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Mangrulkar SV, Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Upaganlawar AB, Taksande BG, Umekar MJ, Anwer MK, Dailah HG, Mohan S, Behl T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Signaling Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Major Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:708-729. [PMID: 37162686 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD) are incurable and the most prevalent cognitive and motor disorders of elderly. Mitochondria are essential for a wide range of cellular processes playing a pivotal role in a number of cellular functions like metabolism, intracellular signaling, apoptosis, and immunity. A plethora of evidence indicates the central role of mitochondrial functions in pathogenesis of many aging related NDD. Considering how mitochondria function in neurodegenerative diseases, oxidative stress, and mutations in mtDNA both contribute to aging. Many substantial reports suggested the involvement of numerous contributing factors including, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitophagy, accumulation of somatic mtDNA mutations, compromised mitochondrial dynamics, and transport within axons in neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Therapies therefore target fundamental mitochondrial processes such as energy metabolism, free-radical generation, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial redox state, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial protein synthesis, mitochondrial quality control, and metabolism hold great promise to develop pharmacological based therapies in NDD. By emphasizing the most efficient pharmacological strategies to target dysfunction of mitochondria in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, this review serves the scientific community engaged in translational medical science by focusing on the establishment of novel, mitochondria-targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Shantabai Patil College of Diploma in Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nasik, Maharashta, India
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 16278, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
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2
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Onikanni SA, Lawal B, Oyinloye BE, Ajiboye BO, Ulziijargal S, Wang CH, Emran TB, Simal-Gandara J. Mitochondrial defects in pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic applications. Life Sci 2022; 312:121247. [PMID: 36450327 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria malfunction is linked to the development of β-cell failure and a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Pancreatic β-cells are normally configured to detect glucose and other food secretagogues in order to adjust insulin exocytosis and maintain glucose homeostasis. As a result of the increased glucose level, mitochondria metabolites and nucleotides are produced, which operate in concert with cytosolic Ca2+ to stimulate insulin secretion. Furthermore, mitochondria are the primary generators of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis regulation. Mitochondria are concentrated in synapses, and any substantial changes in synaptic mitochondria location, shape, quantity, or function might cause oxidative stress, resulting in faulty synaptic transmission, a symptom of various degenerative disorders at an early stage. However, a greater understanding of the role of mitochondria in the etiology of β-cell dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorder should pave the way for a more effective approach to addressing these health issues. This review looks at the widespread occurrence of mitochondria depletion in humans, and its significance to mitochondria biogenesis in signaling and mitophagy. Proper understanding of the processes might be extremely beneficial in ameliorating the rising worries about mitochondria biogenesis and triggering mitophagy to remove depleted mitochondria, therefore reducing disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunday Amos Onikanni
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
| | - Bashir Lawal
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria; Biotechnology and Structural Biology (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria
| | - Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye
- Institute of Drug Research and Development, SE Bogoro Center, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria; Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Sukhbat Ulziijargal
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical Chemistry and Food Science Department, Faculty of Science, E32004 Ourense, Spain.
