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Gad SF, Vasiukhina A, Keller JS, Solorio L, Yeo Y. Multidimensional opioid abuse deterrence using a nanoparticle-polymer hybrid formulation. J Control Release 2024; 370:490-500. [PMID: 38685384 PMCID: PMC11162896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Misuse of prescription opioid drugs is the leading cause of the opioid crisis and overdose-related death. Abuse deterrent formulations (ADFs) have been developed to discourage attempts to tamper with the formulation and alter the ingestion methods. However, abusers develop complex extraction strategies to circumvent the ADF technologies. For comprehensive deterrence of drug abuse, we develop tannic acid nanoparticles (NPs) that protect encapsulated opioids from solvent extraction and thermal challenge (crisping), complementing the existing formulation strategy to deter injection abuse. Here, we develop a hybrid ADF tablet (NP-Tab), consisting of iron-crosslinked tannic acid NPs encapsulating thebaine (model opioid compound), xanthan gum, and chitosan (gel-forming polymers), and evaluate its performance in common abuse conditions. NP-Tab tampered by crushing and suspended in aqueous solvents forms an instantaneous gel, which is difficult to pull or push through a 21-gauge needle. NPs insulate the drug from organic solvents, deterring solvent extraction. NPs also promote thermal destruction of the drug to make crisping less rewarding. However, NP-Tab releases thebaine in the simulated gastric fluid without delay, suggesting that its analgesic effect may be unaffected if consumed orally as prescribed. These results demonstrate that NP-Tab can provide comprehensive drug abuse deterrence, resisting aqueous/organic solvent extraction, injection, and crisping, while retaining its therapeutic effect upon regular usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryhan F Gad
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Anastasiia Vasiukhina
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joseph S Keller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Dr, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Luis Solorio
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Dr., West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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2
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Keldibekova R, Suleimenova S, Nurgozhina G, Kopishev E. Interpolymer Complexes Based on Cellulose Ethers: Application. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3326. [PMID: 37571220 PMCID: PMC10422396 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Interpolymer complexes based on cellulose ethers have gained significant interest in recent years due to their versatile applications. These complexes are formed by combining different polymers through non-covalent interactions, resulting in stable structures. This article provides an overview of the various fields where IPCs based on cellulose ethers find application. IPCs based on cellulose ethers show great potential in drug delivery systems. These complexes can encapsulate drugs and enable controlled release, making them suitable for sustained drug delivery. They offer advantages in terms of precise dosage and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Coatings and adhesives also benefit from IPCs based on cellulose ethers. These complexes can form films with excellent mechanical strength and enhanced water resistance, providing durability and protection. They have applications in various industries where coatings and adhesives play a crucial role. In food packaging, IPCs based on cellulose ethers are highly relevant. These complexes can form films with effective barrier properties against oxygen and water vapor, making them ideal for packaging perishable foods. They help extend to shelf life of food products by minimizing moisture and oxygen transfer. Various methods, such as solvent casting, coacervation, and electrostatic complexation, are employed to synthesize IPCs based on cellulose ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Keldibekova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (R.K.)
| | - Symbat Suleimenova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (R.K.)
| | - Gulden Nurgozhina
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (R.K.)
| | - Eldar Kopishev
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (R.K.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bukhara State University, Bukhara 705018, Uzbekistan
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3
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Abebe MW, Kim H. Methylcellulose/tannic acid complex particles coated on alginate hydrogel scaffold via Pickering for removal of methylene blue from aqueous and quinoline from non-aqueous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131597. [PMID: 34293568 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adsorbents reported for liquid phase decontamination under both aqueous and non-aqueous media are all dispersed phase sorbents that further require a tedious separation step post adsorption. Herein, a monolith, highly porous, and mechanically robust scaffold was synthesized for the adsorption of pollutants from both aqueous and non-aqueous media with facile separation and regeneration. Methylcellulose-tannic acid complex particles were prepared and systematically decorated on the surface of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) scaffold via Pickering emulsion. Due to the surface coating of the particles, plausible amphiphilic adsorption of quinoline (QUI) and methylene blue (MB) was achieved from fuel and water, respectively. The hydroxyl (OH-) and carboxyl (COOH-) groups of tannic acid, alginate, and polyacrylic acid created hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, acid-base interaction, and π-π stacking. Maximum adsorption capacity of 791.17 mg/g MB and 460.92 mg/g QUI was recorded with facile separation, excellent adsorbent regeneration, and reusability. Although both followed the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model, a different mechanism was identified to govern the adsorption under aqueous and non-aqueous environment i.e. only the surface particles were active for QUI adsorption while the scaffold was also involved for MB adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhen W Abebe
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Environmental Waste Recycle Institute, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Hern Kim
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Environmental Waste Recycle Institute, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17058, Republic of Korea.
