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Yanshole VV, Melnikov AD, Yanshole LV, Zelentsova EA, Snytnikova OA, Osik NA, Fomenko MV, Savina ED, Kalinina AV, Sharshov KA, Dubovitskiy NA, Kobtsev MS, Zaikovskii AA, Mariasina SS, Tsentalovich YP. Animal Metabolite Database: Metabolite Concentrations in Animal Tissues and Convenient Comparison of Quantitative Metabolomic Data. Metabolites 2023; 13:1088. [PMID: 37887413 PMCID: PMC10609207 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Animal Metabolite Database (AMDB, https://amdb.online) is a freely accessible database with built-in statistical analysis tools, allowing one to browse and compare quantitative metabolomics data and raw NMR and MS data, as well as sample metadata, with a focus on the metabolite concentrations rather than on the raw data itself. AMDB also functions as a platform for the metabolomics community, providing convenient deposition and exchange of quantitative metabolomic data. To date, the majority of the data in AMDB relate to the metabolite content of the eye lens and blood of vertebrates, primarily wild species from Siberia, Russia and laboratory rodents. However, data on other tissues (muscle, heart, liver, brain, and more) are also present, and the list of species and tissues is constantly growing. Typically, every sample in AMDB contains concentrations of 60-90 of the most abundant metabolites, provided in nanomoles per gram of wet tissue weight (nmol/g). We believe that AMDB will become a widely used tool in the community, as typical metabolite baseline concentrations in tissues of animal models will aid in a wide variety of fundamental and applied scientific fields, including, but not limited to, animal modeling of human diseases, assessment of medical formulations, and evolutionary and environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V. Yanshole
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
- Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Arsenty D. Melnikov
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Lyudmila V. Yanshole
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Ekaterina A. Zelentsova
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Olga A. Snytnikova
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Nataliya A. Osik
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
- Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Fomenko
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
- Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ekaterina D. Savina
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Anastasia V. Kalinina
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
| | - Kirill A. Sharshov
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; (K.A.S.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Nikita A. Dubovitskiy
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Biodiversity of Viruses, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; (K.A.S.); (N.A.D.)
| | - Mikhail S. Kobtsev
- Department of Information Technologies, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;
| | - Anatolii A. Zaikovskii
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University, 14th Line V. O. 29, Saint Petersburg 199178, Russia;
| | - Sofia S. Mariasina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- RUDN University, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Yuri P. Tsentalovich
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolomics, International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.D.M.); (L.V.Y.); (E.A.Z.); (O.A.S.); (N.A.O.); (M.V.F.); (E.D.S.); (A.V.K.); (Y.P.T.)
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Bejarano E, Weinberg J, Clark M, Taylor A, Rowan S, Whitcomb EA. Redox Regulation in Age-Related Cataracts: Roles for Glutathione, Vitamin C, and the NRF2 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:3375. [PMID: 37571310 PMCID: PMC10421530 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Age is the biggest risk factor for cataracts, and aberrant oxidative modifications are correlated with age-related cataracts, suggesting that proper redox regulation is important for lens clarity. The lens has very high levels of antioxidants, including ascorbate and glutathione that aid in keeping the lens clear, at least in young animals and humans. We summarize current functional and genetic data supporting the hypothesis that impaired regulation of oxidative stress leads to redox dysregulation and cataract. We will focus on the essential endogenous antioxidant glutathione and the exogenous antioxidant vitamin C/ascorbate. Additionally, gene expression in response to oxidative stress is regulated in part by the transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 [NFE2L2]), thus we will summarize our data regarding cataracts in Nrf2-/- mice. In this work, we discuss the function and integration of these capacities with the objective of maintaining lens clarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloy Bejarano
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
- School of Health Sciences and Veterinary, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jasper Weinberg
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Madison Clark
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
| | - Allen Taylor
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Developmental, Chemical and Molecular Biology, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sheldon Rowan
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Whitcomb
- JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA; (E.B.); (J.W.); (M.C.); (A.T.); (S.R.)
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New insight of metabolomics in ocular diseases in the context of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2023; 14:53-71. [PMID: 36866159 PMCID: PMC9971428 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-023-00313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics refers to the high-through untargeted or targeted screening of metabolites in biofluids, cells, and tissues. Metabolome reflects the functional states of cells and organs of an individual, influenced by genes, RNA, proteins, and environment. Metabolomic analyses help to understand the interaction between metabolism and phenotype and reveal biomarkers for diseases. Advanced ocular diseases can lead to vision loss and blindness, reducing patients' quality of life and aggravating socio-economic burden. Contextually, the transition from reactive medicine to the predictive, preventive, and personalized (PPPM / 3P) medicine is needed. Clinicians and researchers dedicate a lot of efforts to explore effective ways for disease prevention, biomarkers for disease prediction, and personalized treatments, by taking advantages of metabolomics. In this way, metabolomics has great clinical utility in the primary and secondary care. In this review, we summarized much progress achieved by applying metabolomics to ocular diseases and pointed out potential biomarkers and metabolic pathways involved to promote 3P medicine approach in healthcare.
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Dysli C, Dysli M, Wolf S, Zinkernagel M. Fluorescence lifetime distribution in phakic and pseudophakic healthy eyes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279158. [PMID: 36608033 PMCID: PMC9821472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the influence of the lens status and to describe fundus autofluorescence lifetimes (FLT) in a large cohort of healthy eyes across a wide age range. MATERIALS AND METHODS FLT data were acquired from healthy phakic and pseudophakic eyes using fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO). Retinal autofluorescence was excited with a 473 nm laser and emitted autofluorescence was detected in a short and a long spectral channel (SSC: 498-560 nm; LSC: 560-720 nm). RESULTS 141 healthy eyes from 141 participants (56 ± 18 years) were included. The shortest mean FLTs were measured within the macular center, followed by the temporal inner and outer ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) grid segments, and the remaining areas of the inner and the outer ETDRS ring. In phakic participants (81%), mean, short and long FLTs correlated with the age (SSC: r2 = 0.54; LSC: r2 = 0.7; both p<0.0001) with an increase of about 33 ps in the SSC resp. 28 ps in the LSC per decade. In pseudophakic subjects (19%), mean FLTs only correlated with age in the long spectral channel (r2 = 0.44; p = 0.0002) but not in the short spectral channel (r2 = 0.066; p = 0.2). CONCLUSIONS Fundus autofluorescence lifetimes are age dependent. FLTs in the SSC are more susceptible to lens opacities but less dependent on age changes, whereas FLTs in the LSC are largely independent of the lens status but display a higher degree of age dependency. STUDY REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01981148.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Dysli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Muriel Dysli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Zinkernagel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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Influence of Ecological Factors on the Metabolomic Composition of Fish Lenses. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121709. [PMID: 36552218 PMCID: PMC9774591 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple stressors related to changes in environmental conditions (such as water temperature, salinity, and natural and anthropogenic pollution) may cause biological responses of aquatic organisms that lead to significant variations in the biochemical reactions in their tissues and thereby change the concentrations of metabolites. We used a quantitative NMR-based metabolomic analysis of the fish lens for the evaluation of the influence of environmental factors on metabolic processes in aquatic animals. For this purpose, three species of freshwater fish-Perca fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus lacustris, and Gymnocephalus cernua-were caught at approximately the same time at three locations in Siberia (Russia) that differed in levels of dissolved oxygen (LDO) and water purity, and the concentrations of 57 major metabolites in the fish lenses were determined. We found that the metabolomic profiles of the fish lenses strongly depended on the location. The obtained data demonstrated that two typical stressors for aquatic animals-a reduced LDO and anthropogenic water pollution-caused a largely similar metabolic response in the fish lenses that led to an increase in the concentrations of several amino acids and a decrease in sarcosine and phosphoethanolamine. At the same time, the composition of the major lens osmolytes depended mostly on the oxygen level, while variations in AMP (decrease) and NAD (increase) corresponded to the water pollution. We suggest that the eye lens is a very convenient tissue for studying the impact of ecological factors on the metabolic state of aquatic animals, fish in particular.