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Lee YH, Choi D, Jang G, Park JY, Song ES, Lee H, Kuk MU, Joo J, Ahn SK, Byun Y, Park JT. Targeting regulation of ATP synthase 5 alpha/beta dimerization alleviates senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:678-707. [PMID: 35093936 PMCID: PMC8833107 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Senescence is a distinct set of changes in the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and leads to aging and age-related diseases. Here, we screened compounds that could ameliorate senescence and identified an oxazoloquinoline analog (KB1541) designed to inhibit IL-33 signaling pathway. To elucidate the mechanism of action of KB1541, the proteins binding to KB1541 were investigated, and an interaction between KB1541 and 14-3-3ζ protein was found. Specifically, KB1541 interacted with 14-3-3ζ protein and phosphorylated of 14-3-3ζ protein at serine 58 residue. This phosphorylation increased ATP synthase 5 alpha/beta dimerization, which in turn promoted ATP production through increased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) efficiency. Then, the increased OXPHOS efficiency induced the recovery of mitochondrial function, coupled with senescence alleviation. Taken together, our results demonstrate a mechanism by which senescence is regulated by ATP synthase 5 alpha/beta dimerization upon fine-tuning of KB1541-mediated 14-3-3ζ protein activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Haeng Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Doyoung Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhee Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Eun Seon Song
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Haneur Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Myeong Uk Kuk
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Junghyun Joo
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Soon Kil Ahn
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
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Zhao C, Wang Y, Yang H, Wang S, Tang MC, Cyr D, Parente F, Allard P, Waters P, Furtos A, Yang G, Mitchell GA. Propionic acidemia in mice: Liver acyl-CoA levels and clinical course. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 135:47-55. [PMID: 34896004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) is a severe autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by deficiency of propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). We studied PA transgenic (Pat) mice that lack endogenous PCC but express a hypoactive human PCCA cDNA, permitting their survival. Pat cohorts followed from 3 to 20 weeks of age showed growth failure and lethal crises of lethargy and hyperammonemia, commoner in males (27/50, 54%) than in females (11/52, 21%) and occurring mainly in Pat mice with the most severe growth deficiency. Groups of Pat mice were studied under basal conditions (P-Ba mice) and during acute crises (P-Ac). Plasma acylcarnitines in P-Ba mice, compared to controls, showed markedly elevated C3- and low C2-carnitine, with a further decrease in C2-carnitine in P-Ac mice. These clinical and biochemical findings resemble those of human PA patients. Liver acyl-CoA measurements showed that propionyl-CoA was a minor species in controls (propionyl-CoA/acetyl-CoA ratio, 0.09). In contrast, in P-Ba liver the ratio was 1.4 and in P-Ac liver, 13, with concurrent reductions of the levels of acetyl-CoA and other acyl-CoAs. Plasma ammonia levels in control, P-Ba and P-Ac mice were 109 ± 10, 311 ± 48 and 551 ± 61 μmol/L respectively. Four-week administration to Pat mice, of carglumate (N-carbamyl-L-glutamic acid), an analogue of N-carbamylglutamate, the product of the only acyl-CoA-requiring reaction directly related to the urea cycle, was associated with increased food consumption, improved growth and absence of fatal crises. Pat mice showed many similarities to human PA patients and provide a useful model for studying tissue pathophysiology and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Medical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics and Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Youlin Wang
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics and Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hao Yang
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics and Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shupei Wang
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics and Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Denis Cyr
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHU Sherbrooke and Department of Pediatrics, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fabienne Parente
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Allard
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paula Waters
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, CHU Sherbrooke and Department of Pediatrics, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra Furtos
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Grant A Mitchell
- Medical Genetics Service, Department of Pediatrics and Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Kirkman DL, Robinson AT, Rossman MJ, Seals DR, Edwards DG. Mitochondrial contributions to vascular endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular diseases. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2080-H2100. [PMID: 33834868 PMCID: PMC8163660 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00917.