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Gelmers F, Timmerman ME, Siebenga FF, van der Weide HL, Rakers SE, Kramer MCA, van der Hoorn A, Enting RH, Bosma I, Groen RJM, Jeltema HR, Wagemakers M, Spikman JM, Buunk AM. Clusters of resilience and vulnerability: executive functioning, coping and mental distress in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma. J Neurooncol 2024; 169:95-104. [PMID: 38896357 PMCID: PMC11269402 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04704-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diffuse low-grade gliomas (dLGG) often have a frontal location, which may negatively affect patients' executive functions (EF). Being diagnosed with dLGG and having to undergo intensive treatment can be emotionally stressful. The ability to cope with this stress in an adaptive, active and flexible way may be hampered by impaired EF. Consequently, patients may suffer from increased mental distress. The aim of the present study was to explore profiles of EF, coping and mental distress and identify characteristics of each profile. METHODS 151 patients with dLGG were included. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to explore profiles. Additional demographical, tumor and radiological characteristics were included. RESULTS Four clusters were found: 1) overall good functioning (25% of patients); 2) poor executive functioning, good psychosocial functioning (32%); 3) good executive functioning, poor psychosocial functioning (18%) and; 4) overall poor functioning (25%). Characteristics of the different clusters were lower educational level and more (micro)vascular brain damage (cluster 2), a younger age (cluster 3), and a larger tumor volume (cluster 4). EF was not a distinctive factor for coping, nor was it for mental distress. Maladaptive coping, however, did distinguish clusters with higher mental distress (cluster 3 and 4) from clusters with lower levels of mental distress (cluster 1 and 2). CONCLUSION Four distinctive clusters with different levels of functioning and characteristics were identified. EF impairments did not hinder the use of active coping strategies. Moreover, maladaptive coping, but not EF impairment, was related to increased mental distress in patients with dLGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor Gelmers
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, AB51, 9700RB, The Netherlands.
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marieke E Timmerman
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke F Siebenga
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, AB51, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hiska L van der Weide
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra E Rakers
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, AB51, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda C A Kramer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk van der Hoorn
- Department of Radiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roelien H Enting
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg Bosma
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J M Groen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hanne-Rinck Jeltema
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Wagemakers
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacoba M Spikman
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, AB51, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M Buunk
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, Groningen, AB51, 9700RB, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Bergdolt J, Hubert S, Schreiter J, Jenderny S, Beblo T, Driessen M, Steinhart I, Dehn LB. Predictors of return to work in people with major depression: Results from a supported employment program in Germany. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:1-8. [PMID: 39029690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder and is associated with work disability. For the implementation of evidence-based interventions, such as Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for people with depression in Germany, the aim of this study was to investigate client variables that predict return to work. METHODS The sample consisted of 129 participants, initially treated in a psychiatric hospital due to major depression, who participated in IPS as part of a German clinical trial. Baseline demographic (age, sex, education, sickness absence days, employment status), psychiatric (symptom severity, comorbidity, general physical and mental health, disability), and neuropsychological (self-rated deficits, test performance) variables were included. Return to work within one year was predicted using separate and overall binary logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 70 participants (56 %) returned to work within the one-year follow-up period. >100 days of sick leave in the year prior to study entry (vs. <100 days) and higher self-rated cognitive deficits were significantly associated with reduced odds of return to work within one year of IPS. LIMITATIONS The sample consisted of participants with a relatively good work history who were assigned to IPS by the treatment team, thus, the generalizability of the results is limited. CONCLUSIONS People with depression who participate in IPS interventions might benefit from specifically targeting perceived cognitive deficits. Factors associated with prolonged sick leave due to depression and their role in return to work with IPS need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Bergdolt
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Stella Hubert
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Julia Schreiter
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sarah Jenderny
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Beblo
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Driessen
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ingmar Steinhart
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lorenz B Dehn
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Christensen MC, Schmidt SN, Grande I. The functioning assessment short test (FAST): Clinically meaningful response threshold in patients with major depressive disorder receiving antidepressant treatment. J Affect Disord 2024:S0165-0327(24)01076-0. [PMID: 39019235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional impairment is common in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) provides a detailed clinician-rated assessment of functioning across multiple aspects of daily life. This study aimed to establish clinically relevant response thresholds for the FAST in patients with MDD receiving antidepressant treatment. METHODS Data were derived from three 8-week clinical trials of antidepressant therapy in patients with MDD that included assessment of functioning using the FAST as a pre-specified endpoint. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and threshold for response in terms of change in FAST total score were determined using anchor-based methods. RESULTS After 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment, the mean reduction in FAST total score in patients considered clinically minimally improved (Clinical Global Impression-Improvement [CGII] score of 3) was 7-9 points (~20 % reduction). The threshold for functional response (reduction in FAST total score from baseline in patients with a CGI-I score of ≤2 at week 8) was 16-19 points (~50 % reduction). The threshold for functional response was higher in patients with MDD and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder than in those with MDD alone (mean reduction in FAST total score at 8 weeks: 26 points [63 %]). LIMITATIONS Short-term studies. CONCLUSIONS These results provide further validation of the FAST for assessing functioning in patients with MDD. In patients with MDD, the suggested MCID for FAST total score is 7-9 points and the proposed threshold for response is a reduction from baseline of approximately 50 %.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iria Grande
- Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences of the University of Barcelona (UBNeuro), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Fjone KS, Stubberud J, Buanes EA, Hagen M, Laake JH, Hofsø K. Objective and subjective cognitive status after intensive care unit treatment for COVID-19. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100786. [PMID: 38770194 PMCID: PMC11103414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors can experience wide-ranging and long-lasting symptoms after hospital discharge. Cognitive impairment has received increased attention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic and can affect patients' long-term quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment using an objective neurocognitive test 6 and 12 months following ICU admission and possible predictive factors for scoring below the defined cut-off. We also explored the prevalence of subjective cognitive complaints at 12 months, including the associated factors. Methods This was a prospective observational study of a national cohort of COVID-19 ICU survivors during the three first pandemic waves in Norway. Data was collected by the Norwegian Intensive Care and Pandemic Registry and the study group. Results At the six-month follow-up, 23.1% (95% CI [18.2─28.5]) of the 273 respondents scored below the cut-off on the Mini-MoCA, indicating mild cognitive impairment. At the 12-month follow-up, the prevalence declined to 11.1% (95% CI [7.5─15.6]) in 253 respondents. Older age (OR 1.06, 95% CI [1.02─1.12]) and depression (OR 1.25, 95% CI [1.07─1.55]) were associated with cognitive impairment at six months. At 12 months, almost half of the patients reported subjective cognitive complaints. Symptoms of mental health problems and fatigue were associated with subjective cognitive complaints in our exploratory analyses. Conclusion Cognitive impairment declined significantly from 6 to 12 months in this cohort of COVID-19 ICU patients, while subjective cognitive complaints remained high at 12 months, perhaps attributed to a high total symptom burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Struksnes Fjone
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Physiotherapy, Department of Clinical Services, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Stubberud
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Alnes Buanes
- Norwegian Intensive Care and Pandemic Registry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Milada Hagen
- Department of Public Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Henrik Laake
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Hofsø
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Postoperative and Intensive Care Nursing, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Lovisenberg Diaconal University College, Oslo, Norway
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Navarra-Ventura G, Riera-Serra P, Roca M, Gili M, García-Toro M, Vilagut G, Alayo I, Ballester L, Blasco MJ, Castellví P, Colom J, Casajuana C, Gabilondo A, Lagares C, Almenara J, Miranda-Mendizabal A, Mortier P, Piqueras JA, Soto-Sanz V, Alonso J. Factors associated with high and low mental well-being in Spanish university students. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:424-435. [PMID: 38631424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies conducted in various nationally representative samples of the general population show that positive mental health is related to social prosperity. However, specific studies in university populations are scarce. In this study, we set out to explore factors associated with mental well-being (MWB) in a representative sample of first-year university students in Spain. METHODS MWB was assessed with the short version of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to explore the association between different blocks of factors, including relational, adversity, stress, lifestyle, spiritual, health, and self-perceived health variables with high and low MWB, controlling for sociodemographic and university-related variables. RESULTS Data from 2082 students (18.6 ± 1.2 years; 56.6 % females) were analysed. Being male, being born in a foreign country, "high" self-perceived support, and "high" self-perceived mental health increased the odds of high MWB. Growing up in the suburbs, stressful experiences, and anxiety disorders reduced the odds of high MWB. Mood and anxiety disorders increased the odds of low MWB. "Middle" self-perceived support, sleeping ≥8 h per day, and "high" self-perceived mental health reduced the odds of low MWB. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design precludes establishing causal relationships. Data were collected in the 2014-15 academic year using self-reported online surveys. CONCLUSION The factors associated with high and low MWB do not always mirror each other, so specific plans are needed to successfully address each of the two poles. Interventions and policies targeting these factors for health promotion and disease prevention would improve the MWB of university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Navarra-Ventura
- Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Riera-Serra
- Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma (Mallorca), Spain
| | - Miquel Roca
- Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma (Mallorca), Spain
| | - Margalida Gili
- Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Department of Psychology, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain.
