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Zanardi KR, Grancieri M, Silva CW, Trivillin LO, Viana ML, Costa AGV, Costa NMB. Functional effects of yacon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius) and kefir on systemic inflammation, antioxidant activity, and intestinal microbiome in rats with induced colorectal cancer. Food Funct 2023; 14:9000-9017. [PMID: 37740322 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality. The modulation of intestinal health through the administration of pro- and prebiotics may be a viable alternative to reduce the risk of CRC. This study aimed to evaluate the functional effects of yacon and kefir, isolated or associated, in rats with colorectal cancer. Adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): HC (healthy control AIN-93M diet), CC (CCR + AIN-93M diet), Y (CCR + AIN-93 M + yacon diet), K (CCR + AIN-93-M + kefir diet) and YK (CCR + AIN-93 M + yacon + kefir diet). Colorectal carcinogenesis was induced in groups CC, Y, K, and YK with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (55 mg kg-1, subcutaneously) for 5 weeks. From the 6th week onwards, the experimental groups were fed the respective diets. In the 15th week, urine was collected for analysis of intestinal permeability and then the animals were euthanized. Yacon increased acetate levels, reduced pH and carcinogenic neoplastic lesions, and increased the abundance of bacteria related to the fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, such as the genera Dorea, Collinsela, and Bifidobacteria. On the other hand, kefir increased macroscopic neoplastic lesions and increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Clostridium. The association of yacon + kefir increased the number of carcinogenic lesions, despite a reduction in pH and beneficial bacteria prevalence. Thus, it is concluded that yacon, unlikely kefir, is a promising alternative to mitigate the manifestations of induced carcinogenesis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Rodrigues Zanardi
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Grancieri
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Caroline Woelffel Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Trivillin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Mirelle Lomar Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - André Gustavo Vasconcelos Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Centre of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - UFES), Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil.
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centre of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, UFES, Alegre, ES, Brazil
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Grancieri M, Viana ML, de Oliveira DF, Vaz Tostes MDG, Costa Ignacchiti MD, Costa AGV, Brunoro Costa NM. Yacon ( Smallanthus sonchifolius) Flour Reduces Inflammation and Had No Effects on Oxidative Stress and Endotoxemia in Wistar Rats with Induced Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3281. [PMID: 37513699 PMCID: PMC10383765 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer has a high worldwide incidence. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of yacon flour (YF) on oxidative stress, inflammation, and endotoxemia in rats with induced colorectal cancer (CRC). The Wistar male rats were divided and kept for 8 weeks in four groups: S (basal diet, n = 10), Y (YF flour + basal diet, n = 10), C (CRC-induced control + basal diet, n = 12), CY (CRC-induced animals + YF, n = 12). CRC was induced by intraperitoneal injections of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (25 mg/kg body weight). Groups Y and CY received 7.5% of the prebiotic FOS from YF. The treatment with YF increased fecal secretory immunoglobulin A levels and decreased lipopolysaccharides, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-12. However, no effect was observed on the oxidative stress by the total antioxidant capacity of plasma, anion superoxide, and nitric oxide analysis of the animals (p < 0.05). The short-chain fatty acids acetate, propionate, and butyrate showed interactions with NF-κB, TLR4, iNOS, and NADPH oxidase by in silico analysis and had a correlation (by the Person analysis) with CRC markers. The yacon flour treatment reduced the inflammation in rats with induced CRC, and could be a promising food to reduce the damages caused by colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Grancieri
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Mirelle Lomar Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Daniela Furtado de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Vaz Tostes
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Mariana Drummond Costa Ignacchiti
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - André Gustavo Vasconcelos Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
| | - Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alto Universitário, S/N Guararema, Alegre 29500-000, ES, Brazil
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Multifaceted role of synbiotics as nutraceuticals, therapeutics and carrier for drug delivery. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) peel as a promising peroxidase source for the treatment of phenolic wastewater. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Reis FR, Marques C, Moraes ACSD, Masson ML. Effect of processing methods on yacon roots health-promoting compounds and related properties. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim SH, Lim YJ. The role of microbiome in colorectal carcinogenesis and its clinical potential as a target for cancer treatment. Intest Res 2021; 20:31-42. [PMID: 34015206 PMCID: PMC8831768 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2021.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiome-intestinal immune complex in the development of colorectal cancer and its progression is well recognized. Accordingly, certain microbial strains tend to colonize or vanish in patients with colorectal cancer. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are expected to exhibit both anti-tumor effects and chemopreventive effects during cancer treatment through mechanisms such as xenometabolism, immune interactions, and altered eco-community. Microbial modulation can also be safely used to prevent complications during peri-operational periods of colorectal surgery. A deeper understanding of the role of intestinal microbiota as a target for colorectal cancer treatment will lead the way to a better prognosis for colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Yun Jeong Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
