury, showing a good dose−effect relationship. After 28 days of administration of a 200 mg/kg dose, all pathological indicators were close to normal values. These findings indicated that ODP had positive activity against cadmium-induced liver injury and excellent potential for use as a health food or therapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China; (T.L.); (B.L.); (X.Z.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Bianli Li
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China; (T.L.); (B.L.); (X.Z.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China; (T.L.); (B.L.); (X.Z.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Huaguo Chen
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China; (T.L.); (B.L.); (X.Z.)
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control & Evaluation Technology of Medicine, Guizhou Normal University, 116 Baoshan North Road, Guiyang 550001, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-851-8669-0018; Fax: +86-851-8669-0018
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Roy R, Núñez-Delgado A, Wang J, Kader MA, Sarker T, Hasan AK, Dindaroglu T. Cattle manure compost and biochar supplementation improve growth of Onobrychis viciifolia in coal-mined spoils under water stress conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112440. [PMID: 34843727 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface mining is a critical anthropogenic activity that significantly alters the ecosystem, while the use of appropriate revegetation techniques can be considered an important and feasible strategy in the way to improve the ecosystem services of degraded land. In the present study, we carried out a pot experiment to investigate the effects of three different variables on morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters of Onobrychis viciifolia to assess the capability of this species to be used for restoration purposes. Specifically, the variables studied were: (a) water (W) regime, working at five values as regards field capacity (FC) (i.e., 80% FC = highest, 72% FC = high, 60% FC = moderate, 48% FC = low, and 40% FC = very-low dose); and (b) rates of cattle manure compost (CMC) and wood biochar (BC) (weight/weight ratio), working at five rates (i.e., 4.0% = highest, 3.2% = high, 2.0% = moderate, 0.8% = low, and 0% = either no-CMC or no-BC dose). In addition, soil physical-chemical properties and enzyme activities were also investigated at the end of the experimental period. It was found that morphological growth attributes such as plant height, maximum root length, and dry biomass significantly increased with W, CMC and BC applications. Compared to control, moderate-to-high W, CMC and BC doses (W80CMC2BC2) increased net photosynthesis rate (by 42%), stomatal conductance (by 50%), transpiration rate (by 29%), water use efficiency (by 10%), chlorophyll contents (by 73%), carotenoid content (by 81%), leaf relative water content (by 33%) and leaf membrane stability index (by 30%). Under low-W content, the application of CMC and BC enhanced osmotic adjustments by increasing the content of soluble sugar and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, decreasing the oxidative stress, as verified by low levels of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, malondialdehyde and proline contents in leaf tissues. Moreover, application of W, CMC and BC significantly improved soil water holding capacity, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, urease and catalase activities, which facilitate plant growth. These results would aid in designing an appropriate strategy for achieving a successful revegetation of O. viciifolia, providing optimum doses of W (64% field capacity), CMC (2.4%) and BC (1.7%), with the final aim of reaching ecological restoration in arid degraded lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Roy
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Department of Agroforestry & Environmental Science, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Campus Univ., 27002, Lugo, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Jinxin Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Md Abdul Kader
- School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, University of the South Pacific, Suva, 1168, Fiji; Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh; College of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Tanwne Sarker
- School of Economics and Finance, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ahmed Khairul Hasan
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
| | - Turgay Dindaroglu
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, 46100, Turkey.