| | - Mauro García-Toro
- Department of Medicine, University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Research Institute of Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands (UIB), Palma (Mallorca), Spain; Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Palma (Mallorca), Spain
| | - Gemma Vilagut
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Itxaso Alayo
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Biosistemak Institute for Health Systems Research, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Laura Ballester
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pere Castellví
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Colom
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPCat), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Andrea Gabilondo
- Outpatient Mental Health Care Network, Osakidetza-Basque Health Service, Biodonosti Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carolina Lagares
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - José Almenara
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Biotecnología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Andrea Miranda-Mendizabal
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Philippe Mortier
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Piqueras
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Soto-Sanz
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Jordi Alonso
- Health Services Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Life Science, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
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Cormack F, McCue M, Skirrow C, Cashdollar N, Taptiklis N, van Schaik T, Fehnert B, King J, Chrones L, Sarkey S, Kroll J, Barnett JH. Characterizing Longitudinal Patterns in Cognition, Mood, And Activity in Depression With 6-Week High-Frequency Wearable Assessment: Observational Study. JMIR Ment Health 2024; 11:e46895. [PMID: 38819909 PMCID: PMC11179033 DOI: 10.2196/46895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive symptoms are an underrecognized aspect of depression that are often untreated. High-frequency cognitive assessment holds promise for improving disease and treatment monitoring. Although we have previously found it feasible to remotely assess cognition and mood in this capacity, further work is needed to ascertain the optimal methodology to implement and synthesize these techniques. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine (1) longitudinal changes in mood, cognition, activity levels, and heart rate over 6 weeks; (2) diurnal and weekday-related changes; and (3) co-occurrence of fluctuations between mood, cognitive function, and activity. METHODS A total of 30 adults with current mild-moderate depression stabilized on antidepressant monotherapy responded to testing delivered through an Apple Watch (Apple Inc) for 6 weeks. Outcome measures included cognitive function, assessed with 3 brief n-back tasks daily; self-reported depressed mood, assessed once daily; daily total step count; and average heart rate. Change over a 6-week duration, diurnal and day-of-week variations, and covariation between outcome measures were examined using nonlinear and multilevel models. RESULTS Participants showed initial improvement in the Cognition Kit N-Back performance, followed by a learning plateau. Performance reached 90% of individual learning levels on average 10 days after study onset. N-back performance was typically better earlier and later in the day, and step counts were lower at the beginning and end of each week. Higher step counts overall were associated with faster n-back learning, and an increased daily step count was associated with better mood on the same (P<.001) and following day (P=.02). Daily n-back performance covaried with self-reported mood after participants reached their learning plateau (P=.01). CONCLUSIONS The current results support the feasibility and sensitivity of high-frequency cognitive assessments for disease and treatment monitoring in patients with depression. Methods to model the individual plateau in task learning can be used as a sensitive approach to better characterize changes in behavior and improve the clinical relevance of cognitive data. Wearable technology allows assessment of activity levels, which may influence both cognition and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cormack
- Cambridge Cognition, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cognition Kit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maggie McCue
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc, Lexington, MA, United States
| | - Caroline Skirrow
- Cambridge Cognition, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Ben Fehnert
- Cognition Kit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Ctrl Group, London, United Kingdom
- Fora Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - James King
- Cognition Kit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Ctrl Group, London, United Kingdom
- Fora Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lambros Chrones
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc, Lexington, MA, United States
| | - Sara Sarkey
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc, Lexington, MA, United States
| | | | - Jennifer H Barnett
- Cambridge Cognition, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Green HJ, O'Shea OK, Cotter J, Philpott HL, Newland N. An exploratory, randomised, crossover study to investigate the effect of nicotine on cognitive function in healthy adult smokers who use an electronic cigarette after a period of smoking abstinence. Harm Reduct J 2024; 21:78. [PMID: 38582919 PMCID: PMC10998423 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-024-00993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As well as being associated with serious negative health outcomes, smoking has been reported to have an array of physiological and psychological effects, including effects on mood and cognitive function. Post-cessation, loss of such effects (including temporary deficits in cognitive function) have been cited as reasons for resumption of smoking. The effects of e-cigarettes and nicotine delivered by e-cigarettes on these functions have not been widely researched but may play a role in the effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a satisfactory alternative to combustible cigarettes for people who smoke, and in encouraging individuals who would otherwise continue to smoke, to transition to e-cigarettes. METHODS The study was an exploratory, randomised, partially-blinded, single-centre, five-arm crossover trial that recruited 40 healthy male and female people who smoke. At 5 study sessions, following a 12-h period of nicotine abstinence, participants were randomly assigned to use either a combustible cigarette, an e-cigarette of three varying nicotine strengths (18 mg/mL, 12 mg/mL or 0 mg/mL respectively) or observe a no product usage session. Participants completed pre- and post-product usage assessments to examine the product usage effect on cognitive performance (using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB)), subjective mood and smoking urges. RESULTS A significant improvement in sustained attention task performance was observed following use of both the nicotine containing e-cigarettes and combustible cigarette compared to no product use. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the nicotine containing products, indicating that nicotine use enhanced sustained attention regardless of delivery format. Nicotine containing e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use also significantly improved overall mood of participants compared to no product use, with no significant differences observed between the nicotine containing products. Nicotine containing e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use significantly reduced smoking urges compared to no product use, though combustible cigarette use elicited the greatest reduction in smoking urges. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the nicotine containing products improved sustained attention and mood while reducing smoking urges, with the studied e-cigarettes having comparable effects to combustible cigarettes across the assessed cognitive parameters and mood measures. These results demonstrate the potential role of e-cigarettes to provide an acceptable alternative for combustible cigarettes among people who would otherwise continue to smoke. Trial registration ISRCTN (identifier: ISRCTN35376793).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry J Green
- Group Research and Development, British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Regents Park Road, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK.
| | - Olivia K O'Shea
- Group Research and Development, British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Regents Park Road, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
| | - Jack Cotter
- Group Research and Development, British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Regents Park Road, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
| | | | - Nik Newland
- Group Research and Development, British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Regents Park Road, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK
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Kwan ATH, Lakhani M, Le GH, Singh G, Teopiz KM, Ceban F, Nijjar CS, Meshkat S, Badulescu S, Ho R, Rhee TG, Vincenzo JDD, Gill H, McIntyre RS. Subjective and Objective Measures of Cognitive Function are Correlated in Persons with Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.20.24304410. [PMID: 38562707 PMCID: PMC10984052 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.20.24304410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background It remains unclear whether subjective and objective measures of cognitive function in Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) are correlated. The extent of correlation has mechanistic and clinical implications. Methods This post-hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial contains baseline data of subjective and objective measures of cognition in a rigorously characterized cohort living with PCC. Herein, we evaluated the association between subjective and objective condition function, as measured by the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire, 20-item (PDQ-20) and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Trails Making Test (TMT)-A/B, respectively. Results A total of 152 participants comprised the baseline sample. Due to missing data, our statistical analyses included 150 for self-reported PDQ-20, 147 individuals for combined DSST-measured cognitive function (composite z-score of the Pen/Paper plus Online CogState Version, N combinedDSST ), 71 for in-person DSST-measured cognitive function (Pen/Paper Version), 70 for TMT-A-measured cognitive function, and 70 for TMT-B-measured cognitive function. After adjusting for age, sex, and education, PDQ-20 was significantly correlated with pen-and-paper DSST (β = -0.003, p = 0.002) and TMT-B (β = 0.003, p = 0.008) scores, but not with TMT-A scores (β = -0.001, p = 0.751). Conclusions Overall, a statistically significant correlation was observed between subjective and objective cognitive functions. Clinicians providing care for individuals with PCC who have subjective cognitive function complaints may consider taking a measurement-based approach to cognition at the point of care that focuses exclusively on patient-reported measures.
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Zhu X, Ding R, Chen X, Wang X, He P, Wang G. Discrepancy between objective and subjective cognition and its association with the trajectory of symptoms and functioning in depressive patients. Psychol Med 2024; 54:808-822. [PMID: 37921011 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discrepancy between objective and subjective cognitive deficit is common among patients with major depressive disorders (MDDs) and may play a key role in the mechanism linking cognition with recovery of symptom and psychosocial function. This study, therefore, explores the cognitive discrepancy, and its association with the trajectory of symptoms and functioning over a 6-month period. METHODS We used data from the Prospective Research Observation to Assess Cognition in Treated patients with MDD (PROACT) study, from which 598 patients were included. Cognitive discrepancy scores were computed using a novel methodology, with positive values indicating more subjective than objective deficit (i.e. 'underestimation') and negative values indicating more objective than subjective difficulties (i.e. 'overestimation'). Linear growth curve models were employed to examine the association of the cognitive discrepancy with the trajectory of depressive symptoms, psychosocial function, and quality of life. RESULTS About 68% of patients displayed disproportionately more objective than subjective cognitive deficit at baseline, and the mean cognitive discrepancy score was -1.4 (2.7). Overestimation was associated with a faster decrease of HDRS-17 (β = -0.46, p = 0.002) and a faster decrease of psychosocial function in social life (β = -0.13, p = 0.013) and family life (β = -0.12, p = 0.026), and a greater improvement of EQ-5D utility score (β = 0.01, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We found a lower sensitivity of cognitive deficit at baseline and its decrease was associated with better health outcomes. Our findings have clinical implications of the necessity to assess both subjective and objective cognition for identification and categorization and to incorporate cognitive and psychological therapies for optimized treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuequan Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Ding
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Zhejiang BrainAu Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ping He
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Hudson CC, Traynor J, Björgvinsson T, Beard C, Forgeard M, Hsu KJ. Performance-based attentional control, but not self-reported attentional control, predicts changes in depressive symptoms in short-term psychotherapy. Behav Res Ther 2024; 173:104476. [PMID: 38199180 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although impairments in attentional control are pervasive across psychopathology, there is substantial individual differences. In the current study, we examined whether individual differences in self-reported and performance-based measures of attentional control predict changes in depressive symptoms and well-being in a diagnostically diverse sample of patients attending a CBT-based partial hospital program. METHOD Participants were 89 patients (56.2% men, 75.3% non-Hispanic White). At baseline, patients completed the self-reported Attentional Control Scale and the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation task (RSVP), a behavioral measure of attentional control. Depressive symptoms were assessed daily using the Patient Health Questionnaire and well-being was assessed using the Mental Health Continuum Short Form. RESULTS On average, greater self-reported attentional control was significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms, β = -0.49, t(52) = 4.84, p < .001, 95% CIs [-0.69, -0.29], and greater well-being, β = 0.45, t(53) = 3.90, p < .001, 95% CIs [0.22, 0.67]. More accurate task-based performance was associated with a decline in depressive symptoms over time, β = -0.02, t(32) = 2.50, p = .02, 95% CIs [-0.04, -0.01]. Neither self-reported nor performance-based measures of attentional control predicted changes in well-being. Finally, exploratory analyses suggest that depressive symptoms also improved over time for individuals who underestimated self-reported attentional control abilities relative to task-based performance, β = -0.19, t(32) = 2.23, p = .03, 95% CIs [-0.36, -0.02]. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that performance-based attentional control may be an important target for assessment and intervention, as well as a potential mechanism underlying risk and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe C Hudson
- McLean Hospital, USA; Harvard Medical School, USA; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Kean J Hsu
- Georgetown University, USA; National University of Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Serra-Blasco M, Souto-Sampera A, Medina JC, Flix-Valle A, Ciria-Suarez L, Arizu-Onassis A, Ruiz-Romeo M, Jansen F, Rodríguez A, Pernas S, Ochoa-Arnedo C. Cognitive-enhanced eHealth psychosocial stepped intervention for managing breast cancer-related cognitive impairment: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241257082. [PMID: 39070895 PMCID: PMC11273701 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241257082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer often leads to cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), which includes both objective and subjective cognitive deficits. While psychosocial interventions benefit quality of life and distress reduction, their impact on cognitive deficits is uncertain. This study evaluates the integration of a cognitive module into a digital psychosocial intervention for breast cancer patients. Methods In this randomized controlled trial (RCT), 88 recently diagnosed breast cancer (BC) patients will receive the ICOnnecta't program (control group) - a digital stepped intervention addressing a variety of psychosocial needs. The experimental group (n = 88) will receive ICOnnecta't plus a cognitive module. Assessments at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months will measure the interventions' impact on cognition, emotional distress, medication adherence, quality of life, post-traumatic stress, work functioning and healthcare experience. Feasibility and cost-utility analyses will also be conducted. Results The cognitive module includes three levels. The first level contains a cognitive screening using FACT-Cog Perceived Cognitive Impairment (PCI). Patients with PCI <54 progress to a cognitive psychoeducational campus (Level 2) with content on cognitive education, behavioural strategies and mindfulness. Patients with persistent or worsened PCI (≥6) after 3 months move to Level 3, an online cognitive training through CogniFit software delivered twice a week over 12 weeks. Conclusions This study assesses whether integrating a cognitive module into a digital psychosocial intervention improves objective and subjective cognition in breast cancer patients. Secondary outcomes explore cognitive improvement's impact on psychosocial variables. The research will contribute to testing efficacious approaches for detecting and addressing cognitive dysfunction in breast cancer patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06103318. Registered 26 October 2023, https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06103318?term=serra-blasco&draw=2&rank=4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Serra-Blasco
- ICOnnecta’t Digital Health Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arnau Souto-Sampera
- ICOnnecta’t Digital Health Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan C. Medina
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Psychology and Education Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aida Flix-Valle
- ICOnnecta’t Digital Health Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Ciria-Suarez
- ICOnnecta’t Digital Health Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Alejandra Arizu-Onassis
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Ruiz-Romeo
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Femke Jansen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, VUmc Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Rodríguez
- Breast Cancer Functional Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Sonia Pernas
- Breast Cancer Functional Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristian Ochoa-Arnedo
- ICOnnecta’t Digital Health Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- The Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute IDIBELL, Psychooncology and Digital Health Group, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Harris M, Blanco E, Howie H, Rempfer M. The Discrepancy between Subjective and Objective Evaluations of Cognitive and Functional Ability among People with Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38247682 PMCID: PMC10812940 DOI: 10.3390/bs14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An important aspect of recovery in schizophrenia relates to one's subjective, lived experience. Self-report is a subjective measurement method with yet-uncertain utility in the assessment of functioning among individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. No review to date has comprehensively synthesized existing research to evaluate the degree of correspondence, or lack thereof, between subjective and objective assessments of cognitive and everyday functioning, nor how extant data can inform the use of self-reported information in treatment and research. METHODS A systematic review was completed to provide a broad perspective of the literature on this topic. Relevant manuscripts were identified via a search strategy using key terms in PubMed and PsycINFO and a review of manuscript bibliographies. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS These studies show minimal to modest associations between subjective assessments of cognition and everyday functioning and objective assessments of these domains, including informant reports and neuropsychological and behavioral measures. Individuals with schizophrenia appear to overestimate their functioning when compared to objective measures. Depression and greater cognitive ability tend to predict greater correspondence between subjective and objective assessments of cognition and everyday functioning. DISCUSSION This review discusses how we might understand the low correspondence between subjective and objective measures of functioning and provides recommendations for using and eliciting self-reported information in the pursuit of recovery-centered practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110-2499, USA
| | - Emily Blanco
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110-2499, USA
| | - Hunter Howie
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA (M.R.)
