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Maulana S, Wibowo ES, Mardawati E, Iswanto AH, Papadopoulos A, Lubis MAR. Eco-Friendly and High-Performance Bio-Polyurethane Adhesives from Vegetable Oils: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1613. [PMID: 38891559 PMCID: PMC11174640 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Current petrochemical-based adhesives adversely affect the environment through substantial volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions during production, contributing to air pollution and climate change. In contrast, vegetable oils extracted from bio-resources provide a compelling alternative owing to their renewability, abundance, and compatibility with adhesive formulation chemistry. This review aimed to critically examine and synthesize the existing scholarly literature on environmentally friendly, sustainable, and high-performance polyurethane adhesives (PUAs) developed from vegetable oils. The use of PUAs derived from vegetable oils promises to provide a long-term replacement while simultaneously maintaining or improving adhesive properties. This quality renders these adhesives appropriate for widespread use in various sectors, including construction, automotive manufacturing, packaging, textile, and footwear industries. This review intended to perform a comprehensive assessment and integration of the existing research, thereby identifying the raw materials, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in knowledge concerning vegetable oil-based PUAs. In doing so, it responded to these gaps and proposes potential avenues for future research. Therefore, this review accomplishes more than merely evaluating the existing research; it fosters the advancement of greener PUA technologies by identifying areas for improvement and innovation towards more sustainable industrial practices by showcasing vegetable oil-based PUAs as viable, high-performance alternatives to their petroleum-based counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Maulana
- Department of Forestry Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA), Bandar Lampung 35365, Indonesia;
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia;
| | - Eko Setio Wibowo
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia;
| | - Efri Mardawati
- Department of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia;
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia
| | - Apri Heri Iswanto
- Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20355, Indonesia;
| | - Antonios Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Wood Chemistry and Technology, Department of Forestry and Natural Environment, Democritus University of Thrace, GR-66100 Drama, Greece
| | - Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis
- Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, Indonesia;
- Research Collaboration Center for Biomass and Biorefinery between BRIN and Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40600, Indonesia
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Grancharov G, Atanasova MD, Kalinova R, Tuleshkov P, Petrov PD, Marinova MK, Ravutsov MA, Simeonov SP. Biorenewable Oxypropylated Pentane-1,2,5-triol as a Source for Incorporation in Rigid Polyurethane Foams. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4148. [PMID: 37896392 PMCID: PMC10611047 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, as a product from the efficient Achmatowicz rearrangement and mild subsequent hydrogenation-reduction reactions of biorenewable C5 alcohols derived from lignocellulose, pentane-1,2,5-triol was successfully used after oxypropylation in the preparation of rigid polyurethane foams-one of the most important classes of polymeric materials. Despite the broad range of applications, the production of polyurethanes is still highly dependent on petrochemical materials considering the need of renewable raw materials and new process technologies for the production of polyol or isocyanate components as a key point for the sustainable development of polyurethane foams. The synthesized oxypropylated pentane-1,2,5-triol was analyzed using proton NMR spectroscopy, hydroxyl number, and viscosity, whereas the newly obtained foams incorporated with up to 30% biorenewable polyol were characterized using compressive stress, thermogravimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The modified rigid polyurethanes showed better compressive strength (>400.0 kPa), a comparable thermal degradation range at 325-450 °C, and similar morphological properties to those of commercial polyurethane formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy Grancharov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.-D.A.); (R.K.); (P.T.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Mariya-Desislava Atanasova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.-D.A.); (R.K.); (P.T.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Radostina Kalinova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.-D.A.); (R.K.); (P.T.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Pencho Tuleshkov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.-D.A.); (R.K.); (P.T.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Petar D. Petrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.-D.A.); (R.K.); (P.T.); (P.D.P.)
| | - Maya K. Marinova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.M.); (M.A.R.); (S.P.S.)
| | - Martin A. Ravutsov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.M.); (M.A.R.); (S.P.S.)
| | - Svilen P. Simeonov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.K.M.); (M.A.R.); (S.P.S.)