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Cruz BCDS, de Sousa Moraes LF, De Nadai Marcon L, Dias KA, Murad LB, Sarandy MM, Conceição LLD, Gonçalves RV, Ferreira CLDLF, Peluzio MDCG. Evaluation of the efficacy of probiotic VSL#3 and synbiotic VSL#3 and yacon-based product in reducing oxidative stress and intestinal permeability in mice induced to colorectal carcinogenesis. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1448-1462. [PMID: 33761141 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic VSL#3 isolated or associated with a yacon-based product (synbiotic) on oxidative stress modulation and intestinal permeability in an experimental model of colorectal carcinogenesis. Forty-five C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control (standard diet AIN-93 M); probiotic (standard diet AIN-93 M and multispecies probiotic VSL#3, 2.25 × 109 CFU), and synbiotic (standard diet AIN-93 M with yacon-based product, 6% fructooligosaccharides and inulin, and probiotic VSL#3, 2.25 × 109 CFU). The experimental diets were provided for 13 weeks. The probiotic and the yacon-based product showed antioxidant activity, with the percentage of DPPH radical scavenging equal to 69.7 ± 0.4% and 74.3 ± 0.1%, respectively. These findings contributed to reduce hepatic oxidative stress: the control group showed higher concentration of malondialdehyde (1.8-fold, p = 0.007 and 1.5-fold, p = 0.035) and carbonylated protein (2-fold, p = 0.008 and 5.6-fold, p = 0.000) compared to the probiotic and synbiotic groups, respectively. Catalase enzyme activity increased 1.43-fold (p = 0.014) in synbiotic group. The crypt depth increased 1.2-fold and 1.4-fold with the use of probiotic and synbiotic, respectively, compared to the control diet (p = 0.000). These findings corroborate the reduction in intestinal permeability in the probiotic and synbiotic groups, as measured by the percentage of urinary lactulose excretion (CON: 0.93 ± 0.62% × PRO: 0.44 ± 0.05%, p = 0.048; and CON: 0.93 ± 0.62% × SYN: 0.41 ± 0.12%, p = 0.043). In conclusion, the probiotic and synbiotic showed antioxidant activity, which contributed to the reduction of oxidative stress markers. In addition, they protected the mucosa from damage caused by chemical carcinogen and reduced intestinal permeability. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The relationship between intestinal health and the occurrence of various organic disorders has been demonstrated in many studies. The use of probiotics and prebiotics is currently one of the main targets for modulation of intestinal health. We demonstrated that the use of a commercial mix of probiotic bacteria (VSL#3) isolated or associated with a yacon-based prebiotic, rich in fructooligosaccharides and inulin, is able to reduce the oxidative stress and intestinal permeability in a colorectal carcinogenesis model. These compounds have great potential to be used as a food supplement, or as ingredients in the development of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cristina Dos Santos Cruz
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando de Sousa Moraes
- Experimental and Dietetic Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition - Federal University of Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Letícia De Nadai Marcon
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kelly Aparecida Dias
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariáurea Matias Sarandy
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Lopes da Conceição
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Simanca-Sotelo M, De Paula C, Domínguez-Anaya Y, Pastrana-Puche Y, Álvarez-Badel B. Physico-chemical and sensory characterization of sweet biscuits made with Yacon flour (Smallanthus sonchifolius). NFS JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nfs.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Verediano TA, Viana ML, das G.V. Tostes M, Costa NM. The Potential Prebiotic Effects of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) in Colorectal Cancer. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200605160433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Colorectal cancer is caused by genetic predisposition and lifestyle risk factors
and is associated with altered homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota. Evidence suggests that
chronic infection and inflammation contribute to carcinogenic mutagenesis and promote cancer initiation
and progression. Food components with prebiotic properties, such as fructooligosaccharides
(FOS), promote intestinal integrity and health benefits. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is an abundant
source of FOS, which are fermented by beneficial bacteria, improving the intestinal environment
affected by colorectal cancer.
Objective:
In the current review, the aim was to discuss colorectal cancer and its inflammatory process
of development. Also, some general aspects concerning yacon roots and its prebiotic properties
are described. Finely, the beneficial effects of yacon to reduce intestinal parameters altered due to
colorectal cancer are summarized.