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Osik NA, Zelentsova EA, Sharshov KA, Tsentalovich YP. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH) is a natural UV filter of certain bird lens. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16850. [PMID: 36207404 PMCID: PMC9546832 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we for the first time report the identification of UV filters in the bird eye lens. We found that lenses of some raptors (black kite, common buzzard) and waterfowl (birds from Podicipedidae family) contain unusually high levels of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)—a compound with high absorption in the UV-A range with a maximum at 340 nm. The lens metabolome of these birds also features an extremely low [NAD +]/[NADH] ratio. Chemometric analysis demonstrates that the differences between the metabolomic compositions of lenses with low and high NADH abundances should be attributed to the taxonomic features of bird species rather to the influence of the low [NAD +]/[NADH] ratio. We attributed this observation to the low metabolic activity in lens fiber cells, which make up the bulk of the lens tissue. Photochemical measurements show that properties of NADH as a UV filter are as good as that of UV filters in the human lens, including strong absorption in the UV-A spectral region, high photostability under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, low yields of triplet state, fluorescence, and radicals under irradiation. Lenticular UV filters protect the retina and the lens from photo-induced damages and improve the visual acuity by reducing chromatic aberrations; therefore, the results obtained contribute to our understanding of the extremely high acuity of the raptor vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya A Osik
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | | | - Kirill A Sharshov
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Timakova 2, Novosibirsk, 630117, Russia
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Martins TGDS, Sipahi AM, Mendes MA, Fowler SB, Schor P. Metaboloma use in ophthalmology. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2022. [DOI: 10.37039/1982.8551.20220056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The Application of Quantitative Metabolomics for the Taxonomic Differentiation of Birds. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071089. [PMID: 36101467 PMCID: PMC9312993 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the current pilot study, we propose the use of quantitative metabolomics to reconstruct the phylogeny of vertebrates, namely birds. We determined the concentrations of the 67 most abundant metabolites in the eye lenses of the following 14 species from 6 orders of the class Aves (Birds): the Black kite (Milvus migrans), Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), Northern raven (Corvus corax), Eurasian coot (Fulica atra), Godlewski's bunting (Emberiza godlewskii), Great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), Great tit (Parus major), Hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes), Hooded crow (Corvus cornix), House sparrow (Passer domesticus), Rock dove (Columba livia), Rook (Corvus frugilegus), Short-eared owl (Asio flammeus) and Ural owl (Strix uralensis). Further analysis shows that the statistical approaches generally used in metabolomics can be applied for differentiation between species, and the most fruitful results were obtained with hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). We observed the grouping of conspecific samples independently of the sampling place and date. The HCA tree structure supports the key role of genomics in the formation of the lens metabolome, but it also indicates the influence of the species lifestyle. A combination of genomics-based and metabolomics-based phylogeny could potentially resolve arising issues and yield a more reliable tree of life.
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Serebryany E, Chowdhury S, Woods CN, Thorn DC, Watson NE, McClelland AA, Klevit RE, Shakhnovich EI. A native chemical chaperone in the human eye lens. eLife 2022; 11:76923. [PMID: 35723573 PMCID: PMC9246369 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract is one of the most prevalent protein aggregation disorders and still the most common cause of vision loss worldwide. The metabolically quiescent core region of the human lens lacks cellular or protein turnover; it has therefore evolved remarkable mechanisms to resist light-scattering protein aggregation for a lifetime. We now report that one such mechanism involves an unusually abundant lens metabolite, myo-inositol, suppressing aggregation of lens crystallins. We quantified aggregation suppression using our previously well-characterized in vitro aggregation assays of oxidation-mimicking human γD-crystallin variants and investigated myo-inositol’s molecular mechanism of action using solution NMR, negative-stain TEM, differential scanning fluorometry, thermal scanning Raman spectroscopy, turbidimetry in redox buffers, and free thiol quantitation. Unlike many known chemical chaperones, myo-inositol’s primary target was not the native, unfolded, or final aggregated states of the protein; rather, we propose that it was the rate-limiting bimolecular step on the aggregation pathway. Given recent metabolomic evidence that it is severely depleted in human cataractous lenses compared to age-matched controls, we suggest that maintaining or restoring healthy levels of myo-inositol in the lens may be a simple, safe, and globally accessible strategy to prevent or delay lens opacification due to age-onset cataract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Serebryany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Sourav Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Christopher N Woods
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - David C Thorn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | - Nicki E Watson
- Center for Nanoscale Systems, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
| | | | - Rachel E Klevit
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Eugene I Shakhnovich
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States
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10
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Savina ED, Tsentalovich YP, Sherin PS. Influence of viscosity on mechanism and products of radical reactions of kynurenic acid and tryptophan. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Sherin PS, Vyšniauskas A, López-Duarte I, Ogilby PR, Kuimova MK. Visualising UV-A light-induced damage to plasma membranes of eye lens. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 225:112346. [PMID: 34736070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An eye lens is constantly exposed to the solar UV radiation, which is considered the most important external source of age-related changes to eye lens constituents. The accumulation of modifications of proteins and lipids with age can eventually lead to the development of progressive lens opacifications, such as cataracts. Though the impact of solar UV radiation on the structure and function of proteins is actively studied, little is known about the effect of photodamage on plasma membranes of lens cells. In this work we exploit Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM), together with viscosity-sensitive fluorophores termed molecular rotors, to study the changes in viscosity of plasma membranes of porcine eye lens resulting from two different types of photodamage: Type I (electron transfer) and Type II (singlet oxygen) reactions. We demonstrate that these two types of photodamage result in clearly distinct changes in viscosity - a decrease in the case of Type I damage and an increase in the case of Type II processes. Finally, to simulate age-related changes that occur in vivo, we expose an intact eye lens to UV-A light under anaerobic conditions. The observed decrease in viscosity within plasma membranes is consistent with the ability of eye lens constituents to sensitize Type I photodamage under natural irradiation conditions. These changes are likely to alter the transport of metabolites and predispose the whole tissue to the development of pathological processes such as cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Sherin
- Chemistry Department, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK; International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya street 3A, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Aurimas Vyšniauskas
- Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania; Chemistry Department, Vilnius University, Naugarduko st. 24, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
| | - Ismael López-Duarte
- Chemistry Department, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Peter R Ogilby
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, Aarhus DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Marina K Kuimova
- Chemistry Department, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
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12
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Morozova OB, Yurkovskaya AV, Sherin PS. Kynurenic acid and its chromophoric core 4-hydroxyquinoline react with tryptophan via proton-coupled electron transfer, and with tyrosine via H-transfer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22483-22491. [PMID: 34586113 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03496k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KNA) and 4-hydroxyquinoline (4HQN) are photochemically active products of tryptophan catabolism that readily react with tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) after optical excitation. Recently, transient absorption experiments have shown that at neutral pH Trp reacts with triplet KNA via proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), and not via electron transfer (ET) as it was suggested before. PCET includes the stepwise transition of both electrons and protons from Trp to triplet KNA. In this work, we confirmed that PCET is the reaction mechanism by the alternative method of time-resolved chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (TR-CIDNP). Further studies by TR-CIDNP revealed hydrogen transfer as the mechanism of the reaction between triplet KNA and Tyr in neutral solutions and a transition of both PCET and H-transfer mechanisms to ET under acidic conditions. 4HQN, being the chromophoric core of KNA, exhibits different spectral and photophysical properties from KNA but employs the same mechanisms for the reactions of its triplet state with Trp and Tyr at neutral and acidic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga B Morozova
- International Tomography Center, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | | | - Peter S Sherin
- International Tomography Center, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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13