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Kosmela P, Kazimierski P. Comparison of the Efficiency of Hetero- and Homogeneous Catalysts in Cellulose Liquefaction. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6135. [PMID: 37763417 PMCID: PMC10532583 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Biomass liquefaction is a well-known and extensively described process. Hydrothermal processes are well understood and can be used in the fuel industry. The use of organic solvents can result in full-fledged products for use in the synthesis of polyurethanes. The plastics industry, including polyurethanes, is targeting new, more environmentally friendly solutions. One of these is the replacement of petrochemical polyols with compounds obtained from renewable sources. It is common in biomass liquefaction to use sulfuric acid (VI) as a catalyst. The purpose of the present study was to test the effectiveness of a heterogeneous catalyst such as Nafion ion-exchange resin on the cellulose liquefaction process. The results obtained were compared with the bio-polyols obtained in a conventional way, using a homogeneous catalyst (sulfuric acid (VI)). Depending on the catalyst used and the temperature of the process, bio-polyols characterized, among other things, by a hydroxyl number in the range of 740-400 mgKOH/g were obtained. The research provides new information on the possibility of using heterogeneous catalysts in cellulose liquefaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kosmela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Paweł Kazimierski
- Institute of Fluid Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera Str. 14, 80-231 Gdansk, Poland
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Prociak A, Kucała M, Kurańska M, Barczewski M. Effect of Selected Bio-Components on the Cell Structure and Properties of Rigid Polyurethane Foams. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3660. [PMID: 37765513 PMCID: PMC10534957 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New rigid polyurethane foams (RPURFs) modified with two types of bio-polyols based on rapeseed oil were elaborated and characterized. The effect of the bio-polyols with different functionality, synthesized by the epoxidation and oxirane ring-opening method, on the cell structure and selected properties of modified foams was evaluated. As oxirane ring-opening agents, 1-hexanol and 1.6-hexanediol were used to obtain bio-polyols with different functionality and hydroxyl numbers. Bio-polyols in different ratios were used to modify the polyurethane (PUR) composition, replacing 40 wt.% petrochemical polyol. The mass ratio of the used bio-polyols (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3, 0:1) affected the course of the foaming process of the PUR composition as well as the cellular structure and the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained foams. In general, the modification of the reference PUR system with the applied bio-polyols improved the cellular structure of the foam, reducing the size of the cells. Replacing the petrochemical polyol with the bio-polyols did not cause major differences in the apparent density (40-43 kg/m3), closed-cell content (87-89%), thermal conductivity (25-26 mW⋅(m⋅K)-1), brittleness (4.7-7.5%), or dimensional stability (<0.7%) of RPURFs. The compressive strength at 10% deformation was in the range of 190-260 and 120-190 kPa, respectively, for directions parallel and perpendicular to the direction of foam growth. DMA analysis confirmed that an increase in the bio-polyol of low functionality in the bio-polyol mixture reduced the compressive strength of the modified foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Prociak
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Kucała
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Maria Kurańska
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Barczewski
- Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznan, Poland
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Synthesis of Bio-Based Polyester from Microbial Lipidic Residue Intended for Biomedical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054419. [PMID: 36901850 PMCID: PMC10003017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, selectively tuned bio-based polyesters have been increasingly used for their clinical potential in several biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery. With a biomedical application in mind, a flexible polyester was produced by melt polycondensation using the microbial oil residue collected after the distillation of β-farnesene (FDR) produced industrially by genetically modified yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After characterization, the polyester exhibited elongation up to 150% and presented Tg of -51.2 °C and Tm of 169.8 °C. In vitro degradation revealed a mass loss of about 87% after storage in PBS solution for 11 weeks under accelerated conditions (40 °C, RH = 75%). The water contact angle revealed a hydrophilic character, and biocompatibility with skin cells was demonstrated. 3D and 2D scaffolds were produced by salt-leaching, and a controlled release study at 30 °C was performed with Rhodamine B base (RBB, 3D) and curcumin (CRC, 2D), showing a diffusion-controlled mechanism with about 29.3% of RBB released after 48 h and 50.4% of CRC after 7 h. This polymer offers a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for the potential use of the controlled release of active principles for wound dressing applications.
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Cruz JA, Amico SC, Bianchi O. Effect of the aramid pulp on the physicochemical, viscoelastic properties and rheokinetics of polyurethanes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03393-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Properties of Luffa Cylindrica Mats Reinforced Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Composite as an Alternative for Oriented Strand Board. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245533. [PMID: 36559899 PMCID: PMC9785248 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this work was to produce and characterize a novel ecofriendly castor oil-based polyurethane (COPU) matrix composite reinforced by Luffa cylindrica mats, luffa for short, to be used as panels, as an alternative to oriented strand board (OSB). To do so, the mechanical behavior was evaluated by tree point flexural, perpendicular o surface tensile, screw pullout, and impact tests that were carried on the novel composite along with the neat matrix. Furthermore, the physical characteristics, the thermomechanical behavior, and the functional groups of the materials were observed by water absorption and thickness swelling tests along with dilatometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A comparison with commercialized OSB was also performed for control. The luffa/COPU composite was prepared by hand lay-up with 48 vol% of luffa mats incorporated as the maximum allowed by the mold under the available resources for manufacturing. The luffa fibers acted as a good reinforcement for the COPU matrix, where the flexural strength and modulus of elasticity were increased by more than 23 and 10 times, respectively, and the other mechanical properties more than doubled for the composites compared to the neat COPU resin. In general, the composite presented a lower performance compared to the commercial OSB, with the impact results being the exception. The water absorption and thickness swallowing results showed an already-expected behavior for the studied materials, where the better performance was found for the hydrophobic neat resin. The FTIR revealed that there was little interaction between luffa and COPU resin, which can be translated to a weak interface between these materials. However, the mechanical behavior, together with the other results presented by the luffa/COPU composite, confirm it is more than enough to be used as civil construction panels such as OSB.
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Soil Burial Degradation of Biobased Polyurethanes. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224948. [PMID: 36433074 PMCID: PMC9698155 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for developing degradable polymeric systems based on bio-derived and sustainable materials. In recent years, polyurethanes derived from castor oil have emerged due to the large availability and sustainable characteristics of castor oil. However, these polymers are normally prepared through tedious and/or energy-intensive procedures or using high volatile and/or toxic reagents such as volatile isocyanates or epoxides. Furthermore, poor investigation has been carried out to design castor oil derived polyurethanes with degradable characteristics or thorough specifically sustainable synthetic procedures. Herein, castor oil-derived polyurethane with more than 90% biomass-derived carbon content and enhanced degradable features was prepared through a simple, eco-friendly (E-factor: 0.2), and scalable procedure, employing a recently developed commercially available biomass-derived (61% bio-based carbon content) low-volatile polymeric isocyanate. The novel material was compared with a castor oil derived-polyurethane prepared with a commercially available fossil-based isocyanate counterpart. The different castor oil-derived polyurethanes were investigated by means of water uptake, soil burial degradation, and disintegration tests in compost. Characterization analyses, including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were carried out both prior to and after degradation tests. The results suggest potential applications of the degradable castor oil-derived polyurethane in different fields, such as mulch films for agricultural purposes.
