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Eliopoulos C, Papadomichelakis G, Voitova A, Chorianopoulos N, Haroutounian SA, Markou G, Arapoglou D. Improved Antioxidant Blood Parameters in Piglets Fed Diets Containing Solid-State Fermented Mixture of Olive Mill Stone Waste and Lathyrus clymenum Husks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:630. [PMID: 38929069 PMCID: PMC11201101 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid-state fermentation represents a sustainable approach for the conversion of agro-industrial wastes into high-added-value feed ingredients. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the dietary addition of a solid-state-fermented mixture of olive mill stone waste (OMSW) and Lathyrus clymenum husks (LP) on the antioxidant blood parameters of weaned piglets. Two hundred 35-day-old weaned piglets were allotted into two groups and fed either a control (C) diet or a diet containing 50 g of OMSW-LP per kg (OMSW-LP) for 40 days. Blood samples were collected at 35 and 75 days of age to assess the free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase activity (CAT), protein carbonyls (CARBs), and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS). The OMSW-LP diet reduced the TBARS (p = 0.049) and CARB contents (p = 0.012) and increased the levels of FRSA (p = 0.005), GSH (p = 0.040), and CAT activity (p = 0.012) in the piglets' blood, likely due to the synergistic action of the antioxidants and bioactive compounds present in the OMSW-LP mixture. Overall, the dietary inclusion of solid-state-fermented OMSW-LP at 50 g/kg could potentially serve a bio-functional purpose since it enhanced the antioxidant blood parameters in this study, a crucial factor for the health and growth of piglets post-weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Eliopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Athens, Greece; (C.E.); (G.M.)
| | - George Papadomichelakis
- Laboratory Nutritional Physiology & Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Arina Voitova
- Laboratory Nutritional Physiology & Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Nikos Chorianopoulos
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Serkos A. Haroutounian
- Laboratory Nutritional Physiology & Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (A.V.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Giorgos Markou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Athens, Greece; (C.E.); (G.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Arapoglou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA (ELGO-DIMITRA), Sof. Venizelou 1, 14123 Athens, Greece; (C.E.); (G.M.)
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Thema KK, Mlambo V, Egbu CF, Mnisi CM. Use of red grape pomace and Aloe vera gel as nutraceuticals to ameliorate stocking density-induced stress in commercial male broilers. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:107. [PMID: 38507034 PMCID: PMC10954995 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The combined effect of Aloe vera gel (AVG) administered through drinking water and dietary red grape pomace powder (RGP) on growth performance, physiological traits, welfare indicators, and meat quality in densely stocked broilers was evaluated. A total of 750, two-week-old male Ross 308 broilers (317.7 ± 10.12 g live weight) were randomly assigned to 25 cages, with each cage as an experimental unit. The broilers were stocked at a density of 30 birds per cage with a floor space of 1.32 m2. Dietary treatments were a standard grower or finisher diet (CON); CON containing 30 g RGP /kg diet plus either 1 (GPA1), 2 (GPA2), 3 (GPA3), or 4% (GPA4) AVG in drinking water. Treatment GPA1 promoted higher (P < 0.05) overall weight gain and overall feed conversion ratio (FCR) than CON. Positive quadratic effects (P < 0.05) were noted for mean corpuscular hemoglobin, basophils, 24-hour breast meat yellowness, chroma, and hue angle. The GPA2 group had the lowest (P < 0.05) gait score while the CON group had the highest score. Concurrent supplementation with a 30 g RGP /kg diet plus 1% AVG in drinking water enhanced weight gain, FCR, and finisher weight of densely stocked broilers. However, AVG doses beyond 1% did not enhance performance and physiological traits in densely stocked broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwena Kgaogelo Thema
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Private Bag x2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Victor Mlambo
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, 1200, South Africa
| | - Chidozie Freedom Egbu
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Private Bag x2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Caven Mguvane Mnisi
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Private Bag x2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
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Magklaras G, Skoufos I, Bonos E, Tsinas A, Zacharis C, Giavasis I, Petrotos K, Fotou K, Nikolaou K, Vasilopoulou K, Giannenas Ι, Tzora A. Innovative Use of Olive, Winery and Cheese Waste By-Products as Novel Ingredients in Weaned Pigs Nutrition. Vet Sci 2023; 10:397. [PMID: 37368783 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10060397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New sustainable sources of feeds, which can enhance the health and welfare of farm animals, lower feeding costs, and lead to safer products, are of high priority in modern animal production systems. In the present study, a novel silage created from Greek olive, winery, and feta cheese waste by-products, was evaluated as a feed ingredient at different inclusion rates (0%, 5% or 10%) in 34-day-old weaned pigs. The potential beneficial effects on performance, health and intestinal digesta microflora balance of the pigs were evaluated. Additionally, chemical, microbiological and quality analysis of the meat was carried out. Results showed no detrimental effects (p > 0.05) on the pigs' performance and no significant changes (p > 0.05) in meat pH, color and chemical analysis. Ileum and cecum microflora populations (total anaerobes, Lactobacillaceae) were positively affected (p ≤ 0.05) by the dietary usage of the silage. The microbial populations (Clostridium spp.) of belly meat cuts were positively modified (p ≤ 0.01). The concentration of total phenols in the meat cuts were increased (p ≤ 0.05) and their resistance to oxidation was improved (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, the fatty acid profile of the meat lipids (polyunsaturated and n-3 fatty acids) was positively modified (p ≤ 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Magklaras
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Bonos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tsinas
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Christos Zacharis
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, Karditsa Campus, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - Kostas Petrotos
- Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis Campus, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece
| | - Konstantina Fotou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Konstantina Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
| | - Konstantina Vasilopoulou
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ιlias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakioi Artas, 47100 Arta, Greece
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Redox Biomarkers Assessment after Oral Administration of Wine Extract and Grape Stem Extract in Rats and Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041574. [PMID: 36838560 PMCID: PMC9965357 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine and by-products of the winemaking process, such as grape stems, are rich in bioactive polyphenolic compounds that might be beneficial for animal and human health. In recent years, the administration of dietary polyphenols with strong antioxidant and cytoprotective properties has constituted an emerging line of research interest toward disease prevention. However, in scientific literature, only a limited number of studies have investigated the safety and the toxicological risks of polyphenolic compounds in vivo. Based on the above, the purpose of the present study was two-fold: first, to examine the effects of oral administration of a grape stem extract, derived from the Greek red wine Mavrodaphne, on mice redox biomarkers; and second, to investigate the biological effects of oral administration of a wine extract, derived from the emblematic Greek red wine Xinomavro, on rats. Toward this purpose, body weight, growth rate, hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters, as well as a panel of redox biomarkers, were examined. According to our results, the administration of Mavrodaphne grape stem extract in mice induced alterations in redox homeostasis, preventing mice from the adverse effects of lipid peroxidation. Contrariwise, the administration of Xinomavro wine extract induced both beneficial and harmful outcomes on rat redox status determined by the examined tissue. Collectively, our study reports that the Mavrodaphne grape stem extract, a serious pollutant when disposed in environmental matrices, is an important source of bioactive polyphenolic compounds that could protect from oxidative damage and improve animal and human health. Finally, the Xinomavro wine extract exerts tissue-specific changes in redox balance, which are indicative of the complexity that characterizes the biological systems.