| | - Melisa Rempfer
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA (M.R.)
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13
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Seidman AJ, Yang X, Westbrook A, George CJ, Kovacs M. Effects of current and past depressive episodes on behavioral performance and subjective experience during an N-back task. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2023; 81:101852. [PMID: 36947973 PMCID: PMC10460824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2023.101852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Depression impairs working memory (WM). And, while many studies have documented impairment in WM during depression remission, those using the N-back task did not find differences between individuals with remitted depression and healthy controls. One reason for these findings may be that certain depression phenotypes, such as the childhood-onset form, which is likely to be associated with persistent WM problems, are underrepresented or unevenly represented in the studies. Because childhood-onset depression (COD) affects individuals while cognitive development is still ongoing, it is more likely to have lasting detrimental effects, as evidenced in residual memory impairment, than depression that onsets later in life. Further, it is unclear if depression episodes have cumulative effects on WM when measured via the N-back. METHODS We examined the effects of depression on WM performance (response time, accuracy, signal detection d') and subjective experience (difficulty, mental effort required) during a four-level N-back task among 112 adults with COD (42 currently depressed; 70 remitted depressed) and 80 never-depressed controls. RESULTS Compared to never-depressed controls, there was minimal evidence of impaired WM performance among participants with remitted or current depression; the groups also reported overall similar subjective experiences during the N-back. Notably, number of lifetime depressive episodes had a detrimental cumulative effect on response accuracy and d'. LIMITATIONS WM was assessed only in regard to verbal memory. The sample size of currently depressed cases was smaller than that of the other groups. CONCLUSIONS WM remains largely intact among adults with remitted COD, but increased number of depression episodes worsens WM performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Seidman
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, 250 Mills Godwin Life Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
| | - Andrew Westbrook
- Brown University, Department of Cognitive, Linguistics, and Psychological Sciences, 190 Thayer St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Charles J George
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Maria Kovacs
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Vicent-Gil M, Trujols J, Serra-Blasco M, Navarra-Ventura G, Puigdemont D, Alemany C, Crivillés S, de Diego-Adeliño J, Cardoner N, Portella MJ. If you feel you can't, you won't: the role of subjective and objective cognitive competence on psychosocial functioning in depression. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e83. [PMID: 37855104 PMCID: PMC10755570 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this exploratory study is to examine the role of sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive - both objective and subjective - factors in overall and in specific domains of psychosocial functioning, in patients with depression at different clinical states of the disease (remitted and non-remitted). METHODS A sample of 325 patients with major depressive disorder, 117 in remission and 208 in non-remission, were assessed with a semi-structured interview collecting sociodemographic, clinical, cognitive (with neuropsychological tests and the Perceived Deficit Questionnaire), and functional (Functioning Assessment Short Test) characteristics. Backward regression models were conducted to determine associations of global and specific areas of functioning with independent factors, for both clinical states. RESULTS Residual depressive symptomatology and self-appraisal of executive competence were significantly associated with psychosocial functioning in remitted patients, in overall and some subdomains of functioning, particularly cognitive and interpersonal areas. While depressive symptoms, executive deficits and self-appraisal of executive function were significantly related to functional outcomes in non-remitted patients, both in overall functioning and in most of subdomains. DISCUSSION This study evidences the strong association of one's appraisal of executive competence with psychosocial functioning, together with depressive symptoms, both in remitted and non-remitted patients with depression. Therefore, to achieve full recovery, clinical management of patients should tackle not only the relief of core depressive symptoms, but also the cognitive ones, both those that are objectified with neuropsychological tests and those that are reported by the patients themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Vicent-Gil
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Trujols
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Serra-Blasco
- eHealth ICOnnecta’t Program and Psycho-Oncology Service, Institut Català d’Oncologia, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Guillem Navarra-Ventura
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain
- Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERES-ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolors Puigdemont
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlo Alemany
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Crivillés
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier de Diego-Adeliño
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narcís Cardoner
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB)
| | - Maria J. Portella
- Sant Pau Mental Health Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM-ISCIII), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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Miguel N, Marquez-Arrico JE, Jodar M, Navarro JF, Adan A. Neuropsychological functioning of patients with major depression or bipolar disorder comorbid to substance use disorders: A systematic review. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 75:41-58. [PMID: 37453267 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are usual comorbidities in patients with substance use disorders (SUD), a condition known as dual disorder (DD). MDD, BD and SUD are associated with cognitive impairment, potentially leading to a greater functional impairment in the context of DD. OBJECTIVES To review the existing data on the cognitive impairment in DD patients with comorbid MDD or BD, considering the influence of the depressive symptomatology. METHODS Following the PRISMA protocol 19 studies were selected from the last 17 years, 13 of which focused on BD, five on MDD and one included both diagnoses. RESULTS Studies based in BD+SUD showed that the most affected cognitive domains were attention and executive functions, but not all of them found a greater impairment due to the comorbidity. While fewer studies were found for depression, MDD+SUD works point to a similar impairment cognitive pattern. Furthermore, depression improvement could be associated to better cognitive performance. LIMITATIONS More standardized research is needed regarding the influence of depression on cognitive performance of DD patients, especially on those with comorbid MDD. Factors such as main substance, abstinence, or MDD/BD-related variables should be considered. Unstudied factors, like gender or circadian rhythms, are proposed to improve knowledge in this area. CONCLUSIONS Current studies suggest that DD could potentiate cognitive impairment in BD, MDD and SUD. However, additional research is needed to improve the understanding of comorbidity to apply more individualized therapies in the treatment of these patients, considering the interference of their neurocognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Miguel
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia E Marquez-Arrico
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Jodar
- Neurology Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
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Beblo T, Bergdolt J, Kilian M, Toepper M, Moritz S, Driessen M, Dehn L. Do depressed patients really over-report cognitive impairment? J Affect Disord 2023; 338:466-471. [PMID: 37385388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressed patients report more severe cognitive impairment than is detectable by neuropsychological tests because they may underestimate their cognitive performance. Alternatively, it is possible that cognitive impairment primarily occurs under everyday life conditions as referred to in most questionnaires. The aim of the present study is to investigate the validity of self-reports in patients with major depression in order to better understand the pronounced impairment in self-reports. METHODS We investigated 58 patients with major depression and 28 heathy control participants. We administered the "Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry" (SCIP) to assess cognitive performance, the "Questionnaire for Cognitive Complaints" (FLei), and the newly developed scale for "Self-Perception of Cognitive Performance in everyday life and test settings" to ask for the self-assessed cognitive performance in everyday life and in a test situation more specifically. RESULTS Depressed patients showed an inferior test performance and reported much more general everyday life related cognitive problems compared to healthy participants. When asked more specifically for their cognitive performance in the test-situation compared to others and compared to everyday life, they did not report more test-related and everyday life related impairment than healthy participants did. LIMITATIONS Results might be influenced by comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS These results have implications for the assessment of subjective cognitive performance of depressed patients and shed light on the negative effects of general versus more specific recall of autobiographical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beblo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Ev. Hospital Bethel, University Hospital OWL, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Juliane Bergdolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Ev. Hospital Bethel, University Hospital OWL, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mia Kilian
- Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Max Toepper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Ev. Hospital Bethel, University Hospital OWL, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Steffen Moritz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Driessen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Ev. Hospital Bethel, University Hospital OWL, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lorenz Dehn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Ev. Hospital Bethel, University Hospital OWL, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
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Zerach G, Levinstein Y, Levi-Belz Y. Longitudinal associations between transgressions of moral beliefs and suicidal ideation among recently discharged veterans. Psychiatry Res 2023; 327:115392. [PMID: 37536145 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated longitudinal associations between subjective appraisals of transgressions of moral beliefs, values, and expectations (potential morally injurious events; PMIEs) and suicidal ideation (SI) among recently discharged combat veterans. Participants were 374 active-duty Israeli combatants who participated in a five-year longitudinal study with four measurement points: T1- one year before enlistment, T2- one month before discharge from army service, and then again six months and twelve months following discharge (T3 and T4, respectively). A history of lifetime suicidal ideation and behavior was associated with higher levels of subjective appraisals of PMIEs, as compared to no history of suicidal ideation and behavior. Above and beyond pre-enlistment personal characteristics, cross-lagged pathway analyses indicated significant bi-directional pathways between subjective appraisals of PMIEs and SI. For all PMIEs dimensions, SI was associated with greater subjective appraisals of PMIEs, on subsequent measurement. However, cross-lagged effects of PMIEs-'other' (T2) predicting SI (T3) and PMIEs-'betrayal' (T3) predicting SI (T4) were also found. Our findings are the first to provide evidence of longitudinal, temporal associations between subjective appraisals of PMIEs and SI, which might serve as potential intervention targets among recently discharged traumatized veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Zerach
- Dept. of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Yoav Levinstein
- Dept. of Health and Well-being, Medical Corps, IDF, Israel; School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Yossi Levi-Belz
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
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18
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Nunez JJ, Liu YS, Cao B, Frey BN, Ho K, Milev R, Müller DJ, Rotzinger S, Soares CN, Taylor VH, Uher R, Kennedy SH, Lam RW. Response trajectories during escitalopram treatment of patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2023; 327:115361. [PMID: 37523890 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a leading global cause of disability, yet about half of patients do not respond to initial antidepressant treatment. This treatment difficulty may be in part due to the heterogeneity of depression and corresponding response to treatment. Unsupervised machine learning allows underlying patterns to be uncovered, and can be used to understand this heterogeneity by finding groups of patients with similar response trajectories. Prior studies attempting this have clustered patients using a narrow range of data primarily from depression scales. In this work, we used unsupervised machine learning to cluster patients receiving escitalopram therapy using a wide variety of subjective and objective clinical features from the first eight weeks of the Canadian Biomarker Integration Network in Depression-1 trial. We investigated how these clusters responded to treatment by comparing changes in symptoms and symptom categories, and by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our algorithm found three clusters, which broadly represented non-responders, responders, and remitters. Most categories of features followed this response pattern except for objective cognitive features. Using PCA with our clusters, we found that subjective mood state/anhedonia is the core feature of response with escitalopram, but there exists other distinct patterns of response around neurovegetative symptoms, activation, and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Jose Nunez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Yang S Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Bo Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Keith Ho