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Serebryany E, Thorn DC, Quintanar L. Redox chemistry of lens crystallins: A system of cysteines. Exp Eye Res 2021; 211:108707. [PMID: 34332989 PMCID: PMC8511183 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear region of the lens is metabolically quiescent, but it is far from inert chemically. Without cellular renewal and with decades of environmental exposures, the lens proteome, lipidome, and metabolome change. The lens crystallins have evolved exquisite mechanisms for resisting, slowing, adapting to, and perhaps even harnessing the effects of these cumulative chemical modifications to minimize the amount of light-scattering aggregation in the lens over a lifetime. Redox chemistry is a major factor in these damages and mitigating adaptations, and as such, it is likely to be a key component of any successful therapeutic strategy for preserving or rescuing lens transparency, and perhaps flexibility, during aging. Protein redox chemistry is typically mediated by Cys residues. This review will therefore focus primarily on the Cys-rich γ-crystallins of the human lens, taking care to extend these findings to the β- and α-crystallins where pertinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Serebryany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - David C Thorn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Zhuravleva YS, Sherin PS. Influence of pH on radical reactions between kynurenic acid and amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine. Part II. Amino acids within the protein globule of lysozyme. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:211-224. [PMID: 34363946 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An acidosis, a decrease of pH within a living tissue, may alter yields of radical reactions if participating radicals undergo partial or complete protonation. One of photosensitizers found in the human eye lens, kynurenic acid (KNA-), possesses pKa 5.5 for its radical form that is close to physiological pH 6.89 for a healthy lens. In this work we studied the influence of pH on mechanisms and products of photoinduced radical reactions between KNA- and amino acids tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) within a globule of model protein, Hen White Egg Lysozyme (HEWL). Our results show that the rate constant of back electron transfer from kynurenyl to HEWL• radicals with the restoration of initial reagents - the major decay pathway for these radicals - does not change in the pH 3-7. The quantum yield of HEWL degradation is also pH independent, however a shift of pH from 7 to 5 completely changes the outcome of photoinduced damage to HEWL from intermolecular cross-linking to oxygenation. HPLC-MS analysis has shown that four of six Trp and all Tyr residues of HEWL are modified in different extents at all pH, but the lowering of pH from 7 to 5 significantly changes the direction of main photodamage from Trp62 to Trp108 located at the entrance and bottom of enzymatic center, respectively. A decrease of intermolecular cross-links via Trp62 is followed by an increase in quantities of intramolecular cross-links Tyr20-Tyr23 and Tyr23-Tyr53. The obtained results point out the competence of cross-linking and oxygenation reactions for Trp and Tyr radicals within a protein globule and significant increase of oxygenation to the total damage of protein in the case of cross-linking deceleration by coulombic repulsion of positively charged protein globules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya S Zhuravleva
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya street 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova street 2, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Peter S Sherin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya street 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova street 2, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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15
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Osik NA, Zelentsova EA, Tsentalovich YP. Kinetic Studies of Antioxidant Properties of Ovothiol A. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091470. [PMID: 34573105 PMCID: PMC8470380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovothiol A (OSH) is one of the strongest natural antioxidants. So far, its presence was found in tissues of marine invertebrates, algae and fish. Due to very low pKa value of the SH group, under physiological conditions, this compound is almost entirely present in chemically active thiolate form and reacts with ROS and radicals significantly faster than other natural thiols. In biological systems, OSH acts in tandem with glutathione GSH, with OSH neutralizing oxidants and GSH maintaining ovothiol in the reduced state. In the present work, we report the rate constants of OSH oxidation by H2O2 and of reduction of oxidized ovothiol OSSO by GSH and we estimate the Arrhenius parameters for these rate constants. The absorption spectra of reaction intermediates, adduct OSSG and sulfenic acid OSOH, were obtained. We also found that OSH effectively quenches the triplet state of kynurenic acid with an almost diffusion-controlled rate constant. This finding indicates that OSH may serve as a good photoprotector to inhibit the deleterious effect of solar UV irradiation; this assumption explains the high concentrations of OSH in the fish lens. The unique antioxidant and photoprotecting properties of OSH open promising perspectives for its use in the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliya A. Osik
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.A.O.); (E.A.Z.)
- Physical Department, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.A.O.); (E.A.Z.)
- Physical Department, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuri P. Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.A.O.); (E.A.Z.)
- Physical Department, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Correspondence:
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16
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Zhuravleva YS, Sherin PS. Influence of pH on radical reactions between kynurenic acid and amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine. Part I. Amino acids in free state. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:331-339. [PMID: 34146664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the human eye lens the endogenous chromophores of UV-A light (315-400 nm) are able to sensitize radical reactions leading to protein modifications during normal aging and the cataract progression. Kynurenic acid (KNA-) is the most photochemically active dye of the human eye lens reported to date with pKa(KNAH2•) 5.5 for its radical form. Cataract is thought to develop under oxidative stress which could be accompanied by acidosis, an acidification of the intracellular environment. Protonation of kynurenyl radicals at mildly acidic conditions may change the outcome of radical reactions leading to additional damage to proteins. In this work we investigated the influence of pH on the degradation of initial reagents and the formation of products in photoinduced radical reactions between KNA- and amino acids tryptophan (Trp) and tyrosine (Tyr) in free states. Our results have shown that pH variation has minor influence on kinetics of reagent decay and accumulation of products in reactions between tyrosyl and kynurenic acid radicals. However in the case of Trp a two-fold decrease of the reagent degradation without visible changes in the composition of formed products was observed with pH decrease from 7 to 3. Time-resolved measurements have shown similar acidification-induced two-fold acceleration of decay of kynurenyl and tryptophanyl radicals via Back Electron Transfer (BET) with the restoration of initial reagents. Experiments with tryptophan derivatives with different pKa values for their radical forms point out the protonation of tryptophanyl radical as the driving force for BET acceleration at low pH. Our results demonstrate that the protonation of kynurenyl radical does not change its reactivity towards amino acids radicals but the total yield of radical photodamage decreases with the protonation of tryptophanyl radicals. It could be expected that radical induced damage to proteins will depend on the pKa of tryptophanyl radicals within a protein globule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya S Zhuravleva
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Peter S Sherin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Street 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Street 2, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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17
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Glinskikh A, Snytnikova O, Zelentsova E, Borisova M, Tsentalovich Y, Akulov A. The Effect of Blood Contained in the Samples on the Metabolomic Profile of Mouse Brain Tissue: A Study by NMR Spectroscopy. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113096. [PMID: 34067246 PMCID: PMC8196876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Recently, metabolic profiling of the tissue in the native state or extracts of its metabolites has become increasingly important in the field of metabolomics. An important factor, in this case, is the presence of blood in a tissue sample, which can potentially lead to a change in the concentration of tissue metabolites and, as a result, distortion of experimental data and their interpretation. (2) In this paper, the metabolomic profiling based on NMR spectroscopy was performed to determine the effect of blood contained in the studied samples of brain tissue on their metabolomic profile. We used 13 male laboratory CD-1® IGS mice for this study. The animals were divided into two groups. The first group of animals (n = 7) was subjected to the perfusion procedure, and the second group of animals (n = 6) was not perfused. The brain tissues of the animals were homogenized, and the metabolite fraction was extracted with a water/methanol/chloroform solution. Samples were studied by high-frequency 1H-NMR spectroscopy with subsequent statistical data analysis. The group comparison was performed with the use of the Student's test. We identified 36 metabolites in the brain tissue with the use of NMR spectroscopy. (3) For the major set of studied metabolites, no significant differences were found in the brain tissue metabolite concentrations in the native state and after the blood removal procedure. (4) Thus, it was shown that the presence of blood does not have a significant effect on the metabolomic profile of the brain in animals without pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Glinskikh
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue, 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.G.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria Borisova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue, 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.G.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Yuri Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.Z.); (Y.T.)
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Akulov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician Lavrentiev Avenue, 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.G.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.Z.); (Y.T.)