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Chedea VS, Macovei ȘO, Bocsan IC, Măgureanu DC, Levai AM, Buzoianu AD, Pop RM. Grape Pomace Polyphenols as a Source of Compounds for Management of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation—A Possible Alternative for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206826. [PMID: 36296420 PMCID: PMC9612310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids, stilbenes, lignans, and phenolic acids, classes of polyphenols found in grape pomace (GP), were investigated as an important alternative source for active substances that could be used in the management of oxidative stress and inflammation. The benefic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions of GP are presented in the literature, but they are derived from a large variety of experimental in vitro and in vivo settings. In these in vitro works, the decrease in reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and the increase in glutathione levels show the antioxidant effects. The inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B and prostaglandin E2 inflammatory pathways and the decrease of some inflammatory markers such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) demonstrate the anti-inflammatory actions of GP polyphenols. The in vivo studies further confirmed the antioxidant (increase in catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels and a stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase -eNOS gene expression) and anti-inflammatory (inhibition of IL-1𝛼, IL-1β, IL-6, interferon-𝛾, TNF-α and C-reactive protein release) activities. Grape pomace as a whole extract, but also different individual polyphenols that are contained in GP can modulate the endogenous pathway responsible in reducing oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. The present review analyzed the effects of GP in oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting that it could become a valuable therapeutic candidate capable to reduce the aforementioned pathological processes. Grape pomace extract could become an adjuvant treatment in the attempt to reduce the side effects of the classical anti-inflammatory medication like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Sanda Chedea
- Research Department, Research Station for Viticulture and Enology Blaj (SCDVV Blaj), 515400 Blaj, Romania
| | - Ștefan Octavian Macovei
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Corina Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 23, Marinescu Street, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan Claudiu Măgureanu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonia Mihaela Levai
- Department Mother and Child, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 3–5, Clinicilor Street, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dana Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 23, Marinescu Street, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, No. 23, Marinescu Street, 400012 Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Studies on antioxidant activities of grape pomace using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractGrape pomace (GP) is a by-product resulting from the wine industry and can be considered raw material for animal nutrition, mainly due to its richness in polyphenolic substances. The present study, determined the antioxidant activity of GP by different in vitro assays including 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity and the inhibitory effect on iron-induced lipid peroxidation system. The estimated IC50 value (the concentration required to scavenge 50% of the radicals) of GP methanolic extract was 53.49 mg/L for DPPH; 57.37 mg/L for hydroxyl radical; 29.06 mg/L for superoxide radical and 102.15 mg/L for hydrogen peroxide. The effect of grape pomace supplements in broiler diets on oxidative stability of meat was tested in an experiment on 80 broiler chicks, 1-day-old Cobb 500, divided into 2 groups (C and E) reared on permanent wood shaves litter (10–12 cm thick). Compared to the control diet C, during the grower (14–28 days) and finisher (29–42 days) stages, the experimental diet (E) was supplemented with 6% GP. At the end of the experiment, 6 chicks aged 42 days from each group were slaughtered and samples of thigh meat were collected for further analysis. When the iron-induced lipid peroxidation system was applied, no significant differences were noticed between ex vivo groups’ lipid peroxidation inhibition percentage (24.71% inhibition when GP was added to meat samples and 24.10% inhibition when GP was ingested by animals) and in vivo data (26.92% inhibition) obtained.
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Bonos E, Skoufos I, Petrotos K, Giavasis I, Mitsagga C, Fotou K, Vasilopoulou K, Giannenas I, Gouva E, Tsinas A, D’Alessandro AG, Cardinali A, Tzora A. Innovative Use of Olive, Winery and Cheese Waste By-Products as Functional Ingredients in Broiler Nutrition. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9060290. [PMID: 35737342 PMCID: PMC9231388 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9060290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dietary use of novel silage that was created by combining three agro-industrial wastes produced in bulk, i.e., olive mill wastewater, grape pomace, and deproteinized feta cheese whey, in the diets of broiler chickens. A total of 216 one-day-old male Ross-308 chicks were randomly allocated to three treatment groups with six replications (12 chicks per pen). Three isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated to include the examined silage at 0%, 5%, or 10%. Commercial breeding and management procedures were employed throughout the trial. At the end of the trial (day 35), tissue samples were collected for analysis. Feeding 10% silage resulted in increased (p ≤ 0.001) final body weight (p ≤ 0.001) and feed intake. Jejunum and cecum microflora, as well as breast and thigh meat microflora, were modified (p ≤ 0.05) by the dietary inclusion. Thigh meat oxidative stability was improved (p < 0.01) by the silage supplementation. In addition, breast and thigh meat fatty acid profiles were different, respectively, (p < 0.05) in the supplemented treatments compared to the control. The examined silage was successfully tested in broiler diets with potential benefits for their performance and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Bonos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (E.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Ioannis Skoufos
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (E.B.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +0030-268-105-0204
| | - Konstantinos Petrotos
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Geopolis, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, End of N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (I.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Chrysanthi Mitsagga
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, End of N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (I.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Konstantina Fotou
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (K.F.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Konstantina Vasilopoulou
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.V.); (I.G.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.V.); (I.G.)
| | - Evangelia Gouva
- Laboratory of Animal Science, Nutrition and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (E.B.); (E.G.)
| | - Anastasios Tsinas
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (K.F.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Angela Gabriella D’Alessandro
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angela Cardinali
- National Research Council—Institute of Science of Food Production, Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Athina Tzora
- Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47100 Arta, Greece; (K.F.); (A.T.); (A.T.)