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roumen Milev
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Providence Care, Kingston, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Susan Rotzinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Claudio N Soares
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Providence Care, Kingston, Canada
| | - Valerie H Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rudolf Uher
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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19
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van Hal R, Geurts D, van Eijndhoven P, Kist J, Collard RM, Tendolkar I, Vrijsen JN. A transdiagnostic view on MDD and ADHD: shared cognitive characteristics? J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:315-324. [PMID: 37556964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive disorder (MDD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are prevalent mental disorders that often co-occur. There is overlap in symptomatology between MDD and ADHD that complicates diagnostics and treatment selection. Hence, to aid diagnostics of single and comorbid disorders, we aimed to examine the discriminative power of common symptom measures and cognitive dysfunction to differentiate between participants diagnosed with MDD, ADHD, ADHD and comorbid MDD and without a mental disorder. METHODS Four diagnosed groups were compared: MDD (n = 103), ADHD (n = 78), comorbid MDD + ADHD (n = 29), healthy controls (HC; n = 123). We examined between-group differences and discriminative functions of clinically validated self-report symptom questionnaires, as well as task-based and self-report measures of cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS Based on the between group comparisons, all patient groups were characterized by clinically relevant levels of ADHD-symptomatology, executive dysfunction, and diminished cognitive performances in the domain of attention; even the MDD-only group. In addition, based on self-reported symptoms of MDD, ADHD, and executive dysfunction, discriminant function analysis classified all HC correctly (100%) and patients diagnosed with ADHD or MDD relatively well (resp. 85% and 82%). Comorbid MDD + ADHD was poorly differentiated from single MDD or ADHD by the commonly used self-report symptom questionnaires for MDD and ADHD (0% correct predictions), which substantially improved by incorporating the questionnaire on executive functioning (42% correct predictions). CONCLUSIONS In both MDD and ADHD, clinical levels of attentional and executive dysfunction were found, while these clinical groups differed in cognitive flexibility, initiating, inhibition and meta-cognition. Comorbid MDD + ADHD was poorly distinguishable from non-comorbid MDD and ADHD based on self-reported symptoms of depression and ADHD. Addition of subjective executive function in the discrimination models resulted in increased discriminative power. Our findings indicate that executive functioning measure can improve the diagnostic process of ADHD and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne van Hal
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Dirk Geurts
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Philip van Eijndhoven
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joosje Kist
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rose M Collard
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Indira Tendolkar
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janna N Vrijsen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Pro Persona Mental Health Care, Depression Expertise Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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20
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Fung VSC, Chan JMT, Chui EMC, Wong CSM, Chan JKN, Chu RST, So YK, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1216768. [PMID: 37663610 PMCID: PMC10469870 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1216768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The extent of cognitive impairment and its association with psychological distress among people with pre-existing mental illness during COVID-19 is understudied. This study aimed to investigate prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) in Chinese psychiatric patients during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong (HK). Methods Four-hundred-eight psychiatric outpatients aged 18-64 years were assessed with questionnaires between 28 March and 8 April 2022, encompassing illness profile, psychopathological symptoms, coping-styles, resilience, and COVID-19 related factors. Participants were categorized into moderate-to-severe and intact/mild cognitive impairment (CI+ vs. CI-) groups based on severity of self-reported cognitive complaints. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with CI+ status. Results One-hundred-ninety-nine participants (48.8%) experienced CI+. A multivariate model on psychopathological symptoms found that depressive and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms were related to CI+, while a multivariate model on coping, resilience and COVID-19 related factors revealed that avoidant coping, low resilience and more stressors were associated with CI+. Final combined model demonstrated the best model performance and showed that more severe depressive and PTSD-like symptoms, and adoption of avoidant coping were significantly associated with CI+. Conclusion Almost half of the sample of psychiatric patients reported cognitive complaints during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in HK. Greater depressive and PTSD-like symptom severity, and maladaptive (avoidant) coping were found as correlates of SCI. COVID-19 related factors were not independently associated with SCI in psychiatric patients. Early detection with targeted psychological interventions may therefore reduce psychological distress, and hence self-perceived cognitive difficulties in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Myklebost SB, Nordgreen T, Klakegg OS, Hammar Å. Long-term outcomes of an internet-delivered cognitive enhancement intervention targeting residual cognitive deficits after major depressive disorder: a 2-year follow-up of an open trial. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1194689. [PMID: 37655198 PMCID: PMC10466045 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1194689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive deficits are common and disabling residual symptoms following major depressive disorder (MDD) and are related to increased risk of relapse. Residual cognitive deficits should thus be considered an important target for treatment. However, few have reported long-term outcomes of interventions targeting residual cognitive deficits. Objective This study aimed to (1) investigate change between pre-treatment and 2-year follow-up assessments in cognitive deficits, rumination, and symptoms of MDD after an internet-delivered intervention targeting residual cognitive deficits; (2) to investigate stability in outcomes between 6-month and 2-year follow-up assessments; (3) to report the number of participants' experiencing a new episode of MDD in the follow-up period; and (4) to investigate differences in outcomes between those who experienced a new episode of MDD and those who did not. Methods A total of 43 partly remitted adults were included to test a guided internet-delivered intervention, which consisted of 10 modules involving psychoeducation, cognitive strategies, and attention training. Participants were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, after 6-months, and after 2-years, with measures assessing self-reported residual cognitive deficits, rumination, symptoms of MDD and relapse. Overall, 32 participants completed the 2-year follow-up assessment. Results Between the pre-treatment and 2-year follow-up assessments, there was a reduction in cognitive deficits and rumination, while there was an increase in symptoms of MDD. Cognitive deficits were stable between the 6-month and the 2-year follow-up, while there was an increase in rumination and symptoms of MDD. Thirteen of 32 participants reported a new episode of MDD during the follow-up period. The relapse group reported longer duration of MDD at pre-treatment and showed a difference in all outcomes after 2 years compared to the no-relapse group. The no-relapse group showed improvement in MDD symptoms at post-treatment, while the relapse group did not. Conclusion Delivering cognitive enhancement interventions over the internet is potentially related to stable improvements in residual cognitive deficits. The effects on rumination and symptoms of MDD are less certain. Lack of improvement in MDD symptoms after the intervention period should be investigated as an indicator of relapse. Results should be interpreted with caution due to the lack of control group and sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunniva Brurok Myklebost
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tine Nordgreen
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Oda Stakkestad Klakegg
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Åsa Hammar
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Skåne, Sweden
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22
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Liu J, Zhao X, Wei X, Yan D, Ou W, Liao M, Ji S, Peng Y, Wu S, Wang M, Ju Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Liu B, Li L, Zhang Y. Empirical evidence for the neurocognitive effect of nitrous oxide as an adjunctive therapy in patients with treatment resistant depression: A randomized controlled study. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115326. [PMID: 37390601 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) has demonstrated an antidepressant effect for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but no studies investigated the effects of N2O on different cognition domains. This study aimed to test whether N2O would display pro-cognitive effects. We conducted a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial, 44 patients with TRD were randomized to N2O group (one-hour inhalation of 50% N2O/50% oxygen) or placebo group (50% air/50% oxygen). Thirty-four patients completed cognitive tests at the pre-treatment phase, 1-week, and 2 weeks post-treatment including subjective cognitive function, processing speed, attention, and executive function. Although the antidepressant effect of N2O was not significant at 1 week, patients still showed better performance of executive function at 1 week after receiving N2O compared with the placebo. Moreover, this significant improvement still existed at 1 week after controlling for the change in depressive symptoms over-time. Additionally, no significant difference was observed in subjective cognitive function, processing speed, and attention between these two groups across the 2-week follow-up period. As the first study investigating the treatment effects of N2O on improving cognitive function in TRD patients, the current study indicated that N2O has a potential pro-cognitive effect on executive function and this effect might be independent from improvements in depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiyu Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Danfeng Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Shanxi Mental Health Center, Taiyuan Fifth People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030045, China
| | - Wenwen Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mei Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shanling Ji
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Wearable Computing, School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shibin Wu
- Nanning Fifth People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530028, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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23
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Albermann M, Emery S, Baumgartner N, Strumberger M, Erb S, Wöckel L, Müller-Knapp U, Rhiner B, Contin-Waldvogel B, Bachmann S, Schmeck K, Berger G, Häberling I. Executive functions and borderline personality features in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:957753. [PMID: 37425294 PMCID: PMC10325791 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.957753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Executive functions (EF) consolidate during adolescence and are impaired in various emerging psychiatric disorders, such as pediatric Major Depressive Disorder (pMDD) and Borderline Personality Disorder. Previous studies point to a marked heterogeneity of deficits in EF in pMDD. We examined the hypothesis that deficits in EF in adolescents with pMDD might be related to comorbid Borderline Personality features (BPF). Methods We examined a sample of 144 adolescents (15.86 ± 1.32) diagnosed with pMDD. Parents rated their child's EF in everyday life with the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and BPF with the Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation Scale (IED-27). The adolescents completed equivalent self-rating measures. Self- and parent-ratings of the BRIEF scores were compared with paired t-Tests. Correlation and parallel mediation analyses, ICC, and multiple regression analyses were used to assess symptom overlap, parent-child agreement, and the influence of depression severity. Results Over the whole sample, none of the self- or parent-rated BRIEF scales reached a mean score above T > 65, which would indicate clinically impaired functioning. Adolescents tended to report higher impairment in EF than their parents. Depression severity was the strongest predictor for BPF scores, with Emotional Control predicting parent-rated BPF and Inhibit predicting self-rated BPF. Furthermore, the Behavioral Regulation Index, which includes EF closely related to behavioral control, significantly mediated the relationship between depression severity and IED-27 factors emotional dysregulation and relationship difficulties but not non-suicidal self-injuries. Conclusion On average, adolescents with depression show only subtle deficits in executive functioning. However, increased EF deficits are associated with the occurrence of comorbid borderline personality features, contributing to a more severe overall psychopathology. Therefore, training of executive functioning might have a positive effect on psychosocial functioning in severely depressed adolescents, as it might also improve comorbid BPF. Clinical trial registration www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03167307.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Albermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Emery