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Kang X, Geng N, Li X, Yu J, Wang H, Pan H, Yang Q, Zhuge Y, Lou Y. Biochar Alleviates Phytotoxicity by Minimizing Bioavailability and Oxidative Stress in Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L.) Cultivated in Cd- and Zn-Contaminated Soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:782963. [PMID: 35401634 PMCID: PMC8993223 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.782963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with multiple heavy metals is a global environmental issue that poses a serious threat to public health and ecological safety. Biochar passivation is an efficient and economical technology to prevent heavy metal contamination of Cd; however, its effects on compound-contaminated and weakly alkaline soil remain unclear. Further, the mechanisms mediating the immobilization effects of biochar have not been evaluated. In this study, three biochar treated at different pyrolytic temperatures [300°C (BC300), 400°C (BC400), and 500°C (BC500)] were applied to Cd-/Zn-contaminated soils, and their effects on plant growth, photosynthetic characteristics, Cd/Zn accumulation and distribution in foxtail millet were evaluated. Further, the effect of biochar application on the soil physicochemical characteristics, as well as the diversity and composition of the soil microbiota were investigated. Biochar significantly alleviated the phytotoxicity of Cd and Zn. DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid)-Cd and DTPA-Zn content was significantly reduced following biochar treatment via the transformation of exchangeable components to stable forms. BC500 had a lower DTPA-Cd content than BC300 and BC400 by 42.87% and 39.29%, respectively. The BC500 passivation ratio of Cd was significantly higher than that of Zn. Biochar application also promoted the growth of foxtail millet, alleviated oxidative stress, and reduced heavy metal bioaccumulation in shoots, and transport of Cd from the roots to the shoots in the foxtail millet. The plant height, stem diameter, biomass, and photosynthetic rates of the foxtail millet were the highest in BC500, whereas the Cd and Zn content in each organ and malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content in the leaves were the lowest. Moreover, biochar application significantly increased the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi, as well as increasing the fungal species richness compared to no-biochar treatment. Overall, biochar was an effective agent for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. The passivation effect of biochar exerted on heavy metals in soil was affected by the biochar pyrolysis temperature, with BC500 showing the best passivation effect.
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Zulfiqar U, Jiang W, Xiukang W, Hussain S, Ahmad M, Maqsood MF, Ali N, Ishfaq M, Kaleem M, Haider FU, Farooq N, Naveed M, Kucerik J, Brtnicky M, Mustafa A. Cadmium Phytotoxicity, Tolerance, and Advanced Remediation Approaches in Agricultural Soils; A Comprehensive Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:773815. [PMID: 35371142 PMCID: PMC8965506 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.773815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental contaminant due to its widespread industrial use. Cd contamination of soil and water is rather classical but has emerged as a recent problem. Cd toxicity causes a range of damages to plants ranging from germination to yield suppression. Plant physiological functions, i.e., water interactions, essential mineral uptake, and photosynthesis, are also harmed by Cd. Plants have also shown metabolic changes because of Cd exposure either as direct impact on enzymes or other metabolites, or because of its propensity to produce reactive oxygen species, which can induce oxidative stress. In recent years, there has been increased interest in the potential of plants with ability to accumulate or stabilize Cd compounds for bioremediation of Cd pollution. Here, we critically review the chemistry of Cd and its dynamics in soil and the rhizosphere, toxic effects on plant growth, and yield formation. To conserve the environment and resources, chemical/biological remediation processes for Cd and their efficacy have been summarized in this review. Modulation of plant growth regulators such as cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellins, auxins, abscisic acid, polyamines, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids, and nitric oxide has been highlighted. Development of plant genotypes with restricted Cd uptake and reduced accumulation in edible portions by conventional and marker-assisted breeding are also presented. In this regard, use of molecular techniques including identification of QTLs, CRISPR/Cas9, and functional genomics to enhance the adverse impacts of Cd in plants may be quite helpful. The review's results should aid in the development of novel and suitable solutions for limiting Cd bioavailability and toxicity, as well as the long-term management of Cd-polluted soils, therefore reducing environmental and human health hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wenting Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Wang Xiukang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Nauman Ali
- Agronomic Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishfaq
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Naila Farooq
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jiri Kucerik
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Brtnicky