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Effect of the biobased polyols chemical structure on high performance thermoset polyurethane properties. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Development of a Novel Biobased Polyurethane Resin System for Structural Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14214553. [DOI: 10.3390/polym14214553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethanes are gaining increasing interest for their use as structural components subjected to cyclic loads, such as leaf springs. Thermoset polyurethane (PUR) based technology offers some advantages, such as fatigue resistance, low viscosity, and fast curing. However, current PUR formulations present two major drawbacks: their petrochemical origin and high reactivity. The aim of this work was to develop a novel biobased PUR (BIO-PUR) with the required mechanical properties and processability for manufacturing structural composites by resin transfer moulding (RTM). For this purpose, a high functionality and high hydroxyl index castor-oil-based polyol was used combined with a biobased glycerol (BIO-Gly) to increase the crosslinking density and improve the final properties of the BIO-PUR. The viscosity and reactivity of the different systems were studied by means of rheology tests and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal and mechanical properties were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and flexural tests. Furthermore, the RTM process of a representative part was simulated and validated through the manufacturing and testing of plates. The properties of the BIO-PUR resin systems were strongly influenced by the addition of biobased glycerol and its effect on the crosslinking density. The combination of a high functionality and hydroxyl index biobased polyol with the biobased glycerol resulted in a high-performance BIO-PUR with the required reactivity and final properties for structural applications.
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Than KT, Yu LJ, Chen RS, Tarawneh MA, Lai NYG. Density, water, and swelling characteristics of cellular palm kernel oil bio‐polyol modified polyurethane toward more sustainable growing media application. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kok Tiong Than
- Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment UCSI University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Lih Jiun Yu
- Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment UCSI University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- UCSI‐Cheras Low Carbon Innovation Hub Research Consortium Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Ruey Shan Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia
| | - Mou'ad A. Tarawneh
- Department of Physics, College of Science Al‐Hussein Bin Talal University Ma'an Jordan
| | - Nai Yeen Gavin Lai
- Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo China
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Aydoğmuş E, Kamişli F. New commercial polyurethane synthesized with biopolyol obtained from canola oil: Optimization, characterization, and thermophysical properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Novel Sustainable Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Biocomposites Reinforced with Piassava Fiber Powder Waste for High-Performance Coating Floor. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The search for new greener materials that contribute to a more sustainable world motivated the present study in which novel biocomposites with 10, 20 and 30 vol% of piassava fiber powder waste reinforcing castor oil-based polyurethane (COPU) intended for a high-performance coated floor (HPCF) were developed. The novel biocomposites were characterized by flexural, Izod impact and wear standard tests as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and fracture analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both flexural modulus and strength displayed marked increases reaching more than 800 and 500%, respectively, compared to plain COPU for 30 vol% piassava powder incorporation. FTIR bands indicated the existence of interaction between the piassava constituents and COPU. However, SEM fractographs disclosed the presence of bubbles attributed to retained gases during the COPU curing. Consequently, the Izod impact resistance showed a 50% decrease while the wear was more than three times accentuated for 30 vol% piassava powder biocomposite. These results met the specified values of corresponding standards and revealed a promising new greener material for HPCFs.
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Cortés N, Echeverri DA, Gomez JF, Rios LA. Synthesis of a new bifunctional molecule based on castor oil and
CO
2
useful for polyurethanes. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cortés
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Medellín Colombia
| | - David A. Echeverri
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Medellín Colombia
| | - Jhonny F. Gomez
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Medellín Colombia
| | - Luis A. Rios
- Grupo Procesos Químicos Industriales Universidad de Antioquia UdeA Medellín Colombia
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Omrani I. High performance biobased pour-in-place rigid polyurethane foams from facile prepared castor oil-based polyol: Good compatibility with pentane series blowing agent. J CELL PLAST 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x211062632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, biobased and environmentally friendly rigid polyurethane foams (RPUF) from high hydroxyl value castor oil-based polyols have been prepared without the addition of petroleum-based polyols in the formulation. The new Biopolyol with high hydroxyl value was designed on the basis of the analysis of functionality, structure and hydroxyl value relation and synthesized directly from castor oil in a facile one-pot three-step system. A series of Biopolyols with hydroxyl values in the range of 550–650 mg KOH/g were obtained through transesterification, epoxidation, and hydrolysis. The Biopolyol chemical structure was characterized using FT-IR,1H NMR spectroscopies. The formulated blend polyol with amine catalysts and cyclopentane as a blowing agent have good cyclopentane solubility and phase separation between cyclopentane and polyol was not observed after 30 days. The foaming characteristics were evaluated and improved results were obtained. The thermal conductivity, thermal stability, compressive strength, morphology, dimensional stability, density, and foam flow of the RPUFs were characterized. The results are compared with RPUF prepared using standard commercial polyether polyols for pour-in-place RPUFs. The prepared biobased RPUFs from Biopolyol was able to reach the required satisfactory properties for the appliance industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Omrani
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Recent Developments in Lignin- and Tannin-Based Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Resins for Wood Adhesives—A Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11094242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This review article aims to summarize the potential of using renewable natural resources, such as lignin and tannin, in the preparation of NIPUs for wood adhesives. Polyurethanes (PUs) are extremely versatile polymeric materials, which have been widely used in numerous applications, e.g., packaging, footwear, construction, the automotive industry, the lighting industry, insulation panels, bedding, furniture, metallurgy, sealants, coatings, foams, and wood adhesives. The isocyanate-based PUs exhibit strong adhesion properties, excellent flexibility, and durability, but they lack renewability. Therefore, this study focused on the development of non-isocyanate polyurethane lignin and tannin resins for wood adhesives. PUs are commercially synthesized using polyols and polyisocyanates. Isocyanates are toxic, costly, and not renewable; thus, a search of suitable alternatives in the synthesis of polyurethane resins is needed. The reaction with diamine compounds could result in NIPUs based on lignin and tannin. The research on bio-based components for PU synthesis confirmed that they have good characteristics as an alternative for the petroleum-based adhesives. The advantages of improved strength, low curing temperatures, shorter pressing times, and isocyanate-free properties were demonstrated by lignin- and tannin-based NIPUs. The elimination of isocyanate, associated with environmental and human health hazards, NIPU synthesis, and its properties and applications, including wood adhesives, are reported comprehensively in this paper. The future perspectives of NIPUs’ production and application were also outlined.