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects one in three adults and remains the leading cause of death in America. Advancing age is a major risk factor for CVD. Recent plateaus in CVD-related mortality rates in high-income countries after decades of decline highlight a critical need to identify novel therapeutic targets and strategies to mitigate and manage the risk of CVD development and progression. Vascular dysfunction, characterized by endothelial dysfunction and large elastic artery stiffening, is independently associated with an increased CVD risk and incidence and is therefore an attractive target for CVD prevention and management. Vascular mitochondria have emerged as an important player in maintaining vascular homeostasis. As such, age- and disease-related impairments in mitochondrial function contribute to vascular dysfunction and consequent increases in CVD risk. This review outlines the role of mitochondria in vascular function and discusses the ramifications of mitochondrial dysfunction on vascular health in the setting of age and disease. The adverse vascular consequences of increased mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species, impaired mitochondrial quality control, and defective mitochondrial calcium cycling are emphasized, in particular. Current evidence for both lifestyle and pharmaceutical mitochondrial-targeted strategies to improve vascular function is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle L Kirkman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | - Matthew J Rossman
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - David G Edwards
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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Łysek-Gładysińska M, Wieczorek A, Jóźwik A, Walaszczyk A, Jelonek K, Szczukiewicz-Markowska G, Horbańczuk OK, Pietrowska M, Widłak P, Gabryś D. Aging-Related Changes in the Ultrastructure of Hepatocytes and Cardiomyocytes of Elderly Mice Are Enhanced in ApoE-Deficient Animals. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030502. [PMID: 33652838 PMCID: PMC7996907 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is associated with various morphological and functional changes, yet the mechanisms of these phenomena remain unclear in many tissues and organs. Hyperlipidemia is among the factors putatively involved in the aging of the liver and heart. Here, we analyzed morphological, ultrastructural, and biochemical features in adult (7-month-old) and elderly (17-month-old) mice, and then compared age-related features between wild type (C57Bl/6 strain) and ApoE-deficient (transgenic ApoE−/−) animals. Increased numbers of damaged mitochondria, lysosomes, and lipid depositions were observed in the hepatocytes of elderly animals. Importantly, these aging-related changes were significantly stronger in hepatocytes from ApoE-deficient animals. An increased number of damaged mitochondria was observed in the cardiomyocytes of elderly animals. However, the difference between wild type and ApoE-deficient mice was expressed in the larger size of mitochondria detected in the transgenic animals. Moreover, a few aging-related differences were noted between wild type and ApoE-deficient mice at the level of plasma biochemical markers. Levels of cholesterol and HDL increased in the plasma of elderly ApoE−/− mice and were markedly higher than in the plasma of elderly wild type animals. On the other hand, the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) decreased in the plasma of elderly ApoE−/− mice and was markedly lower than in the plasma of elderly wild type animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Łysek-Gładysińska
- Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Jan Kochanowski, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
- Correspondence: (M.Ł.-G.); (A.J.)
| | - Anna Wieczorek
- Division of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Jan Kochanowski, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Artur Jóźwik
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology PAS, Jastrzębiec, Postępu 36A, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.Ł.-G.); (A.J.)
| | - Anna Walaszczyk
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Karol Jelonek
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; (K.J.); (M.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Grażyna Szczukiewicz-Markowska
- Department of Surgical Medicine with the Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Collegium Medicum, University of Jan Kochanowski, al. IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Olaf K. Horbańczuk
- Faculty of Human Nutrition, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Pietrowska
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; (K.J.); (M.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Piotr Widłak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland; (K.J.); (M.P.); (P.W.)
| | - Dorota Gabryś
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland;
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Ganji R, Reddy PH. Impact of COVID-19 on Mitochondrial-Based Immunity in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:614650. [PMID: 33510633 PMCID: PMC7835331 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.614650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a deadly pandemic with surging mortality rates and no cure. COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with a range of clinical symptoms, including cough, fever, chills, headache, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, muscle pain, and a loss of smell or taste. Aged individuals with compromised immunity are highly susceptible to COVID-19 and the likelihood of mortality increases with age and the presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Emerging evidence suggests that COVID-19 highjacks mitochondria of immune cells, replicates within mitochondrial structures, and impairs mitochondrial dynamics leading to cell death. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell and are largely involved in maintaining cell immunity, homeostasis, and cell survival/death. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria from COVID-19 infected cells are highly vulnerable, and vulnerability increases with age. The purpose of our article is to summarize the role of various age-related comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, and neurological diseases in increasing mortality rates amongst the elderly with COVID-19. Our article also highlights the interaction between coronavirus and mitochondrial dynamics in immune cells. We also highlight the current treatments, lifestyles, and safety measures that can help protect against COVID-19. Further research is urgently needed to understand the molecular mechanisms between the mitochondrial virus and disease progression in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Ganji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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Duranova H, Valkova V, Knazicka Z, Olexikova L, Vasicek J. Mitochondria: A worthwhile object for ultrastructural qualitative characterization and quantification of cells at physiological and pathophysiological states using conventional transmission electron microscopy. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151646. [PMID: 33128989 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic intracellular organelles with ultrastructural heterogeneity reflecting the behaviour and functions of the cells. The ultrastructural remodelling, performed by the counteracting active processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission, enables the organelles to respond to diverse cellular requirements and cues. It is also an important part of mechanisms underlying adaptation of mitochondria to pathophysiological conditions that challenge the cell homeostasis. However, if the stressor is constantly acting, the adaptive capacity of the cell can be exceeded and defective changes in mitochondrial morphology (indicating the insufficient functionality of mitochondria or development of mitochondrial disorders) may appear. Beside qualitative description of mitochondrial ultrastructure, stereological principles concerning the estimation of alterations in mitochondrial volume density or surface density are invaluable approaches for unbiased quantification of cells under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. In order to improve our understanding of cellular functions and dysfunctions, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) still remains a gold standard for qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural examination of mitochondria from various cell types, as well as from those experienced to different stimuli or toxicity-inducing factors. In the current study, general morphological and functional features of mitochondria, and their ultrastructural heterogeneity related to physiological and pathophysiological states of the cells are reviewed. Moreover, stereological approaches for accurate quantification of mitochondrial ultrastructure from electron micrographs taken from TEM are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Duranova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Veronika Valkova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Knazicka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Olexikova
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC - Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaromir Vasicek
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC - Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
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9
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Rodríguez-López S, López-Bellón S, González-Reyes JA, Burón MI, de Cabo R, Villalba JM. Mitochondrial adaptations in liver and skeletal muscle to pro-longevity nutritional and genetic interventions: the crosstalk between calorie restriction and CYB5R3 overexpression in transgenic mice. GeroScience 2020; 42:977-994. [PMID: 32323139 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction without malnutrition (CR) is considered as the most effective nongenetic nor pharmacological intervention that promotes healthy aging phenotypes and can extend lifespan in most model organisms. Lifelong CR leads to an increase of cytochrome b5 reductase-3 (CYB5R3) expression and activity. Overexpression of CYB5R3 confers some of the salutary effects of CR, although the mechanisms involved might be independent because key aspects of energy metabolism and lipid profiles of tissues go in opposite ways. It is thus important to study if some of the metabolic adaptations induced by CR are affected by CYB5R3 overexpression. CYB5R3 overexpression greatly preserved body and liver weight in mice under CR conditions. In liver, CR did not modify mitochondrial abundance, but lead to increased expression of mitofusin Mfn2 and TFAM, a transcription factor involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. These changes were prevented by CYB5R3 overexpression but resulted in a decreased expression of a different mitochondrial biogenesis-related transcription factor, Nrf1. In skeletal muscle, CR strongly increased mitochondrial mass, mitofusin Mfn1, and Nrf1. However, CYB5R3 mice on CR did not show increase in muscle mitochondrial mass, regardless of a clear increase in expression of TFAM and mitochondrial complexes in this tissue. Our results support that CYB5R3 overexpression significantly modifies the metabolic adaptations of mice to CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rodríguez-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sara López-Bellón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Isabel Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - José M Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, 14014, Córdoba, Spain.
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10