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Strumberger
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Suzanne Erb
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Services St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lars Wöckel
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clienia Littenheid AG, Littenheid, Switzerland
| | | | - Bruno Rhiner
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Thurgau, Weinfelden, Switzerland
| | | | - Silke Bachmann
- University Clinic of the Martin-Luther University Halle – Wittenberg’s Medical Faculty, Halle, Germany
- Département de Psychiatrie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Schmeck
- Research Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregor Berger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Häberling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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24
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Ronold EH, Myklebost SB, Hammar Å. Improvement in self-reported cognitive functioning but not in rumination following online working memory training in a two-year follow-up study of remitted major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1163073. [PMCID: PMC10277740 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1163073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-reported subjective cognitive difficulties (subjective deficits) and rumination are central residual cognitive symptoms following major depressive disorder (MDD). These are risk factors for more a severe course of illness, and despite the considerable relapse risk of MDD, few interventions target the remitted phase, a high-risk period for developing new episodes. Online distribution of interventions could help close this gap. Computerized working memory training (CWMT) shows promising results, but findings are inconclusive regarding which symptoms improve following this intervention, and its long-term effects. This study reports results from a longitudinal open-label two-year follow-up pilot-study of self-reported cognitive residual symptoms following 25 sessions (40 min), five times a week of a digitally delivered CWMT intervention. Ten of 29 patients remitted from MDD completed two-year follow-up assessment. Significant large improvements in self-reported cognitive functioning on the behavior rating inventory of executive function-adult version appeared after two-years (d = 0.98), but no significant improvements were found in rumination (d < 0.308) measured by the ruminative responses scale. The former showed moderate non-significant associations to improvement in CWMT both post-intervention (r = 0.575) and at two-year follow-up (r = 0.308). Strengths in the study included a comprehensive intervention and long follow-up time. Limitations were small sample and no control group. No significant differences between completers and drop-outs were found, however, attrition effects cannot be ruled out and demand characteristics could influence findings. Results suggested lasting improvements in self-reported cognitive functioning following online CWMT. Controlled studies with larger samples should replicate these promising preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eivind Haga Ronold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Åsa Hammar
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Office for Psychiatry and Habilitation, Psychiatry Research Skåne, Skåne, Sweden
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25
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Zhu N, Tong J, Pei Y, Zhang J, Sun X. Factors associated with objective and subjective cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with acute major depressive disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:348. [PMID: 37208711 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients diagnosed withmajor depressive disorder (MDD) usually experience impaired cognitive functioning, which might negatively impact their clinical and functional outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association of specific clinical factors with cognitive dysfunction in a group of MDD patients. METHODS A total of 75 subjects diagnosed with recurrent MDD were evaluated during the acute stage. Their cognitive functions were assessed using the THINC-integrated tool (THINC-it) for attention/alertness, processing speed, executive function, and working memory. Clinical psychiatric evaluations, such as the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), were used to assess patients' levels of anxiety, depression and sleeping problems. The investigated clinical variables were age, years of education, age at onset, number of depressive episodes, disease duration, presence of depressive and anxiety symptoms, sleep problems, and number of hospitalizations. RESULTS The results revealed that significant differences were observed between the two groups in the THINC-it total scores, Spotter, Codebreaker, Trails, and PDQ-5-D scores (P < 0.001). The THINC-it total scores, Spotter, Codebreaker, Trails, and Symbol Check were significantly associated with age and age at onset(P < 0.01). In addition, regression analysis found that years of education was positively associated with the Codebreaker total scores (P < 0.05). the THINC-it total scores, Symbol Check, Trails, and Codebreaker were correlated with the HAM-D total scores(P < 0.05). Additionally, the THINC-it total scores, Symbol Check, PDQ-5-D and Codebreaker significantly correlated with the PSQI total scores (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We found a significant statistical association between almost all cognitive domains and different clinical aspects in depressive disorder, such asage, age at onset, severity of depression, years of education, and sleep problems. Additionally, education was shown to be a protective factor against processing speed impairments. Special considerations of these factors might help outline better management strategies to improve cognitive functions in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Pei
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xirong Sun
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Mackin RS, Jin C, Burns E, Kassel M, Rhodes E, Nosheny R, Ashford M, Banh T, Eichenbaum J, Knight K, Tank R, Camacho MR, Fockler J, Truran D, Neuhaus J, Weiner M. Association of Major Depressive Disorder with remotely administered measures of cognition and subjective report of cognitive difficulties across the adult age spectrum. J Affect Disord 2023; 326:198-205. [PMID: 36528135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) has increasing prevalence with age. Both objective measures of cognitive dysfunction and subjective report of cognitive difficulties related to MDD are often thought to worsen with increasing age. However, few studies have directly evaluated these characteristics across the adult lifespan. METHODS Participants included 23,594 adults completing objective and subjective measures of cognition on an online research registry. Linear regression including interactions of age group with depression was used to evaluate the association of self-reported MDD with measures of cognition in three age groups: 21-40 years; 41-60 years; 61+ years. RESULTS MDD (n = 2127) demonstrated poorer objective cognitive performance and greater subjective ratings of cognitive difficulties across all domains assessed compared to non-depressed individuals (ND; n = 21,467). Significant interactions of age group and MDD status with objective and subjective measures of cognition were observed for both middle age and older adults when compared to young adults but few significant differences between middle-aged and older adults were evident. LIMITATIONS This study relied on self-report of MDD diagnosis, utilized remotely administered and unsupervised measures of cognition, and the sample was not diverse. CONCLUSIONS The magnitude of association between MDD and cognitive correlates appears to plateau in middle age. Our results suggest that increased rates of dementia are not due to greater cognitive consequence of MDD in older adults and that age effects, and not greater effects of depression, may lead to increased diagnosis of MDD based on subjective report of cognitive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Mackin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Chengshi Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Emily Burns
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michelle Kassel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emma Rhodes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Nosheny
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Ashford
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tim Banh
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Eichenbaum
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Knight
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rachana Tank
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monica R Camacho
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juliet Fockler
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diana Truran
- VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - John Neuhaus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, USA; VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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27
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Mueller A, Zucchetto JM, Siedlecki KL. The Relationship Between Social Support and Subjective Cognitive Functioning Across Adulthood. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2023; 96:174-200. [PMID: 34904898 DOI: 10.1177/00914150211066565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive functioning (SCF) is the self-appraisal of one's objective cognition, including both perceived cognitive ability and perceived cognitive impairment. Research has demonstrated perceived subjective cognitive impairment to be an important precursor to objective cognitive declines associated with increased age. Although previous work has shown a consistent positive relationship between social support and objective cognition throughout adulthood, few studies have examined the relationship between social support and SCF. Participants (N = 1,877; age range: 18-99) from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project completed assessments of multiple domains of SCF and social support. Results demonstrated a significant association between negative support interactions and poorer SCF, beyond the influence of sociodemographic, well-being, and health factors. Exploratory analyses indicated that the magnitude of the relationships between social support and SCF were generally the same across age. These findings suggest that negative interactions may adversely impact an individual's self-appraisals of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalee Mueller
- Department of Psychology, 5923Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
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28
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The moderating roles of self-efficacy and depression in dual-task walking in multiple sclerosis: A test of self-awareness theory. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:274-282. [PMID: 35465869 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617722000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disease associated with a variety of psychological, cognitive, and motoric symptoms. Walking is among the most important functions compromised by MS. Dual-task walking (DTW), an everyday activity in which people walk and engage in a concurrent, discrete task, has been assessed in MS, but little is known about how it relates to other MS symptoms. Self-awareness theory suggests that DTW may be a function of the interactions among psychological, cognitive, and motor processes. METHOD Cognitive testing, self-report assessments for depression and falls self-efficacy (FSE), and walk evaluations [DTW and single-task walk (STW)] were assessed in seventy-three people with MS in a clinical care setting. Specifically, we assessed whether psychological factors (depression and FSE) that alter subjective evaluations regarding one's abilities would moderate the relationships between physical and cognitive abilities and DTW performance. RESULTS DTW speed is related to diverse physical and cognitive predictors. In support of self-awareness theory, FSE moderated the relationship between STW and DTW speeds such that lower FSE attenuated the strength of the relationship between them. DTW costs - the change in speed normalized by STW speed - did not relate to cognitive and motor predictors. DTW costs did relate to depressive symptoms, and depressive symptoms moderated the effect of information processing on DTW costs. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that an interplay of physical ability and psychological factors - like depression and FSE - may enhance understanding of walking performance under complex, real-world, DTW contexts.