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18
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Rivera-Velez SM, Navas J, Villarino NF. Applying metabolomics to veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 44:855-869. [PMID: 33719079 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is the large-scale study of low-molecular-weight substances in a biological system in a given physiological state at a given time point. Metabolomics can be applied to identify predictors of inter-individual variability in drug response, provide clinicians with data useful for decision-making processes in drug selection, and inform about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a drug. It is, therefore, an exceptional approach for gaining new understanding effects in the field of comparative veterinary pharmacology. However, the incorporation of metabolomics into veterinary pharmacology and toxicology is not yet widespread, and this is probably, at least in part, a result of its highly multidisciplinary nature. This article reviews the potential applications of metabolomics in veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. It integrates key concepts for designing metabolomics studies and analyzing and interpreting metabolomics data, providing solid foundations for applying metabolomics to the study of drugs in all veterinary species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol M Rivera-Velez
- Molecular Determinants Core, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Florida, USA
| | - Jinna Navas
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Nicolas F Villarino
- Program in Individualized Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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19
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Khan SY, Ali M, Riazuddin SA. Metabolome profiling of the developing murine lens. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108343. [PMID: 33159909 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a study of the entire repertoire of metabolites in a cell at a particular time point. Here, we investigate the mouse lens at multiple embryonic and postnatal time points to establish the metabolome profile during early lens development. The lenses were isolated at six time points including embryonic day 15 (E15) and E18 and postnatal day 0 (P0), P3, P6, and P9. A total of four biological replicates of each time point, each consisting of 25 mg of lens tissue were preserved. Sample preparation was performed by protein precipitation followed by centrifugation to remove proteins and recover metabolites. The resulting extract was subjected to reverse phase/ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Metabolome profiling identified a total of 353 metabolites in mouse lens, marked with an abundance of collagen, antioxidant, glycosaminoglycans, lipid, amino acid, and energy-related metabolites. A comparative metabolome analysis identified >200 metabolites exhibiting increased levels (p < 0.05) at latter time points relative to E15. Principal component analysis revealed distinct metabolomic signatures running from E15 to P9 while random forest analysis categorized lipid-, amino acid-, and nucleotide-related metabolites contributing significantly to the separation of the time points. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the mouse lens metabolome at multiple embryonic and postnatal time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Y Khan
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Muhammad Ali
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - S Amer Riazuddin
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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20
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Zahraei A, Guo G, Perwick RD, Donaldson PJ, Demarais NJ, Grey AC. Mapping glucose metabolites in the normal bovine lens: Evaluation and optimisation of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation imaging mass spectrometry method. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 56:e4666. [PMID: 33089566 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The spatial resolution of microdissection-based analytical methods to detect ocular lens glucose uptake, transport and metabolism are poor, whereas the multiplexing capability of fluorescence microscopy-based approaches to simultaneously detect multiple glucose metabolites is limited in comparison with mass spectrometry-based methods. To better understand lens glucose transport and metabolism, a more highly spatially resolved technique that maintains the fragile ocular lens tissue is required. In this study, a sample preparation method for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) analysis of ocular lens glucose uptake and metabolism has been evaluated and optimised. Matrix choice, tissue preparation and normalisation strategy were determined using negative ion mode MALDI-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance MS of bovine lens tissue and validation performed using gas chromatography-MS. An internal standard was applied concurrently with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDC) matrix to limit cracking of the fresh frozen lens tissue sections. MALDI IMS data were collected at a variety of spatial resolutions to detect both endogenous lens metabolites and stable isotopically labelled glucose introduced by ex vivo lens culture. Using this approach, initial steps in important metabolic processes that are linked to diabetic cataract formation were spatially mapped in the bovine lens. In the future, this method can be applied to study the dynamics of glucose uptake, transport and metabolic flux to aid in the study of diabetic lens cataract pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zahraei
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - George Guo
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca D Perwick
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul J Donaldson
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas J Demarais
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Angus C Grey
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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21
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Tsentalovich YP, Zelentsova EA, Yanshole LV, Yanshole VV, Odud IM. Most abundant metabolites in tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch (Sander lucioperca). Sci Rep 2020; 10:17128. [PMID: 33051472 PMCID: PMC7555489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantitative metabolomic analysis was performed for eleven tissues of freshwater fish pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), including gill, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, brain, milt, lens, aqueous (AH) and vitreous (VH) humors with the use of NMR spectroscopy. The absolute values of concentrations were determined for more than 65 most abundant metabolites in every tissue. It was found that from the metabolomic viewpoint, kidney and gill are the most similar tissues, while the metabolomic compositions of ocular tissues—lens, AH, and VH significantly differ from that of other tissues. The combinations of intracellular osmolytes and antioxidants are specific for every tissue. In particular, the concentration of antioxidant ovothiol A in the lens is much higher than in any other tissue, while the brain enjoys the elevated level of ascorbate. The most abundant osmolyte in the fish spleen, muscle, and heart is taurine, and in the brain, gill, and lens—myo-inositol. Other important osmolytes specific for particular tissues are N-acetyl-histidine, N-acetyl-aspartate, betaine, threonine-phosphoethanolamine, and serine-phosphoethanolamine. The quantitative data obtained in the present work can be used as the baseline metabolite concentrations in the fish tissues to evaluate the influence of seasonal, ecological and other factors on the fish metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina A Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Lyudmila V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vadim V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Iliya M Odud
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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22
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Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Rat Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 16:1256-1265. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Shekhovtsov SV, Bulakhova NA, Tsentalovich YP, Zelentsova EA, Yanshole LV, Meshcheryakova EN, Berman DI. Metabolic response of the Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis to extreme hypoxia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14604. [PMID: 32884088 PMCID: PMC7471963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Siberian wood frog Rana amurensis is a recently discovered example of extreme hypoxia tolerance that is able to survive several months without oxygen. We studied metabolomic profiles of heart and liver of R. amurensis exposed to 17 days of extreme hypoxia. Without oxygen, the studied tissues experience considerable stress with a drastic decrease of ATP, phosphocreatine, and NAD+ concentrations, and concomitant increase of AMP, creatine, and NADH. Heart and liver switch to different pathways of glycolysis with differential accumulation of lactate, alanine, succinate, as well as 2,3-butanediol (previously not reported for vertebrates as an end product of glycolysis) and depletion of aspartate. We also observed statistically significant changes in concentrations of certain osmolytes and choline-related compounds. Low succinate/fumarate ratio and high glutathione levels indicate adaptations to reoxygenation stress. Our data suggest that maintenance of the ATP/ADP pool is not required for survival of R. amurensis, in contrast to anoxia-tolerant turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei V Shekhovtsov
- Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia.