Conclusion:
It was verified that yacon might improve immunological parameters, intestinal barrier,
intestinal microbiota, and inflammation in induced colorectal cancer in animals, especially. Researches
with humans must be further investigated to prove these positive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa A. Verediano
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Mirelle L. Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Maria das G.V. Tostes
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
| | - Neuza M.B. Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact Natural And Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Alegre-ES, Brazil
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Verediano TA, Viana ML, das Graças Vaz Tostes M, de Oliveira DS, de Carvalho Nunes L, Costa NM. Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius) prevented inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal alterations in an animal model of colorectal carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5442-5449. [PMID: 32567144 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius) roots store carbohydrate in the form of prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which improve intestinal health. Yacon has the potential to prevent the intestinal barrier alterations associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of yacón flour (YF) on alterations promoted by CRC induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. RESULTS CRC increased tumor necrosis factor alpha levels (group CY = 10.2 ± 0.72; group C = 9.6 ± 1.0; group Y = 5.8 ± 0.54; group S = 5.95 ± 0.6 pg mL-1 ) and short-chain fatty acid production, and decreased total antioxidant capacity (group CY = 4.7 ± 0.72; group C = 3.3 ± 0.3; group Y = 4.1 ± 0.47; group S = 6.7 ± 0.78 U mL-1 ). Furthermore, YF treatment reduced intraluminal pH (group CY = 6.45 ± 0.47; group C = 7.65 ± 0.44; group Y = 6.75 ± 0.46; group S = 8.13 ± 0.2), lactulose/mannitol ratio, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)/interleukin (IL)-10 ratio, and increased secretory immunoglobulin A (group CY = 9.48 ± 1.46; group C = 10.95 ± 3.87; group Y = 15.95 ± 7.36; group S = 9.19 ± 1.52), but did not affect IL-10, IL-12, and TNF-α levels nor the IL-12/IL-10 ratio. CONCLUSION YF as a source of fructooligosaccharides may help to maintain the integrity of intestinal health, which is altered in induced CRC in rats. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa A Verediano
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mirelle L Viana
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria das Graças Vaz Tostes
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela S de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Louisiane de Carvalho Nunes
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Neuza Mb Costa
- Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo - UFES, Alegre, Brazil
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Cruz BCDS, Conceição LLD, Mendes TADO, Ferreira CLDLF, Gonçalves RV, Peluzio MDCG. Use of the synbiotic VSL#3 and yacon-based concentrate attenuates intestinal damage and reduces the abundance of Candidatus Saccharimonas in a colitis-associated carcinogenesis model. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109721. [PMID: 33233290 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease are at high risk of developing colitis-associated cancer; thus, strategies to inhibit disease progression should be investigated. The study aimed to explore the role of the synbiotic (probiotic VSL#3® and yacon-based concentrate) in a colitis-associated carcinogenesis model. IL-10-/- mice were induced to carcinogenesis with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and divided into two experimental groups: control and synbiotic. Manifestations of colitis, colon histology, expression of antioxidant enzymes, production of organic acids and intestinal microbiota were evaluated. The use of the synbiotic showed benefits, such as the preservation of intestinal architecture, increased expression of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of organic acids, especially butyrate. It was also observed different microbial community profiles between the groups during the study. Together, these factors contributed to mitigate the manifestations of colitis and improve intestinal integrity, suggesting the potential benefit of the synbiotic in intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Cristina Dos Santos Cruz
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Lisiane Lopes da Conceição
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio
- Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Synbiotic VSL#3 and yacon-based product modulate the intestinal microbiota and prevent the development of pre-neoplastic lesions in a colorectal carcinogenesis model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:8837-8857. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mejía‐Águila RA, Aguilar‐Galvez A, Chirinos R, Pedreschi R, Campos D. Vacuum impregnation of apple slices with Yacon (
Smallanthus sonchifolius
Poepp. & Endl) fructooligosaccharides to enhance the functional properties of the fruit snack. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reina A. Mejía‐Águila
- Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Avda. La Molina S/N La Molina 12056 Lima, Peru
| | - Ana Aguilar‐Galvez
- Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Avda. La Molina S/N La Molina 12056 Lima, Peru
| | - Rosana Chirinos
- Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Avda. La Molina S/N La Molina 12056 Lima, Peru
| | - Romina Pedreschi
- Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Calle San Francisco s/n La Palma Quillota Chile
| | - David Campos
- Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina Avda. La Molina S/N La Molina 12056 Lima, Peru