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Ndiate NI, Qun CL, Nkoh JN. Importance of soil amendments with biochar and/or Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi to mitigate aluminum toxicity in tamarind ( Tamarindus indica L.) on an acidic soil: A greenhouse study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09009. [PMID: 35243108 PMCID: PMC8886007 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamarindus indica L. is a forest plant species widely used in semi-arid regions and has an important socio-economic role. A 90 d greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of soil amendments with biochar and/or three Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) strains; Rhizophagus fasciculatus (Rf), Rhizophagus aggregatus (Ra), and Rhizophagus irregularis (Ri) on T. indica grown under aluminum stress. The amendments consisted of 5% biochar and 20 g kg−1 AMF as (i) control; (ii) biochar; (iii) biochar + Rf; (iv) biochar + Ra; (v) biochar + Ri; (vi) Rf; (vii) Ra; (viii) Ri. The treatments with biochar significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil pH and reduced the content of soil exchangeable Al3+ relative to the control and exclusive AMF treatments. All the treatments improved total nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by roots and shoot of T. indica and resulted in improved plant growth and root/shoot dry weight. The ability of biochar to enhance the soil's water-holding capacity played a key role in improving the intensity of mycorrhization. Overall, biochar amendments significantly improved the photosynthetic potential of T. indica and the activities of antioxidant enzymes compared to other treatments. Thus, the combined effects of enhanced (a) soil physicochemical parameters, (b) mycorrhization, (c) nutrient uptake, (d) photosynthetic potential, and (e) antioxidant activities played an important role in mitigating Al-related stress to improve the growth of T. indica. Therefore, the application of biochar in combination with AMFs can serve as a strategy for ensuring plant biodiversity in acid and Al-toxic soils in arid and semi-arid regions in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndiaye Ibra Ndiate
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Cai Li Qun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jackson Nkoh Nkoh
- Organization of African Academic Doctors, Off Kamiti Road P.O. Box 25305-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Xu M, Gao P, Wu J, Ma J, Zhang X, Yang G, Long L, Chen C, Song C, Xiao Y. Biochar promotes arsenic sequestration on iron plaques and cell walls in rice roots. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132422. [PMID: 34600923 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The iron (Fe) cycle in the rice-soil system affects arsenic (As) uptake by rice. The effect of Fe on As uptake can be influenced by the addition of biochar, but has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the effects of maize straw-derived biochar (MB) on Fe and As translocation were determined by analysing the Fe and As concentrations in pore water, dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extracts, and rice plants. As-contaminated soils were supplemented with 0 or 1% biochar and 0 or 90 mg kg-1 P, and rice plants were grown for 70 d. Results indicated that biochar addition increased the concentrations of Fe and As in pore water, while P did not affect them. Additionally, biochar promoted the accumulation of Fe and As in roots. However, the rice biomass increased by 28% upon biochar addition, indicating that the rice plants became more tolerant to As toxicity with biochar. Specifically, biochar increased the root triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) reductive intensity, reduced the root H2O2 concentration, and promoted iron plaque (IP) formation. Moreover, the positive correlation between IP/DCB-extractable As and crystalline Fe on the rice root surface indicated that crystalline Fe appeared to be the determinant species of IP and played a central role in As segregation. In addition, biochar increased both crystalline Fe formation on the root surface and the Fe content in the cell wall, which enhanced As sequestration. Overall, rice could effectively tolerate As stress under biochar treatment since As could be retained on the root surface and root cell wall with MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, 94304, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Gang Yang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lulu Long
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chao Chen
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chun Song
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yinlong Xiao
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Vishnu Priyan V, Kumar N, Narayanasamy S. Development of Fe 3O 4/CAC nanocomposite for the effective removal of contaminants of emerging concerns (Ce 3+) from water: An ecotoxicological assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117326. [PMID: 34049131 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concerns present in the ecosystems causes various adverse effects on all living organisms. In current study, removal of Ce3+ from water was performed using Fe3O4/CAC nanocomposite (MCAC) synthesized by co-precipitation technique. The synthesized MCAC was characterized using various analytical techniques. The magnetic behavior of the nanocomposite which is a crucial advantage in separation of MCAC after adsorption of Ce3+ from water was determined using vibrating sample magnetometer. MCAC was polycrystalline comprising both amorphous and crystalline regions with elements like C, O, Fe and N. The influence of process parameters was optimized through batch mode with the adsorption capacity of 86.206 mg/g. Ecotoxicological studies were performed using Danio rerio (Zebra fish) and seeds of Vigna mungo and Vigna radiata to assess the harmful effects of Ce3+ before and after adsorption process. The phytotoxicity studies on seeds revealed that inhibition of growth ranges from 50.39% to 12.55% (before adsorption) and 28.57%-3.89% (after adsorption). After 96 h the LC50 value of Ce3+ on the Danio rerio before and after adsorption was 2.44 and 77.85 mg/L. Thus, the current study investigated the effective removal of Ce3+ by MCAC and evaluates its ecotoxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vishnu Priyan
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Selvaraju Narayanasamy
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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