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Altam AA, Zhu L, Huang W, Huang H, Yang S. Polyelectrolyte complex beads of carboxymethylcellulose and chitosan: The controlled formation and improved properties. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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5
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Eugenol emulsions stabilized by a natural-derived nonionic palmitate surfactant/polyacrylic acid complex. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Preparation of millimeter-sized chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose hollow capsule and its dye adsorption properties. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 244:116481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Glagoleva AA, Larin DE, Vasilevskaya VV. Unusual Structures of Interpolyelectrolyte Complexes: Vesicles and Perforated Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E871. [PMID: 32290145 PMCID: PMC7240553 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
By means of computer simulation and analytical theory, we first demonstrated that the interpolyelectrolyte complexes in dilute solution can spontaneously form hollow spherical particles with thin continuous shells (vesicles) or with porous shells (perforated vesicles) if the polyions forming the complex differ in their affinity for the solvent. The solvent was considered good for the nonionic groups of one macroion and its quality was varied for the nonionic groups of the other macroion. It was found that if the electrostatic interactions are weak compared to the attraction induced by the hydrophobicity of the monomer units, the complex in poor solvent tends to form "dense core-loose shell" structures of different shapes. The strong electrostatic interactions favor the formation of the layered, the hollow, and the filled structured morphologies with the strongly segregated macroions. Vesicles with perforated walls were distinguished as the intermediate between the vesicular and the structured solid morphologies. The order parameter based on the spherical harmonics expansion was introduced to calculate the pore distribution in the perforated vesicles depending on the solvent quality. The conditions of the core-shell and hollow vesicular-like morphologies formation were determined theoretically via the calculations of their free energy. The results of the simulation and theoretical approaches are in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V. V. Vasilevskaya
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.A.G.); (D.E.L.)
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Liang H, Zhou B, Wu D, Li J, Li B. Supramolecular design and applications of polyphenol-based architecture: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 272:102019. [PMID: 31445352 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.102019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenol-based materials are of wide-spread interest because of the unique properties of the polyphenol itself. Tannic acid, contains high level of galloyl groups, could be coordinated to a range of metal ions to generate robust mental ion-TA films on substrate or even forming hollow capsules. These films or capsules can be used in the field of sensing, separation and catalysis, most importantly in drug/nutraceutical delivery, allowing for the high loading efficiency, high mechanical and thermal stability, pH-responsive disassembly and fluorescence behavior. Additionally, such coating could also provide protection of the sensitive molecules and cells. With the numerous carbonyl and phenolic functional groups, TA has also been demonstrated to form strong hydrogen bonded multilayers with various non-ionic polymers. The properties of the hydrogen-bonded system were highly influenced by the chemical structure of the polymers, which will change the behavior of pH-, temperature- or ionic strength-responsive release of the loading molecules. Additionally, the ionization of galloyl phenol group was attributed to the interaction between TA and other ionic polymers by electrostatic interaction. The electrostatic interaction/hydrogen bonding derived TA/polyme$$%r complexes could deposit on glass slides, microcores or even forming hollow capsules, promising in their applicability to nutraceutical encapsulation, delivery and depot. Notably, polyphenols self-polymerizing could also deposit coatings on different substrates without any exogenous additives, while the comprehensive undertanding about the self-polymerizing mechenism remains unclear. This review provides a promising prospect for utilizing polyphenol-based materials to design versatile architecture in different system, used in the field of chemistry and materials science.