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Comerlato CB, Zhang X, Walker K, Brandelli A, Figeys D. Comparative proteomic analysis reveals metabolic variability of probiotic Enterococcus durans during aerobic and anaerobic cultivation. J Proteomics 2020; 220:103764. [PMID: 32247174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The variation in the bioavailability of oxygen constitutes the environmental conditions found by bacteria in their passage through the host gastro-intestinal tract. Given the importance of oxygen in the defense mechanism of bacteria, it is important to understand how bacteria respond to this stress at a metabolic level. The probiotic strain Enterococcus durans LAB18S was cultivated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using prebiotic oligosaccharides as carbon source. The whole cell proteome and secretome were analyzed through label-free quantitative proteomics approach. The results showed that the LAB18S isolate when grown with fructo-oligosacchrides (FOS) showed a higher number of differentially expressed proteins compared to samples with galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) or glucose. Clinically important enzymes for the treatment of cancer, L-asparaginase and arginine deiminase, were overexpressed when the isolate was cultured in FOS. In addition, the absence of oxygen induced the strain to produce proteins related to cell multiplication, cell wall integrity and resistance, and H2O2 detoxification. This study showed that E. durans LAB18S growing on FOS was stimulated to produce clinically important biomolecules, including proteins that have been investigated as potential antineoplastic agents. Significance: The probiotic strain E. durans LAB18S produce clinically relevant enzymes for the treatment of cancer when cultivated in symbiosis with fructo-oligosacchrides (FOS). In addition, proteins associated with cellular multiplication, cell wall integrity and resistance, and H2O2 detoxification were induced under anaerobic growth. These characteristics could be relevant to support maintenance of intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Baldisserotto Comerlato
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91510-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Xu Zhang
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Krystal Walker
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91510-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Figeys
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Canada.
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Medicinal Plants in the Prevention and Treatment of Colon Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2075614. [PMID: 32377288 PMCID: PMC7187726 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2075614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The standard treatment for cancer is generally based on using cytotoxic drugs, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. However, the use of traditional treatments has received attention in recent years. The aim of the present work was to provide an overview of medicinal plants effective on colon cancer with special emphasis on bioactive components and underlying mechanisms of action. Various literature databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, were used and English language articles were considered. Based on literature search, 172 experimental studies and 71 clinical cases on 190 plants were included. The results indicate that grape, soybean, green tea, garlic, olive, and pomegranate are the most effective plants against colon cancer. In these studies, fruits, seeds, leaves, and plant roots were used for in vitro and in vivo models. Various anticolon cancer mechanisms of these medicinal plants include induction of superoxide dismutase, reduction of DNA oxidation, induction of apoptosis by inducing a cell cycle arrest in S phase, reducing the expression of PI3K, P-Akt protein, and MMP as well; reduction of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins, and decrease of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin B1 and cyclin E. Plant compounds also increase both the expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p53, p21, and p27, and the BAD, Bax, caspase 3, caspase 7, caspase 8, and caspase 9 proteins levels. In fact, purification of herbal compounds and demonstration of their efficacy in appropriate in vivo models, as well as clinical studies, may lead to alternative and effective ways of controlling and treating colon cancer.
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Yan MR, Welch R, Rush EC, Xiang X, Wang X. A Sustainable Wholesome Foodstuff; Health Effects and Potential Dietotherapy Applications of Yacon. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112632. [PMID: 31684122 PMCID: PMC6893727 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A sustainable food supply is an ever-growing public and planetary health concern influenced by food culture, food practices, and dietary patterns. Globally, the consumption of plant foods that offer physiological and biochemical benefits is increasing. In recent years, products made from yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) tubers and leaves, e.g., in the form of syrup, powder, and herbal tea, have steadily emerged with scientific evidence to validate their possible health claims. Yacon was introduced to New Zealand in 1966, and its products can now be produced on a commercial scale. This paper reviews literature published mainly in the last 10 years concerning the health-related properties of yacon as a wholesome foodstuff and its bioactive components, e.g., fructooligosaccharides. Literature was sourced from Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO Health, and Google Scholar up to June 2019. The potential markets for yacon in the field of food technology and new dietotherapy applications are discussed. Furthermore, the unique features of New Zealand-produced yacon syrup are introduced as a case study. The paper explores the scientific foundation in response to the growing public interest in why and how to use yacon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Yan
- AUT Food Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
- Community and Social Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Auckland 1025, New Zealand.
| | - Robert Welch
- Yacon New Zealand Ltd., Auckland 1051, New Zealand.
