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Xia S, He Y, Yang S, Zhang L, Yu X, Zhen L, Wang C, Lv H. Licochalcone A mitigates aflatoxin B1-induced immunotoxicity via ferroptosis in bursa of broilers and macrophages. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104080. [PMID: 39106705 PMCID: PMC11343056 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a mycotoxin which is responsible for severe damage to the immune system of humans and livestock. Licochalcone A (Lico A), a polyphenol derived from turmeric, has attracted great attention due to its wonderful antioxidant properties. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death related to oxidative stress, which plays a crucial role in the resistance of phytochemical to immune-associated injury. Nevertheless, effects of Lico A on the bursa of broilers exposed to AFB1 remain unclear. In this work, broilers were fed diets supplemented with 2 mg/kg of AFB1 and 50 mg/kg of Lico A. Meanwhile, various concentrations of Lico A and AFB1 (15 μM) were used to stimulate macrophages. These results revealed that AFB1 resulted in more severe bursa atrophy and relative weight reduction; the expression of pro-ferroptosis protein ACSL4 and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly elevated, while the expression of anti-ferroptosis proteins GPX4, xCT, FSP1 and the content of Glutathione (GSH) was obviously reduced. However, Lico A treatment effectively reversed these effects in the bursa of broilers. Meanwhile, in bursa and macrophages, Lico A mitigated the expression of AFB1-induced apoptosis-associated protein (Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2) as well as antioxidant protein (Nrf2, GCLM, HO-1). Importantly, ferroptosis was also observed in macrophages induced by AFB1. Lico A efficaciously alleviated AFB1-induced mitochondrial membrane potential decrease and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in macrophages; in contrast, Lico A evidently inhibited AFB1-triggered ROS generation and cytotoxicity, which was disabled by the addition of Erastin. Moreover, Liproxstatin-1 significantly inhibited ROS generation induced by AFB1. In summary, the present study elucidates that the main mechanism by which Lico A attenuates AFB1-induced immunotoxicity is through the suppression of ferroptosis, apoptosis, mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress, which is promising for the improvement of immunotoxic effects of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Songya Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Lihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Li Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chunren Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Hongming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China.
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Yang C, Ning X, Wang B, Tian T, Chen Y, Ma L, Wang L. Association between spectrum of mycotoxins and semen quality: A cross-sectional study in Beijing, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135124. [PMID: 38981237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to mycotoxins is unavoidable in daily life through ingestion, dermal, and inhalation routes. Toxicological studies found that exposure to mycotoxins might affect male reproductive function. However, there is still a lack of population evidence. We aimed to assess the association of individual and joint exposure to spectrum of mycotoxins with semen quality. The present study included 192 participants in Beijing, China. We measured conventional semen parameters and assessed semen quality. Sixty-seven traditional or emerging mycotoxins were determined to describe the spectrum of mycotoxins. The participants were widely exposed to multiple mycotoxins, and nearly half were simultaneously exposed to more than six mycotoxins. After adjusting potential confounders, logistic regression indicated that the number and concentration of plasma mycotoxin were correlated to the risk of low semen quality. Plasma beauvericin and citrinin concentrations were associated with lower semen quality. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression showed similar results to logistic regression. Quantile-based g-computation and Bayesian kernel machine regression models found that the mixture of mycotoxins was harmful to semen quality, especially in sperm motility. In conclusion, both individual and mixture of mycotoxin exposure were correlated with lower semen quality. More regulations and measures should be taken to reduce mycotoxin contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao Ning
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, National Institute of Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Urology Surgery, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100006, China.
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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3
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Gómez-Osorio LM, Vasiljevic M, Raj J, Chaparro-Gutierréz JJ, López-Osorio S. Mycotoxins and coccidiosis in poultry - co-occurrence, interaction, and effects. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1387856. [PMID: 39149147 PMCID: PMC11326241 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1387856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian coccidiosis, a common disease caused by Eimeria species, results in significant losses in global poultry production. Mycotoxins are low-molecular-weight natural products (i.e., small molecules) produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi and they have the potential to economically and significantly affect global poultry production. Little is known about the relationship between mycotoxins and avian coccidiosis, although they often co-occur in the field. This comprehensive review examines the intricate relationship between mycotoxins and avian coccidiosis, in particular how mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes as well as Fusarium mycotoxins, compromise the health of the poultry flock and open the door to Eimeria parasites in the gut. In addition, this review sheds light on the immunosuppressive effects of mycotoxins, their disruption of cellular signaling pathways, and the consequent exacerbation of coccidiosis infections. The mechanisms of mycotoxin toxicity are also reviewed, emphasizing direct damage to intestinal epithelial cells, impaired nutrient absorption, inflammation, oxidative stress, and changes in the gut microbiota. Finally, the consequences for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis when mycotoxins are present in the feed are discussed. This review emphasizes the need for effective management strategies to mitigate the combined risks of mycotoxins and coccidiosis and highlights the complexity of diagnosing and controlling these interrelated problems in poultry. The review advocates a holistic approach that includes strict feed management, disease prevention measures and regular monitoring to maintain the health and productivity of poultry against these significant challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis-Miguel Gómez-Osorio
- CIBAV Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Patent Co., DOO., Mišićevo, Serbia
| | | | - Jog Raj
- Patent Co., DOO., Mišićevo, Serbia
| | | | - Sara López-Osorio
- CIBAV Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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Jin X, Wang C, Chen C, Hai S, Rahman SU, Zhao C, Huang W, Feng S, Wang X. Allicin attenuates the oxidative damage induced by Aflatoxin B 1 in dairy cow hepatocytes via the Nrf2 signalling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116527. [PMID: 38833978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is known to inhibit growth, and inflict hepatic damage by interfering with protein synthesis. Allicin, has been acknowledged as an efficacious antioxidant capable of shielding the liver from oxidative harm. This study aimed to examine the damage caused by AFB1 on bovine hepatic cells and the protective role of allicin against AFB1-induced cytotoxicity. In this study, cells were pretreated with allicin before the addition of AFB1 for co-cultivation. Our findings indicate that AFB1 compromises cellular integrity, suppresses the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In addition, allicin attenuates oxidative damage to bovine hepatic cells caused by AFB1 by promoting the expression of the Nrf2 pathway and reducing cell apoptosis. In conclusion, the results of this study will help advance clinical research and applications, providing new options and directions for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chenlong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chuangjiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Sirao Hai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Sajid Ur Rahman
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wanyue Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Animal Food Quality and Bio-safety, Hefei 230036, China.