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Paolini M, Palladini M, Mazza MG, Colombo F, Vai B, Rovere-Querini P, Falini A, Poletti S, Benedetti F. Brain correlates of subjective cognitive complaints in COVID-19 survivors: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 68:1-10. [PMID: 36640728 PMCID: PMC9742225 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment represents a leading residual symptom of COVID-19 infection, which lasts for months after the virus clearance. Up-to-date scientific reports documented a wide spectrum of brain changes in COVID-19 survivors following the illness's resolution, mainly related to neurological and neuropsychiatric consequences. Preliminary insights suggest abnormal brain metabolism, microstructure, and functionality as neural under-layer of post-acute cognitive dysfunction. While previous works focused on brain correlates of impaired cognition as objectively assessed, herein we investigated long-term neural correlates of subjective cognitive decline in a sample of 58 COVID-19 survivors with a multimodal imaging approach. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) analyses revealed widespread white matter disruption in the sub-group of cognitive complainers compared to the non-complainer one, as indexed by increased axial, radial, and mean diffusivity in several commissural, projection and associative fibres. Likewise, the Multivoxel Pattern Connectivity analysis (MVPA) revealed highly discriminant patterns of functional connectivity in resting-state among the two groups in the right frontal pole and in the middle temporal gyrus, suggestive of inefficient dynamic modulation of frontal brain activity and possible metacognitive dysfunction at rest. Beyond COVID-19 actual pathophysiological brain processes, our findings point toward brain connectome disruption conceivably translating into clinical post-COVID cognitive symptomatology. Our results could pave the way for a potential brain signature of cognitive complaints experienced by COVID-19 survivors, possibly leading to identify early therapeutic targets and thus mitigating its detrimental long-term impact on quality of life in the post-COVID-19 stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Paolini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Molecular Medicine, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Palladini
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mario Gennaro Mazza
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Colombo
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; PhD Program in Cognitive Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Vai
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Poletti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry & Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Ramnarain D, Pouwels S, Fernández-Gonzalo S, Navarra-Ventura G, Balanzá-Martínez V. Delirium-related psychiatric and neurocognitive impairment and the association with post-intensive care syndrome-A narrative review. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2023; 147:460-474. [PMID: 36744298 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Delirium is common among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and its impact on the neurocognitive and psychiatric state of survivors is of great interest. These new-onset or worsening conditions, together with physical alterations, are called post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). Our aim is to update on the latest screening and follow-up options for psychological and cognitive sequelae of PICS. METHOD This narrative review discusses the occurrence of delirium in ICU settings and the relatively new concept of PICS. Psychiatric and neurocognitive morbidities that may occur in survivors of critical illness following delirium are addressed. Future perspectives for practice and research are discussed. RESULTS There is no "gold standard" for diagnosing delirium in the ICU, but two extensively validated tools, the confusion assessment method for the ICU and the intensive care delirium screening checklist, are often used. PICS complaints are frequent in ICU survivors who have suffered delirium and have been recognized as an important public health and socio-economic problem worldwide. Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and long-term cognitive impairment are recurrently exhibited. Screening tools for these deficits are discussed, as well as the suggestion of early assessment after discharge and at 3 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Delirium is a complex but common phenomenon in the ICU and a risk factor for PICS. Its diagnosis is challenging with potential long-term adverse outcomes, including psychiatric and cognitive difficulties. The implementation of screening and follow-up protocols for PICS sequelae is warranted to ensure early detection and appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmanand Ramnarain
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Saxenburgh Medical Center, Hardenberg, The Netherlands.,Departmentof Medical and Clinical Psychology, Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic disease (CoRPS), Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Sjaak Pouwels
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Abdominal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Helios Klinikum, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Sol Fernández-Gonzalo
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Guillem Navarra-Ventura
- Critical Care Center, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Lau SCL, Connor LT, Baum CM. Subjective and objective assessments are associated for physical function but not cognitive function in community-dwelling stroke survivors. Disabil Rehabil 2022; 44:8349-8356. [PMID: 34904503 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2021.2012845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relation between subjectively and objectively assessed cognitive and physical functioning among community-dwelling stroke survivors, and to examine the association of stroke severity with subjectively and objectively assessed cognitive and physical impairments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Secondary data analysis was conducted with 127 community-dwelling stroke survivors. For cognitive functioning, objective measures included the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and the Executive Function Performance Test; subjective measures included the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders Applied Cognition. Objective and subjective physical functioning was measured by the NIH Toolbox 2-Minute Walk Test and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function, respectively. RESULTS A positive correlation was observed between subjective and objective physical functioning, whereas the correlation between subjective and objective cognitive functioning was nonsignificant. Stroke severity was associated with objective cognitive impairment and objective and subjective physical impairment, but not subjective cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS The lack of association between objective and subjective cognitive functioning challenges the conventional assumption that perceived functioning reflects actual performance. We recommend using both objective and subjective measures to accurately identify cognitive and physical impairment following stroke.Implications for RehabilitationSubjective cognitive functioning is not associated with objective cognitive functioning, suggesting that solely relying on stroke patients' reports is inadequate and may inaccurately estimate patients' actual deficits.Both objective and subjective measures should be used to accurately identify cognitive and physical impairment following stroke.Practitioners should be cognizant of stroke patients' behavioral signs associated with underlying cognitive problems that warrant further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C L Lau
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lisa Tabor Connor
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carolyn M Baum
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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32
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Hoorelbeke K, Vander Zwalmen Y, Hagen BI, Stubberud J, Koster EHW. Connecting residual depressive symptoms to self-reported executive functioning: A network analytical approach. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 155:75-84. [PMID: 35995017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Persisting executive functioning (EF) impairments following remission from depression form an important source of disability in daily life. However, little is known regarding how specific aspects of EF relate to residual depressive symptomatology. Using network analysis, the current study investigates unique associations between cognitive-, affective-, and somatic depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory 2nd edition, BDI-II) and self-reported EF (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult version, BRIEF-A) in a sample of 161 remitted depressed individuals. We identified three clusters of closely connected nodes, corresponding with the Metacognition- and Behavioral Regulation Index of the BRIEF-A, and one cluster consisting of cognitive, affective-, and somatic depressive symptomatology. Among the clusters consisting of EF domains, working memory and shifting difficulties emerged as bridging nodes. Depressive cognition most strongly connected the cluster of depressive symptoms with the EF clusters. Depressive symptom dimensions demonstrated both shared and unique associations with EF domains. Each depressive symptom dimension was directly related to emotional control impairments. In addition, multiple associations were observed between depressive symptomatology and complaints at the level of working memory, shifting, and planning/organizing. Depressive affect was uniquely related to difficulties initiating activity. The current findings provide insights into the relationship between perceived difficulties in EF and residual depressive symptomatology. EF domains were differentially related to depressive symptom dimensions, suggesting the need for further research into the role of EF following remission from depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Hoorelbeke
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Yannick Vander Zwalmen
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bjørn Ingulfsvann Hagen
- Department of Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Social Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Harstad, Norway
| | - Jan Stubberud
- Department of Research, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ernst H W Koster
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Smith L, Shin JI, Song TJ, Underwood BR, Jacob L, López Sánchez GF, Schuch F, Oh H, Veronese N, Soysal P, Butler L, Barnett Y, Koyanagi A. Association between depression and subjective cognitive complaints in 47 low- and middle-income countries. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 154:28-34. [PMID: 35926423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
People with depression and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) may be at particularly high risk for developing dementia. However, to date, studies on depression and SCC are limited mainly to single high-income countries. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between depression and SCC in adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cross-sectional, community-based data were analyzed from the World Health Survey. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 (No SCC) to 100 (worse SCC). ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research was used for the diagnosis of subsyndromal depression, brief depressive episode, and depressive episode. Multivariable linear regression was conducted to explore the associations. Data on 237,952 individuals aged ≥18 years [mean (SD) age 38.4 (16.0) years; females 50.8%] were analyzed. After adjustment for potential confounders (age, sex, education, anxiety), compared to no depressive disorder, subsyndromal depression (b-coefficient 7.91; 95%CI = 5.63-10.18), brief depressive episode (b-coefficient 10.37; 95%CI = 8.95-11.78), and depressive episode (b-coefficient 13.57; 95%CI = 12.33-14.81) were significantly associated with higher mean SCC scores. The association was similar in all age groups (i.e., 18-44, 45-64, and ≥65 years), and both males and females. All depression types assessed were associated with worse SCC among adults in 47 LMICs. Future longitudinal studies are needed to investigate whether older people with depression and SCC are at higher risk for dementia onset in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Cambridge, Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03372, South Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University, South Korea
| | - Benjamin R Underwood
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, The Gnodde Goldman Sachs Translational Neuroscience Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Felipe Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Laurie Butler
- Cambridge, Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Cambridge, Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08830, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg, Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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34
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Sánchez-Torres AM, Moreno-Izco L, Gil-Berrozpe GJ, Lorente-Omeñaca R, Zandio M, Zarzuela A, Peralta V, Cuesta MJ. Assessment of cognitive impairment in psychosis spectrum disorders through self-reported and interview-based measures. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:1183-1192. [PMID: 35362774 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01399-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Self-reported and interview-based measures can be considered coprimary measures of cognitive performance. We aimed to ascertain to what extent cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders, as assessed with a neuropsychological battery, is associated with subjective cognitive complaints compared to difficulties in daily activities caused by cognitive impairment. We assessed 114 patients who had a psychotic disorder with a set of neuropsychological tests and two additional measures: the Cognitive Assessment Interview-Spanish version (CAI-Sp) and the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ). Patients also underwent a clinical assessment. The CAI-Sp correlated significantly with all the clinical dimensions, while the FCQ correlated only with positive and depressive symptoms. The CAI-Sp correlated significantly with all cognitive domains, except for verbal memory and social cognition. The FCQ was associated with attention, processing speed and working memory. The combination of manic and depressive symptoms and attention, processing speed, working memory and explained 38-46% of the variance in the patients' CAI-Sp. Education and negative symptoms, in combination with attention, processing speed, and executive functions, explained 54-59% of the CAI-Sp rater's variance. Only negative symptoms explained the variance in the CAI-Sp informant scores (37-42%). Depressive symptoms with attention and working memory explained 15% of the FCQ variance. The ability to detect cognitive impairment with the CAI-Sp and the FCQ opens the possibility to consider these instruments to approximate cognitive impairment in clinical settings due to their ease of application and because they are less time-consuming for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucía Moreno-Izco
- Navarra Institute of Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - María Zandio
- Navarra Institute of Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amalia Zarzuela
- Navarra Institute of Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Mental Health Department, Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victor Peralta
- Navarra Institute of Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Mental Health Department, Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Navarra Institute of Health Research, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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35
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In pursuit of full recovery in major depressive disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022:10.1007/s00406-022-01487-5. [PMID: 36085532 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals with major depression disorder (MDD) who achieve remission of depressive symptoms, do not perceive themselves as fully recovered. This study explores whether clinical remission is related to functional remission and to patient's perception of recovery, as well as, which factors are associated with their functional and subjective remission. 148 patients with MDD in partial clinical remission were included. Demographics and clinical variables were collected through semi-structured interviews. Objective cognition was evaluated through a neuropsychological battery and subjective cognition through a specific questionnaire. The patient's psychosocial functioning and the perception of their remission were also assessed. Apart from descriptive analysis, Pearson correlations and backward stepwise regression models explored the relationship between demographic, clinical, and cognitive factors with patients' functional and self-perceived remission. From the whole sample, 57 patients (38.5%) were considered to achieve full clinical remission, 38 patients (25.7%) showed functional remission, and 55 patients (37.2%) perceived themselves as remitted. Depressive symptoms and objective and subjective executive function were the factors associated with psychosocial functioning. Besides, depressive symptoms, objective and subjective attention, and subjective executive function were the significant explanatory variables for self-perception of remission. The concept of full recovery from an episode of MDD should not only include the clinician's perspective but also the patient's psychosocial functioning along with their self-perceived remission. As residual depressive symptoms and cognition (objective and subjective) are factors with great contribution to a full recovery, clinicians should specifically address them when choosing therapeutic strategies.