| | - Elaine C Rush
- AUT Food Network, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
| | - Xuesong Xiang
- National Institute of Nutrition and Health, China CDC, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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17
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Myint PP, Dao TTP, Kim YS. Anticancer Activity of Smallanthus sonchifolius Methanol Extract against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173054. [PMID: 31443460 PMCID: PMC6749242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This research aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of methanol extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaf (YLE) against a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2). This plant is currently used as a traditional herbal remedy in the treatment of liver diseases in some rural parts of Myanmar. Methods: The cytotoxic activity of the plant extract against the cancerous cell line was assessed using an MTT assay. YLE demonstrated a significant effect (IC50 = 58.2 ± 1.9 μg/mL) on anti-cancer activity, which was further investigated using various assays including an in vitro cell migration assay, a colony formation assay, cell cycle analysis, western blot analysis, and a ROS assay. The significance of the phytochemical constituents of YLE could be identified using LC/Q-TOF-MS techniques. Results: We putatively identified the active components in YLE, which were possibly melampolide-type sesquiterpenoids. YLE showed an inhibitory effect on HepG2 cell proliferation and cell migration. YLE also induced cell cycle arrest and necrosis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, YLE significantly suppressed ROS formation in HepG2 cells. Conclusions: These findings suggest that YLE is sufficient for application as a promising anti-liver drug in herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyu Phyu Myint
- Department of Chemistry, Loikaw University, Loikaw 09013, Myanmar
| | - Thien T P Dao
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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18
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Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius)-based product increases fecal short-chain fatty acids and enhances regulatory T cells by downregulating RORγt in the colon of BALB/c mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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19
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Metabolic effects of goat milk yogurt supplemented with yacon flour in rats on high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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20
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Ran XK, Win Aung KK, Bai J, Dou PY, Zeng Z, Dou DQ. Two new sesquiterpene lactones from leaves of yacon, Smallanthus sonchifolius. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:538-544. [PMID: 29210302 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1411346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The chemical constituents of 95% EtOH extract of yacon leaves were separated to yield two new sesquiterpene lactones, together with three known compounds. The two new compounds were characterized to be 8β-angeloyloxy-13-methoxyl-11, 13-dihydromelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester (1) and 8β-(3-methylbut-2-enoyl) oxy-13-methoxyl-11, 13-dihydromelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester (2) on the basis of NMR spectra, HR-MS and other spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1-5 were evaluated on human hepatoma cell Bel-7402 and all the compounds showed moderate cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ku Ran
- a College of Pharmacy , Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 116600 , China
| | - Khin Khin Win Aung
- a College of Pharmacy , Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 116600 , China
| | - Jun Bai
- a College of Pharmacy , Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 116600 , China
| | - Pei-Yuan Dou
- a College of Pharmacy , Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 116600 , China
- b College of Pharmacy , Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Taiyuan 030024 , China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- c Zhen-Ao Group Ltd. Inc , Dalian 116600 , China
| | - De-Qiang Dou
- a College of Pharmacy , Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Dalian 116600 , China
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21
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Cao Y, Ma ZF, Zhang H, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Hayford F. Phytochemical Properties and Nutrigenomic Implications of Yacon as a Potential Source of Prebiotic: Current Evidence and Future Directions. Foods 2018; 7:E59. [PMID: 29649123 PMCID: PMC5920424 DOI: 10.3390/foods7040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut is densely populated with diverse microbial communities that are essential to health. Prebiotics and fiber have been shown to possess the ability to modulate the gut microbiota. One of the plants being considered as a potential source of prebiotic is yacon. Yacon is an underutilized plant consumed as a traditional root-based fruit in South America. Yacon mainly contains fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin. Therefore, it has bifidogenic benefits for gut health, because FOS are not easily broken down by digestive enzymes. Bioactive chemical compounds and extracts isolated from yacon have been studied for their various nutrigenomic properties, including as a prebiotic for intestinal health and their antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. This article reviewed scientific studies regarding the bioactive chemical compounds and nutrigenomic properties of extracts and isolated compounds from yacon. These findings may help in further research to investigate yacon-based nutritional products. Yacon can be considered a potential prebiotic source and a novel functional food. However, more detailed epidemiological, animal, and human clinical studies, particularly mechanism-based and phytopharmacological studies, are lacking for the development of evidence-based functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Department of Health Promotion, Pudong Maternal and Child Health Care Institution, Shanghai 201399, China.
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 15200, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
| | - Yifan Jin
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Division of Medicine, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK.
| | - Frank Hayford
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG 25, Ghana.