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Matsuzaka R, Yamaguchi H, Ohira C, Kurita T, Iwashita N, Takagi Y, Nishino T, Noda K, Sugita K, Kushiro M, Miyake S, Fukuyama T. Sub-acute oral exposure to lowest observed adverse effect level of nivalenol exacerbates atopic dermatitis in mice via direct activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signal in antigen-presenting cells. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2173-2183. [PMID: 38616237 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the immunotoxic effects of the mycotoxin nivalenol (NIV) using antigen-presenting cells and a mouse model of atopic dermatitis (AD). In vitro experiments were conducted using a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and mouse dendritic cell line (DC 2.4). After cells were exposed to NIV (0.19-5 µmol) for 24 h, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) was quantified. To further investigate the inflammatory cytokine production pathway, the possible involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, such as ERK1/2, p-38, and JNK, in NIV exposure was analyzed using MAPK inhibitors and phosphorylation analyses. In addition, the pro-inflammatory effects of oral exposure to NIV at low concentrations (1 or 5 ppm) were evaluated in an NC/Nga mouse model of hapten-induced AD. In vitro experiments demonstrated that exposure to NIV significantly enhanced the production of TNFα. In addition, it also directly induced the phosphorylation of MAPK, indicated by the inhibition of TNFα production following pretreatment with MAPK inhibitors. Oral exposure to NIV significantly exacerbated the symptoms of AD, including a significant increase in helper T cells and IgE-produced B cells in auricular lymph nodes and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, compared with the vehicle control group. Our findings indicate that exposure to NIV directly enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p-38, and JNK, resulting in a significant increase in TNFα production in antigen-presenting cells, which is closely related to the development of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reo Matsuzaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaguchi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chiharu Ohira
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoe Kurita
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Naoki Iwashita
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Bioalch Co., Ltd, 3-28 Honshuku-Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiichi Takagi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Japan SLC, Inc, 85 Ohara-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nishino
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kyoko Noda
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1, Otsuka, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Sugita
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masayo Kushiro
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8642, Japan
| | - Shiro Miyake
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukuyama
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Center for Human and Animal Symbiosis Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Azabu University, 1-17-71, Fuchinobe, Chuo-Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.
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Liao C, Xu F, Yu Z, Ding K, Jia Y. The Novel Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Mycotoxin-Induced Toxicological Mechanisms. Vet Sci 2024; 11:291. [PMID: 39057975 PMCID: PMC11281663 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11070291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungi and moulds that exert toxicological effects on animals including immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, and neurotoxicity. However, the toxicological mechanisms of mycotoxins are complex and unclear. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimeric cytosolic protein complex composed of the NLRP3 sensor, ASC adapter protein, and caspase-1 effector. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in innate immune defence and homeostatic maintenance. Recent studies have revealed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is linked to tissue damage and inflammation induced by mycotoxin exposure. Thus, this review summarises the latest advancements in research on the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of mycotoxin exposure. The effects of exposure to multiple mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol, aflatoxin B1, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, and fumonisim B1, on pyroptosis-related factors and inflammation-related factors in vitro and in vivo and the pharmacological inhibition of specific and nonspecific NLRP3 inhibitors are summarized and examined. This comprehensive review contributes to a better understanding of the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in toxicity induced by mycotoxin exposure and provides novel insights for pharmacologically targeting NLRP3 as a novel anti-inflammatory agent against mycotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshui Liao
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (C.L.); (F.X.); (Z.Y.); (K.D.)
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang 471023, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Fengru Xu
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (C.L.); (F.X.); (Z.Y.); (K.D.)
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang 471023, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zuhua Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (C.L.); (F.X.); (Z.Y.); (K.D.)
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang 471023, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (C.L.); (F.X.); (Z.Y.); (K.D.)
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang 471023, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (C.L.); (F.X.); (Z.Y.); (K.D.)
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Luoyang 471023, China
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Beraza E, Serrano-Civantos M, Izco M, Alvarez-Erviti L, Gonzalez-Peñas E, Vettorazzi A. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection Method for Ochratoxin A Quantification in Small Mice Sample Volumes: Versatile Application across Diverse Matrices Relevant for Neurodegeneration Research. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:213. [PMID: 38787065 PMCID: PMC11125890 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16050213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin commonly found in various food products, which poses potential health risks to humans and animals. Recently, more attention has been directed towards its potential neurodegenerative effects. However, there are currently no fully validated HPLC analytical methods established for its quantification in mice, the primary animal model in this field, that include pivotal tissues in this area of research, such as the intestine and brain. To address this gap, we developed and validated a highly sensitive, rapid, and simple method using HPLC-FLD for OTA determination in mice tissues (kidney, liver, brain, and intestine) as well as plasma samples. The method was rigorously validated for selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, dilution integrity, carry-over effect, stability, and robustness, meeting the validation criteria outlined by FDA and EMA guidelines. Furthermore, the described method enables the quantification of OTA in each individual sample using minimal tissue mass while maintaining excellent recovery values. The applicability of the method was demonstrated in a repeated low-dose OTA study in Balb/c mice, which, together with the inclusion of relevant and less common tissues in the validation process, underscore its suitability for neurodegeneration-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elba Beraza
- MITOX Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.S.-C.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Maria Serrano-Civantos
- MITOX Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.S.-C.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Maria Izco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (M.I.); (L.A.-E.)
| | - Lydia Alvarez-Erviti
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (M.I.); (L.A.-E.)
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Peñas
- MITOX Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.S.-C.); (E.G.-P.)
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- MITOX Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.B.); (M.S.-C.); (E.G.-P.)
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Sun Z, You Y, Xu H, You Y, He W, Wang Z, Li A, Xia Y. Food-Grade Expression of Two Laccases in Pichia pastoris and Study on Their Enzymatic Degradation Characteristics for Mycotoxins. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38600054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination poses substantial health risks to humans and animals. In this study, the two laccases PpLac1 and AoLac2 from Pleurotus pulmonarius and Aspergillus oryzae were selected and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris in a food-grade manner to detoxify aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN), and deoxynivalenol (DON). Both laccases exhibited degradation activity toward these three mycotoxins, while the efficiency of these for DON was relatively low. Therefore, molecular docking between these laccases and DON was conducted to analyze their potential interaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the degradation conditions of AFB1 and ZEN by the two laccases were optimized, and the optimal degradation rates for AFB1 and ZEN by PpLac1 reached 78.51 and 78.90%, while those for AFB1 and ZEN by AoLac2 reached 72.27 and 80.60%, respectively. The laccases PpLac1 and AoLac2 successfully transformed AFB1 and ZEN into the compounds AFQ1 and 15-OH-ZEN, which were 90 and 98% less toxic than the original compounds, respectively. Moreover, the culture supernatants demonstrated effective mycotoxin degradation results for AFB1 and ZEN in contaminated feed samples. The residual levels of AFB1 and ZEN in all samples ranged from 6.61 to 8.72 μg/kg and 3.44 to 98.15 μg/kg, respectively, and these levels were below the limit set by the European Union standards. All of the results in this study indicated that the two laccases have excellent application potential in the feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yingxin You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Huidong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang You
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenjing He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Aitao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Chen H, Ye L, Wang Y, Chen J, Wang J, Li X, Lei H, Liu Y. Aflatoxin B 1 exposure causes splenic pyroptosis by disturbing the gut microbiota-immune axis. Food Funct 2024; 15:3615-3628. [PMID: 38470843 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04717b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes serious immunotoxicity and has attracted considerable attention owing to its high sensitivity and common chemical-viral interactions in living organisms. However, the sensitivity of different species to AFB1 widely varies, which cannot be explained by the different metabolism in species. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the immune system, but the interaction of the microbiota with AFB1-induced immunotoxicity still needs to be determined. Our results indicated that AFB1 exposure disrupted the structure of the gut microbiota and damaged the gut barrier, which caused translocation of microbiota metabolites, lipopolysaccharides, to the spleen. Subsequently, pyroptosis of the spleen was activated. Interestingly, AFB1 exposure had little effect on the splenic pyroptosis of pseudo-germfree mice (antibiotic mixtures eliminated their gut microbiota, ABX). Then, fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) and sterile fecal filtrate (SFF) were employed to validate the function of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in AFB1-induced splenic pyroptosis. The AFB1-disrupted microbiota and its metabolites significantly promoted splenic pyroptosis, which was worse than that in control mice. Overall, AFB1-induced splenic pyroptosis is associated with the gut microbiota and its metabolites, which was further demonstrated by FMT and SFF. The mechanism of AFB1-induced splenic pyroptosis was explored for the first time, which paves a new way for preventing and treating the immunotoxicity from mycotoxins by regulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huodai Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yurun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jiahong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Xueling Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Hongtao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan, 517000, China
| | - Yunle Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Heyuan Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Heyuan, 517000, China
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de Sales-Neto JM, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. Immunosuppressive effects of the mycotoxin patulin in macrophages. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:166. [PMID: 38485821 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03928-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Patulin (PAT) is a fungi-derived secondary metabolite produced by numerous fungal species, especially within Aspergillus, Byssochlamys, and Penicillium genera, amongst which P. expansum is the foremost producer. Similar to other fungi-derived metabolites, PAT has been shown to have diverse biological features. Initially, PAT was used as an effective antimicrobial agent against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Then, PAT has been shown to possess immunosuppressive properties encompassing humoral and cellular immune response, immune cell function and activation, phagocytosis, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production, cytokine release, and nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases activation. Macrophages are a heterogeneous population of immune cells widely distributed throughout organs and connective tissue. The chief function of macrophages is to engulf and destroy foreign bodies through phagocytosis; this ability was fundamental to his discovery. However, macrophages play other well-established roles in immunity. Thus, considering the central role of macrophages in the immune response, we review the immunosuppressive effects of PAT in macrophages and provide the possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Marreiro de Sales-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP: 58051-900, PB, BR, Brazil
| | - Sandra Rodrigues-Mascarenhas
- Laboratory of Immunobiotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP: 58051-900, PB, BR, Brazil.