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Kowaltowski AJ, Menezes-Filho SL, Assali EA, Gonçalves IG, Cabral-Costa JV, Abreu P, Miller N, Nolasco P, Laurindo FRM, Bruni-Cardoso A, Shirihai OS. Mitochondrial morphology regulates organellar Ca 2+ uptake and changes cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis. FASEB J 2019; 33:13176-13188. [PMID: 31480917 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901136r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial size and shape have been implicated in several physiologic processes, but their role in mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake regulation and overall cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is largely unknown. Here we show that modulating mitochondrial dynamics toward increased fusion through expression of a dominant negative (DN) form of the fission protein [dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)] markedly increased both mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity and Ca2+ uptake rates in permeabilized C2C12 cells. Similar results were seen using the pharmacological fusion-promoting M1 molecule. Conversely, promoting a fission phenotype through the knockdown of the fusion protein mitofusin (MFN)-2 strongly reduced the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake speed and capacity in these cells. These changes were not dependent on modifications in mitochondrial calcium uniporter expression, inner membrane potentials, or the mitochondrial permeability transition. Implications of mitochondrial morphology modulation on cellular calcium homeostasis were measured in intact cells; mitochondrial fission promoted lower basal cellular calcium levels and lower endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium stores, as indicated by depletion with thapsigargin. Indeed, mitochondrial fission was associated with ER stress. Additionally, the calcium-replenishing process of store-operated calcium entry was impaired in MFN2 knockdown cells, whereas DRP1-DN-promoted fusion resulted in faster cytosolic Ca2+ increase rates. Overall, our results show a novel role for mitochondrial morphology in the regulation of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, which impacts cellular Ca2+ homeostasis.-Kowaltowski, A. J., Menezes-Filho, S. L., Assali, E. A., Gonçalves, I. G., Cabral-Costa, J. V., Abreu, P., Miller, N., Nolasco, P., Laurindo, F. R. M., Bruni-Cardoso, A., Shirihai, O. Mitochondrial morphology regulates organellar Ca2+ uptake and changes cellular Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio L Menezes-Filho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Essam A Assali
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Isabela G Gonçalves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Phablo Abreu
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathanael Miller
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Patricia Nolasco
- Laboratório de Biologia Vascular, Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional (LIM-64), Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco R M Laurindo
- Laboratório de Biologia Vascular, Biologia Cardiovascular Translacional (LIM-64), Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Bruni-Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, David Geffen School of Medicine, (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
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11
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Bar-Ziv R, Nguyen NT, Dillin A. Vive ut Numquam Moriturus: Tweaking Translational Control to Regulate Longevity. Mol Cell 2019; 73:643-644. [PMID: 30794792 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms regulating aging at the post-transcriptional level are not clear. In this issue of Molecular Cell,D'Amico et al. (2019) demonstrate that the translational inhibition of mitochondrial fission factor (MFF) regulates cellular homeostasis and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raz Bar-Ziv
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Ngoc-Tram Nguyen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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12
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Hu SJ, Jiang SS, Zhang J, Luo D, Yu B, Yang LY, Zhong HH, Yang MW, Liu LY, Hong FF, Yang SL. Effects of apoptosis on liver aging. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:691-704. [PMID: 30968034 PMCID: PMC6448073 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i6.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an irreversible and perennial process, aging is accompanied by functional and morphological declines in organs. Generally, aging liver exhibits a decline in volume and hepatic blood flow. Even with a preeminent regenerative capacity to restore its functions after liver cell loss, its biosynthesis and metabolism abilities decline, and these are difficult to restore to previous standards. Apoptosis is a programmed death process via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, in which Bcl-2 family proteins and apoptosis-related genes, such as p21 and p53, are involved. Apoptosis inflicts both favorable and adverse influences on liver aging. Apoptosis eliminates transformed abnormal cells but promotes age-related liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. We summarize the roles of apoptosis in liver aging and age-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Hu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Sha-Sha Jiang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Liang-Yan Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hua-Hua Zhong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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13
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Wang Y, Xu E, Musich PR, Lin F. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential countermeasure. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:816-824. [PMID: 30889315 PMCID: PMC6566063 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria not only supply the energy for cell function, but also take part in cell signaling. This review describes the dysfunctions of mitochondria in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and the signaling pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis (including PGC‐1 family proteins, SIRT1, AMPK) and mitophagy (parkin‐Pink1 pathway). Understanding the regulation of these mitochondrial pathways may be beneficial in finding pharmacological approaches or lifestyle changes (caloric restrict or exercise) to modulate mitochondrial biogenesis and/or to activate mitophagy for the removal of damaged mitochondria, thus reducing the onset and/or severity of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Erin Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Phillip R Musich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Fang Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Navarro-Hortal MD, Varela-López A, Romero-Márquez JM, Piquer-Martinez C, Bullón P, Forbes-Hernández TY, Quiles JL. Twenty-four Months Feeding on Unsaturated Dietary Fats (Virgin Olive, Sunflower, or Fish Oil) Differentially Modulate Gingival Mitochondria in the Rat. EFOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.2991/efood.k.190802.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