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22
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Campos D, Chirinos R, Gálvez Ranilla L, Pedreschi R. Bioactive Potential of Andean Fruits, Seeds, and Tubers. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2018; 84:287-343. [PMID: 29555072 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Andes is considered the longest continental mountain range in the world. It covers 7000km long and about 200-700km wide and an average height of about 4000m. Very unique plant species are endemic of this area including fruits (e.g., lucuma, cherimoya, sweet pepino, sauco), roots and tubers (potatoes, sweet potatoes, yacón, chicuru, mashua, olluco, etc.), and seeds (quinoa, amaranth, tarwi, etc.). These crops have been used for centuries by the native population and relatively recently have gained the world attention due to the wide range of nutrients and/or phytochemicals they possess. In this chapter, main Andean fruits, seeds, and roots and tubers have been selected and detailed nutritional and functional information is provided. In addition, traditional and current uses are provided and their bioactive potential is reported based on published scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Campos
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Universidad Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | - Rosana Chirinos
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBT), Universidad Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Romina Pedreschi
- School of Agronomy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
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23
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Grancieri M, Costa NMB, Vaz Tostes MDG, de Oliveira DS, Nunes LDC, Marcon LDN, Veridiano TA, Viana ML. Yacon flour (Smallanthus sonchifolius) attenuates intestinal morbidity in rats with colon cancer. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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24
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Bai J, Suo T, Wei X, Dou P, Ran X, Khin Win A K, Dou D, Zeng Z. Anticancer Action and Pharmacokinetics of Sesquiterpene Lactone Extracts of Yacon Leaves. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.74.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Kahouli I, Malhotra M, Westfall S, Alaoui-Jamali MA, Prakash S. Design and validation of an orally administrated active L. fermentum-L. acidophilus probiotic formulation using colorectal cancer Apc Min/+ mouse model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:1999-2019. [PMID: 27837314 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7885-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have been shown to have beneficial properties in attenuating the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. However, functional evidence to support such effects for some probiotic bacteria are relatively unknown. Here, we document a significant antioxidant, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314 and Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221 on CRC cells, particularly when used in combination (La-Lf). Furthermore, a superior synergistic activity on the inhibition of tumor growth and modulation of cell proliferation and epithelial markers in the Apc Min/+ CRC mouse model was explored, based on the expression levels of Ki-67, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) proteins. The anti-cancer activity of La-Lf co-culture was significantly enhanced in vitro with significant reduced proliferation (38.8 ± 6.9 %, P = 0.009) and increased apoptosis (413 RUL, P < 0.001) towards cancer cells, as well as significant protection of normal colon cell growth from toxic treatment (18.6 ± 9.8 %, P = 0.001). La-Lf formulation (1010cfu/animal/day) altered aspects of intestinal tumorigenesis by significantly reducing intestinal tumor multiplicity (1.7-fold, P = 0.016) and downregulating cellular proliferation markers, including β-catenin (P = 0.041) and Ki-67 (P = 0.008). In conclusion, La-Lf showed greater protection against intestinal tumorigenesis supporting a potential use as a biotherapeutic for the prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Kahouli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, CHU St. Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, 3175 Cote-Ste-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Susan Westfall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moulay A Alaoui-Jamali
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research and Segal Cancer Centre, Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Côte-Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada.,Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gerald Bronfman Centre, McGill University, Room 210, 546 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H2W 1S6, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 1110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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26
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Osmotic dehydration of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius): Optimization for fructan retention. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Yuan Y, Win Aung KK, Ran XK, Wang XT, Dou DQ, Dong F. A new sesquiterpene lactone from yacon leaves. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:43-49. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1212028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Khin Khin Win Aung
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
- Pharmaceutical Research Department, Ministry of Science and Technology, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Xiao-Ku Ran
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - De-Qiang Dou
- College of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, PR China
| | - Feng Dong
- Technology Development Department, Zhen-Ao Co.Ltd, Dalian, PR China
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28
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Caetano BFR, de Moura NA, Almeida APS, Dias MC, Sivieri K, Barbisan LF. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) as a Food Supplement: Health-Promoting Benefits of Fructooligosaccharides. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070436. [PMID: 27455312 PMCID: PMC4963912 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a perennial plant of the family Asteraceae native to the Andean regions of South America, is an abundant source of fructooligosaccharides (FOS). This comprehensive review of the literature addressed the role of yacon supplementation in promoting health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. According to several preclinical and clinical trials, FOS intake favors the growth of health-promoting bacteria while reducing pathogenic bacteria populations. Moreover, the endproducts of FOS fermentation by the intestinal microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFA), act as substrates or signaling molecules in the regulation of the immune response, glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism. As a result, glycemic levels, body weight and colon cancer risk can be reduced. Based on these findings, most studies reviewed concluded that due to their functional properties, yacon roots may be effectively used as a dietary supplement to prevent and treat chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunno F R Caetano
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Nelci A de Moura
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil.
| | - Ana P S Almeida
- Departament of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Marcos C Dias
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop 78550-000, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
| | - Kátia Sivieri
- Departament of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil.
| | - Luís F Barbisan
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil.