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11
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Ruan H, Zhang J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Wu J, He C, Ke T, Luo J, Yang M. 27-Hydroxycholesterol/liver X receptor/apolipoprotein E mediates zearalenone-induced intestinal immunosuppression: A key target potentially linking zearalenone and cancer. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:371-388. [PMID: 38618245 PMCID: PMC11010457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin that extensively contaminates food and feed, posing a significant threat to public health. However, the mechanisms behind ZEN-induced intestinal immunotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to ZEN at a dosage of 5 mg/kg/day b.w. for a duration of 14 days. The results demonstrated that ZEN exposure led to notable pathological alterations and immunosuppression within the intestine. Furthermore, ZEN exposure caused a significant reduction in the levels of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and liver X receptor (LXR) (P < 0.05). Conversely, it upregulated the levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) markers (P < 0.05) and decreased the presence of 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC) in the intestine (P < 0.05). It was observed that ApoE or LXR agonists were able to mitigate the immunosuppressive effects induced by ZEN. Additionally, a bioinformatics analysis highlighted that the downregulation of ApoE might elevate the susceptibility to colorectal, breast, and lung cancers. These findings underscore the crucial role of the 27-HC/LXR/ApoE axis disruption in ZEN-induced MDSCs proliferation and subsequent inhibition of T lymphocyte activation within the rat intestine. Notably, ApoE may emerge as a pivotal target linking ZEN exposure to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiashuo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunjiao He
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tongwei Ke
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
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Niu J, Ma B, Shen J, Chi H, Zhou H, Lu Z, Lu F, Zhu P. Structure-Guided Steric Hindrance Engineering of Devosia Strain A6-243 Quinone-Dependent Dehydrogenase to Enhance Its Catalytic Efficiency. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:549-558. [PMID: 38153089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), the most widely distributed mycotoxin worldwide, causes severe health risks for humans and animals. Quinone-dependent dehydrogenase derived from Devosia strain A6-243 (DADH) can degrade DON into less toxic 3-keto-DON and then aldo-keto reductase AKR13B3 can reduce 3-keto-DON into relatively nontoxic 3-epi-DON. However, the poor catalytic efficiency of DADH made it unsuitable for practical applications, and it has become the rate-limiting step of the two-step enzymatic cascade catalysis. Here, structure-guided steric hindrance engineering was employed to enhance the catalytic efficiency of DADH. After the steric hindrance engineering, the best mutant, V429G/N431V/T432V/L434V/F537A (M5-1), showed an 18.17-fold increase in specific activity and an 11.04-fold increase in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) compared with that of wild-type DADH. Structure-based computational analysis provided information on the increased catalytic efficiency in the directions that attenuated steric hindrance, which was attributed to the reshaped substrate-binding pocket with an expanded catalytic binding cavity and a favorable attack distance. Tunnel analysis suggested that reshaping the active cavity by mutation might alter the shape and size of the enzyme tunnels or form one new enzyme tunnel, which might contribute to the improved catalytic efficiency of M5-1. These findings provide a promising strategy to enhance the catalytic efficiency by steric hindrance engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Niu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huibing Chi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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13
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Ghozal M, Kadawathagedara M, Delvert R, Divaret-Chauveau A, Raherison C, Varraso R, Bédard A, Crépet A, Sirot V, Charles MA, Adel-Patient K, de Lauzon-Guillain B. Prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals is associated with allergy or respiratory diseases in children in the ELFE nationwide cohort. Environ Health 2024; 23:5. [PMID: 38195595 PMCID: PMC10775451 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals may be associated with allergies later in life. We aimed to examine the association between prenatal dietary exposure to mixtures of chemicals and allergic or respiratory diseases up to age 5.5 y. METHODS We included 11,638 mother-child pairs from the French "Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance" (ELFE) cohort. Maternal dietary exposure during pregnancy to eight mixtures of chemicals was previously assessed. Allergic and respiratory diseases (eczema, food allergy, wheezing and asthma) were reported by parents between birth and age 5.5 years. Associations were evaluated with adjusted logistic regressions. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR[95%CI]) for a variation of one SD increase in mixture pattern. RESULTS Maternal dietary exposure to a mixture composed mainly of trace elements, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was positively associated with the risk of eczema (1.10 [1.05; 1.15]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to one mixture of pesticides was positively associated with the risk of food allergy (1.10 [1.02; 1.18]), whereas the exposure to another mixture of pesticides was positively but slightly related to the risk of wheezing (1.05 [1.01; 1.08]). This last association was not found in all sensitivity analyses. Dietary exposure to a mixture composed by perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements was negatively associated with the risk of asthma (0.89 [0.80; 0.99]), this association was consistent across sensitivity analyses, except the complete-case analysis. CONCLUSION Whereas few individual chemicals were related to the risk of allergic and respiratory diseases, some consistent associations were found between prenatal dietary exposure to some mixtures of chemicals and the risk of allergic or respiratory diseases. The positive association between trace elements, furans and PAHs and the risk of eczema, and that between pesticides mixtures and food allergy need to be confirmed in other studies. Conversely, the negative association between perfluoroalkyl acids, PAHs and trace elements and the risk of asthma need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ghozal
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France.