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Triwulandari E, Ghozali M, Restu WK. Influence of different structures of palm oil-based polyol on the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid resin from polyurethane-/polysiloxane-modified epoxy. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
Polyurethanes (PUs) are unique polymers that can be tailored to suit certain applications and are increasingly used in many industrial fields. Petrochemicals are still used as the main compound to synthesize PUs. Today, environmental concerns arise in the research and technology innovations in developing PUs, especially from vegetable polyols which are having an upsurge. These are driven by the uncertainty and fluctuations of petroleum crude oil price and availability. Jatropha has become a promising substituent to palm oil so as to reduce the competition of food and nonfood in utilizing this natural resource. Apart from that, jatropha will solve the problem related to the European banning of palm oil. Herein, we review the literature on the synthesis of PUs using different vegetable oils and compare it with jatropha oil and its nanocomposites reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals. Given the potential of vegetable oil PUs in many industrial applications, we expect that they will increase commercial interest and scientific research to bring these materials to the market soon.
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Talukdar MIA, Ahamad I, Iqbal S, Malik MA, Dar OA, Khursheed Akram M, Fatma T, Hashmi AA. Fabrication of metal incorporated polymer composite: An excellent antibacterial agent. J Mol Struct 2021; 1225:129091. [PMID: 32834117 PMCID: PMC7428313 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allowed for direct addition of castor oil for human consumption as food and most recently FDA approved castor oil as over-the-counter (OTC) for laxative drug. The present article highlights the green route phosphorylation of castor oil (COL) via condensation polymerization. Further, the incorporation of metal ions Cu (II)) and Zn (II) into the polymer matrix have been carried out at elevated temperature using catalyst p-toluene sulphonic acid (PTSA). The modification of the said material has been confirmed by FT-IR, UV-VIS, and 1H and 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Further, the in vitro antibacterial activities of the metal incorporated-COL has been performed by standard methods against B. cereus (MCC2243) (gram-positive) and E. coli (MCC2412) (gram-negative) bacteria. The results revealed that the incorporation of metal ions into the polymer matrix increases the antibacterial activity largely. This may be governed by the electrostatic interaction between metal ions and microbes, also the generation of free active oxygen hinders the normal activity of bacteria. These results suggest that the synthesized material may act a potential candidate for low cost, environment friendly antibacterial agents and may find their application in clinical fields. Herein we are also proposing mechanism of antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ikbal Ahmed Talukdar
- Bioinorganic Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Irshad Ahamad
- Cynobacterial Biotechnology Lab, Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Sajid Iqbal
- Materials Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Malik
- Bioinorganic Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Ovas Ahmad Dar
- Bioinorganic Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | | | - Tasneem Fatma
- Cynobacterial Biotechnology Lab, Department of Bioscience, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Athar Adil Hashmi
- Bioinorganic Research Lab, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110025, India
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20
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Marson A, Masiero M, Modesti M, Scipioni A, Manzardo A. Life Cycle Assessment of Polyurethane Foams from Polyols Obtained through Chemical Recycling. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1718-1724. [PMID: 33490830 PMCID: PMC7818590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the results of the life cycle assessment of polyurethane (PUR) foams with different recycled polyol contents are presented. A methodological framework implementing laboratory activities directly into the life cycle assessment has been developed. Laboratory activities made the primary data related to the recycled polyol production available through the glycolysis of polyurethane scraps and the subsequent production and characterization of the foams. Five different formulations were analyzed with glycolyzed polyol content ranging from 0 to 100%. A comprehensive set of impact categories was considered. To ensure the robustness of the results, the influence of two different end-of-life allocation approaches was investigated, and the model was subjected to sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Formulations with recycled content of 50 and 75% scored better environmental impacts compared to others. The main contributions to the overall impact resulted to be related to the production of isocyanate and virgin polyol. Physical characteristics such as density and thermal conductivity emerged as the main variables to be considered to minimize the overall environmental impacts of PUR foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marson
- CESQA
(Quality and Environmental Research Centre), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Masiero
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Modesti
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Scipioni
- CESQA
(Quality and Environmental Research Centre), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Manzardo
- CESQA
(Quality and Environmental Research Centre), Department of Industrial
Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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21