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Phillips JL, Van Geel A, Burhunduli P, Vasudev D, Batten LA, Norris S, Talbot J, Ortiz A, Owoeye O, Blier P. Assessment of Objective and Subjective Cognitive Function in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression Undergoing Repeated Ketamine Infusions. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2022; 25:992-1002. [PMID: 35931041 PMCID: PMC9743964 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subanesthetic ketamine infusions can elicit rapid and sustained antidepressant effects, yet the potential cognitive impact of ketamine has not been thoroughly examined. This study measured changes in objective and subjective cognitive function following repeated ketamine treatment. METHODS Thirty-eight patients with treatment-resistant depression were administered cognitive assessments before and after undergoing 7 i.v. ketamine infusions (0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes) within a clinical trial examining the efficacy of single and repeated administrations. Depression severity and perceived concentration were evaluated with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Self-Report. RESULTS Twenty-three participants (60.5%) responded after repeated infusions (≥50% decrease in MADRS total scores). We measured significant improvements in several cognitive domains, including attention, working memory, verbal, and visuospatial memory (effect sizes ranging from Cohen d = 0.37-0.79). Cognitive changes were attributed to reduction in depressive symptoms except for improvement in verbal memory, which remained significant after adjustment for change in MADRS total score (P = .029, η p2 = 0.13). Only responders reported improvement in subjective cognitive function with repeated ketamine administration (MADRS item 6, P < .001, d = 2.00; Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Self-Report item 10, P < .001, d = 1.36). CONCLUSION A short course of repeated ketamine infusions did not impair neurocognitive function in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Further research is required to understand the potential mediating role of response and remission on improved cognitive function accompanying ketamine treatment as well as to examine longer-term safety outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01945047.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Phillips
- Correspondence: Jennifer L. Phillips, PhD, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K1Z7K4, Canada ()
| | - Amanda Van Geel
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia Burhunduli
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dominique Vasudev
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa A Batten
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandhaya Norris
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeanne Talbot
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abigail Ortiz
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olabisi Owoeye
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierre Blier
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at The Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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37
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Orchard ER, Ward PGD, Egan GF, Jamadar SD. Evidence of Subjective, But Not Objective, Cognitive Deficit in New Mothers at 1-Year Postpartum. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2022; 31:1087-1096. [PMID: 35980243 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The experience and even existence of cognitive deficits in the postpartum period is uncertain, with only a few scientific studies, reporting inconsistent results. Methods: In this study, we investigate cognition in 86 women (43 first-time mothers 1 year postpartum and 43 non-mothers). Results: Mothers and non-mothers showed no significant differences on measures of objective cognition (verbal memory, working memory, and processing speed or theory of mind). Despite the absence of objective differences, mothers self-reported significantly worse subjective memory than non-mothers. To interpret the difference between objective and subjective measures of memory, we investigated relationships between subjective memory, objective memory, and wellbeing. Mothers, but not non-mothers, showed a positive correlation between subjective and objective measures of memory, indicating mothers are "in-tune" with their memory performance. Mothers also demonstrated a positive relationship between subjective memory and wellbeing (sleep, anxiety, and depression), where better wellbeing correlated with higher subjective memory. This relationship was not apparent in non-mothers. The results suggest that poorer sleep, higher anxiety, and higher depression are related to reports of poorer self-reported memory in mothers. Conclusion: Our results add to our growing understanding of maternal cognition at 1 year postpartum, with no evidence of cognitive differences between mothers and non-mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwina R Orchard
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Clayton, Australia.,Yale Child Study Center, School of Medicine, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
| | - Phillip G D Ward
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Clayton, Australia
| | - Gary F Egan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Clayton, Australia
| | - Sharna D Jamadar
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Clayton, Australia
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38
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Kyytsönen M, Ikonen J, Aalto AM, Vehko T. The self-assessed information security skills of the Finnish population: A regression analysis. Comput Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cose.2022.102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Mohammadnia S, Bigdeli I, Mashhadi A, Ghanaei Chamanabad A, Roth RM. Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - adult version (BRIEF-A) in Iranian University students: Factor structure and relationship to depressive symptom severity. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2022; 29:786-792. [PMID: 32866045 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2020.1810689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is the most common psychiatric illness in Iran, and depression is common among university students in the country. The presence of depression is frequently associated with problems in executive functioning. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) is a questionnaire measure designed to assess executive functioning in everyday life in clinical and non-clinical populations. Currently, there is limited empirical validation of the measure for use in Iran. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Persian-language BRIEF-A in a sample of Iranian university students (n = 300). The factor structure of the BRIEF-A was examined via a confirmatory factor analysis. We also evaluated whether BRIEF-A scores differed among university students varying in severity of depressive symptoms (Minimal, Mild, Moderate, Severe) as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory - II. Results indicated that a two-factor model structure best fit the data for the BRIEF-A. Acceptable internal consistency was also observed. Furthermore, poorer subjective executive functioning was endorsed by the three depressive subgroups relative to the Minimal symptoms group. Together, these findings support a two-factor model for the Persian translation of the BRIEF-A, and indicate that more severe depressive symptoms in Iranian university students is associated with worse subjective executive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadnia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Imanollah Bigdeli
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mashhadi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanaei Chamanabad
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Robert M Roth
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychology Program, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth/DHMC, Lebanon, NH, USA
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40
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Chow TK, Bowie CR, Morton M, Lalovic A, McInerney SJ, Rizvi SJ. Contributors of Functional Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder: a Biopsychosocial Approach. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-022-00247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Goal Management Training in Canadian Military Members, Veterans, and Public Safety Personnel Experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030377. [PMID: 35326333 PMCID: PMC8946598 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychiatric illness that disproportionately affects military personnel, veterans, and public safety personnel (PSP). Evidence demonstrates that PTSD is significantly associated with difficulties with emotion regulation (ER) and difficulties with cognitive functioning, including difficulties with attention, working memory, and executive functioning. A wide body of evidence suggests a dynamic interplay among cognitive dysfunction, difficulties with ER, and symptoms of PTSD, where numerous studies have identified overlapping patterns of alterations in activation among neuroanatomical regions and neural circuitry. Little work has examined interventions that may target these symptoms collectively. The primary objective of this pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a parallel experimental design was to assess the effectiveness of goal management training (GMT), a cognitive remediation intervention, in reducing difficulties with cognitive functioning, and to determine its effects on PTSD symptoms and symptoms associated with PTSD, including difficulties with ER, dissociation, and functioning among military personnel, veterans, and PSP. Forty-two military personnel, veterans, and PSP between the ages of 18 and 70 with symptoms of PTSD were recruited across Ontario, Canada between October 2017 and August 2019. Participants were randomized to either the waitlist (WL) (n = 18) or the GMT (n = 22) condition. Participants in both conditions received self-report measures and a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Following their completion of the 3-month follow-up, participants in the WL condition were given the opportunity to participate in GMT. Assessors and participants were blind to intervention allocation during the initial assessment. A series of 2 (time) × 2 (group) ANOVAs were conducted to assess the differences between the WL and GMT conditions from pre- to post-intervention for the self-report and neuropsychological measures. The results demonstrated significant improvements in measures of executive functioning (e.g., verbal fluency, planning, impulsivity, cognitive shifting, and discrimination of targets) and trending improvements in short-term declarative memory for participants in the GMT condition. Participants in the GMT condition also demonstrated significant improvements from pre- to post-testing in measures of subjective cognition, functioning, PTSD symptom severity, difficulties with ER, dissociative symptom severity, and depression and anxiety symptoms. No adverse effects were reported as a result of participating in GMT. The results of this pilot RCT show promise that GMT may be a useful intervention to improve symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, symptoms of PTSD, and symptoms associated with PTSD within military personnel, veterans, and PSP. Future work is needed to address the small sample size and the durability of these findings.
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42
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Hoorelbeke K, Vervaeke J, Siegle GJ, Baeken C, Koster EH. Individual differences associated with treatment adherence and transfer effects following gamified web-based cognitive control training for repetitive negative thinking. Internet Interv 2022; 27:100507. [PMID: 35242588 PMCID: PMC8859013 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests beneficial effects of cognitive control training (CCT) on repetitive negative thinking (RNT), a key risk factor for internalizing symptomatology. However, relatively little is known regarding predictors of adherence to internet-delivered CCT as well as moderators of treatment effects for this intervention. Answering these questions could improve efficiency of clinical implementation of CCT as an eHealth intervention. The current pre-registered single-arm trial set-out to address these questions using a web-based gamified CCT procedure based on the adaptive Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task. Participants (N = 382) entered the internet-based study, where we observed considerable drop-out during the assessment phase and the first training sessions. Emotional stability and resilience emerged as predictors for deciding not to commence the intervention. Drop-out throughout the course of CCT was explained by age, emotion regulation-, and personality factors. We used latent profile analysis, a probabilistic modeling approach, to identify clusters of participants (User Profiles) based on indicators of baseline cognitive- and emotional functioning, training progress, and user experience. We obtained three User Profiles, reflecting low-, moderate-, and high-risk status. Effortful control, emotion regulation, internalizing symptomatology, resilience, and emotional stability played a central role in these User Profiles. Interestingly, User Profile predicted training related cognitive gains, as well as effects of CCT on anxiety- and stress symptoms, and reappraisal. Our findings suggest that CCT is most effective for the moderate- and high-risk groups. In addition, the high-risk group would likely benefit from a more intensive training procedure or repeated administration of the training procedure over time to foster long-term retention of training related gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Hoorelbeke
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Corresponding author at: Henri-Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jasmien Vervaeke
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Imec-Mict-Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greg J. Siegle
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Head and Skin (UZGent), Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Psychiatry (UZBrussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium,Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - Ernst H.W. Koster
- Psychopathology and Affective Neuroscience (PAN) lab, Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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43
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Groenman AP, van der Werf S, Geurts HM. Subjective cognition in adults with common psychiatric classifications; a systematic review. Psychiatry Res 2022; 308:114374. [PMID: 34995830 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim is to assess whether instruments developed to measure subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) and in neurology and aging can reliably be used in ADHD and other common psychiatric classifications. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and EMBASE+EMBASE CLASSIC were searched for relevant work on SCCs in psychiatric classifications (ADHD, autism, mood disorders, schizophrenia) in two phases: 1 identify instruments, 2 relevant studies. 35 studies with varying study quality were included. SCCs are most commonly studied in ADHD and mood disorders, but are found in all psychiatric classifications. SCCs show inconsistent and low associations to objective cognition across disorders, but higher and consistent relations are found with behavioral outcomes. SCCs are not qualitatively different for ADHD compared to other psychiatric classifications, and should thus not be seen as analogous to well validated measures of objective cognition. However, SCCs do reflect suffering, behavioral difficulties and problems experienced by across those with psychiatric problems in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabeth P Groenman
- Dutch Autism & ADHD Research Center, Department of Psychology, Univeersity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Sieberen van der Werf
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Dept Medical Psychology, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, Netherlands
| | - Hilde M Geurts
- Dutch Autism & ADHD Research Center, Department of Psychology, Univeersity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Dr. Leo Kannerhuis, autism clinic (Youz/Parnassia Group), Amsterdam, Netherlands
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44
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Sumiyoshi T, Hoshino T, Mishiro I, Hammer-Helmich L, Ge H, Moriguchi Y, Fujikawa K, Fernandez JL. Prediction of residual cognitive disturbances by early response of depressive symptoms to antidepressant treatments in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:95-102. [PMID: 34597893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently retain cognitive disturbances after recovery from mood symptoms. We investigated the relationship between early response of mood symptoms and/or remission, and residual cognitive disturbances after 6 months of antidepressant treatment. METHODS 518 patients with MDD were followed up for 6 months after antidepressant treatment initiation (first-line or switch from a previous drug). Subjective and objective cognitive disturbances were assessed by the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire - Depression (PDQ-D) and digit symbol substitution test (DSST), respectively. Depressive symptoms, as well as remission and early response to treatment, were assessed using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounders. RESULTS Early response of depressive mood (≥50% reduction in MADRS score at month 1) was related with fewer residual subjective cognitive symptoms, as evaluated by the PDQ-D at month 6 (p<0.001). Likewise, early remission status at month 2 was inversely associated with PDQ-D scores at month 6 (p<0.001). Among patients with baseline DSST scores of ≥1 standard deviation below the norm, early response/remission was associated with better performance on the DSST at month 6 (p<0.05). LIMITATIONS The cohort may not be representative of the general MDD patient population, and the possible influence of concomitant medications was not evaluated. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that early improvements in depressive symptoms predict better cognitive outcomes in patients with MDD. Grouping of patients by mood and cognition status in early stages of antidepressant treatments may facilitate efforts to improve long-term functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiki Sumiyoshi
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Hoshino
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Mishiro
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Holly Ge
- Health Economics & Epidemiology Statistics, Lundbeck Singapore Pte Limited, Singapore
| | | | - Keita Fujikawa
- Japan Medical Office, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Tokyo, Japan
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Influences of dopaminergic system dysfunction on late-life depression. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:180-191. [PMID: 34404915 PMCID: PMC8850529 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in cognition, reward processing, and motor function are clinical features relevant to both aging and depression. Individuals with late-life depression often show impairment across these domains, all of which are moderated by the functioning of dopaminergic circuits. As dopaminergic function declines with normal aging and increased inflammatory burden, the role of dopamine may be particularly salient for late-life depression. We review the literature examining the role of dopamine in the pathogenesis of depression, as well as how dopamine function changes with aging and is influenced by inflammation. Applying a Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Initiative perspective, we then review work examining how dopaminergic signaling affects these domains, specifically focusing on Cognitive, Positive Valence, and Sensorimotor Systems. We propose a unified model incorporating the effects of aging and low-grade inflammation on dopaminergic functioning, with a resulting negative effect on cognition, reward processing, and motor function. Interplay between these systems may influence development of a depressive phenotype, with an initial deficit in one domain reinforcing decline in others. This model extends RDoC concepts into late-life depression while also providing opportunities for novel and personalized interventions.