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Redox Status of Pregnant Ewes after Vaccination against Clostridial Diseases. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10060898. [PMID: 35746507 PMCID: PMC9229268 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The redox status shortly after the vaccination of pregnant ewes is rather unexploited. Thus, the present study was designed to evaluate the fluctuation of redox status after the administration of the annual booster dose of a polyvalent clostridial vaccine in pregnant ewes, 3 to 4 weeks before lambing, with or without a simultaneous injection of Vit E/Se. In total, 24 pregnant Lacaune ewes 3–4 weeks before lambing were randomly allocated into four equal groups: the V (vaccinated with a polyvalent clostridial vaccine), VE (vaccinated and injected IM with Vit E/Se), E (injected IM with Vit E and Se), and C (neither vaccinated nor injected with Vit E/Se). The study period lasted for 21 days, starting on the day of administration. Four redox biomarkers, the antioxidant capacity (TAC), the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the reduced glutathione (GSH), and the catalase (CAT) were evaluated in blood samples collected from all ewes before the injections (0 h) and then at 12 (12 h), 24 (D1), and 48 h (D2), and thereafter on days 4 (D4), 6 (D6), 10 (D10), 14 (D14), and 21 (D21). The results reveal that the TAC was the only biomarker evaluated that was significantly affected by group and significantly lower in vaccinated animals (V and VE groups) compared to non-vaccinated (E and C groups). The absence of an increase in the TBARS values after vaccination in groups V and VE indicates the absence of significant oxidative stress. Overall, it can be assumed that annual booster immunizations against clostridial diseases do not impose acute oxidative stress on pregnant ewes in the last month of pregnancy.
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Optimization of the Composition of a Novel Bioactive Silage Produced by Mixing of Ground Maize Grains with Olive Mill Waste Waters, Grape Pomace and Feta Cheese Whey. AGRIENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/agriengineering3040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the production of a novel and sustainable silage was realized and optimized. Three agro-industrial wastes produced in bulk: olive mill wastewater (OMWW), grape pomace (GP) and de-proteinized feta cheese whey (DFCW) were mixed with coarsely ground maize grains, and the mixture was inoculated with commercial lactic bacteria starter culture and fermented for 30 days under anaerobic conditions to obtain silage. Sixty-seven recipes with varying compositions of the three agro-wastes were ensilaged, and four silage quality indices: pH value, % acidity as lactic acid, total lactobacillus count (cfu/g) and total yeast and mold count (cfu/g) were monitored throughout the ensilage process, and the obtained data were used to perform multicriteria optimization of the silage composition. The optimization target was to simultaneously maximize the pH drop, % total acidity as lactic acid and lactobacillus count while minimizing the count of undesirable yeasts and molds. Following this optimization strategy, it was found that the best composition of the mixture of all three tested agro-industrial wastes to obtain a high-quality silage was the one containing: 20% w/w GP, 60% w/w OMWW and 20% w/w feta cheese whey. Finally, the produced silage was tested in broilers’ nutrition and by 10% w/w inclusion in the feed, which led to the production of high added-value bioactive meat rich in ω-3 fatty acids and with high antioxidant capacity.
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Leontopoulos S, Skenderidis P, Petrotos K, Giavasis I. Corn Silage Supplemented with Pomegranate ( Punica granatum) and Avocado ( Persea americana) Pulp and Seed Wastes for Improvement of Meat Characteristics in Poultry Production. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195901. [PMID: 34641445 PMCID: PMC8510452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, pomegranate peels, avocado peels, and seed vacuum microwave extraction solid by-products were supplemented in corn silage in order to investigate the effects on meat quality and growth rate in broiler chicken. There were 50 broilers, divided in two groups, treated with experimental or usual feed for 43 days (group A: 25 broilers fed with avocado and pomegranate by-products and group B: 25 broilers fed with corn-silage used as control). The results showed that broiler chickens fed with a diet supplemented with a mixture of pomegranate avocado by-products (group A) showed significant differences in chicken leg meat quality, significantly improving the level of proteins and fatty acids content in breast and leg meat, respectively. More specific ω3 and ω6 fatty acids content were three times higher than in group B. Moreover, a protective effect on the decomposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, induced by free radicals and presented in chicken meat, is based on the evaluation of lipid peroxidation by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Pomegranate peels, avocado peels, and seed by-products appeared to have a slight reduction on meat production, while it was found to improve the qualitative chicken meat characteristics. Regarding the production costs, it was calculated that the corn-silage supplementation, used in this study, lead to a 50% lower cost than the commercial corn-silage used for the breeding of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Leontopoulos
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Prodromos Skenderidis
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Petrotos
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Food Technology, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
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Makri S, Raftopoulou S, Kafantaris I, Kotsampasi B, Christodoulou V, Nepka C, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Biofunctional Feed Supplemented With By-products of Olive Oil Production Improves Tissue Antioxidant Profile of Lambs. In Vivo 2021; 34:1811-1821. [PMID: 32606151 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a byproduct of olive oil production. The aim of the study was to estimate the redox profile of lambs' vital organs after consumption of an OMW-supplemented feed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four lambs received breast milk until day 15. Then, they were divided in two groups: control and OMW, n=12 each. The control group received standard ration, while the OMW group received OMW enriched feed along with mother's milk until day 42 and animals (n=6 per group) were sacrificed. The remaining 12 received the feeds until day 70 and sacrificed. Tissue samples were collected at day 42 and 70 and specific redox biomarkers were assessed. RESULTS Overall, the OMW feed improved tissue redox profile by affecting the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase (γ-GCL) expression in all tested tissues. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was not affected. CONCLUSION The polyphenol-rich byproduct reinforced lamb redox profile and may putatively improve their wellness and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Sofia Raftopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Basiliki Kotsampasi
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Vladimiros Christodoulou