| | - Manik Kadawathagedara
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Rosalie Delvert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amandine Divaret-Chauveau
- Unité d'allergologie pédiatrique, Hôpital d'enfants, CHRU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- EA 3450 DevAH, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
- UMR 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Chantal Raherison
- Inserm, Team EPICENE, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphaëlle Varraso
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Annabelle Bédard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Amélie Crépet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Véronique Sirot
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
| | - Karine Adel-Patient
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS) Equipe EAROH, Batiment Leriche, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, Paris, Villejuif Cedex, 94807, France
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Nabi F, Tao W, Li Z, Lu Q, Xie J, Sahito B, Buzdar JA, Liu J. Penthorum chinense Prush extract alleviates aflatoxin B 1-induced toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis via mediating Nrf2 signaling pathway in the Bursa of Fabricius of broilers. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 275:109779. [PMID: 37871871 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the primary mycotoxin that is responsible for the severe issues plaguing poultry farming. The study was aimed to explore the relevant pathways connected with immunity (inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis) in an AFB1-challenged chicken by using Penthorum chinense Prush extract (PCPE) in Bursa of Fabricius (BF) of broilers. A total one hundred and eighty day-old broilers were divided into six groups: Control, AFB1 (3 mg/kg feed), Yin-Chen-Hao Tang extract (YCHT) (10 ml/kg feed), and PCPE groups (low 1 g/kg, medium 2 g/kg, and high 3 g/kg PCPE/kg feed) respectively. The results showed that AFB1-challenged birds showed significant decrease in growth, BF weight index, serum antioxidant biomarkers and histopathological changes in BF tissues. The mRNA analysis showed that AFB1 upregulated the apoptosis associated genes (caspase-3, caspase-9, Bak, Bax and p53) and downregulated BCL-2. Additionally, AFB1 downregulated expression level of Nuclear Factor EF-2 (Nrf2) related genes (Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and GCLC) in the BF of broilers. The PCPE treatment showed positive impact on final weight gain, bursal index, and reversing of pathological changes in the BF of AFB1-challanged broilers. PCPE ameliorated oxidative stress generated by AFB1, as an increase in antioxidant enzyme activities, alleviated histopathological changes in BF, enhanced the Nrf2 expression levels and lowered the apoptosis gene expressions as compared to AFB1. The findings revealed that PCPE activated the Nrf2 pathway, antioxidant defense system and modulated the apoptosis in the BF of broiler chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazul Nabi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, LUAWMS, Uthal, Pakistan.
| | - Weilai Tao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jialing Xie
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Benazir Sahito
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi 75600, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Buzdar
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, LUAWMS, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China; Immunology Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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He X, Zhou HX, Fu X, Ni KD, Lin AZ, Zhang LT, Yin HH, Jiang Q, Zhou X, Meng YW, Liu JY. Metabolomics study reveals increased deoxycholic acid contributes to deoxynivalenol-mediated intestinal barrier injury. Life Sci 2024; 336:122302. [PMID: 38016577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Deoxynivalenol (DON), namely vomitoxin, is one of the most prevalent fungal toxins in cereal crops worldwide. However, the underlying toxic mechanisms of DON remain largely unknown. MAIN METHODS DON exposure-caused changes in the murine plasma metabolome and gut microbiome were investigated by an LC-MS/MS-based nontargeted metabolomics approach and sequencing of 16S rRNA in fecal samples, respectively. Cellular models were then used to validate the findings from the metabolomics study. KEY FINDINGS DON exposure increased intestinal barrier permeability evidenced by its-mediated decrease in colonic Claudin 5 and E-cadherin, as well as increases in colonic Ifn-γ, Cxcl9, Cxcl10, and Cxcr3. Furthermore, DON exposure resulted in a significant increase in murine plasma levels of deoxycholic acid (DCA). Also, DON exposure led to gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was associated with DON exposure-caused increase in plasma DCA. In addition, we found not only DON but also DCA dose-dependently caused a significant increase in the levels of IFN-γ, CXCL9, CXCL10, and/or CXCR3, as well as a significant decrease in the expression levels of Claudin 5 and/or E-cadherin in the human colonic epithelial cells (NCM460). SIGNIFICANCE DON-mediated increase in DCA contributes to DON-caused intestinal injury. DCA may be a potential therapeutic target for DON enterotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hong-Xu Zhou
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xian Fu
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Kai-Di Ni
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ai-Zhi Lin
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling-Tong Zhang
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Hou-Hua Yin
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yi-Wen Meng
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- CNTTI of the Institute of Life Sciences & Anesthesia Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center for Novel Target and Therapeutic Intervention, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400016, China.
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He W, Wang J, Han M, Wang L, Li L, Zhang J, Chen S, Guo J, Zhai X, Yang J. Potential Toxicity and Mechanisms of T-2 and HT-2 Individually or in Combination on the Intestinal Barrier Function of Porcine Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:682. [PMID: 38133186 PMCID: PMC10748202 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Under natural conditions, T-2 toxin can be easily metabolized to HT-2 toxin by deacetylation, and T-2 and HT-2 are usually co-contaminated in grain and feed at a high detected rate. Our previous information indicated that T-2 toxin could injure the function of the intestinal barrier, but the combined toxicity and mechanism of T-2 and HT-2 on the intestinal cells of porcines are still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore T-2 and HT-2 individually and combined on cellular viability, cell membrane integrity, the expression of tight junction-related proteins, and the generation of inflammatory factors in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). The results showed that T-2 and HT-2, individually or in combination, could induce a decrease in cell viability, an increase in LDH release and IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α generation, and a decrease in the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Based on the analysis of immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, and western blotting, the tight junction protein expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, and ZO-1 were significantly decreased in the T-2 and HT-2 individual or combination treated groups compared with the control. Furthermore, all the parameter changes in the T-2 + HT-2 combination group were much more serious than those in the individual dose groups. These results suggest that T-2 and HT-2, individually and in combination, could induce an intestinal function injury related to an inflammatory response and damage to the intestinal barrier function in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Additionally, T-2 and HT-2 in combination showed a synergistic toxic effect, which will provide a theoretical basis to assess the risk of T-2 + HT-2 co-contamination in porcine feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua He
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
| | - Mengyi Han
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
| | - Lihua Wang
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Ling Li
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Siqi Chen
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Jiayi Guo
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiaohu Zhai
- Institute of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (W.H.); (L.W.); (L.L.); (J.Z.); (S.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Junhua Yang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (J.W.); (M.H.)
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17
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Sun H, He Z, Xiong D, Long M. Mechanisms by which microbial enzymes degrade four mycotoxins and application in animal production: A review. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:256-274. [PMID: 38033608 PMCID: PMC10685049 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds that pose a serious threat to animal health and food safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need for safe and efficient methods of detoxifying mycotoxins. As biotechnology has continued to develop, methods involving biological enzymes have shown great promise. Biological enzymatic methods, which can fundamentally destroy the structures of mycotoxins and produce degradation products whose toxicity is greatly reduced, are generally more specific, efficient, and environmentally friendly. Mycotoxin-degrading enzymes can thus facilitate the safe and effective detoxification of mycotoxins which gives them a huge advantage over other methods. This article summarizes the newly discovered degrading enzymes that can degrade four common mycotoxins (aflatoxins, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, and ochratoxin A) in the past five years, and reveals the degradation mechanism of degrading enzymes on four mycotoxins, as well as their positive effects on animal production. This review will provide a theoretical basis for the safe treatment of mycotoxins by using biological enzyme technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ziqi He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Dongwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
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18
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Hou L, Yuan H, Liu Y, Sun X, Chang J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Sun J, Wang Q, Chen F. Effect of deoxynivalenol on inflammatory injury on the glandular stomach in chick embryos. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102870. [PMID: 37660451 PMCID: PMC10491726 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) has a strong toxic effect on the gastrointestinal mucosa of poultry. In this study, we evaluated chicken embryo development and glandular stomach damage to clarify the immunotoxic effects of DON injected through the allantoic cavity of chicken embryos. The glandular stomach index, routine blood indices, plasma inflammatory factors, pathological changes in the glandular stomach, and transcriptome results were analyzed in the hatching chicks. The results showed that DON was supertoxic to chicken embryos, causing edema, shedding, and bleeding of the mucosa of the glandular stomach, which triggered inflammatory reactions. As the toxin concentration increased, the immune system was successively activated and inhibited, and regulation was carried out by the differential regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathway. These results suggested that the immunotoxic effect of DON on the glandular stomach of chicken embryos was closely related to the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Hou
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xinyuan Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiagao Chang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junchao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jieyu Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fu Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutritional Metabolic Disease and Poisoning Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China.