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Zhang G, Lin X, Zhang Q, Jiang K, Chen W, Han D. Anti-flammability, mechanical and thermal properties of bio-based rigid polyurethane foams with the addition of flame retardants. RSC Adv 2020; 10:32156-32161. [PMID: 35518161 PMCID: PMC9056552 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06561g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adding efficient and environmentally friendly flame retardants to polyurethane foams is the preferable way to improve their flame resistance ability. In this work, bio-based rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were prepared with the addition of dicyclohexyl aluminium hypophosphate (DAH) or aluminium diethyl phosphinate (ADP) as the flame retardant. The mechanical properties, thermal degradation and flammability behavior of the obtained RPUFs were evaluated by means of compressive strength tests, thermogravimetry analysis, vertical burning test and scanning electron microscopes. The characterization results indicate that, with the same content of flame retardant, the compressive strength at the deformation of 10% for each RPUF prepared with the addition of DAH is higher than that of the foams with ADP addition, which fully meets the specifications for building insulation materials. Moreover, the average flame height of each RPUF with the addition of flame retardants is less than 250 mm, whereas the average burning time of RPUF with 15 wt% addition of DAH is only 4.4 s, far less than that (12.5 s) of the foam with the same addition amount of ADP. The RPUFs with DAH addition have the potential advantages for thermal insulation applications in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Kaisen Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Weisheng Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
| | - Dezhi Han
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China
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22
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Rahman MM. Polyurethane/Zinc Oxide (PU/ZnO) Composite-Synthesis, Protective Propertyand Application. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071535. [PMID: 32664589 PMCID: PMC7407999 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A polyurethane (PU) is a multifunctional polymer prepared by using more than two types of monomers. The unique properties of PU come from monomers, thus broadening the applicability of PU in many different sectors. The properties can be further improved by using many nanoparticles. Different metal oxides as nanoparticles are also widely used in PU materials. ZnO is a widely used inorganic metal oxide nanoparticle for improving polymer properties. In this review article, the techniques to prepare a PU/ZnO composite are reviewed; the key protective properties, such as adhesive strength and self-healing, and applications of PU/ZnO composites are also highlighted. This review also highlights the PU/ZnO composite's current challenges and future prospects, which will help to broaden the composite practical application by preparing environmentally friendly composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mizanur Rahman
- Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Luo X, Gao F, Chen F, Cheng Q, Zhao J, Wei X, Lin C, Zhong J, Shen L. Organic-inorganic hybrid coating materials derived from renewable soybean oil and amino silanes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15881-15887. [PMID: 35493674 PMCID: PMC9052391 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01279c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel organic–inorganic hybrid coating materials were developed using amino silanes and acetoacetylated soybean oil. The acetoacetylated soybean oil was prepared from soybean oil (a renewable resource) using a solvent-free method involving a thiol–ene and transesterification reactions, and the chemical structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and viscosity analyses. On the basis of the acetoacetylated soybean oil, several organic–inorganic hybrid coating materials were prepared using different amino silanes by a catalyst-free method involving one-step comprising two reactions (an amine–acetoacetate reaction and an in situ sol–gel technique), and their crosslinked structures were determined from their FT-IR and solid-state 29Si NMR spectra. The resulting coating materials have good mechanical/chemical performance. This method for preparing renewable organic–inorganic hybrid coating materials may have wide uses because plant oils contain many unsaturated C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C bonds and easy access to acetoacetate functional groups. A novel coating material was synthesized in one-step comprising two reactions (an amine–acetoacetate reaction and an in situ sol–gel technique).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Luo
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Fengbiao Chen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Jinze Zhao
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Cong Lin
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi P. R. China
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24
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Contreras J, Valdés O, Mirabal-Gallardo Y, de la Torre AF, Navarrete J, Lisperguer J, Durán-Lara EF, Santos LS, Nachtigall FM, Cabrera-Barjas G, Abril D. Development of eco-friendly polyurethane foams based on Lesquerella fendleri (A. Grey) oil-based polyol. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Various Isocyanate Indices Based on Polyols from Rapeseed Oil and Waste PET. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040738. [PMID: 32224860 PMCID: PMC7240454 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing polyols derived from natural sources and recycling materials attracts great interest for use in replacing petroleum-based polyols in polyurethane production. In this study, rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams with various isocyanate indices were obtained from polyols based on rapeseed oil and polyethylene terephthalate (RO/PET). The various properties of the prepared PUR foams were investigated, and the effect of the isocyanate index was evaluated. The closed-cell content and water absorption were not impacted by the change of the isocyanate index. The most significant effect of increasing the isocyanate index was on the dimensional stability of the resulting foams. This is due to the increased crosslink density, as evidenced by the increased formation of isocyanurate and increase of the glass transition temperature. Additionally, the influence on compression strength, modulus, and long-term thermal conductivity were evaluated and compared with reference PUR foams from commercially available polyols. Rigid PUR foams from RO/PET polyol were found to be competitive with reference materials and could be used as thermal insulation material.