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Wang S, Li G, Liu Z, Liu Z, Jiang J, Zhao Y. Controlled 3D Shape Transformation Activated by Room Temperature Stretching and Release of a Flat Polymer Sheet. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:30308-30316. [PMID: 31337207 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b10071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Shape transformation of polymeric materials, including hydrogels, liquid crystalline, and semicrystalline polymers, can be realized by exposing the shape-changing materials to the effect of a variety of stimuli such as temperature, light, pH, and magnetic and electric fields. Herein, we demonstrate a novel and different approach that allows a flat sheet or strip of a polymer to transform into a predesigned 3D shape or structure by simply stretching the polymer at room temperature and then releasing it from the external stress, that is, a 2D-to-3D shape change is activated by mechanical deformation under ambient conditions. This particular type of stimuli-controlled shape-changing polymers is based on suppressing plastic deformation in selected regions of the flat polymer sheet prior to stretching and release. We validated the design principle by using a polymer blend composed of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and tannic acid (TA) whose plastic deformation can be locally inhibited by surface treatment using an aqueous solution of copper sulfate pentahydrate (Cu2+ ink) that cross-links PAA chains through a Cu2+-carboxylate coordination and, consequently, increases the material's Young's modulus and yield strength. After room temperature stretching and release, elastic deformation in the Cu2+ ink-treated regions leads to 3D shape transformation that is controlled by the patterned surface treatment. This facile and effective "stretch-and-release" approach widens the scope of preparation and application for shape-changing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710062 , China
| | - Guo Li
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710062 , China
| | - Zhaotie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710062 , China
| | - Zhongwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710062 , China
| | - Jinqiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Syngas Conversion of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , Shaanxi Province 710062 , China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de chimie , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec J1K 2R1 , Canada
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10
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Fetin P, Zorin I, Mechtaeva E, Voeiko D, Zorina N, Gavrilova D, Bilibin A. Formation of the structure of interpolyelectrolyte complex in solid state: Role of comb-like amphiphilic polyelectrolyte. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Zhang X, Lin F, Yuan Q, Zhu L, Wang C, Yang S. Hydrogen-bonded thin films of cellulose ethers and poly(acrylic acid). Carbohydr Polym 2019; 215:58-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Kozlovskaya V, Chen J, Zavgorodnya O, Hasan MB, Kharlampieva E. Multilayer Hydrogel Capsules of Interpenetrated Network for Encapsulation of Small Molecules. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:11832-11842. [PMID: 30188139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a facile capsule-based platform for efficient encapsulation of a broad spectrum of hydrophilic compounds with molecular weight less than 1000 g mol-1. The encapsulated compounds extend from low-molecular-weight anionic Alexa Fluor 532 dye and cationic anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) to fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans with Mw ranging from 4000 to 40 000 g mol-1. The pH-sensitive hydrogel capsules with an interpenetrated network shell are synthesized by layer-by-layer assembly of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA, Mw = 150 000 g mol-1) and poly( N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPON, Mw = 1 300 000 g mol-1) on 5 μm silica microparticles followed by chemical cross-linking of the PMAA multilayers. Following core dissolution, the result is a hollow microcapsule with PVPON interpenetrated in the PMAA network. The capsules exhibit a reversible change in the diameter with a swelling ratio of 1.5 upon pH variation from 7.5 to 5.5. Capsules cross-linked for 4 h display high permeability toward molecules with molecular weight under 1000 g mol-1 at pH = 7.5 but exclude dextran molecules with Mw ≥ 40 000 g mol-1. Encapsulation of small molecules was achieved at pH = 7.5 followed by sealing the capsule wall with 40 000 g mol-1 dextran at pH = 5.5. This approach results in negatively charged molecules such as Alexa Fluor being entrapped within the capsule cavity, whereas positively charged molecules such as DOX are encapsulated within the negatively charged capsule shell. Considering the simple postloading approach, the ability to entrap both anionic and cationic small molecules, and the pH-responsiveness of the interpenetrated network in the physiologically relevant range, these capsules offer a versatile method for controlled delivery of multiple hydrophilic compounds.