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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An Q, Gong X, Le L, Zhu D, Xiang D, Geng F, Zhu H, Peng L, Zou L, Zhao G, Wan Y. Prospects for Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seed: Extraction Technologies and Diverse Bioactivity. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1906699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Peoples R, China
| | - Xuxiao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Liqing Le
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Dazhou Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Peoples R, China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy Of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, Peoples R, China
| | - Lianxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Peoples R, China
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13
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Dupak R, Kovac J, Kalafova A, Kovacik A, Tokarova K, Hascik P, Simonova N, Kacaniova M, Mellen M, Capcarova M. Supplementation of grape pomace in broiler chickens diets and its effect on body weight, lipid profile, antioxidant status and serum biochemistry. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Gungor E, Altop A, Erener G. Effect of Raw and Fermented Grape Pomace on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status, Intestinal Morphology, and Selected Bacterial Species in Broiler Chicks. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020364. [PMID: 33535655 PMCID: PMC7912799 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of raw (GP) and fermented grape pomace (FGP) on the growth performance, some carcass parameters, antioxidant status, intestinal morphology, and selected bacterial species in broiler chicken were investigated in this study. Grape pomace was fermented with Aspergillus niger for 7 d. In total, 140 one-day-old male chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, with five replicates and seven birds each. Chickens were fed either a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.25 g/kg synthetic antioxidants (5% butylated hydroxytoluene, 1% butylated hydroxyanisole, and 11% ethoxyquin) (AO), or 15 g/kg GP (GP), or 15 g/kg FGP (FGP) for 42 d. Dietary GP raised serum glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.031) and superoxide dismutase (p = 0.021) levels, increased ileum lamina muscularis thickness (p = 0.016), and did not affect selected bacterial species in the cecum of broiler chickens. Dietary FGP improved body weight (p = 0.003), increased the serum catalase level (p = 0.032), and decreased the cecal Clostridium perfringens count (p = 0.033) but did not affect the ileal morphology of broiler chickens. The carcass parameters, malondialdehyde level, pH, and color of the breast meat of chickens were not changed by either GP or FGP supplementation. Chickens fed with the synthetic antioxidants had similar growth performance with the chickens fed with FGP but had better body weight (p = 0.003) and feed conversion ratio (p = 0.045) compared with the chickens fed with GP. The obtained results showed that FGP can be used as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Gungor
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-362-3121919 (ext. 1401); Fax: +90-362-4576034
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15
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Pellegrini N, Vitaglione P, Granato D, Fogliano V. Twenty-five years of total antioxidant capacity measurement of foods and biological fluids: merits and limitations. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5064-5078. [PMID: 30578632 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This review summarises 25 years of investigations on antioxidants research in foods and biological fluids and critically analyses the merits and limitations of using the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measurement in the metabolomic era. An enormous bulk of knowledge was produced regarding the antioxidant capacity of foods and large TAC databases were developed. A direct link between a food TAC value and any health benefit is erroneous and has led to several cases of consumer deception. However, the striking epidemiological evidence associating a high dietary TAC with some disease prevention and the availability of well-constructed TAC databases deserve attention and must be taken into account to establish the usefulness of measuring TAC in both foods and biological samples. The in vivo TAC measurement, usually performed in plasma, is influenced by many external factors, such as dietary habits, as well as environmental and behavioural factors, which are integrated towards homeostatic control by fine physiological mechanisms with high inter-individual variability. Therefore, plasma TAC cannot be considered as a unique biomarker of individual antioxidant status. However, the combined evaluation of plasma TAC with known markers of disease, individual metabolism, inflammation and genetics, as well as with markers of gut microbiota composition and activity, may lead to the identification of populations that are more responsive to food/diet TAC. In this framework, the appropriate use of TAC measurement both in food and in vivo can still provide support for the interpretation of complex phenomena and be a tool for sample screening when making a quick decision toward in-depth research investigations. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples 'Federico II', Portici, Italy
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Food Engineering, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Tekos F, Skaperda Z, Goutzourelas N, Phelps DS, Floros J, Kouretas D. The Importance of Redox Status in the Frame of Lifestyle Approaches and the Genetics of the Lung Innate Immune Molecules, SP-A1 and SP-A2, on Differential Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090784. [PMID: 32854247 PMCID: PMC7554878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 is of great concern to the scientific community. This mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases. People with obesity are more likely to experience unpleasant disease symptoms and increased mortality. The severe oxidative environment that occurs in obesity due to chronic inflammation permits viral activation of further inflammation leading to severe lung disease. Lifestyle affects the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. It has been shown that a careful diet rich in antioxidants, regular exercise, and fasting regimens, each and/or together, can reduce the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress and strengthen the immune system as they lead to weight loss and activate cellular antioxidant mechanisms and reduce oxidative damage. Thus, a lifestyle change based on the three pillars: antioxidants, exercise, and fasting could act as a proactive preventative measure against the adverse effects of COVID-19 by maintaining redox balance and well-functioning immunity. Moreover, because of the observed diversity in the expression of COVID-19 inflammation, the role of genetics of innate immune molecules, surfactant protein A (SP-A)1 and SP-A2, and their differential impact on the local lung microenvironment and host defense is reviewed as genetics may play a major role in the diverse expression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (Z.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (Z.S.); (N.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (Z.S.); (N.G.)
| | - David S. Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) and Departments of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) and Departments of Pediatrics, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.S.P.); (J.F.)