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26
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Członka S, Strąkowska A, Strzelec K, Kairytė A, Kremensas A. Bio-Based Polyurethane Composite Foams with Improved Mechanical, Thermal, and Antibacterial Properties. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051108. [PMID: 32131392 PMCID: PMC7084974 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Among different organic fillers, the chemical composition of Syzygium aromaticum, commonly known as cloves, has great potential as a sustainable reinforcement for polymeric materials. In the study, grounded cloves were used as cellulosic filler for a novel polyurethane (PU) composite foams. Soybean oil-based PU composite foams were successfully reinforced with different concentrations (1, 2, and 5 wt%) of clove filler. PU foams were examined by rheological behavior, processing parameters, cellular structure (scanning electron microscopy analysis), mechanical properties (compression test, impact test, three-point bending test), thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis), viscoelastic behavior (dynamic mechanical analysis) as well as selected application properties (apparent density, dimensional stability, surface hydrophobicity, water absorption, color characteristic). In order to undertake the disc diffusion method, all PU composites were tested against selected bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the addition of 1 and 2 wt% of clove filler leads to PU composite foams with improved compression strength (improvement by ≈18% for sample PU-1), greater flexural strength (increase of ≈11%), and improved impact strength (increase of ≈8%). Moreover, it has been proved that clove filler may be used as a natural anti-aging compound for polymeric materials. Based on the antibacterial results, it has been shown that the addition of clove filler significantly improved the antibacterial properties of PU foams and is suitable for the manufacturing of antimicrobial PU composite foams. Due to these positive and beneficial effects, it can be stated that the use of cloves as a natural filler in PU composite foams can promote a new application path in converting agricultural waste into useful resources for creating a new class of green materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Członka
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90924 Stefanowskiego, Poland; (A.S.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Strąkowska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90924 Stefanowskiego, Poland; (A.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Strzelec
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90924 Stefanowskiego, Poland; (A.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Agnė Kairytė
- Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Arūnas Kremensas
- Institute of Building Materials, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, LT-08217 Vilnius, Lithuania; (A.K.); (A.K.)
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27
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Li J, Cheng Y, Lee H, Wang C, Chiu C, Suen M. Synthesis and properties of castor oil‐based polyurethane containing short fluorinated segment. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Wun Li
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Yung‐Hsin Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Hsun‐Tsing Lee
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringVanung University Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chyung‐Chyung Wang
- Department of Textile EngineeringChinese Culture University Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chih‐Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Maw‐Cherng Suen
- Department of Fashion Business AdministrationLEE‐MING Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China
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28
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Santra S, Bean R, Heckert B, Shaw Z, Jain V, Shrestha L, Narayanam R, Austin Q. Alkene–azide chemistry: a facile, one-step, solvent- and catalyst-free approach for developing new functional monomers and polymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00346h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The application of solvent and catalyst free, green chemistry approaches is highly desired. Herein we have explored a facile, one-step “Click-ene” chemistry for the synthesis of functional monomers and macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ren Bean
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
| | - Blaze Heckert
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
| | - Zachary Shaw
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
| | - Vedant Jain
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
| | - Lok Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
| | | | - Quentin Austin
- Department of Chemistry
- Pittsburg State University
- Pittsburg
- USA
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29
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Zhang D, Chen S. The study of palm‐oil‐based bio‐polyol on the morphological, acoustic and mechanical properties of flexible polyurethane foams. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and ControlJilin University Changchun China
| | - Shuming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and ControlJilin University Changchun China
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30
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Abdel-Hamid S, Al-Qabandi O, N.A.S. E, Bassyouni M, Zoromba M, Abdel-Aziz M, Mira H, Y. E. Fabrication and Characterization of Microcellular Polyurethane Sisal Biocomposites. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244585. [PMID: 31847377 PMCID: PMC6943674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, microcellular polyurethane (PU)-natural fiber (NF) biocomposites were fabricated. Polyurethanes based on castor oil and PMDI were synthesized with varying volume ratios of sisal fiber. The effect of natural fiber treatment using water and alkaline solution (1.5% NaOH) and load effect were investigated. Biocomposites were mechanically and physically investigated using tensile, viscoelasticity, and water absorption tests. The interfacial adhesion between PU and sisal fiber was studied using SEM. Short NF loads (3%) showed a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the PU-sisal composite such as modulus of elasticity, yield and tensile strength up to 133%, 14.35 % and 36.7% respectively. Viscoelastic measurements showed that the composites exhibit an elastic trend as the real compliance (J’) values were higher than those of the imaginary compliance (J’’). Increasing NF loads resulted in a decrease of J’. Applying variable temperatures (120–80 °C) caused an increase in the stiffness at different frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.M.S. Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, the Egyptian Academy for Engineering and Advanced Technology, Affiliated to Ministry of Military Production, Al Salam city 3056, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.A.-H.); or (M.B.); Tel.: +20-26-5792-10 (S.M.S.A.-H.); +20-11-5967-5357 (M.B.)
| | - O.A. Al-Qabandi
- EQUATE Petrochemicals Company, P.O. Box 91717, Ahmadi 61008, Kuwait;
| | - Elminshawy. N.A.S.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt (E.Y.)
| | - M. Bassyouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Materials Science Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, October Gardens, 6th of October, Giza 12578, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.A.-H.); or (M.B.); Tel.: +20-26-5792-10 (S.M.S.A.-H.); +20-11-5967-5357 (M.B.)
| | - M.S. Zoromba
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia; or
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port-Said 42521, Egypt
| | - M.H. Abdel-Aziz
- Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia; or
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - H. Mira
- Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo 11381, Egypt;
| | - Elhenawy Y.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Fouad 42526, Egypt (E.Y.)