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Kozlovskaya V, Liu F, Xue B, Ahmad F, Alford A, Saeed M, Kharlampieva E. Polyphenolic Polymersomes of Temperature-Sensitive Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-block-Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) for Anticancer Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2552-2563. [PMID: 28700211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a versatile synthesis for polyphenolic polymersomes of controlled submicron (<500 nm) size for intracellular delivery of high and low molecular weight compounds. The nanoparticles are synthesized by stabilizing the vesicular morphology of thermally responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)n-b-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)m (PVCLn-PVPONm) diblock copolymers with tannic acid (TA), a hydrolyzable polyphenol, via hydrogen bonding at a temperature above the copolymer's lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The PVCL179-PVPONm diblock copolymers are produced by controlled reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of PVPON using PVCL as a macro-chain transfer agent. The size of the TA-locked (PVCL179-PVPONm) polymersomes at room temperature and upon temperature variations are controlled by the PVPON chain length and TA:PVPON molar unit ratio. The particle diameter decreases from 1000 to 950, 770, and 250 nm with increasing PVPON chain length (m = 107, 166, 205, 234), and it further decreases to 710, 460, 290, and 190 nm, respectively, upon hydrogen bonding with TA at 50 °C. Lowering the solution temperature to 25 °C results in a slight size increase for vesicles with longer PVPON. We also show that TA-locked polymersomes can encapsulate and store the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and higher molecular weight fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran in a physiologically relevant pH and temperature range. Encapsulated DOX is released in the nuclei of human alveolar adenocarcinoma tumor cells after 6 h incubation via biodegradation of the TA shell with the cytotoxicity of DOX-loaded polymersomes being concentration-dependent. Our approach offers biocompatible and intracellular degradable nanovesicles of controllable size for delivery of a variety of encapsulated materials. Considering the particle monodispersity, high loading capacity, and a facile two-step aqueous assembly based on the reversible temperature-responsiveness of PVCL, these polymeric vesicles have significant potential as novel drug nanocarriers and provide a new perspective for fundamental studies on thermo-triggered polymer assemblies in solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Bing Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Fahim Ahmad
- Department of Infectious Disease, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research , Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
| | - Aaron Alford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Department of Infectious Disease, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research , Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States.,Center for Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
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Hu Z, Marway HS, Kasem H, Pelton R, Cranston ED. Dried and Redispersible Cellulose Nanocrystal Pickering Emulsions. ACS Macro Lett 2016; 5:185-189. [PMID: 35614697 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of tannic acid (TA) and water-soluble cellulose derivatives on the properties of Pickering emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was investigated. The potential to both fully dry CNC-stabilized emulsions and to redisperse the dried emulsions in water is demonstrated. When CNCs are mixed with excess adsorbing polymer, either methyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose, followed by emulsification with corn oil, oil-in-water emulsions can be transformed without oil leakage into solid dry emulsions via freeze-drying. However, these dry emulsions exhibit droplet coalescence within the solid matrix and thus cannot be redispersed. Addition of TA (after emulsification) imparts dispersibility to the dried emulsions due to complexation between the cellulose derivatives and TA which condenses the "shell" around the oil droplets. When dried emulsions with TA are placed in water, the emulsion droplets redisperse readily without the need for high energy mixing, and minimal change in emulsion droplet size is observed by Mastersizer and confocal microscopy. Therefore, the simple addition of two sustainable components to CNC Pickering emulsions (i.e., TA and methyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose) has led to the first dried and redispersible CNC-based emulsions with oil content as high as 94 wt %. These processing abilities will likely extend the use of these surfactant-free, "green", and potentially edible emulsions to new food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Heera S. Marway
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Hesham Kasem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Robert Pelton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Emily D. Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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15
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Lomova MV, Brichkina AI, Kiryukhin MV, Vasina EN, Pavlov AM, Gorin DA, Sukhorukov GB, Antipina MN. Multilayer Capsules of Bovine Serum Albumin and Tannic Acid for Controlled Release by Enzymatic Degradation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11732-40. [PMID: 25985934 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b03263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