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29
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Lopes GAD, Dias MC, Barbisan LF, Marchesan Rodrigues MA. Early Life and Postnatal Western Diet Feeding and Susceptibility to Chemically Induced Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci in Male Rats Offspring. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:811-7. [PMID: 27176572 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1170167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The modifying effects of a Western diet (WD) during early life on the susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH) were examined in male rats as later adults. Three groups were studied: a lifetime control diet-fed group, a test group fed WD since pregnancy from dams until postnatal day (PND) 42, and a group fed WD at adulthood. At PND 70, all groups received the carcinogen DMH and were euthanized 10 wk later. Colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were scored (number and crypt multiplicity) and the altered pattern of β-catenin expression was evaluated in the colonic lesions. ACF multiplicity (≥4 crypts) was significantly higher in the group fed WD at early life than in the group fed the control diet. ACF number, crypt multiplicity, and the number of high-grade dysplastic lesions were significantly higher in the group fed WD at adulthood than in the groupfed the control diet. The number of lesions with altered β-catenin expression was higher in the groups receiving WD at early life or at adulthood than in the lifetime control-diet-fed group. These findings indicate that WD exposure at early life increased the susceptibility to colon carcinogenesis at adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos Correa Dias
- a Department of Pathology , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- b Department of Morphology , Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , SP , Brazil
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30
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Campos D, Aguilar-Galvez A, Pedreschi R. Stability of fructooligosaccharides, sugars and colour of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius
) roots during blanching and drying. Int J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Campos
- Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT); Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina - UNALM; Av. La Molina s/n Lima Peru
| | - Ana Aguilar-Galvez
- Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT); Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina - UNALM; Av. La Molina s/n Lima Peru
| | - Romina Pedreschi
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Escuela de Agronomía; Calle San Francisco s/n La Palma Chile
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31
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Kilari BP, Kotakadi VS, Penchalaneni J. Anti-proliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Basella rubra (L.) Against 1, 2-Dimethyl Hydrazine-induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:73-80. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.1.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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32
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Booupathy LK, Venkatachalam S, Natarajan N, Thamaraiselvan R, Arumugam M, Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy B. Chemopreventive effect of myrtenal on bacterial enzyme activity and the development of 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci in Wistar Rats. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 24:206-213. [PMID: 28911405 PMCID: PMC9345433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer remains as a serious health problem around the world despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Dietary fibers are considered to reduce the risk of colon cancer as they are converted to short chain fatty acids by the presence of anaerobic bacteria in the intestine, but imbalanced diet and high fat consumption may promote tumor formation at different sites, including the large bowel via increased bacterial enzymes activity. The present study was conducted to characterize the inhibitory action of myrtenal on bacterial enzymes and aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Experimental colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine is histologically, morphologically, and anatomically similar to human colonic epithelial neoplasm. Discrete microscopic mucosal lesions such as ACF and malignant tumors function as important biomarkers in the diagnosis of colon cancer. Methylene blue staining was carried out to visualize the impact of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and myrtenal. Myrtenal-treated animals showed decreased levels of bacterial enzymes such as β-glucuronidase, β-glucosidase, and mucinase. Characteristic changes in the colon were noticed by inhibiting ACF formation in the colon. In conclusion, treatment with myrtenal provided altered pathophysiological condition in colon cancer-bearing animals with evidence of decreased crypt multiplicity and tumor progression.