The biological basis of human aging remains one of the greatest unanswered scientific questions. Increasing evidence, however, points to a role for alterations in mitochondrial function as a potential central regulator of the aging process. Here, we focus primarily on three aspects of mitochondrial biology that link this ancient organelle to how and why we age. In particular, we discuss the role of mitochondria in regulating the innate immune system, the mechanisms linking mitochondrial quality control to age-dependent pathology, and the possibility that mitochondrial-to-nuclear signaling might regulate the rate of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yong Jang
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arnon Blum
- Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jie Liu
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Toren Finkel
- Aging Institute, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Guo YX, Nie HT, Xu CJ, Zhang GM, Sun LW, Zhang TT, Wang Z, Feng X, You PH, Wang F. Effects of nutrient restriction and arginine treatment on oxidative stress in the ovarian tissue of ewes during the luteal phase. Theriogenology 2018; 113:127-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Effect of caloric restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on oxidative stress in the liver of Hu sheep ram lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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Picklo MJ, Johnson L, Idso J. PPAR mRNA Levels Are Modified by Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid Restriction and Energy Restriction in the Brain and Liver of Growing Rats. J Nutr 2017; 147:161-169. [PMID: 27927977 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.237107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Without dietary sources of n-3 (ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3n-3) is the precursor for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). It is not known how energy restriction (ER) affects ALA conversion to DHA. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that ER reduces n-3 LCPUFA concentrations in tissues of growing rats fed diets replete with and deficient in ALA. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (23 d old) were provided AIN93G diets (4 wk) made with soybean oil (SO; ALA sufficient) or corn oil (CO; ALA deficient) providing 16% of energy as fat. For each dietary oil, ER rats were individually pair-fed 75% of another rat's ad libitum (AL) intake. Fatty acid (FA) concentrations in brain regions, liver, and plasma were analyzed. Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), uncoupling proteins (UCPs), and mitochondrial DNA was analyzed in the brain and liver. RESULTS AL rats consuming CO had a 65% lower concentration of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) and a 10% lower DHA concentration in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum than did the SO-AL group. ER did not alter cerebral n-3 LCPUFA status. Liver n-3 LCPUFA concentrations were reduced in rats fed CO compared with SO. ER reduced hepatic linoleic acid (18:2n-6), ALA, and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) regardless of oil. ER and n-3 FA deficiency had independent effects on the mRNA levels of Pparα, Pparβ/δ, and Pparγ in the liver, cerebral cortex, and cerebellum. ER reduced Ucp3 mRNA by nearly 50% in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and liver, and Ucp5 mRNA was 30% lower in the cerebellum of rats receiving the CO diet. CONCLUSIONS Small perturbations in PUFA concentration and ER modify the mRNA levels of Ppar and Ucp in the juvenile rat brain. More research is needed to identify the long-term physiologic and behavioral impacts of ER and PUFA restriction in the juvenile brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Picklo
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
| | - LuAnn Johnson
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Joseph Idso
- USDA Agricultural Research Service Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND
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19
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Go KL, Lee S, Behrns KE, Kim JS. Mitochondrial Damage and Mitophagy in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Liver Injury. MOLECULES, SYSTEMS AND SIGNALING IN LIVER INJURY 2017:183-219. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-58106-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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20
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Mitophagy plays a central role in mitochondrial ageing. Mamm Genome 2016; 27:381-95. [PMID: 27352213 PMCID: PMC4935730 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying ageing have been discussed for decades, and advances in molecular and cell biology of the last three decades have accelerated research in this area. Over this period, it has become clear that mitochondrial function, which plays a major role in many cellular pathways from ATP production to nuclear gene expression and epigenetics alterations, declines with age. The emerging concepts suggest novel mechanisms, involving mtDNA quality, mitochondrial dynamics or mitochondrial quality control. In this review, we discuss the impact of mitochondria in the ageing process, the role of mitochondria in reactive oxygen species production, in nuclear gene expression, the accumulation of mtDNA damage and the importance of mitochondrial dynamics and recycling. Declining mitophagy (mitochondrial quality control) may be an important component of human ageing.