With the purpose to replace expensive and significantly cytotoxic positively charged polypeptides in biodegradable capsules formed via Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly, multilayers of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and tannic acid (TA) are obtained and employed for encapsulation and release of model drugs with different solubility in water: hydrophilic-tetramethylrhodamine-isothiocyanate-labeled BSA (TRITC-BSA) and hydrophobic 3,4,9,10-tetra-(hectoxy-carbonyl)-perylene (THCP). Hydrogen bonding is proposed to be predominant within thus formed BSA/TA films. The TRITC-BSA-loaded capsules comprising 6 bilayers of the protein and polyphenol are benchmarked against the shells composed of dextran sulfate (DS) and poly-l-arginine (PARG) on degradability by two proteolytic enzymes with different cleavage site specificity (i.e., α-chymotrypsin and trypsin) and toxicity for murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Capsules of both types possess low cytotoxicity taken at concentrations equal or below 50 capsules per cell, and evident susceptibility to α-chymotrypsin resulted in release of TRITC-BSA. While the BSA/TA-based capsules clearly display resistance to treatment with trypsin, the assemblies of DS/PARG extensively degrade. Successful encapsulation of THCP in the TRITC-BSA/TA/BSA multilayer is confirmed, and the release of the model drug is observed in response to treatment with α-chymotrypsin. The thickness, surface morphology, and enzyme-catalyzed degradation process of the BSA/TA-based films are investigated on a planar multilayer comprising 40 bilayers of the protein and polyphenol deposited on a silicon wafer. The developed BSA/TA-based capsules with a protease-specific degradation mechanism are proposed to find applications in personal care, pharmacology, and the development of drug delivery systems including those intravenous injectable and having site-specific release capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Lomova
- †Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya Street, Saratov, 410012, Russia
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
- §School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Anna I Brichkina
- ∥Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Maxim V Kiryukhin
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - Elena N Vasina
- ∥Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Anton M Pavlov
- †Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya Street, Saratov, 410012, Russia
- §School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- †Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya Street, Saratov, 410012, Russia
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- §School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Maria N Antipina
- ‡Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
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Wang Q, Schlenoff JB. Single- and multicompartment hollow polyelectrolyte complex microcapsules by one-step spraying. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:2077-2082. [PMID: 25678065 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201405376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complex microcapsules are prepared using a novel template- and surfactant-free method. The microcapsules are produced spontaneously by ultrasonically spraying a solution of complex into a hot water reservoir, which enhances diffusion and relaxation of the polymer. The size and wall thickness of the microcapsules are precisely controlled. Encapsulation of polymers and nanoparticles by mixing them with polyelectrolyte solutions is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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17
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Liu F, Kozlovskaya V, Zavgorodnya O, Martinez-Lopez C, Catledge S, Kharlampieva E. Encapsulation of anticancer drug by hydrogen-bonded multilayers of tannic acid. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9237-47. [PMID: 25284271 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01813c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tannic acid (TA)-based multilayer assemblies have attracted increasing interest for biomedical applications. Here we explore properties of TA-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (TA-PVPON) hydrogen-bonded multilayers for drug encapsulation and long-term storage. We demonstrate that the small molecular weight anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), can be successfully loaded into (TA-PVPON) capsules with high encapsulation efficiency. We have also found that the encapsulated DOX can be efficiently stored inside the capsules for the pH range from pH = 7.4 to pH = 5. We show that the chemical and functional stability of TA at neutral and basic pH values is achieved through complexation with PVPON. The UV-vis spectrophotometry and in situ ellipsometry analyses of the hydrogen bonding interactions between TA and PVPON at different pH values reveal pH-dependent behavior of TA-PVPON capsules for the pH range from pH = 7.4 to pH = 5. Increasing deposition pH value from pH = 5 to pH = 7.4 leads to a 2-fold decrease in capsule thickness. However, this trend is reversed when salt concentration of the deposition solutions is increased from 0.01 M to 0.1 M NaCl. We have also demonstrated that the permeability of (TA-PVPON) capsules prepared using low salt deposition conditions and pH = 7.4 can be increased 2-fold by exposure of the capsules to 0.1 M NaCl salt solutions at the same pH. Our work opens new perspectives for design of novel polymer carriers for controlled drug delivery in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th St South, CHEM294, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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18