- Kurchatov Genomic Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Nina A Bulakhova
- Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia
- Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina A Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Daniil I Berman
- Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia
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24
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Frankfater C, Bozeman SL, Hsu FF, Andley UP. Alpha-crystallin mutations alter lens metabolites in mouse models of human cataracts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238081. [PMID: 32833997 PMCID: PMC7446835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts are a major cause of blindness worldwide and commonly occur in individuals over 70 years old. Cataracts can also appear earlier in life due to genetic mutations. The lens proteins, αA- and αB-crystallins, are chaperone proteins that have important roles maintaining protein solubility to prevent cataract formation. Mutations in the CRYAA and CRYAB crystallin genes are associated with autosomal dominant early onset human cataracts. Although studies about the proteomic and genomic changes that occur in cataracts have been reported, metabolomics studies are very limited. Here, we directly investigated cataract metabolism using gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the metabolites in adult Cryaa-R49C and Cryab-R120G knock-in mouse lenses. The most abundant metabolites were myo-inositol, L-(+)-lactic acid, cholesterol, phosphate, glycerol phosphate, palmitic and 9-octadecenoic acids, α-D-mannopyranose, and β-D-glucopyranose. Cryaa-R49C knock-in mouse lenses had a significant decrease in the number of sugars and minor sterols, which occurred in concert with an increase in lactic acid. Cholesterol composition was unchanged. In contrast, Cryab-R120G knock-in lenses exhibited increased total amino acid content including valine, alanine, serine, leucine, isoleucine, glycine, and aspartic acid. Minor sterols, including cholest-7-en-3-ol and glycerol phosphate were decreased. These studies indicate that lenses from Cryaa-R49C and Cryab-R120G knock-in mice, which are models for human cataracts, have unique amino acid and metabolite profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Frankfater
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L. Bozeman
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Usha P. Andley
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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25
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Nazifova-Tasinova N, Radeva M, Galunska B, Grupcheva C. Metabolomic analysis in ophthalmology. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2020; 164:236-246. [PMID: 32690974 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2020.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern science takes into account phenotype complexity and establishes approaches to track changes on every possible level. Many "omics" studies have been developed over the last decade. Metabolomic analysis enables dynamic measurement of the metabolic response of a living system to a variety of stimuli or genetic modifications. Important targets of metabolomics is biomarker development and translation to the clinic for personalized diagnosis and a greater understanding of disease pathogenesis. The current review highlights the major aspects of metabolomic analysis and its applications for the identification of relevant predictive, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for some ocular diseases including dry eye, keratoconus, retinal diseases, macular degeneration, and glaucoma. To date, possible biomarker candidates for dry eye disease are lipid metabolites and androgens, for keratoconus cytokeratins, urea, citrate cycle, and oxidative stress metabolites. Palmitoylcarnitine, sphingolipids, vitamin D related metabolites, and steroid precursors may be used for distinguishing glaucoma patients from healthy controls. Dysregulation of amino acid and carnitine metabolism is critical in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Further work is needed to discover and validate metabolic biomarkers as a powerful tool for understanding the molecular mechanisms of ocular diseases, to provide knowledge on their etiology and pathophysiology and opportunities for personalized clinical intervention at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neshe Nazifova-Tasinova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 84 Tzar Osvoboditel street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Mladena Radeva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, 15 Doyran street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bistra Galunska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular medicine and Nutrigenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Varna, 84 Tzar Osvoboditel street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Christina Grupcheva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, 15 Doyran street, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
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Zelentsova EA, Yanshole LV, Melnikov AD, Kudryavtsev IS, Novoselov VP, Tsentalovich YP. Post-mortem changes in metabolomic profiles of human serum, aqueous humor and vitreous humor. Metabolomics 2020; 16:80. [PMID: 32613532 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Application of metabolomic methods to forensic studies may expand the limits of the post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation, and improve the accuracy of the estimation. To this end, it is important to determine which tissue is the most suitable for analysis, and which compounds are the most promising candidates for PMI estimation. OBJECTIVES This work is aimed at the comparison of human serum, aqueous humor (AH), and vitreous humor (VH) as perspective tissues for metabolomic-based PMI estimation, at the determination of most promising PMI biomarkers, and at the development of method of PMI estimation based on the measurement of concentrations of PMI biomarkers. METHODS Quantitative metabolomic profiling of samples of the human serum, AH, and VH taken at different PMIs has been performed with the use of NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS It is found that the metabolomic changes in anatomically isolated ocular fluids are slower and smoother than that in blood. A good positive time correlation (Pearson coefficient r > 0.5) was observed for several metabolites, including hypoxanthine, choline, creatine, betaine, glutamate, and glycine. A model for PMI estimation based on concentrations of several metabolites in AH and VH is proposed. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results demonstrate that the metabolomic analysis of AH and VH is more suitable for the PMI estimation than that of serum. The compounds with good positive time correlation can be considered as potential PMI biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Lyudmila V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Arsenty D Melnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Ivan S Kudryavtsev
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Bureau of Forensic Medicine, Nemirovicha-Danchenko 134, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630087
| | - Vladimir P Novoselov
- Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Bureau of Forensic Medicine, Nemirovicha-Danchenko 134, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630087
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
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Jin J, Sun Q, Wu Z, Liu K, Song Z, Su L. 1H-NMR analysis of amino acid metabolism in aqueous humor of patients with cataract, according to diabetes status. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520934658. [PMID: 32588698 PMCID: PMC7323282 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520934658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the differences in amino acid metabolism in aqueous humor of patients with cataract, according to diabetes status, using a 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance approach. Methods Aqueous humor samples from patients with age-related cataract, with or without diabetes, were collected during cataract surgery. All samples underwent nuclear magnetic resonance spectra analysis to characterize their metabolic function. Potential metabolic pathways were analyzed via MetaboAnalyst 3.0. Results This study included eight aqueous humor samples from patients with cataract and diabetes and eight aqueous humor samples from age- and sex-matched patients with cataract alone. Four metabolites were found to significantly differ in the aqueous humor of patients with cataract and diabetes, relative to patients with cataract alone; these metabolites were glucose (higher in patients with diabetes), valine, lysine, and tyrosine (all lower in patients with diabetes). Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis was presumed to be involved in the metabolic differences observed in patients with cataract, according to diabetes status. Conclusions The amino acid metabolic profile in the aqueous humor differed among patients with cataract, according to diabetes status. Disturbance of amino acid metabolism in the aqueous humor may be related to cataract formation in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zan Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Shibei Hospital of Jingan District, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyu Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Wojakowska A, Pietrowska M, Widlak P, Dobrowolski D, Wylęgała E, Tarnawska D. Metabolomic Signature Discriminates Normal Human Cornea from Keratoconus-A Pilot GC/MS Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122933. [PMID: 32630577 PMCID: PMC7356237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular etiology of keratoconus (KC), a pathological condition of the human cornea, remains unclear. The aim of this work was to perform profiling of metabolites and identification of features discriminating this pathology from the normal cornea. The combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques has been applied for profiling and identification of metabolites in corneal buttons from 6 healthy controls and 7 KC patients. An untargeted GC/MS-based approach allowed the detection of 377 compounds, including 46 identified unique metabolites, whose levels enabled the separation of compared groups of samples in unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis. There were 13 identified metabolites whose levels differentiated between groups of samples. Downregulation of several carboxylic acids, fatty acids, and steroids was observed in KC when compared to the normal cornea. Metabolic pathways associated with compounds that discriminated both groups were involved in energy production, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. An observed signature may reflect cellular processes involved in the development of KC pathology, including oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wojakowska
- European Centre for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Monika Pietrowska
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Piotr Widlak
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland; (M.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Dariusz Dobrowolski
- Department of Ophthalmology & Tissue and Cells Bank, St. Barbara Hospital, Trauma Center, Plac Medyków 1, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
- Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Medical Science in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Panewnicka 65, 40-760 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Edward Wylęgała
- Chair and Clinical Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Medical Science in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Panewnicka 65, 40-760 Katowice, Poland;
- Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital, Panewnicka 65, 40-760 Katowice, Poland
| | - Dorota Tarnawska
- Department of Ophthalmology, District Railway Hospital, Panewnicka 65, 40-760 Katowice, Poland