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (F.T.); (Z.S.); (N.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2410-565-277; Fax: +30-2410-565-290
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17
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Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Sidiropoulos K, Maragou I, Skaperda Z, Kouretas D. Nutritional habits and free grazing regimen of productive animals along with specific ingredients are influential factors for the antioxidant properties of milk: From farm to market. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:31-36. [PMID: 32440347 PMCID: PMC7238402 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is a fundamental product of animal origin for human health and well-being. It possesses crucial biological properties, which depend on its composition and production methodology. To this end, one of the aims of the present study was to assess the impact of the nutritional and dwelling patterns of productive animals on the antioxidant potency of their generated milk. Thus, samples of sheep milk were collected for 30 consecutive days during the spring months from 5 different farms with different traits and its antioxidant activity was measured. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of 15 commercially available milk samples of different animal origin (i.e., cow and buffalo) and type (i.e., full-fat, light and chocolate) derived from 5 different companies. For all the experiments, the assay that examines the ability of the milk samples to reduce the DPPH• radical was used. It was thus found that the free-grazing regimen of the farm sheep dwelling at high altitude resulted in the production of milk with a greater antioxidant potential. On the other hand, it was also found that the samples of chocolate milk exhibited notably mote potent antioxidant activity than the full-fat and light samples, obviously due to the excessively high composition in antioxidant molecules present in cocoa. From this study that holistically examined the antioxidant properties of milk derived from three different productive animal species, it becomes evident that the nutritional and grazing practices, as well as specific ingredients (i.e., cocoa) lead to the generation of milk with high added biological value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Ilektra Maragou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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18
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Ahmad B, Yadav V, Yadav A, Rahman MU, Yuan WZ, Li Z, Wang X. Integrated biorefinery approach to valorize winery waste: A review from waste to energy perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:137315. [PMID: 32135320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing environmental crisis, depleting natural resources, and uncertainties in fossil fuel availability have rekindled researchers' attention to develop green and environmentally friendlier strategies. In this context, a biorefinery approach with a zero-waste theme has stepped-up as the method of choice for sustainable production of an array of industrially important products to address bio-economy challenges. Grape winery results in substantial quantities of solid organic and effluent waste, which epitomizes an increasing concentration of pollution problems with direct damage to human health, economy and nature. From the perspective of integrated biorefinery and circular economy, winery waste could be exploited for multiple purpose value-added products before using the biomass for energy security. This review covers state-of-the-art biorefinery opportunities beyond traditional methods as a solution to overcome many current challenges such as waste minimization in grape leaves, stems, seeds, pomace, wine lees, vinasse etc. and the biosynthesis of various high-value bioproducts viz., phenolic compounds, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, tartaric acids, lignocellulosic substrates etc.. The critical discussion on the valorization of winery waste (solid, liquid, or gaseous) and life cycle assessment was deployed to find a sustainable solution with value added energy products in an integrated biorefinery approach, keeping the environment and circular economy in the background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Vivek Yadav
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Ashish Yadav
- ICAR-Central Institute for Sub Tropical Horticulture, Lucknow 226101, U.P., India
| | - Mati Ur Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Wang Zhong Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China.
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Fountoucidou P, Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Docea AO, Taitzoglou IA, Liesivuori J, Tsatsakis A, Kouretas D. A mixture of routinely encountered xenobiotics induces both redox adaptations and perturbations in blood and tissues of rats after a long-term low-dose exposure regimen: The time and dose issue. Toxicol Lett 2019; 317:24-44. [PMID: 31541690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to xenobiotic mixtures is a continuous state during their everyday routine. However, the majority of toxicological studies assess the in vivo effects of individual substances rather than mixtures. Therefore, our main objective was to evaluate the impact of the 12- and 18-month exposure of rats to a mixture containing 13 pesticides, food, and life-style additives in three dosage levels (i.e. 0.0025 × NOAEL, 0.01 × NOAEL, and 0.05 × NOAEL), on redox biomarkers in blood and tissues. Our results indicate that the exposure to the mixture induces physiological adaptations by enhancing the blood antioxidant mechanism (i.e., increased glutathione, catalase and total antioxidant capacity and decreased protein carbonyls and TBARS) at 12 months of exposure. On the contrary, exposure to the 0.05 × NOAEL dose for 18 months induces significant perturbations in blood and tissue redox profile (i.e., increased carbonyls and TBARS). This study simulates a scenario of real-life risk exposure to mixtures of xenobiotics through a long-term low-dose administration regimen in rats. The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis S Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Ioannis A Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500, Larissa, Greece.
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Hassan YI, Kosir V, Yin X, Ross K, Diarra MS. Grape Pomace as a Promising Antimicrobial Alternative in Feed: A Critical Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:9705-9718. [PMID: 31393722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is among the most urgent global challenges facing sustainable animal production systems. The use of antibiotics as growth promoters and for infectious disease prevention in intensive animal-farming practices has translated into the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes in an unprecedented fashion. Several multi-resistant bacterial strains have been isolated from food-producing animals, thus constituting an alarming food-safety issue. Many industrial byproducts with potential antimicrobial properties are currently being investigated to identify empirical and affordable solutions/alternatives that can potentially be used in feed for animals. Grape pomace is among such byproducts that gained the attention as a result of its low cost, abundance, and, most importantly, its bioactive and antibacterial properties. This review discusses the recently reported studies with regard to exploring the use of grape pomace (and its extracts) in animal production to control pathogens, along with the promotion of beneficial bacterial species in the gut to ultimately alleviate antibacterial resistance. The review further summarizes realistic expectations connected with grape pomace usage and lists the still-to-be-addressed concerns about its application in animal agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef I Hassan
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
| | - Veronika Kosir
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
| | - Xianhua Yin
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
| | - Kelly Ross
- Summerland Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Summerland , British Columbia V0H 1Z0 , Canada
| | - Moussa S Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre , Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Guelph , Ontario N1G 5C9 , Canada
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21