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21
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Mitchell SJ, Madrigal-Matute J, Scheibye-Knudsen M, Fang E, Aon M, González-Reyes JA, Cortassa S, Kaushik S, Gonzalez-Freire M, Patel B, Wahl D, Ali A, Calvo-Rubio M, Burón MI, Guiterrez V, Ward TM, Palacios HH, Cai H, Frederick DW, Hine C, Broeskamp F, Habering L, Dawson J, Beasley TM, Wan J, Ikeno Y, Hubbard G, Becker KG, Zhang Y, Bohr VA, Longo DL, Navas P, Ferrucci L, Sinclair DA, Cohen P, Egan JM, Mitchell JR, Baur JA, Allison DB, Anson RM, Villalba JM, Madeo F, Cuervo AM, Pearson KJ, Ingram DK, Bernier M, de Cabo R. Effects of Sex, Strain, and Energy Intake on Hallmarks of Aging in Mice. Cell Metab 2016; 23:1093-1112. [PMID: 27304509 PMCID: PMC4911707 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is the most robust non-genetic intervention to delay aging. However, there are a number of emerging experimental variables that alter CR responses. We investigated the role of sex, strain, and level of CR on health and survival in mice. CR did not always correlate with lifespan extension, although it consistently improved health across strains and sexes. Transcriptional and metabolomics changes driven by CR in liver indicated anaplerotic filling of the Krebs cycle together with fatty acid fueling of mitochondria. CR prevented age-associated decline in the liver proteostasis network while increasing mitochondrial number, preserving mitochondrial ultrastructure and function with age. Abrogation of mitochondrial function negated life-prolonging effects of CR in yeast and worms. Our data illustrate the complexity of CR in the context of aging, with a clear separation of outcomes related to health and survival, highlighting complexities of translation of CR into human interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Mitchell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julio Madrigal-Matute
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Evandro Fang
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Aon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sonia Cortassa
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Susmita Kaushik
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Bindi Patel
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Devin Wahl
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Miguel Calvo-Rubio
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - María I Burón
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vincent Guiterrez
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Theresa M Ward
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hector H Palacios
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Huan Cai
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David W Frederick
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher Hine
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Filomena Broeskamp
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Habering
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - John Dawson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - T Mark Beasley
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Junxiang Wan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Yuji Ikeno
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78245-3207, USA
| | - Kevin G Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Dan L Longo
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Placido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biologia del Desarrollo, and CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - David A Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Pinchas Cohen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph A Baur
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; GRECC, Birmingham/Atlanta Veterans Administration Hospital, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - R Michael Anson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - José M Villalba
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, and BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Kevin J Pearson
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA; Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, C.T. Wethington Building, Room 591, 900 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Donald K Ingram
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70809, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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22
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Calvo‐Rubio M, Burón MI, López‐Lluch G, Navas P, de Cabo R, Ramsey JJ, Villalba JM, González‐Reyes JA. Dietary fat composition influences glomerular and proximal convoluted tubule cell structure and autophagic processes in kidneys from calorie-restricted mice. Aging Cell 2016; 15:477-87. [PMID: 26853994 PMCID: PMC4854917 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) has been repeatedly shown to prevent cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and other age-related diseases in a wide range of animals, including non-human primates and humans. In rodents, CR also increases lifespan and is a powerful tool for studying the aging process. Recently, it has been reported in mice that dietary fat plays an important role in determining lifespan extension with 40% CR. In these conditions, animals fed lard as dietary fat showed an increased longevity compared with mice fed soybean or fish oils. In this paper, we study the effect of these dietary fats on structural and physiological parameters of kidney from mice maintained on 40% CR for 6 and 18 months. Analyses were performed using quantitative electron microcopy techniques and protein expression in Western blots. CR mitigated most of the analyzed age-related parameters in kidney, such as glomerular basement membrane thickness, mitochondrial mass in convoluted proximal tubules and autophagic markers in renal homogenates. The lard group showed improved preservation of several renal structures with aging when compared to the other CR diet groups. These results indicate that dietary fat modulates renal structure and function in CR mice and plays an essential role in the determination of health span in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Calvo‐Rubio
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e InmunologíaCampus de Excelencia Internacional AgroalimentarioceiA3Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
| | - Mª Isabel Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e InmunologíaCampus de Excelencia Internacional AgroalimentarioceiA3Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