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Silesian Center for Education and Interdisciplinary Research, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Luo Y, Cui HP, Liu Y, Chen L. Metabolomics and biomarkers in ocular matrix: beyond ocular diseases. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:991-1003. [PMID: 32566514 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.06.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the recent report, there are 870 million people suffer from ocular diseases worldwide. The present approaches for diagnosis are morphological examination, imaging examination and immunological examination, regrettably, they lack of sensitivity and difficult to make a definite diagnosis in the early stage. Systemic biology as an effective method has been used in clinical diagnosis and treatment for diseases, especially metabolomics which is more attractive with high sensitivity and accuracy. Although previous researches had been confirmed that endogenous metabolites in the ocular matrix play a crucial role in the progress of diseases related diseases, the standard protocols and systematic summary about the biomarker researches based on ocular matrix has not been established. This review article highlights the pretreatment for ocular matrix and the new biomarkers expressed by the eye diseases, expected to promote the application of biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Pei Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
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30
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Lim JC, Grey AC, Zahraei A, Donaldson PJ. Age‐dependent changes in glutathione metabolism pathways in the lens: New insights into therapeutic strategies to prevent cataract formation—A review. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 48:1031-1042. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C. Lim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand National Eye Center University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Angus C. Grey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand National Eye Center University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Ali Zahraei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand National Eye Center University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Paul J. Donaldson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand National Eye Center University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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31
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Zhuravleva YS, Morozova OB, Tsentalovich YP, Sherin PS. Proton-coupled electron transfer as the mechanism of reaction between triplet state of kynurenic acid and tryptophan. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Savina ED, Tsentalovich YP, Sherin PS. UV-A induced damage to lysozyme via Type I photochemical reactions sensitized by kynurenic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:482-493. [PMID: 31751763 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work we studied the mechanisms of Type I photodamage to a model protein, hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL), sensitized by kynurenic acid (KNA) - one of the most efficient photosensitizers of the human eye lens present in trace amounts within tissue. The kynurenic acid radical, KNA•-, formed in the quenching of triplet KNA by HEWL, can be readily oxidized by molecular oxygen with the formation of superoxide anion radical O2•-. This leads to two ways of damage to proteins: either via the direct reactions between KNA•- and HEWL• radicals (Type Ia) or via the reactions between superoxide anion O2•- and HEWL• radicals (Type Ib). Our results demonstrate significant degradation of the protein during Type Ia photolysis with the formation of various oligomeric and oxygenated forms of HEWL and several deoxygenated products of KNA. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the cross-linking of HEWL via tryptophan (Trp62) and tyrosine (Tyr23) residues and, for the first time, the covalent binding of KNA to protein via tryptophan (Trp62 and Trp123) residues. It was found that Type Ib reactions lead to substantially smaller damage to HEWL; the degradation quantum yields (Φdeg) of HEWL are 1.3 ± 0.3% and 0.12 ± 0.03% for Type Ia and Ib photolyses, respectively. Low Φdeg values for both types of photolysis indicate the Back Electron Transfer (BET) with the restoration of initial reagents as the main radical decay path with significantly higher BET efficiency in the case of Type Ib reactions. Therefore, in essentially oxygen-free tissues like the eye lens, the direct radical reactions via Type Ia mechanism could induce significantly larger damage to proteins, leading to their cross-linking and oxidation. The accumulation of these modifications can cause the development of various diseases, in particular, cataracts in the eye lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D Savina
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Peter S Sherin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Fucose Ameliorates Tryptophan Metabolism and Behavioral Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Chronic Colitis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020445. [PMID: 32053891 PMCID: PMC7071335 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that intestinal mucosa homeostasis impacts immunity, metabolism, the Central Nervous System (CNS), and behavior. Here, we investigated the effect of the monosaccharide fucose on inflammation, metabolism, intestinal microbiota, and social behavior in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-induced chronic colitis mouse model. Our data show that chronic colitis is accompanied by the decrease of the serum tryptophan level and the depletion of the intestinal microbiota, specifically tryptophan-producing E. coli and Bifidobacterium. These changes are associated with defects in the male mouse social behavior such as a lack of preference towards female bedding in an odor preference test. The addition of fucose to the test animals' diet altered the bacterial community, increased the abundance of tryptophan-producing E. coli, normalized blood tryptophan levels, and ameliorated social behavior deficits. At the same time, we observed no ameliorating effect of fucose on colon morphology and colitis. Our results suggest a possible mechanism by which intestinal inflammation affects social behavior in male mice. We propose fucose as a promising prebiotic, since it creates a favorable environment for the beneficial bacteria that promote normalization of serum tryptophan level and amelioration of the behavioral abnormalities in the odor preference test.
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Tsentalovich YP, Yanshole VV, Yanshole LV, Zelentsova EA, Melnikov AD, Sagdeev RZ. Seasonal Variations and Interspecific Differences in Metabolomes of Freshwater Fish Tissues: Quantitative Metabolomic Profiles of Lenses and Gills. Metabolites 2019; 9:E264. [PMID: 31684114 PMCID: PMC6918250 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work represents the first comprehensive report on quantitative metabolomic composition of tissues of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) and Siberian roach (Rutilus rutilus lacustris). The total of 68 most abundant metabolites are identified and quantified in the fish lenses and gills by the combination of LC-MS and NMR. It is shown that the concentrations of some compounds in the lens are much higher than that in the gills; that indicates the importance of these metabolites for the adaptation to the specific living conditions and maintaining the homeostasis of the fish lens. The lens metabolome undergoes significant seasonal changes due to the variations of dissolved oxygen level and fish feeding activity. The most season-affected metabolites are osmolytes and antioxidants, and the most affected metabolic pathway is the histidine pathway. In late autumn, the major lens osmolytes are N-acetyl-histidine and threonine phosphoethanolamine (Thr-PETA), while in winter the highest concentrations were observed for serine phosphoethanolamine (Ser-PETA) and myo-inositol. The presence of Thr-PETA and Ser-PETA in fish tissues and their role in cell osmotic protection are reported for the first time. The obtained concentrations can be used as baseline levels for studying the influence of environmental factors on fish health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Vadim V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Lyudmila V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina A Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Arsenty D Melnikov
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Renad Z Sagdeev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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Yazdani M, Elgstøen KBP, Rootwelt H, Shahdadfar A, Utheim ØA, Utheim TP. Tear Metabolomics in Dry Eye Disease: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3755. [PMID: 31374809 PMCID: PMC6695908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial syndrome that can be caused by alteration in the quality or quantity of the precorneal tear film. It is considered one of the most common ocular conditions leading patients to seek eye care. The current method for diagnostic evaluations and follow-up examinations of DED is a combination of clinical signs and symptoms determined by clinical tests and questionnaires, respectively. The application of powerful omics technologies has opened new avenues toward analysis of subjects in health and disease. Metabolomics is a new emerging and complementary research discipline to all modern omics in the comprehensive analysis of biological systems. The identification of distinct metabolites and integrated metabolic profiles in patients can potentially inform clinicians at an early stage or during monitoring of disease progression, enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, and the choice of therapy. In ophthalmology, metabolomics has gained considerable attention over the past decade but very limited such studies have been reported on DED. This paper aims to review the application of tear metabolomics in DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Yazdani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway.
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, 0366 Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Helge Rootwelt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, 0027 Oslo, Norway
| | - Aboulghassem Shahdadfar
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- The Norwegian Dry Eye Clinic, 0366 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, 0450 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3019 Drammen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, 4011 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, 4604 Arendal, Norway
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway
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Snytnikova OA, Khlichkina AA, Sagdeev RZ, Tsentalovich YP. Evaluation of sample preparation protocols for quantitative NMR-based metabolomics. Metabolomics 2019; 15:84. [PMID: 31127446 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1545-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quantification of metabolites in biological fluids and tissues by NMR spectroscopy is challenged by the presence of abundant macromolecules and lipoproteins in samples, which give broad signals in the NMR spectra. To improve the quality of NMR spectra the different protocols for protein and lipid removal from the sample are used. OBJECTIVES This work is aimed at the evaluation of the effectiveness of various methods of purification of blood serum from proteins and lipids for 1H NMR metabolomic profiling. METHODS The advantages and limitations of different methods of the sample preparation for NMR-based quantitative metabolomics have been compared, including ultrafiltration, methanol and ethanol extractions with and without additional lipid removal, and methanol-chloroform extraction. RESULTS The concentrations of 30 abundant metabolites extracted from human blood serum have been measured. It is found that ultrafiltration provides the best lipid removal, but causes significant and inhomogeneous metabolite losses. Ethanol and methanol extractions demonstrate similar performance with the minimal metabolite losses, and are ideal for fluids and tissues with low lipid content. The additional purification of alcohol extracts from lipids allows for the significant improving of NMR spectra, but causes additional metabolite losses. CONCLUSIONS The methanol-chloroform extraction seems to be an optimal method for tissues with the high lipid content, providing a satisfactory lipid removal and low metabolite losses. The ultrafiltration leads to large losses of metabolites (up to 60%) and for this reason is not suitable for quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Anastasiya A Khlichkina