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31
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Li JW, Tsen WC, Tsou CH, Suen MC, Chiu CW. Synthetic Environmentally Friendly Castor Oil Based-Polyurethane with Carbon Black as a Microphase Separation Promoter. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1333. [PMID: 31408953 PMCID: PMC6722694 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study created water polyurethane (WPU) prepolymer by using isophorone diisocyanate, castor oil, dimethylolpropionic acid, and triethanolamine (TEA) as the hard segment, soft segment, hydrophilic group, and neutralizer, respectively. TEA, deionized water, and carbon black (CB) were added to the prepolymer under high-speed rotation to create an environmentally friendly vegetable-oil-based polyurethane. CB served as the fortifier and promoter of microphase separation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to elucidate the role of H-bond interactions within the CB/WPUs. Additionally, atomic force microscopy was conducted to determine the influence of H-bond interactions on the degree of microphase separation in the WPU. Furthermore, this study used four-point probe observation to discover the materials' conductivity of CB in the WPU. Thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis were performed to measure the thermal properties of the CB/WPUs. The mechanical properties of CB/WPUs were measured using a tensile testing machine. The CB/WPUs were also soaked in 1 wt.% NaOH solution for different amounts of time to determine the degradation properties of the CB/WPUs. Finally, scanning electron microscopy was performed to observe the topography of the CB/WPUs after degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wun Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Tsen
- Department of Fashion and Design, LEE-MING Institute of Technology, No. 22, Sec. 3, Tailin. Rd., New Taipei City 24305, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hui Tsou
- Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Process Equipment and Control, Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Maw-Cherng Suen
- Department of Fashion Business Administration, LEE-MING Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 24305, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan.
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32
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Xu D, Cao Z, Wang T, Zhao J, Zhong J, Xiong P, Wang J, Gao F, Shen L. Effect of the Ratio of Acetylacetate Groups on the Properties of a Novel Plant-Based Dual-Cure Coating System. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11173-11179. [PMID: 31460217 PMCID: PMC6648321 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel plant-based dual-cure coating system based on a Michael addition reaction between bismaleimide (BDM) and modified acetoacetylated castor oil was developed. The BDM has a high reactivity toward acetylacetate groups, and the catalyst 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (TEDA) was optimized by the rheological viscosity. The gel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Then, three films were prepared with the TEDA catalyst and analyzed with solid-state 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal and mechanical properties of the three films were characterized by differential mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. We found that the cross-linking density, glass transition temperature (T g), and Young's modulus of the coating films increased with an increase in the ratio of acetylacetate groups from the modified acetoacetylated castor oil. This is the first study of the reaction of BDM with plant-based acetylacetate groups. Importantly, a quantitative ratio of acetylacetate groups can be obtained by a thiol-ene coupling reaction and a transesterification reaction, resulting in the formation of films having excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Cao
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jinze Zhao
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xiong
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Fei Gao
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Jiangxi Engineering
Laboratory
of Waterborne Coating, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Yao M, Chen J, Jiang Z, Ma Y. Synthesis and properties of polyurethane elastomers based on renewable castor oil polyols. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Ming Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhiguo Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing 100029 China
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Wang C, Dai L, Yang Z, Ge C, Li S, He M, Ding L, Xie H. Reinforcement of Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane with Surface Modification of Attapulgite. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1236. [PMID: 30961161 PMCID: PMC6401881 DOI: 10.3390/polym10111236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane/attapulgite (PU/ATT) nanocomposites derived from castor oil were prepared by incorporation of 8 wt % ATT, acid-treated ATT, and KH560-treated ATT. The effects of three ATTs (ATT, acid-ATT, and KH560-ATT) on the comprehensive properties of PU/ATT nanocomposites were systematically investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of 8 wt % of three ATTs could produce an obvious reinforcement on the castor oil-based PU and that the silane modification treatment, rather than the acid treatment, has the more effective reinforcement effect. SEM images revealed the uniform dispersion of ATT in the PU matrix. DMA confirmed that the storage modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of PU/ATT nanocomposites were significantly increased after blending with different ATTs. For PU/KH560-ATT8 nanocomposites, the thermal stability of the PU was obviously enhanced by the addition of KH560-ATT. In particular, 8 wt % KH560-ATT loaded castor oil-based PU nanocomposites exhibit an obvious improvement in tensile strength (255%), Young's modulus (200%), Tg (5.1 °C), the storage modulus at 25 °C (104%), and the initial decomposition temperature (7.7 °C). The prepared bio-based PU materials could be a potential candidate to replace petroleum-based PU products in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshuang Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
- You Pei College, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Lili Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
- You Pei College, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Zhengrui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
- You Pei College, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Chengcheng Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
- You Pei College, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Shuiping Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Meng He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Liang Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Hongfeng Xie
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Bresolin D, Estrella AS, da Silva JRP, Valério A, Sayer C, de Araújo PHH, de Oliveira D. Synthesis of a green polyurethane foam from a biopolyol obtained by enzymatic glycerolysis and its use for immobilization of lipase NS-40116. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:213-222. [PMID: 30367249 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The use of green sources for materials synthesis has gained popularity in recent years. This work investigated the immobilization of lipase NS-40116 (Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase) in polyurethane foam (PUF) using a biopolyol obtained through the enzymatic glycerolysis between castor oil and glycerol, catalyzed by the commercial lipase Novozym 435 for the PUF formation. The reaction was performed to obtain biopolyol resulting in the conversion of 64% in mono- and diacylglycerol, promoting the efficient use of the reaction product as biopolyol to obtain polyurethane foam. The enzymatic derivative with immobilized lipase NS-40116 presented apparent density of 0.19 ± 0.03 g/cm3 and an immobilization yield was 94 ± 4%. Free and immobilized lipase NS-40116 were characterized in different solvents (methanol, ethanol, and propanol), temperatures (20, 40, 60 and 80 °C), pH (3, 5, 7, 9 and 11) and presence of ions Na+, Mg++, and Ca++. The support provided higher stability to the enzyme, mainly when subjected to acid pH (free lipase lost 80% of relative activity after 360 h of contact, when the enzymatic derivative lost around 22%) and high-temperature free lipase lost 50% of relative activity, while the immobilized remained 95%. The enzymatic derivative was also used for esterification reactions and conversions around 66% in fatty acid methyl esters, using abdominal chicken fat as feedstock, were obtained in the first use, maintaining this high conversion until the fourth reuse, proving that the support obtained using environmentally friendly techniques is applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bresolin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Arthur S Estrella