| | - Guillermo López‐Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del DesarrolloCIBERERInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIUniversidad Pablo de Olavide‐CSICSevillaSpain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del DesarrolloCIBERERInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIUniversidad Pablo de Olavide‐CSICSevillaSpain
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology BranchNational Institute of AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Jon J. Ramsey
- VM Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA
| | - José M. Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e InmunologíaCampus de Excelencia Internacional AgroalimentarioceiA3Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
| | - José A. González‐Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e InmunologíaCampus de Excelencia Internacional AgroalimentarioceiA3Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain
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López-Lluch G, Navas P. Calorie restriction as an intervention in ageing. J Physiol 2016; 594:2043-60. [PMID: 26607973 PMCID: PMC4834802 DOI: 10.1113/jp270543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing causes loss of function in tissues and organs, is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory process and affects life- and healthspan. Calorie restriction (CR) is a non-genetic intervention that prevents age-associated diseases and extends longevity in most of the animal models studied so far. CR produces a pleiotropic effect and improves multiple metabolic pathways, generating benefits to the whole organism. Among the effects of CR, modulation of mitochondrial activity and a decrease in oxidative damage are two of the hallmarks. Oxidative damage is reduced by the induction of endogenous antioxidant systems and modulation of the peroxidability index in cell membranes. Mitochondrial activity changes are regulated by inhibition of IGF-1 and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)-dependent activities and activation of AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and the sirtuin family of proteins. The activity of PGC-1α and FoxO is regulated by these systems and is involved in mitochondria biogenesis, oxidative metabolism activity and mitochondrial turnover. The use of mimetics and the regulation of common factors have demonstrated that these molecular pathways are essential to explain the effect of CR in the organism. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of CR is an interesting emerging factor to be taken into consideration. In the present revision we focus on the general effect of CR and other mimetics in longevity, focusing especially on the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Lluch
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
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24
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Mitochondrial responsibility in ageing process: innocent, suspect or guilty. Biogerontology 2015; 16:599-620. [PMID: 26105157 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by the accumulation of damaged molecules in cells due to the injury produced by external and internal stressors. Among them, reactive oxygen species produced by cell metabolism, inflammation or other enzymatic processes are considered key factors. However, later research has demonstrated that a general mitochondrial dysfunction affecting electron transport chain activity, mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover, apoptosis, etc., seems to be in a central position to explain ageing. This key role is based on several effects from mitochondrial-derived ROS production to the essential maintenance of balanced metabolic activities in old organisms. Several studies have demonstrated caloric restriction, exercise or bioactive compounds mainly found in plants, are able to affect the activity and turnover of mitochondria by increasing biogenesis and mitophagy, especially in postmitotic tissues. Then, it seems that mitochondria are in the centre of metabolic procedures to be modified to lengthen life- or health-span. In this review we show the importance of mitochondria to explain the ageing process in different models or organisms (e.g. yeast, worm, fruitfly and mice). We discuss if the cause of aging is dependent on mitochondrial dysfunction of if the mitochondrial changes observed with age are a consequence of events taking place outside the mitochondrial compartment.
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25
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Villalba JM, López-Domínguez JA, Chen Y, Khraiwesh H, González-Reyes JA, Del Río LF, Gutiérrez-Casado E, Del Río M, Calvo-Rubio M, Ariza J, de Cabo R, López-Lluch G, Navas P, Hagopian K, Burón MI, Ramsey JJ. The influence of dietary fat source on liver and skeletal muscle mitochondrial modifications and lifespan changes in calorie-restricted mice. Biogerontology 2015; 16:655-70. [PMID: 25860863 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Membrane Theory of Aging proposes that lifespan is inversely related to the level of unsaturation in membrane phospholipids. Calorie restriction (CR) without malnutrition extends lifespan in many model organisms, which may be related to alterations in membrane phospholipids fatty acids. During the last few years our research focused on studying how altering the predominant fat source affects the outcome of CR in mice. We have established four dietary groups: one control group fed 95 % of a pre-determined ad libitum intake (in order to prevent obesity), and three CR groups fed 40 % less than ad libitum intake. Lipid source for the control and one of the CR groups was soybean oil (high in n-6 PUFA) whereas the two remaining CR groups were fed diets containing fish oil (high in n-3 PUFA), or lard (high in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids). Dietary intervention periods ranged from 1 to 18 months. We performed a longitudinal lifespan study and a cross-sectional study set up to evaluate several mitochondrial parameters which included fatty acid composition, H(+) leak, activities of electron transport chain enzymes, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and mitochondrial apoptotic signaling in liver and skeletal muscle. These approaches applied to different cohorts of mice have independently indicated that lard as a fat source often maximizes the effects of 40 % CR on mice. These effects could be due to significant increases of monounsaturated fatty acids levels, in accordance with the Membrane Theory of Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3ª planta, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, 14014, Córdoba, Spain,
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