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Franco TS, Ellendersen LN, Fattori D, Granato D, Masson ML. Influence of the Addition of Ovalbumin and Emulsifier on the Physical Properties and Stability of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Juice Foams Prepared for Foam Mat Drying Process. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-015-1553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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da Silva Almeida AP, Avi CM, Barbisan LF, de Moura NA, Caetano BFR, Romualdo GR, Sivieri K. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014 reduce the early phases of colon carcinogenesis in male Wistar rats. Food Res Int 2015; 74:48-54. [PMID: 28412002 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The modifying effects of aqueous yacon extract (AYE) and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014 against colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats were investigated. Animals were allocated into five groups: G1: untreated group; G2: DMH-treated group; G3: DMH+L. acidophilus-treated group; G4: DMH+AYE-treated group; G5: DMH+L. acidophilus and AYE-treated group. A significant reduction (p<0.05) in leukocyte DNA damage and in colonic cell proliferation was observed after the first DMH administration in G3 (probiotic), G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. In this moment, a significant increase (p<0.05) in colonic apoptosis was also observed in G3 (probiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. In special, at five months after DMH administrations, a significant reduction (p<0.05) in ACF development was observed in G3 (probiotic), G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups. Incidence of colon tumors was lower at five months in G4 (prebiotic) and G5 (synbiotic) groups but not in eight months after DMH administrations. In conclusion, the findings suggest that the oral treatments have potential effects as a chemopreventive agent against colon carcinogenesis on an early stage of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula da Silva Almeida
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, UNESP - UnivEstadual Paulista Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilla Martins Avi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, UNESP - UnivEstadual Paulista Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Nelci Antunes de Moura
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia Sivieri
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, UNESP - UnivEstadual Paulista Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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da Silva FRM, Dias MC, Barbisan LF, Rodrigues MAM. Lack of protective effects of zinc gluconate against rat colon carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:571-7. [PMID: 23659449 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.775317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Zinc has been proposed as a promising chemopreventive candidate against colon cancer. However, few studies on the potential beneficial effects of this trace element on cancer chemoprevention are available. The present study was designed to investigate the potential modifying influence of zinc gluconate (ZnGly) on the initiation step of colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Male Wistar rats received orally ZnGly (15 mg elemental zinc/kg, 3 times per wk) 2 wk before and during DMH treatment (3 × 40 mg/kg, once a wk). The animals were euthanized at the end of 4th and 16th wk. Colons were analyzed for aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and tumor development. Blood and colon zinc levels, cell proliferation, and apoptosis indexes in colonic crypts were analyzed 24 h after the last DMH administration. Oral treatment with ZnGly did neither alter the number of ACF nor the indexes of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the colonic mucosa. The incidence and multiplicity of colon tumors induced by DMH and their histopathological patterns were not modified by previous treatment with ZnGly. These findings indicate a lack of chemopreventive action of zinc gluconate supplementation on the initiation step of rat colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH.
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Impact of yacon landraces cultivated in the Czech Republic and their ploidy on the short- and long-chain fructooligosaccharides content in tuberous roots. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Delgado GTC, Tamashiro WMDSC, Maróstica Junior MR, Pastore GM. Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius): a functional food. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 68:222-228. [PMID: 23709016 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-013-0362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is an Andean tuberous root that is regarded as a functional food given that it contains fructooligosaccharides (FOS), inulin and phenolic compounds. The consumption of FOS and inulin improves the growth of bifidobacteria in the colon, enhances mineral absorption and gastrointestinal metabolism and plays a role in the regulation of serum cholesterol. Furthermore, the literature reports that the consumption of these prebiotics promotes a positive modulation of the immune system, improving resistance to infections and allergic reactions. Certain studies have demonstrated the potential of yacon as an alternative food source for those patients with conditions that require dietary changes. This review intends to describe the potential of yacon as a prebiotic and its cultivation and industrial processing for human consumption.
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Fragoso MF, Romualdo GR, Ribeiro DA, Barbisan LF. Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) feeding attenuates dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:68-76. [PMID: 23597449 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of spray-dried açaí powder (AP) intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats. After 4 weeks of DMH administrations, the groups were fed with standard diet, a diet containing 2.5% or 5.0% AP or a diet containing 0.2% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 10 weeks, using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as the endpoint. Additionally, two groups were fed with standard diet or a diet containing 5.0% AP for 20 weeks, using colon tumors as the endpoint. In ACF assay, a reduction in the number of aberrant crypts (ACs) and ACF (1-3 AC) were observed in the groups fed with 5.0% AP (37% AC and 47% ACF inhibition, p=0.036) and 0.2% NAC (39% AC and 41% ACF inhibition, p=0.042). In tumor assay, a reduction in the number of invasive tumors (p<0.005) and tumor multiplicity (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Also, a reduction in tumor Ki-67 cell proliferation (p=0.003) and net growth index (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Therefore the findings of this study indicate that AP feeding may reduce the development of chemically-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana F Fragoso
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, School of Medicine, Program of Post-Graduation in Pathology, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
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