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline R P da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Valério
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Sayer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro H H de Araújo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, P.O. Box 476, Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Suryawanshi Y, Sanap P, Wani V. Advances in the synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethanes. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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37
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Patil DM, Phalak GA, Mhaske ST. Design and synthesis of bio-based epoxidized alkyd resin for anti-corrosive coating application. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-018-0646-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Unverferth M, Meier MAR. A Sustainable Tandem Catalysis Approach to Plant Oil‐Based Polyols via Schenck‐Ene Reaction and Epoxidation. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Unverferth
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz‐Haber Weg 676131 KarlsruheGermany
| | - Michael A. R. Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz‐Haber Weg 676131 KarlsruheGermany
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PUR-PIR foam produced based on poly(hydroxybutyl citrate) foamed founded with different factories. POLISH JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/pjct-2018-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A poly(hydroxybutyl citrate) p(HBC) was obtained. The product compound produced in the solution during esterification, was added to rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams (PUR-PIR). The amount of petrochemical polyol in the foams was decreased in favor of the p(HBC) from 0.1 to 0.5 equivalent. The foams were foamed in two ways: with distilled water (W foams) and with Solkane 365/227 (S foams). The examination results of both foam series were compared. They showed that the foams foamed with water have higher softening temperature than the foams foamed with solkane. The retention values for both foam series are around 91–95%, and water absorption in the range of 0.7–3.2%. The anisotropy coefficient did not exceed 1.08 (the lowest value being 1.01).
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40
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Furtwengler P, Avérous L. Renewable polyols for advanced polyurethane foams from diverse biomass resources. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00827b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of renewable polyols, used for making polyurethane foams, from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luc Avérous
- BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM
- UMR CNRS 7515
- Université de Strasbourg
- Cedex 2
- France
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Polyurethane Foams for Thermal Insulation Uses Produced from Castor Oil and Crude Glycerol Biopolyols. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071091. [PMID: 28671592 PMCID: PMC6152006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rigid polyurethane foams were synthesized using a renewable polyol from the simple physical mixture of castor oil and crude glycerol. The effect of the catalyst (DBTDL) content and blowing agents in the foams’ properties were evaluated. The use of physical blowing agents (cyclopentane and n-pentane) allowed foams with smaller cells to be obtained in comparison with the foams produced with a chemical blowing agent (water). The increase of the water content caused a decrease in density, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus, which indicates that the increment of CO2 production contributes to the formation of larger cells. Higher amounts of catalyst in the foam formulations caused a slight density decrease and a small increase of thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and Young’s modulus values. These green foams presented properties that indicate a great potential to be used as thermal insulation: density (23–41 kg·m−3), thermal conductivity (0.0128–0.0207 W·m−1·K−1), compressive strength (45–188 kPa), and Young’s modulus (3–28 kPa). These biofoams are also environmentally friendly polymers and can aggregate revenue to the biodiesel industry, contributing to a reduction in fuel prices.
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Degradability of cross-linked polyurethanes based on synthetic polyhydroxybutyrate and modified with polylactide. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017; 71:2243-2251. [PMID: 29104353 PMCID: PMC5655605 DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In many areas of application of conventional non-degradable cross-linked polyurethanes (PUR), there is a need for their degradation under the influence of specific environmental factors. It is practiced by incorporation of sensitive to degradation compounds (usually of natural origin) into the polyurethane structure, or by mixing them with polyurethanes. Cross-linked polyurethanes (with 10 and 30%wt amount of synthetic poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate) (R,S-PHB) in soft segments) and their physical blends with poly([d,l]-lactide) (PDLLA) were investigated and then degraded under hydrolytic (phosphate buffer solution) and oxidative (CoCl2/H2O2) conditions. The rate of degradation was monitored by changes of samples mass, morphology of surface and their thermal properties. Despite the small weight losses of samples, the changes of thermal properties of polymers and topography of their surface indicated that they were susceptible to gradual degradation under oxidative and hydrolytic conditions. Blends of PDLLA and polyurethane with 30 wt% of R,S-PHB in soft segments and PUR/PDLLA blends absorbed more
water and degraded faster than polyurethane with low amount of R,S-PHB.
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44
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Thermosetting AESO-bacterial cellulose nanocomposite foams with tailored mechanical properties obtained by Pickering emulsion templating. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Akindoyo JO, Beg MDH, Ghazali S, Islam MR, Jeyaratnam N, Yuvaraj AR. Polyurethane types, synthesis and applications – a review. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14525f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 655] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethanes (PUs) are a class of versatile materials with great potential for use in different applications, especially based on their structure–property relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O. Akindoyo
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - M. D. H. Beg
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - Suriati Ghazali
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - M. R. Islam
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology
- University of Kuala Lumpur
- Melaka
- Malaysia
| | - Nitthiyah Jeyaratnam
- Faculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
| | - A. R. Yuvaraj
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
- Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak
- Kuantan
- Malaysia
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