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Salehi B, Vlaisavljevic S, Adetunji CO, Adetunji JB, Kregiel D, Antolak H, Pawlikowska E, Uprety Y, Mileski KS, Devkota HP, Sharifi-Rad J, Das G, Patra JK, Jugran AK, Segura-Carretero A, Contreras MDM. Plants of the genus Vitis: Phenolic compounds, anticancer properties and clinical relevance. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Zhou Y, Mao S, Zhou M. Effect of the flavonoid baicalein as a feed additive on the growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2790-2799. [PMID: 30778569 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalein, the main flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been demonstrated to exert multiple pharmacological effects, and thus could be utilized as a potential feed additive in broiler chickens. This study evaluated the effects of broiler chicken diet supplementation with baicalein on growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant activity at levels of 100 and 200 mg/kg. No significant effect on average daily feed intake (P > 0.05) of broilers with diets supplemented with baicalein was found compared to those on the basal diet or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) during the 35-d feeding trial. The addition of baicalein to the basal diet significantly increased average body weight, body weight gain, average weight gain, and the feed conversion ratio of birds during 21 to 42 d and 7 to 42 d of age, respectively. The best numerical values for the overall growth performance were observed in broilers fed on diets containing 200 mg/kg of baicalein. Baicalein supplementation significantly increased the ratio of CD3+/CD4+ and CD3±/CD8+, the concentration of IFN-γ, anti-IB antibody titer, and the spleen index compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Total cholesterol, the ratio of non-HDL-C/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased after intake of baicalein compared with both the basal diet and the BHT-supplemented diet, whereas the SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activity in the serum increased with the supplementation of baicalein. The T-AOC activity, T-SOD, and GSH-Px level in liver tissues was significantly increased by inclusion of baicalein, and intake of baicalein or BHT significantly decreased the malondialdehyde level found both in serum and meat tissue. Thus, the results obtained here indicate that the baicalein can be used as an effective natural feed additive in broiler chicken diets, and that 100 to 200 mg/kg can be considered as the optimum dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefei Zhou
- Department of Life Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Shanguo Mao
- Department of Life Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Meixian Zhou
- Department of Life Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing 211171, Jiangsu province, China
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Gontijo DC, Gontijo PC, Brandão GC, Diaz MAN, de Oliveira AB, Fietto LG, Leite JPV. Antioxidant study indicative of antibacterial and antimutagenic activities of an ellagitannin-rich aqueous extract from the leaves of Miconia latecrenata. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 236:114-123. [PMID: 30853643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance; Several plant species of Miconia genus are commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine as anti-inflammatory agents and for the treatment of infectious diseases. Infusions and extracts of Miconia species are also reported as analgesic, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antimutagenic, and antitumoral. Aim of the study; To determine the phytochemical composition of an aqueous extract of Miconia latecrenata leaves and to evaluate its antioxidant, antibacterial, antimutagenic and antigenotoxic activities. Materials and Methods; The following methods were used for the different effects: I) antioxidant - β-carotene/linoleic acid, lipid peroxidation, and DPPH• radical scavenging; II) antibacterial - agar well diffusion and MIC methods); III) antimutagenic assays - Ames Test; and IV) antigenotoxic - Plasmid cleavage test. The phytochemical analysis and phenolic quantification were carried out by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and colorimetry, respectively. In addition, statistical correlation analysis was performed aiming to evaluate the Pearson correlation between phenolic compounds and biological assays. Results; A high content of tannins was observed and the ellagitannin isomers of 1,2,3,5-tris-galloyl-4,6-HHDP-glucose were identified as the main constituents of the leaves aqueous extract. High antioxidant effect, in different tests, high antibacterial activity to gram-positive and negative strains, as well as high antimutagenic activity were observed. Statistical analysis showed a high Pearson correlation for the tannin content in relation to the results of the antioxidant and antibacterial tests. In general, the antioxidant action of the aqueous extract showed low correlation with the antimutagenic activity. Conclusions; The present results confirmed the expectations regarding the pharmacological profile of M. latecrenata supporting its therapeutic potential in relation to ROS/RNS related disorders. Furthermore, the phenolic compounds of M. latecrenata can act, in turn, minimizing or inhibiting the biological macromolecules damage, especially DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Costa Gontijo
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, CEP, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Pablo Costa Gontijo
- Setor de Agronomia, Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, CEP, 75901-970, Rio Verde, GO, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Célio Brandão
- Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Morro do Cruzeiro, s/n, CEP, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Marisa Alves Nogueira Diaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, CEP, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Alaíde Braga de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciano Gomes Fietto
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, CEP, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Viana Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P.H. Rolfs, s/n - Campus Universitário, CEP, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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24
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A battery of translational biomarkers for the assessment of the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant action of plant polyphenolic compounds: The biomarker issue. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Makri S, Kafantaris I, Savva S, Ntanou P, Stagos D, Argyroulis I, Kotsampasi B, Christodoulou V, Gerasopoulos K, Petrotos K, Komiotis D, Kouretas D. Novel Feed Including Olive Oil Mill Wastewater Bioactive Compounds Enhanced the Redox Status of Lambs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:291-302. [PMID: 29475912 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of a feed supplemented with polyphenolic additives from olive mill wastewater (OMW) on lambs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lambs received breast milk until the postnatal period, and then they were divided into two groups and received control and OMW feed for 55 days. Redox biomarkers were measured in blood and tissues at days 15, 42 and 70 after feeding. RESULTS Feed supplemented with OMW reduced thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonyls and increased total antioxidant capacity, glutathione and catalase activity in both blood and tissues. CONCLUSION The administration of OMW-containing feed reinforced the antioxidant defense of lambs, which may improve their wellbeing and productivity. Additionally, this exploitation of OMW may solve problems of environmental pollution in areas with olive oil industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Salomi Savva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Ntanou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Argyroulis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Basiliki Kotsampasi
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Vladimiros Christodoulou
- Research Institute of Animal Science/Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Giannitsa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gerasopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Biosystem Engineering, Technical Education Institute of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Petrotos
- Department of Biosystem Engineering, Technical Education Institute of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Komiotis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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26
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Safety evaluation, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of subchronically dietary supplemented high dosing grape seed powder (GSP) to healthy rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:534-546. [PMID: 30114637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape seed powder (GSP) contains high amount of bioactive polyphenols usually used as nutritional supplement or food preservatives due to their antioxidant and scavenging properties. The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the safety of increasing dosage GSP (w/w) of 0.5%, 5%, 10% and 20% corresponding to 0.4, 4, 8 and 16 g/kg bw respectively, when administered sub-chronically to Wistar rats in a 2 month-repeated dosing oral toxicity trial. Overally GSP had no effect on food intake, decreased body weight gain without affecting brain, liver, heart or kidney relative weight. GSP did not alter haematology except an increase in platelets, slightly decreased plasma transaminases, creatinine, urea and xanthine oxidase activity, without affecting uricemia, glycemia, triglyceridemia and cholesterolemia. GSP did not affect intracellular mediators as calcium, free iron or H2O2, but exerted real anti-oxidative properties in the four selected organs as assessed by lower lipoperoxidation and carbonylation, higher non protein thiols and antioxidant enzyme activities as CAT, GPx and SOD. Besides GSP exerted anti-inflammatory properties as supported by lower plasma IL17 A and CRP and higher IL10 and adiponectin. Histopathologically GSP provoked the dilation of heart and kidney arterioles and increased the size of the hippocampal dentate gyrus reflecting higher neurogenesis as assessed by Ki-67 labeling. Under the experimental conditions of the current study, GSP appeared as highly safe even when administered at very high dosage and could find potential applications in a variety of biotic or abiotic stresses-induced multi-organ dysfunction.