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46
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Hammar Å, Ronold EH, Rekkedal GÅ. Cognitive Impairment and Neurocognitive Profiles in Major Depression-A Clinical Perspective. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:764374. [PMID: 35345877 PMCID: PMC8957205 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.764374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, studies have investigated cognitive functioning from the perspective of acute state- to remitted phases of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Some cognitive deficits observed in the symptomatic phase persist in remission as traits or scars. The etiological origin and clinical consequences of the neurocognitive profiles reported in the literature are still unclear and may vary across populations. Deficits are suspected to influence the association between MDD and neurodegenerative disorders and could thus be of particular clinical consequence. The aim of this review is to describe the clinical neuropsychological profile in MDD and how it is related to research during the past decade on cognitive deficits in MDD from a state, trait, and scar perspective. This review, with a clinical perspective, investigates research from the past decade regarding cognitive functioning in MDD in a long-term perspective. We focus on the clinical manifestation of deficits, and the potential neurodegenerative consequences of the neurocognitive profile in MDD. Searches in Medline, PsycINFO and Embase were conducted targeting articles published between 2010 and 2020. Examination of the evidence for long-lasting neurocognitive deficits in major depression within the cognitive domains of Memory, Executive Functions, Attention, and Processing Speed was conducted and was interpreted in the context of the State, Scar and Trait hypotheses. Defining the neurocognitive profiles in MDD will have consequences for personalized evaluation and treatment of residual cognitive symptoms, and etiological understanding of mood disorders, and treatments could potentially reduce or delay the development of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Hammar
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eivind Haga Ronold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Guro Årdal Rekkedal
- Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Li X, Zhang Y, Meng C, Zhang C, Zhao W, Zhu DM, Zhu J. Functional stability predicts depressive and cognitive improvement in major depressive disorder: A longitudinal functional MRI study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110396. [PMID: 34217754 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional stability is a newly developed dynamic functional connectivity approach. The objective of this study was to adopt functional stability to investigate diagnosis-associated abnormalities (patients vs. controls) and status-related changes (acute vs. remitted status) in brain function in major depressive disorder (MDD). 132 MDD patients and 102 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional MRI as well as clinical and cognitive assessment at baseline, with 48 patients completing follow-up examinations at an average of 7 months. Results showed no group differences in baseline functional stability and no longitudinal functional stability changes from acute to remitted status in patients. However, we found that baseline functional stability in the dorsal and ventral anterior cingulate cortex, calcarine sulcus, and middle occipital gyrus could predict improvement in depressive symptoms from acute to remitted status in MDD patients, with longitudinal functional stability changes in these regions related to the degree of symptom improvement. In addition, lower baseline functional stability in the inferior temporal gyrus could predict a greater improvement in sustained attention, which was associated with a greater functional stability increase in this region. Our findings highlight functional stability as a potential prognostic biomarker to predict and track disease progression or stratify MDD patients for optimizing disease management and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chun Meng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Radiology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
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Montejo L, Solé B, Verdolini N, Martínez-Arán A, Bonnín CDM, Radua J, Martín-Villalba I, Williams E, García-Rizo C, Mezquida G, Bernardo M, Vieta E, Torrent C, Amoretti S. Self-reported neurocognitive symptoms during COVID-19 lockdown and its associated factors in a sample of psychiatric patients. Results from the BRIS-MHC study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 53:7-18. [PMID: 34348213 PMCID: PMC8619656 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lockdown caused by COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on mental health. The aim was to assess self-reported neurocognitive symptoms during the lockdown and identify associated vulnerable and protective factors in a sample of psychiatric patients in a Spanish population. These results are part of the Barcelona ResIlience Survey for Mental Health COVID-19 (BRIS-MHC) project. Neurocognitive symptoms were assessed through an online survey considering the five items that represented self-reported neurocognitive complaints. We split the sample into two groups based on the severity of the self-reported neurocognitive complaints: intact cognitive function/mild cognitive impairment (CI-) and moderate/severe cognitive impairment (CI+). Univariate analyses were used to compare both groups in terms of sociodemographic and clinical variables. Multiple logistic regression models were carried out to identify clinical variables and coping strategies associated with neurocognitive symptoms. 198 patients with different psychiatric diagnoses were included in this study. One hundred seventeen patients were classified in the CI- group and 81 in the CI+ group. Depressive symptoms and negative psychotic-like symptoms were vulnerable factors for neurocognitive impairment. Coping strategies of performing physical activity, carrying out relaxing activities and maintaining a routine were protective factors against cognitive impairment. Lockdown situation negatively impact on neurocognitive function. Psychopathological symptoms and coping strategies were associated with neurocognitive symptoms during lockdown in subjects with psychiatric illness. The early treatment of psychopathological symptoms in psychiatric patients and promoting coping strategies during lockdown should be considered an intervention strategy against cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Montejo
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Brisa Solé
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Norma Verdolini
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anabel Martínez-Arán
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Caterina Del Mar Bonnín
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inés Martín-Villalba
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Evelin Williams
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Clemente García-Rizo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Carla Torrent
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institute of Neuroscience, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, c/Villarroel, 170, 12-0, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Neuroscience Institute, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Rnic K, Jung YE, Torres I, Chakrabarty T, LeMoult J, Vaccarino AL, Morton E, Bhat V, Giacobbe P, McInerney S, Frey BN, Milev RV, Müller D, Ravindran AV, Rotzinger S, Kennedy SH, Lam RW. Association between discrepancy in objective and subjective cognitive abilities and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 study report. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:1095-1101. [PMID: 34706420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by objective and subjective cognitive deficits. Discrepancies between objective and subjective cognitive performance can reflect under- to over-estimations of cognitive abilities, and these discrepancies are referred to as cognitive self-appraisals. Despite evidence that low self-appraisals are associated with depression, the modifiability of self-appraisals and their association with treatment outcome remains unclear. The current study examined whether self-appraisals change following antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, we investigated the association of self-appraisals with treatment outcome. METHODS As part of the CAN-BIND-1 clinical trial, 154 patients with MDD completed measures of objective and subjective cognitive abilities, depressive symptoms, and functional outcomes (work productivity, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life) at baseline and post-escitalopram treatment. Self-appraisals were calculated based on discrepancies between objective and subjective cognitive abilities, with higher scores indicating overestimation of cognitive abilities. RESULTS Baseline self-appraisals were not predictive of treatment outcomes. However, self-appraisals increased from pre- to post-treatment. Moreover, pre-post treatment increases in self-appraisals were associated with positive treatment response and remission, decreases in depressive symptoms, and improvements in work productivity, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life. LIMITATIONS The pre-post intervention design precluded examining the temporal precedence of change in self-appraisals versus depressive symptoms and functional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Findings are the first to demonstrate that self-appraisals are treatment-sensitive and are associated with treatment outcomes and recovery from MDD. Cognitive self-appraisals may represent a key marker of treatment response and a valuable target for assessment and intervention, as well as a potential mechanism underlying risk and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rnic
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada,.
| | - Young-Eun Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea
| | - Ivan Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Trisha Chakrabarty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Joelle LeMoult
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | | - Emma Morton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Peter Giacobbe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Shane McInerney
- Department of Psychiatry, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 Tk33, Ireland
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3K7, Canada
| | - Roumen V Milev
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Daniel Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Arun V Ravindran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Susan Rotzinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
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50
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Vicent-Gil M, Portella MJ, Serra-Blasco M, Navarra-Ventura G, Crivillés S, Aguilar E, Palao D, Cardoner N. Dealing with heterogeneity of cognitive dysfunction in acute depression: a clustering approach. Psychol Med 2021; 51:2886-2894. [PMID: 32476636 PMCID: PMC8640365 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720001567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity in cognitive functioning among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients could have been the reason for the small-to-moderate differences reported so far when it is compared to other psychiatric conditions or to healthy controls. Additionally, most of these studies did not take into account clinical and sociodemographic characteristics that could have played a relevant role in cognitive variability. This study aims to identify empirical clusters based on cognitive, clinical and sociodemographic variables in a sample of acute MDD patients. METHODS In a sample of 174 patients with an acute depressive episode, a two-step clustering analysis was applied considering potentially relevant cognitive, clinical and sociodemographic variables as indicators for grouping. RESULTS Treatment resistance was the most important factor for clustering, closely followed by cognitive performance. Three empirical subgroups were obtained: cluster 1 was characterized by a sample of non-resistant patients with preserved cognitive functioning (n = 68, 39%); cluster 2 was formed by treatment-resistant patients with selective cognitive deficits (n = 66, 38%) and cluster 3 consisted of resistant (n = 23, 58%) and non-resistant (n = 17, 42%) acute patients with significant deficits in all neurocognitive domains (n = 40, 23%). CONCLUSIONS The findings provide evidence upon the existence of cognitive heterogeneity across patients in an acute depressive episode. Therefore, assessing cognition becomes an evident necessity for all patients diagnosed with MDD, and although treatment resistant is associated with greater cognitive dysfunction, non-resistant patients can also show significant cognitive deficits. By targeting not only mood but also cognition, patients are more likely to achieve full recovery and prevent new relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Vicent-Gil
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria J. Portella
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Serra-Blasco
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Guillem Navarra-Ventura
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sara Crivillés
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Aguilar
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Diego Palao
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Narcís Cardoner
- Mental Health Department, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Biomedical Research Networking Center Consortium on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
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