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19
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Ruan H, Huang Y, Yue B, Zhang Y, Lv J, Miao K, Zhang D, Luo J, Yang M. Insights into the intestinal toxicity of foodborne mycotoxins through gut microbiota: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4758-4785. [PMID: 37755064 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins, which are fungal metabolites, pose a significant global food safety concern by extensively contaminating food and feed, thereby seriously threatening public health and economic development. Many foodborne mycotoxins exhibit potent intestinal toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying mycotoxin-induced intestinal toxicity are diverse and complex, and effective prevention or treatment methods for this condition have not yet been established in clinical and animal husbandry practices. In recent years, there has been increasing attention to the role of gut microbiota in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the intestinal toxicity mechanisms of six common foodborne mycotoxins. It also explores novel toxicity mechanisms through the "key gut microbiota-key metabolites-key targets" axis, utilizing multiomics and precision toxicology studies with a specific focus on gut microbiota. Additionally, we examine the potential beneficial effects of probiotic supplementation on mycotoxin-induced toxicity based on initial gut microbiota-mediated mycotoxicity. This review offers a systematic description of how mycotoxins impact gut microbiota, metabolites, and genes or proteins, providing valuable insights for subsequent toxicity studies of mycotoxins. Furthermore, it lays a theoretical foundation for preventing and treating intestinal toxicity caused by mycotoxins and advancing food safety practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Binyang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Miao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education) and Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaoyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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20
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Deng Z, Zhou J, Wang C, Hu J, Liu R, Lv Y. Rapid and sensitive point-of-care PTS-CRISPR assay for food safety monitoring of aflatoxin B1. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12011-12014. [PMID: 37727951 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03984f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is crucial for human health, but its effective on-site monitoring remains a challenge. Pregnancy test strip (PTS) is the successful point-of-care testing (POCT) product of the highest market share in the world, with the cost as low as $0.10 per test. Herein, combined with the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) system, PTS-CRISPR was for the first time introduced into food safety monitoring, for rapid and sensitive POCT of aflatoxin B1. The low-cost, easy-to-operate PTS-CRISPR is expected to bring security to the grassroots food market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jin Zhou
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Jianyu Hu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yi Lv
- Analytical & Testing Centre, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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21
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Stanic B, Milošević N, Sukur N, Samardzija Nenadov D, Fa Nedeljkovic S, Škrbić S, Andric N. An in silico toxicogenomic approach in constructing the aflatoxin B1-mediated regulatory network of hub genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:552-562. [PMID: 36978281 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2196686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can cause hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through a mutagenic mode of action but can also lead to global changes in gene expression; however, the AFB1 network of molecular pathways involved in HCC is not known. Here, we used toxicogenomic data from human liver cells exposed to AFB1 to infer the network of AFB1-responsive molecular pathways involved in HCC. The following computational tools: STRING, MCODE, cytoHubba, iRegulon, kinase enrichment tool KEA3, and DAVID were used to identify protein-protein interaction network, hub genes, transcription factors (TFs), upstream kinases, and biological processes (BPs). Predicted molecular events were validated with an external dataset, whereas the hub genes in HCC were validated using the UALCAN database. The results revealed an association between AFB1 and the hub genes involved in the cell cycle. We identified TFs that regulate the hub genes and linked them with upstream kinases including cyclin-dependent kinases, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, and AKT. This approach enabled the construction of the AFB1-mediated regulatory network consisting of upstream kinases, TFs, hub genes, and BPs, thus revealing the signaling hierarchy and information flow that may contribute to AFB1-induced HCC. This could be a useful tool in predicting the molecular mechanisms involved in chemical-induced diseases when available toxicogenomic data exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Stanic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Milošević
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nataša Sukur
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | - Srđan Škrbić
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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22
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Mo YX, Ruan ML, Wang J, Liu Y, Wu YY, Wang GL, Han YM, Wan HF, Lamesgen D, Kuča K, Deng J, Sun LH. Mitigating the adverse effects of Aflatoxin B 1 in LMH, IPEC-J2 and 3D4/21 cells by a novel integrated agent. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113907. [PMID: 37343715 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
This study was to evaluate the efficacy of TOXO-XL (XL), an integrated mycotoxin-mitigating agent, on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced damage in Leghorn male hepatoma (LMH), porcine jejunum epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) and porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/21) cells, and to explore its potential mechanisms. The results showed that 30% inhibition concentration (IC30) of AFB1 in LMH, IPEC-J2 and 3D4/21 cells was 0.5, 15.0, and 2.5 mg/L, respectively. Notably, cell viability, ROS, apoptosis and DNA lesion induced by AFB1 (IC30) could be ameliorated by the supplementation with XL at the dosage of 0.025, 0.025 and 0.005%, respectively. Additionally, the migration and phagocytosis abilities impaired by AFB1 were also restored by XL in 3D4/21. Further experiments revealed that XL supplementation markedly attenuated AFB1-induced inflammatory response by decreasing IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in LMH, IL-6 in IPEC-J2 and IL-1β in 3D4/21 cells. Meanwhile, XL supplementation reversed the alterations of BAX, BCL-2 and caspase-3 induced by AFB1 in the three cells, suggesting that AFB1-induced apoptosis may be suppressed via the mitochondria-dependent pathway. Furthermore, XL may have a protective effect on the intestinal barrier through the restoration of occludin protein. Conclusively, these findings indicated that XL could alleviate AFB1-induced cytotoxicity in the three cells, potentially through the regulation of cytokines, ROS, apoptotic and DNA damage signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xin Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Meng-Ling Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Tianjin Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Tianjin, 300402, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wu
- Trouw Nutrition, 773811, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Guan-Lin Wang
- Trouw Nutrition, 773811, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Yan-Ming Han
- Trouw Nutrition, 773811, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Hai-Feng Wan
- South Hubei Industrial Technology Research Institute for Characteristic Agriculture, Hubei, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Dessalegn Lamesgen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Lv-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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23
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Li J, Deng Y, Wang Y, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. Mycotoxins Have a Potential of Inducing Cell Senescence: A New Understanding of Mycotoxin Immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023:104188. [PMID: 37331672 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins result in immune dysfunction and cause immune diseases in animals and humans. However, the mechanisms of immunotoxicity involved in mycotoxins have not been fully explored, and emerging evidence suggests that these toxins may promote their immunotoxicity via cellular senescence. Mycotoxins induce cell senescence after DNA damage, and activate signaling via the NF-κB and JNK pathways to promote the secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. DNA damage can also over-activate or cleave poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), increase the expression of cell cycle inhibitory proteins p21, and p53, and induce cell cycle arrest and then senescence. These senescent cells further down-regulate proliferation-related genes and overexpress inflammatory factors resulting in chronic inflammation and eventual immune exhaustion. Here we review the underlying mechanisms by which mycotoxins trigger cell senescence and the potential roles of SASP and PARP in these pathways. This work will help to further understand the mechanisms of immunotoxicity involved in mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefeng Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Ying Deng
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yating Wang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové 50003, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Reseaerch Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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24