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Docea AO, Gofita E, Goumenou M, Calina D, Rogoveanu O, Varut M, Olaru C, Kerasioti E, Fountoucidou P, Taitzoglou I, Zlatian O, Rakitskii VN, Hernandez AF, Kouretas D, Tsatsakis A. Six months exposure to a real life mixture of 13 chemicals' below individual NOAELs induced non monotonic sex-dependent biochemical and redox status changes in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:470-481. [PMID: 29621577 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the potential adverse health effects of long-term low-dose exposure to chemical mixtures simulating complex real-life human exposures. Four groups of Sprague Dawley rats were administered mixtures containing carbaryl, dimethoate, glyphosate, methomyl, methyl parathion, triadimefon, aspartame, sodium benzoate, calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate, ethylparaben, butylparaben, bisphenol A, and acacia gum at doses of 0, 0.25, 1 or 5 times the respective Toxicological Reference Values (TRV): acceptable daily intake (ADI) or tolerable daily intake (TDI) in a 24 weeks toxicity study. Body weight gain, feed and water consumption were evaluated weekly. At 24 weeks blood was collected and biochemistry parameters and redox status markers were assessed. Adverse effects were observed on body weight gain and in hepatotoxic parameters such as the total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), especially in low dose and affecting mainly male rats. The low dose group showed increased catalase activity both in females and males, whereas the high dose group exhibited decreased protein carbonyl and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in both sex groups. Non-monotonic effects and adaptive responses on liver function tests and redox status, leading to non-linear dose-responses curves, are probably produced by modulation of different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Eliza Gofita
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Marina Goumenou
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece; European Food Safety Authority, Italy
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Otilia Rogoveanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Marius Varut
- Department of Physics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Cristian Olaru
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Polyxeni Fountoucidou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Taitzoglou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ovidiu Zlatian
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Craiova, 200349, Romania
| | | | - Antonio F Hernandez
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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28
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Kerasioti E, Stagos D, Tsatsakis AM, Spandidos DA, Taitzoglou I, Kouretas D. Effects of sheep/goat whey protein dietary supplementation on the redox status of rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5774-5781. [PMID: 29484396 PMCID: PMC5866020 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to estimate the effects of sheep/goat whey protein dietary supplementation on the redox status of blood and tissues of rats. Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into the control group (standard commercial diet) and whey group [standard commercial diet + sheep/goat whey protein (1 g kg b.w/day)] (6 rats/group). The animals were maintainted on their respective diet for 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, reduced glutathione, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity, thiobarbituric reactive substances, protein carbonyls and the decomposition rate of H2O2 were measured in blood and tissues of rats. According to the results, the rats fed with the sheep/goat whey protein exhibited improved antioxidant status and decreased free radical-induced toxic effects on lipids and proteins. Specifically, in blood, GSH and CAT levels were significantly increased while TBARS and protein carbonyl levels were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Regarding the effects on tissues, it was observed that GSH levels were significantly increased in small intestine, quadriceps muscle, pancreas and lung tissue compared to the control group. The decomposition rate of H2O2 was significantly decreased in liver, brain and quadriceps muscle, but was significantly increased in spleen tissue compared to the control group. TBARS levels were significantly decreased in liver, brain, quadriceps muscle, pancreas, lung and spleen tissue compared to the control group. Finally, protein carbonyl levels were significantly decreased in brain, small intestine, kidney, pancreas and spleen tissue compared to the control group. Thus, the present findings show the beneficial effects of sheep/goat whey protein, a by-product of cheese manufacturing, on the redox status in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Ioannis Taitzoglou
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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29
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Johar D, Maher A, Aboelmagd O, Hammad A, Morsi M, Warda HF, Awad HI, Mohamed TA, Zaky S. Whole-food phytochemicals antioxidative potential in alloxan-diabetic rats. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:240-250. [PMID: 29854595 PMCID: PMC5977378 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean and whole-wheat have beneficial effects on the oxidative status of AD rats more than broadbean. Feeding dried wheat is effective in improving MDA, GSH and α-T levels. Germination is favorable than drying and moistened heat. Germination enhances the effect of soybeans on TAGs and in the case of soy and wheat enhanced the effect on total cholesterol. Diabetic patients, beside controlling their hyperglycaemia with medication, are recommended to include whole foods containing naturally occurring phytochemicals to ameliorate their oxidative status. Possible protective factors in the diet such as flavonoids, lutein, lycopene, lignans, and saponins, may provide new strategies to enhance diet and health of diabetic patients.