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Renad Z Sagdeev
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Demarais NJ, Donaldson PJ, Grey AC. Age-related spatial differences of human lens UV filters revealed by negative ion mode MALDI imaging mass spectrometry. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:146-151. [PMID: 31004573 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan-derived UV filters are predominantly found in the lenses of primates and humans. While protective against UV radiation, aging alters the complement and spatial distributions of human lens UV filters, and a role for UV filters has been suggested in age-related cataract formation. To establish how the spatial distributions of UV filters change in normal human lens aging, matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation-imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) was utilised to map the locations and relative abundance of multiple UV filters simultaneously. Frozen human lenses were cryosectioned axially, and the 20 μm-thick sections coated with MALDI matrix via robotic sprayer and analysed using negative ion mode MALDI-Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance MS. While signal for many UV filters was detected throughout the lenses, signal intensity was generally highest in the central (embryonic) nucleus and decreased uniformly in outer (foetal, juvenile, adult) nuclear and cortical regions, and many UV filter signals declined with age. In contrast, two antioxidant-conjugated UV filters (Cys-3-OHKG and GSH-3-OHKG) were restricted to the lens nucleus and their relative signal increased with increasing lens age. The enhanced spatial resolution of MALDI-IMS over manual trephine dissection techniques and its multiplex capability allowed the spatial relationships between lens UV filters to be established and explored in relation to aging. Together these results confirmed that the complement of UV filters in each lens is dynamic and undergoes significant age-related changes. In the future, this information could be used to compare with other lens biomolecule changes to better understand the lens aging process and age-related cataract formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Demarais
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Paul J Donaldson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Angus C Grey
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Yanshole VV, Yanshole LV, Snytnikova OA, Tsentalovich YP. Quantitative metabolomic analysis of changes in the lens and aqueous humor under development of age-related nuclear cataract. Metabolomics 2019; 15:29. [PMID: 30830501 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1495-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolites are essential for the proper functioning of the eye lens, they either enter the lens from the aqueous humor (AH), or are synthesized in the lens epithelium. Antioxidants, osmolytes and UV filters are especially important for the lens protection, and their lack may cause the development of ophthalmic diseases. OBJECTIVES Comparison of the metabolomic compositions of lenses and AH taken from cataract patients with that taken from human cadavers without cataract can shed light onto molecular mechanisms underlying onset of age-related nuclear cataract. METHODS Combined use of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and high performance liquid chromatography with optical and high-resolution mass spectrometric detection for the identification and quantification of metabolites in the lens and AH extracts. RESULTS The concentrations of 86 metabolites were determined for four groups of samples, including lenses and AH from cataract patients and from human cadavers. In cataractous lens the most abundant metabolites are (in descending order): myo-inositol, lactate, acetate, glutamate, glutathione; in AH-lactate, glucose, glutamine, alanine, valine. The concentrations of the majority of metabolites in normal post-mortem samples of both lens and AH are higher than that in samples from the cataract patients. CONCLUSIONS Comparison of metabolite concentrations in lens and corresponding AH reveal that the most important for the lens protection metabolites are synthesized in the lens epithelial cells. The reduced levels of antioxidants, UV filters, and osmolytes were found in the cataractous lenses what cannot be explained by post-mortem changes in normal lens; that indicates that the age-related nuclear cataract development may originate from the dysfunction of the lens epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
| | - Lyudmila V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Olga A Snytnikova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
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Zelentsova EA, Yanshole VV, Tsentalovich YP. A novel method of sample homogenization with the use of a microtome-cryostat apparatus. RSC Adv 2019; 9:37809-37817. [PMID: 35541765 PMCID: PMC9075820 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06808b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative metabolomics places high demands on sample preparation, including a high degree of metabolite extraction and controlled sample weight. In respect to elastic collagen-rich tissues, the existing methods of sample homogenization poorly fit these demands due to incomplete homogenization, sample material loss, or metabolite degradation. Herein, a novel method based on the use of a microtome-cryostat apparatus is proposed. The performance of the cryotome method is compared with the results obtained with the use of a vortex bead beating. NMR-based metabolomic analysis shows that the extraction efficiency and the data scattering for both methods of sample preparation are similar. However, the heat generation during the bead beating causes the destruction of thermally-unstable compounds; besides, it may cause protein hydrolysis, leading to an artificial increase in the amino acid level. The cryotome method of sample homogenization does not cause sample heating, and it seems to be ideal for elastic tissues. A novel method of homogenization of elastic tissues does not cause sample heating and material losses.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Vadim V. Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Yuri P. Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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40
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Zhuravleva YS, Tsentalovich YP. Acid-alkaline properties of triplet state and radical of kynurenic acid. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ji Y, Rong X, Lu Y. Metabolic characterization of human aqueous humor in the cataract progression after pars plana vitrectomy. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:63. [PMID: 29486760 PMCID: PMC5830316 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0729-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) has become the third most commonly performed surgery in the world, it can also induce multiple post complications easily. Among them, cataract progression is the most frequent one that can lead to blindness eventually. METHODS To understand the underlying mechanisms of post PPV cataract progression, we performed comprehensive metabolic characterization of aqueous humor (AH) samples from 20 cataract patients (10 post PPV complication and 10 none PPV cataract) by a non-targeted metabolomic analysis using gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC/TOF MS). RESULTS A total of 263 metabolites were identified and eight of them are determined to be significantly different (VIP ≥ 1 and p ≤ 0.05) between post PPV group and none PPV control group. The significantly changed metabolites included glutaric acid and pelargonic acid that play key roles in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we constructed a metabolic regulatory network in each group based on metabolite-metabolite correlations, which reveals key metabolic pathways and regulatory elements including amino acids and lipids metabolisms that are related to cataract progression. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, this work discovered some potential metabolite biomarkers for post PPV cataract diagnostics, as well as casted some novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of cataract progression after PPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xianfang Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Myopia of State Health Ministry, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Sherin PS, Tsentalovich YP, Vauthey E, Benassi E. Ultrafast excited state decay of natural UV filters: from intermolecular hydrogen bonds to a conical intersection. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:15074-15085. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02183j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unsaturated bond in the side chain leads to the ultrafast decay of the excited statesviaa conical intersection independent of solvent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S. Sherin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
| | - Yuri P. Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Geneva
- Geneva
- Switzerland
| | - Enrico Benassi
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
- School of Science and Technology
- Nazarbayev University
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Sormacheva ED, Sherin PS, Tsentalovich YP. Dimerization and oxidation of tryptophan in UV-A photolysis sensitized by kynurenic acid. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:372-384. [PMID: 29024806 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced generation of radicals in the eye lens may play an important role in the modification of proteins leading to their coloration, aggregation, and insolubilization. The radicals can be formed via the reactions of photoexcited endogenous chromophores of the human lens with lens proteins, in particular with tryptophan residues. In the present work we studied the reactions induced by UV-A (315-400nm) light between kynurenic acid (KNA), an effective photosensitizer present in the human lens, and N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (NTrpH) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Our results show that the reaction mechanism strongly depends on the presence of oxygen in solution. Under aerobic conditions, the generation of singlet oxygen is the major channel of the effective NTrpH oxidation. In argon-bubbled solutions, the quenching of triplet KNA by NTrpH results in the formation of KNA•- and NTrp• radicals. Under laser pulse irradiation, when the radical concentration is high, the main pathway of the radical decay is the back electron transfer with the restoration of initial reagents. Other reactions include (i) the radical combination yielding NTrp dimers and (ii) the oxygen atom transfer from KNA•- to NTrp• with the formation of oxidized NTrp species and deoxygenated KNA products. In continuous-wave photolysis, even trace amounts of molecular oxygen are sufficient to oxidize the majority of KNA•- radicals with the rate constant of (2.0 ± 0.2) × 109M-1s-1, leading to the restoration of KNA and the formation of superoxide radical O2•-. The latter reacts with NTrp• via either the radical combination to form oxidized NTrp (minor pathway), or the electron transfer to restore NTrpH in the ground state (major pathway). As the result, the quantum yields of the starting compound decomposition under continuous-wave anaerobic photolysis are rather low: 1.6% for NTrpH and 0.02% for KNA. The photolysis of KNA with alpha-crystallin yields the same deoxygenated KNA products as the photolysis of KNA with NTrpH, indicating the similarity of the photolysis mechanisms. Thus, inside the eye lens KNA can sensitize both protein photooxidation and protein covalent cross-linking with the minor self-degradation. This may play an important role in the lens protein modifications during the normal aging and cataract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina D Sormacheva
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090 Novosibisrk, Russia
| | - Peter S Sherin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090 Novosibisrk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibisrk, Russia.