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Han S, Zhang H, Liu X, Wen F, Li B, Bie Z, Qiu H, Hu J. Enhanced autophagy reversed aflatoxin B1-induced decrease in lactate secretion of dairy goat Sertoli cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115063. [PMID: 37229875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of aflatoxins, especially aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) which are widespread at all stages of food production, on the reproductive system have been widely reported in males. However, it is still far from fully understood about the toxic effect and molecular mechanism after exposure to AFB1 in various testicular cells, especially Sertoli cells (SCs) which provide various energy materials and support to the developing germ cells as nurse cells. In this work, we examined the effects of AFB1 in dairy goat SCs on lactate production and autophagy, and the role of autophagy on AFB1-induced reduction in lactate production. Mechanistically, AFB1 destroyed the energy balance and reduced the secretion of lactate in dairy goat SCs (P < 0.01), resulting in a reduced level of ATP (P < 0.01) and phosphorylation of AMPK (P < 0.01). Subsequently, activated AMPK triggers autophagy by directly phosphorylating ULK1 (P < 0.05). The enhancement of autophagy partially reversed the AFB1-induced decrease in lactate secretion by promoting glucose utilization (P < 0.01) and increasing the expression of proteins related to lactate secretion in dairy goat SCs (P < 0.05) such as GLUT1, GLUT3, LDHA, and MCT4. Collectively, our study suggests that AFB1 inhibits the secretion of lactate which supply for germ cell development by damaging the "Warburg-like" metabolism of dairy goat SCs. Moreover, autophagy contributes to the resistance of glucose metabolism damage induced by AFB1. DATA AVAILABILITY: All data generated or analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqi Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Baiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Bie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hehan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
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25
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Li L, He Z, Shi Y, Sun H, Yuan B, Cai J, Chen J, Long M. Role of epigenetics in mycotoxin toxicity: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 100:104154. [PMID: 37209890 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins can induce cell cycle disorders, cell proliferation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis through pathways such as those associated with MAPK, JAK2/STAT3, and Bcl-w/caspase-3, and cause reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Previous studies have explored the toxicity mechanism of mycotoxins from the levels of DNA, RNA, and proteins, and proved that mycotoxins have epigenetic toxicity. To explore the toxic effects and mechanisms of these changes in mycotoxins, this paper summarizes the changes in DNA methylation, non-coding RNA, RNA and histone modification induced by several common mycotoxins (zearalenone, aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin, etc.) based on epigenetic studies. In addition, the roles of mycotoxin-induced epigenetic toxicity in germ cell maturation, embryonic development, and carcinogenesis are highlighted. In summary, this review provides theoretical support for a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism of mycotoxin epigenotoxicity and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Ziqi He
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Yang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Huiying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Bowei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Cai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
| | - Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Laboratory of Ruminant Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (East), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China.
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Marzougui Z, Le Hegarat L, Hogeveen K, Huet S, Kharrat R, Marrouchi R, Fessard V. An Evaluation of the Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of the Marine Toxin C17-SAMT in Human TK6 and HepaRG Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097805. [PMID: 37175512 PMCID: PMC10177896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of C17-sphinganine analog mycotoxin (C17-SAMT) using in vitro assays. C17-SAMT was previously identified as the cause of unusual toxicity in cultured mussels from the Bizerte Lagoon in northern Tunisia. While a previous in vivo genotoxicity study was inconclusive, in vitro results demonstrated that C17-SAMT induced an increase in micronucleus formation in human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells at concentrations of 0.87 µM and 1.74 µM. In addition, multiparametric cytotoxicity assays were performed in the human hepatoma HepaRG cell line, which showed that C17-SAMT induced mitochondrial dysfunction, decreased cellular ATP levels, and altered the expression of various proteins, including superoxide dismutase SOD2, heme oxygenase HO-1, and NF-κB. These results suggest that C17-SAMT is mutagenic in vitro and can induce mitochondrial dysfunction in HepaRG cells. However, the exact mode of action of this toxin requires further investigation. Overall, this study highlights the potential toxicity of C17-SAMT and the need for further research to better understand its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeineb Marzougui
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, B.P. 74, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
- Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Université de Carthage, Tunis 1082, Tunisia
| | - Ludovic Le Hegarat
- Unité de Toxicologie des Contaminants, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (ANSES), 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat, 35306 Fougères, France
| | - Kevin Hogeveen
- Unité de Toxicologie des Contaminants, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (ANSES), 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat, 35306 Fougères, France
| | - Sylvie Huet
- Unité de Toxicologie des Contaminants, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (ANSES), 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat, 35306 Fougères, France
| | - Riadh Kharrat
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, B.P. 74, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Marrouchi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13 Place Pasteur, B.P. 74, Tunis-Belvédère 1002, Tunisia
| | - Valérie Fessard
- Unité de Toxicologie des Contaminants, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire (ANSES), 10 B rue Claude Bourgelat, 35306 Fougères, France
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Tang Y, Xiao D, Liu C. Two-Step Epimerization of Deoxynivalenol by Quinone-Dependent Dehydrogenase and Candida parapsilosis ACCC 20221. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040286. [PMID: 37104224 PMCID: PMC10146952 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the main mycotoxins with enteric toxicity, genetic toxicity, and immunotoxicity, and is widely found in corn, barley, wheat, and rye. In order to achieve effective detoxification of DON, the least toxic 3-epi-DON (1/357th of the toxicity of DON) was chosen as the target for degradation. Quinone-dependent dehydrogenase (QDDH) reported from Devosia train D6-9 detoxifies DON by converting C3-OH to a ketone group with toxicity of less than 1/10 that of DON. In this study, the recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-QDDH was constructed and successfully expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. Within 12 h, recombinant QDDH converted 78.46% of the 20 μg/mL DON to 3-keto-DON. Candida parapsilosis ACCC 20221 was screened for its activity in reducing 86.59% of 3-keto-DON within 48 h; its main products were identified as 3-epi-DON and DON. In addition, a two-step method was performed for epimerizing DON: 12 h catalysis by recombinant QDDH and 6 h transformation of the C. parapsilosis ACCC 20221 cell catalyst. The production rates of 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON were 51.59% and 32.57%, respectively, after manipulation. Through this study, effective detoxification of 84.16% of DON was achieved, with the products being mainly 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dingna Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chendi Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Deng Y, Chen H, Wu Y, Yuan J, Shi Q, Tong P, Gao J. Aflatoxin B 1 can aggravate BALB/c mice allergy to ovalbumin through changing their Th2 cells immune responses. Toxicon 2023; 228:107121. [PMID: 37062343 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Foods contaminated by Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) frequently happen in the world and can cause a lot healthy damages to human beings, meanwhile, some of these foods are easily irritate food allergy. To investigate the effect of AFB1 exposure on food allergy, three doses of AFB1 were set, including 0.3 μg/kg · bw (LDAF), 7.5 μg/kg · bw (MDAF), and 100.0 μg/kg · bw (HDAF), respectively; food allergy model was constructed by the BALB/c mice allergy to ovalbumin (OVA). The changes of titer in OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, as well as level of the mMCP-1 in sera were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively; the levels of interleukin (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and interferon (IFN)-γ in spleen were separately assessed using ELISA kits, and their relative genes expression were verified by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (Q-PCR); the population of Th1/Th2/Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results showed that when OVA-allergic mice were exposed to AFB1, the production of OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, and mMCP-1 were all increased, whereas the level of IFN-γ was decreased; the Th1/Th2 balance was disrupted and the development of Th cells tilted to the Th2 phenotype. The study would contribute to further understand the risk of fungal toxins in food allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Hongbing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Jin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China
| | - Ping Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
| | - Jinyan Gao
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, PR China.