Background The importance of whole-food antioxidants in terms of promoting antioxidant recycling in the body in complex human diseases is not fully understood. We aim to discuss the benefits of whole-food antioxidants in ameliorating the diabetic complications in vivo and to address the effect of germination versus heat processing or drying on the potential therapeutic effect of whole grains and legumes. We studied the antioxidant status of alloxan-diabetic (AD) male Spargue Dawley rats, injected intraperitoneally with alloxan dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, and fed on experimental diets based on the flour of soybean, broadbean and whole-wheat for five weeks. Results Diabetes-induced oxidative stress in liver was manifested by significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocytes superoxide dismutase (eSOD) and plasma alpha-tocopherol (α-T) levels, reduction in hepatic glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. Consumption of soybean and whole-wheat both had beneficial effects on the oxidative status of AD rats more than broadbean. Feeding dried wheat was effective in improving MDA, GSH and α-T levels. Soybeans and wheat lowered triacylglycerols (TAGs) and tended to lower total cholesterol. Germination enhanced the effect of soybeans on TAGs and in the case of soy and wheat enhanced the effect on total cholesterol. Conclusion Whole foods containing naturally occurring phytochemicals and antioxidant vitamins such as legumes and whole grains are recommended, alongside medication, for controlling hyperglycaemia, blood lipids and oxidative status in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Johar
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Women for Arts, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Ahmed Maher
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omnia Aboelmagd
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr AlAiny, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ali Hammad
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr AlAiny, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Morsi
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Hamdy F Warda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamdy I Awad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Taha A Mohamed
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr AlAiny, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samy Zaky
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Grape pomace improves performance, antioxidant status, fecal microbiota and meat quality of piglets. Animal 2018; 12:246-255. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117001604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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31
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Dassarma B, Nandi DK, Gangopadhyay S, Samanta S. Hepatoprotective effect of food preservatives (butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene) on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Toxicol Rep 2017; 5:31-37. [PMID: 29276688 PMCID: PMC5730417 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The report about dose (230 mg/kg body wt/rat/day) that had been used for development of hepatotoxicity in male albino rat (Wister strain) was taken from our own previous study and it had never been used by any other group of researchers. This study had shown the detailed results of ROS mediated hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress profiles which was one of the important reports among the previous findings. GARS grade synthetic food preservative BHA, BHT could be able to reduce the hepatotoxicity in male albino (Wister strain) rats and it is the first time report in our study.
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a hepatotoxic agent is widely used to study the toxic mechanisms in experimental animals. This study was carried out to establish the hepatoprotective measures of food preservative antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytolune (BHA, BHT) when mixed with food towards carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication (230 mg/ kg b wt/rat/day) in rat. Biochemical markers like serum glutamate pyruvate tranaminase (AST), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin content, antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPx, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as the end product of lipid peroxidanion were measured. The results had shown the elevated level of AST (121.16%), ALT (124.68%), ALP (122.41%) an, bilirubin content (57.14%) after CCl4 treatment. Marked decrease of activity of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD (85.36%), CAT (67.47%), GPx (50.7%) had indicated that the ROS mediated toxicity and pretreatment of BHA and BHT restored the activity of these enzymes. High level of MDA content with reduced GSH value was also observed due to oxidative stress. The hepatic antioxidant status was restored with the food preservative (BHA, BHT) antioxidant treatment which had indicated the significant protective effect against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity and finally confirmed by histopathological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barsha Dassarma
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, 721101, West Bengal, India
| | - Dilip K Nandi
- Department of Physiology and Nutrition, Raja N.L. Khan Women's College, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Gangopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Occupational Ergonomics Laboratory, University College of Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, Calcutta, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptadip Samanta
- Department of Physiology, Midnapore College, Midnapore, 721101, West Bengal, India
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Enhancement of Antioxidant Mechanisms and Reduction of Oxidative Stress in Chickens after the Administration of Drinking Water Enriched with Polyphenolic Powder from Olive Mill Waste Waters. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8273160. [PMID: 29138680 PMCID: PMC5613686 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8273160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a polyphenolic powder from olive mill wastewater (OMWW) administered through drinking water, on chickens' redox status. Thus, 75 chickens were divided into three groups. Group A was given just drinking water, while groups B and C were given drinking water containing 20 and 50 μg/ml of polyphenols, respectively, for 45 days. The antioxidant effects of the polyphenolic powder were assessed by measuring oxidative stress biomarkers in blood after 25 and 45 days of treatment. These markers were total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyls (CARB), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in plasma, and glutathione (GSH) and catalase activity in erythrocytes. The results showed that CARB and TBARS were decreased significantly in groups B and C, and SOD decreased in group B compared to that in group A. TAC was increased significantly in group C and GSH was increased in group B, while catalase activity was increased in groups B and C compared to that in group A. In conclusion, this is the first study showing that supplementation of chickens with polyphenols from OMWW through drinking water enhanced their antioxidant mechanisms and reduced oxidative stress-induced damage.
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33
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Kerasioti E, Terzopoulou Z, Komini O, Kafantaris I, Makri S, Stagos D, Gerasopoulos K, Anisimov NY, Tsatsakis AM, Kouretas D. Tissue specific effects of feeds supplemented with grape pomace or olive oil mill wastewater on detoxification enzymes in sheep. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:364-372. [PMID: 28959661 PMCID: PMC5615154 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of livestock feed supplemented with grape pomace (GP) or olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) byproducts on the enzymatic activity and protein expression of antioxidants enzymes, in liver and spleen tissue of sheep. Thus, 36 male sheep of Chios breed were divided into 3 homogeneous groups, control group (n = 12), GP group (n = 12) and OMW group (n = 12), receiving standard or experimental feed. Liver and spleen tissues were collected at 42 and 70 days post-birth. The enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and also the protein expression of γ-synthase glutamyl custeine (γ-GCS) were determined in these tissues. The results showed GP group exhibited increased enzymatic activity of GST and protein expression of γ-GCS in liver compared to control group. In GP group's spleen, GST activity was increased compared to control but γ-GCS expression was not affected. In OMW group's liver, GST activity was increased and γ-GCS expression was reduced compared to control. In OMW group's spleen, GST activity was increased but GCS expression was not affected. SOD activity was not affected in both tissues either in GP or OMW group.
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Key Words
- AREs, antioxidant response elements
- CDNB, 1 chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
- DETAPAC, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphatedehydrogenase
- GP, grape pomace
- GS, glutathione synthase
- GSH, glutathione
- GST, glutathione-s-transferase
- Glutathione-s-transferase (GST)
- Grape pomace (GP)
- HEPES, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid
- KCl, potassium chloride
- KOH, potassium hydroxide
- Keap1, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
- MgCl2, magnesium chloride
- NBT, nitroblue tetrazolium
- NaCl, sodium chloride
- Nrf2, nuclear factor-like 2
- OMW, olive oil mill wastewater
- Olive oil mill wastewater (OMW)
- PVDF, polyvinylidene difluoride membranes
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
- XO, xanthine oxidase
- γ-GCS, γ-synthase glutamyl cysteine
- γ-synthase glutamyl custeine (γ-GCS)
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Zoi Terzopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Ourania Komini
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Sotiria Makri
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
| | | | | | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41500, Greece
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