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3A, 630090 Novosibisrk, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibisrk, Russia
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Zelentsova EA, Yanshole LV, Fursova AZ, Tsentalovich YP. Optical properties of the human lens constituents. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28624737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The absorption and fluorescence properties of the metabolomic (MET), water-soluble and urea-soluble protein fractions from the middle-age, aged, and cataractous human lenses have been measured. At 280nm and 300nm the major lens absorbers are crystallins, which absorb more than 90% of light in the UV-B region (280-315nm). In middle-aged lenses, the absorption at 360nm is mostly provided by UV filters contained in the MET fraction. With aging, and especially with the cataract development, the absorption of MET fraction in UV-A region (315-400nm) decreases due to the drop of the UV filter concentration, while the absorption of protein fractions increases due to the accumulation of post-translational modifications. Consequently, the contribution of the MET fraction into the total lens absorption at 360nm decays from 63% in middle-aged lenses to 25% in aged lenses to 3% in cataractous lenses. The fluorescence yield of the MET fraction from cataractous lenses also significantly increases. Therefore, the protection of the lens tissue against UV radiation in aged and cataractous lenses weakens: the absorption of UV-A light is mostly provided by modified crystallins and non-UV-filter metabolites, which are photochemically more active than the UV filters. The obtained data indicate that the aged and cataractous human lenses are more vulnerable to UV-A light than the middle-aged lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Zelentsova
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Lyudmila V Yanshole
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Anjella Zh Fursova
- Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Hospital, Nemirovicha-Danchenko 130, Novosibirsk 630087, Russia
| | - Yuri P Tsentalovich
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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45
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Remø SC, Hevrøy EM, Breck O, Olsvik PA, Waagbø R. Lens metabolomic profiling as a tool to understand cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout reared at optimum and high temperature. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175491. [PMID: 28419112 PMCID: PMC5395160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periods of high or fluctuating seawater temperatures result in several physiological challenges for farmed salmonids, including an increased prevalence and severity of cataracts. The aim of the present study was to compare cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) reared at two temperatures, and investigate whether temperature influences lens metabolism and cataract development. Atlantic salmon (101±2 g) and rainbow trout (125±3 g) were reared in seawater at either 13°C (optimum for growth) or 19°C during the 35 days experiment (n = 4 tanks for each treatment). At the end of the experiment, the prevalence of cataracts was nearly 100% for Atlantic salmon compared to ~50% for rainbow trout, irrespective of temperature. The severity of the cataracts, as evaluated by slit-lamp inspection of the lens, was almost three fold higher in Atlantic salmon compared to rainbow trout. The global metabolic profile revealed differences in lens composition and metabolism between the two species, which may explain the observed differences in cataract susceptibility between the species. The largest differences were seen in the metabolism of amino acids, especially the histidine metabolism, and this was confirmed by a separate quantitative analysis. The global metabolic profile showed temperature dependent differences in the lens carbohydrate metabolism, osmoregulation and redox homeostasis. The results from the present study give new insight in cataractogenesis in Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout reared at high temperature, in addition to identifying metabolic markers for cataract development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Charlotte Remø
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Ernst Morten Hevrøy
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Pål Asgeir Olsvik
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Bergen, Norway
| | - Rune Waagbø
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), Bergen, Norway
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Hocher B, Adamski J. Metabolomics for clinical use and research in chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2017; 13:269-284. [PMID: 28262773 DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in the general population and is associated with high mortality; a need therefore exists for better biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression and therapy stratification. Moreover, very sensitive biomarkers are needed in drug development and clinical research to increase understanding of the efficacy and safety of potential and existing therapies. Metabolomics analyses can identify and quantify all metabolites present in a given sample, covering hundreds to thousands of metabolites. Sample preparation for metabolomics requires a very fast arrest of biochemical processes. Present key technologies for metabolomics are mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which require sophisticated biostatistic and bioinformatic data analyses. The use of metabolomics has been instrumental in identifying new biomarkers of CKD such as acylcarnitines, glycerolipids, dimethylarginines and metabolites of tryptophan, the citric acid cycle and the urea cycle. Biomarkers such as c-mannosyl tryptophan and pseudouridine have better performance in CKD stratification than does creatinine. Future challenges in metabolomics analyses are prospective studies and deconvolution of CKD biomarkers from those of other diseases such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory conditions, stress and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Hocher
- Department of Basic Medicine, Medical College of Hunan University, 410006 Changsha, China
| | - Jerzy Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Rakete S, Nagaraj RH. UVA Light-mediated Ascorbate Oxidation in Human Lenses. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:1091-1095. [PMID: 28084012 DOI: 10.1111/php.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Whether ascorbate oxidation is promoted by UVA light in human lenses and whether this process is influenced by age and GSH levels are not known. In this study, we used paired lenses from human donors. One lens of each pair was exposed to UVA light, whereas the other lens was kept in the dark for the same period of time as the control. Using LC-MS/MS analyses, we found that older lenses (41-73 years) were more susceptible to UVA-induced ascorbate oxidation than younger lenses (18-40 years). Approximately 36% of the ascorbate (relative to control) was oxidized in older lenses compared to ~16% in younger lenses. Furthermore, lenses with higher levels of GSH were less susceptible to UVA-induced ascorbate oxidation compared to those with lower levels, and this effect was not dependent on age. The oxidation of ascorbate led to elevated levels of reactive α-dicarbonyl compounds. In summary, our study showed that UVA light exposure leads to ascorbate oxidation in human lenses and that such oxidation is more pronounced in aged lenses and is inversely related to GSH levels. Our findings suggest that UVA light exposure could lead to protein aggregation through ascorbate oxidation in human lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rakete
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Ram H Nagaraj
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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López-Valverde G, Garcia-Martin E, Fernández-Mateos J, Cruz-González F, Larrosa-Povés JM, Polo-Llorens V, Pablo-Júlvez LE, González-Sarmiento R. Study of association between pre-senile cataracts and rs11615 of ERCC1, rs13181 of ERCC2, and rs25487 of XRCC1 polymorphisms in a Spanish population. Ophthalmic Genet 2016; 38:314-319. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2016.1217548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria López-Valverde
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royo Villanova Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Mateos
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University of Salamanca-University Hospital of Salamanca CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - José M. Larrosa-Povés
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vicente Polo-Llorens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis E. Pablo-Júlvez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, University of Salamanca-University Hospital of Salamanca CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
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Study of Association between Pre-Senile Cataracts and the Polymorphisms rs2228000 in XPC and rs1042522 in p53 in Spanish Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156317. [PMID: 27248495 PMCID: PMC4889128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine if the presence of certain polymorphisms in the DNA repair gene XPC and the apoptosis inductor gene p53 is associated with pre-senile cataract development. Methods We have performed a retrospective study over three groups of patients. The group with pre-senile cataract formed by 72 patients younger than 55 with cataract surgery. The group with senile cataract formed by 101 patients older than 55 with cataract surgery. The group without cataract was formed by 42 subjects older than 55 without lens opacities. We analyzed the presence of SNP rs2228000 from XPC and rs1042522 from p53; and the relationship between risk factors such as smoking, alcohol intake, hypertension or diabetes. Results The comparison of the genotype distribution in XPC, within the different groups, did not show any statistically significant association in any of our analysis (p>0,05). The comparison of the genotype distribution in p53 within the different groups did not show any statistically significant association (p>0,05); except for the comparison between the pre-senile cataract group and the group with senile cataract where the genotype Pro/Pro (C/C) in the recessive inheritance model showed a higher risk for developing pre-senile cataract (p = 0,031; OR = 1.04–15.97). This association decreased when we performed the analysis adjusting by the studied risk factors (p = 0.056). Conclusions Allelic variants in the gene XPC are not associated with an increased risk for developing pre-senile cataract. The presence of the genotype Pro/Pro in p53 might be associated with a major risk for developing pre-senile cataract.
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50
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Tan SZ, Begley P, Mullard G, Hollywood KA, Bishop PN. Introduction to metabolomics and its applications in ophthalmology. Eye (Lond) 2016; 30:773-83. [PMID: 26987591 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2016.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is the study of endogenous and exogenous metabolites in biological systems, which aims to provide comparative semi-quantitative information about all metabolites in the system. Metabolomics is an emerging and potentially powerful tool in ophthalmology research. It is therefore important for health professionals and researchers involved in the speciality to understand the basic principles of metabolomics experiments. This article provides an overview of the experimental workflow and examples of its use in ophthalmology research from the study of disease metabolism and pathogenesis to identification of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Tan
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Department of Ophthalmology, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - P Begley
- Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - G Mullard
- Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - K A Hollywood
- Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.,Faculty of Life Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P N Bishop
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Department of Ophthalmology, Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK.,Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics (CADET), Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
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