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Sun Y, Song Y, Long M, Yang S. Immunotoxicity of Three Environmental Mycotoxins and Their Risks of Increasing Pathogen Infections. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15030187. [PMID: 36977078 PMCID: PMC10054902 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and deoxynivalenol (DON) are the three mycotoxins that have received the most scholarly attention and have been tested most routinely in clinics. These mycotoxins not only suppress immune responses but also induce inflammation and even increase susceptibility to pathogens. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the determining factors for the bidirectional immunotoxicity of the three mycotoxins, their effects on pathogens, and their action mechanisms. The determining factors include mycotoxin exposure doses and times, as well as species, sex, and some immunologic stimulants. Moreover, mycotoxin exposure can affect the infection severity of some pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Their specific action mechanisms include three aspects: (1) mycotoxin exposure directly promotes the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms; (2) mycotoxins produce toxicity, destroy the integrity of the mucosal barrier, and promote inflammatory response, thereby improving the susceptibility of the host; (3) mycotoxins reduce the activity of some specific immune cells and induce immune suppression, resulting in reduced host resistance. The present review will provide a scientific basis for the control of these three mycotoxins and also provide a reference for research on the causes of increased subclinical infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Sun
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuqi Song
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Zhang J, Han Y, Song M, Wang Q, Cao Z, Yang X, Li Y. Selenium Improves Bone Microenvironment-Related Hematopoiesis and Immunity in T-2 Toxin-Exposed Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2590-2599. [PMID: 36693005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The T-2 toxin is one of the most frequent contaminants in the environment and agricultural production globally. It exerts a wide range of toxic effects. Selenium (Se), as an antioxidant, has the potential to be widely used to antagonize mycotoxin toxicity. To investigate the protective effects of Se on bone microenvironment (BM)-related hematopoiesis and immunity after T-2 toxin exposure, 36 male mice were treated with the T-2 toxin (1 mg/kg) and/or Se (0.2 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 28 days. The results showed that Se alleviated T-2 toxin-induced cytopenia and splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis. Se also significantly relieved T-2 toxin-induced immunosuppression, as assessed by immune factors and lymphocytes. Furthermore, Se also attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis and improved the BM in T-2 toxin-exposed mice. Therefore, Se improves BM-related hematopoiesis and immunity after T-2 toxin exposure. This study provides references for identifying the toxic mechanism and screening potential therapeutic drugs of the T-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- Liaoning Agricultural Technical College, Yingkou, Liaoning 115009, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
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Computational Studies of Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1): A Review. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020135. [PMID: 36828449 PMCID: PMC9967988 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exhibits the most potent mutagenic and carcinogenic activity among aflatoxins. For this reason, AFB1 is recognized as a human group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency of Research on Cancer. Consequently, it is essential to determine its properties and behavior in different chemical systems. The chemical properties of AFB1 can be explored using computational chemistry, which has been employed complementarily to experimental investigations. The present review includes in silico studies (semiempirical, Hartree-Fock, DFT, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics) conducted from the first computational study in 1974 to the present (2022). This work was performed, considering the following groups: (a) molecular properties of AFB1 (structural, energy, solvent effects, ground and the excited state, atomic charges, among others); (b) theoretical investigations of AFB1 (degradation, quantification, reactivity, among others); (c) molecular interactions with inorganic compounds (Ag+, Zn2+, and Mg2+); (d) molecular interactions with environmentally compounds (clays); and (e) molecular interactions with biological compounds (DNA, enzymes, cyclodextrins, glucans, among others). Accordingly, in this work, we provide to the stakeholder the knowledge of toxicity of types of AFB1-derivatives, the structure-activity relationships manifested by the bonds between AFB1 and DNA or proteins, and the types of strategies that have been employed to quantify, detect, and eliminate the AFB1 molecule.
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32
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You L, Nepovimova E, Valko M, Wu Q, Kuca K. Mycotoxins and cellular senescence: the impact of oxidative stress, hypoxia, and immunosuppression. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:393-404. [PMID: 36434400 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03423-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Mycotoxins induce oxidative stress, hypoxia, and cause immunosuppressive effects. Moreover, emerging evidence show that mycotoxins have a potential of inducing cellular senescence, which are involved in their immunomodulatory effects. Mycotoxins upregulate the expression of senescence markers γ-H2AX, senescence-associated β-galactosidase, p53, p16, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) inflammatory factors. Moreover, mycotoxins cause senescence-associated cell cycle arrest by diminishing cyclin D1 and Cdk4 pathways, as well as increasing the expression of p53, p21, and CDK6. Mycotoxins may induce cellular senescence by activating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress. In addition, hypoxia acts as a double-edged sword on cell senescence; it could both act as the stress-induced senescence and also hinder the onset of cellular senescence. The SASP inflammatory factors have the ability to induce an immunosuppressive environment, while mycotoxins directly cause immunosuppression. Therefore, there is a potential relationship between mycotoxins and cellular senescence that synergistically cause immunosuppression. However, most of the current studies have involved the effect of mycotoxins on cell cycle arrest, but only limited in-depth research has been carried out to link the occurrence of this condition (cell cycle arrest) with cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing, 401520, China
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marian Valko
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 500 03, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
- Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Ma P, Guo H, Ye H, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Structural insights into the AFB 1 aptamer coupled with a rationally designed CRISPR/Cas12a-Exo III aptasensor for AFB 1 detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1164-1171. [PMID: 36414074 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a typical food contaminant. A truncated DNA aptamer of AFB1 was reported by our team in previous work. However, the recognition mechanism between aptamer and AFB1 was lacking, which was crucial for the design of related aptasensor. Herein, the binding of aptamer to AFB1 was systematically studied and found that it was an exothermic process and the conformation of aptamer changed during the recognition process. Loop bases in the secondary structure of aptamer formed a special binding pocket to recognize AFB1. Van der Waals and electrostatic interaction were the main driving forces. By blocking the stem bases guided by the structural investigation, a rationally designed CRISPR/Cas12a-Exo III aptasensor for AFB1 detection was constructed, and the sensitivity was improved by target recycling. Under optimal conditions, the linear detection range for AFB1 was 0.01-20 ng/mL, and AFB1 was accurately determined in corn and wheat samples. This work laid a theoretical foundation for the design of AFB1 aptasensor, and the developed detection model came up with new ideas for the development of CRISPR/Cas12a-based aptasensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hualin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hua Ye
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212004, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing of Sichuan, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212004, China.