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Sundaramurthy A, Vergaelen M, Maji S, Auzély-Velty R, Zhang Z, De Geest BG, Hoogenboom R. Hydrogen bonded multilayer films based on poly(2-oxazoline)s and tannic acid. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:2040-7. [PMID: 25274164 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly based on hydrogen bonding interactions is gaining popularity for the preparation of thin film coatings, especially for biomedical purposes, based on the use of neutral, non-toxic building blocks. The use of tannic acid (TA) as hydrogen bonding donor is especially interesting as it results in LbL films that are stable under physiological conditions. In this work, investigations on the LbL thin film preparation of TA with poly(2-oxazoline)s with varying hydrophilicity, namely poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMeOx), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) and poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazoline) (PnPropOx), are reported. The LbL assembly process is investigated by quartz crystal microbalance and UV-vis spectroscopy revealing linear growth of the film thickness. Furthermore, isothermal titration calorimetry demonstrates the LbL assembly of TA, and PMeOx is found to be mostly enthalpy driven while the LbL assembly of TA with PEtOx and PnPropOx is mostly entropy driven. Finally, scanning electron microscopy and ellipsometry demonstrate the formation of smooth thin films for LbL assembly of TA with all three polymers. Such poly(2-oxazoline) coatings have high potential for use as anti-biofouling coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 B-9000 Ghent Belgium
- SRM Research Institute; SRM University; Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Maarten Vergaelen
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Samarendra Maji
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 B-9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Zhiyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Ghent University; Harelbekestraat 72 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Bruno G. De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Ghent University; Harelbekestraat 72 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 S4 B-9000 Ghent Belgium
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19
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Bizley SC, Williams AC, Khutoryanskiy VV. Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of interpolymer complexes assessed by isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:8254-8260. [PMID: 25186562 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01138d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Interpolymer complexes (IPCs) formed between complimentary polymers in solution have shown a wide range of applications from drug delivery to biosensors. This work describes the combined use of isothermal titration calorimetry and surface plasmon resonance to investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic processes during hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexation. Varied polymers that are commonly used in layer-by-layer coatings and pharmaceutical preparations were selected to span a range of chemical functionalities including some known IPCs previously characterized by other techniques, and other polymer combinations with unknown outcomes. This work is the first to comprehensively detail the thermodynamic and kinetic data of hydrogen bonded IPCs, aiding understanding and detailed characterization of the complexes. The applicability of the two techniques in determining thermodynamic, gravimetric and kinetic properties of IPCs is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C Bizley
- Reading School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 224, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AD, UK.
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Pharmacological aspects of release from microcapsules - from polymeric multilayers to lipid membranes. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2014; 18:129-40. [PMID: 25450067 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2014.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review is devoted to pharmacological applications of principles of release from capsules to overcome the membrane barrier. Many of these principles were developed in the context of polymeric multilayer capsule membrane modulation, but they are also pertinent to liposomes, polymersomes, capsosomes, particles, emulsion-based carriers and other carriers. We look at these methods from the physical, chemical or biological driving mechanisms point of view. In addition to applicability for carriers in drug delivery, these release methods are significant for another area directly related to pharmacology - modulation of the permeability of the membranes and thus promoting the action of drugs. Emerging technologies, including ionic current monitoring through a lipid membrane on a nanopore, are also highlighted.
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