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Sun Y, Yao Z, Long M, Zhang Y, Huang K, Li L. Alveolar Macrophages Participate in the Promotion of Influenza Virus Infection by Aflatoxin B1 at an Early Stage. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:67. [PMID: 36668886 PMCID: PMC9863124 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), one of the most common environmental mycotoxin contaminations in food and feed, poses significant threats to human and animal health. Our previous study indicated that even non-toxic AFB1 concentrations could promote influenza virus replication and induce influenza virus-infected alveolar macrophages polarizing from M1 (immunostimulatory phenotype) to M2 (immunosuppressive phenotype) over time. However, whether AFB1 promotes influenza replication via modulating the polarization of alveolar macrophages is unknown. Here, we specifically depleted alveolar macrophages using clodronate-containing liposomes in swine influenza virus (SIV)-infected mice to explore the mechanism the promotion of SIV replication by AFB1. The results show that the depletion of alveolar macrophages significantly alleviated the AFB1-induced weight loss, inflammatory responses, and lung and immune organ damage of the SIV-infected mice after 14 days and greatly diminished the AFB1-promoted SIV replication. In contrast, the depletion of alveolar macrophages did not alleviate the AFB1-induced weight loss, and lung and immune organ damage of the SIV-infected mice after 28 days and slightly diminished the AFB1-promoted SIV replication. Collectively, the data indicate that alveolar macrophages play a crucial role the promotion of SIV infection by AFB1 in the early rather than late stage, and AFB1 can promote SIV replication by inducing alveolar macrophages to polarize towards M1 macrophages. This research provides novel targets for reducing the risk of AFB1-promoted influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Sun
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhaoran Yao
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Kehe Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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35
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Mohan B, Singh G, Pombeiro AJL, Solovev AA, Sharma PK, Chen Q. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for milk safety and contaminants monitoring. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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Hypoxia and Cellular Senescence, Emerging Toxic Mechanisms of Mycotoxins and Toxins: A New Understanding of the Negative Immune Regulations. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120880. [PMID: 36548777 PMCID: PMC9787684 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxin contamination is an important issue that has plagued the world [...]
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Gu W, Bao Q, Weng K, Liu J, Luo S, Chen J, Li Z, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Xu Q. Effects of T-2 toxin on growth performance, feather quality, tibia development and blood parameters in Yangzhou goslings. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102382. [PMID: 36535114 PMCID: PMC9791600 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a dangerous natural pollutant and widely exists in animal feed, often causing toxic damage to poultry, such as slow growth and development, immunosuppression, and death. Although geese are considered the most sensitive poultry to T-2 toxin, the exact damage caused by T-2 toxin to geese is elusive. In the present study, a total of forty two 1-day-old healthy Yangzhou male goslings were randomly allotted seven diets contaminated with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin for 21 d, and the effects of T-2 toxin exposure on growth performance, feather quality, tibia development, and blood parameters were investigated. The results showed that T-2 toxin exposure significantly inhibited feed intake, body weight gain, shank length growth, and organ development (e.g., ileum, cecum, liver, spleen, bursa, and tibia) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the more serious feathering abnormalities and feather damage were observed in goslings exposed to a high dose of T-2 toxin (0.8, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg), which were mainly sparsely covered with short, dry, rough, curly, and gloss-free feathers on the back. We also found that hypertrophic chondrocytes of the tibial growth plate exhibited abnormal morphology and nuclear consolidation or loss, accompanied by necrosis and excessive apoptosis under 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin exposure. Moreover, 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin exposure triggered erythropenia, thrombocytosis, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activity, as well as high blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and lactic dehydrogenase levels. Collectively, these data indicate that T-2 toxin had an adverse effect on the growth performance, feather quality, and tibia development, and caused liver and kidney damage and abnormal blood parameters in Yangzhou goslings, providing crucial information toward the prevention and control of T-2 toxin contamination in poultry feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Qiang Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Kaiqi Weng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Jinlu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Shuwen Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Zhengfeng Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
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You L, Wang X, Wu W, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. HIF-1α inhibits T-2 toxin-mediated "immune evasion" process by negatively regulating PD-1/PD-L1. Toxicology 2022; 480:153324. [PMID: 36115646 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Trichothecene mycotoxins have a strong immunosuppressive effect, which may even escape host immune surveillance and damage the immune repair to show an "immune evasion" effect. Increasing lines of evidence have shown that hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key mediators of trichothecenes, and these toxins appear to be closely related to the "immune evasion" mechanisms. Therefore, we used RAW264.7 cell model to explore the association of T-2 toxins with "immune evasion" process and hypoxia, as well as their cross-linking effects induced by T-2 toxin. Our results showed that HIF-1α is an important toxicity target of T-2 toxin, which could induce intracellular hypoxia. T-2 toxin induced an "immune evasion" process by activating the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Interestingly, when HIF-1α activation was blocked, the "immune evasion" process regulated by PD-1/PD-L1 signaling was activated, resulting in the cells damage, suggesting that hypoxia induced by T-2 toxin plays a protective role for RAW264.7 cell damage. Thus, our work shows that HIF-1α inhibits T-2 toxin-mediated "immune evasion" process by negatively regulating PD-1/PD-L1signaling. This study contributes to a better understanding of the immunotoxicity mechanism of trichothecenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; College of Physical Education and Health, Chongqing College of International Business and Economics, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU), Wuhan, China
| | - Wenda Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové 500 03, Czech Republic; Andalusian Research Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Li SJ, Zhang G, Xue B, Ding Q, Han L, Huang JC, Wu F, Li C, Yang C. Toxicity and detoxification of T-2 toxin in poultry. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113392. [PMID: 36044934 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the updated knowledge on the toxicity of T-2 on poultry, followed by potential strategies for detoxification of T-2 in poultry diet. The toxic effects of T-2 on poultry include cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, metabolism modulation, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, skeletal toxicity, nephrotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, etc. Cytotoxicity is the primary toxicity of T-2, characterized by inhibiting protein and nucleic acid synthesis, altering the cell cycle, inducing oxidative stress, apoptosis and necrosis, which lead to damages of immune organs, liver, digestive tract, bone, kidney, etc., resulting in pathological changes and impaired physiological functions of these organs. Glutathione redox system, superoxide dismutase, catalase and autophagy are protective mechanisms against oxidative stress and apoptosis, and can compensate the pathological changes and physiological functions impaired by T-2 to some degree. T-2 detoxifying agents for poultry feeds include adsorbing agents (e.g., aluminosilicate-based clays and microbial cell wall), biotransforming agents (e.g., Eubacterium sp. BBSH 797 strain), and indirect detoxifying agents (e.g., plant-derived antioxidants). These T-2 detoxifying agents could alleviate different pathological changes to different degrees, and multi-component T-2 detoxifying agents can likely provide more comprehensive protection against the toxicity of T-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ji Li
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China.
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Xue
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Qiaoling Ding
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Lu Han
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Jian-Chu Huang
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Fuhai Wu
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Chonggao Li
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China
| | - Chunmin Yang
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510850, China.
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Toolbox for the Extraction and Quantification of Ochratoxin A and Ochratoxin Alpha Applicable for Different Pig and Poultry Matrices. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070432. [PMID: 35878170 PMCID: PMC9323111 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is one of the major mycotoxins causing severe effects on the health of humans and animals. Ochratoxin alpha (OTα) is a metabolite of OTA, which is produced through microbial or enzymatic hydrolysis, and one of the preferred routes of OTA detoxification. The methods described here are applicable for the extraction and quantification of OTA and OTα in several pig and poultry matrices such as feed, feces/excreta, urine, plasma, dried blood spots, and tissue samples such as liver, kidney, muscle, skin, and fat. The samples are homogenized and extracted. Extraction is either based on a stepwise extraction using ethyl acetate/sodium hydrogencarbonate/ethyl acetate or an acetonitrile/water mixture. Quantitative analysis is based on reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Method validation was successfully performed and the linearity, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision as well as the stability of the samples, were evaluated. The analyte recovery of the spiked samples was between 80 and 120% (80–150% for spiked concentrations ≤ 1 ng/g or ng/mL) and the relative standard deviation was ≤ 15%. Therefore, we provide a toolbox for the extraction and quantification of OTA and OTα in all relevant pig and poultry matrices.
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